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McGachy L, Sedlak DL. From Theory to Practice: Leveraging Chemical Principles To Improve the Performance of Peroxydisulfate-Based In Situ Chemical Oxidation of Organic Contaminants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:17-32. [PMID: 38110187 PMCID: PMC10785823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
In situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) using peroxydisulfate has become more popular in the remediation of soils and shallow groundwater contaminated with organic chemicals. Researchers have studied the chemistry of peroxydisulfate and the oxidative species produced upon its decomposition (i.e., sulfate radical and hydroxyl radical) for over five decades, describing reaction kinetics, mechanisms, and product formation in great detail. However, if this information is to be useful to practitioners seeking to optimize the use of peroxydisulfate in the remediation of hazardous waste sites, the relevant conditions of high oxidant concentrations and the presence of minerals and solutes that affect radical chain reactions must be considered. The objectives of this Review are to provide insights into the chemistry of peroxydisulfate-based ISCO that can enable more efficient operation of these systems and to identify research needed to improve understanding of system performance. By gaining a deeper understanding of the underlying chemistry of these complex systems, it may be possible to improve the design and operation of peroxydisulfate-based ISCO remediation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka McGachy
- Department
of Environmental Chemistry, University of
Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech
Republic
| | - David L. Sedlak
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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2
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Demiray Z, Akyol NH, Akyol G, Copty NK. Surfactant-enhanced in-situ oxidation of DNAPL source zone: Experiments and numerical modeling. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2023; 258:104233. [PMID: 37625208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2023.104233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study we investigate the synergetic effects of combining surfactant-enhanced dissolution with in-situ oxidation of a pool-dominated PCE DNAPL source zone entrapped in porous media. Flow cell flushing experiments packed with silica sand and natural calcareous soil were conducted with a surfactant (Tween 80) and permanganate (MnO4-) used as dissolution and oxidation agents, respectively. The resultant breakthrough curves exhibited a multiple step behavior with mass removal controlled in the latter stages by the less-accessible DNAPL mass. DNAPL spatial architecture, flow-field heterogeneity, and flushing solution all influenced the remediation effort. When taking into account both the surfactant-enhanced dissolution and permanganate oxidation processes, mass-flux reduction/mass-removal behavior relationships indicated that the inclusion of oxidation in the remediation scheme delayed the drop in mass flux from the source zone, leading to improved DNAPL removal efficiency. Numerical modeling was also performed to further evaluate the efficacy of the surfactant-enhanced chemical oxidation of DNAPL PCE with permanganate. The system of reaction equations available in the multiphase flow simulator UTCHEM were adapted to simulate the chemical oxidation process in the presence of a surfactant. The model results yield lower oxidation reaction rate constants in the presence of Tween 80, indicating that Tween 80 can interfere with the reaction rate. However, the increase in the solubility of PCE in the presence of Tween 80 more than compensates for the decrease in reaction rate constant. Overall, for Tween 80/MnO4- applied at sufficient dosages, more efficient DNAPL zone remediation was achieved compared to surfactant flushing or permanganate oxidation alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Demiray
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Bogazici University, Bebek, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nihat Hakan Akyol
- Department of Geological Engineering, Kocaeli University, 41380 Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Gokçe Akyol
- Department of Geological Engineering, Kütahya Dumlupınar University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Nadim K Copty
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Bogazici University, Bebek, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey.
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3
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Sahu JN, Kapelyushin Y, Mishra DP, Ghosh P, Sahoo BK, Trofimov E, Meikap BC. Utilization of ferrous slags as coagulants, filters, adsorbents, neutralizers/stabilizers, catalysts, additives, and bed materials for water and wastewater treatment: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 325:138201. [PMID: 36863629 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Solid waste is currently produced in substantial amounts by industrial activities. While some are recycled, the majority of them are dumped in landfills. Iron and steel production leaves behind ferrous slag, which must be created organically, managed wisely and scientifically if the sector is to remain more sustainably maintained. Ferrous slag is the term for the solid waste that is produced when raw iron is smelted in ironworks and during the production of steel. Both its specific surface area and porosity are relatively high. Since these industrial waste materials are so easily accessible and offer such serious disposal challenges, the idea of their reuse in water and wastewater treatment systems is an appealing alternative. There are many components such as Fe, Na, Ca, Mg, and silicon found in ferrous slags, which make it an ideal substance for wastewater treatment. This research investigates the potential of ferrous slag as coagulants, filters, adsorbents, neutralizers/stabilizers, supplementary filler material in soil aquifers, and engineered wetland bed media to remove contaminants from water and wastewater. Ferrous slag may provide a substantial environmental risk before or after reuse, so leaching and eco-toxicological investigations are necessary. Some study revealed that the amount of heavy metal ions leached from ferrous slag conforms to industrial norms and is exceedingly safe, hence it may be employed as a new type of inexpensive material to remove contaminants from wastewater. The practical relevance and significance of these aspects are attempted to be analyzed, taking into account all recent advancements in the fields, in order to help in the development of informed decisions about future directions for research and development related to the utilization of ferrous slags for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Sahu
- University of Stuttgart, Institute of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany; South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russian Federation.
| | - Y Kapelyushin
- South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russian Federation
| | - Devi Prasad Mishra
- Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826 004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Prabir Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, NIT Raipur, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - B K Sahoo
- Research & Development Centre for Iron & Steel, SAIL, Ranchi, Jharkhand, Pin-834002, India
| | - E Trofimov
- South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russian Federation
| | - B C Meikap
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
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4
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Zhang W, Wu W, Wu J, Liu X, Tian J, Li H, Li Q, Zheng Y. Surfactant enhanced thermally activated persulfate remediating PAHs-contaminated soil: Insight into compatibility, degradation processes and mechanisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139086. [PMID: 37263513 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Although advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on persulfate (PS) is an attractive approach for repairing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated soils, limited oxidizability of PAHs and efficient in-situ activation of PS hinder its practical applications. In this study, we comprehensively examined the contributions of five representative surfactants on the oxidative remediation of PAHs-contaminated soil in terms of degradation kinetics of the pollutants, and further proposed an innovative coupling strategy of surfactant-enhanced thermally activated PS remediating PAHs-contaminated soil. The results showed that the degradation process of PAHs in soil was significantly facilitated only via adding sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) and fitted the pseudo-first-order kinetic pattern. The removal of phenanthrene (PHE) reached 98.56% at 50 mM PS, 50 °C, 5 g L-1 SDBS and 48 h reaction time, accompanying an increase of 25% in reaction rate constant from 0.0572 h-1 (without SDBS) to 0.0715 h-1. More importantly, SDBS-enhanced thermally activated PS degrading PAHs with higher benzene rings were more effective as the reaction rate constants of pyrene (PYR) and benzo(a)anthracene (BaA) were significantly increased by 49.40% and 56.86%. Additionally, only appropriate dosages (5-10 g L-1) of SDBS facilitated the oxidative degradation of PHE, as well as the aging time of contaminant-soil contact slowed down the enhancement of oxidative degradation of PHE by SDBS. Scavenger experiments demonstrated that SO4·- and 1O2 were the dominant reactive oxygen species. Finally, a possible oxidative degradation pathway of PHE was proposed, and the toxicity of derived intermediates got alleviation by the assessment using the Toxicity Estimation Software Tool. This investigation was promising for in situ scale-up remediation of PAHs-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, PR China
| | - Wenjie Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, PR China
| | - Jianfei Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, PR China
| | - Xiaobin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, PR China; College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Jian Tian
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, PR China
| | - Heng Li
- Key Laboratory of Estuarine Ecological Security and Environmental Health, Tan Kah Kee College, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, PR China
| | - Qingbiao Li
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, PR China; College of Food and Biology Engineering, Jimei University, 185 Yinjiang Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, PR China.
| | - Yanmei Zheng
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, PR China.
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5
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Xu JC, Yang LH, Yuan JX, Li SQ, Peng KM, Lu LJ, Huang XF, Liu J. Coupling surfactants with ISCO for remediating of NAPLs: Recent progress and application challenges. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135004. [PMID: 35598784 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) pose a serious risk to the soil-groundwater environment. Coupling surfactants with in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) technology is a promising strategy, which is attributed to the enhanced desorption and solubilization efficiency of NAPL contaminants. However, the complex interactions among surfactants, oxidation systems, and NAPL contaminants have not been fully revealed. This review provides a comprehensive overview on the development of surfactant-coupled ISCO technology focusing on the effects of surfactants on oxidation systems and NAPLs degradation behavior. Specifically, we discussed the compatibility between surfactants and oxidation systems, including the non-productive consumption of oxidants by surfactants, the role of surfactants in catalytic oxidation systems, and the loss of surfactants solubilization capacity during oxidation process. The effect of surfactants on the degradation behavior of NAPL contaminants is then thoroughly summarized in terms of degradation kinetics, byproducts and degradation mechanisms. This review demonstrates that it is crucial to minimize the negative effects of surfactants on NAPL contaminants oxidation process by fully understanding the interaction between surfactants and oxidation systems, which would promote the successful implementation of surfactant-coupled ISCO technology in remediation of NAPLs-contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Cheng Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Li-Heng Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jing-Xi Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shuang-Qiang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Kai-Ming Peng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Li-Jun Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiang-Feng Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jia Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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6
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Chen Z, Wei W, Chen H, Ni BJ. Recent advances in waste-derived functional materials for wastewater remediation. ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH (ONLINE) 2022; 1:86-104. [PMID: 38075525 PMCID: PMC10702907 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Water pollution is a major concern for public health and a sustainable future. It is urgent to purify wastewater with effective methods to ensure a clean water supply. Most wastewater remediation techniques rely heavily on functional materials, and cost-effective materials are thus highly favorable. Of great environmental and economic significance, developing waste-derived materials for wastewater remediation has undergone explosive growth recently. Herein, the applications of waste (e.g., biowastes, electronic wastes, and industrial wastes)-derived materials for wastewater purification are comprehensively reviewed. Sophisticated strategies for turning wastes into functional materials are firstly summarized, including pyrolysis and combustion, hydrothermal synthesis, sol-gel method, co-precipitation, and ball milling. Moreover, critical experimental parameters within different design strategies are discussed. Afterward, recent applications of waste-derived functional materials in adsorption, photocatalytic degradation, electrochemical treatment, and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are analyzed. We mainly focus on the development of efficient functional materials via regulating the internal and external characteristics of waste-derived materials, and the material's property-performance correlation is also emphasized. Finally, the key future perspectives in the field of waste-derived materials-driven water remediation are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Chen
- Center for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Wei Wei
- Center for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Hong Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Center for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
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7
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Zhou Z, Zeng Q, Li G, Hu D, Xia Q, Dong H. Oxidative degradation of commingled trichloroethylene and 1,4-dioxane by hydroxyl radicals produced upon oxygenation of a reduced clay mineral. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133265. [PMID: 34914951 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Improper disposal of chlorinated solvents such as trichloroethylene (TCE) and its stabilizer 1,4-dioxane has resulted in extensive contamination in soils and groundwater. Oxidative degradation of these contaminants by strong oxidants has been proposed recently as a remediation strategy, but specific mechanisms and degradation efficiencies are still poorly understood, especially in commingled systems. In this study, a reduced iron-bearing clay (RIC), nontronite (rNAu-2), was oxygenated to produce hydroxyl radicals (•OH) for degradation of TCE and 1,4-dioxane under circumneutral and dark conditions. Results showed that TCE and 1,4-dioxane could be effectively degraded during oxygenation of rNAu-2 in both single and commingled systems. Compared with the single compound system, the degradation rates and efficiencies of TCE and 1,4-dioxane decreased in the commingled system. The negative effect was more significant for TCE than 1,4-dioxane. The commingled TCE and 1,4-dioxane impacted the degradation pattern of each other, due to their difference in •OH scavenging efficiency, surface affinity to rNAu-2 and solubility. Moreover, solution pH, buffer type, rNAu-2 dosage, and dissolved organic matter all affected •OH production and contaminant degradation efficiency. Our findings provide new insights for investigating the natural attenuation of commingled chlorinated solvents and 1,4-dioxane by RIC in redox-fluctuating environments and offer guidance for developing possible in-situ remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Zhou
- Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Gaoyuan Li
- Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China; Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dafu Hu
- Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qingyin Xia
- Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hailiang Dong
- Center for Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry Research, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China.
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8
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Huang J, Zhou Z, Ali M, Gu X, Danish M, Sui Q, Lyu S. Degradation of trichloroethene by citric acid chelated Fe(II) catalyzing sodium percarbonate in the environment of sodium dodecyl sulfate aqueous solution. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 281:130798. [PMID: 34000655 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the common chlorinated solvent trichloroethene (TCE) was selected as the target contaminant. The aqueous solution after solubilization treatment (containing TCE and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)) was used as the research object to carry out the remediation technology research of citric acid (CA) enhanced Fe(II) activation in sodium percarbonate (SPC) system. In 0.15 mM TCE and 1 critical micelle concentration (CMC) SDS solution, CA chelating Fe(II) activated SPC could effectively promote 93.2% degradation of TCE when the dosages of SPC, Fe(II) and CA were 3.0, 6.0 and 3.0 mM, respectively. SDS had a significant inhibitory effect on the degradation of TCE, and the surface tension changed after the reaction. The addition of CA greatly increased the generation of hydroxyl radicals (HO) in the system, while the removal of TCE was mainly attributed to HO, and the removed TCE was almost completely dechlorinated. The pH range from 3 to 7 could keep the TCE degradation above 80.0%. In the actual groundwater remediation, this technique could also efficiently degrade TCE (including SDS), showing a great application potential and development prospective in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zhengyuan Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Meesam Ali
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, MNS University of Engineering and Technology, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Xiaogang Gu
- Shanghai Urban Construction Design & Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd, 3447 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200125, China
| | - Muhammad Danish
- Chemical Engineering Department University of Engineering and Technology (UET), Lahore (Faisalabad Campus), G.T. Road Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Qian Sui
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Shuguang Lyu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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9
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Gao C, Yu W, Zhu Y, Wang M, Tang Z, Du L, Hu M, Fang L, Xiao X. Preparation of porous silicate supported micro-nano zero-valent iron from copper slag and used as persulfate activator for removing organic contaminants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 754:142131. [PMID: 33254954 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Porous silicate supported micro-nano zero-valent iron (PSi@ZVI) was prepared from copper slag (CS) through carbothermal reduction technology, and used as a persulfate (PS) activator for removing organic contaminants. Results showed that the properties of the activator were greatly affected by the preparation conditions. Calcination for 20 min at 1100 °C with 20% anthracite was considered the optimum preparation condition for degradation of orange G (OG). The removal rate of OG was improved by increasing the dosages of PSi@ZVI or PS and raising the reaction temperature. Moreover, PSi@ZVI exhibited excellent PS activator ability in a wide range of initial pH, good degradation capability for eosin Y, methyl orange, acid fuchsine, and methylene blue. The reusability and safety of PSi@ZVI were verified. Electron paramagnetic resonance and radical quenching tests indicated that sulfate radical (SO4-) was the main active species in the PSi@ZVI/PS system. The X-ray diffraction results indicated that a high calcination temperature (1100 °C) was beneficial to the reduction of iron-bearing minerals to ZVI. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy results revealed that the formation of porous structure of PSi@ZVI and the generation of nano to micro-sized ZVI particles on the surface of the silicate holes. The X-ray photoelectron spectra showed that ZVI was first convert into Fe(II), which mainly activated PS and generated Fe(III) in the PSi@ZVI/PS system. Furthermore, the intermediates of OG were detected using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the possible degradation pathway of OG was proposed. This study provides a novel approach for reuse of CS as a heterogeneous activator to effectively activate PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiqi Gao
- School of Architectural and Surveying and Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Wen Yu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China.
| | - Yichun Zhu
- School of Architectural and Surveying and Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China.
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Zuozhen Tang
- School of Architectural and Surveying and Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Li Du
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Mengying Hu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Long Fang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Xingcong Xiao
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
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10
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García-Cervilla R, Santos A, Romero A, Lorenzo D. Compatibility of nonionic and anionic surfactants with persulfate activated by alkali in the abatement of chlorinated organic compounds in aqueous phase. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 751:141782. [PMID: 32882562 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Surfactant Enhanced In-Situ Chemical Oxidation (S-ISCO) is an emerging technology in the remediation of sites with residual Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (DNAPLs), a ubiquitous problem in the environment and a challenge to solve. In this work, three nonionic surfactants: E-Mulse3® (E3), Tween80 (T80), and a mixture of Tween80-Span80 (TS80), and an anionic surfactant: sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), combined with persulfate activated by alkali (PSA) as oxidant have been investigated to remove the DNAPL generated as liquid waste in lindane production, which is composed of 28 chlorinated organic compounds (COCs). Because the compatibility between surfactants and oxidants is a key aspect in the S-ISCO effectiveness the unproductive consumption of PS by surfactants was investigated in batch (up to 864 h) varying the initial concentration of PS (84-42 mmol·L-1) and surfactants (0-12 g·L-1) and the NaOH:PS molar ratio (1 and 2). The solubilization capacity of a partially oxidized surfactant was analyzed by estimating its Equivalent Surfactant Capacity, ESC, (as mmolCOCs dissolvedgsurf-1) and comparing it to the expected value for an unoxidized surfactant, ESCo. Finally, the abatement of DNAPL with simultaneous addition of surfactant and PSA was studied. At the conditions used, a negligible unproductive consumption of PS was found by SDS; meanwhile, PS consumption at 360 h ranged between 70 and 80% using the nonionic surfactants. The highest ratios of ESC/ESCo were found with SDS and E3 and these surfactants were chosen for the S-ISCO treatment. When oxidant and surfactant were simultaneously applied for DNAPL abatement the COC conversion was more than three times higher with E3 (0.6 at 360 h) than SDS. Moreover, it was obtained that the time needed for the removal of a mass of DNAPL by PSA in the absence of surfactants was notably higher than the time required when a suitable surfactant was added.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul García-Cervilla
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Department, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Aurora Santos
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Department, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Arturo Romero
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Department, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain.
| | - David Lorenzo
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Department, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain.
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Huang J, Danish M, Jiang X, Tang P, Sui Q, Qiu Z, Lyu S. Trichloroethylene degradation performance in aqueous solution by Fe(II) activated sodium percarbonate in the presence of surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:1142-1151. [PMID: 32060999 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The performance of trichloroethylene (TCE) degradation by sodium percarbonate (SPC) activated with Fe(II) in the presence of 3.0 g/L sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as well as the role of SDS in the SPC/Fe(II) system was investigated since SDS is a common surfactant used in groundwater remediation for improving TCE dissolution to the aqueous phase. The results showed that though the introduction of SDS could inhibit the TCE degradation, the inhibiting effect was less with the increasing SDS dose. In the presence of SDS, TCE could be completely removed with the SPC/Fe(II)/TCE molar ratio of 40/80/1. Experiments with free radical probe compounds and radical scavengers elucidated that TCE was mainly oxidized by both HO· and O 2 - · . A weakly acidic environment was more favorable to TCE degradation. Nevertheless, HCO 3 - at a high concentration had a strongly inhibitive effect on the TCE degradation but the influence of Cl- was negligible. Finally, the excellent TCE degradation achieved in actual groundwater demonstrated that Fe(II) activated SPC technique was applicable in the remediation of TCE contaminated groundwater in the presence of SDS. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The effects of SDS were evaluated SPC/Fe(II)/SDS system applied to remediate TCE The mechanism of HO· and O 2 - · generation had been investigated Cl- and HCO 3 - affected TCE degradation at different levels The performance of TCE removal in actual groundwater had been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Muhammad Danish
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology (UET), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Xihao Jiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Tang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Sui
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaofu Qiu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuguang Lyu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Li S, Xiong R, Zhai J, Zhang K, Jiang W, Yang F, Yang X, Zhao H. Research Progress on Skid Resistance of Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) Slag Asphalt Mixtures. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13092169. [PMID: 32397170 PMCID: PMC7254413 DOI: 10.3390/ma13092169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In order to ensure the safety of traffic, asphalt pavement is commonly required to utilize aggregates with excellent anti-abrasion property. This results in the lack of high-quality aggregates. The incorporation of solid waste in the aggregates is regarded as a high potential alternative for solving this problem. Since its material properties, such as rough surface, high Polished Stone Value (PSV) and the excellent adhesion property of asphalt, Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) slag can effectively improve the skid resistance of asphalt mixtures. First, the material properties of BOF slag are reviewed in this study. Then, the skid resistance of asphalt mixtures and aggregates are commendably evaluated by the Polished Stone Value test, Wehner/Schulze Tester, Aachen Polishing Machine, British Pendulum Test and Sand Patch test. The physical and mechanical properties of BOF slag play a key role in asphalt mixtures. This review found that the skid resistance mechanism of the BOF slag asphalt mixture is governed by factors such as BOF slag properties, incorporation methods and gradation types. Finally, the economic and environmental benefits of BOF slag asphalt mixtures were discussed. In addition, the function of gas catalysis and the melting of ice and snow can be added to the BOF slag asphalt mixture for a cleaner development in engineering. Furthermore, the existing problems, research directions and corresponding measures in this field are directed towards more durable and functional asphalt pavement construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Li
- School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China; (S.L.); (K.Z.)
| | - Rui Xiong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710061, China;
- Correspondence: (R.X.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jiahui Zhai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710061, China;
- Correspondence: (R.X.); (J.Z.)
| | - Kaiyin Zhang
- School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China; (S.L.); (K.Z.)
| | - Wenyu Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710061, China;
| | - Fa Yang
- Yunnan Communications Investment & Construction Group Co., Ltd., Kunming 650228, China;
| | - Xiaoquan Yang
- Road Network Monitoring and Emergency Command Center of Yunnan Provincial Department of Transportation, Kunming 650200, China;
| | - Hua Zhao
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China;
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Rehman F, Sayed M, Khan JA, Shah NS, Khan HM, Dionysiou DD. Oxidative removal of brilliant green by UV/S 2O 82‒, UV/HSO 5‒ and UV/H 2O 2 processes in aqueous media: A comparative study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 357:506-514. [PMID: 30008383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The removal of brilliant green (BG), a toxic organic and cationic dye, has been examined by UV/S2O82- (PS), UV/HSO5- (PMS) and UV/H2O2 processes. BG showed insignificant direct photolysis at 254 nm (i.e., 8.6% after 30 min). However, enhanced BG degradation was observed in UV/PS, UV/PMS and UV/H2O2 systems as revealed from 63.1, 47.0 and 34.8% BG degradation, respectively, at 30 min of reaction time, using 0.05 mM BG and 1.0 mM oxidant initial concentration. The bimolecular rate constants of OH and SO4- with BG were determined to be 2.35 × 109 and 2.21 × 109 M-1 s-1, respectively. Electrical energy per order (EE/O) values for UV/PS, UV/PMS and UV/H2O2 processes were calculated to be 5.4, 6.8, and 7.8 KWh/m3/order, respectively. The addition of humic acid (HA) and inorganic anions inhibited the degradation of BG by UV/PS in the order of NO2- > HA > HCO3- > Cl- > NO3- ≈ SO42-. The results of frontier electron densities (FEDs) showed that C-atom holding the three rings (C7), and C-atoms at para positions to N-alkyl groups of the two rings (C4 and C14) are the predominant sites for radical addition. Furthermore, nine degradation products (DPs) of BG were detected experimentally using LC/MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Rehman
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 705 Engineering Research Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, United States; Radiation and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, The University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Murtaza Sayed
- Radiation and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Javed Ali Khan
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 705 Engineering Research Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, United States; Radiation and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Noor S Shah
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 705 Engineering Research Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, United States; Radiation and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan; Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Hasan M Khan
- Radiation and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 705 Engineering Research Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, United States; Nireas-International Water Research Centre, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, Nicosia, 1678, Cyprus.
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14
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Wu M, Cheng Z, Qin G, Lei M, Wu J, Wu J, Hu BX, Lin J. The change of representative elementary volume of DNAPL influenced by surface active agents during long-term remediation period in heterogeneous porous media. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 625:1175-1190. [PMID: 29996414 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Representative elementary volume (REV) is important to characterize dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) during surfactant-Enhanced aquifer remediation (SEAR) period. To investigate the REVs of DNAPL in remediation, a perchloroethylene (PCE) SEAR experiment is conducted in a two dimensional (2D) heterogeneous translucent porous media. Light transmission techniques are used to quantify PCE saturation (Soil) and PCE-water interfacial area (AOW). Afterward, corresponding REVs are estimated using a criterion of relative gradient error (εgi) to reveal the change of REVs of DNAPL over the entire remediation period. Results from this work suggest the presence of surface active agents strongly affect the REVs of DNAPL. At the beginning of the SEAR experiment, the frequency of minimum Soil-REV size closely follows a Gaussian distribution in 0.0mm-11.0mm. Simultaneously, the frequency of minimum AOW-REV size is close to a Gaussian distribution in 2.0mm-9.0mm and appears a peak value in 13.0mm-14.0mm. As SEAR experiment proceeds, both the shapes of frequency and cumulative frequency of REV sizes are changed. At the end of SEAR experiment, the frequency of minimum Soil-REV and minimum AOW-REV size tend to Gaussian distributions in 0.0mm-6.0mm and 0.0mm-9.0mm, respectively, which suggest both minimum Soil-REV size and minimum AOW-REV size show decreasing tendency. Continuous quantification of the REVs of DNAPL is realized in this study to reveal the change of REVs influenced by surface active agent. The finding has important significance on improving our understanding of the characteristics of DNAPL in SEAR process, simulating DNAPL remediation and designing appropriate remediation scheme with high-resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wu
- Institute of Groundwater and Earth Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Department of Hydrosciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Zhou Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510045, PR China
| | - Guangxiong Qin
- Institute of Groundwater and Earth Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Ming Lei
- Zhejiang Institute of Hydrology and Engineering Geology, Ningbo 315000, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Department of Hydrosciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Jichun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Department of Hydrosciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Bill X Hu
- Institute of Groundwater and Earth Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
| | - Jin Lin
- Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, PR China
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15
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Huang J, Wang KS, Liang C. Oxidative degradation of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) by UV/persulfate and associated acute toxicity assessment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2017; 52:930-937. [PMID: 28494219 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2017.1318634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) is widely used in high-tech industries as a developing agent. Ultraviolet (UV) light-activated persulfate (PS, S2O82-) can be used to generate strongly oxidative sulfate radicals, and it also exhibits the potential to treat TMAH-containing wastewater. This study initially investigated the effect of S2O82- concentration and UV strength on the UV/S2O82- process for the degradation of TMAH in a batch reactor. The results suggested that 15 watts (W) of UV-activated S2O82- at concentrations of 10 or 50 mM resulted in pseudo-first-order TMAH degradation rate constants of 3.1-4.2 × 10-2 min-1, which was adopted for determining the hydraulic retention time (HRT) in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The operating conditions (15 W UV/10 mM S2O82-) with a HRT of 129 min resulted in stable residual concentrations of S2O82- and TMAH at approximately 2.6 mM and 20 mg L-1 in effluent, respectively. Several TMAH degradation intermediates including trimethylamine, dimethylamine, and methylamine were also detected. The effluent was adjusted to a neutral pH and evaluated for its biological acute toxicity using Cyprinus carpio as a bioassay organism. The "bio-acute toxicity unit" (TUa) was determined to be 1.41, which indicated that the effluent was acceptable for being discharged into an aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingting Huang
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Kai-Sung Wang
- b Department of Public Health , Chung-Shan Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chenju Liang
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan
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16
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Wang L, Peng L, Xie L, Deng P, Deng D. Compatibility of Surfactants and Thermally Activated Persulfate for Enhanced Subsurface Remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:7055-7064. [PMID: 28548832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Limited aqueous availability of hydrophobic organic contaminants and nonaqueous phase liquids in subsurface environment may seriously impair the effectiveness of traditional in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO). To tackle the issue, a combination of surfactants and thermally activated persulfate was proposed to enhance the aqueous availability and consequent oxidation of organic contaminants. The compatibility of eight representative nonionic, monovalent anionic, and divalent anionic surfactants with persulfate at various temperatures was first studied, to identify suitable surfactants that have high aqueous stability and low oxidant demands to couple with thermally activated persulfate. C12-MADS (sodium dodecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate, a representative divalent anionic surfactant) stands out as the most compatible surfactant. Batch treatability study with coal tar, an example of challenging scenarios for traditional ISCO, was then conducted. The results show that C12-MADS can significantly enhance not only the oxidation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons contained in coal tar but also oxidant utilization efficiency, indicating the potential of the proposed coupling process for the treatment of organic contaminants with low aqueous availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Libin Peng
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Liling Xie
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Peiyan Deng
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Dayi Deng
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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17
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Tsoumachidou S, Velegraki T, Antoniadis A, Poulios I. Greywater as a sustainable water source: A photocatalytic treatment technology under artificial and solar illumination. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 195:232-241. [PMID: 27562699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Greywater considers being a highly reclaimable water source particularly important for water-stressed nations. In this work, heterogeneous photocatalysis using artificial and solar illumination has been applied for the mineralization of simulated light greywater (effluents from dishwashers and kitchen sinks were excluded from the study). The effects on the process' efficiency of TiO2 P25 catalyst's concentration, initial concentration of H2O2 and Fe3+, pH of the solution, as well as the type of radiation, were evaluated in a bench-scale Pyrex reactor and a pilot-scale slurry fountain photoreactor. The treatment efficiency has been followed through the evolution of the organic matter content expresses as dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Best results were obtained with the photo-Fenton-assisted TiO2 photocatalytic process with 72% DOC removal after 210 min of bench scale treatment, while under the same photocatalytic conditions in the pilot reactor the DOC removal reached almost 64%. Moreover, the decrease in toxicity, phytotoxicity and biodegradability of the simulated wastewater has been observed after solar-induced photocatalytic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Tsoumachidou
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theodora Velegraki
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Apostolos Antoniadis
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Laboratory of Applied Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Poulios
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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18
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Cheng Z, Gao B, Xu H, Sun Y, Shi X, Wu J. Effects of surface active agents on DNAPL migration and distribution in saturated porous media. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 571:1147-1154. [PMID: 27450259 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved surface active agents such as surfactant and natural organic matter can affect the distribution and fate of dense nonaqueous liquids (DNAPLs) in soil and groundwater systems. This work investigated how two common groundwater surface active agents, humic acid (HA) and Tween 80, affected tetrachloroethylene (PCE) migration and source zone architecture in saturated porous media under environmentally relevant conditions. Batch experiments were first conducted to measure the contact angles and interfacial tensions (IFT) between PCE and quartz surface in water containing different amount of surface active agents. Results showed that the contact angle increased and IFT decreased with concentration of surface active agent increasing, and Tween 80 was much more effective than HA. Five 2-D flow cell experiments were then conducted. Correspondingly, Tween 80 showed strong effects on the migration and distribution of PCE in the porous media due to its ability to change the medium wettability from water-wet into intermediate/NAPL-wet. The downward migration velocities of the PCE in three Tween 80 cells were slower than those in the other two cells. In addition, the final saturation of the PCE in the cells containing surface active agents was higher than that in the water-only cell. Results from this work indicate that the presence of surface active agents in groundwater may strongly affect the fate and distribution of DNAPL through altering porous medium wettability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hydrosciences Department, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Hongxia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hydrosciences Department, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hydrosciences Department, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoqing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hydrosciences Department, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jichun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hydrosciences Department, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Simultaneous Transformation of Commingled Trichloroethylene, Tetrachloroethylene, and 1,4-Dioxane by a Microbially Driven Fenton Reaction in Batch Liquid Cultures. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 82:6335-6343. [PMID: 27542932 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02325-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Improper disposal of 1,4-dioxane and the chlorinated organic solvents trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (also known as perchloroethylene [PCE]) has resulted in widespread contamination of soil and groundwater. In the present study, a previously designed microbially driven Fenton reaction system was reconfigured to generate hydroxyl (HO˙) radicals for simultaneous transformation of source zone levels of single, binary, and ternary mixtures of TCE, PCE, and 1,4-dioxane. The reconfigured Fenton reaction system was driven by fed batch cultures of the Fe(III)-reducing facultative anaerobe Shewanella oneidensis amended with lactate, Fe(III), and contaminants and exposed to alternating anaerobic and aerobic conditions. To avoid contaminant loss due to volatility, the Fe(II)-generating, hydrogen peroxide-generating, and contaminant transformation phases of the microbially driven Fenton reaction system were separated. The reconfigured Fenton reaction system transformed TCE, PCE, and 1,4-dioxane either as single contaminants or as binary and ternary mixtures. In the presence of equimolar concentrations of PCE and TCE, the ratio of the experimentally derived rates of PCE and TCE transformation was nearly identical to the ratio of the corresponding HO˙ radical reaction rate constants. The reconfigured Fenton reaction system may be applied as an ex situ platform for simultaneous degradation of commingled TCE, PCE, and 1,4-dioxane and provides valuable information for future development of in situ remediation technologies. IMPORTANCE A microbially driven Fenton reaction system [driven by the Fe(III)-reducing facultative anaerobe S. oneidensis] was reconfigured to transform source zone levels of TCE, PCE, and 1,4-dioxane as single contaminants or as binary and ternary mixtures. The microbially driven Fenton reaction may thus be applied as an ex situ platform for simultaneous degradation of at least three (and potentially more) commingled contaminants. Additional targets for ex situ and in situ degradation by the microbially driven Fenton reaction developed in the present study include multiple combinations of environmental contaminants susceptible to attack by Fenton reaction-generated HO˙ radicals, including commingled plumes of 1,4-dioxane, pentachlorophenol (PCP), PCE, TCE, 1,1,2-trichloroethane (TCA), and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS).
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Zhang J, Sun B, Guan X. Oxidative removal of bisphenol A by permanganate: Kinetics, pathways and influences of co-existing chemicals. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Mercado-Borrayo BM, Schouwenaars R, González-Chávez JL, Ramírez-Zamora RM. Multi-analytical assessment of iron and steel slag characteristics to estimate the removal of metalloids from contaminated water. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2013; 48:887-895. [PMID: 23485238 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2013.761492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A multi-analytical approach was used to develop a mathematical regression model to calculate the residual concentration of borate ions in water present at high initial content, as a function of the main physicochemical, mineralogical and electrokinetic characteristics after adsorption on five different types of iron and steel slag. The analytical techniques applied and slag properties obtained in this work were: X-ray Fluorescence for the identification of the main chemical compounds, X-ray Diffraction to determine crystalline phases, physical adsorption of nitrogen for the quantification of textural properties and zeta-potential for electrokinetic measurements of slag particles. Adsorption tests were carried out using the bottle-point technique and a highly concentrated borate solution (700 mg B/L) at pH 10, with a slag dose of 10 g/L. An excellent correlation between the residual concentration of boron and three independent variables (content of magnesium oxide, zeta potential and specific surface area) was established for the five types of slag tested in this work. This shows that the methodology based on a multi-analytical approach is a very strong and useful tool to estimate the performance of iron and steel slag as adsorbent of metalloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Mercado-Borrayo
- Instituto de Ingeniería, Coordinación de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, DF, México
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Wang S, Huang GH, He L. Development of a clusterwise-linear-regression-based forecasting system for characterizing DNAPL dissolution behaviors in porous media. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2012; 433:141-150. [PMID: 22789814 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater contamination by dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) has become an issue of great concern in many industrialized countries due to their serious threat to human health. Dissolution and transport of DNAPLs in porous media are complicated, multidimensional and multiphase processes, which pose formidable challenges for investigation of their behaviors and implementation of effective remediation technologies. Numerical simulation models could help gain in-depth insight into complex mechanisms of DNAPLs dissolution and transport processes in the subsurface; however, they were computationally expensive, especially when a large number of runs were required, which was considered as a major obstacle for conducting further analysis. Therefore, proxy models that mimic key characteristics of a full simulation model were desired to save many orders of magnitude of computational cost. In this study, a clusterwise-linear-regression (CLR)-based forecasting system was developed for establishing a statistical relationship between DNAPL dissolution behaviors and system conditions under discrete and nonlinear complexities. The results indicated that the developed CLR-based forecasting system was capable not only of predicting DNAPL concentrations with acceptable error levels, but also of providing a significance level in each cutting/merging step such that the accuracies of the developed forecasting trees could be controlled. This study was a first attempt to apply the CLR model to characterize DNAPL dissolution and transport processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wang
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada S4S 0A2.
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Abstract
Soils at many existing and former industrial areas and disposal sites are contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons. In this study, laboratory bench-scale experiments were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of applying in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) on the treatment of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated soils. Three different oxidation processes including Fenton’s oxidation, persulfate oxidation, and permanganate oxidation were evaluated with initial total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration of approximately 3,920 mg/kg. The major control factors were oxidant species (hydrogen peroxide, persulfate, permanganate) and soil to liquid volume ratios (1 to 3). The oxidant concentration was 5 wt.%. Ferrous iron was used as the catalyst during the Fenton’s oxidation and persulfate oxidation processes, and the oxidant to ferrous iron molar ratio was 1 to 0.1. Among these three oxidation processes, contaminated soils treated by permanganate oxidation had the highest TPH removal efficiency (94% of TPH removal) during 360 min of operation. Approximately 75 and 61% of TPH removal was observed in batch experiments applying Fenton’s oxidation and persulfate oxidation, respectively. Due to the consumption of ferrous iron (used as the catalytic chemical) in the early stage during the operational period, both persulfate and Fenton’s oxidation processes had less TPH removal efficiencies. Frequent supplement of catalyst is required when persulfate and Fenton’s oxidation is applied for field application. Results from this study indicate that the ISCO scheme is a feasible technology for the treatment of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated soils within a short treatment period. The experimental results can be used for a scale-up system for practical application.
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Liang SH, Kao CM, Kuo YC, Chen KF, Yang BM. In situ oxidation of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated groundwater using passive ISCO system. WATER RESEARCH 2011; 45:2496-2506. [PMID: 21396673 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Revised: 02/03/2011] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater contamination by gasoline spill is a worldwide environmental problem. Gasoline contains methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) (a fuel oxygenates) and benzene, which are the chemicals of concerns among the gasoline components. In this study, an in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) barrier system was developed to evaluate the feasibility of applying this passive system on the control of MTBE and benzene plume in aquifer. The developed ISCO barrier contained oxidant-releasing materials, which could release oxidants (e.g., persulfate) when contact with water for the contaminants' oxidation in groundwater. In this study, laboratory-scale fill-and-draw experiments were conducted to determine the component ratios of the oxidant-releasing materials and evaluate the persulfate release rates. Results indicate that the average persulfate-releasing rate of 7.26 mg S(2)O(8)(2-)/d/g was obtained when the mass ratio of sodium persulfate/cement/sand/water was 1/1.4/0.24/0.7. The column study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of in situ application of the developed ISCO barrier system on MTBE and benzene oxidation. Results from the column study indicate that approximately 86-92% of MTBE and 95-99% of benzene could be removed during the early persulfate-releasing stage (before 48 pore volumes of groundwater pumping). The removal efficiencies for MTBE and benzene dropped to approximately 40-56% and 85-93%, respectively, during the latter part of the releasing period due to the decreased persulfate-releasing rate. Results reveal that acetone, byproduct of MTBE, was observed and then further oxidized completely. Results suggest that the addition of ferrous ion would activate the persulfate oxidation. However, excess ferrous ion would compete with organic contaminants for persulfate, and thus, cause the decrease in contaminant oxidation rates. The proposed treatment scheme would be expected to provide a more cost-effective alternative to remediate MTBE, benzene, and other petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated aquifers. Results from this study will be useful in designing a scale-up system for field application.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Liang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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Liang SH, Kao CM, Kuo YC, Chen KF. Application of persulfate-releasing barrier to remediate MTBE and benzene contaminated groundwater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 185:1162-1168. [PMID: 21044818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the potential of using an in situ oxidation barrier system to remediate gasoline-contaminated groundwater. The passive remedial system included a persulfate-releasing barrier containing persulfate-releasing materials to release persulfate for contaminant oxidation. Bench experiments were performed to determine the components and persulfate-releasing rate of the persulfate-releasing materials. Column experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the designed persulfate-releasing materials on the control of petroleum-hydrocarbon plume. In this study, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and benzene were used as the target compounds. The optimal persulfate releasing rate was obtained when the mass ratio of persulfate/cement/sand/water was 1/1/0.16/0.5, and the rate varied from 31 to 8 mg persulfate per day per g of material. Significant amounts of MTBE and benzene were removed through the oxidation process due to the release of persulfate, and the produced tert-butyl formate (TBF) and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), byproducts of MTBE, were further oxidized in the system. Results suggest that the oxidation rate would be affected by the oxidant reduction potential and concentrations of ferrous iron and persulfate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Liang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, No 70, Lien-Hi Rd, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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Mezyk SP, Rickman KA, McKay G, Hirsch CM, He X, Dionysiou DD. Remediation of Chemically-Contaminated Waters Using Sulfate Radical Reactions: Kinetic Studies. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2011-1071.ch012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P. Mezyk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd., Long Beach, CA 90840
- School of Energy, Environment, Biological and Medical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012
| | - Kimberly A. Rickman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd., Long Beach, CA 90840
- School of Energy, Environment, Biological and Medical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012
| | - Garrett McKay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd., Long Beach, CA 90840
- School of Energy, Environment, Biological and Medical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012
| | - Charlotte M. Hirsch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd., Long Beach, CA 90840
- School of Energy, Environment, Biological and Medical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012
| | - Xuexiang He
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd., Long Beach, CA 90840
- School of Energy, Environment, Biological and Medical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012
| | - Dionysios D. Dionysiou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd., Long Beach, CA 90840
- School of Energy, Environment, Biological and Medical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012
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Dugan PJ, Siegrist RL, Crimi ML. Coupling surfactants/cosolvents with oxidants for enhanced DNAPL removal: A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/rem.20249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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