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Lu ZY, Liu CY, Hu YY, Pan Y, Yuan L, Wu LT, Qi KK, Zhang Z, Zhou JC, Zhao JH, Hu Y, Yin H, Sheng GP. Unmasking Spatial Heterogeneity in Phytotoxicology Mechanisms Induced by Carbamazepine by Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Multiomics Analyses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:13986-13994. [PMID: 38992920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c04628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have highlighted the toxicity of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in plants, yet understanding their spatial distribution within plant tissues and specific toxic effects remains limited. This study investigates the spatial-specific toxic effects of carbamazepine (CBZ), a prevalent PPCP, in plants. Utilizing desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI), CBZ and its transformation products were observed predominantly at the leaf edges, with 2.3-fold higher concentrations than inner regions, which was confirmed by LC-MS. Transcriptomic and metabolic analyses revealed significant differences in gene expression and metabolite levels between the inner and outer leaf regions, emphasizing the spatial location's role in CBZ response. Notably, photosynthesis-related genes were markedly downregulated, and photosynthetic efficiency was reduced at leaf edges. Additionally, elevated oxidative stress at leaf edges was indicated by higher antioxidant enzyme activity, cell membrane impairment, and increased free fatty acids. Given the increased oxidative stress at the leaf margins, the study suggests using in situ Raman spectroscopy for early detection of CBZ-induced damage by monitoring reactive oxygen species levels. These findings provide crucial insights into the spatial toxicological mechanisms of CBZ in plants, forming a basis for future spatial toxicology research of PPCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yu Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Cheng-Yuan Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yan-Yun Hu
- Instruments Center for Physical Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yang Pan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Li Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Liu-Tian Wu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Ke-Ke Qi
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jing-Chen Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jia-Heng Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Instruments Center for Physical Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Guo-Ping Sheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Guo T, He D, Liu Y, Li J, Wang F. Lanthanum promotes Solanum nigrum L. growth and phytoremediation of cadmium and lead through endocytosis: Physiological and biochemical response, heavy metal uptake and visualization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168915. [PMID: 38030000 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) are important to enhance agricultural productivity. The utilization of phytoremediation as a green technology for addressing heavy metal (HMs) contamination in soil and wastewater has gained significant attention. In our research, we conducted indoor hydroponic experiments to examine the impacts of lanthanum (La) on the growth and enrichment capacity of Solanum nigrum L. (S. nigrum). S. nigrum was cultivated in 10 mg·L-1 of cadmium (Cd), 25 mg·L-1 of lead (Pb), and a mixture of both (5 mg·L-1 Cd + 15 mg·L-1 Pb). Additionally, S. nigrum were subjected to foliar spray or hydroponic supplementation of La(III). The treatment with La(III) significantly increased total fresh weight by 17.82 % to 42.20 %, compared to the treatment without La(III). Furthermore, La(III) facilitated the endocytosis of roots and enhanced Cd2+ flux ranging from 15.64 % to 75.99 % when compared to the treatment without La(III). Foliar and hydroponic application of La(III) resulted in an increase in the translocation factors (TF) in plants of Cd and Pb compared to treatments without La(III). These findings can offer valuable insights into the potential of La(III) to enhance the phytoremediation of soil or wastewater polluted with compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Guo
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Ding He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yongqiang Liu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jining Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Fenghe Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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Liu Y, Zhang B, Han YH, Yao Y, Guo P. Involvement of exogenous arsenic-reducing bacteria in root surface biofilm formation promoted phytoextraction of arsenic. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:160158. [PMID: 36379332 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Root surface biofilm (RSB) is the last window for pollutants entering plant roots and thus plays a critical role in the phytoextraction of pollutants. Exogenous arsenic-reducing bacteria (EARB) have been adopted to enhance the phytoextraction of arsenic (As). However, whether EARB would be involved in RSB formation together with indigenous bacteria and the role of EARB involvement in As phytoextraction are still unknown. Herein, two EARB strains and two phytoextractors (wheat and maize) were selected to investigate the involvement of EARB in RSB formation and its role in As phytoextraction. Results showed that EARB successfully participated in RSB formation together with indigenous bacteria, attributing to their strong chemotaxis and biofilm formation abilities induced by root exudates. The involvement of EARB in RSB formation significantly enhanced As accumulation in plant roots, since more arsenite (As(III)) caused by arsenate (As(V)) reduction in RSB was absorbed by roots. Its underlying mechanism was further elucidated. EARB involvement increased phylum Proteobacteria to produce more siderophores in RSB. Siderophores then improved photosynthesis by increasing catalase and peroxidase activities and decreasing the malondialdehyde of plants. These actions further raised the shoot fresh weight to enhance As accumulation in plant roots. Moreover, mesophyll cell in wheat has a stronger As(V) reduction ability than that in maize, resulting in opposite distribution patterns of As(III) and As(V) in wheat and maize shoots. This study provides a new understanding of phytoextraction enhanced by exogenous bacteria and fills the gap in the role of EARB in As phytoextraction from the perspective of the RSB microregion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Baiyu Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Yong-He Han
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, P R, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
| | - Ye Yao
- College of Physics, Jilin university, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Ping Guo
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China.
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Krasnodębska-Ostręga B, Sadowska M, Biaduń E, Mazur R, Kowalska J. Sinapis alba as a useful plant in bioremediation - studies of defense mechanisms and accumulation of As, Tl and PGEs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2022; 24:1475-1490. [PMID: 35216535 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2036098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of the soils with toxic elements is a serious problem all over the world. One of environmentally friendly techniques of their removal is phytoremediation. This paper is a summary of literature data and the results of own studies about the potential of Sinapis alba for bioaccumulation of Tl, As and PGEs, and its usefulness in remediation of polluted environment. S. alba is characterized with low living requirements, BFs ≫ 1 and high TFs, especially for Tl (up to 3). The influence of different forms of studied elements on plants was discussed based on biomass production, morphological changes and the impact on photosynthesis activity. The plants were cultivated in hydroponics and solid media of various composition, for example, in soil supplemented with MnO2, which resulted in BFs lower 6-7 times for leaves, and about 3-4 times for stems, as well as twice lower leaf development. Application of advanced analytical techniques was presented in studies of the detoxification mechanisms, identification of particular chemical forms of the elements and the presence of phytochelatins and their complexes with the investigated elements.Novelty StatementThe paper summarizes both literature and original data on Sinapis alba exposed to such elements as thallium, arsenic and platinum group metals. The influence of different forms of studied elements on white mustard was discussed based on biomass production and morphological changes, as well as the impact on photosynthesis activity. The study covers such aspects as bioaccumulation, phytotoxicity as well as the usefulness of white mustard in remediation of polluted environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ewa Biaduń
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Radosław Mazur
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Vogel-Mikuš K, Pongrac P. Imaging of Potassium and Calcium Distribution in Plant Tissues and Cells to Monitor Stress Response and Programmed Cell Death. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2447:233-246. [PMID: 35583786 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2079-3_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In plants, the response to stress, such as salinity, pathogen attack, drought, high concentration of metals, hyperthermia, and hypothermia, is usually accompanied by potassium ion (K+) leakage from the cytosol to the cell wall, mediated by plasma membrane cation conductivity. Stress-induced electrolyte leakage co-occurs with accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium ions (Ca2+) and often results in programmed cell death (PCD). The development of X-ray and mass spectrometry (MS) based imaging techniques has enabled insight into the spatial tissue and cell-specific redistribution of major and trace elements during the stress response. In this chapter a workflow for sample preparation, imaging, and image analysis by X-ray and MS based techniques is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Vogel-Mikuš
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Paula Pongrac
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Regression Models to Estimate Accumulation Capability of Six Metals by Two Macrophytes, Typha domingensis and Typha elephantina, Grown in an Arid Climate in the Mountainous Region of Taif, Saudi Arabia. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su14010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we explored the capacity for two promising macrophytes, Typha domingensis and Typha elephantina, to be used for the surveillance of contamination by six metals, i.e., Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn, in the mountainous area of Taif City in Saudi Arabia. Regression models were generated in order to forecast the metal concentrations within the plants’ organs, i.e., the leaves, flowers, peduncles, rhizomes, and roots. The sediment mean values for pH and the six metals varied amongst the sampling locations for the respective macrophytes, indicating that similar life forms fail to indicate equivalent concentrations. For instance, dissimilar concentrations of the metals under investigation were observed within the organs of the two rooted macrophytes. The research demonstrated that the segregation of metals is a regular event in all the investigated species in which the metal concentrations vary amongst the different plant constituent types. In the current study, T. domingensis and T. elephantina varied in their capacity to absorb specific metals; the bioaccumulation of metals was greater within T. domingensis. The relationships between the observed and model-estimated metal levels, in combination with high R2 and modest mean averaged errors, offered an appraisal of the goodness of fit of most of the generated models. The t-tests revealed no variations between the observed and model-estimated concentrations of the six metals under investigation within the organs of the two macrophytes, which emphasised the precision of the models. These models offer the ability to perform hazard appraisals within ecosystems and to determine the reference criteria for sediment metal concentration. Lastly, T. domingensis and T. elephantina exhibit the potential for bioaccumulation for the alleviation of contamination from metals.
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Assessment of Water Mimosa ( Neptunia oleracea Lour.) Morphological, Physiological, and Removal Efficiency for Phytoremediation of Arsenic-Polluted Water. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9111500. [PMID: 33171891 PMCID: PMC7694506 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is considered to be a toxic and heavy metal that exists in drinking water and can lead to acute biotoxicity. Water mimosa (Neptunia oleracea) has been widely identified as a feasible phytoremediator to clean up aquatic systems. In the current study, the phytoremediation potential of water mimosa exposed to different concentrations of sodium heptahydrate arsenate (Na2HAsO4·7H2O) was tested. A number of plant physiological and growth responses such as height of frond, existence of green leaves, relative growth rate, relative water content, tolerance index, decrease in ratio of biomass and ratio of dry weight, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis rate, intercellular CO2 concentrations, stomatal conductance, air pressure deficit, transpiration rate, proline and lipid peroxidation, as well as arsenic accumulation and removal efficacy were analyzed. The micromorphological analysis results confirmed water mimosa’s tolerance of up to 30 ppm of arsenic treatment. The results obtained from the chlorophyll and gas exchange content also showed severe damage by arsenic at doses higher than 30 ppm. In addition, the highest arsenic accumulation and arsenic removal efficacy were observed at the range of 30–60 ppm. An analysis of proline and lipid peroxidation content confirmed water mimosa’s tolerance of up to 30 ppm of arsenic. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and analysis also confirmed the accumulation of arsenic as shown by the deformation of water mimosa tissues. The results showed that water mimosa is a reliable bioremediator for removing arsenic from aquatic systems.
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Xu H, Yu T, Fu Y, Dang Z, Wang L, Xie S, Chang F, Shen H, Ren Q. Biosynthesis of Ag nanoparticles and two-dimensional element distribution in Arabidopsis. IET Nanobiotechnol 2020; 14:325-330. [PMID: 32463023 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2019.0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallic nanoparticles can be synthesised in living plants, which provide a friendly approach. In this work, the authors aimed to study the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in Arabidopsis and the two-dimensional (2D) distribution of Ag and other elements (Ca, P, S, Mg, and CI) in the Arabidopsis plant tissues. The concentrations of Ag in the plant tissues were determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer, showing that the majority of Ag was retained in the roots. Transmission electron micrographs showed the morphology of AgNPs and the location in plant cells. The distributions of Cl and Ag were consistent in plant tissues by 2D proton-induced X-ray emission. In conclusion, this is the first report of the AgNP synthesis in Arabidopsis living plants and its 2D distribution of important elements, which provide a new clue for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Xu
- Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yu
- Modern Physics Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyan Dang
- Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Songhai Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Shen
- Modern Physics Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingguang Ren
- Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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De-Jesús-García R, Rosas U, Dubrovsky JG. The barrier function of plant roots: biological bases for selective uptake and avoidance of soil compounds. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2020; 47:383-397. [PMID: 32213271 DOI: 10.1071/fp19144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The root is the main organ through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant organism. In addition, root fulfils several other functions. Here, we propose that the root also performs the barrier function, which is essential not only for plant survival but for plant acclimation and adaptation to a constantly changing and heterogeneous soil environment. This function is related to selective uptake and avoidance of some soil compounds at the whole plant level. We review the toolkit of morpho-anatomical, structural, and other components that support this view. The components of the root structure involved in selectivity, permeability or barrier at a cellular, tissue, and organ level and their properties are discussed. In consideration of the arguments supporting barrier function of plant roots, evolutionary aspects of this function are also reviewed. Additionally, natural variation in selective root permeability is discussed which suggests that the barrier function is constantly evolving and is subject of natural selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramces De-Jesús-García
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenuenida Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Ulises Rosas
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Joseph G Dubrovsky
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenuenida Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico; and Corresponding author.
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Du F, Liu P, Wang K, Yang Z, Wang L. Ionomic responses of rice plants to the stresses of different arsenic species in hydroponics. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 243:125398. [PMID: 31770698 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Different ionomic profiles of plants are associated with different external stresses to which they are exposed. Investigation of ionomic variation is necessary for understanding the migration and detoxification of toxic elements in plants. In the current study, rice plants were treated with arsenite, arsenate, monomethylarsonic acid and dimethylarsinic acid in hydroponics. The ionomic responses of the rice plants to different arsenic (As) species stresses were measured and analyzed. The multielement approach is more sensitive at detecting significant variations from external environmental stresses than the consideration of several individual elements. The pairs of significant correlations between elements varied based on the rice tissues and As species used in treatment, resulting in specific correlation networks. However, some pairs of correlations existed regardless of As species treatment used in this study. Positive correlations between P and Fe were observed in rice roots treated with any of the As species, implying that P and Fe share similar biological processes. The heatmap from hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) agreed with the principal component analysis (PCA) results in ionomic differentiation between roots and shoots. Furthermore, ionomic differences between rice plants treated with different As species were identified through PCA. This study revealed that the ionomic profiles in rice plants are sufficient to detect responses to environmental perturbations. Association studies between ionomics and genomics are necessary to further understand the potential mechanisms that promote uptake or exclusion of elements in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Peng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhaoguang Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
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11
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Wu Y, Jing X, Gao C, Huang Q, Cai P. Recent advances in microbial electrochemical system for soil bioremediation. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 211:156-163. [PMID: 30071427 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination poses a serious threat to ecosystem and human well-being. Compared to conventional physical and chemical treatment, the microbial electrochemical system (MES) offers a sustainable and environment-friendly solution for soil bioremediation. In principle, soil microbe degrades organic substrate and releases electron in anode region. The electron flows through electric circuit to the cathode and finally is accepted by oxygen or oxidized metals. With various inherent advantages, MES has been applied in petroleum hydrocarbon, chlorinated organics and heavy metals bioremediation in soils. This paper aims to review the recent advances of MES in soil bioremediation, including main mechanisms of contaminant removal with MES, configurations of soil MES and current development in bioremediation of soil contaminated by organic and inorganic pollutants. Moreover, challenges and future prospects of soil MES are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources of Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinxin Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources of Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunhui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources of Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiaoyun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources of Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources of Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
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Feng H, Qian Y, Cochran JK, Zhu Q, Heilbrun C, Li L, Hu W, Yan H, Huang X, Ge M, Nazareski E, Chu YS, Yoo S, Zhang X, Liu CJ. Seasonal differences in trace element concentrations and distribution in Spartina alterniflora root tissue. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 204:359-370. [PMID: 29674148 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study uses nanometer-scale synchrotron X-ray nanofluorescence to investigate season differences in concentrations and distributions of major (Ca, K, S and P) and trace elements (As, Cr, Cu, Fe and Zn) in the root system of Spartina alterniflora collected from Jamaica Bay, New York, in April and September 2015. The root samples were cross-sectioned at a thickness of 10 μm. Selected areas in the root epidermis and endodermis were mapped with a sampling resolution of 100 and 200 nm, varying with the mapping areas. The results indicate that trace element concentrations in the epidermis and endodermis vary among the elements measured, possibly because of their different chemical properties or their ability to act as micronutrients for the plants. Elemental concentrations (As, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, P, S and Zn) within each individual root sample and between the root samples collected during two different seasons are both significantly different (p < 0.01). Furthermore, this study indicates that the nonessential elements (As and Cr) are significantly correlated (p < 0.01) with Fe, with high concentrations in the root epidermis, while others are not, implying that Fe may be a barrier to nonessential element transport in the root system. Hierarchy cluster analysis shows two distinct groups, one including As, Cr and Fe and the other the rest of the elements measured. Factor analysis also indicates that the processes and mechanisms controlling element transport in the root system can be different between the nutrient and nonessential elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Feng
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA.
| | - Yu Qian
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, PR China
| | - J Kirk Cochran
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Qingzhi Zhu
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Christina Heilbrun
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Li Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Wen Hu
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Hanfei Yan
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Xiaojing Huang
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Mingyuan Ge
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Evgeny Nazareski
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Yong S Chu
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Shinjae Yoo
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- Biological Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Chang-Jun Liu
- Biological Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
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13
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Zhang Z, Moon HS, Myneni SCB, Jaffé PR. Phosphate enhanced abiotic and biotic arsenic mobilization in the wetland rhizosphere. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 187:130-139. [PMID: 28846968 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Although abiotic process of competitive sorption between phosphate (P) and arsenate (As(V)), especially onto iron oxides, are well understood, P-mediated biotic processes of Fe and As redox transformation contributing to As mobilization and speciation in wetlands remain poorly defined. To gain new insights into the effects of P on As mobility, speciation, and bioavailability in wetlands, well-controlled greenhouse experiments were conducted. As expected, increased P levels contributed to more As desorption, but more interestingly the interactions between P and wetland plants played a synergistic role in the microbially-mediated As mobilization and enhanced As uptake by plants. High levels of P promoted plant growth and the exudation of labile organic carbon from roots, enhancing the growth of heterotrophic bacteria, including As and Fe reducers. This in turn resulted in both, more As desorption into solution due to reductive iron dissolution, and a higher fraction of the dissolved As in the form of As(III) due to the higher number of As(V) reducers. Consistent with the dissolved As results, arsenic-XANES spectra from solid medium samples demonstrated that more As was sequestered in the rhizosphere as As(III) in the presence of high P levels than for low P levels. Hence, increased P loading to wetlands stimulates both abiotic and biotic processes in the wetland rhizosphere, resulting in more As mobilization, more As reduction, as well as more As uptake by plants. These interactions are important to be taken into account in As fate and transport models in wetlands and management of wetlands containing As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyun Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, 08540, USA; Joint Genome Institute, Department of Energy, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, United States; Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, United States
| | - Hee Sun Moon
- Groundwater and Ecohydrology Research Center, Geologic Environment Division, Korean Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Deajeon, 34132, South Korea.
| | - Satish C B Myneni
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, 08540, USA
| | - Peter R Jaffé
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, 08540, USA.
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14
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Bonanno G, Cirelli GL. Comparative analysis of element concentrations and translocation in three wetland congener plants: Typha domingensis, Typha latifolia and Typha angustifolia. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 143:92-101. [PMID: 28525817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzed the concentrations and distributions of Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in three different cattail species growing spontaneously in a natural wetland subject to municipal wastewater and metal contamination. The cattail species included Typha domingensis, T. latifolia and T. angustifolia. Results showed that all Typha species have similar element concentrations in roots, rhizomes and leaves, and similar element mobility from sediments to roots and from roots to leaves. This study corroborated three patterns of Typha species growing in metal contaminated environments: high tolerance to toxic conditions, bulk element concentrations in roots, and restricted element translocation from roots to leaves. This study showed that three different Typha species respond similarly to metal inputs under the same polluting field conditions. Given their similar metal content and similar biomass size, our results suggest that T. domingensis, T. latifolia and T. angustifolia may have comparable capacity of phytoremediation. High element uptake and large biomass make Typha species some of the best species for phytoremediation of metal contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Bonanno
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Via Longo 19, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Luigi Cirelli
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
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15
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Thyssen GM, Holtkamp M, Kaulfürst-Soboll H, Wehe CA, Sperling M, von Schaewen A, Karst U. Elemental bioimaging by means of LA-ICP-OES: investigation of the calcium, sodium and potassium distribution in tobacco plant stems and leaf petioles. Metallomics 2017; 9:676-684. [PMID: 28504297 DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00003k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (LA-ICP-OES) is presented as a valuable tool for elemental bioimaging of alkali and earth alkali elements in plants. Whereas LA-ICP-OES is commonly used for micro analysis of solid samples, laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) has advanced to the gold standard for bioimaging. However, especially for easily excitable and ubiquitous elements such as alkali and earth alkali elements, LA-ICP-OES holds some advantages regarding simultaneous detection, costs, contamination, and user-friendliness. This is demonstrated by determining the calcium, sodium and potassium distribution in tobacco plant stem and leaf petiole tissues. A quantification of the calcium contents in a concentration range up to 1000 μg g-1 using matrix-matched standards is presented as well. The method is directly compared to a LA-ICP-MS approach by analyzing parallel slices of the same samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Thyssen
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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16
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Feng X, Han L, Chao D, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Wang R, Guo J, Feng R, Xu Y, Ding Y, Huang B, Zhang G. Ionomic and transcriptomic analysis provides new insight into the distribution and transport of cadmium and arsenic in rice. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 331:246-256. [PMID: 28273574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
To identify the key barrier parts and relevant elements during Cd/As transport into brown rice, 16 elements were measured in 14 different parts of 21 rice genotypes; moreover, transcriptomic of different nodes was analyzed. Cd/As contents in root and nodes were significantly higher than those other parts. Node I had the highest Cd content among nodes, leading an increase in gene expressions involved in glycolytic and Cd detoxification. The Cu/Zn/Co distribution and transport to various parts was similar to that of Cd, and Fe/Sb distribution and transport to various parts was similar to that of As. Moreover, Cu/Zn/Co/Mg was correlated with Cd in root and nodes, as well as Fe with As. Besides, the ionomic profile showed the different parts of an organ were closely related, and the spatial distribution of different organs was consistent with the growth morphology of rice. Therefore, root and nodes are two key barriers to Cd/As transport into brown rice. Moreover, Node I has the highest Cd accumulation capacities among nodes. The ionomic profile reflects relationships among plant parts and correlations between the elements, suggesting that nodes are hubs for element distribution, as well as the correlation between Cd with Zn/Cu/Co/Mg, between Fe with As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Feng
- Innovative Team of Heavy Metal Remediation Contaminated Farmland Soil of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environmental Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, PR China
| | - Lei Han
- Innovative Team of Heavy Metal Remediation Contaminated Farmland Soil of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environmental Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, PR China
| | - Daiyin Chao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- Innovative Team of Heavy Metal Remediation Contaminated Farmland Soil of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environmental Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, PR China
| | - Yajing Zhang
- Innovative Team of Heavy Metal Remediation Contaminated Farmland Soil of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environmental Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, PR China
| | - Ruigang Wang
- Innovative Team of Heavy Metal Remediation Contaminated Farmland Soil of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environmental Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, PR China.
| | - Junkang Guo
- Innovative Team of Heavy Metal Remediation Contaminated Farmland Soil of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environmental Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, PR China
| | - Renwei Feng
- Innovative Team of Heavy Metal Remediation Contaminated Farmland Soil of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environmental Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, PR China
| | - Yingming Xu
- Innovative Team of Heavy Metal Remediation Contaminated Farmland Soil of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environmental Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Ding
- Innovative Team of Heavy Metal Remediation Contaminated Farmland Soil of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environmental Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, PR China
| | - Biyan Huang
- Rural Energy and Environment Agency, Guangxi, Nanning 530022, PR China
| | - Guilong Zhang
- Innovative Team of Heavy Metal Remediation Contaminated Farmland Soil of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environmental Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, PR China
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17
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Ben Salem Z, Laffray X, Al-Ashoor A, Ayadi H, Aleya L. Metals and metalloid bioconcentrations in the tissues of Typha latifolia grown in the four interconnected ponds of a domestic landfill site. J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 54:56-68. [PMID: 28391949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The uptake of metals in roots and their transfer to rhizomes and above-ground plant parts (stems, leaves) of cattails (Typha latifolia L.) were studied in leachates from a domestic landfill site (Etueffont, France) and treated in a natural lagooning system. Plant parts and corresponding water and sediment samples were taken at the inflow and outflow points of the four ponds at the beginning and at the end of the growing season. Concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn in the different compartments were estimated and their removal efficiency assessed, reaching more than 90% for Fe, Mn and Ni in spring and fall as well in the water compartment. The above- and below-ground cattail biomass varied from 0.21 to 0.85, and 0.34 to 1.24kgdryweight/m2, respectively, the highest values being recorded in the fourth pond in spring 2011. The root system was the first site of accumulation before the rhizome, stem and leaves. The highest metal concentration was observed in roots from cattails growing at the inflow of the system's first pond. The trend in the average trace element concentrations in the cattail plant organs can generally be expressed as: Fe>Mn>As > Zn>Cr>Cu>Ni>Cd for both spring and fall. While T. latifolia removes trace elements efficiently from landfill leachates, attention should also be paid to the negative effects of these elements on plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohra Ben Salem
- Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Laffray
- Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Paris Est-Créteil University, IPE team, iEES Paris UMR 7618, F-94010 Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Ahmed Al-Ashoor
- Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Thi Qar University, IQ-64001 Al Nasiriyah, Iraq
| | - Habib Ayadi
- Sfax University, LR/UR/05ES05 Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystem, BP 1171, CP 3000 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France.
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18
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Feng H, Qian Y, Cochran JK, Zhu Q, Hu W, Yan H, Li L, Huang X, Chu YS, Liu H, Yoo S, Liu CJ. Nanoscale measurement of trace element distributions in Spartina alterniflora root tissue during dormancy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40420. [PMID: 28098254 PMCID: PMC5241796 DOI: 10.1038/srep40420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reports a nanometer-scale investigation of trace element (As, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, S and Zn) distributions in the root system Spartina alterniflora during dormancy. The sample was collected on a salt marsh island in Jamaica Bay, New York, in April 2015 and the root was cross-sectioned with 10 μm resolution. Synchrotron X-ray nanofluorescence was applied to map the trace element distributions in selected areas of the root epidermis and endodermis. The sampling resolution was 60 nm to increase the measurement accuracy and reduce the uncertainty. The results indicate that the elemental concentrations in the epidermis, outer endodermis and inner endodermis are significantly (p < 0.01) different. The root endodermis has relatively higher concentrations of these elements than the root epidermis. Furthermore, this high resolution measurement indicates that the elemental concentrations in the outer endodermis are significantly (p < 0.01) higher than those in the inner endodermis. These results suggest that the Casparian strip may play a role in governing the aplastic transport of these elements. Pearson correlation analysis on the average concentrations of each element in the selected areas shows that most of the elements are significantly (p < 0.05) correlated, which suggests that these elements may share the same transport pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Feng
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey 07043, USA
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey 07043, USA
| | - J. Kirk Cochran
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Qingzhi Zhu
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Wen Hu
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Hanfei Yan
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Li Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Xiaojing Huang
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Yong S. Chu
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Houjun Liu
- College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PRC
| | - Shinjae Yoo
- Computational Science Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Chang-Jun Liu
- Biological Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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19
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Removal of Pb, Cu, Cd, and Zn Present in Aqueous Solution Using Coupled Electrocoagulation-Phytoremediation Treatment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/7681451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents the results of a coupled electrocoagulation-phytoremediation treatment for the reduction of copper, cadmium, lead, and zinc, present in aqueous solution. The electrocoagulation was carried out in a batch reactor using aluminum electrodes in parallel arrangement; the optimal conditions were current density of 8 mA/cm2 and operating time of 180 minutes. For phytoremediation the macrophytes, Typha latifolia L., were used during seven days of treatment. The results indicated that the coupled treatment reduced metal concentrations by 99.2% Cu, 81.3% Cd, and 99.4% Pb, while Zn increased due to the natural concentrations of the plant used.
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20
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Habibul N, Hu Y, Sheng GP. Microbial fuel cell driving electrokinetic remediation of toxic metal contaminated soils. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 318:9-14. [PMID: 27388419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An investigation of the feasibility of in-situ electrokinetic remediation for toxic metal contaminated soil driven by microbial fuel cell (MFC) is presented. Results revealed that the weak electricity generated from MFC could power the electrokinetic remediation effectively. The metal removal efficiency and its influence on soil physiological properties were also investigated. With the electricity generated through the oxidation of organics in soils by microorganisms, the metals in the soils would mitigate from the anode to the cathode. The concentrations of Cd and Pb in the soils increased gradually through the anode to the cathode regions after remediation. After about 143days and 108 days' operation, the removal efficiencies of 31.0% and 44.1% for Cd and Pb at the anode region could be achieved, respectively. Soil properties such as pH and soil conductivity were also significantly redistributed from the anode to the cathode regions. The study shows that the MFC driving electrokinetic remediation technology is cost-effective and environmental friendly, with a promising application in soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuzahat Habibul
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Yi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 China
| | - Guo-Ping Sheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 China.
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21
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Zeman J, Ješkovský M, Kaiser R, Kaizer J, Povinec PP, Staníček J. PIXE beam line at the CENTA facility of the Comenius University in Bratislava: first results. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-016-5004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Shelef O, Pongrac P, Pelicon P, Vavpeti P, Kelemen M, Seifan M, Rewald B, Rachmilevitch S. Insights into root structure and function of Bassia indica: water redistribution and element dispersion. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2016; 43:620-631. [PMID: 32480491 DOI: 10.1071/fp16057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In the last few decades, research has increasingly been aimed at clarifying how root system architecture, physiology and function are related to environmental drivers. 'Negative halotropism' has been defined as the alteration of root growth direction to avoid salinity. We suggested that 'positive halotropism' may be found in halophytes relying on salinity for optimal growth. Investigating root structure of the halophyte Bassia indica (Wight) A. J. Scott, we have shown that positive halotropism can explain the growth of horizontal roots towards optimal salt concentrations along a soil salinity gradient. Here we tested three hypotheses. First, that development of B. indica roots depends on a trade-off between optimal nutrient supply and saline concentrations: results of split-root-experiment showed a preference for sand enriched with nutrients and poor in salts. Second, that shallow horizontal roots enable B. indica to forage for nutrient-rich patches. Results demonstrated that bulk elemental analysis was not consistent with tissue-specific elemental analysis, and this can be explained by substantial variability of element composition of particular root segments. Third, we hypothesised that B. indica redistributes water horizontally through shallow horizontal roots. Results showed that back flow of water from the tap root towards tip root was possible in horizontal roots in saline microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Shelef
- The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus 84990, Israel
| | - Paula Pongrac
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Pelicon
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Vavpeti
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mitja Kelemen
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Merav Seifan
- The Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, The Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental and Energy Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus 84990, Israel
| | - Boris Rewald
- The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus 84990, Israel
| | - Shimon Rachmilevitch
- The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus 84990, Israel
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23
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Feng H, Zhang W, Qian Y, Liu W, Yu L, Yoo S, Wang J, Wang JJ, Eng C, Liu CJ, Tappero R. Synchrotron X-ray microfluorescence measurement of metal distributions in Phragmites australis root system in the Yangtze River intertidal zone. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2016; 23:937-946. [PMID: 27359142 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577516008146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the distributions of Br, Ca, Cl, Cr, Cu, K, Fe, Mn, Pb, Ti, V and Zn in Phragmites australis root system and the function of Fe nanoparticles in scavenging metals in the root epidermis using synchrotron X-ray microfluorescence, synchrotron transmission X-ray microscope measurement and synchrotron X-ray absorption near-edge structure techniques. The purpose of this study is to understand the mobility of metals in wetland plant root systems after their uptake from rhizosphere soils. Phragmites australis samples were collected in the Yangtze River intertidal zone in July 2013. The results indicate that Fe nanoparticles are present in the root epidermis and that other metals correlate significantly with Fe, suggesting that Fe nanoparticles play an important role in metal scavenging in the epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Feng
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Wenliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Shinjae Yoo
- Computational Science Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Photon Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Jia Jun Wang
- Photon Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Christopher Eng
- Photon Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Chang Jun Liu
- Biological Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Ryan Tappero
- Photon Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
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24
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Huber C, Preis M, Harvey PJ, Grosse S, Letzel T, Schröder P. Emerging pollutants and plants--Metabolic activation of diclofenac by peroxidases. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 146:435-41. [PMID: 26741549 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Human pharmaceuticals and their residues are constantly detected in our waterbodies, due to poor elimination rates, even in the most advanced waste water treatment plants. Their impact on the environment and human health still remains unclear. When phytoremediation is applied to aid water treatment, plants may transform and degrade xenobiotic contaminants through phase I and phase II metabolism to more water soluble and less toxic intermediates. In this context, peroxidases play a major role in activating compounds during phase I via oxidation. In the present work, the ability of a plant peroxidase to oxidize the human painkiller diclofenac was confirmed using stopped flow spectroscopy in combination with LC-MS analysis. Analysis of an orange colored product revealed the structure of the highly reactive Diclofenac-2,5-Iminoquinone, which may be the precursor of several biological conjugates and breakdown products in planta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Huber
- Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martina Preis
- School of Science, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Patricia J Harvey
- School of Science, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Sylvia Grosse
- Technische Universität München, Lehrstuhl für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft, Am Coulombwall, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas Letzel
- Technische Universität München, Lehrstuhl für Siedlungswasserwirtschaft, Am Coulombwall, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Schröder
- Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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25
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Feng H, Qian Y, Gallagher FJ, Zhang W, Yu L, Liu C, Jones KW, Tappero R. Synchrotron micro-scale measurement of metal distributions in Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia root tissue from an urban brownfield site. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 41:172-182. [PMID: 26969063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Liberty State Park in New Jersey, USA, is a "brownfield" site containing various levels of contaminants. To investigate metal uptake and distributions in plants on the brownfield site, Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia were collected in Liberty State Park during the growing season (May-September) in 2011 at two sites with the high and low metal loads, respectively. The objective of this study was to understand the metal (Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb and Zn) concentration and spatial distributions in P. australis and T. latifolia root systems with micro-meter scale resolution using synchrotron X-ray microfluorescence (μXRF) and synchrotron X-ray computed microtomography (μCMT) techniques. The root structure measurement by synchrotron μCMT showed that high X-ray attenuation substance appeared in the epidermis. Synchrotron μXRF measurement showed that metal concentrations and distributions in the root cross-section between epidermis and vascular tissue were statistically different. Significant correlations were found between metals (Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn) and Fe in the epidermis, implying that metals were scavenged by Fe oxides. The results from this study suggest that the expression of metal transport and accumulation within the root systems may be element specific. The information derived from this study can improve our current knowledge of the wetland plant ecological function in brownfield remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Feng
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA.
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Frank J Gallagher
- Urban Forestry Program, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Lizhong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Changjun Liu
- Biological, Environmental and Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Keith W Jones
- Biological, Environmental and Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Ryan Tappero
- Photon Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
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26
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Villafort Carvalho MT, Pongrac P, Mumm R, van Arkel J, van Aelst A, Jeromel L, Vavpetič P, Pelicon P, Aarts MGM. Gomphrena claussenii, a novel metal-hypertolerant bioindicator species, sequesters cadmium, but not zinc, in vacuolar oxalate crystals. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2015; 208:763-75. [PMID: 26083742 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Gomphrena claussenii is a recently described zinc (Zn)- and cadmium (Cd)-hypertolerant Amaranthaceae species displaying a metal bioindicator Zn/Cd accumulation response. We investigated the Zn and Cd distribution in stem and leaf tissues of G. claussenii at the cellular level, and determined metabolite profiles to investigate metabolite involvement in Zn and Cd sequestration. Gomphrena claussenii plants exposed to high Zn and Cd supply were analysed by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and micro-proton-induced X-ray emission (micro-PIXE). In addition, gas chromatography-time of flight-mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) was used to determine metabolite profiles on high Zn and Cd exposure. Stem and leaf tissues of G. claussenii plants exposed to control and high Cd conditions showed the abundant presence of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals, but on high Zn exposure, their abundance was strongly reduced. Ca and Cd co-localized to the CaOx crystals in Cd-exposed plants. Citrate, malate and oxalate levels were all higher in shoot tissues of metal-exposed plants, with oxalate levels induced 2.6-fold on Zn exposure and 6.4-fold on Cd exposure. Sequestration of Cd in vacuolar CaOx crystals of G. claussenii is found to be a novel mechanism to deal with Cd accumulation and tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina T Villafort Carvalho
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paula Pongrac
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Roland Mumm
- Plant Research International, Business Unit Bioscience, Wageningen UR, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen van Arkel
- Plant Research International, Business Unit Bioscience, Wageningen UR, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Adriaan van Aelst
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen Electron Microscopy Centre, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Luka Jeromel
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Vavpetič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Pelicon
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mark G M Aarts
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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27
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Qian Y, Feng H, Gallagher FJ, Zhu Q, Wu M, Liu CJ, Jones KW, Tappero RV. Synchrotron study of metal localization in Typha latifolia L. root sections. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2015; 22:1459-1468. [PMID: 26524311 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577515017269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding mechanisms that control plant root metal assimilation in soil is critical to the sustainable management of metal-contaminated land. With the assistance of the synchrotron X-ray fluorescence technique, this study investigated possible mechanisms that control the localization of Fe, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn in the root tissues of Typha latifolia L. collected from a contaminated wetland. Metal localizations especially in the case of Fe and Pb in the dermal tissue and the vascular bundles were different. Cluster analysis was performed to divide the dermal tissue into iron-plaque-enriched dermal tissue and regular dermal tissue based on the spatial distribution of Pb and Fe. Factor analysis showed that Cu and Zn were closely correlated to each other in the dermal tissues. The association of Cu, Zn and Mn with Fe was strong in both regular dermal tissue and iron-plaque-enriched dermal tissue, while significant (p < 0.05) correlation of Fe with Pb was only observed in tissues enriched with iron plaque. In the vascular bundles, Zn, Mn and Cu showed strong association, suggesting that the localization of these three elements was controlled by a similar mechanism. Iron plaque in the peripheral dermal tissues acted as a barrier for Pb and a buffer for Zn, Cu and Mn. The Casparian strip regulated the transportation of metals from dermal tissues to the vascular bundles. The results suggested that the mechanisms controlling metal localization in root tissues varied with both tissue types and metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qian
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Huan Feng
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Frank J Gallagher
- Environmental Planning and Design Program, Department of Landscape Architecture, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Qingzhi Zhu
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Meiyin Wu
- Department of Biology and Molecular Biology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Chang Jun Liu
- Biosciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Keith W Jones
- Photon Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Ryan V Tappero
- Photon Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
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28
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Phillips DP, Human LRD, Adams JB. Wetland plants as indicators of heavy metal contamination. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 92:227-232. [PMID: 25599629 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study metal accumulating abilities of three emergent macrophytes (Phragmites australis, Typha capensis and Spartina maritima) were investigated in the urbanised Swartkops Estuary. Plants and sediment samples were collected at seven sites along the banks of the main channel and in adjacent canals. Sediments and plant organs were analysed, by means of atomic absorption spectrometry, for four elements (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn). Metal concentrations in the sediments of adjacent canals were found to be substantially higher than those at sites along the banks of the estuary. These differences were reflected in the plant organs for Pb and Zn, but not for Cu and Cd. All three species exhibited significantly higher concentrations of metals in their roots. These species are therefore suitable for use as indicators of the presence and level of heavy metal contaminants in estuaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Phillips
- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Summerstrand South Campus, Department of Botany, South Africa
| | - L R D Human
- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Summerstrand South Campus, Department of Botany, South Africa.
| | - J B Adams
- Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Summerstrand South Campus, Department of Botany, South Africa
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29
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Klančnik K, Vogel-Mikuš K, Kelemen M, Vavpetič P, Pelicon P, Kump P, Jezeršek D, Gianoncelli A, Gaberščik A. Leaf optical properties are affected by the location and type of deposited biominerals. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 140:276-85. [PMID: 25194526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to relate the properties of incrusted plant tissues and structures as well as biomineral concentrations and localization with leaf reflectance and transmittance spectra from 280nm to 880nm in the grasses Phragmites australis, Phalaris arundinacea, Molinia caerulea and Deschampsia cespitosa, and the sedge Carex elata. Redundancy analysis revealed that prickle-hair length on adaxial surface and thickness of lower epidermis exerted significant effects in P. australis; prickle-hair density at abaxial leaf surface and thickness of epidermis on adaxial leaf surface in P. arundinacea; thickness of epidermis on adaxial leaf in D. cespitosa; prickle-hair density on adaxial leaf surface and thickness of cuticle in M. caerulea; and prickle-hair density on adaxial leaf surface and cuticle thickness of the lower side in C. elata. Micro-PIXE and LEXRF elemental localization analysis show that all of these structures and tissues are encrusted by Si and/or by Ca. Reflectance spectra were significantly affected by the Ca concentrations, while Si and Mg concentrations and the Ca concentrations significantly affected transmittance spectra. High concentrations of Mg were detected in epidermal vacuoles of P. arundinacea, M. caerulea and D. cespitosa. Al co-localises with Si in the cuticle, epidermis and/or prickle hairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Klančnik
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Katarina Vogel-Mikuš
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mitja Kelemen
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Vavpetič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Pelicon
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Peter Kump
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - David Jezeršek
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, S.S. 14 km 163.5, Area Science Park, 34012 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gianoncelli
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, S.S. 14 km 163.5, Area Science Park, 34012 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alenka Gaberščik
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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30
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Howitt JA, Mondon J, Mitchell BD, Kidd T, Eshelman B. Urban stormwater inputs to an adapted coastal wetland: role in water treatment and impacts on wetland biota. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 485-486:534-544. [PMID: 24747245 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The Lake Pertobe wetland system is a semi-natural wetland that has been modified primarily for recreational use. However, this lake system receives stormwater from much of the central business district of Warrnambool City (Victoria, Australia) and serves as a buffer zone between the stormwater system and the Merri River and Merri Marine Sanctuary. This work considers the impact of stormwater inputs on Lake Pertobe and the effectiveness of the lake in protecting the associated marine sanctuary. Sediment contaminants (including heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)) and water quality parameters within the lake, groundwater and stormwater system were measured. Water quality parameters were highly variable between stormwater drains and rain events. Suspended solids rapidly settled along open drains and shortly after entering the lake. Groundwater inputs increased both salinity and dissolved nitrogen in some stormwater drains. Some evidence of bioaccumulation of metals in the food chain was identified and sediment concentrations of several PAHs were very high. The lake acted as a sink for PAHs and some metals and reductions in Escherichia coli, biological oxygen demand and total phosphorus were observed, affording some protection to the associated marine sanctuary. Nutrient retention was inadequate overall and it was identified that managing the lake primarily as a recreational facility impacted on the effectiveness of stormwater treatment in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Howitt
- Center for Integrated Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, PO Box 423, Warrnambool, VIC 3280, Australia; Institute for Land Water and Society, and School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia.
| | - Julie Mondon
- Center for Integrated Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, PO Box 423, Warrnambool, VIC 3280, Australia
| | - Bradley D Mitchell
- Center for Integrated Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, PO Box 423, Warrnambool, VIC 3280, Australia
| | - Toby Kidd
- Center for Integrated Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, PO Box 423, Warrnambool, VIC 3280, Australia
| | - Bruce Eshelman
- Center for Integrated Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, PO Box 423, Warrnambool, VIC 3280, Australia
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31
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Guo M, Xu X, Yan X, Wang S, Gao S, Zhu S. In vivo biodistribution and synergistic toxicity of silica nanoparticles and cadmium chloride in mice. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 260:780-788. [PMID: 23856307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are now in daily use due to their low intrinsic toxicity. Cadmium is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. In spite of real risk of humans' co-exposure to SiNPs and cadmium, their synergistic toxicity is still unclear. Here, we report the synergistic effects of SiNPs and CdCl₂ on their biodistribution and subacute toxicity in mice. The biodistributions, histopathological changes, serum biochemical parameters and oxidative stress responses were determined after intraperitoneal injection of SiNPs and/or CdCl₂ to mice. SiNPs and CdCl₂ have a positive synergistic toxicity in mice. Although SiNPs were low toxic to mice, co-exposure of SiNPs and CdCl₂ significantly enhanced CdCl₂-induced oxidative damage in the liver as indicated by the severe liver dysfunction and histopathological abnormalities. Co-exposure to SiNPs and CdCl₂ markedly increased the cadmium accumulation in the liver, which induced significant hepatic oxidative stress. In vitro binding assays indicated that serum albumin and Cd(2+) mutually enhanced the binding of each other to SiNPs via the interaction of serum albumin and Cd(2+). The uptake of serum albumin- and Cd(2+)-bound SiNPs by the macrophages significantly increased cadmium accumulation in mice. These results demonstrate that serum albumins play an important role in the positive synergistic toxicity of SiNPs and CdCl₂.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchun Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
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