1
|
Huang C, Zhang X, Li X, Zhao H. β-Cyclodextrin enhanced bioavailability of petroleum hydrocarbons in industrially contaminated soil: A phytoremediation field study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39154232 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2024.2389563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Low remediation efficiency due to low bioavailability is a primary restrictive factor for phytoremediation applications. Specifically, this investigation examines whether Suaeda heteroptera Kitagawa (S. heteroptera) can be used in combination with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to remediate contaminated site. The study was conducted on the growth response of S. heteroptera, bioavailability and dissipation of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) in soil under the influence of β-CD Our preliminary studies confirmed that β-CD is effective in increasing the biomass and height of plants. The presence of β-CD could dramatically elevate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and n-alkanes in S. heteroptera. Moreover, a remarkable positive correlation between PHs levels in roots with the dosage of β-CD and a negative correlation between the PHs levels in roots with KOW of PHs have been observed. The dissipation of n-alkanes was estimated to be 38.73-62.27%, and the dissipation of PAHs was 36.59-60.10%. In addition, the dissipation behavior of n-alkanes and PAHs was well agreement with the first-order kinetic model. These results display that applying β-CD accelerated the desorption process of PHs from soil and promoted the absorption process of PHs onto the root epidermis. The enhancement of phytoremediation was achieved by increasing the bioavailability of PHs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaonuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Xintong Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Campos CF, Santos VSV, Campos Júnior EOD, da Costa Estrela D, Pires LP, Meza Bravo JV, Pereira BB. Assessment of genotoxicity of air pollution in urban areas using an integrated model of passive biomonitoring. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 355:124219. [PMID: 38797347 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Atmospheric pollution is a major public health issue and has become increasingly critical for human health. Urban atmospheric pollution is typically assessed through physicochemical indicators aligned with environmental legislation parameters, providing data on air quality levels. While the effects of pollution on sensitive organisms serve as a warning for public health decision-makers, there remains a need to explore the interpretation of environmental data on pollutants. The use of species adapted to urban environments as sentinels enables continuous and integrated monitoring of environmental pollution implications on biological systems. In this study, we investigated the use of the plant species Tradescantia pallida as a biomonitor to evaluate the genotoxic effects of atmospheric pollution under diverse vehicular traffic conditions. T. pallida was strategically planted at the leading urban intersections in Uberlândia, Brazil. During COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns, we compared indicators such as physical, biological, and traffic data at different intersections in residential and commercial zones. The reduction in vehicular traffic highlighted the sensitivity of plant species to changes in air and soil pollutants. T. pallida showed bioaccumulation of heavy metals Cd and Cr in monitored areas with higher traffic levels. Additionally, we established a multiple linear regression model to estimate genotoxicity using the micronucleus test, with chromium concentration in the soil (X1) and particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere (X2) identified as the primary independent variables. Our findings provide a comprehensive portrait of the impact of vehicular traffic changes on PM and offer valuable insights for refining parameters and models of Environmental Health Surveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernando Campos
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Biotechnology, Umuarama Campus, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Luís Paulo Pires
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Sustainability Office, Santa Mônica Campus, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João Vitor Meza Bravo
- Federal University of Uberlandia, Institute of Geography, Santa Monica Campus, Avenida João Naves de Ávila, 2121, 38.408-100, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Boscolli Barbosa Pereira
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Biotechnology, Umuarama Campus, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Federal University of Uberlandia, Institute of Geography, Santa Monica Campus, Avenida João Naves de Ávila, 2121, 38.408-100, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kostić S, Kebert M, Teslić N, Stojanović DB, Zorić M, Kovačević B, Orlović S. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) phytoaccumulation in urban areas by Platanus × acerifolia, Celtis australis, and Tilia grandifolia leaves and branches. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33280-3. [PMID: 38632198 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33280-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in the leaves and 1-year-old branches of three common tree species growing in a middle-sized city located in a moderate climate zone were estimated. For this purpose, PAH phytoaccumulation in Platanus × acerifolia, Celtis australis, and Tilia grandifolia species from highly urbanized, traffic congested, and highly PAH-contaminated streets was compared with trees from non-contaminated parks in the same urban core. The gathered data was used to define 17 PAH profiles, identify the main PAH pollution emission sources, and determine the organ and species specificity of PAHs accumulation. Due to the direct absorption of polluted air via stomata, the leaves accumulated up to 30% more PAHs compared to the 1-year-old branches. As expected, PAH concentrations were much higher in street trees, while heavy weight PAHs (with five and six rings) were accumulated in the highest concentrations. The highest foliar Σ17 PAH concentrations were detected in street-grown C. australis, followed by P. acerifolia and T. grandifolia (502.68, 488.45, and 339.47 ng g-1 dry weight (DW), respectively). The same pattern was noted for Σ17 PAHs in branches (414.89, 327.58, and 342.99 ng g-1 DW, respectively). Thus, T. grandifolia emerged as the least effective PAH sink as it accumulated up to ~ 40% less PAHs than P. acerifolia and C. australis leaves/branches. Among the 17 tracked PAHs, benzo[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, and pyrene were found to have accumulated in the highest concentrations in all analyzed species irrespective of the site, and accounted for more than 50% of the total detected PAHs. Finally, a "black box" about species and organ specificity, as well as specific drivers that limit PAHs uptake capacity by trees, was opened, while this work provides insights into further PAH phytoremediation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saša Kostić
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13d, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Marko Kebert
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13d, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nemanja Teslić
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dejan B Stojanović
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13d, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Martina Zorić
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13d, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Branislav Kovačević
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13d, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Saša Orlović
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13d, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xi N, Xia X, Li Y. Climate warming inhibits neonicotinoid photodegradation on vegetable leaves: Important role of the olefin group in leaf wax. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163399. [PMID: 37061057 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid photodegradation is seldom considered in different vegetable leaves after spraying under climate warming. This study investigated the effect of elevated cultivated temperature from 15/10 °C to 21/16 °C on the photodegradation of dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, and thiacloprid on four vegetable leaves under simulated sunlight irradiation. The photodegradation rates of neonicotinoids on spinach leaves were 1.1-1.6, 1.1-2.0, and 1.4-2.4 times higher than those on pak choi, Chinese cabbage, and radish leaves, respectively. The higher production concentrations of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and superoxide radicals in spinach leaf wax may contribute to the fastest photodegradation among four vegetables. When the cultivated temperature increased from 15/10 °C to 21/16 °C, neonicotinoid photodegradation rates decreased by 1.4-2.8 times on the four vegetables. Elevated cultivated temperature decreased the polarity of wax, which reduced the contact probability of neonicotinoids with reactive species on vegetable leaves and photodegradation rates. A positive linear correlation was found between the content of CHCH groups in wax determining •OH generation and the neonicotinoid photodegradation rates on four vegetable leaves cultivated at three temperatures (R2 = 0.67-0.94). Insights into neonicotinoid photodegradation on edible vegetables under climate warming are of great significance for better evaluating human exposure to neonicotinoids through the dietary pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China; School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun C, Shen X, Zhang Y, Song T, Xu L, Xiao J. Molecular Defensive Mechanism of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench against PAH Contaminations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11020. [PMID: 37446196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The understanding of the molecular defensive mechanism of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench against polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination plays a key role in the further improvement of phytoremediation efficiency. Here, the responses of E. purpurea to a defined mixture of phenanthrene (PHE) and pyrene (PYR) at different concentrations or a natural mixture from an oilfield site with a history of several decades were studied based on transcriptomics sequencing and widely targeted metabolomics approaches. The results showed that upon 60-day PAH exposure, the growth of E. purpurea in terms of biomass (p < 0.01) and leaf area per plant (p < 0.05) was negatively correlated with total PAH concentration and significantly reduced at high PAH level. The majority of genes were switched on and metabolites were accumulated after exposure to PHE + PYR, but a larger set of genes (3964) or metabolites (208) showed a response to a natural PAH mixture in E. purpurea. The expression of genes involved in the pathways, such as chlorophyll cycle and degradation, circadian rhythm, jasmonic acid signaling, and starch and sucrose metabolism, was remarkably regulated, enhancing the ability of E. purpurea to adapt to PAH exposure. Tightly associated with transcriptional regulation, metabolites mainly including sugars and secondary metabolites, especially those produced via the phenylpropanoid pathway, such as coumarins, flavonoids, and their derivatives, were increased to fortify the adaptation of E. purpurea to PAH contamination. These results suggest that E. purpurea has a positive defense mechanism against PAHs, which opens new avenues for the research of phytoremediation mechanism and improvement of phytoremediation efficiency via a mechanism-based strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China
| | - Xiangbo Shen
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China
| | - Yulan Zhang
- Liaoning Province Outstanding Innovation Team, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tianshu Song
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China
| | - Lingjing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China
| | - Junyao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu J, Wang Y, Wang M, Feng X, Liu R, Xue Z, Zhou Q. Improving the uptake of PAHs by the ornamental plant Sedum spectabile using nano-SiO 2 and nano-CeO 2. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:161808. [PMID: 36706996 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution is a global ecological soil problem. Screening and establishing an efficient phytoremediation system would be beneficial for alleviating this problem. The ornamental plant Sedum spectabile was selected as the remediation plant to study the removal efficiencies of PAHs after adding different concentrations of nano-SiO2, nano-CeO2, and traditional Na-montmorillonite (Na-MMT). The results demonstrated that shoot biomass was increased and photosynthesis was enhanced by the nanomaterial amendments. The uptake of 16 PAHs by S. spectabile was remarkably increased. Moreover, the two highest shoot concentrations were 7.61 (Phe) and 12.03 (Flo) times that of the control, and the two highest translocation factors were 31 (BbF) and 28 (BaP) times that of the control. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the addition of nano-SiO2 increased the abundance of Acidobacteria, and the genera related to PAH degradation was higher under nanomaterial treatments. The very high Si concentration in the shoots of S. spectabile had a significant linear correlation with the concentration of PAHs. In conclusion, the S. spectabile remediation system assisted by two nanomaterials was effective for the removal of PAHs from soil, and the transfer of PAHs to easily harvested aboveground plant parts was especially worthy of attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianv Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Mingzhu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiaoting Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zijin Xue
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Z, Liu S, Wang X, Huang S, Sun K, Xia X. Differences in structure and composition of soil humic substances and their binding for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in different climatic zones. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121121. [PMID: 36681379 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Humic substances (HSs) play important roles in the transport and bioavailability of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) in soils. The sorption of HOCs depends on the compositions and structures of HSs which may differ in different climatic zones, however, the sorption behavior of HOCs by HSs in soils from different climatic zones is poorly understood. In this study, different HS fractions (humic acids-HAs, fulvic acids-FAs and humin-HM) in soils from different climatic zones were extracted and used as sorbents for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The results indicated that HSs (including HA, FA and HM fractions) from colder climatic zones contained more oxygen-containing functional groups and exhibited smaller molecular weight as well as higher aliphaticity and polarity than those from warmer climatic zones. The sorption affinity of HAs at the low given concentration (0.05 Sw) of naphthalene (Nap), phenanthrene (Phe), pyrene (Pyr) and benz(α)anthracene (BaA) from warmer climatic zones to colder ones increased from 26.3 to 43.9, from 36.7 to 114.0, from 125.8 to 388.8, and from 322.5 to 876.1, respectively, and the same trends were obtained for FAs and HM at the same PAH concentration. The results indicated that HSs from colder climatic zones showed higher sorption affinity than those from warmer climatic zones. Moreover, the weighted contributions of FAs, HAs and HM to the overall sorption from different climatic zones were 9.1-28.4%, 13.5-59.2% and 23.4-76.9%, respectively. This indicates FA fraction, a previously neglected component, is also an important contributor to binding PAHs in soils. This study suggests that the difference in sorption behaviors of HOCs to HSs among different climatic zones should be considered when predicting HOC fates and bioavailability in soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenrui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shaoda Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xilong Wang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shurui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ke Sun
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Long S, Hamilton PB, Fu B, Xu J, Han L, Suo X, Lai Y, Shen G, Xu F, Li B. Bioaccumulation and emission of organophosphate esters in plants affecting the atmosphere's phosphorus cycle. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 318:120803. [PMID: 36503012 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The imbalance of atmospheric, terrestrial and aquatic phosphorus budgets remains a research conundrum and global concern. In this work, the uptake, distribution, bioaccumulation and emission of organophosphate esters (OPEs) by clove trees (Syzygium aromaticum), lemon trees (Citrus limon) and cape jasmine trees (Gardenia jasminoides var. fortuniana) was investigated as conduits for phosphorus transfer or sinks and sources. The objective was to assess the role OPEs in soils play as atmospheric phosphorus sources through plant bioaccumulation and emission. Results demonstrated OPEs in experimental soil plots ranging from 0.01 to 81.0 ng g-1 dry weight, were absorbed and transported through plants to the atmosphere. The total emission of OPEs varied greatly from 0.2 to 588.9 pg g-1 L-1 h-1, with a mean of 47.6 pg g-1 L-1 h-1. There was a negative linear relationship between the concentrations of total phosphorus and four OPEs, tri-iso-butyl phosphate, tri-n-butyl phosphate, tris (2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate and tripentyl phosphate. Trimethyl phosphate levels were positively correlated with total nitrogen, and the concentrations of tri-iso-butyl phosphate, tri-n-butyl phosphate, tris (2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate and tripentyl phosphate decreased along with available potassium in leaves after 72 h. There was a significantly positive linear relationship between higher emission concentrations of OPEs and the emission factor of OPEs concentration (F = 4.2, P = 0.002), with lower emissions of OPEs and the bioaccumulation of OPEs in leaves (F = 4.8, P = 0.004). OPEs releases to the atmosphere were enriched in aerosols, and participate in atmospheric chemical reactions like photolysis, thereby affecting the phosphorus balance and cycling in the atmosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengxing Long
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Paul B Hamilton
- Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6P4, Canada
| | - Bo Fu
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jing Xu
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Luchao Han
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xinhao Suo
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuqin Lai
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Guofeng Shen
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Fuliu Xu
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Bengang Li
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Jiangsu Centre for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang M, Luo F, Zhang X, Wang X, Sun H, Lou Z, Zhou L, Chen Z. Uptake, translocation, and metabolism of anthracene in tea plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 821:152905. [PMID: 35031356 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The origin of 9, 10-anthraquinone (AQ) contamination in tea remains unclear at present. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that AQ could be produced from the precursor anthracene in tea plantations. To test this hypothesis, the uptake, translocation, and transformation of anthracene in tea (Camellia sinensis) seedlings using hydroponic experimentation was investigated. Anthracene concentrations in tea tissues rose with increased anthracene exposure, which in the roots were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those in aboveground parts at the end of the exposure. These results indicated that anthracene tended to be adsorbed into tea seedling via the roots and accumulated largely within roots. The three main pathways of anthracene degradation in tea seedlings were suggested: oxygen was incorporated in the 9th and 10th positions of anthracene resulting in AQ (I) and anthrone (II), and naphthalene was formed by ring fission of anthracene via methylanthracene (III). The principal anthracene metabolites were AQ and anthrone. The concentrations of AQ, like anthrone, were markedly elevated in the roots than those in stems throughout the entire exposure period. Moreover, the translocation factors for anthracene and its primary metabolites AQ and anthrone from roots to stems were persistently lower than 0.1, demonstrating a poor translocation from roots to the aboveground regions. However, tea seedlings could take anthracene up from water and translocate it to the leaves. It was a possible risk for AQ contamination in tea leaves continuously exposed to anthracene for long periods of time because tea plants were perennial crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Fengjian Luo
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Hezhi Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Zhengyun Lou
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China.
| | - Zongmao Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hubai K, Kováts N, Sainnokhoi TA, Teke G. Accumulation pattern of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using Plantago lanceolata L. as passive biomonitor. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:7300-7311. [PMID: 34476695 PMCID: PMC8763834 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16141-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Biomonitors are considered a cheap alternative of active air samplers, especially where spatial pattern of air quality is to be monitored, requiring numerous parallel measurements. Of higher plants, Plantago lanceolata L. has been proven a good monitor species with proper accumulation capacity. While biomonitoring studies are difficult to compare due to inherent errors such as the diverse plant material used in different studies, the No. 227 OECD GUIDELINE FOR THE TESTING OF CHEMICALS: Terrestrial Plant Test: Vegetative Vigour Test provides a tool to test extract of aerosol samples under controlled laboratory conditions. In our study, this guideline was followed to experimentally treat Plantago with the aqueous extract of a diesel exhaust sample. Accumulation pattern of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was assessed and compared to samples collected in the field. Unlike most studies reported in the literature, both in the experimentally treated and field Plantago samples, high ratio of high molecular weight PAHs was experienced. Distribution pattern of accumulated PAHs showed strong correlation between the experimentally treated sample and most of the field plantain samples, underlying the usefulness of laboratory treatments for bioaccumulation studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Hubai
- Centre of Natural Sciences, University of Pannonia, Egyetem str. 10, Veszprém, 8200, Hungary
| | - Nora Kováts
- Centre of Natural Sciences, University of Pannonia, Egyetem str. 10, Veszprém, 8200, Hungary.
| | - Tsend-Ayush Sainnokhoi
- Centre of Natural Sciences, University of Pannonia, Egyetem str. 10, Veszprém, 8200, Hungary
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Khan-Uul district, Zaisan, Ulaanbaatar, 17042, Mongolia
| | - Gábor Teke
- ELGOSCAR-2000 Environmental Technology and Water Management Ltd., Balatonfuzfo, 8184, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sushkova S, Minkina T, Dudnikova T, Barbashev A, Mazarji M, Chernikova N, Lobzenko I, Deryabkina I, Kizilkaya R. Influence of carbon-containing and mineral sorbents on the toxicity of soil contaminated with benzo[a]pyrene during phytotesting. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:179-193. [PMID: 33818682 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00899-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a member of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons known for high persistency and toxicity. Technologies of BaP sorption through solid matrixes have received relatively more attention. The present study was devoted to the phytotesting investigations of two different groups of sorbents, such as carbonaceous, including biochar and granulated activated carbon (GAC), and mineral, including tripoli and diatomite. Evaluation of the BaP removing efficiency was carried out using the phytotesting method with spring barley in Haplic Chernozem contaminated with different levels of contamination (200 and 400 μg kg-1 BaP). The sorbents' efficiency for BaP remediation was estimated in the sorbents doses from 0.5 to 2.5% per kg of soil. It was shown that biochar and GAC decreased the soil toxicity class to a greater extent than mineral sorbents ones. The effect intensified with an increase in applying sorbents doses. The optimal dose of carbonaceous sorbents into the soil contaminated with 200 µg kg-1 was 1%, decreasing the BaP content up 57-59% in the soil. Simultaneously, the optimal dose of the mineral sorbents was found to be 1.5%, which decreased the BaP content in the soil up 41-48%. Increasing the BaP contamination level up to 400 µg kg-1 showed the necessity of a sorbent dose increasing. In these conditions, among all applied sorbents, only 2% GAC could reduce the soil toxicity class to the normal level up to 0.91-1.10. It was shown that BaP tended to migrate from the soil to the roots and further into the vegetative part of barley.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Sushkova
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, 344090.
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, 344090
| | - Tamara Dudnikova
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, 344090
| | - Andrey Barbashev
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, 344090
| | - Mahmoud Mazarji
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, 344090
| | | | - Iliya Lobzenko
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, 344090
| | - Irina Deryabkina
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, 344090
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Guo S, Wei C, Zhu Y, Zhang Y. The distribution and retained amount of benzo[a]pyrene at the micro-zones of mangrove leaf cuticles: Results from a novel analytical method. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117589. [PMID: 34426385 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant leaf cuticles play a critical role in the accumulation and transport of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The relationship between the distribution and retained amount of PAHs on the leaf cuticles and the leaves micro-zone structures is still unclear. In this study, a confocal microscopic fluorescence spectral analysis (CMFSA) system with a spatial resolution of 200 nm was established as a direct and noninvasive means to determine the microscopic distribution and quantify the retained amount of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) at Aegiceras corniculatum (Ac), Kandelia obovata (Ko) and Avicennia marina (Am) leaf cuticle micro-zones (0.096 mm2). The linear ranges for the established method were 10-1900 ng spot-1 for Ac, 15-1700 ng spot-1 for Ko and 30-1800 ng spot-1 for Am, and the detection limits were 0.06 ng spot-1 for Ac, 0.06 ng spot-1 for Ko and 0.07 ng spot-1 for Am. Notably, B[a]P formed clusters and unevenly distributed at the leaf cuticles. On the adaxial cuticles, B[a]P was mainly accumulated unevenly along the epidermis cell wall, and it was also distinctively distributed in the secretory cells around salt glands for Ac and Am. On the abaxial leaf cuticles, B[a]P was concentrated in the salt glands and stomata apart from being unevenly distributed in the epidermis cell wall. Moreover, the amount of B[a]P retained presented a negative correlation with the polarity of leaf cuticles, which resulted in the amount of B[a]P retained on the adaxial leaf cuticles being significantly higher than that on abaxial leaf cuticles. Our results provide a potential in situ method for investigating the distribution and retained amount of PAHs at plant leaf surface micro-zones, which would contribute to further studying and understanding the mechanism of migration and transformation of PAHs by plant leaves from a microscopic perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Chaoxian Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yaxian Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hu B, Jiang L, Zheng Q, Luo C, Zhang D, Wang S, Xie Y, Zhang G. Uptake and translocation of organophosphate esters by plants: Impacts of chemical structure, plant cultivar and copper. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 155:106591. [PMID: 33933901 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are normally used as flame retardants, plasticizers and lubricants, but have become environmental pollutants. Because OPEs are normally present alongside heavy metals in soils, the effects of interactions between OPEs and heavy metals on plant uptake of OPEs need to be determined. In this study, we investigated the effects of OPEs chemical structure, plant cultivar and copper (Cu) on the uptake and translocation of OPEs by plants. The bioaccumulation of OPEs varied among plant cultivars. They were preferentially enriched in carrot, with the lowest concentrations observed in maize. OPEs with electron-ring substituents (ER-OPEs) exhibited a higher potential for root uptake than did OPEs with open-chain substituents (OC-OPEs), which could be attributed to the higher sorption of ER-OPEs onto root charged surfaces. This was explained by the stronger noncovalent interactions with the electron-rich structure of ER-OPEs. The presence of Cu slightly reduced the distinct difference in the ability of roots to take up OC-OPEs and ER-OPEs. This was explained by the interactions of Cu ions with the electron-rich structure of ER-OPEs, which suppressed the sorption of ER-OPEs on the root surface. A negative relationship between the logarithms of the translocation factor and octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) was observed in treatments with either OPEs only or OPEs + Cu, implying the significant role of hydrophobicity in the OPEs acropetal translocation. The results will improve our understanding of the uptake and translocation of OPEs by plant cultivars as well as how the process is affected by the chemical structure of OPEs and Cu, leading to improvements in the ecological risk assessment of OPEs in the food chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Longfei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Qian Zheng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chunling Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Dayi Zhang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shaorui Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yucheng Xie
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhu Y, Huang H, Zhang Y, Xiong G, Zhang Q, Li Y, Tao S, Liu W. Evaluation of PAHs in edible parts of vegetables and their human health risks in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, China: A multimedia modeling approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145076. [PMID: 33582335 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the origins of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in vegetables is essential to reduce human health risks induced by dietary exposure. The current study developed a vegetation-advanced multimedia model, SESAMe-Veg, to identify the major uptake pathway of 15 priority PAHs in vegetables and assess the PAHs in edible parts of cabbages and carrots in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, China. The model was well evaluated against site- and plant-specific measurements. Edible parts exhibited lower PAH concentrations than the other parts for both vegetables. The estimated concentrations of ΣPAH15 were 79 ng/g in cabbage shoots and 83 ng/g in carrot roots. Higher concentrations were estimated in shoots of the leafy vegetable than in roots of the root vegetable for most PAHs. Although air-shoot is the major transport pathway, 98% was deposition of particles, which was attached outside and could be removed relatively easily by washing. Soils might be the origin of PAHs inside vegetables, especially for lighter PAHs. PYR was more likely to be stored in roots than other congeners. The translocation of PAHs inside vegetables was negligible. Adulthood dietary exposure to local vegetables probably caused a high health risk; however, contributions from consuming cabbages and especially carrots were low. Females generally exhibited slightly higher risks than males of exposure to PAHs in local vegetables. Considering the dominant role of particle deposition, carefully vegetable washing before ingestion could reduce this risk. This study has provided a functional tool to evaluate vegetable contamination by PAHs. CAPSULE: A vegetation-advanced multimedia model of PAHs in different parts of vegetables and other environmental media was developed to evaluate the potential health risk to local populations of different sexes and ages via vegetable ingestion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Huijing Huang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Guannan Xiong
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yujun Li
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shu Tao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenxin Liu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xi N, Li Y, Chen J, Yang Y, Duan J, Xia X. Elevated Temperatures Decrease the Photodegradation Rate of Pyrethroid Insecticides on Spinach Leaves: Implications for the Effect of Climate Warming. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:1167-1177. [PMID: 33356194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming is seldom considered in the transformation of pesticides on a plant leaf. This study investigated the effects of photodegradation temperature and spinach growth temperature from 15 to 21 °C on the photodegradation of bifenthrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, and deltamethrin on spinach leaves under xenon lamp irradiation in climate incubators. The photodegradation temperature had minor effects on pyrethroid photodegradation. Interestingly, the photodegradation rates decreased with increasing spinach growth temperature. For example, the photodegradation rate constant of bifenthrin on a spinach cultivated at 15 °C (3.73 (±0.59, 95% confidence level) × 10-2 h-1) was 1.9 times higher than that at 21 °C (1.96 (±0.17) × 10-2 h-1). Hydroxyl radicals (·OH) played a dominant role in the photodegradation. We speculate that ·OH originated from the degradation of hydroperoxide that was formed by oxidation of phenolic CH═CH, aliphatic CH3 and aromatic C-O-C, and subsequent hydrogen abstraction. The contents of these functional groups decreased with increasing growth temperature, which resulted in lower photodegradation rates at higher growth temperatures. A possible photodegradation pathway including ester bond cleavage, decyanation, and phenyl group removal was proposed. This work provides new insight into the effects of climate warming on the generation of reactive oxygen species and the transformation of pesticides on a plant leaf.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixiao Yang
- The International Department, The Experimental High School Attached to Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zeng LJ, Huang YH, Chen XT, Chen XH, Mo CH, Feng YX, Lü H, Xiang L, Li YW, Li H, Cai QY, Wong MH. Prevalent phthalates in air-soil-vegetable systems of plastic greenhouses in a subtropical city and health risk assessments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 743:140755. [PMID: 32758841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wide use of plastic greenhouses for vegetable production increases human exposure to phthalate (PAEs) through vegetable intake. However, little information is available about distribution of PAEs in air-soil-vegetable systems of plastic greenhouses and PAE estrogenic effects. This study was designed to investigate PAE distributions and corresponding health risk in plastic greenhouses in Guangzhou, a subtropical city in South China. PAEs were prevalent in plastic greenhouses, with sum concentrations of 16 PAE compounds (∑16PAEs) up to 5.76 mg/kg in soils, 5.27 mg/kg in vegetables and 4393 ng/m3 in air. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, di-isobutyl phthalate, and dibutyl phthalate were predominant compounds. Average concentrations and bioconcentration factor of ∑16PAEs and the predominant PAE compounds in vegetables of greenhouses were higher than those of open fields. Plastic greenhouses exhibited significantly higher air PAE levels than those of open fields due to higher indoor temperature, which enhanced PAE accumulation by vegetables. Both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of PAEs via dietary and non-dietary exposures for farmers decreased with an order of vegetable > air > soil. Consumption of vegetables from greenhouses resulted in significantly higher estrogenic effects compared to those from open field cultivation. This study emphasizes highly potential health risks of PAEs in air-soil-vegetable systems of plastic greenhouses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu-Hong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ce-Hui Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu-Xi Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huixiong Lü
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lei Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan-Wen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Quan-Ying Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Ming-Hung Wong
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Consortium on Health, Environment, Education and Research (CHEER), Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen J, Xia X, Zhang Z, Wen W, Xi N, Zhang Q. The combination of warming and copper decreased the uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by spinach and their associated cancer risk. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 727:138732. [PMID: 32334236 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Both climate warming and co-contamination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals are environmental issues of great concern. However, the interactive effects of warming and heavy metals on PAH accumulation in edible plants and the PAH-associated health risk remain unclear. In this study, enclosed soil/water-air-plant microcosm experiments were conducted to explore the effects of copper (Cu), warming (+6 °C), and their combination on the uptake of four deuterated PAH (PAH-d10) by spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) in aged soil. PAH-associated health risks for soil, plant, and air exposure pathways were also assessed. The results showed that both individual Cu or warming decreased the PAH-d10 concentrations in root and shoot (non-normalized by lipid content) as well as the total PAH-associated cancer risk. Although antagonism existed between warming and Cu, compared to the presence of Cu, warming further reduced the spinach uptake of PAHs-d10 and total PAH-associated cancer risk, and the reductions were stronger at higher Cu levels. The inhibitory effect of the binary combination on PAH-d10 root uptake was attributed to decreased root lipid content and phytoavailable concentrations of PAHs-d10 in soil as a consequence of biodegradation, aging effect and cation-π interaction. The antagonism between warming and Cu on spinach uptake could be explained by their opposite effects on PAH-d10 biodegradation and the inhibition of the cation-π interaction caused by warming. Additionally, the shoot uptake of PAHs-d10 was mainly controlled by their soil to air to shoot partitioning. The findings suggest that the interactive effects of climate warming and co-existing pollutants should be taken into account for the assessment of plant uptake and health risk of PAHs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xinghui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Zhenrui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wu Wen
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Nannan Xi
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qianru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mukhopadhyay S, Dutta R, Das P. A critical review on plant biomonitors for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air through solvent extraction techniques. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 251:126441. [PMID: 32443242 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are hydrocarbons having two or more fused aromatic rings, released from natural (like forest fires and volcanic eruption) as well as man-made sources (like burning of fossil fuel & wood, automobile emission). They are persistent priority pollutants and continue to last for a long time in the environment causing severe damage to human health owing to their genotoxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. The study of PAHs in environment has therefore aroused a global concern. PAHs adsorption to plant cell wall is facilitated by transpiration and plant root lipids which help PAHs transfer from roots to leaves and stalks, causing more accumulation of contaminants with the increase in lipid content. Hence, these bioaccumulators can be utilized as biomonitors for indirect assessment of ambient air pollution. Efficacy of specific plants, lichens and mosses as useful biomonitors of airborne PAHs pollution has been discussed in this review along with prevalent classical and modified extraction techniques coupled with proper analytical procedures in order to gain an insight into the assessment of atmospheric PAHs concentrations. Different modern and modified solvent extraction techniques along with conventional Soxhlet method are identified for extraction of PAHs from accumulative bioindicators and analytical methods are also developed for accurate determination of PAHs. Process parameters like choice of solvent, temperature, time of extraction, pressure and matrix characteristics are usually checked. An approach of biomonitoring of PAHs using plants, lichens and mosses has been discussed here as they usually trap the atmospheric PAHs and mineralize them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shritama Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Ratna Dutta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Papita Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen J, Xia X, Chu S, Wang H, Zhang Z, Xi N, Gan J. Cation-π Interactions with Coexisting Heavy Metals Enhanced the Uptake and Accumulation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Spinach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:7261-7270. [PMID: 32434324 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have considered the effect of co-occurring heavy metals on plant accumulation of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs), and less is known about the role of intermolecular interactions. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms of Cu/Zn effects on hydroponic uptake of four deuterated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs-d10) by spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Both solubility enhancement experiment and quantum mechanical calculations demonstrated the existence of [PAH-Cu(H2O)0-4]2+ and [2·PAH-Cu(H2O)0-2]2+ via cation-π interactions when Cu2+ concentration was ≤100 μmol/L. Notably, PAH-d10 concentrations in both roots and shoots increased significantly with Cu2+ concentration. This was because the formation of phytoavailable PAH-Cu2+ complexes decreased PAH-d10 hydrophobicity and consequently decreased their sorption onto dissolved organic carbon (DOC, i.e., root exudates), thereby increasing phytoavailable concentrations and uptake of PAHs-d10. X-ray absorption near-edge structure analysis showed that PAH-Cu2+ complexes could enter defective spinach roots via apoplastic pathway. However, Zn2+ and PAHs-d10 cannot form the cation-π interactions because of the high desolvation penalty of Zn2+. Actually, Zn2+ decreased the spinach uptake of PAHs-d10 due to the increase of DOC induced by Zn. This work provides molecular insights into how metals could selectively affect the plant uptake of HOCs and highlights the importance of considering the HOC phytoavailability with coexisting metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shengqi Chu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haotian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhenrui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Nannan Xi
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jay Gan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gredelj A, Nicoletto C, Polesello S, Ferrario C, Valsecchi S, Lava R, Barausse A, Zanon F, Palmeri L, Guidolin L, Bonato M. Uptake and translocation of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in hydroponically grown red chicory (Cichorium intybus L.): Growth and developmental toxicity, comparison with growth in soil and bioavailability implications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137333. [PMID: 32146391 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) have shown a high potential for plant (crop) uptake, making them possibly significant contributors to the total dietary exposure to PFAAs. The plant uptake of PFAAs is a complex process that needs better characterization, as it does not only depend on perfluoroalkyl chain length, but also on their polar terminal group, on the plant species and the exposure media. Here, a plant uptake study with nine perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) was carried out under the hydroponic (soilless) exposure conditions. Red chicory was grown in a nutrient solution, spiked with PFAAs mixture at three different concentrations (i.e. 62.5, 125 and 250 μg/L), in order to extend the range of levels tested and reported in the literature so far. Bioaccumulation metrics and transpiration stream concentration factors (TSCFs) were employed for the plant uptake characterization and consequent comparison with the results of soil uptake experiment we previously performed with the same crop. The results showed that calculated root concentration factors (RCFs) increase with PFAA chain length, while the opposite chain length dependence was present for shoots. Plants from two treatments with the highest PFAAs concentrations manifested physiological changes (discoloration, inhibited roots and leaves growth), despite of the used exposure concentrations being much lower than previously published phytotoxicity thresholds. A comparison among RCFs and TSCFs derived from hydroponic and from the soil experiment has emphasized their different magnitudes and PFAAs chain length dependence patterns. They could not be ascribed only to soil sorption as a process decreasing PFAAs bioavailability for plants, but also to developmental differences between the root systems formed in soil and in nutrient solution and to the potential competitive PFAAs sorption to roots in hydroponics. The interchangeable use of bioaccumulation and translocation parameters derived in hydroponic and soil systems would lead to erroneous conclusions and plant uptake predictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gredelj
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Carlo Nicoletto
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Polesello
- Water Research Institute - National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via del Mulino 19, 20861 Brugherio, MB, Italy
| | - Claudia Ferrario
- Water Research Institute - National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via del Mulino 19, 20861 Brugherio, MB, Italy
| | - Sara Valsecchi
- Water Research Institute - National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Via del Mulino 19, 20861 Brugherio, MB, Italy
| | - Roberto Lava
- ARPAV (Regional Environmental Agency of Veneto), Via Lissa 6, 30174 Venezia Mestre, Italy
| | - Alberto Barausse
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Bassi 58/b, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Zanon
- ARPAV (Regional Environmental Agency of Veneto), Via Lissa 6, 30174 Venezia Mestre, Italy
| | - Luca Palmeri
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Guidolin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Bassi 58/b, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Bonato
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Bassi 58/b, 35131 Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|