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Dorleon G, Rigaud S, Techer I. Management of dredged marine sediments in Southern France: main keys to large-scale beneficial re-use. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33129-9. [PMID: 38616226 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Fifty million cubic meters of marine sediments are dredged each year in France in order to maintain harbor activities and sustain the economy of littoral territories. Because of anthropogenic activities in and around harbors, sediments can contain significant amounts of chemical and organic pollutants whose behavior during dredging must be addressed in order to avoid releasing risks for humans and the environment. French regulations come to govern the management of dredged sediments, considering them "safe" and possible to be dumped at sea or "contaminated" and needed to be treated on land as waste. In recent years, new constraints have been pushed toward the management of land. This management is, however, challenging as few channels are proposed to reuse marine sediments, and elimination appears to be economically and environmentally unsustainable. This study provides an overview of the technical and regulatory aspects related to dredged marine sediment management in France and aims to identify and discuss the limits of their valorization. Dredged sediments are mainly composed of particles with heterogeneous grain size, some being known for many applications such as building materials and growing media. However, several reasons have been put forward to explain why these particles are not reused when extracted from dredged sediments. Several technical, socio-economic, and regulatory obstacles explain the low demand for dredged sediments. This demand can be stimulated by government incentives and a good regulatory framework. National regulations could help streamline their reuse by removing their "waste" status and creating a regulated market for dredged sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garry Dorleon
- UPR 7352 CHROME, Laboratoire Géosciences de L'Environnement, Site Hoche - Université de Nîmes, 1 Place du Président Doumergue, 30000, Nîmes, France.
| | - Sylvain Rigaud
- UPR 7352 CHROME, Laboratoire Géosciences de L'Environnement, Site Hoche - Université de Nîmes, 1 Place du Président Doumergue, 30000, Nîmes, France
| | - Isabelle Techer
- UPR 7352 CHROME, Laboratoire Géosciences de L'Environnement, Site Hoche - Université de Nîmes, 1 Place du Président Doumergue, 30000, Nîmes, France
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Dong Y, Xu F, Liang X, Huang J, Yan J, Wang H, Hou Y. Beneficial use of dredged sediments as a resource for mine reclamation: A case study of Lake Dianchi's management in China. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 167:81-91. [PMID: 37245399 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Dredging is one of the most effective methods for inhibiting the endogenous contamination of natural lakes. However, both the amount and the scope of dredging will be restricted if the disposal of the dredged sediment incurs considerable environmental and economic costs. The use of dredged sediments as a post-mining soil amendment for mine reclamation benefits both sustainable dredging and ecological restoration. This study incorporates a field planting experiment with a life cycle assessment to confirm the practical effectiveness of sediment disposal via mine reclamation, as well as its environmental and economic superiority over other alternative scenarios. The results show that the sediment offered plentiful organic matter and nitrogen for mine substrate, stimulating plant growth and increasing photosynthetic carbon fixation density, followed by enhanced plant root absorption and an improved soil immobilization effect on heavy metals. A 2:1 ratio of mine substrate to sediment is recommended to significantly promote the yield of ryegrass while reducing levels of groundwater pollution and soil contaminant accumulation. Due to the significant reduction in electricity and fuel, mine reclamation had minimal environmental impacts on global warming (2.63 × 10-2 kg CO2 eq./kg DS), fossil depletion (6.81 × 10-3 kg oil eq./DS), human toxicity (2.29 × 10-5 kg 1,4-DB eq/kg DS), photochemical oxidant formation (7.62 × 10-5 kg NOx eq./kg DS), and terrestrial acidification (6.69 × 10-5 kg SO2 eq./kg DS). Mine reclamation also had a lower cost (CNY 0.260/ kg DS) than cement production (CNY 0.965/kg DS) and unfired brick production (CNY 0.268/kg DS). The use of freshwater for irrigation and electricity for dehydration were the key factors in mine reclamation. Through this comprehensive evaluation, the disposal of dredged sediment for mine reclamation was verified to be both environmentally and economically feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuecen Dong
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fangming Xu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ximing Liang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Junlong Huang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Junchen Yan
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yunjian Hou
- Water Ecology Management Center of Dianchi, Kunming 650100, China
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Feng X, Zhang L. Combined addition of biochar, lactic acid, and pond sediment improves green waste composting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 852:158326. [PMID: 36037887 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Composting, as an eco-friendly method to recycle green waste (GW), converts the GW into humus-like compounds. However, conventional GW composting is inefficient and generates poor-quality compost. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of the combined additions of biochar (BC; 0, 5, and 10 %), lactic acid (LA; 0, 0.5, and 1.0 %), and pond sediment (PS; 0, 20, and 30 %) on GW composting. A treatment without additives served as the control (treatment T1). The results showed that treatment R1 (with 5 % BC, 0.5 % LA, and 20 % PS) was better than the treatments with two additives or no additive and required only 32 days to generate a stable and mature product. Compared with T1, R1 improved water-holding capacity, electrical conductivity, available phosphorus, available potassium, nitrate nitrogen, OM decomposition, and germination index by 51 %, 48 %, 170 %, 93 %, 119 %, 157 %, and 119 %, respectively. R1 also increased the activities of cellulase, lignin peroxidase, and laccase. The results showed that the combined addition of BC, LA, and PS increased the gas exchange, water retention, and the microbial secretion of enzymes, thus accelerating the decomposition of GW. This study demonstrated the effects of BC, LA, and PS addition on GW composting and final compost properties, and analyzed the reasons of the effects. The study therefore increases the understanding of the sustainable disposal of an important solid waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Feng
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Ferrans L, Schmieder F, Mugwira R, Marques M, Hogland W. Dredged sediments as a plant-growing substrate: Estimation of health risk index. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 846:157463. [PMID: 35868397 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dredging of sediments is conducted worldwide to maintain harbours and water bodies. As a result, large amounts of materials generated require proper management and could have useful applications in a circular economy context. The current use of peat as organic material in cultivating plants requires urgent replacement by more sustainable alternatives. In this context, using nutrient-rich sediments generated by dredging could be an attractive option. However, due to contaminants in dredged sediments, more investigations are required. The present study investigated the potential to employ dredged material as a plant-growing substrate to cultivate lettuce (Lactuca sativa). The study employed compost and dredged sediments from Malmfjärden Bay, Sweden, with low and high nutritional content (LN and HN, respectively), with and without polymer (PO) used for dewatering. The tests were carried out under controlled conditions in a greenhouse, and the studied substrates were (% vol): (1) 100 % sediment (100SHN); (2) 50 % sediment +50 % compost (50SLN-50C); (3) 70 % sediment +30 % compost (70SLN-30C); (4) 50 % polymer sediment +50 % compost (50SPO-50C); and (5) 100 % compost (100C). Fertilisers were added to 50SLN-50C and 70SLN-30C during the experiment. Lettuces with the highest weight were harvested from substrates 100C, 50SPO-50C and 50SLN-50C. However, the lettuces only reached a weight of 18.57 ± 4.67 g. The results showed that a main limitation of the growth was probably a lack of aeration of the sediments during sampling and development of the experiment. The low aeration possibly caused a lack of available forms of N in the substrates, hindering the growth. Lettuces harvested from substrates containing sediments presented Cd concentrations slightly overpassing the Swedish thresholds, and the health risk index was marginally exceeding 1. Hence, sediments need to be pre-treated before using them to cultivate edible crops, or they could be employed to cultivate ornamental or bioenergy plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ferrans
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Norrakajplan 6, 39231 Kalmar, Sweden.
| | - Frank Schmieder
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Norrakajplan 6, 39231 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Rumbidzai Mugwira
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Norrakajplan 6, 39231 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Marcia Marques
- Department of Sanitary & Environmental Engineering, Rio de Janeiro State University-UERJ, São Francisco Xavier Street, 524, CEP 20550-900 Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | - William Hogland
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Norrakajplan 6, 39231 Kalmar, Sweden
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Song B, Almatrafi E, Sang F, Wang W, Zhang C, Shen M, Zhou C, Tang X, Zeng G, Gong J. Managing Fenton-treated sediment with biochar and sheep manure compost: Effects on the evolutionary characteristics of bacterial community. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 316:115218. [PMID: 35580508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fenton oxidation is a widely used method for the fast and efficient treatment of contaminated sediment, but few studies have investigated the management of Fenton-treated sediment for resource utilization. In this study, the evolutionary characteristics of bacterial community composition in Fenton-treated riverine sediment were investigated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing after the incorporation of rice straw biochar and sheep manure compost. The Fenton treatment caused a decline in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes from 39% to 8% on the 7th day, and using biochar and compost rapidly increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes from 13% to 61% and 57%, respectively. Applying 1.25 wt% biochar after the Fenton treatment contributed to high Shannon diversity indices of 4.80, 4.69, and 4.76 on the 7th, 28th, and 56th day, respectively. The reduced differences of Shannon indexes on the 56th day indicated that the bacterial diversity among different treatments tended to be similar over time. The genera Flavisolibacter and Bacillus were representatively detected on the 7th day in the untreated sediment and Fenton/biochar-treated sediment, respectively. The number of feature bacteria decreased significantly from 88 on the 7th day to 29 on the 56th day. The community functions for the carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles were sensitive to the Fenton-treatment and the subsequent treatment with biochar and compost. This study may provide a useful reference for follow-up work on the remediation of contaminated sediment using advanced oxidation processes, and promote the development of resource utilization of amended sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Eydhah Almatrafi
- Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fan Sang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Maocai Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chengyun Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiang Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Jilai Gong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
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Li Y, Xiong X, Zhang C, Liu A. Sustainable restoration of anoxic freshwater using environmentally-compatible oxygen-carrying biochar: Performance and mechanisms. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 214:118204. [PMID: 35219183 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The long-term decline in dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in freshwater systems including rivers and lakes has become a worldwide concern, which can threaten biodiversity, nutrient biogeochemistry, water quality and ultimately human health. Herein, we report a sustainable restoration strategy for anoxic freshwater using local sediment-based biochar as novel oxygen nanobubble carriers. Column incubation experiments were conducted with water and sediment samples from an urban tributary of the Yangtze River. The oxygen-carrying sediment-based biochar (O-SBC) showed long-lasting re-oxygenation performance for anoxic river waters during 28-day period, in which DO was rapidly elevated from ∼0.14 to ∼7.87 mg/L and gradually maintained at ∼4.78 mg/L until the end. O-SBC with multiple functions switched the sediments from a source to a sink of nutrients, and its release of oxygen nanobubbles contributed further decrements of 66.3% NH4+-N and 142.9% PO43--P except for physical blocking and physicochemical adsorption. Notably, a comprehensive focus on restoration mechanism was explored in view of microbial community response. The re-oxygenation was followed by a ∼5.05% increase of bacterial diversity (Shannon index) in water, but a ∼2.40% decrease in sediments. A proliferation of some specific aerobic populations was observed, of which the nitrifying Nitrospira abundances were ∼10-fold higher in the water from O-SBC than the control. Additionally, functional genes involved in nitrous oxide reduction, polyphosphate synthesis/degradation, and thiosulfate oxidation were also enriched. Taken together, our findings can not only expand the promising candidates for oxygen nanobubble carriers based on sediment recycling, but also highlight the microbial molecular mechanisms for anoxic freshwater restoration based on nutrient cycle regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Xinyan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Chi Zhang
- College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Xikang Road #1, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - An Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Xueyuan Avenue #1066, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
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Defining potential valuables through the characterisation of lake sediments: case study in Arkelstorp bay, Sweden. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-022-04988-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThis study aims to characterise and discuss the potential use of sediment from the Arkelstorp bay located in the south of Sweden. Sediments from the Arkelstorp bay is collected and analysed on nutrient content, age, and potential contaminants. No organic environmental pollutants are found and the metal content are not elevated but still problematically high. For example, the amount of cadmium per phosphorus is 480 mg Cd kg−1 P. However, as the carbon 14-datings showed, the sediment is preindustrial. Therefore, the amount of registered cadmium comes naturally from the surrounding environment. Arkelstorp sediments present the potential to become a source of nutrition in agriculture. The results show that the material is a good source of nutrients, with a nitrogen content of 18 g kg−1 dry matter (DM), phosphorus 0.8 g kg−1 DM and potassium 2.4 g kg−1 DM respectively. However, the metal content is problematic to use the material without any pre-treatment. On the other hand, bioenergy production is expected to increase in the future, where this resource could potentially be helpful for the cultivation of bioenergy crops.
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Abstract
Though suggested by international conventions for a long time, there are still several technical and legislative limitations to a complete reuse and recycling of dredged sediments. In particular, reuse of unpolluted sediments can be practiced, whereas sediment recycling is still affected by several downsides, and a significant proportion of the recycled fine sediments has no practical use and must be landfilled. However, the silty clayey fraction of the recycled sediments is rich in organic matter and macro- and micronutrients useful for plant growth. Nevertheless, sediment recycling in agriculture is not possible, even in non-food agricultural sectors, due to the lack of a permissive legislation and of consolidated supply chains. In addition to plant nutrients, the silty-clay sediment fraction may also accumulate organic and inorganic pollutants, and while the organic pollutants can be effectively biodegraded, metals and metalloids may concentrate at concentrations higher than the limits set by the environmental and agricultural legislations. In this paper, I briefly summarize the scientific evidence on the potential reuse and recycling of sediments in agriculture, and I discuss the main reasons for hindrance of sediment recycling in agriculture. I also present evidence from a real industrial biodegradation process that produces bioremediated fine sediment fractions with suitable properties as a mineral ingredient for plant-growing media. I propose that nutrient-rich recycled sediments could be reconsidered as a component material category in the new EU regulation on fertilizers.
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Zhang Z, Hu M, Bian B, Yang Z, Yang W, Zhang L. Full-scale thermophilic aerobic co-composting of blue-green algae sludge with livestock faeces and straw. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 753:142079. [PMID: 32911176 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A high incidence of harmful algal bloom in eutrophic surface waters causes many environmental problems. Thermophilic aerobic composting enables effective treatment and disposal of algal sludge that remains after the dewatering of algae slurries, and provides a value-added organic fertiliser. Previous studies have either only dealt with the composting of a single waste component or were conducted at a lab-/pilot-scale; however, this work is a comprehensive assessment of full-scale mechanized thermophilic aerobic co-composting of algal sludge and other typical biomass-based wastes, including chicken faeces and rice straw, in a water-rich rural area in the Tai lake basin, China. With the optimised feedstock material mass ratio (6.0:1.8:1.0 for straw:algae:faeces; initial C/N ratio of 20; and initial moisture of 60 wt%), the co-composting process effectively achieved the reduction, harmlessness, and reuse of waste. The moisture content (28.36 wt% of wet weight), organic matter content (57.91 wt% of dried weight), total nutrient content (6.59 wt% for TN + TP + TK of dried weight), and heavy metal contents as well as the pH of the final product fully met the Chinese National Agricultural Organic Fertiliser Standard requirements. The reduction rates of microcystin and toxic volatile fatty acid contents were higher than 99.5%, and the seed germination index of the product was 114.5%. A notable economic benefit with a gross profit margin of 167-434% of the process was highlighted. Investigation of the associated mechanisms, including statistical analysis, spectral characterisation, micro-morphological observation, and microbial community analysis, revealed that a decreased particle sizes with a looser structure and an efficient humification effect, resulting from the work of several identified dominant microbial species, contributed to the high product quality. The current study provided a demonstration of the promising full-scale co-composting technology for comprehensive management of the environment in water-rich rural areas and the construction of a sustainable watershed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zepeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Environment, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Min Hu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Environment, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Bo Bian
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Environment, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Environment, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, PR China.
| | - Weiben Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Environment, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, PR China.
| | - Limin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Environment, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, PR China
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Kiani M, Raave H, Simojoki A, Tammeorg O, Tammeorg P. Recycling lake sediment to agriculture: Effects on plant growth, nutrient availability, and leaching. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 753:141984. [PMID: 32906047 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sediment removal from eutrophicated shallow lakes may not only be an effective method for lake restoration but also provides the potential for recycling nutrients from sediments to crop production. However, finding a suitable strategy for sustainably reusing the sediment remains a challenge. Therefore, current study focused on the best practices in applying the sediment from a shallow eutrophicated lake to the soil in terms of grass yield, nutrient uptake, and nutrient leaching. During a nine-month lysimeter experiment, 100-cm high columns were filled with six combinations of soil, sediment, and biochar, with or without meat bone meal organic fertilizer. Aboveground biomass, root mass distribution in soil, nutrient concentration, phosphorus (P) uptake of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) along with easily soluble nutrients in the growing medium, and leached mineral nitrogen (N) and P levels were measured. Plant growth conditions were improved by sediment additions, as the yield and P uptake of ryegrass nearly doubled in treatments containing sediment compared to the control soil. While the sediment was richer in macro and micronutrients (e.g. P and N) compared to the soil, the leached N and P levels from both treatments were almost equivalent (N < 830 mg m-2 and P < 3 mg m-2). In addition, applying a 2-cm layer of biochar between the sediment and soil reduced P and N leaching by 50%. According to the results, applying a 75-cm thick layer of sediments on agricultural sandy loam soils surrounding the lake seems a promising practice for improving plant yield and soil nutrient status without increasing of P and N leaching from soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Kiani
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Henn Raave
- Estonian University of Life Sciences, Chair of Soil Science, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Asko Simojoki
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Olga Tammeorg
- Estonian University of Life Sciences, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tartu, Estonia; Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Priit Tammeorg
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Urbaniak M, Baran A, Lee S, Kannan K. Utilization of PCB-contaminated Hudson River sediment by thermal processing and phytoremediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 738:139841. [PMID: 32526423 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The need to dispose of dredged sediments and development of appropriate technology for their safe utilization has become a growing problem in recent years. It has been proposed that dredged, fresh sediments can be utilized in agriculture or environment; however there is also growing interest in the use of thermally-treated sediments. Hence, the aim of this study was threefold: 1) to evaluate the effect of two incineration temperatures (300 °C and 600 °C) on the chemical and ecotoxicological properties of sediment; 2) select the appropriate treatment for further phytoremediation experiments with zucchini; and 3) assess the impact of sediment admixture on the physico-chemical parameters of soil, based on the responses of Aliivibrio fischeri and growth of zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L. cv 'Black Beauty'). A range of chemical (inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometry for macro- and trace elements; gas chromatography for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)), ecotoxicological (Microtox assay), and plant morphology (biomass measurement) as well as physiological analyses (spectrophotometry for chlorophyll) were applied. River sediments incinerated at 600 °C resulted in better chemical and ecotoxicological properties than incinerated at 300 °C or no incinerated. Incineration at 600 °C removed PCBs from sediment. In culture experiments conducted with zucchini, sediment treated at 300 °C demonstrated a 51-81% reduction in PCB concentrations compared to untreated sediment. After four weeks of growth, the raw sediment showed a significant increase in K, Fe, Cr, Pb, Zn concentrations, whereas the thermally-processed sediment showed a decrease in Ca, Na, P, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn concentrations. Both the fresh and thermally-treated sediment types influenced plant growth positively: they demonstrated higher biomass production than plants grown in control soil; however, plants grown on soil with thermally-processed sediment demonstrated lower biomass than those grown in raw sediment. Chlorophyll content was affected negatively by admixtures of soil with treated or untreated sediment, while a lower chlorophyll a/b ratio was observed in plants grown on an admixture of thermally-treated sediment with soil. Our findings suggest that the use of sediments as a growth medium component may be a promising way for their utilization and transformation from waste material to a valuable resource enhancing the benefits to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Urbaniak
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201-0509, USA; UNESCO Chair of Ecohydrology and Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Baran
- University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
| | - Sunmi Lee
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201-0509, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201-0509, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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12
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Zhang W, Tan X, Gu Y, Liu S, Liu Y, Hu X, Li J, Zhou Y, Liu S, He Y. Rice waste biochars produced at different pyrolysis temperatures for arsenic and cadmium abatement and detoxification in sediment. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 250:126268. [PMID: 32234619 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of rice waste biochars on heavy metal and metalloid abatement and detoxification was investigated using comprehensive studies based on As and Cd immobilization, bioaccumulation in tubifex, and microbial community changes in contaminated sediment. The remediation effects of biochars produced at different pyrolytic temperatures (400-700 °C) were evaluated. Bioaccumulation of heavy metal and metalloid in the tubifex tissue and change of indigenous microbial community under treatment of different biochars were assessed. Biochars produced at 700 °C exhibited greater effect on decreasing the concentrations of As and Cd in aqueous phase, and TCLP extractable and bioavailable metal(loid) in solid phase of sediment. The concentration of As and Cd in water phase decreased by 26%-89% and 22%-71% under the treatment of straw biochar, and decreased by 13%-92% and 5%-64% under the treatment of rice husk biochar, respectively. As and Cd contents in the tubifex tissue were positively correlated with their concentrations in aqueous phase. High-temperature biochars significantly reduced metal(loid) bioaccumulation in tubifex. The richness and biodiversity of microbial community were both greater in all biochars remediated sediment compared to non-treated sediment. These results indicated that rice waste biochars could effectively inhibit the bio-availability and toxicity of heavy metal and metalloid in sediment, and the higher-temperature biochar exhibited better performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Tan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Yanling Gu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114, PR China
| | - Shaobo Liu
- College of Architecture and Art, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China.
| | - Yunguo Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Xinjiang Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, PR China
| | - Jiang Li
- College of Architecture and Art, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Yahui Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Sijia Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yuan He
- Center of Changsha Public Engineering Construction, Changsha, 410013, China
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13
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Xiang Y, Rene ER, Lun X, Ma W. Enhanced reductive defluorination and inhibited infiltration of fluoroglucocorticoids in a river receiving reclaimed water amended by nano zero-valent iron-modified biochar: Performance and mechanisms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 306:123127. [PMID: 32172094 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a nano zero-valent iron-modified biochar-amended composite riverbed (nZVI@BC-R) on inhibited infiltration and enhanced biodegradation of fluoroglucocorticoids (FGCs) in a river receiving reclaimed water. The results demonstrated that the removal efficiency of triamcinolone acetonide (TA), a representative FGC, increased from 38.40% and 77.91% to 91.60% in the nZVI@BC-R compared with that of a natural soil riverbed (S-R) and biochar-amended soil riverbed (BC-R). The main removal mechanismwas attributedto adsorption and biodegradation, of which the contribution rates were 32.2% and 59.4% in nZVI@BC-R, 18.9% and 19.5% in S-R, and 24.4% and 53.5% in BC-R, respectively. The removal process could be described by a two-compartment, first-order dynamic model with decay rate constants for adsorption and biodegradation of 4.02700, 22.44400, and 29.07300 d-1 and 0.00286, 0.01562, and 0.03484 d-1 in the S-R, BC-R and nZVI@BC-R, respectively. The mechanism of defluorination accounted for 42.2% of biodegradation in the nZVI@BC-R, which was accompanied by side-chain rupture, oxidation, and ringopening. Functional microbes with iron oxidizing ability and reductive dehalogenating genera, namely Pseudoxanthomonas, Pedobacter, and Bosea, contributed to the high removal rate of TA, particularly in the nZVI@BC-R. Overall, the nZVI@BC-R provided an effective method to inhibit glucocorticoids infiltration into groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Xiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Eldon R Rene
- IHE-Delft, Institute for Water Education, Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaoxiu Lun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Weifang Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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14
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Urbaniak M, Baran A, Lee S, Kannan K. Effects of amendments of PCB-containing Hudson River sediment on soil quality and biochemical and growth response of cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L. cv 'Wisconsin SMR 58'). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 22:1224-1232. [PMID: 32406763 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1754760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 200 million m3 of sediments are dredged every year in the United States. Of this amount, 2.3-9 million m3 are contaminated to the extent that they require special, and often costly, handling. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop appropriate technology for the safe utilization of these sediments, especially in the case of the Hudson River, which is well known to demonstrate significant polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) contamination. Hence, the aim of the present study was to examine the influence of different doses of Hudson River sediments (10%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% admixtures) on soil quality and on the biochemical and growth response of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv 'Wisconsin SMR 58'), used as potential phytoremediation tool for sediment-borne PCBs. A sediment/soil admixture was found to significantly decrease the nitrogen (N) content in the substratum; in addition, phosphorus (P) content was significantly increased by 50-100% sediment, while potassium (K) content was significantly increased by 10% sediment, and significantly decreased by >50% sediment. Although sediment treatment resulted in a gradual increase in PCB content in the soil-sediment substratum, exceeding the threshold effect concentration (TEC) for the ≥50% sediment admixture, the Microtox assay did not suggest toxicity to microorganisms. The results demonstrated also that admixture of 10-25% Hudson River sediment increased cucumber growth; however, higher doses led to growth inhibition, manifested as lower biomass and smaller leaves. Also, chlorophyll a and b content decreased with increasing doses of sediment. Phenylpropanoid and flavonol contents were significantly higher in plants grown in soil amended with 10% of sediment, but significantly lower in soil treated with a 100% sediment admixture. The anthocyanin content in plants was lower at admixtures of 50% and higher. The obtained results corresponded with the decreasing content of N and K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Urbaniak
- New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY, USA
- UNESCO Chair of Ecohydrology and Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Baran
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sunmi Lee
- New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY, USA
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15
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Wang X, Qin Y, Yang W, Yuan S. Fuzzy programming method for multi-objective optimal allocation of sediment resources and the cooperative bargaining: a case study in Weishan irrigation area, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:7071-7086. [PMID: 31883081 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07420-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The optimal allocation of sediment resources needs to balance three objectives including ecological, economic, and social benefits so as to realize sustainable development of sediment resources. This study aims to apply fuzzy programming and bargaining approaches to solve the problem of optimal allocation of sediment resources. Firstly, Pareto-optimal solutions of multi-objective optimization were introduced, and the multi-objective optimal allocation model of sediment resources and fuzzy programming model was constructed. Then, from the perspective of multiplayer cooperation, the optimal allocation model of sediment resources was transformed into a game model by using Nash bargaining, and Nash bargaining solution was obtained as the optimal equilibrium strategy. Finally, the influence of different disagreement utility points and bargaining weights on the results was discussed, and the results of Nash bargaining and fuzzy programming methods were compared and analyzed. Results corroborate that Nash bargaining can achieve the cooperative optimization of multiple objectives with competitive relationship and obtain satisfactory scheme. Disagreement utility points and bargaining weights have a certain impact on the optimization results. The solution of fuzzy programming is close to that of Nash bargaining, which provides different ideas for multi-objective optimization problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjia Wang
- School of Economics and Management, Wuhan University, Bayi Road No.299, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ying Qin
- School of Economics and Management, Wuhan University, Bayi Road No.299, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Wenjun Yang
- Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute of Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Suiqiu Yuan
- School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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16
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Schofield HK, Pettitt TR, Tappin AD, Rollinson GK, Fitzsimons MF. Biochar incorporation increased nitrogen and carbon retention in a waste-derived soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 690:1228-1236. [PMID: 31470485 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of manufactured soils converts waste materials to value-added products, alleviating pressures on both waste disposal infrastructure and topsoils. For manufactured soils to be effective media for plant growth, they must retain and store plant-available nutrients, including nitrogen. In this study, biochar applications were tested for their ability to retain nitrogen in a soil manufactured from waste materials. A biochar, produced from horticultural green waste, was added to a manufactured soil at 2, 5 and 10 % (by weight), then maintained at 15 °C and irrigated with water (0.84 mL m-2 d-1) over 6 weeks. Total dissolved nitrogen concentrations in soil leachate decreased by 25.2, 30.6 and 44.0 % at biochar concentrations of 2, 5 and 10 %, respectively. Biochar also changed the proportions of each nitrogen-fraction in collected samples. Three mechanisms for biochar-induced nitrogen retention were possible: i) increased cation and anion exchange capacity of the substrate; ii) retention of molecules within the biochar pore spaces; iii) immobilisation of nitrogen through microbial utilisation of labile carbon further supported by increased soil moisture content, surface area, and pH. Dissolved organic carbon concentrations in leachate were reduced (-34.7 %, -28.9 %, and -16.7 %) in the substrate with 2, 5 and 10 % biochar additions, respectively. Fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis data showed increased microbial metabolic activity with biochar application (14.7 ± 0.5, 25.4 ± 5.3, 27.0 ± 0.1, 46.1 ± 6.1 µg FL g-1 h-1 for applications at 0, 2, 5, and 10 %, respectively), linking biochar addition to enhanced microbial activity. These data highlight the potential for biochar to suppress the long-term turnover of SOM and promote carbon sequestration, and a long-term sustainable growth substrate provided by the reuse of waste materials diverted from landfill.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kate Schofield
- Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK.
| | | | - Alan D Tappin
- Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Gavyn K Rollinson
- Camborne School of Mines, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Mark F Fitzsimons
- Biogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
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17
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Güzel B, Başar HM, Güneş K, Yenisoy-Karakaş S, Tolun L. Investigation of topsoil production from marine dredged materials (DMs) in Turkey for urban landscaping works. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02138. [PMID: 31384684 PMCID: PMC6661397 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As known, marine dredged materials (DMs) are highly nuisance wastes if they are not correctly reused or removed. In this work, the usability of DMs to the technical terms as manufactured topsoil (MT) in the urban landscaping works is discussed. Firstly, the leaching potentials of DMs were determined according to the related legislations to identify their hazardousness features. Secondly, DMs were subject to some treatment stages such as sieving, desalination, organic amelioration via peat and sheep manure, and pH adjustment to turn into an alternative natural soil pursuant to the British Standard in the scope of soil quality improvement studies as there is not any national standard in Turkey for the production of topsoil from different materials. Then, MT mixtures were prepared with washed and unwashed DM, peat and sheep manure in different mixing ratios (v/v); 33%, 50% and 67% DM, respectively. Consequently, high quality grass seed mixtures used for the landscaping applications were monitored for six months. The results demonstrate the availability of DM as alternative MT in the urban landscaping areas. Thus, important data were obtained as to the use of DM at alternative areas such as green city, green roof, shopping centers, organized industry, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Güzel
- Environment and Cleaner Production Institute, TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Gebze, 41470, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - H Merve Başar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Beykent University, Sarıyer, 34398, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kemal Güneş
- Environment and Cleaner Production Institute, TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Gebze, 41470, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Serpil Yenisoy-Karakaş
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Gölköy, 14030, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Leyla Tolun
- Environment and Cleaner Production Institute, TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Gebze, 41470, Kocaeli, Turkey
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18
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Braga BB, de Carvalho TRA, Brosinsky A, Foerster S, Medeiros PHA. From waste to resource: Cost-benefit analysis of reservoir sediment reuse for soil fertilization in a semiarid catchment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 670:158-169. [PMID: 30903890 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Reservoir networks have been established worldwide to ensure water supply, but water availability is endangered quantitatively and qualitatively by sedimentation. Reuse of sediment silted in reservoirs as fertilizer has been proposed, thus transforming nutrient-enriched sediments from waste into resource. The aim of this study is to assess the potential of reusing sediment as a nutrient source for agriculture a semiarid basin in Brazil, where 1029 reservoirs were identified. Sedimentation was modelled for the entire reservoir network, accounting for 7 × 105 tons y-1 of sediment deposition. Nutrients contents in reservoir sediments was analysed and compared to nutrients contents of agricultural soils in the catchment. The potential of reusing sediment as fertilizer was assessed for maize crops (Zea mays L.) and the sediment mass required to fertilize the soil was computed considering that the crop nitrogen requirement would be fully provided by the sediment. Economic feasibility was analysed by comparing the costs of the proposed practice to those obtained if the area was fertilized by traditional means. Results showed that, where reservoirs fall dry frequently and sediments can be removed by excavation, soil fertilization with sediment presents lower costs than those observed for application of commercial chemical fertilizers. Compared to conventional fertilization, when using sediments with high nutrient content, 25% of costs could be saved, while when using sediments with low nutrient content costs are 9% higher. According to the local conditions, sediments with nitrogen content above 1.5 g kg-1 are cost efficient as nitrogen source. However, physical and chemical analyses are recommended to define the sediment mass to be used and to identify any constraint to the application of the practice, like the high sodium adsorption ratio observed in one of the studied reservoirs, which can contribute to soil salinization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brennda Bezerra Braga
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Science Center, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE 60.455-760, Brazil.
| | | | - Arlena Brosinsky
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; Remote Sensing Section, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Saskia Foerster
- Remote Sensing Section, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Pedro Henrique Augusto Medeiros
- Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Ceará, Av. Parque Central, 1315 - Distrito Industrial I, Maracanaú, CE 61939-140, Brazil
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19
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Increasing Sustainability of Growing Media Constituents and Stand-Alone Substrates in Soilless Culture Systems. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9060298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Decreasing arable land, rising urbanization, water scarcity, and climate change exert pressure on agricultural producers. Moving from soil to soilless culture systems can improve water use efficiency, especially in closed-loop systems with a recirculating water/nutrient solution that recaptures the drain water for reuse. However, the question of alternative materials to peat and rockwool, as horticultural substrates, has become increasingly important, due to the despoiling of ecologically important peat bog areas and a pervasive waste problem. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive critical review of current developments in soilless culture, growing media, and future options of using different materials other than peat and rockwool. Apart from growing media properties and their performance from the point of view of plant production, economic and environmental factors are also important. Climate change, CO2 emissions, and other ecological issues will determine and drive the development of soilless culture systems and the choice of growing media in the near future. Bioresources, e.g., treated and untreated waste, as well as renewable raw materials, have great potential to be used as growing media constituents and stand-alone substrates. A waste management strategy aimed at reducing, reusing, and recycling should be further and stronger applied in soilless culture systems. We concluded that the growing media of the future must be available, affordable, and sustainable and meet both quality and environmental requirements from growers and society, respectively.
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20
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Jalili M, Mokhtari M, Eslami H, Abbasi F, Ghanbari R, Ebrahimi AA. Toxicity evaluation and management of co-composting pistachio wastes combined with cattle manure and municipal sewage sludge. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:798-804. [PMID: 30660973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To manage the pistachio de-hulling waste (PW), investigated the co-composting process using a mixture of PW and cattle manure (CM) (5.5:10 dry weight) as well as PW and municipal dewatering sewage sludge (DSS) (1:10 dry weight) at the laboratory scale for 60 days. Compost toxicity was evaluated using the seed germination index (GI). The maximum temperatures in co-composting processes of PW+CM (51.9 °C) and PW+DSS (49.9 °C) were reported on the seventh day. The increase of temperature was higher in PW+CM and remained in the thermophilic phase for five days. In both reactors, the pH rates decreased, increased, and finally remained neutral. The C/N ratio decreased in both reactors, but the reduction rate was faster in the PW+DSS reactor. Sodium (Na%) and potassium (K%) contents were increased, while the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn were decreased during the processes. The numbers of parasite eggs in the final composts of the reactors containing PW+CM and PW+DSS were zero and 8 Number/4gDW, respectively. The amounts of Salmonella were zero in the final products of reactors containing PW+CM and PW+DSS. The results of GI showed that the final compost of PW+CM process was not toxic for the plants, whereas the PW+DDS final compost was toxic. In conclusion, the co-compost product of the PW+CM reactor had higher quality than the PW+DSS reactor. So, it is suitable for PW management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrokh Jalili
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mokhtari
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hadi Eslami
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Fariba Abbasi
- Environmental Health Engineering, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Ghanbari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Ebrahimi
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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21
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Guan M, Pan XC, Wang S, Wei XL, Zhang CB, Wang J, Liu WL, Liu SY, Chang J. Comparison of fungal communities among ten macrophyte rhizospheres. Fungal Biol 2018; 122:867-874. [PMID: 30115320 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The fungal community composition, size and several physico-chemical properties were individually investigated in ten macrophyte rhizospheric substrates using nested PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and soil chemical methods. Results indicated that both Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes were dominant fungi in macrophyte rhizospheric substrates, and denitrifying fungi (Fusarium graminearum) was found in nine of ten macrophyte rhizospheres. Fungal Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H) and richness (S) in Thalia dealbata, Typha latifolia, Iris hexagona and Hemerocallis aurantiaca rhizospheres were higher than those in other six rhizospheres. Fungal number and biomass were 1.91 × 103 CFUs g-1 dw and 1.53 μg ergosterol g-1 dw in Iris pseudacor rhizosphere, and were greater than in other nine rhizospheres. The correlation analysis showed that fungal number and biomass significantly and positively correlated to total soil phosphorus, while fungal H and S were significantly and negatively correlated to total organic carbon. The principal components analysis (PCA) showed that the fungal community significantly divided ten macrophyte rhizospheres into four groups, showing the significant difference of fungal communities among ten rhizospheric substrates. The current study revealed for the first time the importance of rhizospheric fungal community in distinguishing macrophyte rhizospheres, thus will undoubtedly widen our insight into fungal communities in aquatic rhizospheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Guan
- Institute of Constructed Wetland Technology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiao-Cui Pan
- Institute of Constructed Wetland Technology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Wei
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Chong-Bang Zhang
- Institute of Constructed Wetland Technology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China.
| | - Jiang Wang
- Institute of Constructed Wetland Technology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Wen-Li Liu
- Institute of Constructed Wetland Technology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China; School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Shu-Yuan Liu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Jie Chang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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