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Curiel JA, de la Bastida AR, Langa S, Peirotén Á, Landete JM. Characterization and stabilization of GluLm and its application to deglycosylate dietary flavonoids and lignans. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:80. [PMID: 38189949 PMCID: PMC10774645 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12956-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
This study describes the characterization of the recombinant GH3 aryl-β-glucosidase "GluLm" from Limosilactobacillus mucosae INIA P508, followed by its immobilization on an agarose support with the aim of developing an efficient application to increase the availability and concentration of flavonoid and lignan aglycones in a vegetal beverage. In previous studies, heterologous GluLm-producing strains demonstrated a great capacity to deglycosylate flavonoids. Nevertheless, the physicochemical properties and substrate spectrum of the enzyme remained unknown up to now. A high production of purified GluLm was achieved (14 mg L-1). GluLm exhibited optimal activity at broad ranges of pH (5.0-8.0) and temperature (25-60°C), as well as high affinity (Km of 0.10 mmol L-1) and specific constant (86554.0 mmol L-1 s-1) against p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside. Similar to other GH3 β-glucosidases described in lactic acid bacteria, GluLm exhibited β-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, and β-fucosidase activities. However, this study has revealed for the first time that a GH3 β-glucosidase is capable to hydrolyze different families of glycosylated phenolics such as flavonoids and secoiridoids. Although it exhibited low thermal stability, immobilization of GluLm improved its thermostability and allowed the development of a beverage based on soybeans and flaxseed extract with high concentration of bioactive isoflavone (daidzein, genistein), lignan (secoisolariciresinol, pinoresinol, and matairesinol), and other flavonoid aglycones. KEY POINTS: • Limosilactobacillus mucosae INIA P508 GluLm was purified and biochemically characterized • Immobilized GluLm efficiently deglycosylated flavonoids and lignans from a vegetal beverage • A viable application to produce vegetal beverages with a high content of aglycones is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Curiel
- Food Technology Department, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA-CSIC), Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Ruiz de la Bastida
- Food Technology Department, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA-CSIC), Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Langa
- Food Technology Department, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA-CSIC), Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángela Peirotén
- Food Technology Department, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA-CSIC), Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Landete
- Food Technology Department, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA-CSIC), Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Zhu J, Cai Z, Song Z, Li Y, Shim YY, Reaney MJT, Lee YY, Wang Y, Zhang N. Bioconversion of lignans in flaxseed cake by fermented tofu microbiota and isolation of Enterococcus faecium strain ZB26 responsible for converting secoisolariciresinol diglucoside to enterodiol. Food Chem 2024; 457:140077. [PMID: 38905833 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Human intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in converting secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, a lignan found in flaxseed, to enterodiol, which has a range of health benefits: antioxidative, antitumor, and estrogenic/anti-estrogenic effects. Given the high secoisolariciresinol diglucoside content in flaxseed cake, this study investigated the potential of co-fermenting flaxseed cake with fermented soybean product to isolate bacterial strains that effectively convert secoisolariciresinol diglucoside to enterodiol in a controlled environment (in vitro). The co-fermentation process with stinky tofu microbiota significantly altered the lignan, generating 12 intermediate lignan metabolites as identified by targeted metabolomics. One particular promising strain, ZB26, demonstrated an impressive ability to convert secoisolariciresinol diglucoside. It achieved a conversion rate of 87.42 ± 0.33%, with secoisolariciresinol and enterodiol generation rates of 94.22 ± 0.51% and 2.91 ± 0.03%, respectively. Further optimization revealed, under specific conditions (0.5 mM secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, pH 8, 30 °C for 3 days), ZB26 could convert an even higher percentage (97.75 ± 0.05%) of the secoisolariciresinol diglucoside to generate secoisolariciresinol (103.02 ± 0.16%) and enterodiol (3.18 ± 0.31%). These findings suggest that the identified strains ZB26 have promising potential for developing functional foods and ingredients enriched with lignans.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiaQi Zhu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Joint International Research Centre of Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition, and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Zizhe Cai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Joint International Research Centre of Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition, and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Ziliang Song
- Guangdong Joint International Research Centre of Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition, and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada.
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Joint International Research Centre of Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition, and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Youn Young Shim
- Guangdong Joint International Research Centre of Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition, and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada.
| | - Martin J T Reaney
- Guangdong Joint International Research Centre of Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition, and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada.
| | - Yee Ying Lee
- School of Science, Monash University, Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor.
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Joint International Research Centre of Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition, and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Joint International Research Centre of Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition, and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Feng C, Wu Y, Cai Z, Song Z, Shim YY, Reaney MJT, Wang Y, Zhang N. A comparative study on flaxseed lignan biotransformation through resting cell catalysis and microbial fermentation by β-glucosidase production Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:5869-5881. [PMID: 38407005 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flax lignan has attracted much attention because of its potential bioactivities. However, the bioavailability of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), the main lignan in flaxseed, depends on the bioconversion by the colon bacteria. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with β-glucosidase activity has found wide application in preparing bioactive aglycone. RESULTS LAB strains with good β-glucosidase activity were isolated from fermented tofu. Their bioconversion of flax lignan extract was investigated by resting cell catalysis and microbial fermentation, and the metabolism of SDG by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum C5 following fermentation was characterized by widely targeted metabolomics. Five L. plantarum strains producing β-glucosidase with broad substrate specificity were isolated and identified, and they all can transform SDG into secoisolariciresinol (SECO). L. plantarum C5 resting cell reached a maximum SDG conversion of 49.19 ± 3.75%, and SECO generation of 21.49 ± 1.32% (0.215 ± 0.013 mm) at an SDG substrate concentration of 1 mM and 0.477 ± 0.003 mm SECO was produced at 4 mm within 24 h. Although sixteen flax lignan metabolites were identified following the fermentation of SDG extract by L. plantarum C5, among them, four were produced following the fermentation: SECO, demethyl-SECO, demethyl-dehydroxy-SECO and isolariciresinol. Moreover, seven lignans increased significantly. CONCLUSION Fermentation significantly increased the profile and level of flax lignan metabolites, and the resting cell catalysis benefits from higher bioconversion efficiency and more straightforward product separation. Resting cell catalysis and microbial fermentation of flax lignan extract by the isolated β-glucosidase production L. plantarum could be potentially applied in preparing flax lignan ingredients and fermented flaxseed. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Feng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Joint International Research Centre of Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - You Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Joint International Research Centre of Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zizhe Cai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Joint International Research Centre of Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziliang Song
- Guangdong Joint International Research Centre of Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Youn Young Shim
- Guangdong Joint International Research Centre of Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Martin J T Reaney
- Guangdong Joint International Research Centre of Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Joint International Research Centre of Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Joint International Research Centre of Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Taghizadeh Ghassab F, Shamlou Mahmoudi F, Taheri Tinjani R, Emami Meibodi A, Zali MR, Yadegar A. Probiotics and the microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurodegeneration: Beneficial effects and mechanistic insights. Life Sci 2024; 350:122748. [PMID: 38843992 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a group of heterogeneous disorders with a high socioeconomic burden. Although pharmacotherapy is currently the principal therapeutic approach for the management of NDs, mounting evidence supports the notion that the protracted application of available drugs would abate their dopaminergic outcomes in the long run. The therapeutic application of microbiome-based modalities has received escalating attention in biomedical works. In-depth investigations of the bidirectional communication between the microbiome in the gut and the brain offer a multitude of targets for the treatment of NDs or maximizing the patient's quality of life. Probiotic administration is a well-known microbial-oriented approach to modulate the gut microbiota and potentially influence the process of neurodegeneration. Of note, there is a strong need for further investigation to map out the mechanistic prospects for the gut-brain axis and the clinical efficacy of probiotics. In this review, we discuss the importance of microbiome modulation and hemostasis via probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics and synbiotics in ameliorating pathological neurodegenerative events. Also, we meticulously describe the underlying mechanism of action of probiotics and their metabolites on the gut-brain axis in different NDs. We suppose that the present work will provide a functional direction for the use of probiotic-based modalities in promoting current practical treatments for the management of neurodegenerative-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Taghizadeh Ghassab
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shamlou Mahmoudi
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Taheri Tinjani
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armitasadat Emami Meibodi
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Yadegar
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Chen J, Chen H, Feng C, Chen Q, Fang X, Wang Y, Zhang N. Anti-inflammatory effect of lignans from flaxseed after fermentation by lactiplantibacillus plantarum SCB0151 in vitro. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:134. [PMID: 38480613 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03945-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Lignan, a beneficial constituent of Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) showed great interest in researchers because of its multiple functional properties. Nonetheless, a challenge arises due to the glycosidic structure of lignans, which the gut epithelium cannot readily absorb. Therefore, we screened 18 strains of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Lacticaseibacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Pediococcus acidilactici, and Enterococcus durans to remove glycosides from flaxseed lignan extract enzymatically. Among our findings, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SCB0151 showed the highest activity of β-glucosidase (8.91 ± 0.04 U/mL) and higher transformed efficiency of Secoisolariciresinol (SECO) (8.21 ± 0.13%). The conversion rate of Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) and the generation rate of SECO was 58.30 ± 3.78% and 32.13 ± 2.78%, respectively, under the optimized conditions. According to the LC-HRMSMS analysis, SECO (68.55 ± 6.57 µM), Ferulic acid (FA) (32.12 ± 2.50 µM), and Coumaric acid (CA) (79.60 ± 6.21 µM) were identified in the biotransformation products (TP) of flaxseed lignan extract. Results revealed that the TP exhibited a more pronounced anti-inflammatory effect than the flaxseed lignan extract. SECO, FA, and CA demonstrated a more inhibitory effect on NO than that of SDG. The expression of iNOS and COX-2 was significantly suppressed by TP treatment in LPS-induced Raw264.7 cells. The secretion of IL-6, IL-2, and IL-1β decreased by 87.09 ± 0.99%, 45.40 ± 0.87%, and 53.18 ± 0.83%, respectively, at 60 µg/mL of TP treatment. Given these data, the bioavailability of flaxseed lignan extract and its anti-inflammatory effect were significantly enhanced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SCB0151, which provided a novel approach to commercializing flaxseed lignan extract for functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Chengcheng Feng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- National Center of Quality Inspection and Testing on Air Purification Products, Guangzhou Institute of Microbiology Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Vita AA, Roberts KM, Gundersen A, Farris Y, Zwickey H, Bradley R, Weir TL. Relationships between Habitual Polyphenol Consumption and Gut Microbiota in the INCLD Health Cohort. Nutrients 2024; 16:773. [PMID: 38542685 PMCID: PMC10974568 DOI: 10.3390/nu16060773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
While polyphenol consumption is often associated with an increased abundance of beneficial microbes and decreased opportunistic pathogens, these relationships are not completely described for polyphenols consumed via habitual diet, including culinary herb and spice consumption. This analysis of the International Cohort on Lifestyle Determinants of Health (INCLD Health) cohort uses a dietary questionnaire and 16s microbiome data to examine relationships between habitual polyphenol consumption and gut microbiota in healthy adults (n = 96). In this exploratory analysis, microbial taxa, but not diversity measures, differed by levels of dietary polyphenol consumption. Taxa identified as exploratory biomarkers of daily polyphenol consumption (mg/day) included Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Enterococcus, Eubacterium ventriosum group, Ruminococcus torques group, and Sutterella. Taxa identified as exploratory biomarkers of the frequency of polyphenol-weighted herb and spice use included Lachnospiraceae UCG-001, Lachnospiraceae UCG-004, Methanobrevibacter, Lachnoclostridium, and Lachnotalea. Several of the differentiating taxa carry out activities important for human health, although out of these taxa, those with previously described pro-inflammatory qualities in certain contexts displayed inverse relationships with polyphenol consumption. Our results suggest that higher quantities of habitual polyphenol consumption may support an intestinal environment where opportunistic and pro-inflammatory bacteria are represented in a lower relative abundance compared to those with less potentially virulent qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Adorno Vita
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR 97201, USA
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Kristen M. Roberts
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Anders Gundersen
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Yuliya Farris
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Biological Sciences Division, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Heather Zwickey
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Ryan Bradley
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR 97201, USA
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Tiffany L. Weir
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Yu WX, Tang HH, Ye JJ, Xiao HH, Lam CY, Shum TF, Sun ZK, Li YZ, Zang XY, Du WC, Zhang JP, Kong TH, Zhou LP, Chiou JC, Kung CF, Mok KW, Hu J, Wong MS. Identification of the Microbial Transformation Products of Secoisolariciresinol Using an Untargeted Metabolomics Approach and Evaluation of the Osteogenic Activities of the Metabolites. Molecules 2023; 28:5742. [PMID: 37570714 PMCID: PMC10420892 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Secoisolariciresinol (SECO) is one of the major lignans occurring in various grains, seeds, fruits, and vegetables. The gut microbiota plays an important role in the biotransformation of dietary lignans into enterolignans, which might exhibit more potent bioactivities than the precursor lignans. This study aimed to identify, synthesize, and evaluate the microbial metabolites of SECO and to develop efficient lead compounds from the metabolites for the treatment of osteoporosis. SECO was fermented with human gut microbiota in anaerobic or micro-aerobic environments at different time points. Samples derived from microbial transformation were analyzed using an untargeted metabolomics approach for metabolite identification. Nine metabolites were identified and synthesized. Their effects on cell viability, osteoblastic differentiation, and gene expression were examined. The results showed that five of the microbial metabolites exerted potential osteogenic effects similar to those of SECO or better. The results suggested that the enterolignans might account for the osteoporotic effects of SECO in vivo. Thus, the presence of the gut microbiota could offer a good way to form diverse enterolignans with bone-protective effects. The current study improves our understanding of the microbial transformation products of SECO and provides new approaches for new candidate identification in the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xuan Yu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; (W.-X.Y.); (H.-H.T.); (H.-H.X.); (C.-Y.L.); (T.-F.S.); (T.-H.K.); (J.-C.C.); (M.-S.W.)
| | - Hok-Him Tang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; (W.-X.Y.); (H.-H.T.); (H.-H.X.); (C.-Y.L.); (T.-F.S.); (T.-H.K.); (J.-C.C.); (M.-S.W.)
| | - Jun-Jie Ye
- Increasepharm (Tianjin) Innovative Medicine Institute Limited, Tianjin 300382, China; (J.-J.Y.); (Z.-K.S.); (Y.-Z.L.); (X.-Y.Z.); (W.-C.D.); (J.-P.Z.)
| | - Hui-Hui Xiao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; (W.-X.Y.); (H.-H.T.); (H.-H.X.); (C.-Y.L.); (T.-F.S.); (T.-H.K.); (J.-C.C.); (M.-S.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen Research Institute of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Chung-Yan Lam
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; (W.-X.Y.); (H.-H.T.); (H.-H.X.); (C.-Y.L.); (T.-F.S.); (T.-H.K.); (J.-C.C.); (M.-S.W.)
| | - Tim-Fat Shum
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; (W.-X.Y.); (H.-H.T.); (H.-H.X.); (C.-Y.L.); (T.-F.S.); (T.-H.K.); (J.-C.C.); (M.-S.W.)
| | - Zhi-Kang Sun
- Increasepharm (Tianjin) Innovative Medicine Institute Limited, Tianjin 300382, China; (J.-J.Y.); (Z.-K.S.); (Y.-Z.L.); (X.-Y.Z.); (W.-C.D.); (J.-P.Z.)
| | - Yuan-Zhen Li
- Increasepharm (Tianjin) Innovative Medicine Institute Limited, Tianjin 300382, China; (J.-J.Y.); (Z.-K.S.); (Y.-Z.L.); (X.-Y.Z.); (W.-C.D.); (J.-P.Z.)
| | - Xin-Yu Zang
- Increasepharm (Tianjin) Innovative Medicine Institute Limited, Tianjin 300382, China; (J.-J.Y.); (Z.-K.S.); (Y.-Z.L.); (X.-Y.Z.); (W.-C.D.); (J.-P.Z.)
| | - Wen-Chao Du
- Increasepharm (Tianjin) Innovative Medicine Institute Limited, Tianjin 300382, China; (J.-J.Y.); (Z.-K.S.); (Y.-Z.L.); (X.-Y.Z.); (W.-C.D.); (J.-P.Z.)
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Increasepharm (Tianjin) Innovative Medicine Institute Limited, Tianjin 300382, China; (J.-J.Y.); (Z.-K.S.); (Y.-Z.L.); (X.-Y.Z.); (W.-C.D.); (J.-P.Z.)
| | - Tsz-Hung Kong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; (W.-X.Y.); (H.-H.T.); (H.-H.X.); (C.-Y.L.); (T.-F.S.); (T.-H.K.); (J.-C.C.); (M.-S.W.)
| | - Li-Ping Zhou
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Jia-Chi Chiou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; (W.-X.Y.); (H.-H.T.); (H.-H.X.); (C.-Y.L.); (T.-F.S.); (T.-H.K.); (J.-C.C.); (M.-S.W.)
- Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Fai Kung
- Increasepharm (HK) Limited, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Kam-Wah Mok
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; (W.-X.Y.); (H.-H.T.); (H.-H.X.); (C.-Y.L.); (T.-F.S.); (T.-H.K.); (J.-C.C.); (M.-S.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen Research Institute of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Jing Hu
- Increasepharm (Tianjin) Innovative Medicine Institute Limited, Tianjin 300382, China; (J.-J.Y.); (Z.-K.S.); (Y.-Z.L.); (X.-Y.Z.); (W.-C.D.); (J.-P.Z.)
| | - Man-Sau Wong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; (W.-X.Y.); (H.-H.T.); (H.-H.X.); (C.-Y.L.); (T.-F.S.); (T.-H.K.); (J.-C.C.); (M.-S.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen Research Institute of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China;
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Curiel JA, Landete JM. Identification and cloning of the first O-demethylase gene of isoflavones from Bifidobacterium breve INIA P734. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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Meza-Gutiérrez NN, Magallón-Servín P, Balois-Morales R, Pérez-Ramírez IF, López-Guzmán GG, Berumen-Varela G, Bautista-Rosales PU. Growth Promoting Activity of Annona muricata L. Leaf Extracts on Lactobacillus casei. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:581. [PMID: 35270049 PMCID: PMC8912565 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soursop leaves are a source of phytochemical compounds, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, hydrolyzable tannins, and acetogenins. These compounds can have several types of biological activities. Lactic acid bacteria can uptake phenolic compounds present in plants or fruits. The aim of the present work was to investigate the in vitro effect of hexane, acetone, methanolic, and aqueous extracts of soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) on the growth, motility, and biofilm formation of Lactobacillus casei, and to determine compounds related to growth. The minimum concentration promoting growth, motility (swimming, swarming, and twitching), and biofilm-forming capacity (crystal violet) were evaluated. The results showed the growth-promoting capacity of acetone and aqueous extracts at low doses 25-50 mg/L, and an inhibition in the four extracts at higher doses of 100 mg/L. The L. casei growth is related to ellagic acid, quercetin rhamnoside, kaempferol dihexoside, quercetin hexoside, secoisolariciresinol, and kaempferol hexoside-rhamnoside. Hexane extract increased the three types of motility, while aqueous maintained swimming and twitching motility similar to control. The four extracts inhibited the biofilm formation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimcy Noemí Meza-Gutiérrez
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Km 9 Carretera Tepic-Compostela, Xalisco C.P. 63180, Nayarit, Mexico; (N.N.M.-G.); (R.B.-M.)
- Unidad de Tecnología de Alimentos, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura S/N, Colonia Centro, Tepic C.P. 63000, Nayarit, Mexico;
| | - Paola Magallón-Servín
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, Km 1 Carretera a San Juan de La Costa “El Comitan”, La Paz C.P. 23205, Baja California Sur, Mexico;
- Bashan Institure of Sciences, 1730 Post Oak Ct, Auburn, AL 36830, USA
| | - Rosendo Balois-Morales
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Km 9 Carretera Tepic-Compostela, Xalisco C.P. 63180, Nayarit, Mexico; (N.N.M.-G.); (R.B.-M.)
- Unidad de Tecnología de Alimentos, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura S/N, Colonia Centro, Tepic C.P. 63000, Nayarit, Mexico;
| | - Iza Fernanda Pérez-Ramírez
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.U., Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Querétaro C.P. 76010, Querétaro, Mexico;
| | - Graciela Guadalupe López-Guzmán
- Unidad Académica de Agricultura, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Km 9 Carretera Tepic-Compostela, Xalisco C.P. 63780, Nayarit, Mexico;
| | - Guillermo Berumen-Varela
- Unidad de Tecnología de Alimentos, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura S/N, Colonia Centro, Tepic C.P. 63000, Nayarit, Mexico;
| | - Pedro Ulises Bautista-Rosales
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Km 9 Carretera Tepic-Compostela, Xalisco C.P. 63180, Nayarit, Mexico; (N.N.M.-G.); (R.B.-M.)
- Unidad de Tecnología de Alimentos, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura S/N, Colonia Centro, Tepic C.P. 63000, Nayarit, Mexico;
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10
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Hussain Zaki UK, Fryganas C, Trijsburg L, Feskens EJM, Capuano E. In vitro gastrointestinal bioaccessibility and colonic fermentation of lignans from fresh, fermented, and germinated flaxseed. Food Funct 2022; 13:10737-10747. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02559k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fermented flaxseed improves lignan (SECO) bioaccessibility in the gastrointestinal phase, release and conversion to enterolactone during colon fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umi Kalsum Hussain Zaki
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Food Science and Technology Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Christos Fryganas
- Food Quality & Design Department, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Trijsburg
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edith J. M. Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edoardo Capuano
- Food Quality & Design Department, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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11
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Langa S, Landete JM. Strategies to achieve significant physiological concentrations of bioactive phytoestrogens in plasma. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2203-2215. [PMID: 34470513 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1971946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The benefits to health attributed to the intake of phytoestrogens (PEs) have been demonstrated in previous studies with significant physiological concentrations of bioactive PEs, such as genistein, equol, enterolignans and urolithins in plasma. However, the achievement of high bioactive PE levels in plasma is restricted to a select population group, mainly due to the low intake of plant PEs and/or the absence, or inhibition, of the microbiota capable of producing these bioactive forms. In this study, the intake of plant PEs, the concentration of bioactive PEs in plasma, the ability of the intestinal microbiota to produce bioactive PEs, as well as the different mechanisms used by GRAS bacteria to increase the level of bioactive PEs were evaluated concluding that the use of GRAS bacteria bioactive PE producers and the development of fermented foods enriched in bioactive PEs in addition to a high intake of plant PEs and taking care of the intestinal microbiota, are some of the different strategies to achieve significant physiological concentrations of bioactive PEs in the intestine and, subsequently, in plasma and targets organs which are essential to improve menopausal symptoms or reduce the risk of some pathologies such as breast and colon cancer, or cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Langa
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Landete
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
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12
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Ruiz de la Bastida A, Peirotén Á, Langa S, Álvarez I, Arqués JL, Landete JM. Metabolism of flavonoids and lignans by lactobacilli and bifidobacteria strains improves the nutritional properties of flaxseed-enriched beverages. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110488. [PMID: 34399484 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is of interest as functional food because of the presence of compounds in its composition with potential health benefits, such as fatty acid omega-3, fiber, lignans and flavonoids. The bioactivity of lignans and flavonoids depends greatly on bacterial metabolism. Previously, lactobacilli and bifidobacteria strains were described to produce enterolignans and bioactive flavonoids (herbacetin, quercetin, quercetagetin, kaempferol, naringenin and eriodictyol) from flaxseed extracts and/or from secoisolariciresinol (SECO) in culture medium. In this work, cow's milk and soy beverage were supplemented with flaxseed extracts and fermented with selected lactobacilli and bifidobacteria strains. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus INIA P224, Limosilactobacillus mucosae INIA P508 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ESI 144 were capable of producing enterolactone (ENL) in both beverages supplemented with flaxseed, in addition to matairesinol and the flavonoids daidzein, genistein, glycitein, quercetin, naringenin, kaempferol and eriodictyol. On the other hand, Bifidobacterium breve INIA P367, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum INIA P815 and Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum INIA P946 were able to produce quercetin, quercetagetin and high concentrations of herbacetin and SECO, in addition to pinoresinol, matairesinol, daidzein, genistein, naringenin, kaempferol and eriodictyol. The co-incubation of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei INIA P74 and Ligilactobacillus salivarius INIA P183 with Lactococcus lactis MG1363 harboring the food grade vector pLEB590.gly913, facilitated the production of ENL in soy beverage enriched with flaxseed. In this work, it is demonstrated how lactobacilli and bifidobacteria strains can improve the nutritional properties of flaxseed-enriched beverages, providing metabolites of great interest for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ruiz de la Bastida
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángela Peirotén
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Langa
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Álvarez
- Unidad de Servicio de Técnicas Analíticas, Instrumentales y Microbiología (USTA), Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Arqués
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Mª Landete
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Potential Modulatory Microbiome Therapies for Prevention or Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14060506. [PMID: 34073220 PMCID: PMC8229898 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A disturbed interaction between the gut microbiota and the mucosal immune system plays a pivotal role in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Various compounds that are produced by the gut microbiota, from its metabolism of diverse dietary sources, have been found to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties in in vitro and in vivo models relevant to IBD. These gut microbiota-derived metabolites may have similar, or more potent gut homeostasis-promoting effects compared to the widely-studied short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Available data suggest that mainly members of the Firmicutes are responsible for producing metabolites with the aforementioned effects, a phylum that is generally underrepresented in the microbiota of IBD patients. Further efforts aiming at characterizing such metabolites and examining their properties may help to develop novel modulatory microbiome therapies to treat or prevent IBD.
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14
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McCann SE, Hullar MA, Tritchler DL, Cortes-Gomez E, Yao S, Davis W, O’Connor T, Erwin D, Thompson LU, Yan L, Lampe JW. Enterolignan Production in a Flaxseed Intervention Study in Postmenopausal US Women of African Ancestry and European Ancestry. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030919. [PMID: 33809130 PMCID: PMC8001909 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignans are phytochemicals studied extensively as dietary factors in chronic disease etiology. Our goal was to examine associations between the gut microbiota and lignan metabolism and whether these associations differ by ethnicity. We conducted a flaxseed (FS) dietary intervention in 252 healthy, postmenopausal women of African ancestry (AA) and European ancestry (EA). Participants consumed ~10 g/d ground flaxseed for 6 weeks and provided overnight urine collections and fecal samples before and after intervention. The gut microbiota was characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and differences in microbial community composition compared by ethnicity and intervention status. We observed a significant difference in the composition of the microbiota measured as beta diversity (p < 0.05) between AA and EA at baseline that was attenuated with FS consumption. Genera that were significantly associated with ENL production (e.g., Klebsiella, Lactobacillus, Slackia, Senegalimassilia) were unique to each group. Bacteria (e.g., Fusobacteria, Pyramidobacter and Odoribacter) previously associated with colorectal cancer and cardiovascular disease, both diet-related chronic diseases, were unique to either AA or EA and were significantly reduced in the FS intervention. This study suggests that ethnic variation in ENL metabolism may be linked to gut microbiota composition, and its impact on disease risk deserves future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E. McCann
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (S.Y.); (W.D.); (D.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-716-845-8842
| | - Meredith A.J. Hullar
- Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (M.A.J.H.); (J.W.L.)
| | - David L. Tritchler
- Department of Biostatistics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA;
| | - Eduardo Cortes-Gomez
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (E.C.-G.); (L.Y.)
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (S.Y.); (W.D.); (D.E.)
| | - Warren Davis
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (S.Y.); (W.D.); (D.E.)
| | - Tracey O’Connor
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA;
| | - Deborah Erwin
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (S.Y.); (W.D.); (D.E.)
| | - Lilian U. Thompson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (E.C.-G.); (L.Y.)
| | - Johanna W. Lampe
- Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (M.A.J.H.); (J.W.L.)
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15
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Chhillar H, Chopra P, Ashfaq MA. Lignans from linseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.) and its allied species: Retrospect, introspect and prospect. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:2719-2741. [PMID: 32619358 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1784840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lignans are complex diphenolic compounds representing phytoestrogens and occur widely across the plant kingdom. Formed by the coupling of two coniferyl alcohol residues, lignans constitute major plant "specialized metabolites" with exceptional biological attributes that aid in plant defence and provide health benefits in humans by reducing the risk of ailments such as cancer, diabetes etc. Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is one of the richest sources of lignans followed by cereals and legumes. Among the various types of lignans, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) is considered as the essential and nutrient rich lignan in linseed. Lignans exhibit established antimitotic, antiviral and anti-tumor properties that contribute to their medicinal value. The present review seeks to provide a holistic view of research in the past and present times revolving around lignans from linseed and its allied species. This review attempts to elucidate sources, structures and functional properties of lignans, along with detailed biosynthetic mechanisms operating in plants. It summarizes various methods for the determination of lignan content in plants. Biotechnological interventions (in planta and in vitro) aimed at enriching lignan content and adoption of integrative approaches that might further enhance lignan content and medicinal and nutraceutical value of Linum spp. have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Chhillar
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Priyanka Chopra
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Ashraf Ashfaq
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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16
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Seyed Hameed AS, Rawat PS, Meng X, Liu W. Biotransformation of dietary phytoestrogens by gut microbes: A review on bidirectional interaction between phytoestrogen metabolism and gut microbiota. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 43:107576. [PMID: 32531317 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are a class of plant produced polyphenolic compounds with diphenolic structure, which is similar to 17β-estradiol. These phytoestrogens preferentially bind to estrogen receptors, however, with weak affinity. Recently, many studies have found that these phytoestrogens can be transformed by gut microbiota through novel enzymatic reactions into metabolites with altered bioactivity. Recent studies have also implied that these metabolites could possibly modulate the host gut ecosystem, gene expression, metabolism and the immune system. Thus, isolating gut microbes capable of biotransforming phytoestrogens and characterizing the novel enzymatic reactions involved are principal to understand the mechanisms of beneficial effects brought by gut microbiota and their metabolism on phytoestrogens, and to provide the theoretical knowledge for the development of functional probiotics. In the present review, we summarized works on gut microbial biotransformation of phytoestrogens, including daidzin (isoflavone), phenylnaringenin (prenylflavonoid), lignans, resveratrol (stilbene) and ellagitannins. We mainly focus on gut bacterial isolation, metabolic pathway characterization, and the bidirectional interaction of phytoestrogens with gut microbes to illustrate the novel metabolic capability of gut microbiota and the methods used in these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahkam Saddam Seyed Hameed
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No.72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Parkash Singh Rawat
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No.72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Xiangfeng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No.72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, PR China.
| | - Weifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No.72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, PR China
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17
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18
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Expression of a β-glucosidase in bacteria with biotechnological interest confers them the ability to deglycosylate lignans and flavonoids in vegetal foods. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:4903-4913. [PMID: 32270251 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10588-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lignans and flavonoids are found in plants in their glycosylated forms and need to be hydrolyzed to aglycones to become bioavailable. Putative β-glucosidase genes from Lactobacillus mucosae INIA P508 were inserted into the plasmid pNZ:TuR. The strain Lactococcus lactis MG1363 harboring the plasmid pNZ:TuR.glu913 showed high β-glucosidase activity and was able to transform secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) into secoisolariciresinol (SECO). Lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacterium strains harboring pNZ:TuR.glu913 were incubated with a soy beverage supplemented with flax seed extracts. SDG was almost completely consumed by the transformed strains, while concentration of SECO greatly increased. Moreover, these strains showed high deglycosylation of the isoflavone glycosides daidzin and genistin. In addition, other lignan and flavonoid aglycones were produced, i.e. matairesinol, pinoresinol, quercetin, and eriodyctiol. These deglycosylase activities were maintained when this glucosidase gene was cloned in a food grade vector, pLEB590, and transformed into L. lactis MG1363. This is the first report of the use of a food grade plasmid that confers the ability to efficiently catalyze the deglycosylation of lignans, isoflavonoids, flavones, and flavanones. The recombinant bacteria of this study would be of value for the development of fermented vegetal foods enriched in bioavailable forms of lignans and flavonoids.
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20
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Peirotén Á, Gaya P, Álvarez I, Mª Landete J. Production of O-desmethylangolensin, tetrahydrodaidzein, 6'-hydroxy-O-desmethylangolensin and 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid in fermented soy beverage by lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacterium strains. Food Chem 2020; 318:126521. [PMID: 32151927 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Isoflavones intake is associated with health benefits. The metabolism of isoflavones by bacteria plays a key role in their biotransformation. Therefore, commercial soy drink was fermented by 11 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and 9 bifidobacteria strains. The majority of the strains showed deglycosylation of the isoflavone glycosides present in soy drink and appearance of the aglycones daidzein, genistein and glycitein. Moreover, we observed the further transformation of daidzein into O-desmethylangolensin (O-DMA) and tetrahydrodaidzein, alongside with dihydrodaidzein (DHD) and a putative isomer of DHD. On the other hand, genistein was transformed by nearly all strains into 6-hydroxy-O-desmethylangolensin (6-hydroxy-O-DMA), but no dihydrogenistein production was registered. A high concentration of 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid was observed, suggesting the degradation of O-DMA and 6-hydroxy-O-DMA. The potential of LAB and Bifidobacterium strains to produce functional soy drink enriched with bioactive isoflavones is demonstrated in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Peirotén
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera de la Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Gaya
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera de la Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Álvarez
- Unidad de Servicio de Técnicas Analíticas, Instrumentales y Microbiología (USTA), Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Mª Landete
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera de la Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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21
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Hiramatsu EY, de Ávila ARA, Gênova VM, de Queirós LD, Macedo GA, Martins IM, Macedo JA. Biotransformation processes in soymilk isoflavones to enhance anti-inflammatory potential in intestinal cellular model. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13149. [PMID: 31960461 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated, in in vitro cellular model, the modulation of intestinal inflammation by biotransformed soymilk with tannase and probiotic strains. The ability to reduce the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant power of soy extracts were also evaluated. The results showed changes in isoflavones profile after biotransformation processes, with a significative enhancement in aglycones content. Reduction in intracellular ROS production and improvement in antioxidant capacity were observed. Anti-inflammatory responses in Caco-2 cells were also expressive. A significative decrease in interleukin 8 (IL-8) level was detected for all biotransformed samples, especially for extracts with tannase. The biotransformed soy extracts by tannase have a great potential to improve health conditions, defending the intestinal cells of oxidative damage, and acting as a possible adjuvant in inflammatory process. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Soy isoflavones have been explored owing to health benefits. Only glycosylated forms are found in high concentrations in soybeans. So, microbial and enzymatic biotransformation processes aiming to increase aglycones and metabolites appear as an attractive option to enlarge the bioactivity of soy products. The present study showed a positive impact of biotransformed soymilk on antioxidant defenses systems and modulation of intestinal inflammation and could act as a nutraceutical agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Yumi Hiramatsu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Vanize Martins Gênova
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Lívia Dias de Queirós
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Alves Macedo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Isabela Mateus Martins
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Juliana Alves Macedo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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Peirotén Á, Bravo D, Landete JM. Bacterial metabolism as responsible of beneficial effects of phytoestrogens on human health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:1922-1937. [PMID: 31161778 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1622505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens (PE) are compounds found in plants such as soy (isoflavones), flax seeds and cereals (lignans) and pomegranates (ellagitannins). PE have shown estrogenic/antiestrogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic and apoptotic activities. The human studies are showing promising although inconsistent results about the beneficial effects of PE on ameliorating the menopausal symptoms or reducing the risk of certain cancers, cardiovascular disease or diabetes. The effects of PE on the organism are mediated by the intestinal microbiota, which transforms them into bioactive PE such as genistein, equol, enterolignans and certain urolithins. In this work, we review the most recent findings about the bacteria able to metabolize PE, together with the latest studies on the effects of PE on health. In addition, we describe the possible factors hindering the demonstration of the beneficial effect of PE on health, evincing the importance of measuring the actual circulating PE in order to encompass the variability of PE metabolism due to the intestinal microbiota. With this in mind, we also explore an approach to ensure the access to bioactive PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Peirotén
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Bravo
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Landete
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
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Lambert MNT, Jeppesen PB. Isoflavones and bone health in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2018; 21:475-480. [PMID: 30239339 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Isoflavones exert estrogenic activity distinct from estrogen, they have the potential to treat diseases and symptoms related to estrogen deficiency with minimal side effects and risks. Isoflavone supplementation, in general, is shown to exert beneficial effects against estrogen-deficient bone loss in women, however, some clinical trials still produce conflicting findings. The purpose of this review is to highlight and summarize the most recent and up-to-date research in the field and to bring attention to factors that play a major role in the outcomes of clinical trials that investigate phytoestrogens. Here, we also discuss the latest and most relevant data regarding the clinical safety of these substances. RECENT FINDINGS Isoflavones are naturally occurring secondary metabolites found in the Fabacaea plant family. Clinical data from isoflavone interventions support that aglycones (abundant in fermented products) exert enhanced beneficial effects against estrogen-deficient bone loss in women compared with isoflavone glycosides. Studies that employ methods to determine isoflavone content and form of treatments are more likely detect beneficial effects on bone. EFSA have confirmed the safety of isoflavones for women in the most comprehensive report to date. SUMMARY Isoflavone aglycones exert greater effects against bone loss than glycosides. Isoflavones show promise as a first-line prophylactic/treatment for bone loss in women.
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Peirotén Á, Gaya P, Álvarez I, Bravo D, Landete JM. Influence of different lignan compounds on enterolignan production by Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus strains. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 289:17-23. [PMID: 30193121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Enterolignans, i.e. enterodiol and enterolactone, are polyphenols derived from the microbial metabolism of dietary lignans. They are considered phytoestrogens because of their estrogenic/antiestrogenic activity, which confers them benefits to human health when they reach sufficient levels in plasma. Hence, there is a great interest in studying the bacteria involved in enterolignan production. In the present study, three bifidobacterial strains (Bifidobacterium bifidum INIA P466, Bifidobacterium catenulatum INIA P732 and Bifidobacterium pseudolongum INIA P2) were found capable of producing low levels of enterodiol (2-11 μM) from lignan extracts; while another one (Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum INIA P946) was found to produce an important increment of the lignan secoisolariciresinol (SECO). Subsequently, the three enterodiol-producing bifidobacteria and another three Lactobacillus strains previously identified as enterolignans producers (Lactobacillus gasseri INIA P508, Lactobacillus salivarius INIA P448 and Lb. salivarius INIA P183), were tested on pure lignans yielding both enterodiol and enterolactone from secoisolariciresinol (SECO), while they did not metabolised the other lignan tested (i.e. matairesinol). B. catenulatum INIA P732 and Lb. gasseri INIA P508 were the strains that transformed the greatest percentage of SECO, yielding enterolactone concentrations above 2 mM. In addition, the formation of the intermediate compound dihydroxyenterodiol was observed as part of SECO transformation by all the strains. In this work, we have demonstrated for the first time how strains of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are capable of carrying out the complete enterolignan metabolism, transforming a purified lignan (SECO) into enterodiol and enterolactone. The isolation and characterization of bacteria able to metabolize lignans and produce enterolignans, especially belonging to Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus genera, is of biotechnological interest, because of their potential application in functional foods and as probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Peirotén
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Gaya
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Álvarez
- Unidad de Servicio de Técnicas Analíticas, Instrumentales y Microbiología (USTA), Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Bravo
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Mª Landete
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum INIA P815: The first bacterium able to produce urolithins A and B from ellagic acid. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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