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Song T, Hui W, Huang M, Guo Y, Yu M, Yang X, Liu Y, Chen X. Dynamic Changes in Ion Channels during Myocardial Infarction and Therapeutic Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6467. [PMID: 38928173 PMCID: PMC11203447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In different areas of the heart, action potential waveforms differ due to differences in the expressions of sodium, calcium, and potassium channels. One of the characteristics of myocardial infarction (MI) is an imbalance in oxygen supply and demand, leading to ion imbalance. After MI, the regulation and expression levels of K+, Ca2+, and Na+ ion channels in cardiomyocytes are altered, which affects the regularity of cardiac rhythm and leads to myocardial injury. Myocardial fibroblasts are the main effector cells in the process of MI repair. The ion channels of myocardial fibroblasts play an important role in the process of MI. At the same time, a large number of ion channels are expressed in immune cells, which play an important role by regulating the in- and outflow of ions to complete intracellular signal transduction. Ion channels are widely distributed in a variety of cells and are attractive targets for drug development. This article reviews the changes in different ion channels after MI and the therapeutic drugs for these channels. We analyze the complex molecular mechanisms behind myocardial ion channel regulation and the challenges in ion channel drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Song
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wenting Hui
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Meiyi Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
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Xu F, Cai W, Liu B, Qiu Z, Zhang X. Natural L-type calcium channels antagonists from Chinese medicine. Chin Med 2024; 19:72. [PMID: 38773596 PMCID: PMC11107034 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
L-type calcium channels (LTCCs), the largest subfamily of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs), are the main channels for Ca2+ influx during extracellular excitation. LTCCs are widely present in excitable cells, especially cardiac and cardiovascular smooth muscle cells, and participate in various Ca2+-dependent processes. LTCCs have been considered as worthy drug target for cardiovascular, neurological and psychological diseases for decades. Natural products from Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have shown the potential as new drugs for the treatment of LTCCs related diseases. In this review, the basic structure, function of LTCCs, and the related human diseases caused by structural or functional abnormalities of LTCCs, and the natural LTCCs antagonist and their potential usages were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Xu
- The Second Clinical College , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanna Cai
- The Second Clinical College , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Liu
- The Second Clinical College , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenwen Qiu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoqi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
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Ye H, Wang K, Ma J, Cui S, Guo J, Yang K, Lyu L. SALVIANOLIC ACID A ATTENUATES ANGIOTENSIN II-INDUCED CARDIAC FIBROSIS THROUGH REGULATING THE TXNIP SIGNALING PATHWAY. Shock 2024; 61:748-757. [PMID: 38662612 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cardiac fibrosis, characterized by excessive collagen accumulation in heart tissues, poses a significant clinical challenge in various heart diseases and complications. Although salvianolic acid A (Sal A) from Danshen ( Salvia miltiorrhiza ) has shown promise in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, and atherosclerosis, its effects on cardiac fibrosis remain unexplored. Our study investigated the efficacy of Sal A in reducing cardiac fibrosis and elucidated its underlying molecular mechanisms. We observed that Sal A demonstrated significant cardioprotective effects against Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac remodeling and fibrosis, showing a dose-dependent reduction in fibrosis in mice and suppression of cardiac fibroblast proliferation and fibrotic protein expression in vitro . RNA sequencing revealed that Sal A counteracted Ang II-induced upregulation of Txnip, and subsequent experiments indicated that it acts through the inflammasome and ROS pathways. These findings establish the antifibrotic effects of Sal A, notably attenuated by Txnip overexpression, and highlight its significant role in modulating inflammation and oxidative stress pathways. This underscores the importance of further research on Sal A and similar compounds, especially regarding their effects on inflammation and oxidative stress, which are key factors in various cardiovascular diseases.
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Seck I, Ndoye SF, Kapchoup MVK, Nguemo F, Ciss I, Ba LA, Ba A, Sokhna S, Seck M. Effects of plant extracts and derivatives on cardiac K +, Nav, and Ca v channels: a review. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-28. [PMID: 38586947 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2337112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) are endless sources of compounds for fighting against several pathologies. Many dysfunctions, including cardiovascular disorders, such as cardiac arrhythmias have their modes of action regulation of the concentration of electrolytes inside and outside the cell targeting ion channels. Here, we highlight plant extracts and secondary metabolites' effects on the treatment of related cardiac pathologies on hERG, Nav, and Cav of cardiomyocytes. The natural product's pharmacology of expressed receptors like alpha-adrenergic receptors causes an influx of Ca2+ ions through receptor-operated Ca2+ ion channels. We also examine the NPs associated with cardiac contractions such as myocardial contractility by reducing the L-type calcium current and decreasing the intracellular calcium transient, inhibiting the K+ induced contractions, decreasing amplitude of myocyte shortening and showed negative ionotropic and chronotropic effects due to decreasing cytosolic Ca2+. We examine whether the NPs block potassium channels, particular the hERG channel and regulatory effects on Nav1.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insa Seck
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Organique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Samba Fama Ndoye
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | - Filomain Nguemo
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ismaila Ciss
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Lalla Aicha Ba
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Abda Ba
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Seynabou Sokhna
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Matar Seck
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
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Jiang L, Gao T, Liu M, Li F. Chitosan-sodium alginate-polyethylene glycol-Ally isothiocyante nanocomposites ameliorates isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23531. [PMID: 37724821 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common type of ischemic heart disease that affects millions of people worldwide. In recent times, nanotechnology has become a very promising field with immense applications. The current exploration was conducted to synthesize the chitosan-sodium alginate-polyethylene glycol-Ally isothiocyanate nanocomposites (CSP-AIso-NCs) and evaluate their beneficial roles against the isoproterenol (ISO)-induced MI in rats. The CSP-AIso-NCs were prepared and characterized by several characterization techniques. The MI was initiated in the rats by the administration of 85 mg/kg of ISO for 2 days and treated with 10 and 20 mg/kg of CSP-AIso-NCs for 1 month. The changes in heart weight and bodyweight were measured. The cardiac function markers were assessed with echocardiography. The lipid profiles, Na+, K+, and Ca2+ ions, cardiac biomarkers, antioxidant parameters, and inflammatory cytokines were assessed using corresponding assay kits. The histopathological study was done on the heart tissues. The UV spectral analysis revealed the maximum peak at 208 nm, which confirms the formation of CSP-AIso-NCs. The FT-IR analysis revealed the occurrence of different functional groups, and the crystallinity of the CSP-AIso-NCs was proved by the XRD analysis. DLS analysis indicated the size of the CSP-AIso-NCs at 146.50 nm. The CSP-AIso-NCs treatment increased the bodyweight and decreased the HW/BW ratio in the MI rats. The status of lipids was reduced, and HDL was elevated in the CSP-AIso-NCs administered to MI rats. CSP-AIso-NCs decreased the LVEDs, LVEDd, and NT-proBNP and increased the LVEF level. The oxidative stress markers were decreased, and the antioxidants were increased by the CSP-AIso-NCs treatment in the MI rats. The Na+ and Ca+ ions were reduced, and the K+ ions were increased by the CSP-AIso-NCs. The interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were also depleted, and Nrf-2 was improved in the CSP-AIso-NCs administered to MI rats. The histological study revealed the ameliorative effects of CSP-AIso-NCs. Overall, our outcomes revealed that the CSP-AIso-NCs are effective against the ISO-induced MI rats. Hence, it could be a hopeful therapeutic nanomedicine for MI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tingchao Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fangxu Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Munir S, Hafeez R, Younis W, Malik MNH, Munir MU, Manzoor W, Razzaq MA, Pessoa LB, Lopes KS, Lívero FADR, Gasparotto Junior A. The Protective Effect of Citronellol against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2820. [PMID: 37893193 PMCID: PMC10604204 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Citronellol has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and antihypertensive activities, but its effect on myocardial ischemia is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects and pharmacological mechanisms of citronellol on ischemia. Therefore, a rat model of myocardial ischemia was established using the doxorubicin (DOX) model. To induce cardiotoxicity, the rats were given DOX (2.5 mg/kg) intraperitoneally over a 14-day period. Group I served as the control and received tween 80 (0.2%), group II received the vehicle and DOX, group III received the standard drug dexrazoxane and DOX, whereas groups IV, V, and VI were treated orally with citronellol (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) and DOX, respectively. After treatment, the rats were euthanized, and blood samples were collected to assess the levels of serum cardiac markers, lipid profiles, and tissue antioxidant enzymes. The gene expressions of eNOS, PPAR-g, IL-10, VEGF, and NFkB-1 were also determined using real-time polymerase chain reactions. Simultaneous treatment with DOX and citronellol reduced cardiac antioxidant enzymes and lipid biomarkers in a dose-dependent manner. Citronellol also increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines while reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, it can be concluded that citronellol may have potential cardioprotective effects in preventing DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sania Munir
- The Faculty of Pharmacy, Superior University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Rizwan Hafeez
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Waqas Younis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (M.N.H.M.); (W.M.); (M.A.R.)
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 550 Ist Ave, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Muhammad Nasir Hayat Malik
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (M.N.H.M.); (W.M.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Muhammad Usman Munir
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Wajiha Manzoor
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (M.N.H.M.); (W.M.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Muryam Abdul Razzaq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (M.N.H.M.); (W.M.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Luciane Barbosa Pessoa
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFac), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil; (L.B.P.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Katiana Simões Lopes
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFac), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil; (L.B.P.); (K.S.L.)
| | | | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFac), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil; (L.B.P.); (K.S.L.)
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Nainu F, Frediansyah A, Mamada SS, Permana AD, Salampe M, Chandran D, Emran TB, Simal-Gandara J. Natural products targeting inflammation-related metabolic disorders: A comprehensive review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16919. [PMID: 37346355 PMCID: PMC10279840 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the incidence of metabolic disorders is increasing, setting a challenge to global health. With major advancement in the diagnostic tools and clinical procedures, much has been known in the etiology of metabolic disorders and their corresponding pathophysiologies. In addition, the use of in vitro and in vivo experimental models prior to clinical studies has promoted numerous biomedical breakthroughs, including in the discovery and development of drug candidates to treat metabolic disorders. Indeed, chemicals isolated from natural products have been extensively studied as prospective drug candidates to manage diabetes, obesity, heart-related diseases, and cancer, partly due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Continuous efforts have been made in parallel to improve their bioactivity and bioavailability using selected drug delivery approaches. Here, we provide insights on recent progress in the role of inflammatory-mediated responses on the initiation of metabolic disorders, with particular reference to diabetes mellitus, obesity, heart-related diseases, and cancer. In addition, we discussed the prospective role of natural products in the management of diabetes, obesity, heart-related diseases, and cancers and provide lists of potential biological targets for high throughput screening in drug discovery and development. Lastly, we discussed findings observed in the preclinical and clinical studies prior to identifying suitable approaches on the phytochemical drug delivery systems that are potential to be used in the treatment of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firzan Nainu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Andri Frediansyah
- Research Center for Food Technology and Processing (PRTPP), National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Yogyakarta 55861, Indonesia
| | - Sukamto S. Mamada
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Andi Dian Permana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | | | - Deepak Chandran
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore 642109, India
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School & Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical Chemistry and Food Science Department, Faculty of Science, E32004 Ourense, Spain
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Yan Z, Zhong L, Zhu W, Chung SK, Hou P. Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases ─ targeting cardiac ion channels. Pharmacol Res 2023; 192:106765. [PMID: 37075871 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, imposing an increasing global health burden. Cardiac ion channels (voltage-gated NaV, CaV, KVs, and others) synergistically shape the cardiac action potential (AP) and control the heartbeat. Dysfunction of these channels, due to genetic mutations, transcriptional or post-translational modifications, may disturb the AP and lead to arrhythmia, a major risk for CVD patients. Although there are five classes of anti-arrhythmic drugs available, they can have varying levels of efficacies and side effects on patients, possibly due to the complex pathogenesis of arrhythmias. As an alternative treatment option, Chinese herbal remedies have shown promise in regulating cardiac ion channels and providing anti-arrhythmic effects. In this review, we first discuss the role of cardiac ion channels in maintaining normal heart function and the pathogenesis of CVD, then summarize the classification of Chinese herbal compounds, and elaborate detailed mechanisms of their efficacy in regulating cardiac ion channels and in alleviating arrhythmia and CVD. We also address current limitations and opportunities for developing new anti-CVD drugs based on Chinese herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Yan
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ling Zhong
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wandi Zhu
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division and Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sookja Kim Chung
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China; Faculty of Medicine & Faculty of Innovation Engineering at Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Panpan Hou
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China; Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute. Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
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Ameliorative effects of Danshensu from the functional food Salvia miltiorrhiza against arsenic trioxide-induced cardiac toxicity in vivo and in vitro: Involvement of inhibiting the AKT/IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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10
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Hu KS, Chen CL, Ding HR, Wang TY, Zhu Q, Zhou YC, Chen JM, Mei JQ, Hu S, Huang J, Zhao WR, Mei LH. Production of Salvianic Acid A from l-DOPA via Biocatalytic Cascade Reactions. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27186088. [PMID: 36144828 PMCID: PMC9501478 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvianic acid A (SAA), as the main bioactive component of the traditional Chinese herb Salvia miltiorrhiza, has important application value in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, a two-step bioprocess for the preparation of SAA from l-DOPA was developed. In the first step, l-DOPA was transformed to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DHPPA) using engineered Escherichia coli cells expressing membrane-bound L-amino acid deaminase from Proteus vulgaris. After that, the unpurified DHPPA was directly converted into SAA by permeabilized recombinant E. coli cells co-expressing d-lactate dehydrogenase from Pediococcus acidilactici and formate dehydrogenase from Mycobacterium vaccae N10. Under optimized conditions, 48.3 mM of SAA could be prepared from 50 mM of l-DOPA, with a yield of 96.6%. Therefore, the bioprocess developed here was not only environmentally friendly, but also exhibited excellent production efficiency and, thus, is promising for industrial SAA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Shun Hu
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Chong Le Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Huan Ru Ding
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Tian Yu Wang
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Qin Zhu
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Yi Chen Zhou
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jia Min Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jia Qi Mei
- Hangzhou Huadong Medicine Group Co. Ltd., Hangzhou 310011, China
| | - Sheng Hu
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Wei Rui Zhao
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
- Correspondence: (W.R.Z.); (L.H.M.); Tel.: +86-574-881-301-30 (W.R.Z.); +86-571-879-531-61(L.H.M.)
| | - Le He Mei
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Jinhua Advanced Research Institute, Jinhua 321019, China
- Correspondence: (W.R.Z.); (L.H.M.); Tel.: +86-574-881-301-30 (W.R.Z.); +86-571-879-531-61(L.H.M.)
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Han X, Qi J, Yang Y, Zheng B, Liu M, Liu Y, Li L, Guan S, Jia Q, Chu L. Protective mechanisms of 10-gingerol against myocardial ischemia may involve activation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway and regulation of Ca 2+ homeostasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113082. [PMID: 35569350 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
10-Gingerol (10-Gin), an active ingredient extracted from ginger, has been reported to have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. However, its protective effects on myocardial ischemia (MI) and the underlying cellular mechanisms are still unclear. To investigate the protection conferred by 10-Gin against MI injury and its potential mechanisms in cardiomyocytes via patch-clamp and molecular biology techniques. A rat MI model was established using the subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (85 mg/kg) administered on two consecutive days. 10-Gin was pre-administered to rats for seven days to assess its cardio-protection. The patch-clamp and IonOptix Myocam detection techniques were used to investigated 10-Gin's effects on L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs), Ca2+ transients and cell contractility in isolated rat cardiomyocytes. 10-Gin administration alleviated MI injury, improved cardiac function and myocardial histopathology, reduced myocardial infarct area, downregulated oxidative stress and Ca2+ levels, and decreased the expression of apoptotic factors. Importantly, 10-Gin led to an increase in phosphorylated Janus kinase 2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2 and STAT3, respectively) expressions. Furthermore, 10-Gin inhibited LTCCs in a concentration-dependent manner with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 75.96 μM. Moreover, 10-Gin administration inhibited Ca2+ transients and cell contractility. Our results suggest that 10-Gin exerts cardioprotective effects on MI in vivo and in vitro in connection with the inhibition of oxidative stress and apoptosis via activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway, and regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis by LTCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, China
| | - Jiaying Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, China
| | - Yakun Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, China
| | - Shengjiang Guan
- Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, China; School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, China.
| | - Qingzhong Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, China.
| | - Li Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, China.
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12
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Li J, Yang Y, Wang H, Ma D, Wang H, Chu L, Zhang Y, Gao Y. Baicalein Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia Through Reduction of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis via TLR4/MyD88/MAPK S/NF-κB Pathway and Regulation of Ca 2+ Homeostasis by L-type Ca 2+ Channels. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:842723. [PMID: 35370644 PMCID: PMC8967179 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.842723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Baicalein (Bai) is the principal ingredient of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Reports concerning the therapeutic advantages in treating cardiovascular diseases have been published. However, its protective mechanism towards myocardial ischemia (MI) is undefined. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective mechanisms of Bai on mouse and rat models of MI. Methods: Mice were pre-treated with Bai (30 and 60 mg/kg/day) for 7 days followed by subcutaneous injections of isoproterenol (ISO, 85 mg/kg/day) for 2 days to establish the MI model. Electrocardiograms were recorded and serum was used to detect creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Cardiac tissues were used to detect Ca2+ concentration, morphological pathologies, reactive oxygen species (ROS), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In addition, the expression levels of Bcl-2-associated X (Bax), B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Caspase-3, Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation protein 88 (MyD88), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), p-p38, p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (p-ERK1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) were assessed by western blots in myocardial tissues. The effects of Bai on L-type Ca2+ currents (ICa-L), contractility and Ca2+ transients in rat isolated cardiomyocytes were monitored by using patch clamp technique and IonOptix system. Moreover, ISO-induced H9c2 myocardial injury was used to detect levels of inflammation and apoptosis. Results: Bai caused an improvement in heart rate, ST-segment and heart coefficients. Moreover, Bai led to a reduction in CK, LDH and Ca2+ concentrations and improved morphological pathologies. Bai inhibited ROS generation and reinstated SOD, CAT and GSH activities in addition to inhibition of replenishing MDA content. Also, expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α in addition to Bax and Caspase-3 were suppressed, while Bcl-2 expression was upregulated. Bai inhibited protein expressions of TLR4/MyD88/MAPKS/NF-κB and significantly inhibited ICa-L, myocyte contraction and Ca2+ transients. Furthermore, Bai caused a reduction in inflammation and apoptosis in H9c2 cells. Conclusions: Bai demonstrated ameliorative actions towards MI, which might have been related to attenuation of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis via suppression of TLR4/MyD88/MAPKS/NF-κB pathway and adjustment of Ca2+ homeostasis via L-type Ca2+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yakun Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hua Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Donglai Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hongfang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yonggang Gao
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
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13
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Mechanisms of cinnamic aldehyde against myocardial ischemia/hypoxia injury in vivo and in vitro: Involvement of regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 147:112674. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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14
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Xue Y, Zhang M, Zheng B, Zhang Y, Chu X, Liu Y, Li Z, Han X, Chu L. [8]-Gingerol exerts anti-myocardial ischemic effects in rats via modulation of the MAPK signaling pathway and L-type Ca 2+ channels. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00852. [PMID: 34390539 PMCID: PMC8364294 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia (MI) remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Therefore, it is urgent to seek the treatment to protect the heart. [8]‐Gingerol (8‐Gin), one of the most active ingredients in ginger, has antioxidant, cardiotonic, and cardiovascular protective properties. The present study elucidated the cardioprotection effects and underlying mechanisms of 8‐Gin in isoproterenol (ISO)‐induced MI. ISO (85 mg/kg/d) was subcutaneously injected for 2 consecutive days to induce acute MI model in rats. Electrocardiography, oxidative stress levels, calcium concentrations, and apoptosis degree were observed. The effects of 8‐Gin on L‐type Ca2+ current (ICa‐L), contraction, and Ca2+ transients were monitored in rat myocytes via patch‐clamp and IonOptix detection systems. 8‐Gin decreased J‐point elevation and heart rate and improved pathological heart damage. Moreover, 8‐Gin reduced the levels of CK, LDH, and MDA, ROS production, and calcium concentrations in myocardial tissue, while increased the activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH. In addition, 8‐Gin down‐regulated Caspase‐3 and Bax expressions, while up‐regulated Bcl‐2 expression. 8‐Gin produced a marked decrease in the expression of p38, JNK, and ERK1/2 proteins. 8‐Gin inhibited ICa‐L, cell contraction, and Ca2+ transients in isolated rat myocytes. The results indicate that 8‐Gin could exert anti‐myocardial ischemic effects, which may be associated with oxidative stress reduction, cardiomyocytes apoptosis inhibition through MAPK signaling pathway, and Ca2+ homeostasis regulation via ICa‐L modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Xue
- College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Muqing Zhang
- College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xi Chu
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ziliang Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xue Han
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Hebei Higher Education Institute Applied Technology Research Center on TCM Formula Preparation, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Li Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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15
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Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Suppressing Calcium Overload and Apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6643615. [PMID: 34093960 PMCID: PMC8163549 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6643615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI) is an urgent problem with a great impact on health globally. However, its pathological mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) has a protective effect against MI/RI. This study is aimed at further clarifying the relationship between HSYA cardioprotection and calcium overload as well as the underlying mechanisms. We verified the protective effect of HSYA on neonatal rat primary cardiomyocytes (NPCMs) and human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) from hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR) injury. To explore the cardioprotective mechanism of HSYA, we employed calcium fluorescence, TUNEL assay, JC-1 staining, and western blotting. Finally, cardio-ECR and patch-clamp experiments were used to explain the regulation of L-type calcium channels (LTCC) in cardioprotection mediated by HSYA. The results showed that HSYA reduced the levels of myocardial enzymes and protected NPCMs from HR injury. HSYA also restored the contractile function of hiPSC-CMs and field potential signal abnormalities caused by HR and exerted a protective effect on cardiac function. Further, we demonstrated that HSYA protects cardiomyocytes from HR injury by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential and inhibiting apoptosis and calcium overload. Patch-clamp results revealed that MI/RI caused a sharp increase in calcium currents, which was inhibited by pretreatment with HSYA. Furthermore, we found that HSYA restored contraction amplitude, beat rate, and field potential duration of hiPSC-CMs, which were disrupted by the LTCC agonist Bay-K8644. Patch-clamp experiments also showed that HSYA inhibits Bay-K8644-induced calcium current, with an effect similar to that of the LTCC inhibitor nisoldipine. Therefore, our data suggest that HSYA targets LTCC to inhibit calcium overload and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, thereby exerting a cardioprotective effect and reducing MI/RI injury.
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16
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Zhang X, Zhang J, Ji X, Wei Z, Ding B, Liu G, Lv X, Zheng Y, Zhan S. A Quantitative Serum Proteomic Analysis Helps to Explore the Comprehensive Mechanism and Identify Serum Biomarkers of Shengmai Injection's Effect on Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Ischemia in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:666429. [PMID: 33995093 PMCID: PMC8113823 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.666429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Shengmai injection (SMI), a traditional Chinese medicine formula with the nature of multicomponent and multi-target, has been widely used in clinic for treating cardiovascular diseases in China; however, its comprehensive mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, a TMT-based quantitative serum proteomics was performed to explore SMI’s global mechanism and help identify serum biomarkers of its effect on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial ischemia rats. The results of TMT-based proteomic analysis identified 227, 100, and 228 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) for the model compared to the control group, SMI pretreatment + model compared to the model group, and SMI pretreatment + model compared to the control group, respectively. Based on bioinformatics analyses of gene ontology (GO), KEGG pathways, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks for the DEPs, it is concluded that the comprehensive mechanism of SMI’s effect on ISO-induced myocardial ischemia injury includes regulation of energy metabolism, reducing endothelial cell permeability, regulation of vessel and cardiac contractility, anti-inflammation, and prevention of cell apoptosis. Furthermore, 10 common DEPs were found, and six of them were regulated in model vs. control group, while back-regulated in SMI pretreatment + model vs. model group. Among them, three functional proteins of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), Fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule 3 (FAIM3), and uncharacterized protein (M0R5J4), which were verified by the PRM analysis, might be the potential serum biomarkers on SMI’s effects. Overall, this serum proteomics of SMI not only provides insights into the comprehensive mechanism underlying SMI’s effects on ischemic heart disease but also helps identify serum biomarkers for directing SMI’s cardioprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Science and Education, the First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiangyu Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Baoyue Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yongxia Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Shuyu Zhan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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17
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A novel oriented immunosensor based on AuNPs-thionine-CMWCNTs and staphylococcal protein A for interleukin-6 analysis in complicated biological samples. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1140:145-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Papaemmanouil C, Chatziathanasiadou MV, Chatzigiannis C, Chontzopoulou E, Mavromoustakos T, Grdadolnik SG, Tzakos AG. Unveiling the interaction profile of rosmarinic acid and its bioactive substructures with serum albumin. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:786-804. [PMID: 32200650 PMCID: PMC7144280 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1740923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid, a phytochemical compound, bears diverse pharmaceutical profile. It is composed by two building blocks: caffeic acid and a salvianic acid unit. The interaction profile, responsible for the delivery of rosmarinic acid and its two substructure components by serum albumin remains unexplored. To unveil this, we established a novel low-cost and efficient method to produce salvianic acid from the parent compound. To probe the interaction profile of rosmarinic acid and its two substructure constituents with the different serum albumin binding sites we utilised fluorescence spectroscopy and competitive saturation transfer difference NMR experiments. These studies were complemented with transfer NOESY NMR experiments. The thermodynamics of the binding profile of rosmarinic acid and its substructures were addressed using isothermal titration calorimetry. In silico docking studies, driven by the experimental data, have been used to deliver further atomic details on the binding mode of rosmarinic acid and its structural components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Papaemmanouil
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Maria V. Chatziathanasiadou
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Christos Chatzigiannis
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Eleni Chontzopoulou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Thomas Mavromoustakos
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Simona Golic Grdadolnik
- Laboratory for Molecular Structural Dynamics, Theory Department, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andreas G. Tzakos
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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19
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Zhao Z, Li J, Zheng B, Liang Y, Shi J, Zhang J, Han X, Chu L, Chu X, Gao Y. Ameliorative effects and mechanism of crocetin in arsenic trioxide‑induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:5271-5281. [PMID: 33173984 PMCID: PMC7646993 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is commonly used to treat patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia since it was authorized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in the 1970s, but its applicability has been limited by its cardiotoxic effects. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the cardioprotective effects and underlying mechanism of crocetin (CRT), the critical ingredient of saffron. Sprague-Dawley rats were then randomly divided into four groups (n=10/group): i) Control group; ii) ATO group, iii) CRT-low (20 mg/kg) group; and iv) CRT-high (40 mg/kg) group. Rats in the Control and ATO groups were intraperitoneally injected with equal volumes of 0.9% sodium chloride solution, and CRT groups were administered with either 20 and 40 mg/kg CRT. Following 6 h, all groups except the Control group were intraperitoneally injected with 5 mg/kg ATO over 10 days. Cardiotoxicity was indicated by changes in electrocardiographic (ECG) patterns, morphology and marker enzymes. Histomorphological changes in the heart tissue were observed by pathological staining. The levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde and catalase in the serum were analyzed using colometric commercial assay kits, and the levels of reactive oxygen species in the heart tissue were detected using the fluorescent probe dihydroethidium. The expression levels of inflammatory factors and activities of apoptosis-related proteins were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. The protein expression levels of silent information regulator of transcription 1 were measured using western blotting. Cardiotoxicity was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats with ATO (5 mg/kg). CRT (20 and 40 mg/kg) and ATO were co-administered to evaluate possible cardioprotective effects. CRT significantly reduced the heart rate and J-point elevation induced by ATO in rats. Histological changes were evaluated via hematoxylin and eosin staining. CRT decreased the levels of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione-peroxidase and catalase, and decreased the levels of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, CRT downregulated the expression levels of the pro-inflammatory factors IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6, Bax and p65, as well as increased the expression of Bcl-2. It was also identified that CRT enhanced silent information regulator of transcription 1 protein expression. Thus, the present study demonstrated that CRT treatment effectively ameliorated ATO-induced cardiotoxicity. The protective effects of CRT can be attributed to the inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Therefore, CRT represents a promising therapeutic method for improving the cardiotoxic side effects caused by ATO treatment, and additional clinical applications are possible, but warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Jinghan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Yingran Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver‑Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Li Chu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Yonggang Gao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
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20
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Zhao F, Bai R, Li J, Feng X, Jiao S, Wuken S, Ge F, Zhang Q, Zhou X, Tu P, Chai X. Meconopsis horridula Hook. f. & Thomson extract and its alkaloid oleracein E exert cardioprotective effects against acute myocardial ischaemic injury in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 258:112893. [PMID: 32387233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Meconopsis horridula Hook. f. & Thomson (MH) is a traditional Tibetan medicine used to promote blood circulation, remove bruises, remove stasis and relieve chest pain which benefit to cardiovascular diseases. Oleracein E (OE), a major tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid, can be isolated from MH ethanol extract. The antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects of OE have been reported by previous pharmacological research. The objective of this article was to investigate the cardioprotective effects of MH extract and OE in an ICR mouse of acute myocardial ischaemic injury. A left anterior descending (LAD) artery ligation mouse model of AMI was established. In vivo, cardiac function after MH and OE treatment was determined through measurement of EF, FS, LVEDd, and LVEDs by echocardiography. The levels of SOD, MDA, CK-MB and LDH in serum were also detected. A TUNEL assay was used to verify apoptosis. Changes in collagen deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration in ischemic myocardial tissue were observed by histopathological examination. In vitro, H9c2 cells were pre-treated with OE for 6 h, and then cultured in serum-free medium with H2O2 for 2 h. CCK8 assay measured cell viability, and flow cytometry determined apoptosis levels and ROS content. The mechanism was explored by western blotting. These results showed that MH and OE significantly affected acute myocardial ischaemia by improving cardiac function and that OE downregulated the expression of related proteins in the MAPK signalling pathway. These findings provide substantial evidence of MH may applicate in clinic, and indicate that such medicines have potential value for the treatment of ischaemia-induced heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ruifeng Bai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Junjun Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shungang Jiao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shana Wuken
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fuxing Ge
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xingyun Chai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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21
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M3, a 1,4-Dihydropyridine Derivative and Mixed L-/T-Type Calcium Channel Blocker, Attenuates Isoproterenol-Induced Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2020; 20:627-640. [PMID: 32671560 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-020-09587-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that Ca2+ dysregulation is involved in the pathogenesis of isoproterenol (ISP)-induced biochemical toxicity and associated oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated the chemopreventive benefit of M3, a 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, against ISP-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats. Adult rats were divided into eight groups of six rats/group. Groups 1-5 received normal saline (control, 10 mL/kg/day, p.o.), ISP (85 mg/kg/day, s.c.), M3 lower dose (M3LD, 5 mg/kg, p.o.), M3 upper dose (M3UD, 20 mg/kg/day, p.o.), and Nifedipine (NFD, 20 mg/kg/day, p.o.), respectively. Others (groups 6-8) were pretreated with either M3LD, M3UD or NFD one hour before ISP administration. All rats were sacrificed 24 h after the last administration and changes in biochemical, hematological, and antioxidant parameters were assessed. Histologic examination of the heart, liver and kidney was also conducted. ISP elevated (p < 0.05) Ca2+, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein levels when compared with control. Similarly, ISP increased levels of markers of renal function (p < 0.01), C-reactive protein (148.1%) and myocardial malondialdehyde (MDA, 88.7%) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (109.2%). Platelet level was reduced (p < 0.05) in the ISP-intoxicated control rats. M3 exhibited antioxidant property, reduced levels of triglycerides, MDA and improved biochemical and hematological alterations associated with ISP toxicity. M3, however, was not effective in restoring histological changes that characterized ISP toxicity at the doses used. M3 offers chemopreventive benefits against ISP toxicity possibly through L-/T-type calcium channels blockade and modulatory actions on biochemical and antioxidant homeostasis.
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Xue Y, Jin W, Xue Y, Zhang Y, Wang H, Zhang Y, Guan S, Chu X, Zhang J. Safranal, an active constituent of saffron, ameliorates myocardial ischemia via reduction of oxidative stress and regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis. J Pharmacol Sci 2020; 143:156-164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Chu X, Zhang Y, Xue Y, Li Z, Shi J, Wang H, Chu L. Crocin protects against cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin through TLR-2/NF-κB signal pathway in vivo and vitro. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 84:106548. [PMID: 32388215 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used to treat multiple of tumors, but its clinical trials are allied with some serious adverse events mainly cardiac functional abnormalities. So the objective of our investigation is to identify the cardioprotective action of crocin (CRO), a natural compound derived from saffron, against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. CRO was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) to rats for sixconsecutive days and DOX (i.p.) was administered on the fourth day. H9c2 cells were treated with DOX for 24 h after being pre-treated by CRO for 2 h. CROreduced tachycardiaand J-point elevation,decreased the levelsof serum creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase,glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase.CRO exerted positive effect on DOX-induced ROS productionand changes of oxidative stress biomarkers. CRO significantlydecreased intracellular Ca2+ concentration andincreased mitochondria membrane potentialin H9c2 cells. CRO also resisted the DOX-induced high expressionof tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin-6, inhibitedapoptosisand improved the abnormal expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 proteins.CRO obviously restrained DOX-mediatedhigh expression of toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in ventricular tissue. Inbrief,CRO distinctly restrained DOX-mediated cardiotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptoticandredressingcardiomyocyte calcium dyshomeostasis and mitochondria damage.These cardioprotective effects may berelated closely with the TLR2/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chu
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Yucong Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Ziliang Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Shi
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China.
| | - Hongfang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China.
| | - Li Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China.
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Ma S, Ma J, Tu Q, Zheng C, Chen Q, Lv W. Isoproterenol Increases Left Atrial Fibrosis and Susceptibility to Atrial Fibrillation by Inducing Atrial Ischemic Infarction in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:493. [PMID: 32351393 PMCID: PMC7174760 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Left atrial (LA) fibrosis is a major arrhythmogenic substrate for atrial fibrillation (AF). The purpose of this study was to assess whether isoproterenol (ISO) induces LA fibrosis and increases susceptibility to AF, exploring the underlying mechanisms. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subcutaneously injected ISO once per day for 2 days. Five weeks after injection, the ISO group had higher susceptibility AF and prolonged AF duration compared with the control group. ISO decreased LA conduction velocity (CV) and increased LA conduction heterogeneity. ISO increased fibrosise areas and the protein levels of collagen types I and III in the left atrium. Antifibrosis drug pirfenidone decreased AF occurrence and reduced LA fibrosis in ISO treated rats. ISO injection induced atrial ischemia infarction by increasing heart rate and decreasing diastolic and systolic blood pressures. These findings demonstrated that ISO increases susceptibility to AF by increasing LA fibrosis and LA conduction abnormalities 5 weeks after injection. ISO injection induces atrial ischemic injury is the main cause of fibrosis. Rats with ISO-induced LA fibrosis may be used in further AF research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Ma
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Ma
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingqiang Tu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoyang Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuxiong Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihui Lv
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Gentianella acuta prevents acute myocardial infarction induced by isoproterenol in rats via inhibition of galectin-3/TLR4/MyD88/NF-кB inflammatory signalling. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 29:205-219. [PMID: 32356088 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00708-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gentianella acuta (G. acuta), as a folk medicine, was used to treat heart disease by the Ewenki people in Inner Mongolia. However, the effect of G. acuta on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is not clear. To explore the mechanisms of G. acuta on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced AMI, rats were administered G. acuta for 28 days, then injected intraperitoneally with ISO (85 mg/kg) on days 29 and 30. An electrocardiogram helped to evaluate the myocardial injury. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were evaluated, and haematoxylin eosin, Masson's trichrome staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining were used to detect myocardial histological changes. Radioimmunoassay was used to measure serum tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin (IL)-6. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to analyse serum galectin-3 (Gal-3) levels. Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to examine relevant molecular events. The results revealed that pre-treatment with G. acuta decreased the elevation in the ST segment; reduced serum LDH, CK and AST levels; alleviated cardiac structure disorder; and reduced inflammatory infiltration, abnormal collagen deposition and cardiomyocyte apoptosis that were induced by ISO. Furthermore, pre-treatment with G. acuta inhibited serum Gal-3 levels and Gal-3 expression in heart tissue, and also impeded TLR4/MyD88/NF-кB signalling activation, which ultimately prevented the expression of inflammatory cytokines. The study indicated that pre-treatment with G. acuta protects against ISO-induced AMI, and the protective role may be related to inhibiting Gal-3/TLR4/MyD88/NF-кB inflammatory signalling.
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Kumar VB, Lin SH, Mahalakshmi B, Lo YS, Lin CC, Chuang YC, Hsieh MJ, Chen MK. Sodium Danshensu Inhibits Oral Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion by Modulating p38 Signaling Pathway. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:568436. [PMID: 33101201 PMCID: PMC7554528 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.568436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) that comprises about 90% of all oral cancer cases is associated with poor prognosis due to its highly metastatic nature. The majority of OSCC treatment options are related detrimental side-effects. Hypothesis/Purpose: The present study aimed at deciphering the effects of a bioactive phytochemical, sodium danshensu, on human oral cancer cell metastasis. Methods and Results: The treatment of FaDu and Ca9-22 cells with different doses of sodium danshensu (25, 50, and 100 μM) caused a significant reduction in cellular motility, migration, and invasion, as compared to the untreated cells. This effect was associated with a reduced expression of MMP-2, vimentin and N-cadherin, together with an enhanced expression of E-cadherin and ZO-1. Further investigation on the molecular mechanism revealed that treatment with sodium danshensu caused significant reduction in p38 phosphorylation; however, phosphorylation of ERK1/2 significantly decreased only in FaDu cells, whereas p-JNK1/2 did not show any alteration. A combination of p38 and JNK1/2 inhibitors with sodium danshensu also reduced the migration in the FaDu and Ca9-22 cell lines. Conclusion: Collectively, the present study findings reveal that sodium danshensu execute anti-metastatic effect by suppressing p38 phosphorylation in human oral cancer. The study identifies sodium danshensu as a potential natural anticancer agent that can be used therapeutically to manage highly metastatic OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Bharath Kumar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - B. Mahalakshmi
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Yu-Sheng Lo
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Chuang
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Holistic Wellness, Mingdao University, Changhua, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Ming-Ju Hsieh
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Mu-Kuan Chen
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Cardioprotective mechanisms of salvianic acid A sodium in rats with myocardial infarction based on proteome and transcriptome analysis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2019; 40:1513-1522. [PMID: 31253938 PMCID: PMC7468552 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-019-0265-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart diseases (IHDs) cause great morbidity and mortality worldwide, necessitating effective treatment. Salvianic acid A sodium (SAAS) is an active compound derived from the well-known herbal medicine Danshen, which has been widely used for clinical treatment of cardiovascular diseases in China. This study aimed to confirm the cardioprotective effects of SAAS in rats with myocardial infarction and to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms based on proteome and transcriptome profiling of myocardial tissue. The results showed that SAAS effectively protected against myocardial injury and improved cardiac function. The differentially expressed proteins and genes included important structural molecules, receptors, transcription factors, and cofactors. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that SAAS participated in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton, phagosome, focal adhesion, tight junction, apoptosis, MAPK signaling, and Wnt signaling pathways, which are closely related to cardiovascular diseases. SAAS may exert its cardioprotective effect by targeting multiple pathways at both the proteome and transcriptome levels. This study has provided not only new insights into the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction but also a road map of the cardioprotective molecular mechanisms of SAAS, which may provide pharmacological evidence to aid in its clinical application.
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Meng X, Jiang J, Pan H, Wu S, Wang S, Lou Y, Fan G. Preclinical Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion of Sodium Danshensu, One of the Main Water-Soluble Ingredients in Salvia miltiorrhiza, in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:554. [PMID: 31231211 PMCID: PMC6558371 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of sodium danshensu (Sodium DL-β-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactate), one of the main water-soluble active constituents in Salvia miltiorrhiza, were evaluated in rats. Pharmacokinetic study was evaluated in doses of 15, 30, and 60 mg/kg after intravenous administration of sodium danshensu. Bioavailability study was evaluated by comparing between 30 mg/kg (I.V.) and 180 mg/kg (P.O.) of sodium danshensu. Tissue distribution, metabolism, and excretion were evaluated at 30 mg/kg (I.V.) of sodium danshensu. Following intravenous administration, sodium danshensu exhibited linear pharmacokinetics in the dose range of 15–60 mg/kg. Sodium danshensu appeared to be poorly absorbed after oral administration, with an absolute bioavailability of 13.72%. The primary distribution tissue was kidney, but it was also distributed to lung, stomach, muscle, uterus, heart, etc. Within 96 h after intravenous administration, 46.99% was excreted via urine and 1.16% was excreted via feces as the parent drug. Biliary excretion of sodium danshensu was about 0.83% for 24 h. Metabolites in urine were identified as methylation, sulfation, both methylation and sulfation, and acetylation of danshensu. Sodium danshensu can be developed as an injection because of its poor oral bioavailability. In conclusion, sodium danshensu is widely distributed, mainly phase II metabolized and excreted primarily in urine as an unchanged drug in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguo Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengyuan Wu
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuowen Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuefen Lou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guorong Fan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Han X, Zhang Y, Liang Y, Zhang J, Li M, Zhao Z, Zhang X, Xue Y, Zhang Y, Xiao J, Chu L. 6-Gingerol, an active pungent component of ginger, inhibits L-type Ca 2+ current, contractility, and Ca 2+ transients in isolated rat ventricular myocytes. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:1344-1352. [PMID: 31024707 PMCID: PMC6475727 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginger has been widely used as a flavor, food, and traditional medicine for centuries. 6-Gingerol (6-Gin) is the active components of ginger and offers some beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases. Here, the effects of 6-Gin on L-type Ca2+ current (ICa-L), contractility, and the Ca2+ transients of rat cardiomyocytes, were investigated via patch-clamp technique and the Ion Optix system. The 6-Gin decreased the ICa-L of normal and ischemic ventricular myocytes by 58.17 ± 1.05% and 55.22 ± 1.34%, respectively. 6-Gin decreased ICa-L in a concentration-dependent manner with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 31.25 μmol/L. At 300 μmol/L, 6-Gin reduced the cell shortening by 48.87 ± 5.44% and the transients by 42.5 ± 9.79%. The results indicate that the molecular mechanisms underlying the cardio-protective effects of 6-Gin may because of a decreasing of intracellular Ca2+ via the inhibition of ICa-L and contractility in rat cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- School of PharmacyHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of PharmacyHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Yingran Liang
- School of PharmacyHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Jianping Zhang
- School of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Mengying Li
- School of PharmacyHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Zhifeng Zhao
- School of PharmacyHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Xuan Zhang
- School of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Yurun Xue
- School of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Jingkai Xiao
- School of PharmacyHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Li Chu
- School of PharmacyHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver‐Kidney PatternsShijiazhuangChina
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Han X, Li M, Zhao Z, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Guan S, Chu L. Mechanisms underlying the cardio-protection of total ginsenosides against myocardial ischemia in rats in vivo and in vitro: Possible involvement of L-type Ca 2+ channels, contractility and Ca 2+ homeostasis. J Pharmacol Sci 2019; 139:240-248. [PMID: 30826245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we aimed to observe the effects of total ginsenosides (TG) against isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial ischemia (MI) and to explore its underlying mechanisms based on L-type Ca2+ current (ICa-L), intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and contraction in isolated rat myocytes. Rat model of MI was induced by subcutaneously injection of ISO (85 mg/kg) for 2 consecutive days. J-point elevation, heart rate, serum levels of creatine kinase (CK) and lactated dehydrogenase (LDH), and heart morphology changes were observed. Influences of TG on ICa-L, [Ca2+]i and contraction in isolated rat myocytes were observed by the patch-clamp technique and IonOptix detection system. TG significantly reduced J-point elevation, heart rate, serum levels of CK and LDH, and improved heart pathologic morphology. TG decreased ICa-L in concentration-dependent manner with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 31.65 μg/mL. TG (300 μg/mL) decreased ICa-L of normal and ischemic ventricular myocytes by 64.33 ± 1.28% and 61.29 ± 1.38% respectively. At 30 μg/mL, TG reduced Ca2+ transient by 21.67 ± 0.94% and cell shortening by 38.43 ± 6.49%. This study showed that TG displayed cardioprotective effects on ISO-induced MI rats and the underlying mechanisms may be related to inhibition of ICa-L, damping of [Ca2+]i and decrease of contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Mengying Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Shengjiang Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Li Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China.
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Potential mechanisms underlying the protective effects of salvianic acid A against atherosclerosis in vivo and vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:945-956. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Bao XY, Zheng Q, Tong Q, Zhu PC, Zhuang Z, Zheng GQ, Wang Y. Danshensu for Myocardial Ischemic Injury: Preclinical Evidence and Novel Methodology of Quality Assessment Tool. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1445. [PMID: 30618743 PMCID: PMC6297803 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Danshensu (DSS) possesses unique bioactivity on the cardiovascular system. However, there is a lack of systematical summary of DSS for acute myocardial ischemia injury and no quality assessment tool for the systematical review of cell experiments. Here, we aimed to assess the preclinical evidences and possible mechanisms of DSS for myocardial ischemia injury, and to develop a quality assessment tool for the systematical review of cell experiments. Methods: Thirty-two studies with 473 animals and 134 cells were identified by searching seven databases. All data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3. CAMARADES 10-item checklist was used to assess the methodological quality of animal experiments. A new 10-item checklist was first developed to assess the methodological quality of cell studies. Results: The score of study quality ranged from 3 to 7 points in animal studies, while the cell studies scored 3–6 points. Meta-analysis showed that DSS had significant effects on reducing myocardial infarct (MI) size in vivo, and increasing cell viability and reducing apoptosis rate in vitro compared with controls (P < 0.01). The possible mechanisms of DSS for MI are improving circulation, antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, promoting angiogenesis, anti-excessive autophagy, anti-calcium overload, and improving energy metabolism. Conclusions: DSS could exert cardioprotective effect on myocardial ischemia injury, and thus is a probable candidate for further clinical trials andtreatment of AMI. In addition, the newly devloped 10-item checklist for assessing methodological quality of cell study that recommened to use the sysmatic review of cell studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yi Bao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qun Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiang Tong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peng-Chong Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhuang Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Li ZM, Xu SW, Liu PQ. Salvia miltiorrhizaBurge (Danshen): a golden herbal medicine in cardiovascular therapeutics. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:802-824. [PMID: 29698387 PMCID: PMC5943903 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Burge (Danshen) is an eminent medicinal herb that possesses broad cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protective actions and has been used in Asian countries for many centuries. Accumulating evidence suggests that Danshen and its components prevent vascular diseases, in particular, atherosclerosis and cardiac diseases, including myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, arrhythmia, cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis. The published literature indicates that lipophilic constituents (tanshinone I, tanshinone IIa, tanshinone IIb, cryptotanshinone, dihydrotanshinone, etc) as well as hydrophilic constituents (danshensu, salvianolic acid A and B, protocatechuic aldehyde, etc) contribute to the cardiovascular protective actions of Danshen, suggesting a potential synergism among these constituents. Herein, we provide a systematic up-to-date review on the cardiovascular actions and therapeutic potential of major pharmacologically active constituents of Danshen. These bioactive compounds will serve as excellent drug candidates in small-molecule cardiovascular drug discovery. This article also provides a scientific rationale for understanding the traditional use of Danshen in cardiovascular therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-ming Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Suo-wen Xu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
| | - Pei-qing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Wang G, Dai G, Song J, Zhu M, Liu Y, Hou X, Ke Z, Zhou Y, Qiu H, Wang F, Jiang N, Jia X, Feng L. Lactone Component From Ligusticum chuanxiong Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia Injury Through Inhibiting Autophagy. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:301. [PMID: 29651246 PMCID: PMC5884868 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of autophagy is associated with a series of cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial ischemia injury. Lactone component from Ligusticum chuanxiong (LLC) is the major constituent of the traditional Chinese herb L. chuanxiong Hort., which has been reported to hold potential cardioprotective effects. In this study, to determine whether LLC protects the heart through regulation of autophagy, we explored the effects of LLC on cardioprotection and autophagy in myocardial ischemia injured rats and H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Our results showed that LLC significantly reduced infarct size and serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and cardiac troponin and ameliorated histological features in a dose-dependent manner. Similar protections were observed in cardiomyocytes subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Meanwhile, LLC inhibited autophagy induced by myocardial ischemia injury, characterized by increased autophagic vacuoles, LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and the expression of Beclin 1, whereas decreased the expression of p62. Additionally, LLC combined with a lysosomal inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) reduced LC3-II/LC3-I ratio in cardiomyocytes compared with CQ alone. Furthermore, LLC-afforded cardioprotection was abolished by a specific PI3K inhibitor LY294002. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that cardioprotective effects of LLC were related to restoration of autophagic flux through the activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoliang Dai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Maomao Zhu
- Nanjing Institute of Product Quality Inspection, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuefeng Hou
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongcheng Ke
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanli Zhou
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huihui Qiu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fujing Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Liang Feng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Cardioprotective effects of total flavonoids from Jinhe Yangxin prescription by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in myocardial ischemia injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 98:308-317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Khan V, Sharma S, Bhandari U, Ali SM, Haque SE. Raspberry ketone protects against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Life Sci 2017; 194:205-212. [PMID: 29225109 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM The cardioprotective role of raspberry ketone (RK) against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats was assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were randomly divided into Group I - Vehicle control; Group II - Toxic control ISO (85mg/kg, s.c.); Group III, IV and V - RK (50, 100 and 200mg/kg, respectively) with ISO; Group VI- RK (200mg/kg) alone; Group VII - Propranolol (10mg/kg) with ISO; and Group VIII - Propranolol (10mg/kg) alone. After twenty-four hours of the last dose, animals were sacrificed and creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density-lipoprotein, low-density-lipoprotein, very-low-density-lipoprotein, malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, Na+, K+-ATPase, nitric oxide, histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis (tumor necrosis factor-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase) were performed. KEY FINDINGS Treatment with ISO significantly deviated the biochemical parameters from the normal levels, which were considerably restored by RK at 100 and 200mg/kg doses. 50mg/kg dose, however, did not demonstrate any significant cardioprotective action. The histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis further substantiated these findings. SIGNIFICANCE Our study showed a dose-dependent reduction in oxidative stress, inflammation and dyslipidemia by RK in ISO-intoxicated rats, which signifies that RK from the European red raspberry plant might be a valuable entity for the management of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasim Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sumit Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Uma Bhandari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Syed Mansoor Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Milia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Syed Ehtaishamul Haque
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Wong ZW, Thanikachalam PV, Ramamurthy S. Molecular understanding of the protective role of natural products on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:1145-1166. [PMID: 28826162 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern medicine has been used to treat myocardial infarction, a subset of cardiovascular diseases, and have been relatively effective but not without adverse effects. Consequently, this issue has stimulated interest in the use of natural products, which may be equally effective and better tolerated. Many studies have investigated the cardioprotective effect of natural products, such as plant-derived phytochemicals, against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial damage; these have produced promising results on the basis of their antioxidant, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory activities. This review briefly introduces the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction (MI) and then addresses the progress of natural product research towards its treatment. We highlight the promising applications and mechanisms of action of plant extracts, phytochemicals and polyherbal formulations towards the treatment of ISO-induced myocardial damage. Most of the products displayed elevated antioxidant levels with decreased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, along with restoration of ionic balance and lowered expression of myocardial injury markers, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and apoptotic parameters. Likewise, lipid profiles were positively altered and histopathological improvements could be seen from, for example, the better membrane integrity, decreased necrosis, edema, infarct size, and leukocyte infiltration. This review highlights promising results towards the amelioration of ISO-induced myocardial damage, which suggest the direction for future research on natural products that could be used to treat MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wei Wong
- International Medical University, 126, Jln Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Srinivasan Ramamurthy
- International Medical University, 126, Jln Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Ke Z, Wang G, Yang L, Qiu H, Wu H, Du M, Chen J, Song J, Jia X, Feng L. Crude terpene glycoside component from Radix paeoniae rubra protects against isoproterenol-induced myocardial ischemic injury via activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 206:160-169. [PMID: 28549860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Radix paeoniae rubra, also known as chishao (CS), is a frequently used traditional Chinese medicine that can promote blood circulation to remove blood stasis. It has been widely used for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in China. Although terpene glycoside (TG), the major component in CS, has been shown to possess cardioprotective properties, the mechanism underlying CS-TG's preventive effect against myocardial ischemia injury is unknown. This study was conducted to explore the protective and curative effects of CS-TG against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial ischemic injury in rats and investigate the underlying myocardial protective mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rat model of ISO-induced myocardial ischemia was established to evaluate the protective effect of CS-TG in ameliorating heart injury. Myocardial ischemia was induced by administering ISO (40mg/kg/d) subcutaneously for 2 days. Serum was collected and analyzed for the levels of different cardiac biomarkers, and heart tissues were isolated and prepared for ATP analysis, glycogen content determination, histopathology assay, and ultrastructure observation. The regulatory effects of CS-TG on myocardial apoptosis in rats were studied by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining, and the levels of cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 were detected by western blotting. Furthermore, in vitro experiments were conducted to examine whether the CS-TG's cardioprotective effects were linked to the inhibition of apoptosis via activation of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/serine-threonine kinase AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway. RESULTS CS-TG (300mg/kg/d) significantly decreased serum levels of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase in ISO-induced myocardial ischemic rats. Analysis of ATP and glycogen contents, myocardial ultrastructure, and pathological examination showed that CS-TG (300mg/kg/d) significantly improved energy metabolism and alleviated myocardial injury in vivo. In addition, the expression of p-AKT and p-mTOR in rats subjected to CS-TG significantly elevated, while the levels of caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 dramatically reduced. Moreover, treatment with LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, abrogated CS-TG (200μg/mL) induced down-regulation of cleaved caspase-3, Bax/Bcl-2 in the serum. CONCLUSIONS CS-TG protects the heart from ISO-induced myocardial ischemia, potentially by improving cardiac energy metabolism and inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis via activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Thus, CS -TG might be a potential therapeutic candidate for the prevention and treatment of myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongcheng Ke
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huangshan University, Huangshan, Anhui, 245041, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Material Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Material Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Material Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
| | - Huihui Qiu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Material Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Material Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
| | - Mei Du
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Material Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Material Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
| | - Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Material Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Material Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China.
| | - Liang Feng
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Material Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China.
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Zhou L, Ding Q, Jiang GZ, Liu ZN, Wang HY, Zhao GR. Chromosome engineering of Escherichia coli for constitutive production of salvianic acid A. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:84. [PMID: 28511681 PMCID: PMC5434548 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0700-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Salvianic acid A (SAA), a valuable natural product from herbal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza, exhibits excellent antioxidant activities on food industries and efficacious therapeutic potential on cardiovascular diseases. Recently, production of SAA in engineered Escherichia coli was established via the artificial biosynthetic pathway of SAA on the multiple plasmids in our previous work. However, the plasmid-mediated system required to supplement expensive inducers and antibiotics during the fermentation process, restricting scale-up production of SAA. Microbial cell factory would be an attractive approach for constitutive production of SAA by chromosome engineering. Results The limited enzymatic reactions in SAA biosynthetic pathway from glucose were grouped into three modules, which were sequentially integrated into chromosome of engineered E. coli by λ Red homologous recombination method. With starting strain E. coli BAK5, in which the ptsG, pykF, pykA, pheA and tyrR genes were previously deleted, chassis strain BAK11 was constructed for constitutive production of precursor l-tyrosine by replacing the 17.7-kb mao-paa cluster with module 1 (PlacUV5-aroGfbr-tyrAfbr-aroE) and the lacI gene with module 2 (Ptrc-glk-tktA-ppsA). The synthetic 5tacs promoter demonstrated the optimal strength to drive the expression of hpaBC-d-ldhY52A in module 3, which then was inserted at the position between nupG and speC on the chromosome of strain BAK11. The final strain BKD13 produced 5.6 g/L of SAA by fed-batch fermentation in 60 h from glucose without any antibiotics and inducers supplemented. Conclusions The plasmid-free and inducer-free strain for SAA production was developed by targeted integration of the constitutive expression of SAA biosynthetic genes into E. coli chromosome. Our work provides the industrial potential for constitutive production of SAA by the indel microbial cell factory and also sets an example of further producing other valuable natural and unnatural products. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-017-0700-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Qi Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, No. 38 Zhe da Road, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Guo-Zhen Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhen-Ning Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Yangtze River Pharmaceutical Group Co, Ltd., 1 Yangtze River South Road, Taizhou, 225321, China
| | - Guang-Rong Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China. .,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China. .,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China.
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Song T, Chu X, Zhang X, Song Q, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Han X, Zhang J, Chu L. Bufalin, a bufanolide steroid from the parotoid glands of the Chinese toad, inhibits L-type Ca2+
channels and contractility in rat ventricular myocytes. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2017; 31:340-346. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Song
- Hebei Medical University; No. 361, East Zhongshan Road Shijiazhuang 050017 Hebei China
| | - Xi Chu
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University; No. 12, Jiankang Road Shijiazhuang 050011 Hebei China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine; No. 3, Xingyuan Road Shijiazhuang 050200 Hebei China
| | - Qiongtao Song
- Hebei Medical University; No. 361, East Zhongshan Road Shijiazhuang 050017 Hebei China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine; No. 3, Xingyuan Road Shijiazhuang 050200 Hebei China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine; No. 3, Xingyuan Road Shijiazhuang 050200 Hebei China
| | - Xue Han
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine; No. 3, Xingyuan Road Shijiazhuang 050200 Hebei China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine; No. 3, Xingyuan Road Shijiazhuang 050200 Hebei China
| | - Li Chu
- Hebei Medical University; No. 361, East Zhongshan Road Shijiazhuang 050017 Hebei China
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine; No. 3, Xingyuan Road Shijiazhuang 050200 Hebei China
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Yao H, Shi P, Huang X, Shen Z, Su Y, Yang C, Zhu M, Huang L, Liu A, Lin X. A strategy for integrated pharmacokinetic study of cardiovascular herbal medicines based on chemiluminescence and HPLC-MS/MS assays: a case using Danshen injection. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra00001d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A strategy for an integrated PK study based on chemiluminescence assays for cardiovascular herbal medicines with antioxidants as the main effective substances.
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