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Xu Y, Chen C, Cai J, Lin L, Song W, Yang K, Zhao Y, Wen C, Wei J, Liu Z. Comparative analysis of sipeimine content, metabolome and chloroplast genome in cultivated and wild varieties of Fritillaria taipaiensis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 38630097 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The wild variety Fritillaria taipaiensis E.B (EB) is known for its superior therapeutic effects, but its limited production cannot meet demand. As a result, the cultivated variety F. taipaiensis P. Y. Li (PY) has been widely grown. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis comparing EB and PY in terms of external features, sipeimine content, metabolome and chloroplast genome to differentiate these two varieties. RESULTS Our research revealed that the petals and pods of EB are green, while those of PY have purple markings. The bulbs of EB contain significantly higher levels of sipeimine compared to those of PY. Metabolomic analysis identified 56 differentially expressed metabolites (DMs), with 23 upregulated and 33 downregulated in EB bulbs. Particularly, 3-hydroxycinnamic acid and secoxyloganin may serve as distinctive DMs. These DMs were associated with 17 KEGG pathways, including pyrimidine metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and galactose metabolism. Differences in the length of the chloroplast genome were primarily observed in the large single-copy (LSC) region, with the largest variation in the trnH-GUC-psbA region. The placement of the trnH gene and the rps gene in proximity to the LSC/IRb boundary differs between EB and PY. CONCLUSION The results of this study provide valuable insights for the introduction and comprehensive development of wild F. taipaiensis from a scientific perspective. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cun Chen
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Cai
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Lin
- NeiJiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Neijiang, China
| | - Wei Song
- NeiJiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Neijiang, China
| | - Kexin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiran Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chun Wen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhibin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Zhou A, Li X, Zou J, Wu L, Cheng B, Wang J. Discovery of potential quality markers of Fritillariae thunbergii bulbus in pneumonia by combining UPLC-QTOF-MS, network pharmacology, and molecular docking. Mol Divers 2024; 28:787-804. [PMID: 36843054 PMCID: PMC9968501 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Fritillariae thunbergii bulbus (FTB) is a popular Chinese herbal medicine with various applications in respiratory diseases. The quality evaluation of FTB has been insufficient to date, as the active ingredients and mechanisms of action of FTB remain unclear. This study proposes a novel strategy for exploring the quality markers (Q-markers) of FTB based on UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. A total of 26 compounds in FTB were identified by UPLC-QTOF-MS. Ten of these compounds were screened as Q-markers based on network pharmacology for their anti-pneumonia effects, including imperialine, peimisine, peiminine, ebeiedinone, zhebeirine, puqiedine, 9-hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid, (9Z,12Z,15Z)-13-hydroxy-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, and (2E,4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-2,4,7,10,13,16,19-docosaheptaenoic acid methyl ester (DAME). These Q-markers were predicted to act on multiple targets and pathways associated with pneumonia. Molecular docking results revealed that most of the Q-markers showed high affinity with at least one of the main targets of pneumonia, and the top ten complexes were confirmed with MD simulation. Network pharmacology indicated that FTB may act on the TNF signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, etc. The results demonstrated that imperialine (P8), peimisine (P9), peiminine (P11), ebeiedine (P15), zhebeirine (P16), and puqiedine (P18) may be potential Q-markers of FTB, and AKT1, IL-6, VEGFA, TP53, EGFR, STAT3, PPARG, MMP9, and CASP3 may be promising therapeutic targets for pneumonia treatment that are worthy of further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizhen Zhou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University, Ningbo, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Li
- Ningbo Kunpeng Biotech Co., LTD, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zou
- Ningbo Haishu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University, Ningbo, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University, Ningbo, 315000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University, Ningbo, 315000, People's Republic of China.
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Zhu JQ, Tian YY, Chan KL, Hu Z, Xu QQ, Lin ZX, Xian YF. Modified Qing-Zao-Jiu-Fei decoction attenuated pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin in rats via modulating Nrf2/NF-κB and MAPKs pathways. Chin Med 2024; 19:10. [PMID: 38229198 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00882-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Qing-Zao-Jiu-Fei Decoction (QZJFD) is a famous herbal formula commonly prescribed for the treatment of lung-related diseases in the ancient and modern times. Trichosanthis Fructus (TF) and Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus (FTB) are widely used for treatment of cough and pulmonary disease. In order to identify a more effective formula for treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, we intend to add TF and FTB in QZJFD to form a modified QZJFD (MQZJFD). In this study, we aims to explore MQZJFD as an innovative therapeutic agent for pulmonary fibrosis using bleomycin (BLM)-treated rats and to unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS BLM was given to SD rats by intra-tracheal administration of a single dose of BLM (5 mg/kg). QZJFD (3 g/kg) and MQZJFD (1, 2 and 4 g/kg) was given intragastrically daily to rats for 14 days (from day 15 to 28) after BLM administration for 14 consecutive days. RESULTS MQZJFD was found to contain 0.29% of amygdalin, 0.020% of lutin, 0.077% of glycyrrhizic acid and 0.047% of chlorogenic acid. BLM treatment could induce collagen deposition in the lung tissues of rats, indicating that the pulmonary fibrosis rat model had been successfully established. MQZJFD have better effects than the original QZJFD in reducing the pulmonary structure damage and collagen deposition of rat lung fibrosis induced by BLM. MQZJFD could reduce the hydroxyproline content in lung tissues of BLM-treated rats. The biomarkers of fibrosis such as matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), collagen I and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were remarkably reduced after treatment with MQZJFD. MQZJFD also have anti-oxidant stress effects by inhibiting the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), but enhancing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the level of glutathione (GSH) in the lung tissues of BLM-treated rats. Moreover, the MQZJFD markedly suppressed the over expressions of p-p65/p65 and p-IκBα/IκBα, but upregulated the Nrf2. MQZJFD also suppressed the protein expressions of p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2, p-p38/p38 and p-JNK/JNK in the lung tissues of BLM-treated rats. CONCLUSIONS MQZJFD could improve the pulmonary fibrosis induced by BLM in rats via inhibiting the fibrosis and oxidative stress via suppressing the activation of NF-κB/Nrf2 and MAPKs pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qian Zhu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yang Tian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Kam Leung Chan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
- Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Hu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Qing Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xiu Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
- Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R&D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan-Fang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
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Chen Y, Li Y, Zhang S. Research on image recognition of three Fritillaria cirrhosa species based on deep learning. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19486. [PMID: 37945637 PMCID: PMC10636039 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46191-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the deep learning method, a network model that can quickly and accurately identify the species of Fritillaria cirrhosa species was constructed. The learning method based on deep residual convolutional neural network was used to input the unprocessed original image directly as input, and the features of the image were extracted through convolution and pooling operations. On this basis, the ResNet34 model was improved, and the additional fully connected layer was added in front of the Softmax classifier to improve the learning ability of the network model. Total of 3915 images of three kinds of Fritillaria cirrhosa were used as data sources for the experiments, among which 160 images of each type were randomly selected to form the validation set. The final training set recognition accuracy rate was 95.8%, the validation set accuracy rate reached 92.3%, and the test set accuracy rate was 88.7%. The image recognition method of Fritillaria cirrhosa based on deep learning proposed in this paper is effective and feasible, which can quickly and accurately identify the species of Fritillaria cirrhosa species, and provides a new idea for the intelligent recognition of Chinese medicinal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiu Chen
- Hunan Food and Drug Vocational College, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yuyan Li
- Hunan Food and Drug Vocational College, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
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Ye L, Fan S, Zhao P, Wu C, Liu M, Hu S, Wang P, Wang H, Bi H. Potential herb‒drug interactions between anti-COVID-19 drugs and traditional Chinese medicine. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023:S2211-3835(23)00203-4. [PMID: 37360014 PMCID: PMC10239737 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread worldwide. Effective treatments against COVID-19 remain urgently in need although vaccination significantly reduces the incidence, hospitalization, and mortality. At present, antiviral drugs including Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir (PaxlovidTM), Remdesivir, and Molnupiravir have been authorized to treat COVID-19 and become more globally available. On the other hand, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for the treatment of epidemic diseases for a long history. Currently, various TCM formulae against COVID-19 such as Qingfei Paidu decoction, Xuanfei Baidu granule, Huashi Baidu granule, Jinhua Qinggan granule, Lianhua Qingwen capsule, and Xuebijing injection have been widely used in clinical practice in China, which may cause potential herb-drug interactions (HDIs) in patients under treatment with antiviral drugs and affect the efficacy and safety of medicines. However, information on potential HDIs between the above anti-COVID-19 drugs and TCM formulae is lacking, and thus this work seeks to summarize and highlight potential HDIs between antiviral drugs and TCM formulae against COVID-19, and especially pharmacokinetic HDIs mediated by metabolizing enzymes and/or transporters. These well-characterized HDIs could provide useful information on clinical concomitant medicine use to maximize clinical outcomes and minimize adverse and toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ye
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Shicheng Fan
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China
| | - Chenghua Wu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Menghua Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Shuang Hu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Peng Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
| | - Huichang Bi
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
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Wang SH, Wang YQ, Wang QQ, Wang L, Zhang QY, Tu PF. Steroidal alkaloids from the bulbs of Fritillaria unibracteata var. wabuensis and their anti-inflammatory activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 209:113640. [PMID: 36906138 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fourteen previously undescribed steroidal alkaloids, including six jervine-type, wabujervine A-E and wabujerside A, seven cevanine-type, wabucevanine A-G, and one secolanidin-type, wabusesolanine A, along with thirteen known steroidal alkaloids, were isolated from the bulbs of Fritillaria unibracteata var. wabuensis. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of IR, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, their structures were elucidated. In the zebrafish acute inflammatory models, nine compounds showed anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yu-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qi-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Le Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qing-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Integrated computational and experimental approach for novel anti-leishmanial molecules by targeting Dephospho-coenzyme A kinase. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123441. [PMID: 36708902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Coenzyme A acts as a necessary cofactor for many enzymes and is a part of many biochemical processes. One of the critical enzymes involved in Coenzyme A synthesis is Dephospho-coenzyme A-kinase (DPCK). In this study, we have used integrated computational and experimental approaches for promising inhibitors of DPCK using the natural products available in the ZINC database for anti-leishmanial drug development. The top hit compounds chosen after molecular docking were Veratramine, Azulene, Hupehenine, and Hederagenin. The free binding energy of Veratramine, Azulene, Hupehenine, and Hederagenin was estimated. Besides the favourable binding point, the ligands also showed good hydrogen bonding and other interactions with key residues of the enzyme's active site. The natural compounds were also experimentally investigated for their effect on the L. donovani promastigotes and murine macrophage (J774A.1). A good antileishmanial activity by the compounds on the promastigotes was observed as estimated by the MTT assay. The in-vitro experiments revealed that Hupehenine (IC50 = 7.34 ± 0.37 μM) and Veratramine (IC50 = 12.46 ± 2.28 μM) exhibited better inhibition than Hederagenin (IC50 = 23.36 ± 0.54 μM) and Azulene (IC50 = 24.42 ± 3.28 μM). This work has identified novel anti-leishmanial molecules possibly acting through the inhibition of DPCK.
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Liu C, Liu S, Tse WM, Tse KWG, Erbu A, Xiong H, Lanzi G, Liu Y, Ye B. A distinction between Fritillaria Cirrhosa Bulbus and Fritillaria Pallidiflora Bulbus via LC-MS/MS in conjunction with principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2735. [PMID: 36792675 PMCID: PMC9931167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29631-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fritillaria Cirrhosa Bulbus (known as chuanbeimu in Chinese, FCB) is one of the most used Chinese medicines for lung disease. However, a variety of substitutes have entered the market, with Fritillaria Pallidiflora Bulbus (FPB) being the most common. Due to their similarity in appearance, morphology, and chemical composition but a large price difference, the FCB has frequently been adulterated with the FPB, posing a serious challenge to the distinction and quality of the FCB. Therefore, we aimed to distinguish FCB and FPB based on their main nine isosteroidal alkaloid contents and test the potential of chemometrics as a discrimination approach for evaluating quality. The nine major isosteroidal alkaloids were measured using a liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach in 41 batches of FCB and 17 batches of FPB. Additionally, they were categorized and distinguished using the methods of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Quantitative analysis revealed that the nine alkaloids were present in different amounts in the two types of Fritillariae bulbus. In FCB, the highest amount was peimisine (17.92-123.53 μg/g) and the lowest was delavine (0.42-29.18 μg/g), while in FPB, imperialine was higher (78.05-344.09 μg/g), but verticinone and verticine were less than the other seven alkaloids. The FCB and FPB were successfully classified and distinguished by the HCA and PCA. Taken together, the method has a good linear relationship (R2 > 0.9975). The LOD and LOQ of the nine alkaloids were in the range of 0.0651-0.6510 and 0.1953-1.9531 ng/mL, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precision were shown to be excellent, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 1.63% and 2.39%, respectively. The LC-MS/MS method in conjunction with HCA and PCA can effectively differentiate FCB and FPB. It may be a promising strategy for quality evaluation and control at the FCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanlan Liu
- grid.440680.e0000 0004 1808 3254Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002 People’s Republic of China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Simei Liu
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wai Ming Tse
- Nin Jiom Medicine Manufactory (H.K.) Limited, 16/F. Block A, Texaco Road, Tsuen Wan, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kathy Wai Gaun Tse
- Nin Jiom Medicine Manufactory (H.K.) Limited, 16/F. Block A, Texaco Road, Tsuen Wan, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aga Erbu
- grid.440680.e0000 0004 1808 3254Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002 People’s Republic of China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai Xiong
- grid.440680.e0000 0004 1808 3254Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002 People’s Republic of China
| | - Gongga Lanzi
- grid.440680.e0000 0004 1808 3254Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanyong Liu
- grid.440680.e0000 0004 1808 3254Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bengui Ye
- Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Duan Y, Wu J, Wang F, Zhang K, Guo X, Tang T, Mu S, You J, Guo J. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses provide new insights into the appropriate harvest period in regenerated bulbs of Fritillaria hupehensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1132936. [PMID: 36875619 PMCID: PMC9975545 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1132936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The bulb of Fritillaria hupehensis, a traditional cough and expectorant medicine, is usually harvested from June to September according to traditional cultivation experience, without practical scientific guidance. Although steroidal alkaloid metabolites have been identified in F. hupehensis, the dynamic changes in their levels during bulb development and their molecular regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. METHODS In this study, integrative analyses of the bulbus phenotype, bioactive chemical investigations, and metabolome and transcriptome profiles were performed to systematically explore the variations in steroidal alkaloid metabolite levels and identify the genes modulating their accumulation and the corresponding regulatory mechanisms. RESULTS The results showed that weight, size, and total alkaloid content of the regenerated bulbs reached a maximum at IM03 (post-withering stage, early July), whereas peiminine content reached a maximum at IM02 (withering stage, early June). There were no significant differences between IM02 and IM03, indicating that regenerated bulbs could be harvested appropriately in early June or July. Peiminine, peimine, tortifoline, hupehenine, korseveramine, delafrine, hericenone N-oxide, korseveridine, puqiedinone, pingbeinone, puqienine B, puqienine E, pingbeimine A, jervine, and ussuriedine levels were upregulated in IM02 and IM03, compared with IM01 (vigorous growth stage, early April). The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis indicated that the accumulation of steroidal alkaloid metabolites mainly occurred prior to IM02. HMGR1, DXR, CAS1, CYP 90A1, and DET2 may play a positive role in peiminine, peimine, hupehenine, korseveramine, korseveridine, hericenone N-oxide, puqiedinone, delafrine, tortifoline, pingbeinone, puqienine B, puqienine E, pingbeimine A, jervine, and ussuriedine biosynthesis, whereas the downregulation of FPS1, SQE and 17-DHCR may lead to a reduction in peimisine levels. Weighted gene correlation network analysis showed that CYP 74A2-1, CYP 74A2-2, CYP 71A26-1, CYP 71A26-2, and CYP74A were negatively correlated with peiminine and pingbeimine A, whereas CYP R and CYP707A1 were positively correlated. . CYP 74A2-1 and CYP 74A2-2 may play a negative role in peimine and korseveridine biosynthesis, whereas CYP R plays a positive role. In addition, the highly expressed C2H2, HSF, AP2/ERF, HB, GRAS, C3H, NAC, MYB-related transcription factors (TFs), GARP-G2-like TFs, and WRKY may play positive roles in the accumulation of peiminine, peimine, korseveridine, and pingbeimine A. DISCUSSION These results provide new insights into scientific harvesting of F. hupehensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Under-forest Economy, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) Production for Chinese Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China
| | - Fanfan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) Production for Chinese Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China
| | - Kaiqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China
| | - Xiaoliang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) Production for Chinese Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China
| | - Sen Mu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China
| | - Jingmao You
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) Production for Chinese Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China
| | - Jie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Under-forest Economy, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
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10
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Yang XX, Wang S, Cui LL, Li TJ, Bai G, Bao YR, Meng XS. Pharmacological effects of Bufei Jianpi granule on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its metabolism in rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1090345. [PMID: 36588723 PMCID: PMC9797594 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1090345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This work was performed to determine the pharmacological effects of Bufei Jianpi granules on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its metabolism in rats. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), ranked as the third leading cause of death worldwide, is seriously endangering human health. At present, the pathogenesis of COPD is complex and unclear, and the drug treatment mainly aims to alleviate and improve symptoms; however, they cannot achieve the purpose of eradicating the disease. Bufei Jianpi granule (BJG) is a Chinese medicine developed by the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine for treating COPD. This study focuses on the pharmacological effects of BJG on COPD and its metabolism in rats, aiming to provide a scientific basis for developing BJG against COPD. A total of 72 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into the blank group, model group, positive control group, and BJG groups (2.36, 1.18, and 0.59 g/kg). Except for the blank group, rats in other groups were administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS) combined with smoking for 6 weeks to establish the COPD model. After another 6 weeks of treatment, the therapeutic effect of BJG on COPD rats was evaluated. In the BJG (2.36 g/kg) group, the cough condition of rats was significantly relieved and the body weight was close to that of the blank group. Compared with the mortality of 16.7% in the model group, no deaths occurred in the BJG (2.36 g/kg) and (1.18 g/kg) groups. The lung tissue damage in the BJG groups was less than that in the COPD group. Compared with the model group, MV, PIF, PEF, and EF50 in the BJG groups were observably increased in a dose-dependent manner, while sRaw, Raw, and FRC were obviously decreased. Also, the contents of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, PGE2, MMP-9, and NO in the serum and BALF were lowered dramatically in all BJG groups. All indicators present an obvious dose-effect relationship. On this basis, the UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS technology was used to analyze characteristic metabolites in rats under physiological and pathological conditions. A total of 17 prototype and 7 metabolite components were detected, and the concentration of most components was increased in the COPD pathologic state. It is suggested that BJG has a pharmacological effect in the treatment of COPD and the absorption and metabolism of chemical components of BJG in rats exhibited significant differences under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China,Liaoning Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Technical Innovation Center, Dalian, China,Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China,Liaoning Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Technical Innovation Center, Dalian, China,Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, China
| | - Lin-Lin Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Tian-Jiao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China,Liaoning Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Technical Innovation Center, Dalian, China,Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, China
| | - Gang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong-Rui Bao
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China,Liaoning Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Technical Innovation Center, Dalian, China,Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, China,*Correspondence: Yong-Rui Bao, ; Xian-Sheng Meng,
| | - Xian-Sheng Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China,Liaoning Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Technical Innovation Center, Dalian, China,Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, China,*Correspondence: Yong-Rui Bao, ; Xian-Sheng Meng,
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11
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Wang SH, Wang YQ, Lv T, Ai XN, Kathy Tse WG, Liang H, Yang TC, Zhang QY, Tu PF. Discovery of steroidal alkaloid glycosides from the bulbs of Fritillaria unibracteata with anti-inflammatory activities using an in vivo zebrafish model. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 204:113437. [PMID: 36184963 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nine undescribed steroidal alkaloid glycosides, unibrasolanosides A-F, unibraverazosides A-B, and unibratomatoside A, were isolated from the bulbs of Fritillaria unibracteata P. K. Hsiao & K. C. Hsia (Liliaceae). Their structures were elucidated by HRESIMS and 1D and 2D NMR data analyses as well as chemical methods and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Further investigation revealed that eight steroidal alkaloid glycosides displayed moderate anti-inflammatory activity in vivo in a CuSO4-induced transgenic zebrafish model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ni Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Wai-Gaun Kathy Tse
- Nin Jiom Medicine Manufactory (H.K.) Limited, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Tie-Chui Yang
- Nin Jiom Medicine Manufactory (H.K.) Limited, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Wu F, Tian M, Sun Y, Wu C, Liu X. Efficacy, chemical composition, and pharmacological effects of herbal drugs derived from Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don and Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:985935. [PMID: 36532788 PMCID: PMC9748432 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.985935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don and F. thunbergii Miq. belong to the genus Fritillaria within the Liliaceae family. They are used in traditional Chinese medicines that are often administered in clinical settings as they have notable effects on cough, bronchitis, pneumonia, lung injury, cancer, and other diseases. In this review, we focus on the history, origin, similarities, and differences in efficacy, chemical composition, and pharmacological outcomes of the drugs obtained from F. cirrhosa (FRC) and F. thunbergii (FRT). We list various valuable pharmacological effects of FRC and FRT, including antitussive, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. Thus, this review offers a basis for the medical application of and further research into the pharmacological impacts of these two drugs. We believe that new drugs derived from the phytoconstituents of F. cirrhosa and F. thunbergii that have specific therapeutic properties can be developed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Mei Tian
- Department of Respiration, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuefeng Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Changhao Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Respiration, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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13
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Fan X, Tang T, Du S, Sang N, Huang H, Zhang C, Zhao X. Simultaneous Determination of 108 Pesticide Residues in Three Traditional Chinese Medicines Using a Modified QuEChERS Mixed Sample Preparation Method and HPLC-MS/MS. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217636. [PMID: 36364466 PMCID: PMC9658470 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid, efficient, simple, and high-throughput method for the simultaneous determination of 108 pesticide residues in three traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) was established, comprising an improved QuEChERS method in combination with HPLC-MS/MS based on mixed samples. A quantity of 10 mL of acetonitrile was used as extraction solvent, and 10 mg of amino-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-NH2) and 150 mg of anhydrous magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) were selected as sorbents for dispersive solid phase extraction. The performance of the method was verified according to the analytical quality control standards of SANTE/11813/2017 guidelines. With good linearity (R2 > 0.9984) in the range of 2−200 μg/L for all pesticides in the selected matrices, and good accuracy, precision, and high sensitivity, the recoveries were in the range of 70−120% for more than 95% of the pesticides, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 16.82% for all. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method were 0.01−3.87 μg/kg and 0.07−12.90 μg/kg, respectively, for Fritillaria thunbergii Miq (F. thunbergii), Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat (C. morifolium), and Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo (D. officinale). The method was successfully applied to 60 batches of actual samples from different regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyan Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Tao Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Song Du
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Ningning Sang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Chenghui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Haikou 570206, China
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (X.Z.); Tel.: +86-571-85273092 (X.Z.)
| | - Xueping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (X.Z.); Tel.: +86-571-85273092 (X.Z.)
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14
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UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS/MS-Based Untargeted Metabolomics and Molecular Networking Reveal the Differential Chemical Constituents of the Bulbs and Flowers of Fritillaria thunbergii. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27206944. [PMID: 36296537 PMCID: PMC9609367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Both the bulbs and flowers of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. (BFT and FFT) are widely applied as expectorants and antitussives in traditional Chinese medicine, but few studies have been conducted to compare the chemical compositions of these plant parts. In this study, 50% methanol extracts of BFT and FFT were analyzed via UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS/MS, and the feasibility of using non-targeted UHPLC-HRMS metabolomics and molecular networking to address the authentication of bulb and flower samples was evaluated. Principal component analysis (PCA), Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA), and heat map analysis showed there were dissimilar metabolites in BFT and FFT. As a result, 252 and 107 peaks in positive ion mode and negative mode, respectively, were considered to represent significant difference variables between BFT and FFT. Then, MS/MS-based molecular networking of BFT and FFT was constructed to perform an in-depth characterization of the peaks using different variables. A total of 31 alkaloids with significant differences were annotated in this paper, including seven cis-D/E-vevanine without C20-OH and one trans-D/E-cevanine with C20-OH, thirteen trans-D/E-cevanine without C20-OH, five cevanine N-oxide, and five veratramine. Among the 31 alkaloids, eight alkaloids had higher FFT than BFT contents, while all the flavonoids identified in our work had greater FFT than BFT contents. The influence of different ingredients on the pharmacological activities of BFT and FFT should be investigated in future studies.
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15
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Yu J, Hou J, Yu R, Hu X, Xu Z, Zhao X, Chen L. Dissipation and dietary exposure risk assessment of pyraclostrobin, fluxapyroxad, difenoconazole, and azoxystrobin in the Fritillaria field ecosystem. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:51758-51767. [PMID: 35253103 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19511-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fritillaria (Beimu in Chinese) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal herbal and valuable health food, which has attracted more and more attention. In this study, an efficient method was developed to determine pyraclostrobin, fluxapyroxad, difenoconazole, and azoxystrobin in plants, fresh Fritillaria, dry Fritillaria, and soil via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The average recoveries of the method were 78.9-109.7% with relative standard deviations of 0.94-11.1%. The dissipation half-lives of the four fungicides were 4.4-7.7 days in the Fritillaria plant and 11.6-18.2 days in the soil. The terminal residues of four fungicides were 0.033-0.13 mg/kg in fresh Fritillaria, 0.096-0.42 mg/kg in dry Fritillaria, and 0.12-0.74 mg/kg in soil. In the risk assessment of dietary exposure, all the chronic hazard quotient and acute hazard quotient index values were far below 100%, which were both acceptable to consumers. Accordingly, 7 days was recommended as the pre-harvest interval for the four fungicides in Fritillaria. This work could guide the safe use of these fungicides in Fritillaria and also give a reference for the Chinese government to establish the maximum residue limits (MRLs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats To the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Jiayin Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats To the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Ruixian Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats To the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Xiuqing Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats To the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Zhenlan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats To the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Xueping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats To the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Liezhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats To the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
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16
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Dong H, Zhang Y, Wai Ming T, Wang S, Li J, Fu S, Zhang Q, Zeng K, Tu P, Liang H. Cirrhosinones A-H, 24-hydroxy cevanine-type alkaloids from Fritillariacirrhosa. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 197:113129. [PMID: 35176308 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Eight undescribed isosteroidal alkaloids cirrhosinones A-H (1-8), along with six known isosteroidal alkaloids (9-14), were isolated from the bulbs of Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don. Their structures were determined by HRESIMS and 2D NMR analysis, and their absolute configurations were established by X-ray analysis. Compounds 1-8 possessed a typical cevanine-type alkaloid skeleton with a hydroxyl group rarely substituted at C-24 and compounds 4-8 possessed rare 7α or 7β-hydroxyl groups. This was the first report of both C-7 and C-24 hydroxyl groups substituted cevanine-type alkaloids. In addition, an approach for distinguishing D/E cis and trans conformations of cevanine-type alkaloids by 1H NMR data was developed. Moreover, the correlations between the relative configurations of 3-OH, 7-OH, 22-C, 24-OH, and 25-Me and the 1H NMR and 13C NMR data were also summarized. Compounds 1-9 exhibited moderate NO inhibitory activities in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells at the concentration of 40 μM. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of compounds 1-7 and 9-10 were also evaluated and none of them showed acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities at the concentrations of 20-80 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Dong
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhu Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Tse Wai Ming
- Nin Jiom Medicine Manufactory (H.K.) Limited, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhui Wang
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaobing Fu
- Nin Jiom Medicine Manufactory (H.K.) Limited, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingying Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Kewu Zeng
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Liang
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Wang SH, Liang H, Wang YQ, Kathy Tse WG, Dong HW, Yang TC, Zhang YH, Zeng KW, Tu PF. Steroidal alkaloids and their glycosides from the bulbs of Fritillaria unibracteata. Steroids 2022; 181:108977. [PMID: 35134432 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.108977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Seven undescribed steroidal alkaloids, including two jervine-type steroidal alkaloids, fritiunibras A-B (1-2), and five cevanine-type steroidal alkaloid glycosides, fritiunibras C-G (3-7), along with six known cevanine-type steroidal alkaloids and their glycosides (8-13) were isolated from the bulbs of Fritillaria unibracteata Hsiao et K. C. Hsia. Their structures were determined by interpretation of comprehensive spectroscopic and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The absolute configurations of sugar moieties were determined by HPLC analysis and compared with standards after hydrolysis and derivatization. Furthermore, their inhibitory effects on NO production and cytotoxic activities were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Wai-Gaun Kathy Tse
- Nin Jiom Medicine Manufactory (H.K.) Limited, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Wen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Tie-Chui Yang
- Nin Jiom Medicine Manufactory (H.K.) Limited, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Hu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Wu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Quan Y, Li L, Yin Z, Chen S, Yi J, Lang J, Zhang L, Yue Q, Zhao J. Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae as a Respiratory Medicine: Is There a Potential Drug in the Treatment of COVID-19? Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:784335. [PMID: 35126123 PMCID: PMC8811224 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.784335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae (BFC) is one of the most used Chinese medicines for lung disease, and exerts antitussive, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic, and antioxidant effects, which is an ideal therapeutic drug for respiratory diseases such as ARDS, COPD, asthma, lung cancer, and pulmonary tuberculosis. Through this review, it is found that the therapeutic mechanism of BFC on respiratory diseases exhibits the characteristics of multi-components, multi-targets, and multi-signaling pathways. In particular, the therapeutic potential of BFC in terms of intervention of “cytokine storm”, STAT, NF-κB, and MAPK signaling pathways, as well as the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) that ACE is involved in. In the “cytokine storm” of SARS-CoV-2 infection there is an intense inflammatory response. ACE2 regulates the RAS by degradation of Ang II produced by ACE, which is associated with SARS-CoV-2. For COVID-19, may it be a potential drug? This review summarized the research progress of BFC in the respiratory diseases, discussed the development potentiality of BFC for the treatment of COVID-19, explained the chemical diversity and biological significance of the alkaloids in BFC, and clarified the material basis, molecular targets, and signaling pathways of BFC for the respiratory diseases. We hope this review can provide insights on the drug discovery of anti-COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Quan
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacognosy, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Li
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhujun Yin
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shilong Chen
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yi
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jirui Lang
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianhua Yue
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Junning Zhao
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacognosy, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Junning Zhao,
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Shim KS, Gu DR, Hwang YH, Yang H, Ryuk JA, Ha H. Water Extract of Fritillariae thunbergii Bulbus Inhibits RANKL-Mediated Osteoclastogenesis and Ovariectomy-Induced Trabecular Bone Loss. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010169. [PMID: 35011398 PMCID: PMC8746409 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Fritillariae thunbergii bulbus has been widely used to treat symptoms of coughs and airway congestion in the chest due to pathological colds and damp phlegm in traditional Chinese medicine. Despite its long history of traditional use, its pharmacological activities on osteoclastogenesis and osteoporosis have not been evaluated. This study investigated the effects of the water extract of Fritillariae thunbergii bulbus (WEFT) on osteoclast differentiation in bone marrow-derived macrophage cells and on ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis in mice. We found that WEFT significantly inhibited osteoclastogenesis by downregulating the receptor activator of the NF-κB ligand (RANKL) signaling-induced nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) expression. In an OVX-induced osteoporosis model, WEFT significantly prevented the OVX-induced trabecular loss of femurs, accompanied by a reduction in fat accumulation in the bone marrow and liver. In addition, WEFT significantly prevented weight gain and gonadal fat gain without recovering uterine atrophy. Using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, seven alkaloids (peimisine glucoside, yibeissine, peiminoside, sipeimine-glucoside, peimisine, peimine, and peiminine) were identified in WEFT. The results of this study suggest that WEFT can be a potential pharmacological candidate to reduce menopausal osteoporosis and menopause-related symptoms, such as fat accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Shuk Shim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (K.-S.S.); (D.-R.G.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.Y.); (J.-A.R.)
| | - Dong-Ryun Gu
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (K.-S.S.); (D.-R.G.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.Y.); (J.-A.R.)
| | - Youn-Hwan Hwang
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (K.-S.S.); (D.-R.G.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.Y.); (J.-A.R.)
- Korean Convergence Medicine Major KIOM, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34054, Korea
| | - Hyun Yang
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (K.-S.S.); (D.-R.G.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.Y.); (J.-A.R.)
| | - Jin-Ah Ryuk
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (K.-S.S.); (D.-R.G.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.Y.); (J.-A.R.)
| | - Hyunil Ha
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Daejeon 34054, Korea; (K.-S.S.); (D.-R.G.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.Y.); (J.-A.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-868-9367
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Kim EY, Hong S, Kim JH, Kim M, Lee Y, Sohn Y, Jung HS. Effects of chloroform fraction of Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus on atopic symptoms in a DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesion model and in vitro models. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 281:114453. [PMID: 34314806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fritillariae thunbergii Bulbus (FT), knowns as "Jeolpaemo ()" in Korean traditional medicine, is a perennial plant belonging to the Liliaceae family and has been used to treat symptoms such as cough, sputum formation, and purulent pneumonia. Owing to its effects of lowering heat, removing sputum, and reducing swelling, the plant has also been used as an external prescription medicine to treat inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY To analyze the anti-inflammatory effects of FT-ethanol extract (FT-Et) and FT-chloroform fraction extract (FT-Cl) on 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of FT-Et and FT-Cl on AD was observed using an AD-like skin lesion model induced by DNCB in vivo. HaCaT and RBL2H3 cells were used to determine the effects of FT-Et and FT-Cl in vitro. After inducing AD-like skin lesions in vivo, FT was topically applied to the skin lesion for 35 days. Epidermal thickness, dermal thickness, scratching behavior, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and expression of skin barrier proteins were measured. TARC, MDC, and IL-4 levels were analyzed using ELISA in HaCaT cells. Beta-hexosaminidase and IL-4 levels were measured in RBL2H3 cells. The expression of filaggrin (FLG), loricrin (LOR), involucrin (INV), and aquaporin-3(AQP-3) was measured by PCR. Phosphorylation of MAPKs was analyzed using Western blot technique. RESULTS FT-Cl significantly reduced ear swelling, scratching behavior, SCORAD index, epidermal thickness, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and loss of skin barrier proteins. FT-Et inhibited the infiltration of mast cells and CD8+ cells and decreased the loss of skin barrier proteins. In TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells, FT-Cl inhibited TRAC, MDC, and IL-4 expression and upregulated the expression of FLG, INV, and AQP-3, whereas FT-Et inhibited the expression of TRAC and MDC and increased the expression of FLG, INV, and AQP-3 at high concentrations. In RBL2H3, FT-Cl downregulated β-hexosaminidase and IL-4 expression. In addition, FT-Cl inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK and p-38 in HaCaT and RBL2H3 cells. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, FT-Cl showed better effect than FT-Et in vivo and in vitro. These results suggest that a specific component present in FT-Cl acted against AD. Future research should focus on the analysis of components contained in FT-Cl and the anti-inflammatory effects of the active ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sooyeon Hong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Minsun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yujin Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngjoo Sohn
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyuk-Sang Jung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Chemical transformations that rapidly and efficiently construct a high level of molecular complexity in a single step are perhaps the most valuable in total synthesis. Among such transformations is the transition metal catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloisomerization reaction, which forges three new C-C bonds and one or more rings in a single synthetic operation. We report here a strategy that leverages this transformation to open de novo access to the Veratrum family of alkaloids. The highly convergent approach described herein includes (i) the enantioselective synthesis of a diyne fragment containing the steroidal A/B rings, (ii) the asymmetric synthesis of a propargyl-substituted piperidinone (F ring) unit, (iii) the high-yielding union of the above fragments, and (iv) the intramolecular [2 + 2 + 2] cycloisomerization reaction of the resulting carbon framework to construct in a single step the remaining three rings (C/D/E) of the hexacyclic cevanine skeleton. Efficient late-stage maneuvers culminated in the first total synthesis of heilonine (1), achieved in 21 steps starting from ethyl vinyl ketone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J Cassaidy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Viresh H Rawal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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Ma B, Ma J, Li B, Tao Q, Gan J, Yan Z. Effects of different harvesting times and processing methods on the quality of cultivated Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:2853-2861. [PMID: 34136153 PMCID: PMC8194732 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don is the major source plants of traditional Chinese medicine Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus (FCB). Domestication, introduction, and cultivation is an important strategy to alleviate the shortage of endangered medicinal plants of F. cirrhosa. However, until now, the yield and quality changes of FCB in different harvest periods and drying treatments after harvest were not well understood. Therefore, in this paper, we investigated the yield and quality of cultivated F. cirrhosa at different harvest periods and postharvest processing methods. The results showed that dry weight per bulb ranged from 0.8913 to 1.4681 g and reached the highest at the wilting stage. The soluble sugar content ranged from 0.075% to 0.127% and reached the highest at the wilting stage. The content of total alkaloids ranged from 0.088% to 0.218% and reached the highest at the late-flowering stage. The contents of peimisine, sipeimine, peimine, and peiminine were 0.01178%-0.02615%, 0%-0.01713%, 0%-0.00745%, and 0%-0.00621% and reached the highest at the late-flowering period, wilting period, young fruit period, and initial flowering period, respectively. For the two different postharvest processing methods, the contents of total alkaloids and the 16 main characteristic peaks did not exhibit significant differences. Still, the alkaloid contents of the oven drying after washing were slightly higher than the sun drying. In conclusion, the best harvest period is the wilting period of F. cirrhosa, and oven drying after washing is more beneficial to ensure the quality of FCB and improve productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bujin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest ChinaSchool of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Jing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest ChinaSchool of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest ChinaSchool of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Qian Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest ChinaSchool of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Jiaxia Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest ChinaSchool of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Zhuyun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest ChinaSchool of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
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23
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Wang Y, Hou H, Ren Q, Hu H, Yang T, Li X. Natural drug sources for respiratory diseases from Fritillaria: chemical and biological analyses. Chin Med 2021; 16:40. [PMID: 34059098 PMCID: PMC8165352 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00450-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fritillaria naturally grows in the temperate region of Northern Hemisphere and mainly distributes in Central Asia, Mediterranean region, and North America. The dried bulbs from a dozen species of this genus have been usually used as herbal medicine, named Beimu in China. Beimu had rich sources of phytochemicals and have extensively applied to respiratory diseases including coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Fritillaria species have alkaloids that act as the main active components that contribute multiple biological activities, including anti-tussive, expectorant, and anti-asthmatic effects, especially against certain respiratory diseases. Other compounds (terpenoids, steroidal saponins, and phenylpropanoids) have also been identified in species of Fritillaria. In this review, readers will discover a brief summary of traditional uses and a comprehensive description of the chemical profiles, biological properties, and analytical techniques used for quality control. In general, the detailed summary reveals 293 specialized metabolites that have been isolated and analyzed in Fritillaria species. This review may provide a scientific basis for the chemical ecology and metabolomics in which compound identification of certain species remains a limiting step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No 16, Neinanxiao Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Hongping Hou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No 16, Neinanxiao Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qiang Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, 272000, China
| | - Haoyu Hu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No 16, Neinanxiao Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Tiechui Yang
- Nin Jiom Medicine Manufactory (Hong Kong) Limited, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xiwen Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No 16, Neinanxiao Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Nile SH, Su J, Wu D, Wang L, Hu J, Sieniawska E, Kai G. Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. (Zhe Beimu): A review on its traditional uses, phytochemical profile and pharmacological properties. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112289. [PMID: 34029669 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. (Zhe beimu) ranked as oldest known homeopathic traditional folk medicine in China. The bulbs are medicinally important curing cough, inflammation, gastric ulcers, hypertension, diarrhea, and bronchitis. The aim of this review is to enlighten the deeper knowledge about F. thunbergii giving a comprehensive overview on its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology for future investigation of plant-based drugs and therapeutic applications. Total 48 medicinally important species of Fritillaria were described; total 122 compounds have been identified as results only 72 chemical constituents were described with proper chemical and biological details. F. thunbergii and its bulbs mainly constitute alkaloids, essential oils, diterpenoids, carbohydrates, sterols, amino acids, nucleosides, fatty acids, and lignans. The pharmacological studies demonstrate that F. thunbergii and its bulbs displays a wide range of bioactivities e.g., anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antitussive, expectorant, anti-ulcer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-thyroid, regulation of blood rheology, anti-diarrhea, neuroprotection, and analgesic effects. Although promising reports on the various chemical bioactive constituents and biological properties of F. thunbergii have been published, very few reviews are related specifically to the traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological applications. Further, various other studies on these plants should deserve our more attention for future investigation for drug development and its therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivraj Hariram Nile
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Jiajia Su
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Die Wu
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Leran Wang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Jiangning Hu
- Zhejiang Conba Pharmaceutical Limited Company, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Technology, Hangzhou, 310052, PR China
| | - Elwira Sieniawska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China.
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Kim JH, Kim M, Hong S, Kwon B, Song MW, Song K, Kim EY, Jung HS, Sohn Y. Anti-inflammatory effects of Fritillaria thunbergii Miquel extracts in LPS-stimulated murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:429. [PMID: 33747168 PMCID: PMC7967825 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to demonstrate that Fritillaria thunbergii Miquel extract exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. To confirm the inhibitory effect of ethyl acetate fraction of FTM (EAFM) on inflammation, the expression of nitric oxide (NO) and inflammatory cytokines was assessed by performing ELISA. Expression of intracellular mRNA and protein was confirmed by reverse transcription PCR and western blotting. In addition, the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant mechanisms of NF-κB, MAPK and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were also investigated. EAFM significantly inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors including NO, IL-6 and TNF-α at non-toxic concentrations. EAFM also inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in a concentration-dependent manner, but did not alter the expression of cyclooxygenase-2. Pre-treatment with EAFM inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB, and suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK. In addition, EAFM induced 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity and an increase in the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and HO-1. The results indicated that EAFM inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting ERK/JNK phosphorylation and NF-κB translocation. EAFM also exerted antioxidant effects via Nrf2/HO-1 stimulation. Collectively, the results of the present study indicated that EAFM may be a valuable alternative for the treatment of a variety of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyeon Hong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Boguen Kwon
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Wook Song
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangchan Song
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Sang Jung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Sohn
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Network Pharmacology Analysis of the Therapeutic Mechanisms Underlying Beimu-Gualou Formula Activity against Bronchiectasis with In Silico Molecular Docking Validation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:3656272. [PMID: 33488758 PMCID: PMC7803403 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3656272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background The classical Chinese herbal prescription Beimu-Gualou formula (BMGLF) has been diffusely applied to the treatment of respiratory diseases, including bronchiectasis. Although concerning bronchiectasis the effects and mechanisms of action of the BMGLF constituents have been partially elucidated, it remains to be determined how the formula in its entirety exerts therapeutic effects. Methods In this study, the multitarget mechanisms of BMGLF against bronchiectasis were predicted with network pharmacology analysis. Using prepared data, a drug-target interaction network was established and subsequently the core therapeutic targets of BMGLF were identified. Furthermore, the biological function and pathway enrichment of potential targets were analyzed to evaluate the therapeutic effects and pivotal signaling pathways of BMGLF. Finally, virtual molecular docking was performed to assess the affinities of compounds for the candidate targets. Results The therapeutic action of BMGLF against bronchiectasis involves 18 core target proteins, including the aforementioned candidates (i.e., ALB, ICAM1, IL10, and MAPK1), which are assumed to be related to biological processes such as drug response, cellular response to lipopolysaccharide, immune response, and positive regulation of NF-κB activity in bronchiectasis. Among the top 20 signaling pathways identified, mechanisms of action appear to be primarily related to Chagas disease, allograft rejection, hepatitis B, and inflammatory bowel disease. Conclusion In summary, using a network pharmacology approach, we initially predicted the complex regulatory profile of BMGLF against bronchiectasis in which multilink suppression of immune/inflammatory responses plays an essential role. These results may provide a basis for novel pharmacotherapeutic approaches for bronchiectasis.
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Wu T, Qi P, Wang J, Wang Z, Di S, Xu H, Zhao H, Zhao C, Wang X. Simultaneous determination of 114 pesticides in complex Chinese herbal medicine Fritillaria using ordered mesoporous carbon CMK-3 as a reversed-dispersive solid phase extraction sorbent. RSC Adv 2021; 11:4129-4137. [PMID: 35424355 PMCID: PMC8694350 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07229j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fritillaria, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, is classified into many medicinal species and contains numerous complex components. It is thus difficult to simultaneously detect multiple pesticide residues in different Fritillaria species. An easy, reliable, and widely applicable analytical method based on a modified Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS) method coupled with LC-MS/MS was developed to solve these problems encountered during pesticide residue analysis in complex Fritillaria matrices. Ordered mesoporous carbon CMK-3 and a primary secondary amine (PSA) were used as efficient purification sorbents by optimization of the QuEChERS process. Systematic method validation was performed for four species of Fritillaria. The matrix effect of pesticides varied among different Fritillaria species, and matrix-matched standard solutions were thus employed for quantitative analysis. The mean recoveries of all pesticides ranged from 88.6% to 95.5%, with mean relative standard deviations (RSD) lower than 6% at spiked concentrations of 30, 120, and 240 μg kg−1. The limits of quantification (LOQ) for the developed method were in the range of 30–120 μg kg−1. This method was further used to analyze 47 Fritillaria samples from Zhejiang province, China, and seven pesticides were detected in 22 Fritillaria samples. These results demonstrate that the developed method is suitable for an accurate analysis of multiple pesticide residues in various Fritillaria. Fritillaria, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, is classified into many medicinal species and contains numerous complex components.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University No. 600 Changjiang Road Harbin 150030 P. R. China +86 451 55191775
| | - Peipei Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China +86 571 86419051.,Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residue and Control of Zhejiang Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China
| | - Jiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China +86 571 86419051.,Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residue and Control of Zhejiang Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China +86 571 86419051.,Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residue and Control of Zhejiang Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Di
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China +86 571 86419051.,Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residue and Control of Zhejiang Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China +86 571 86419051.,Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residue and Control of Zhejiang Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China
| | - Huiyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China +86 571 86419051.,Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residue and Control of Zhejiang Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China
| | - Changshan Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University No. 600 Changjiang Road Harbin 150030 P. R. China +86 451 55191775
| | - Xinquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China +86 571 86419051.,Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residue and Control of Zhejiang Hangzhou 310021 P. R. China
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Chen T, Zhong F, Yao C, Chen J, Xiang Y, Dong J, Yan Z, Ma Y. A Systematic Review on Traditional Uses, Sources, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, and Toxicity of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:1536534. [PMID: 33273948 PMCID: PMC7676930 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1536534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus (known as chuanbeimu in Chinese, FCB) is a famous folk medicine which has been widely used to relieve cough and eliminate phlegm for thousands of years in China. The medicine originates from dried bulbs of six species of Fritillaria which are distributed in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere. Increasing attention has been paid to FCB because of its excellent medicinal value such as being antitussive, expectorant, analgesic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative. During the past years, a large number of research studies have been conducted to investigate the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics of FCB. A range of compounds have been isolated and identified from FCB, including alkaloids, saponins, nucleosides, organic acids, terpenoids, and sterols. Among them, alkaloids as the main active ingredient have been illustrated to exert significant therapeutic effects on many diseases such as cancer, acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, Parkinson's disease, and diabetes. Due to the excellent medical value and low toxicity, FCB has a huge market all over the world and triggers a growing enthusiasm among researchers. However, there is still a lack of systematic review. Hence, in this work, we reviewed the FCB-based articles published in Sci Finder, Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, CNKI, and other databases in the recent years. The traditional uses, sources, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of FCB were discussed in the review, which aims to provide a reference for further development and utilization of FCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Furong Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Cheng Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiqing Xiang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Jijing Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhuyun Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuntong Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, China
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29
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Xu M, Hu TY, Li DC, Ma L, Zhang H, Fan JT, Fan XM, Zeng XH, Qiu SQ, Liu ZQ, Cheng BH. Yan-Hou-Qing formula attenuates ammonia-induced acute pharyngitis in rats via inhibition of NF-κB and COX-2. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:280. [PMID: 32928206 PMCID: PMC7491126 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03077-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yan Hou Qing (YHQ) is a Chinese medicinal formula designed to alleviate sore throat symptoms, but underlying mechanism of YHQ treatment for pharyngitis is poorly defined up to now. METHODS In this study, the modulation of YHQ on pharyngitis is investigated in ammonia-induced acute pharyngitis rat models. After treatment with YHQ or dexamethasone respectively for five consecutive days, all rats were sacrificed for biomolecular and histopathologic study. Protein expressions of MAPKs, NF-κB, COX-2 and 5-LOX in pharyngitis tissue were evaluated by western blot analysis and the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, prostaglandin (PG) E2, leukotrienes (LT)-B4 and LT-D4 in pharyngeal tissue were measured via ELISA assay. Evans blue (EB) dye exudation test was performed parallelly to assess the integrity of pharyngeal tissue. RESULTS Compared with normal control group, EB dye exudation, and inflammatory cytokines in the model group were significantly increased, and the pharynx tissue was obviously infiltrated by inflammatory cells. YHQ treatment improved the inflammatory infiltrate in pharyngeal tissue, and reduced EB dye exudation in AP rat models. The up-regulated TNF-α and IL-6 in pharyngeal tissue of AP were significantly reduced by YHQ through inhibition of phosphorylation of p38, Erk and NF-κB. YHQ treatment also reversed the increased level of PGE2 through down-regulation of COX-2. CONCLUSIONS YHQ formula attenuated the pharyngitis related symptoms via suppression of COX-2 and phosphorylation of p38, Erk and NF-κB (p65).
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China.,Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, The third hospital of Mianyang, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Tian-Yong Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Dong-Cai Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Jun-Ting Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Fan
- Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518102, China
| | - Xian-Hai Zeng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Shu-Qi Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Bao-Hui Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China.
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30
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Hu Y, Zeng H, Huang J, Jiang L, Chen J, Zeng Q. Traditional Asian Herbs in Skin Whitening: The Current Development and Limitations. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:982. [PMID: 32733239 PMCID: PMC7358643 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In Asia, the market for whitening cosmetics is expanding rapidly, more and more people prefer to use natural products. Driven by natural product demand and technical advances, herbal research is also developing fast. Lots of studies reported that Asian herbal reagents can reduce melanogenesis, these findings provide evidence for the whitening application of Asian herbs. However, the current development status and challenges of herbal research need attention too. By reviewing these studies, different problems in studying herbal formulas, extracts, and active ingredients were presented. One of the most influential troubles is that the components of herbs are too complex to obtain reliable results. Thus, an understanding of the overall quality of herbal research is necessary. Further, 90 most cited Asian herbal studies on whitening were collected, which were conducted between 2017 and 2020, then statistical analysis was carried out. This work provided a comprehensive understanding of Asian herbal research in skin whitening, including the overall status and quality, as well as the focuses and limitations of these studies. By proactively confronting and analyzing these issues, it is suggested that the focus of herbal medicine research needs to shift from quantity to quality, and the new stage of development should emphasize transformation from research findings to whitening products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jinhua Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qinghai Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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31
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Chen L, Zhang Q, Lin Y, Lu X, Zhong Z, Ma J, Wen C, Ding C. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of hapepunine in mice by ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2020. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2019.00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) method was established to determine the hapepunine in mouse blood, and the pharmacokinetics of hapepunine after intravenous (1.0 mg/kg) and intragastric (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg) administrations was studied. Delavinone was used as an internal standard. The UPLC ethylene bridged hybrid (BEH) C18 column was used for chromatographic separation. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid with a gradient elution flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was used for quantitative analysis of hapepunine in electrospray ionization (ESI) positive interface. Proteins from mouse blood were removed by acetonitrile precipitation. The verification method was established in accordance with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) bioanalytical method validation guidelines. In the concentration range of 1–1000 ng/mL, the hapepunine in the mouse blood was linear (r2 > 0.995), and the lower limit of quantification was 1.0 ng/mL. In the mouse blood, the intra-day precision coefficient of variation (CV) was less than 12%, the inter-day precision CV was less than 14%. The accuracy ranged from 91.7% to 109.3%. The average recovery was higher than 76.7%, and the matrix effect was between 86.0% and 106.4%. The UPLC–MS/MS method was sensitive, rapid, and selective and was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of hapepunine in mice. The absolute bioavailability of hapepunine was 22.0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianguo Chen
- 1 Department of Pharmacy, Wenzhou People's HospitalWenzhou 325000, China
| | - Qingwei Zhang
- 2 Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical IndustryShanghai 201203, China
| | - Yijing Lin
- 2 Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical IndustryShanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaojie Lu
- 2 Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical IndustryShanghai 201203, China
| | - Zuoquan Zhong
- 2 Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical IndustryShanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianshe Ma
- 3 Laboratory Animal Center, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325035, China
| | - Congcong Wen
- 3 Laboratory Animal Center, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325035, China
| | - Cheng Ding
- 4 The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325000, China
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32
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Lin Q, Qu M, Patra HK, He S, Wang L, Hu X, Xiao L, Fu Y, Gong T, He Q, Zhang L, Sun X, Zhang Z. Mechanistic and therapeutic study of novel anti-tumor function of natural compound imperialine for treating non-small cell lung cancer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 247:112283. [PMID: 31605736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bulbus Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don (BFC) is a Chinese traditional herbal medicine that has long been used as an indispensable component in herbal prescriptions for bronchopulmonary diseases due to its well-established strong anti-inflammation and pulmonary harmonizing effects. Interestingly, there are few case reports in traditional Chinese medicine available where they found it to contribute in anti-tumor therapies. Imperialine is one of the most favored active substances extracted from BFC and has been widely recognized as an anti-inflammatory agent. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the current work is to provide first-hand evidences both in vitro and in vivo showing that imperialine exerts anti-cancer effects against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to explore the molecular mechanism of this anti-tumor activity. It is also necessary to examine its systemic toxicity, and to investigate how to develop strategies for feasible clinical translation of imperialine. MATERIALS AND METHODS To investigate anti-NSCLC efficacy of imperialine using both in vitro and in vivo methods where A549 cell line were chosen as in vitro model NSCLC cells and A549 tumor-bearing mouse model was constructed for in vivo study. The detailed underlying anti-cancer mechanism has been systematically explored for the first time through a comprehensive set of molecular biology methods mainly including immunohistochemistry, western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The toxicity profile of imperialine treatments were evaluated using healthy nude mice by examining hemogram and histopathology. An imperialine-loaded liposomal drug delivery system was developed using thin film hydration method to evaluate target specific delivery. RESULTS The results showed that imperialine could suppress both NSCLC tumor and associated inflammation through an inflammation-cancer feedback loop in which NF-κB activity was dramatically inhibited by imperialine. The NSCLC-targeting liposomal system was successfully developed for targeted drug delivery. The developed platform could favorably enhance imperialine cellular uptake and in vivo accumulation at tumor sites, thus improving overall anti-tumor effect. The toxicity assays revealed imperialine treatments did not significantly disturb blood cell counts in mice or exert any significant damage to the main organs. CONCLUSIONS Imperialine exerts anti-cancer effects against NSCLC both in vitro and in vivo, and this previously unknown function is related to NF-κB centered inflammation-cancer feedback loop. Imperialine mediated anti-cancer activity is not through cytotoxicity and exhibit robust systemic safety. Furthermore, the liposome-based system we commenced would dramatically enhance therapeutic effects of imperialine while exhibiting extremely low side effects both on cellular and in NSCLC model. This work has identified imperialine as a promising novel anti-cancer compound and offered an efficient target-delivery solution that greatly facilitate practical use of imperialine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Mengke Qu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Hirak K Patra
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, United Kingdom; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, Linkoping, 58185, Sweden; Wolfson College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 9BB, United Kingdom
| | - Shanshan He
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Xun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; CQ MEDVT CO., LTD, Chongqing, 401122, PR China
| | - Linyu Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Qin He
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
| | - Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
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Li C, Liu Y, Feng H, Ma S. Effect of superfine grinding on the physicochemical properties of bulbs of Fritillaria unibracteata Hsiao et K.C. Hsia powder. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:3527-3537. [PMID: 31763003 PMCID: PMC6848833 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to determine the influence of superfine grinding on the physicochemical properties of bulbs of Fritillaria unibracteata Hsiao et K.C. Hsia (BFU) powder. For this purpose, fine powder (FP) and two superfine powders (SPs) were obtained via superfine and conventional grinding methods. The properties of different powders were studied and compared. Compared with FP, SPs exhibited higher values in terms of the angle of repose, swelling capacity, ethanol extraction yield, total alkaloid content, and imperialine content, while lower values in terms of particle size and bulk density. Especially, the total alkaloid content of SP-I increased by 66.7%. Proper grinding is more conducive to reduce particle size and improve alkaloid content. FTIR analysis indicates that no new functional groups produced after superfine grinding. XRD analysis suggests that grinding treatment lead to decreases in the crystallinity. Therefore, superfine grinding displays immense potential in the BFU application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai‐xia Li
- Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau Biological ResourcesXiningChina
| | - Ying‐ying Liu
- Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau Biological ResourcesXiningChina
| | - Hai‐sheng Feng
- Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau Biological ResourcesXiningChina
| | - Shi‐zhen Ma
- Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau Biological ResourcesXiningChina
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Zhong Y, Wang H, Wei Q, Cao R, Zhang H, He Y, Wang L. Combining DNA Barcoding and HPLC Fingerprints to Trace Species of an Important Traditional Chinese Medicine Fritillariae Bulbus. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183269. [PMID: 31500338 PMCID: PMC6766824 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fritillariae Bulbus is a precious Chinese herbal medicine that is grown at high elevation and used to relieve coughs, remove phlegm, and nourish the lungs. Historically, Fritillariae Bulbus has been divided into two odourless crude drugs: Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus and Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus. However, now the Chinese Pharmacopoeia has described five Fritillariae Bulbus—the new additions include Fritillariae Pallidiflorae Bulbus, Fritillariae Ussuriensis Bulbus, and Fritillariae Hupehensis Bulbus. Because the morphology of dried Fritillariae Bulbus is similar, it is difficult to accurately identify the different types of Fritillariae Bulbus. In the current study, we develop a method combining DNA barcoding and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to help distinguish Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus from other Fritillariae Bulbus and guarantee species traceability of the five types of Fritillariae Bulbus. We report on the validation of an integrated analysis method for plant species identification using DNA barcoding that is based on genetic distance, identification efficiency, inter- and intra-specific variation, calculated nearest distance, neighbour-joining tree and barcoding gap. Our results show that the DNA barcoding data successfully identified the five Fritillariae Bulbus by internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and ITS2, with the ability to distinguish the species origin of these Fritillariae Bulbus. ITS2 can serve as a potentially useful DNA barcode for the Fritillaria species. Additionally, the effective chemical constituents are identified by HPLC combined with a chemical identification method to classify Fritillaria. The HPLC fingerprint data and HCA (hierarchical clustering analysis) show that Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus is clearly different from Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus and Fritillariae Hupehensis Bulbus, but there is no difference between Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus, Fritillariae Ussuriensis Bulbus, and Fritillariae Pallidiflorae Bulbus. These results show that DNA barcoding and HPLC fingerprinting can discriminate between the five Fritillariae Bulbus types and trace species to identify related species that are genetically similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Zhong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qianhe Wei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Rui Cao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yongzhi He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Lizhi Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Abuduwaili A, Rozi P, Mutailifu P, Gao Y, Nuerxiati R, Aisa HA, Yili A. Effects of different extraction techniques on physicochemical properties and biological activities of polysaccharides from Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071667. [PMID: 30987173 PMCID: PMC6479889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus (FTB) has been widely used as an antitussive herb for thousands of years in China. However, FTB's traditional uses, chemical compounds and pharmacological activities have not been systematically reviewed. This study aimed to review its traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and toxicity. We searched the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine to explore the historical records which indicate that it acts to clear heat, resolve phlegm, relieve cough, remove toxicity and disperse abscesses and nodules. We searched 11 databases to identify potential phytochemical or pharmacological studies. Characteristics of its chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetic and toxicity were descriptively summarized. A total of 9706 studies were identified and 83 of them were included. As a result, 134 chemical constituents were identified, including 26 alkaloids, 29 compounds found in essential oils, 13 diterpenoids, two carbohydrates, two sterols, 18 amino acids, six nucleosides, four nucleobases, four fatty acids, three lignans, and 27 elements. Thirteen pharmacological effects of FTB were identified, including anti-cancer, tracheobronchial relaxation, antitussive, expectorant, anti-muscarinic, anti-inflammation, anti-thyroid, regulation of blood rheology, antiulcer, anti-diarrhea, pain suppression, antioxidation and neuroprotection. These pharmacological activities may be mainly attributed to the alkaloids in FTB. Further phytochemical, pharmacological and network pharmacological studies are recommended.
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Wang S, Zhang Z, Yu Z, Han C, Wang X. Pharmacokinetic Study of Delavinone in Mice after Intravenous and Oral Administration by UPLC-MS/MS. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:3163218. [PMID: 31016188 PMCID: PMC6448330 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3163218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-one compounds, including delavinone, were isolated from the methanol extract of F. cirrhosa by modern chromatographic techniques. The pharmacological action of Fritillaria is widely used in clinical practice. However, the pharmacokinetic studies on delavinone have not been reported. Therefore, the chemical constituents of this species were investigated. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an analytical method to monitor the concentration of delavinone. An UPLC-MS/MS method was established to determine delavinone in the mouse blood, and the pharmacokinetics of delavinone after intravenous (1.0 mg/kg) and intragastric (2.5, 10.0 mg/kg) administration were studied. The lower limit of quantification was 1.0 ng/mL. The intraday and interday precision RSD were less than 13%, the accuracy ranged from 96.8% to 104.9%, the average recovery was better than 80.6%, and the matrix effect was between 88.8% and 103.4%. The UPLC-MS/MS method has been successfully applied to the pharmacokinetics of delavinone in mice. The noncompartment model was used to fit the main pharmacokinetic parameters. It was found that AUC in mice was higher than that in mice given orally, and the bioavailability of delavinone was 12.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanghu Wang
- The Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhang
- Analytical and Testing Centre, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zheng Yu
- Analytical and Testing Centre, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Cheng Han
- Analytical and Testing Centre, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xianqin Wang
- Analytical and Testing Centre, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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Yang ST, Lin YR, Wu MY, Chiang JH, Yang PS, Hsia TC, Yen HR. Utilization of Chinese medicine for respiratory discomforts by patients with a medical history of tuberculosis in Taiwan. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:313. [PMID: 30497462 PMCID: PMC6267063 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2377-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the world’s major communicable infectious diseases, and it still imposes a great health burden in developing countries. The development of drug-resistant TB during the treatment increases the treatment complexity, and the long-term pulmonary complications after completing treatment raise the epidemic health burden. This study intended to investigate the utilization of Chinese medicine (CM) for respiratory symptoms by patients with a medical history of TB in Taiwan. Methods We analyzed a cohort of one million individuals who were randomly selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. The inclusion criteria of patients (n = 7905) with history of TB (ICD-9-CM codes 010–018 and A02) were: (1) TB diagnosed between January 1, 1997 and December 31, 2010 (2) 18 years old or over (3) Clinical records for at least 2 months with complete demographic information (4) Record of treatment with first-line TB medication prescriptions. CM users for conditions other than respiratory discomforts (n = 3980) were excluded. Finally, a total of 3925 TB patients were categorized as: CM users for respiratory discomforts (n = 2051) and non-CM users (n = 1874). Results Among the 3925 subjects, 2051 (52.25%) were CM users, and 1874 (44.753%) were non-CM users. Female patients and those who were younger (18–39 y/o) and who lived in urbanized areas relatively tended to be CM users (p < .0001). Most of the CM users (1944, 94.78%) received Chinese medicines. The most commonly prescribed herbal formulas and single herbs were Xiao-Qing-Long-Tang and Radix Platycodonis (Jie-Geng), respectively. The core pattern of Chinese medicines for TB patients consisted of Ma-Xing-Gan-Shi-Tang, Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii (Bei-Mu), Radix Platycodonis (Jie-Geng) and Semen Armeniacae (Xing-Ren). Conclusions The use of CM is popular among patients with a medical history of TB complicated with long-term respiratory discomforts in Taiwan. Further pharmacological investigations and clinical trials are required.
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