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Santonocito D, Campisi A, Pellitteri R, Sposito G, Basilicata MG, Aquino G, Pepe G, Sarpietro MG, Pittalà MGG, Schoubben A, Pignatello R, Puglia C. Lipid Nanoparticles Loading Steroidal Alkaloids of Tomatoes Affect Neuroblastoma Cell Viability in an In Vitro Model. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2573. [PMID: 38004552 PMCID: PMC10675799 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Tomato by-products represent a good source of phytochemical compounds with health properties, such as the steroidal glycoalkaloid α-tomatine (α-TM) and its aglycone tomatidine (TD). Both molecules have numerous beneficial properties, such as potential anticancer activity. Unfortunately, their therapeutic application is limited due to stability and bioavailability issues. Therefore, a valid strategy seems to be their encapsulation into Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN). The nanoformulations containing α-TM (α-TM-SLN) and TD (TD-SLN) were prepared by solvent-diffusion technique and subsequently characterized in terms of technological parameters (particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, microscopy, and calorimetric studies). To assess the effect of α-TM and TD on the percentage of cellular viability in Olfactory Ensheathing Cells (OECs), a peculiar glial cell type of the olfactory system used as normal cells, and in SH-SY5Y, a neuroblastoma cancer cell line, an MTT test was performed. In addition, the effects of empty, α-TM-SLN, and TD-SLN were tested. Our results show that the treatment of OECs with blank-SLN, free α-TM (0.25 µg/mL), and TD (0.50 µg/mL) did not induce any significant change in the percentage of cell viability when compared with the control. In contrast, in SH-SY5Y-treated cells, a significant decrease in the percentage of cell viability when compared with the control was found. In particular, the effect appeared more evident when SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to α-TM-SLN and TD-SLN. No significant effect in blank-SLN-treated SH-SY5T cells was observed. Therefore, SLN is a promising approach for the delivery of α-TM and TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Santonocito
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (G.S.); (M.G.S.); (R.P.)
- NANOMED-Research Center on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Agatina Campisi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (G.S.); (M.G.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Rosalia Pellitteri
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Sposito
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (G.S.); (M.G.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Manuela Giovanna Basilicata
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; (M.G.B.); (G.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Giovanna Aquino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; (M.G.B.); (G.A.); (G.P.)
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pepe
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; (M.G.B.); (G.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Maria Grazia Sarpietro
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (G.S.); (M.G.S.); (R.P.)
| | | | - Aurelie Schoubben
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Rosario Pignatello
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (G.S.); (M.G.S.); (R.P.)
- NANOMED-Research Center on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelo Puglia
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (G.S.); (M.G.S.); (R.P.)
- NANOMED-Research Center on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
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Mkhari T, Kaseke T, Fawole OA. Encapsulation of betalain-rich extract from beetroot postharvest waste using a binary blend of gum Arabic and maltodextrin to promote a food circular bioeconomy. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1235372. [PMID: 37720382 PMCID: PMC10501802 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1235372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The present study evaluated the potential of maltodextrin (MT), gum Arabic (GA), and their blends to produce functional beetroot waste extract powder (BWEP). Methods The beetroot waste extracts were produced using 50% ethanol and encapsulated using 10% (1:10, w/v) of the GA and MT carriers at different blending ratios, namely, GA:MT 1:0, GA:MT 0:1, GA:MT 1:1, GA:MT 2:1, and GA:MT 1:2, respectively. The BWEP were analyzed for physicochemical, technofunctional, morphological, crystallinity, and antioxidant properties. Results BWEP produced using either GA or MT exhibited better color, solubility, encapsulation efficiency, and betalain content. Powders from the blends of GA and MT showed better oil holding capacity and total phenolic content. On the other hand, powder yield, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, bulk density, and DPPH radical scavenging activity did not significantly differ (p > 0.05) among the powders. BWEP produced using GA and MT separately was relatively smaller and more regular compared to the powders from the blended biopolymers. All powders showed signs of agglomeration, which was more pronounced in the powders from the blended biopolymers. A total of 16 metabolites, including betalains (9), phenolic acids (2), and flavonoids (5), were tentatively identified. The majority of the metabolites were entrapped in the BWEP produced using GA and MT separately. The quantified metabolites included gallic acid (33.62-44.83 μg/g DM), (+)-catechin (32.82-35.84 μg/g DM), (-)-epicatechin (37.78-45.89 μg/g DM), and myricetin (30.07-35.84 μg/g DM), which were significantly higher in the BWEP produced from GA or MT separately. Discussion The study showed that although blending GA and MT has the potential to improve the quality of BWEP, using these biopolymers separately showed a promise to promote a food circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tshamisane Mkhari
- Postharvest and Agroprocessing Research Centre, Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Tafadzwa Kaseke
- Postharvest and Agroprocessing Research Centre, Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olaniyi Amos Fawole
- Postharvest and Agroprocessing Research Centre, Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Zhu C, Chen J, Zhao C, Liu X, Chen Y, Liang J, Cao J, Wang Y, Sun C. Advances in extraction and purification of citrus flavonoids. FOOD FRONTIERS 2023; 4:750-781. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
AbstractFlavonoids are the representative active substances of citrus with various biological activities and high nutritional value. In order to evaluate and utilize citrus flavonoids, isolation and purification are necessary steps. This manuscript reviewed the research advances in the extraction and purification of citrus flavonoids. The structure classification, the plant and nutritional functions, and the biosynthesis of citrus flavonoids were summarized. The characteristics of citrus flavonoids and the selection of separation strategies were explained. The technical system of extraction and purification of citrus flavonoids was systematically described. Finally, outlook and research directions were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang‐Qing Zhu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Jie‐Biao Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Chen‐Ning Zhao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Xiao‐Juan Liu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Yun‐Yi Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Jiao‐Jiao Liang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Jin‐Ping Cao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Chong‐De Sun
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Fruit Science Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
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Borghi SM, Zaninelli TH, Carra JB, Heintz OK, Baracat MM, Georgetti SR, Vicentini FTMC, Verri WA, Casagrande R. Therapeutic Potential of Controlled Delivery Systems in Asthma: Preclinical Development of Flavonoid-Based Treatments. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010001. [PMID: 36678631 PMCID: PMC9865502 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease with increasing prevalence and incidence, manifested by allergic inflammatory reactions, and is life-threatening for patients with severe disease. Repetitive challenges with the allergens and limitation of treatment efficacy greatly dampens successful management of asthma. The adverse events related to several drugs currently used, such as corticosteroids and β-agonists, and the low rigorous adherence to preconized protocols likely compromises a more assertive therapy. Flavonoids represent a class of natural compounds with extraordinary antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, with their potential benefits already demonstrated for several diseases, including asthma. Advanced technology has been used in the pharmaceutical field to improve the efficacy and safety of drugs. Notably, there is also an increasing interest for the application of these techniques using natural products as active molecules. Flavones, flavonols, flavanones, and chalcones are examples of flavonoid compounds that were tested in controlled delivery systems for asthma treatment, and which achieved better treatment results in comparison to their free forms. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the development of novel controlled delivery systems to enhance the therapeutic potential of flavonoids as active molecules for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio M. Borghi
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Center for Research in Health Sciences, University of Northern Paraná, Londrina 86041-120, PR, Brazil
| | - Tiago H. Zaninelli
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Jéssica B. Carra
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Olivia K. Heintz
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marcela M. Baracat
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-440, PR, Brazil
| | - Sandra R. Georgetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-440, PR, Brazil
| | - Fabiana T. M. C. Vicentini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: or (W.A.V.); or (R.C.); Tel.: +55-43-3371-4979 (W.A.V.); +55-43-3371-2476 (R.C.); Fax: +55-43-3371-4387 (W.A.V.)
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-440, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: or (W.A.V.); or (R.C.); Tel.: +55-43-3371-4979 (W.A.V.); +55-43-3371-2476 (R.C.); Fax: +55-43-3371-4387 (W.A.V.)
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Kathuria D, Dhiman AK. Encapsulation of soy isoflavone extract by freeze drying, its stability during storage and development of isoflavone enriched yoghurt. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 59:4945-4955. [PMID: 36276528 PMCID: PMC9579231 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05583-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is a natural source of isoflavone. Its extract has a bitter and astringent taste and undergoes through oxidative deterioration. The study aimed at encapsulation of isoflavone extract using different carrier material through freeze drying. Maltodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, and tapioca starch were employed in 1:3 while sodium alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose in 1:1.25 as extract to carrier material ratio for encapsulation. Carrier material reflected significant (< 0.05) effect on encapsulation efficiency, isoflavone content and morphology of encapsulated extract. Maltodextrin was selected as the best material for encapsulation of isoflavone extract reflecting significantly higher encapsulation efficiency along with homogenous coating on the particle surface as examined through SEM. The band stretching in FTIR analysis also indicates the retention of functional groups after encapsulation. The encapsulated extract packed in ambered glass vials can be stored safely for a period of 6 months with a higher withholding of isoflavones under refrigerated conditions. Furthermore, encapsulated isoflavone extract was incorporated in yoghurt @ 50 mg isoflavone which improved its functional and sensory properties. About 96.83% of isoflavone was retention in yoghurt containing encapsulated extract compared to yoghurt having extract without encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Kathuria
- Dairy Chemistry Division, NDRI, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP 173230 India
| | - Anju K. Dhiman
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP 173230 India
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6
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Grace MH, Hoskin RT, Hayes M, Iorizzo M, Kay C, Ferruzzi MG, Lila MA. Spray-dried and freeze-dried protein-spinach particles; effect of drying technique and protein type on the bioaccessibility of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and phenolics. Food Chem 2022; 388:133017. [PMID: 35468465 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The effects of protein carrier and drying technique on the concentration and bioaccessibility of lipophilic compounds (lutein, β-carotene, chlorophylls a and b) and hydrophilic flavonoids in freeze-dried (FD) or spray-dried (SD) spinach juice and protein-spinach particles were investigated. Carotenoid and chlorophyll contents were highest in FD spinach juice without protein (147 and 1355 mg/100 g, respectively). For both SD and FD protein-spinach particles, SPI best protected carotenoids and chlorophylls (123 and 1160 mg/g, respectively), although the bioaccessibility of lipophilic compounds in WPI particles was higher than SPI particles (p < 0.05). For flavonoids, the drying technique was more important than the type of carrier, since FD particles had higher total flavonoids than SD. However, SD particles had higher bioaccessibility for most flavonoids (40-90 %) compared to FD (<20 %). The drying method and protein carrier can be designed to produce protein-spinach ingredients with desired concentration of compounds and bioaccessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary H Grace
- Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Roberta T Hoskin
- Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Micaela Hayes
- Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Massimo Iorizzo
- Horticulture Science Department, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Colin Kay
- Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Mario G Ferruzzi
- Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA.
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Yang ZS, Song HY, Yang KM, Chiang PY. The physicochemical properties and the release of sodium caseinate/ polysaccharide gum chlorophyll multiple-layer particles by rotary side-spray fluid bed technology. Food Chem 2022; 394:133442. [PMID: 35717923 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Multiple-layer coating technology has widely applied to the quality modification of bioactive ingredients nowadays. This research used a rotary side-spray fluid bed to manufacture chlorophyll multiple-layer particles to adjust control release characteristics. The chlorophyll extracts were coated with sodium alginate (A1) and sodium caseinate (CA1) as the primary layer on sugar spheres and the product yield was 96.98 and 96.71%, respectively. The content of chlorophyll a and b (μg/g) were 41.04 and 13.20 in A1, 47.40 and 13.68 in CA1. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the bonding change and increase stability. The CA1 was coated with sodium alginate (CA-A), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CA-C) and xanthan gum (CA-X) as the secondary layer, which can increase coated integrity, shell strength and thermal stability. The simulated gastrointestinal fluid showed 30.11% release in the stomach and 94.27% in the intestine, which improved release control characteristics. Increased retention rate and color stability in the storage test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zih-Sian Yang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuokuang Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yi Song
- Agriculture & Food Agency Council of Agriculture Executive Yuan, 15, Section 1, Hang-Zhou South Road, Taipei 10050, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Min Yang
- Department of Hospitality Management, Mingdao University, 369 Wen Hua Road, Changhua 52345, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Chiang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuokuang Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
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Ayala-Fuentes JC, Gallegos-Granados MZ, Villarreal-Gómez LJ, Antunes-Ricardo M, Grande D, Chavez-Santoscoy RA. Optimization of the Synthesis of Natural Polymeric Nanoparticles of Inulin Loaded with Quercetin: Characterization and Cytotoxicity Effect. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050888. [PMID: 35631474 PMCID: PMC9147723 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a bioactive component that is capable of having therapeutic potential in the prevention of different noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs). However, it presents instability in the gastrointestinal tract in addition to low bioavailability. One way to overcome the limitations of quercetin lies in using nanotechnology for the development of nanoparticles, based on biopolymers, that are capable of being ingestible. Inulin, a fructan-type polysaccharide, acts as a delivery system for the release of quercetin in a target cell, guaranteeing the stability of the molecule. Inulin-coated quercetin nanoparticles were synthesized by the spray dryer method, and four variables were evaluated, namely inulin concentration (5–10% w/v), feed temperature (40–60 °C), inlet temperature (100–200 °C) and outlet temperature (60–100 °C). The optimal conditions were obtained at 10% w/v inulin concentration, with 45 °C feed temperature, 120 °C inlet temperature and 60 °C outlet temperature, and the nanoparticle size was 289.75 ± 16.3 nm in water. Fluorescence microscopy indicated quercetin loading in the inulin nanoparticles, with an encapsulation efficiency of approximately 73.33 ± 7.86%. Inulin-coated quercetin nanoparticles presented effects of inhibition in Caco-2 and HepG2 cells, but not in HDFa cells. The experimental data showed the potential of inulin nanoparticles as transport materials for unstable molecules, in oral administration systems, for the encapsulation, protection and release of quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn C. Ayala-Fuentes
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Mexico;
| | - Melissa Zulahi Gallegos-Granados
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22260, Mexico; (M.Z.G.-G.); (L.J.V.-G.)
| | - Luis Jesús Villarreal-Gómez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22260, Mexico; (M.Z.G.-G.); (L.J.V.-G.)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22260, Mexico
| | - Marilena Antunes-Ricardo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Mexico;
| | - Daniel Grande
- Univ Est Creteil, CNRS, Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), 2, rue Henri Du-nant, 94320 Thiais, France;
| | - Rocio Alejandra Chavez-Santoscoy
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Mexico;
- Correspondence:
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de Souza AB, Testoni LD, Pereira TB, Quintão NLM, Santin JR, Bresolin TMB, Couto AG. Water soluble microparticles of Sambucus nigra L. (elderberry) as a potential herbal medicine. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:6116-6120. [PMID: 35337239 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2053967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Although traditional use of elderberry flowers is recognized by Medical Agencies, there are not suitable products on the Brazilian market. To overcome poor stability of tinctures of Sambucus nigra flowers, we aimed to develop spray dried microparticles. Statistical experimental design was applied taking inlet temperature and maltodextrin% at five different levels. Next, we applied a stability study for 60 days under accelerated conditions (40 °C/75% RH) and 180 days at room temperature (15-30 °C). We monitored flavonoid content as markers. The best drying condition was 188 °C and 65% of carrier and enabled microparticles with more than 90% of markers recovery. After 180 days, the dried extract remained with 90.8% at room temperature. The markers were released from microparticles in two minutes. In conclusion, the spray drying process and formulation enabled elderberry flowers to be easier to apply in solid pharmaceutical forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelita B de Souza
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Letícia D Testoni
- Pharmacy Course, Health Sciences School, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Thayna B Pereira
- Pharmacy Course, Health Sciences School, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Nara L M Quintão
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - José R Santin
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Tania M B Bresolin
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Angélica G Couto
- Posgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, Brazil
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10
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Fathi F, N Ebrahimi S, Matos LC, P P Oliveira MB, Alves RC. Emerging drying techniques for food safety and quality: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:1125-1160. [PMID: 35080792 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The new trends in drying technology seek a promising alternative to synthetic preservatives to improve the shelf-life and storage stability of food products. On the other hand, the drying process can result in deformation and degradation of phytoconstituents due to their thermal sensitivity. The main purpose of this review is to give a general overview of common drying techniques with special attention to food industrial applications, focusing on recent advances to maintain the features of the active phytoconstituents and nutrients, and improve their release and storage stability. Furthermore, a drying technique that extends the shelf-life of food products by reducing trapped water, will negatively affect the spoilage of microorganisms and enzymes that are responsible for undesired chemical composition changes, but can protect beneficial microorganisms like probiotics. This paper also explores recent efficient improvements in drying technologies that produce high-quality and low-cost final products compared to conventional methods. However, despite the recent advances in drying technologies, hybrid drying (a combination of different drying techniques) and spray drying (drying with the help of encapsulation methods) are still promising techniques in food industries. In conclusion, spray drying encapsulation can improve the morphology and texture of dry materials, preserve natural components for a long time, and increase storage times (shelf-life). Optimizing a drying technique and using a suitable drying agent should also be a promising solution to preserve probiotic bacteria and antimicrobial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Fathi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, Iran.,REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Samad N Ebrahimi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - M Beatriz P P Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita C Alves
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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11
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Caruana R, Montalbano F, Zizzo MG, Puleio R, Caldara G, Cicero L, Cassata G, Licciardi M. Enhanced anticancer effect of quercetin microparticles formulation obtained by spray drying. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Grazia Zizzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF) Università degli Studi di Palermo Palermo Italy
| | - Roberto Puleio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia ‘A. Mirri’ Palermo Italy
| | | | - Luca Cicero
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia ‘A. Mirri’ Palermo Italy
| | - Giovanni Cassata
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia ‘A. Mirri’ Palermo Italy
| | - Mariano Licciardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF) Università degli Studi di Palermo Palermo Italy
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12
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Suner SS, Mohapatra S, Ayyala RS, Brethanabotla VR, Sahiner N. A polyphenolic biomacromolecule prepared from a flavonoid: Catechin as degradable microparticles. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selin Sagbas Suner
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences & Arts, and Nanoscience and Technology Research and Application Center (NANORAC) Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Terzioglu Campus Canakkale Turkey
- Department of Molecular Medicine Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
| | - Subhra Mohapatra
- Department of Molecular Medicine Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
| | - Ramesh S. Ayyala
- Department of Ophthalmology, Morsani College of Medicine University of South Florida Eye Institute Tampa Florida USA
| | - Venkat R. Brethanabotla
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
| | - Nurettin Sahiner
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences & Arts, and Nanoscience and Technology Research and Application Center (NANORAC) Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Terzioglu Campus Canakkale Turkey
- Department of Ophthalmology, Morsani College of Medicine University of South Florida Eye Institute Tampa Florida USA
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA
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13
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Yeop A, Sandanasamy J, Pang SF, Gimbun J. Stability and controlled release enhancement of Labisia pumila's polyphenols. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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14
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Milea ȘA, Aprodu I, Enachi E, Barbu V, Râpeanu G, Bahrim GE, Stănciuc N. β-lactoglobulin and its thermolysin derived hydrolysates on regulating selected biological functions of onion skin flavonoids through microencapsulation. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2020.1864020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Iuliana Aprodu
- Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Galați, Romania
| | - Elena Enachi
- Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Galați, Romania
| | - Vasilica Barbu
- Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Galați, Romania
| | - Gabriela Râpeanu
- Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Galați, Romania
| | | | - Nicoleta Stănciuc
- Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Galați, Romania
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15
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Yousefi M, Khanniri E, Shadnoush M, Khorshidian N, Mortazavian AM. Development, characterization and in vitro antioxidant activity of chitosan-coated alginate microcapsules entrapping Viola odorata Linn. extract. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:44-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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16
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Paulo F, Santos L. New insights in the in vitro release of phenolic antioxidants: The case study of the release behavior of tyrosol from tyrosol-loaded ethylcellulose microparticles during the in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 196:111339. [PMID: 32911295 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, tyrosol - a phenolic antioxidant that present in olive oil and olive mill wastes - was embedded in ethylcellulose microparticles by double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The effect of loading content (5 % w/w and 10 % w/w) on the release behavior and bioaccessibility of tyrosol was evaluated. The polymer endowed efficient protection to tyrosol during the in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of loaded microparticles as the maximum release of tyrosol was observed during the simulated intestinal digestion, and the releases were kept outstanding low during the simulated salivary and gastric digestions. The bioaccessibility of tyrosol was improved when encapsulated. The best-fitting models of the release profiles of tyrosol were the first, and the zero-order models for formulations considering a loading of 5% w/w and 10 % w/w, respectively. The results of this study bring new perspectives for the design of loaded microparticles that will be further submitted to gastrointestinal digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Paulo
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcia Santos
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
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17
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Aquino RP, Auriemma G, Conte GM, Esposito T, Sommella E, Campiglia P, Sansone F. Development of Chitosan/Mannitol Microparticles as Delivery System for the Oral Administration of a Spirulina Bioactive Peptide Extract. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092086. [PMID: 32365705 PMCID: PMC7248919 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Spirulina platensis contains several compounds showing nutritional and therapeutic benefits. Recently, a series of peptides able to reduce the blood pressure level and to enhance the endothelial vasorelaxation was isolated from the hydrolyzed highly water-soluble Spirulina extract (HSE). However, HSE shows critical organoleptic characteristics also having poor intestinal permeability, limiting absorption when orally delivered. This research aims to overcome the critical issues through the encapsulation of HSE in Chitosan/Mannitol—(CM)-based microparticles by spray drying. The produced powders (CM-HSE) showed good process yield (≈70%) and encapsulation efficiency (≈100%) also having good derived flow properties as well as stability up to six months storage. The microparticles constituting the spray-dried powder resulted in an amorphous micrometric state (d50 ≈ 14 µm) able to retain dark colour and unpleasant smell of raw HSE. Moreover, the in vitro permeation study by Franz cell indicated that the engineered microparticles are able to enhance the permeation of HSE through an intestinal biomimetic barrier (551.13 μg/cm2 CM-HSE vs. 315.46 μg/cm2 HSE at 270 min).
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18
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Esposito T, Mencherini T, Del Gaudio P, Auriemma G, Franceschelli S, Picerno P, Aquino RP, Sansone F. Design and Development of Spray-Dried Microsystems to Improve Technological and Functional Properties of Bioactive Compounds from Hazelnut Shells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061273. [PMID: 32168873 PMCID: PMC7144004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
An extract obtained from hazelnut shells by-products (HSE) has antioxidant and chemopreventive effects on human melanoma and cervical cancer cell lines, inducing apoptosis by caspase-3 activation. A clinical translation is limited by poor water solubility and low bioavailability. Dried plant extracts often show critical characteristics such as sticky/gummy appearance, unpleasant smell, and instability involving practical difficulties in processing for industrial use. A spray drying method has been applied to transform raw HSE in a microparticulate powder. The biopolymeric matrix was based on l-proline as loading carrier, hydroxyethylcellulose in combination with pectin as coating polymers; lecithin and ethanol were used as solubility enhancers. A Hot-Cold-Hot method was selected to prepare the liquid feed. The thus prepared powder showed good technological properties (solid-state, particle dimensions, morphology, and water dissolution rate), stability, and unchanged chemopreventive effects with respect to the unprocessed HSE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa Mencherini
- Correspondence: (T.M.); (F.S.); Tel.: +39-089-968294 (T.M.); +39-089-968146 (F.S.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Francesca Sansone
- Correspondence: (T.M.); (F.S.); Tel.: +39-089-968294 (T.M.); +39-089-968146 (F.S.)
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19
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Yadav K, Bajaj RK, Mandal S, Mann B. Encapsulation of grape seed extract phenolics using whey protein concentrate, maltodextrin and gum arabica blends. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020; 57:426-434. [PMID: 32116352 PMCID: PMC7016066 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-04070-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Grape seed extract (GSE) contain phenolic compounds that decrease the proclivity to various chronic diseases such as several types of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The objective of the present study was to investigate the encapsulation of GSE polyphenols and their characterization. For this study, whey protein concentrate (WPC), maltodextrin (MD) and gum arabic (GA) were evaluated as encapsulating materials. For the preparation of stable microcapsules different WPC:MD/GA (5:0, 4:1, 3:2 and 0:5) ratios were assessed using ultrasonication for different time periods (20-40 min) followed by freeze drying. Encapsulation efficiency, antioxidant activity, particle size, surface morphology and release mechanism were determined. The GSE microcapsules coated with WPC:MD/GA ratio of 4:1 and 3:2 with core to coat ratio of 1:5 and prepared by sonication for 30 min were found to have highest encapsulation efficiency (87.90-91.13%) and the smallest particle size with maximum retention of antioxidant activity. Under optimized conditions, the low level release (43-49%) of phenolic compounds resulted under simulated gastric condition and significantly (p < 0.05) increased (88-92%) under simulated intestinal condition. Thus the results indicated blending of MD or GA with WPC improved the microencapsulation of GSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanta Yadav
- Dairy Chemistry Division, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Bajaj
- Dairy Chemistry Division, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - Surajit Mandal
- Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - Bimlesh Mann
- Dairy Chemistry Division, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
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20
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Yousefi M, Khorshidian N, Mortazavian AM, Khosravi-Darani K. Preparation optimization and characterization of chitosan-tripolyphosphate microcapsules for the encapsulation of herbal galactagogue extract. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:920-928. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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21
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Morelo G, Giménez B, Márquez-Ruiz G, Holgado F, Romero-Hasler P, Soto-Bustamante E, Robert P. Influence of the Physical State of Spray-Dried Flavonoid-Inulin Microparticles on Oxidative Stability of Lipid Matrices. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8110520. [PMID: 31671558 PMCID: PMC6912732 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of the physical state of flavonoid-inulin microparticles (semi-crystalline/amorphous) on the oxidative stability of lipid matrices was studied. Epicatechin (E) and quercetin (Q) microparticles with inulin were formulated at two infeed temperatures (15 °C and 90 °C) by spray drying. X-ray diffraction analyses showed that flavonoid-inulin microparticles obtained at feed temperature of 15 °C were semi-crystalline (E-In-15, 61.2% and Q-In-15, 60%), whereas those at 90 °C were amorphous (Q-In-90, 1.73 and Q-In-90 2.30%). Semi-crystalline state of flavonoid-inulin microparticles enhanced the EE (68.8 and 67.8% for E and Q, respectively) compared to amorphous state (41.6 and 51.1% for E and Q, respectively). However, amorphous Q-microparticles showed the highest antioxidant activity both in methyl linoleate and sunflower oil, increasing the induction period and decreasing the polar compounds and polymer triglyceride formation during long-term oxidation study. Therefore, the physical state of spray-dried flavonoid-inulin microparticles may determine their antioxidant activity in lipid matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guibeth Morelo
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Tecnología Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
| | - Begoña Giménez
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad Tecnológica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Ecuador 3769, Estación Central, Santiago 9170124, Chile.
| | - Gloria Márquez-Ruiz
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisca Holgado
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Patricio Romero-Hasler
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
| | - Eduardo Soto-Bustamante
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
| | - Paz Robert
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Tecnología Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
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22
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Ang LF, Darwis Y, Por LY, Yam MF. Microencapsulation Curcuminoids for Effective Delivery in Pharmaceutical Application. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E451. [PMID: 31480767 PMCID: PMC6781510 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11090451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcuminoids have been long proven to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties which are crucial in their role as a pharmacological active agent. However, its poor solubility, high oxidative degradation, light sensitivity and poor bioavailability have been huge hurdles that need to be overcome for it to be administered as an oral or even a topical medication. In this present study, a complex coacervation microencapsulation approach was used to encapsulate the curcuminoids using both gelatin B and chitosan (at the optimum ratio of 30:1% w/w) for a more efficient drug delivery system. Curcuminoids microcapsules (CPM) were developed to be spherical in shape, discrete and free flowing with a reduced color staining effect. The thick wall of the CPM contributes directly to its integrity and stability. Cross-linking increases the density of polymers' wall network, hence, further increasing the decomposition temperature of curcuminoids microcapsules. Microencapsulation demonstrated an increment in curcuminoids solubility, while chemical cross-linking allowed for sustained release of the drug from the microcapsules by lowering the swelling rate of the available polymer networks. Thus, the microcapsules complied with the zero order release kinetics with super case-II transport mechanism. On the basis of all that was discussed above, it can be safely concluded that CPM should be incorporated in delivery system of curcuminoid, especially in its topical delivery for controlled drug release purposes, for not only a more efficient drug delivery system design but also a more efficacious optimization of the pharmacological benefits of curcuminoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Fung Ang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang11800, Malaysia
| | - Yusrida Darwis
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang11800, Malaysia
| | - Lip Yee Por
- Department of Computer System and Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mun Fei Yam
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang11800, Malaysia.
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23
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Afkhami R, Goli M, Keramat J. Loading lime by-product into derivative cellulose carrier for food enrichment. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:2353-2360. [PMID: 31367364 PMCID: PMC6657750 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective here is to enrich orange juice through encapsulated lime by-product extract (LBE) through freeze-drying, in order to increase lime by-product consumption, in addition to increasing nutrition value of orange juice. The properties of both the LBE and microparticles are measured. The total polyphenolic compound (TPC) was measured to be 34.5 ± 0.5 (mg gallic acid/g LBE). The obtained value of encapsulation efficiency (EE) was within the 55%-70% range. The encapsulation method was satisfactory. The particle size is within 10-21 μm range, and differences between all treatments were statistically notable (p < 0.05). The lack of melting peaks in the thermal profiles by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) of microparticles confirmed that hesperidin was well embedded in the polymeric cover. According to the sensory evaluations of orange juice which was enriched with LBE microparticles, the bitter taste was not perceived in some treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Afkhami
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) BranchIslamic Azad UniversityIsfahanIran
| | - Mohammad Goli
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) BranchIslamic Azad UniversityIsfahanIran
| | - Javad Keramat
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyIsfahan University of TechnologyIsfahanIran
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24
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Semba K, Kadota K, Arima H, Nakanishi A, Tandia M, Uchiyama H, Sugiyama K, Tozuka Y. Improved water dispersibility and photostability in folic acid nanoparticles with transglycosylated naringin using combined processes of wet-milling and freeze-drying. Food Res Int 2019; 121:108-116. [PMID: 31108730 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We successfully prepared folic acid (FA) nanoparticles with excellent dispersibility and photostability using a combination of bead milling and freeze-drying with transglycosylated naringin (Naringin-G), a newly developed transglycosylated food additive. Poly-vinyl pyrrolidon (PVP) was used for comparison with Naringin-G. Water dispersibility and photostability of the freeze-dried formulations were assessed. The dispersibility and physicochemical properties of nanoparticle formulations were evaluated using dynamic light scattering, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Results indicated that the median particle size of FA in the slurry bead milled with Naringin-G decreased notably with time and fell below 100 nm after milling for 300 min. Further, FA nanoparticles with Naringin-G were stable without aggregation following re-dispersion of freeze-dried FA formulations in water. Contrarily, the addition of PVP did not prevent the aggregation of FA nanoparticles following re-dispersion of freeze-dried FA formulations. Solid structures of freeze-dried FA formulations with Naringin-G or PVP were assessed using PXRD and SAXS. PXRD patterns of all freeze-dried formulations highlighted broadening and weakening of peaks, indicating a decrease in FA crystallinity following bead milling, regardless of the additive concentration of Naringin-G and PVP. The scattering intensity profiles of FA formulations with PVP dramatically decreased after milling, whereas FA formulations with Naringin-G did not exhibit changes in SAXS patterns. FA formulations with Naringin-G registered faster enhancement in release rate than PVP in pH 1.2 buffer solutions. The release rate of freeze-dried FA formulation with Naringin-G exhibited at least five-fold enhancement when compared to untreated FA. FA formulation with Naringin-G was stable to photodegradation under fluorescent light. Naringin-G prevented photodegradation of FA due to its antioxidant effect and scavenged radicals. These findings indicated that freeze-dried FA formulation with Naringin-G can improve its water-dispersibility and photodegradation due to the effectiveness of Naringin-G as a dispersant and cryoprotectant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumi Semba
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kadota
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Arima
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Akihito Nakanishi
- Toyo Sugar Refining Co., Ltd., 18-20 Koami-Cho, Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0016, Japan
| | - Mahamadou Tandia
- Toyo Sugar Refining Co., Ltd., 18-20 Koami-Cho, Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0016, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Uchiyama
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Sugiyama
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yuichi Tozuka
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.
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25
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Horincar G, Aprodu I, Barbu V, Râpeanu G, Bahrim GE, Stănciuc N. Interactions of flavonoids from yellow onion skins with whey proteins: Mechanisms of binding and microencapsulation with different combinations of polymers. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 215:158-167. [PMID: 30831393 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.02.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of flavonoids extracted from yellow onion skins with whey proteins isolate was studied using fluorescence spectroscopy and simulation methods from the perspectives of microencapsulation. The fluorescence spectroscopy revealed a static quenching mechanism and the involvement of van der Waals and H bonding in complexes formation. The in silico methods suggested that the heat treatment of the major whey proteins affected the binding pockets and therefore the affinity for the main flavonoids. The interaction surface decreased and the interaction energy increased, suggesting lower binding strength. Further, the yellow onion skins extract was successfully encapsulated in whey proteins isolate and different combinations of polymers, including chitosan, maltodextrin and pectin by freeze drying. The resulted powder showed a total flavonoid content of 5.84 ± 0.23 mg quercetin equivalents/g DW in whey protein-chitosan combination and 104.97 ± 5.02 mg quercetin equivalents/g DW in whey protein-maltodextrin-pectin combinations, with antioxidant activity of 175.93 ± 1.50 mM mM Trolox/g DW and 269.20 ± 3.59 mM Trolox/g DW, respectively. The confocal microscopy indicated that the flavonoids aggregated inside the matrix formed between the whey proteins and various polymers and irregular and compact clusters. Therefore, a comprehensive approach involving the extraction of flavonoids from underutilized food by-products, such as yellow onion skins, evaluation of binding mechanisms with whey proteins, whereas tailoring their functional benefit through microencapsulation in order to obtain active ingredients are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgiana Horincar
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Romania
| | - Iuliana Aprodu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Romania
| | - Vasilica Barbu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Romania
| | - Gabriela Râpeanu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Romania
| | - Gabriela Elena Bahrim
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Stănciuc
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, Romania.
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Kim BS, Leong J, Yu SJ, Cho Y, Park CG, Kim DH, Ko E, Im SG, Lee J, Kim YJ, Kong H. Stimulus-Responsive Anti-Oxidizing Drug Crystals and their Ecological Implication. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900765. [PMID: 30950171 PMCID: PMC6993893 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Various antioxidants are being used to neutralize the harmful effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduced in diseased tissues and contaminated environments. Polymer-directed crystallization of antioxidants has attracted attention as a way to control drug efficacy through molecular dissolution. However, most recrystallized antioxidants undertake continuous dissolution independent of the ROS level, thus causing side-effects. This study demonstrates a unique method to assemble antioxidant crystals that modulate their dissolution rate in response to the ROS level. We hypothesized that antioxidants recrystallized using a ROS-labile polymer would be triggered to dissolve when the ROS level increases. We examined this hypothesis by using catechin as a model antioxidant. Catechin was recrystallized using polyethylenimine cross-linked with ROS-labile diselanediylbis-(ethane-2,1-diyl)-diacrylate. Catechin crystallized with the ROS-labile polymer displays accelerated dissolution proportional to the H2 O2 concentration. The ROS-responsive catechin crystals protect vascular cells from oxidative insults by activating intracellular glutathione peroxidase expression and, in turn, inhibiting an increase in the intracellular oxidative stress. In addition, ROS-responsive catechin crystals alleviate changes in the heart rate of Daphnia magna in oxidative media. We propose that the results of this study would be broadly useful for improving the therapeutic efficacy of a broad array of drug compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Beckman Institute for Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jiayu Leong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Seung Jung Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghak Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Gyun Park
- Environmental Safety Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST–Europe), Saarbrucken 66123, Germany
| | - Da-Hye Kim
- Environmental Safety Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST–Europe), Saarbrucken 66123, Germany
| | - Eunkyung Ko
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Beckman Institute for Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Sung Gap Im
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghwi Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jun Kim
- Environmental Safety Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST–Europe), Saarbrucken 66123, Germany
| | - Hyunjoon Kong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Beckman Institute for Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
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Esposito T, Sansone F, Russo P, Picerno P, Aquino RP, Gasparri F, Mencherini T. A Water-Soluble Microencapsulated Milk Thistle Extract as Active Ingredient for Dermal Formulations. Molecules 2019; 24:E1547. [PMID: 31010144 PMCID: PMC6515195 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The choice of formulation is often of crucial importance in order to obtain a pharmaceutical product for the administration of poorly soluble drugs. Recently, a new water-soluble microparticulate powder form (MTE-mp) for the oral administration of a high functionality/low solubility silymarin rich milk thistle extract (MTE) has been developed. Findings showed that extract-loaded microparticles by spray-drying were produced with high and reproducible yields and encapsulation efficiency. The in vitro dissolution and permeation rates of silymarin were dramatically improved with respect to the raw material, and also enhanced the silymarin anti-inflammatory abilities. Given these successful results, the new MTE-mp delivery system has been proposed as an active ingredient for dermal applications. The aim of this research was the design and development of two topical formulations, hydrogel and emulgel (O/W emulsion), containing the MTE-mp delivery system or MTE raw extract. All the formulations were compared to each other in terms of handling and incorporation amount of the active ingredient during the productive process. Moreover, the addition to the emulgel of lecithin (L) as enhancer of permeation was tested. The MTE-mp ingredient that resulted was stable and more-easily incorporated both in hydrogel and emulgel than raw MTE extract, obtaining the best permeation profile for MTE-mp from emulgel with the addition of L. The obtained results confirm that the MTE-mp system could be used as a stable, water-soluble, and easy-handling functional ingredient, giving the opportunity to develop new strategies for MTE delivery in health products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Esposito
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy.
| | - Francesca Sansone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy.
| | - Paola Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy.
| | - Patrizia Picerno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy.
| | - Rita Patrizia Aquino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy.
| | - Franco Gasparri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy.
| | - Teresa Mencherini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy.
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Sansone F, Mencherini T, Picerno P, Lauro MR, Cerrato M, Aquino RP. Development of Health Products from Natural Sources. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:4606-4630. [PMID: 30259806 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180926152139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BioActive Compounds (BACs) recovered from food or food by-product matrices are useful in maintaining well being, enhancing human health, and modulating immune function to prevent or to treat chronic diseases. They are also generally seen by final consumers as safe, non-toxic and environment-friendly. Despite the complex process of production, chemical characterization, and assessment of health effects, BACs must also be manufactured in stable and bioactive ingredients to be used in pharmaceutical, food and nutraceutical industry. Generally, vegetable derivatives occur as sticky raw materials with pervasive smell and displeasing flavor. Also, they show critical water solubility and dramatic stability behavior over time, involving practical difficulties for industrial use. Therefore, the development of novel functional health products from natural sources requires the design of a suitable formulation to delivery BACs at the site of action, preserve stability during processing and storage, slow down the degradation processes, mask lousy tasting or smell, and increase the bioavailability, while maintaining the BACs functionality. The present review focuses on human health benefits, BACs composition, and innovative technologies or formulation approaches of natural ingredients from some selected foods and by-products from industrial food transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Patrizia Picerno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | | | - Michele Cerrato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
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Lawsone-loaded Niosome and its antitumor activity in MCF-7 breast Cancer cell line: a Nano-herbal treatment for Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 26:11-17. [PMID: 30159762 PMCID: PMC6154483 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-018-0207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals like Lawsone have some drawbacks that stem from their poor solubility. Low solubility in aqueous mediums results in low bioavailability, poor permeability and instability of phytochemical compounds in biological environments. The aim of this study was to design nanoniosomes containing Lawsone (Law) using non-ionic surfactants and cholesterol. Niosomes were prepared by thin film hydration method (TFH). Then, they were loaded with Henna extract (HLaw) and standard Lawsone (SLaw), and two resulted formulations were compared. The henna extract was analyzed by mass gas chromatography. Size, zeta potential, polydispersity index (PDI) and morphology of the loaded formulations were evaluated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM). The incorporation and release rate of Law from niosome bilayers were evaluated by UV-Vis spectroscopy. In vitro experiments were carried out to evaluate antitumor activity in MCF-7 cell line. The results showed distinct spherical shapes and particle sizes were about 250 nm in diameter and have negative zeta potentials. Niosomes were stable at 4 °C for 2 months. Entrapment efficiently of both formulations was about 70% and showed a sustained release profile. In vitro study exhibited that using of niosome to encapsulating Law can significantly increase antitumor activity of formulation in MCF-7 cell line compared to Law solution (free Law). Thus, niosomes are a promising carrier system for delivery of phytochemical compounds that have poor solubility in biological fluids. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Sansone F, Esposito T, Lauro MR, Picerno P, Mencherini T, Gasparri F, De Santis S, Chieppa M, Cirillo C, Aquino RP. Application of Spray Drying Particle Engineering to a High-Functionality/Low-Solubility Milk Thistle Extract: Powders Production and Characterization. Molecules 2018; 23:E1716. [PMID: 30011893 PMCID: PMC6100597 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many natural compounds having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity are a potential target for new therapies against chronic inflammatory syndromes. The oral administration of functional herbal supplements may become a prevention strategy or therapy adjuvant for susceptible patients. A case study is our milk thistle (Silybum marianum) extract rich in silymarin complex. A water-soluble microencapsulated powder system was developed by a spray drying technique to improve the poor silymarin bioactivity after oral administration. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) was employed as coating/swelling polymer matrix and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) as the surfactant (1:1:0.05 w/w/w). A H₂O/EtOH/acetone (50/15/35 v/v/v) solvent system was used as liquid feed. The microsystems were capable of improving the in vitro dissolution and permeation rates, suggesting an enhancement of bioactivity after oral administration. The microsystems protect the antioxidant activity of silymarin after harsh storage conditions period and do not affect the anti-inflammatory properties of the raw extract (efficient already at lower concentrations of 0.312 mg/mL) to reduce dendritic cells (DCs) inflammatory cytokine secretion after lipopolysaccharide administration. This approach allows managing particle size, surface properties and release of bioactive agents improving the bioactivity of a herbal supplement and is also possibly applicable to many other similar natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sansone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Esposito
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Maria Rosaria Lauro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Picerno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Teresa Mencherini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Franco Gasparri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Stefania De Santis
- IRCCS "de Bellis", Laboratory of Experimental Immunopathology, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy.
| | - Marcello Chieppa
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
- IRCCS "de Bellis", Laboratory of Experimental Immunopathology, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy.
- EBRIS, European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno, 84121 Salerno, Italy.
| | - Claudia Cirillo
- Department of Industrial Engineering and NANO_MATES Research Centre, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Rita Patrizia Aquino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
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Pereira KC, Ferreira DCM, Alvarenga GF, Pereira MSS, Barcelos MCS, Costa JMGD. Microencapsulação e liberação controlada por difusão de ingredientes alimentícios produzidos através da secagem por atomização: revisão. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.08317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Resumo A utilização de ingredientes microencapsulados na indústria alimentícia apresenta crescente expansão. A microencapsulação é utilizada para proteger o material ativo de condições adversas e apresenta ainda mais vantagens quando utilizada juntamente com a liberação controlada. O uso da atomização para microencapsulação é uma das técnicas mais utilizadas devido ao seu baixo custo e facilidade de aplicação. Esta revisão descreve a produção de micropartículas contendo ingredientes alimentícios através da secagem por atomização e discute a liberação controlada do material ativo das micropartículas pelo mecanismo de difusão e modelos cinéticos.
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32
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Use of the Adjoint Method for Controlling the Mechanical Vibrations of Nonlinear Systems. MACHINES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/machines6020019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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33
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On the Computational Methods for Solving the Differential-Algebraic Equations of Motion of Multibody Systems. MACHINES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/machines6020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Aqueous injection of quercetin: An approach for confirmation of its direct in vivo cardiovascular effects. Int J Pharm 2018; 541:224-233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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35
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System Identification Algorithm for Computing the Modal Parameters of Linear Mechanical Systems. MACHINES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/machines6020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this investigation is to construct a computational procedure for identifying the modal parameters of linear mechanical systems. The methodology employed in the paper is based on the Eigensystem Realization Algorithm implemented in conjunction with the Observer/Kalman Filter Identification method (ERA/OKID). This method represents an effective and efficient system identification numerical procedure based on the time domain. The algorithm developed in this work is tested by means of numerical experiments on a full-car vehicle model. To this end, the modal parameters necessary for the design of active and semi-active suspension systems are obtained for the vehicle system considered as an illustrative example. In order to analyze the performance of the methodology developed in this investigation, the system identification numerical procedure was tested considering two case studies, namely a full state measurement and an incomplete state measurement. As expected, the numerical results found for the identified dynamical model showed a good agreement with the modal parameters of the mechanical system model. Furthermore, numerical results demonstrated that the proposed method has good performance considering a scenario in which the signal-to-noise ratio of the input and output measurements is relatively high. The method developed in this paper can be effectively used for solving important engineering problems such as the design of control systems for road vehicles.
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Afkhami R, Goli M, Keramat J. Functional orange juice enriched with encapsulated polyphenolic extract of lime waste and hesperidin. Int J Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rana Afkhami
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch; Islamic Azad University; Isfahan 8155139998 Iran
| | - Mohammad Goli
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch; Islamic Azad University; Isfahan 8155139998 Iran
| | - Javad Keramat
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Isfahan University of Technology; Isfahan 8415683111 Iran
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An Alginate/Cyclodextrin Spray Drying Matrix to Improve Shelf Life and Antioxidant Efficiency of a Blood Orange By-Product Extract Rich in Polyphenols: MMPs Inhibition and Antiglycation Activity in Dysmetabolic Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:2867630. [PMID: 29230268 PMCID: PMC5688344 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2867630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Alginate and β-cyclodextrin were used to produce easily dosable and spray-dried microsystems of a dried blood orange extract with antidysmetabolic properties, obtained from a by-product fluid extract. The spray-dried applied conditions were able to obtain a concentrate dried extract without the loss of AOA and with TPC and TMA values of 35–40% higher than that of the starting material. They were also effective in producing microparticles with 80–100% of encapsulation efficiency. The 2% sodium alginate was capable of improving the extract shelf life, while the beta-cyclodextrin (1 : 1 molar ratio with dried extract) prolonged the extract antioxidant efficiency by 6 hours. The good inhibition effect of the dried extract on the AGE formation and the MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity is presumably due to a synergic effect exerted by both anthocyanin and bioflavonoid extract compounds and was improved by the use of alginate and cyclodextrin.
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Lu M, Ho CT, Huang Q. Improving quercetin dissolution and bioaccessibility with reduced crystallite sizes through media milling technique. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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Santos SSD, Rodrigues LM, da Costa SC, Bergamasco RDC, Madrona GS. Microencapsulation of Bioactive Compounds from Blackberry Pomace (Rubus fruticosus) by Spray Drying Technique. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2017-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBlackberry is highly appreciated for the enjoyable color and flavor. About 20 % of the pomace is generated in its processing and often unused, presenting potential use by the food industry. Thus, the present study aimed to microencapsulate extracts of the blackberry pomace applying spray dryer process. Pure extracts (aqueous and hydroalcoholic solution) and the encapsulating agent (maltodextrin DE 10), in a ratio of 1:1 (w/w), were spray dried and analyzed for total anthocyanins, antioxidant activity, phenolics, HPLC-DAD chromatography, instrumental color and scanning electron microscopy. Hydroalcoholic extraction was more efficient (1.5 times) for anthocyanins encapsulation than aqueous extraction. However, for phenolic compounds the highest efficiency (1.2 times) was in the aqueous solution. The majority bioactive compounds were gallic acid and cyanidin. Considering that water is a low cost and ecofriendly solvent, it is indicated this type of extraction to obtain microcapsules of blackberry pomace mainly for future applications by food industry.
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40
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Evaluation of Uncertainties in the Design Process of Complex Mechanical Systems. ENTROPY 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/e19090475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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41
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Entropic Measure of Epistemic Uncertainties in Multibody System Models by Axiomatic Design. ENTROPY 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/e19070291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the use of the MaxInf Principle in real optimization problems is investigated for engineering applications, where the current design solution is actually an engineering approximation. In industrial manufacturing, multibody system simulations can be used to develop new machines and mechanisms by using virtual prototyping, where an axiomatic design can be employed to analyze the independence of elements and the complexity of connections forming a general mechanical system. In the classic theories of Fisher and Wiener-Shannon, the idea of information is a measure of only probabilistic and repetitive events. However, this idea is broader than the probability alone field. Thus, the Wiener-Shannon’s axioms can be extended to non-probabilistic events and it is possible to introduce a theory of information for non-repetitive events as a measure of the reliability of data for complex mechanical systems. To this end, one can devise engineering solutions consistent with the values of the design constraints analyzing the complexity of the relation matrix and using the idea of information in the metric space. The final solution gives the entropic measure of epistemic uncertainties which can be used in multibody system models, analyzed with an axiomatic design.
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42
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Crascì L, Lauro MR, Puglisi G, Panico A. Natural antioxidant polyphenols on inflammation management: Anti-glycation activity vs metalloproteinases inhibition. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:893-904. [PMID: 27646710 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1229657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The diet polyphenols are a secondary metabolites of plants able to act on inflammation process. Their anti-inflammatory activity is articulated through several mechanisms that are related to their antioxidative and radical scavengers properties. Our work is focused on a novel approach to inflammatory disease management, based on anti-glycative and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) inhibition effects, as a connected phenomena. To better understand these correlation, polyphenols Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) studies were also reported. The antioxidant polyphenols inhibit the AGEs at different levels of the glycation process in the following ways: (1) prevention of Amadori adduct oxidation; (2) trapping reactive dycarbonyl compounds; (3) attenuation of receptor for AGEs (RAGE) expression. Moreover, several flavonoids with radical scavenging property showed also MMPs inhibition interact directly with MMPs or indirectly via radical scavengers and AGEs reduction. The essential polyphenols features involved in these mechanisms are C2-C3 double bond and number and position of hydroxyl, glycosyl and O-methyl groups. These factors induce a change in molecular planarity interfering with the hydrogen bond formation, electron delocalization and metal ion chelation. In particular, C2-C3 double bond improve the antioxidant and MMPs inhibition, while the hydroxylation, glycosylation and methylation induce a positive and negative correlation, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Crascì
- a Department of Drug Science , University of Catania , Viale A. Doria , Catania , Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Lauro
- b Department of Pharmacy , University of Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II, Fisciano ( SA ), Italy
| | - Giovanni Puglisi
- a Department of Drug Science , University of Catania , Viale A. Doria , Catania , Italy
| | - Annamaria Panico
- a Department of Drug Science , University of Catania , Viale A. Doria , Catania , Italy
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43
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Morelo G, Márquez‐Ruiz G, Holgado F, Giménez B, Robert P. Design of flavonoid microparticles with channel forming properties to improve oxidative stability of sunflower oil. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201700041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guibeth Morelo
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Tecnología QuímicaFacultad de Ciencias Químicas y FarmacéuticasUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Gloria Márquez‐Ruiz
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN‐CSIC)MadridSpain
| | - Francisca Holgado
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN‐CSIC)MadridSpain
| | - Begoña Giménez
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de los AlimentosFacultad Tecnológica, Universidad de Santiago de ChileEstación CentralSantiagoChile
| | - Paz Robert
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Tecnología QuímicaFacultad de Ciencias Químicas y FarmacéuticasUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile
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Sawale PD, Patil GR, Hussain SA, Singh AK, Singh RRB. Release characteristics of polyphenols from microencapsulated Terminalia arjuna extract: Effects of simulated gastric fluid. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2017.1280677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Digambar Sawale
- Dairy Technology Division, G.N. Patel College of Dairy Science and Food Technology, SDAU, Palanpur, Gujarat
| | - Girdhari Ramdas Patil
- Dairy Technology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Shaik Abdul Hussain
- Dairy Technology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Singh
- Dairy Technology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Ram Ran Bijoy Singh
- Dairy Technology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
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Östlund J, Zlabek V, Zamaratskaia G. In vitro inhibition of human CYP2E1 and CYP3A by quercetin and myricetin in hepatic microsomes is not gender dependent. Toxicology 2017; 381:10-18. [PMID: 28232125 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This is the first in vitro study to investigate gender-related differences in the regulation of human cytochrome P450 by the flavonoids. Activities of CYP2E1 and CYP3A were measured in the presence of quercetin, myricetin, or isorhamnetin in hepatic microsomal pools from male and female donors. Hydroxylation of p-nitrophenol (PNPH) was measured to determine CYP2E1 activity, and O-dealkylation of 7-benzyloxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin (BFC) was measured to determine CYP3A activity. Quercetin, but not myricetin or isorhamnetin, competitively inhibited PNPH activity in human recombinant cDNA-expressed CYP2E1 with the Ki=52.1±6.31μM. In the human microsomes, slight inhibition of PNPH activity by quercetin was not considered as physiologically relevant. Quercetin inhibited BFC activity in human recombinant cDNA-expressed CYP3A4 competitively with the Ki=15.4±1.52μM, and myricetin - noncompetitively with the Ki=74.6±7.99μM. The degree of inhibition by quercetin was similar between genders. Myricetin showed somewhat stronger inhibition in female pools, but the Ki values were higher than physiologically relevant concentrations. Isorhamnetin did not affect either PNPH or BFC activity. We concluded that observed inhibition of CYP2E1 and CYP3A by some flavonols were not gender-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Östlund
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Molecular Sciences, Box 7015, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Zlabek
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Galia Zamaratskaia
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Molecular Sciences, Box 7015, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden; University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic.
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Akbas E, Kilercioglu M, Onder ON, Koker A, Soyler B, Oztop MH. Wheatgrass juice to wheat grass powder: Encapsulation, physical and chemical characterization. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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Palma M, Márquez-Ruiz G, García P, Holgado F, Vergara C, Giménez B, Robert P. Effect of Spray-Dried Flavonoid Microparticles on Oxidative Stability of Methyl Linoleate as Lipid Model System. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-016-2920-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Puglia C, Lauro MR, Tirendi GG, Fassari GE, Carbone C, Bonina F, Puglisi G. Modern drug delivery strategies applied to natural active compounds. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 14:755-768. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2017.1234452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Puglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Giorgia Giusy Tirendi
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale e di Alta Specializzazione (ARNAS) Garibaldi, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Carbone
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Puglisi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Outuki PM, de Francisco LMB, Hoscheid J, Bonifácio KL, Barbosa DS, Cardoso MLC. Development of arabic and xanthan gum microparticles loaded with an extract of Eschweilera nana Miers leaves with antioxidant capacity. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Ray S, Raychaudhuri U, Chakraborty R. An overview of encapsulation of active compounds used in food products by drying technology. FOOD BIOSCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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