1
|
Jahn A, Petersen M. Hydroxy(phenyl)pyruvic acid reductase in Actaea racemosa L.: a putative enzyme in cimicifugic and fukinolic acid biosynthesis. Planta 2024; 259:102. [PMID: 38549005 PMCID: PMC10978636 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Hydroxy(phenyl)pyruvic acid reductase from Actaea racemosa catalyzes dual reactions in reducing 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid as well as β-hydroxypyruvic acid. It thus qualifies to be part of fukinolic and cimicifugic acid biosynthesis and also photorespiration. The accumulation of fukinolic acid and cimicifugic acids is mainly restricted to Actaea racemosa (Ranunculaceae) and other species of the genus Actaea/Cimicifuga. Cimicifugic and fukinolic acids are composed of a hydroxycinnamic acid part esterified with a benzyltartaric acid moiety. The biosynthesis of the latter is unclear. We isolated cDNA encoding a hydroxy(phenyl)pyruvic acid reductase (GenBank OR393286) from suspension-cultured material of A. racemosa (ArH(P)PR) and expressed it in E. coli for protein production. The heterologously synthesized enzyme had a mass of 36.51 kDa and catalyzed the NAD(P)H-dependent reduction of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid to 4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid or β-hydroxypyruvic acid to glyceric acid, respectively. The optimal temperature was at 38 °C and the pH optimum at pH 7.5. NADPH is the preferred cosubstrate (Km 23 ± 4 µM). Several substrates are accepted by ArH(P)PR with β-hydroxypyruvic acid (Km 0.26 ± 0.12 mM) followed by 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid (Km 1.13 ± 0.12 mM) as the best ones. Thus, ArH(P)PR has properties of β-hydroxypyruvic acid reductase (involved in photorespiration) as well as hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid reductase (possibly involved in benzyltartaric acid formation).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Jahn
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037, Marburg, Germany
| | - Maike Petersen
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037, Marburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Du H, Liang Y, Li J, Yuan X, Tao F, Dong C, Shen Z, Sui G, Wang P. Directed Evolution of 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Biosensors Based on a Dual Selection System. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1533. [PMID: 38338812 PMCID: PMC10855707 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Biosensors based on allosteric transcription factors have been widely used in synthetic biology. In this study, we utilized the Acinetobacter ADP1 transcription factor PobR to develop a biosensor activating the PpobA promoter when bound to its natural ligand, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4HB). To screen for PobR mutants responsive to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate(HPP), we developed a dual selection system in E. coli. The positive selection of this system was used to enrich PobR mutants that identified the required ligands. The following negative selection eliminated or weakened PobR mutants that still responded to 4HB. Directed evolution of the PobR library resulted in a variant where PobRW177R was 5.1 times more reactive to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate than PobRWT. Overall, we developed an efficient dual selection system for directed evolution of biosensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxuan Du
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.D.); (Y.L.); (J.L.); (F.T.)
- NEFU-China iGEM Team, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
- Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-Like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yaoyao Liang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.D.); (Y.L.); (J.L.); (F.T.)
- NEFU-China iGEM Team, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
- Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-Like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jianing Li
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.D.); (Y.L.); (J.L.); (F.T.)
- NEFU-China iGEM Team, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Xinyao Yuan
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.D.); (Y.L.); (J.L.); (F.T.)
- NEFU-China iGEM Team, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Fenglin Tao
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.D.); (Y.L.); (J.L.); (F.T.)
- NEFU-China iGEM Team, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Chengjie Dong
- NEFU-China iGEM Team, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
- Aulin College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zekai Shen
- School of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Guangchao Sui
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.D.); (Y.L.); (J.L.); (F.T.)
- NEFU-China iGEM Team, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
- Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-Like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Aulin College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Pengchao Wang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.D.); (Y.L.); (J.L.); (F.T.)
- NEFU-China iGEM Team, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
- Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-Like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Aulin College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhizhin KY, Turyshev ES, Shpigun LK, Gorobtsov PY, Simonenko NP, Simonenko TL, Kuznetsov NT. Poly(vinyl chloride)/Nanocarbon Composites for Advanced Potentiometric Membrane Sensor Design. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1124. [PMID: 38256194 PMCID: PMC10816362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites filled with carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) are a hot topic in materials science. This article discusses the current research on the use of these materials as interfacial electron transfer films for solid contact potentiometric membrane sensors (SC-PMSs). The results of a comparative study of plasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (pPVC) matrices modified with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), fullerenes-C60, and their hybrid ensemble (SWCNTs-C60) are reported. The morphological characteristics and electrical conductivity of the prepared nanostructured composite films are reported. It was found that the specific electrical conductivity of the pPVC/SWCNTs-C60 polymer film was higher than that of pPVC filled with individual nanocomponents. The effectiveness of this composite material as an electron transfer film in a new potentiometric membrane sensor for detecting phenylpyruvic acid (in anionic form) was demonstrated. Screening for this metabolic product of phenylalanine in body fluids is of significant diagnostic interest in phenylketonuria (dementia), viral hepatitis, and alcoholism. The developed sensor showed a stable and fast Nernstian response for phenylpyruvate ions in aqueous solutions over the wide linear concentration range of 5 × 10-7-1 × 10-3 M, with a detection limit of 10-7.2 M.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Evgeniy S. Turyshev
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.Y.Z.); (P.Y.G.); (N.P.S.); (T.L.S.)
| | - Liliya K. Shpigun
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.Y.Z.); (P.Y.G.); (N.P.S.); (T.L.S.)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hu KS, Chen CL, Ding HR, Wang TY, Zhu Q, Zhou YC, Chen JM, Mei JQ, Hu S, Huang J, Zhao WR, Mei LH. Production of Salvianic Acid A from l-DOPA via Biocatalytic Cascade Reactions. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27186088. [PMID: 36144828 PMCID: PMC9501478 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvianic acid A (SAA), as the main bioactive component of the traditional Chinese herb Salvia miltiorrhiza, has important application value in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, a two-step bioprocess for the preparation of SAA from l-DOPA was developed. In the first step, l-DOPA was transformed to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DHPPA) using engineered Escherichia coli cells expressing membrane-bound L-amino acid deaminase from Proteus vulgaris. After that, the unpurified DHPPA was directly converted into SAA by permeabilized recombinant E. coli cells co-expressing d-lactate dehydrogenase from Pediococcus acidilactici and formate dehydrogenase from Mycobacterium vaccae N10. Under optimized conditions, 48.3 mM of SAA could be prepared from 50 mM of l-DOPA, with a yield of 96.6%. Therefore, the bioprocess developed here was not only environmentally friendly, but also exhibited excellent production efficiency and, thus, is promising for industrial SAA production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Shun Hu
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Chong Le Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Huan Ru Ding
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Tian Yu Wang
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Qin Zhu
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Yi Chen Zhou
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jia Min Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jia Qi Mei
- Hangzhou Huadong Medicine Group Co. Ltd., Hangzhou 310011, China
| | - Sheng Hu
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Wei Rui Zhao
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
- Correspondence: (W.R.Z.); (L.H.M.); Tel.: +86-574-881-301-30 (W.R.Z.); +86-571-879-531-61(L.H.M.)
| | - Le He Mei
- School of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Jinhua Advanced Research Institute, Jinhua 321019, China
- Correspondence: (W.R.Z.); (L.H.M.); Tel.: +86-574-881-301-30 (W.R.Z.); +86-571-879-531-61(L.H.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nan JX, Yang JF, Lin HY, Yan YC, Zhou SM, Wei XF, Chen Q, Yang WC, Qu RY, Yang GF. Synthesis and Herbicidal Activity of Triketone-Aminopyridines as Potent p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase Inhibitors. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:5734-5745. [PMID: 33999624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exploring novel p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.27, HPPD) inhibitors has become one of the most promising research directions in herbicide innovation. On the basis of our tremendous interest in exploiting more powerful HPPD inhibitors, we designed a family of benzyl-containing triketone-aminopyridines via a structure-based drug design (SBDD) strategy and then synthesized them. Among these prepared derivatives, the best active 3-hydroxy-2-(3,5,6-trichloro-4-((4-isopropylbenzyl)amino)picolinoyl)cyclohex-2-en-1-one (23, IC50 = 0.047 μM) exhibited a 5.8-fold enhancement in inhibiting Arabidopsis thaliana (At) HPPD activity over that of commercial mesotrione (IC50 = 0.273 μM). The predicted docking models and calculated energy contributions of the key residues for small molecules suggested that an additional π-π stacking interaction with Phe-392 and hydrophobic contacts with Met-335 and Pro-384 were detected in AtHPPD upon the binding of the best active compound 23 compared with that of the reference mesotrione. Such a molecular mechanism and the resulting binding affinities coincide with the proposed design scheme and experimental values. It is noteworthy that inhibitors 16 (3-hydroxy-2-(3,5,6-trichloro-4-((4-chlorobenzyl)amino)picolinoyl)cyclohex-2-en-1-one), 22 (3-hydroxy-2-(3,5,6-trichloro-4-((4-methylbenzyl)amino)picolinoyl)cyclohex-2-en-1-one), and 23 displayed excellent greenhouse herbicidal effects at 150 g of active ingredient (ai)/ha after postemergence treatment. Furthermore, compound 16 showed superior weed-controlling efficacy against Setaria viridis (S. viridis) versus that of the positive control mesotrione at multiple test dosages (120, 60, and 30 g ai/ha). These findings imply that compound 16, as a novel lead of HPPD inhibitors, possesses great potential for application in specifically combating the malignant weed S. viridis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xu Nan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yao-Chao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Meng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Fang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Ren-Yu Qu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
In cases where there is known to be a disturbance of metabolism it is natural to speculate upon the possible site of dysfunction in the organs and tissues of the body.In phenylketonuria the basic biochemical error is a disordered metabolism of phenylalanine, the patient being unable to dispose of this substance at a normal rate (Jervis et al., 1940). The phenylpyruvic acid in the urine of phenylketonuric patients is derived from a deamination of phenylalanine in the kidney.
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang M, Toda K, Maeda HA. Biochemical properties and subcellular localization of tyrosine aminotransferases in Arabidopsis thaliana. Phytochemistry 2016; 132:16-25. [PMID: 27726859 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce various L-tyrosine (Tyr)-derived compounds that are of pharmaceutical or nutritional importance to humans. Tyr aminotransferase (TAT) catalyzes the reversible transamination between Tyr and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP), the initial step in the biosynthesis of many Tyr-derived plant natural products. Herein reported is the biochemical characterization and subcellular localization of TAT enzymes from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Arabidopsis has at least two homologous TAT genes, At5g53970 (AtTAT1) and At5g36160 (AtTAT2). Their recombinant enzymes showed distinct biochemical properties: AtTAT1 had the highest activity towards Tyr, while AtTAT2 exhibited a broad substrate specificity for both amino and keto acid substrates. Also, AtTAT1 favored the direction of Tyr deamination to HPP, whereas AtTAT2 preferred transamination of HPP to Tyr. Subcellular localization analysis using GFP-fusion proteins and confocal microscopy showed that AtTAT1, AtTAT2, and HPP dioxygenase (HPPD), which catalyzes the subsequent step of TAT, are localized in the cytosol, unlike plastid-localized Tyr and tocopherol biosynthetic enzymes. Furthermore, subcellular fractionation indicated that, while HPPD activity is restricted to the cytosol, TAT activity is detected in both cytosolic and plastidic fractions of Arabidopsis leaf tissue, suggesting that an unknown aminotransferase(s) having TAT activity is also present in the plastids. Biochemical and cellular analyses of Arabidopsis TATs provide a fundamental basis for future in vivo studies and metabolic engineering for enhanced production of Tyr-derived phytochemicals in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Wang
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Kyoko Toda
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Institute of Crop Science, NARO, 2-1-18 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8518, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi A Maeda
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Killeen DP, Larsen L, Dayan FE, Gordon KC, Perry NB, van Klink JW. Nortriketones: Antimicrobial Trimethylated Acylphloroglucinols from Ma̅nuka (Leptospermum scoparium). J Nat Prod 2016; 79:564-569. [PMID: 26731565 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Four trimethylated acylphloroglucinols (5-8) have been isolated from ma̅nuka (Leptospermum scoparium) foliage. Apart from myrigalone A (8), which has previously been isolated from European bog myrtle (Myrica gale), these compounds have not been characterized before. The nortriketones are structurally similar to the bioactive tetramethylated β-triketones from ma̅nuka, but have one less ring methyl group. Two oxidized trimethylated compounds, 9 and 10, were also isolated, but these are likely isolation artifacts. When evaluated for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, myrigalone A (8) was slightly less potent (MIC 64 μg/mL) than the corresponding tetramethylated compound, grandiflorone (4) (MIC 16-32 μg/mL). Unlike their tetramethylated analogues, the nortriketones were inactive against the herbicide target enzyme p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase. The Raman spectra of leaf oil glands in different ma̅nuka varieties can be used to distinguish plants that contain nortriketones from those that accumulate triketones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Franck E Dayan
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture , University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
GJESSING LR, BORUD O. Studies of Functional Neural Tumors VII. Urinary Excretion of Phenolic Pyruvic Acids. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2009; 17:80-4. [PMID: 14260758 DOI: 10.3109/00365516509077287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
10
|
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
Huang M, Yang DY, Shang Z, Zou J, Yu Q. 3D-QSAR studies on 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase inhibitors by comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2002; 12:2271-5. [PMID: 12161114 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00432-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) of alkanoic acid 3-oxo-cyclohex-1-enyl ester and 2-acylcyclohexane-1,3-dione derivatives of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase inhibitors has been performed to determine the factors required for the activity of these compounds. The substrate's conformation abstracted from dynamic modeling of the enzyme-substrate complex was used to build the initial structures of the inhibitors. Satisfactory results were obtained after an all-space searching procedure, performing a leave-one out (LOO) cross-validation study with cross-validation q(2) and conventional r(2) values of 0.779 and 0.989, respectively. The results provide the tools for predicting the affinity of related compounds, and for guiding the design and synthesis of new HPPD ligands with predetermined affinities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meilan Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nishinaga A, Cahnmann HJ, Kon H, Matsuura T. Model reactions for the biosynthesis of thyroxine. XII. Nature of a thyroxine precursor formed in the synthesis of thyroxine from diiodotyrosine and its keto acid analog. Biochemistry 2002; 7:388-97. [PMID: 5758555 DOI: 10.1021/bi00841a049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
15
|
FOLLING A, SYDNES S. A method for the estimation of phenylpyruvic acid in urine with some examples of its use in dietary treatment of phenylpyruvic oligophrenia. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2000; 10:355-8. [PMID: 13615238 DOI: 10.3109/00365515809051236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
16
|
Abstract
Enzymes from mung bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) convert prephenic acid to phenylalanine and tyrosine. In addition to glutamate NADP was required for the production of tyrosine but no cofactor appeared necessary for the formation of phenylalanine. Prephenic acid was produced by growing the auxotroph, Escherichia coli, 58-278, in 20 liters of medium in fermenters at 30 °C. From 275 to 325 mg of prephenic acid was obtained per liter. The culture nitrates were concentrated, and the prephenic acid adsorbed and eluted from Dowex 1 resin and charcoal before being recovered in 40–50% yield as the crystalline barium salt.
Collapse
|
17
|
MORGAN PN, GIBSON MI, GIBSON F. THE CONVERSION OF SHIKIMIC ACID INTO CERTAIN AROMATIC COMPOUNDS BY CELL-FREE EXTRACTS OF AEROBACTER AEROGENES AND ESCHERICHIA COLI. Biochem J 1996; 89:229-39. [PMID: 14084606 PMCID: PMC1202350 DOI: 10.1042/bj0890229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
18
|
|
19
|
|
20
|
PREVIC EP, BINKLEY SB. SLOW EXPONENTIAL GROWTH OF ESCHERICHIA COLI IN PRESENCE OF RHO-FLUOROPHENYLALANINE. EFFECT OF THE ANALOG ON AROMATIC BIOSYNTHESIS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 87:277-90. [PMID: 14192367 DOI: 10.1016/0926-6550(64)90223-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
21
|
Abstract
A strain of Pseudomanas isolated from soil with cinnamic acid as a sole carbon source was found to be simultaneously adapted to the utilization of cinnamic acid and phenylpropionic acid. During growth on either of these compounds, o-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid and 2,3-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid were produced in the culture medium. The organism, when grown on either cinnamic acid or phenylpropionic acid, was adapted to the utilization of m-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid and 2,3-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid, but not to the utilization of o-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid. According to the principle of sequential induction introduced by Stanier, the initial steps in the metabolism of cinnamic acid appear to involve the intermediates phenylpropionic acid, m-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid, and 2,3-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid.
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
|
24
|
|
25
|
Walter J, Bode W. The X-ray crystal structure analysis of the refined complex formed by bovine trypsin and p-amidinophenylpyruvate at 1.4 A resolution. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem 1983; 364:949-59. [PMID: 6629332 DOI: 10.1515/bchm2.1983.364.2.949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The X-ray crystal structure of the complex formed by bovine beta-trypsin and the potent small inhibitor p-amidinophenylpyruvate at pH 7.6, has been determined by difference Fourier methods at 1.4 A resolution and subsequently refined to a crystallographic R value of 0.191, applying diagonal matrix least-squares procedures including energy constraints. The amidino and the phenyl group of this inhibitor are bound to the specificity pocket, essentially as previously observed in benzamidine-trypsin. The reactive Ser195 O gamma of trypsin forms a covalent bond of length 1.7 A to the carbonyl carbon of the pyruvate group. The hybridization of this carbonyl carbon is just between trigonal and tetrahedral. The imidazole ring of His57 is in a correct orientation to form bonds via its N epsilon 2 hydrogen to one of the carboxylate oxygens of p-amidinophenylpyruvate and to Ser195 O gamma. The probable proton shift makes Ser195 O gamma more nucleophilic and the attacked carbonyl carbon of p-amidinophenylpyruvate more electrophilic and thus facilitates bond formation. These specific interactions offer a qualitative explanation for the unique binding properties of p-amidinophenylpyruvate and for the applicability of the quantitative structure-activity relations previously found by Markwardt and coworkers for three series of p-amidinophenylalkanone compounds with carbonyl groups in alpha-, beta- and gamma-position to the phenyl ring.
Collapse
|
26
|
Rehse K, Kapp WD. [5-(Amidinobenzyl) barbituric acids that are analogous to 3-(4-amidinophenyl) pyruvic acid (author's transl)]. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 1982; 315:346-53. [PMID: 7092513 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.19823150412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
27
|
Di Cola D, Federici G. NADH-coupled spectrophotometric assay of tyrosine aminotransferase. Ital J Biochem 1981; 30:30-39. [PMID: 6114076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A rapid spectrophotometric method for estimation of tyrosine aminotransferase activity (TAT) is described, based on a coupled reaction with NADH-dependent aromatic ketoacid reductase. 3-iodo-L-tyrosine, upon TAT action, is transformed into 3-iodo-4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate which quickly reacts with NADH in the presence of aromatic ketoacid reductase; oxidation rates at 340 nm are linear with protein concentration over the whole range of purification steps of TAT. This new method, for its sensitivity, easy performance and possibility of a continuous monitoring of TAT reaction, may be considered comparable to the more diffuse spectrophotometric standard method, and also as an alternative, advantageous procedure in some instances. The method for purification of the coupled aromatic ketoacid reductase is also described.
Collapse
|
28
|
Powell JT, Morrison JF. Enzyme-enzyme interaction and the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids in Escherichia coli. Biochim Biophys Acta 1979; 568:467-74. [PMID: 385057 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(79)90315-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The technique of affinity chromatography has been used to demonstrate that enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of tyrosine and phenylalanine in Escherichia coli undergo reversible interactions. Thus it has been shown that the aromatic amino acid aminotransferase (aromatic-amino-acid: 2-oxoglutarate amino-transferase, EC 2.6.1.57) reacts specifically with chorismate mutaseprephenate dehydrogenase (chorismate pyruvate mutase, EC 5.4.99.5 and prephenate: NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating), EC 1.3.1.12) in the absence of reactants and with chorimate mutase-prephenatedehydratase (prephenate hydro-lyase (decarboxylating), EC 4.2.1.51) in the presence of phyenylpyruvate. Tyrosine causes dissociation of the aminotransferase: mutasedehydrogenase complex while dissociation of the aminotransferase-mutasedehydratase complex occurs on omission of phenylpyruvate. Only the active form of chorismate mutase-prephenate dehydrogenase participates in complex formation.
Collapse
|
29
|
Brown E, Joyeau R. Use of p-aminophenyl D and L-lactic acids and p-aminophenyl pyruvic acid as effectors in the affinity chromatography of lactate dehydrogenase. Biochimie 1979; 61:437-42. [PMID: 454696 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9084(79)80140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
p-Aminophenyl pyruvic acid and D-p-amino-phenyllactic acid were immobilized on a new synthetic acrylic carrier bearing acylating N-succinimidyl ester groups. The derivatives obtained were used successfully to purify lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) by affinity chromatography, the elution being carried out by means of NADH or preferably L-phenyllactic acid. Moreover, the specific activity of the LDH contained in a human blood serum was increased 270 times, using L-p-aminophenyllactic acid immobilized on a mixed polyacrylic agarose carrier.
Collapse
|
30
|
|
31
|
|
32
|
Saito I, Chujo Y, Shimazu H, Yamane M, Matsuura T. Nonenzymic oxidation of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid with singlet oxygen to homogentisic acid. A model for the action of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate hydroxylase. J Am Chem Soc 1975; 97:5272-7. [PMID: 1165361 DOI: 10.1021/ja00851a042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
33
|
Abstract
1. Studies on the kinetics of pyruvate transport into mitochondria by an 'inhibitor-stop' technique were hampered by the decarboxylation of pyruvate by mitochondria even in the presence of rotenone. Decarboxylation was minimal at 6 degrees C. At this temperature the Km for pyruvate was 0.15 mM and Vmax. was 0.54nmol/min per mg of protein; alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate was found to be a non-competitive inhibitor, Ki 6.3 muM, and phenyl-pyruvate a competitive inhibitor, Ki 1.8 mM. 2. At 100 muM concentration, alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate rapidly and almost totally inhibited O2 uptake by rat heart mitochondria oxidizing pyruvate. Inhibition could be detected at concentrations of inhibitor as low as 1 muM although inhibition took time to develop at this concentration. Inhibition could be reversed by diluting out the inhibitor. 3. Various analogues of alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate were tested on rat liver and heart mitochondria. The important structural features appeared to be the alpha-cyanopropenoate group and the hydrophobic aromatic side chain. Alpha-Cyanocinnamate, alpha-cyano-5-phenyl-2,4-pentadienoate and compound UK 5099 [alpha-cyano-beta-(2-phenylindol-3-yl)acrylate] were all more powerful inhibitors than alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate showing 50% inhibition of pyruvate-dependent O2 consumption by rat heart mitochondria at concentrations of 200, 200 and 50 nM respectively. 4. The specificity of the carrier for its substrate was studied by both influx and efflux experiments. Oxamate, 2-oxobutyrate, phenylpyruvate, 2-oxo-4-methyl-pentanoate, chloroacetate, dichloroacetate, difluoroacetate, 2-chloropropionate, 3-chloropropionate and 2,2-dichloropropionate all exchanged with pyruvate, whereas acetate, lactate and trichloroacetate did not. 5. Pyruvate entry into the mitochondria was shown to be accompanied by the transport of a proton (or by exchange with an OH-ion). This proton flux was inhibited by alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate and allowed measurements of pyruvate transport at higher temperatures to be made. The activation energy of mitochondrial pyruvate transport was found to be 113 kJ (27 kcal)/mol and by extrapolation the rate of transport of pyruvate at 37 degrees C to be 42 nmol/min per mg of protein. The possibility that pyruvate transport into mitochondria may be rate limiting and involved in the regulation of gluconegenesis is discussed. 6. The transport of various monocarboxylic acids into mitochondria was studied by monitoring proton influx. The transport of dichloroacetate, difluoroacetate and oxamate appeared to be largely dependent on the pyruvate carrier and could be inhibited by pyruvate-transport inhibitors. However, many other halogenated and 2-oxo acids which could exchange with pyruvate on the carrier entered freely even in the presence of inhibitor.
Collapse
|
34
|
Cilento G, Nakano M, Fukuyama H, Suwa K, Kamiya I. Chemiluminescence in the autoxidation of the pyruvic acid analogues of a thyroid hormone and related molecules. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1974; 58:296-300. [PMID: 4831074 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(74)90926-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
35
|
|
36
|
Chalmers RA, Liberman M, Watts RW. Proceedings: Biochemical studies on a patient with features suggestive of hereditary tyrosinaemia. Clin Sci Mol Med 1974; 46:14P. [PMID: 4817255 DOI: 10.1042/cs046014pa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
37
|
Whelan DT, Zannoni VG. Microassay of tyrosine-amino transferase and p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid oxidase in mammalian liver and patients with hereditary tyrosinemia. Biochem Med 1974; 9:19-31. [PMID: 4150247 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2944(74)90079-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
38
|
Ip CC, Harper AE. Effects of dietary protein content and glucagon administration on tyrosine metabolism and tyrosine toxicity in the rat. J Nutr 1973; 103:1594-607. [PMID: 4148059 DOI: 10.1093/jn/103.11.1594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
|
39
|
Andrews PR, Smith GD, Young IG. Transition-state stabilization and enzymic catalysis. Kinetic and molecular orbital studies of the rearrangement of chorismate to prephenate. Biochemistry 1973; 12:3492-8. [PMID: 4731190 DOI: 10.1021/bi00742a022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
40
|
|
41
|
Holbrook JJ, Stinson RA. The use of ternary complexes to study ionizations and isomerizations during catalysis by lactate dehydrogenase. Biochem J 1973; 131:739-48. [PMID: 4352914 PMCID: PMC1177533 DOI: 10.1042/bj1310739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
1. The binding of oxamate to pig heart and pig muscle isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogenase in the presence of NADH was studied by fluorescence titration. The dissociation constant of oxamate from the heart enzyme complex is 3mum and from the muscle isoenzyme 25mum at pH5. These values quantitatively increase with pH as predicted if oxamate can bind only to the enzyme-NADH complex if a group with pK6.9 is protonated. There are four non-interacting oxamate-binding sites per tetramer. 2. o-Nitrophenylpyruvate is a poor substrate for both isoenzymes but has a reasonable affinity to the heart isoenzyme. Initially, it forms an enzyme-NADH-substrate complex, which can be detected either by protein-fluorescence quenching or by NADH-fluorescence quenching. The pH-dependence of the dissociation constant of nitrophenylpyruvate also shows that this ternary complex can only form if a group with pK6.8 is protonated. Taken with the results of chemical-modification experiments, these results allow the pK of 6.8 to be assigned to a system probably involving the imidazole side chain of histidine-195. Formation of a ternary complex from a binary one at pH8 is predicted to result in a proton being taken up from solution. 3. Isotope-effect studies with NADH and its deuterium analogue show that the rapidly formed ternary complex with o-nitrophenylpyruvate slowly isomerizes to give an active ternary complex, which then rapidly decomposes to NAD(+). The isomerization is pH-independent, and it is suggested that histidine-195 is still protonated in the activated ternary complex, which is present before hydride transfer. 4. All four subunits of the enzyme are kinetically equivalent with respect to the oxidation of bound NADH by o-nitrophenylpyruvate. 5. A partial mechanism for the enzyme is described which emphasizes the isomerizations and ionizations involved in forming the reduced ternary complex at pH6 and 8.
Collapse
|
42
|
Rhodes HJ, Kluza RB, Blake MI. Deuterium isotope effect in enzymatic transamination of L-deuterio-phenylalanine to deuterio-phenylpyruvic acid. J Pharm Sci 1973; 62:59-64. [PMID: 4682934 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600620110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
43
|
Printz MP, Gounaris AD. Substrate- and inhibitor-induced conformational changes in enzymes measured by tritium-hydrogen exchange. II. Yeast pyruvate decarboxylase. J Biol Chem 1972; 247:7109-15. [PMID: 4638542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
|
44
|
|
45
|
Fellman JH, Fujita TS, Roth ES. Assay, properties and tissue distribution of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate hydroxylase. Biochim Biophys Acta 1972; 284:90-100. [PMID: 4627454 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(72)90048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
46
|
Abstract
1. Oxygen was taken up rapidly when pyruvate was added to mixtures of pyridoxamine and Mn(2+) ions after lag periods that were shortened by peroxidase (donor-hydrogen peroxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.11.1.7). 2. The total oxygen uptake was proportional to the pyridoxamine added and was accompanied by the disappearance of pyridoxamine; the pyruvate acted catalytically and hydrogen peroxide was not formed. 3. At pH6 more than half the pyridoxamine that disappeared was accounted for as pyridoxal and ammonia; it is suggested that the primary reaction is the oxidative deamination of the pyridoxamine. 4. Results were similar when alpha-oxobutyrate or glyoxylate were substituted for pyruvate, except that the reactions were slower and the yield of pyridoxal less. 5. The oxidative decarboxylations of alpha-oxoglutarate and phenylpyruvate are catalysed by Mn(2+) ions and these reactions are activated by peroxidase; pyridoxamine increased both the rates and total oxygen uptakes in these reactions, and ammonia was produced. 6. The lag periods in the oxidation of mixtures of pyridoxamine and alpha-oxo acids, catalysed by Mn(2+) ions, were also shortened by traces of colloidal manganese dioxide. 7. It is suggested that the activating effect of peroxidase depends on its catalysis of manganese oxidation.
Collapse
|
47
|
|
48
|
|
49
|
Abstract
1. An enzyme present in rat liver extracts degraded insoluble collagen maximally at pH3.5. Collagenolytic activity was more abundant in kidney, spleen and bone marrow and was also present in decreasing concentrations in ileum, lung, heart, skin and muscle. 2. The crude collagenolytic cathepsin was activated by cysteine and dithiothreitol, but not by 2-mercaptoethanol. Iodoacetamide, p-chloromercuribenzoate and 7-amino-1-chloro-3-l-tosylamidoheptan-2-one hydrochloride inhibited the enzyme. Zn(2+), Fe(3+) and Hg(2+) ions were strongly inhibitory, but Ca(2+), Co(2+), Mg(2+) and Fe(2+) ions had little or no effect. EDTA was an activator of the enzyme. Inhibitors of cathepsin B were found to enhance collagenolysis, but phenylpyruvic acid, a cathepsin D inhibitor, inhibited the enzyme. Di-isopropyl phosphorofluoridate had no effect. 3. Collagenolysis at pH3.5 and 28 degrees C was restricted to cleavage of the telopeptide region in insoluble collagen, and the material that was solubilized consisted mostly of alpha-chains. 4. The collagenolytic cathepsin was separated from cathepsins B2 and D by fractionation on Sephadex G-100 and a partial separation from cathepsin B1 was obtained by chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex. 5. The function of the collagenolytic cathepsin in the catabolism of collagen is discussed in relation to the action of the other lysosomal proteinases and the neutral collagenase.
Collapse
|
50
|
|