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Jia J, Yao L, Xiao B, Fan X, Wang X, Liu Y, Wu Y, Hu L, Zhang D. Mechanisms and influential factors of soil chromium long-term stability by an accelerated aging system after chemical stabilization. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:134994. [PMID: 38909472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Chemical stabilization is one of the most widely used remediation strategies for chromium (Cr)-contaminated soils by reducing Cr(VI) to Cr(III), and its performance is affected by human and natural processes in a prolonged period, challenging long-term Cr stability. In this work, we established a method for evaluating the long-term effectiveness of remediation of Cr-contaminated soils, and developed an accelerated aging system to simultaneously simulate acid rain leaching and freeze-thaw cycles. The mechanisms and influencing factors of long-term (50-year) change in soil Cr speciation were unravelled after stabilization with Metafix®. Chemical stabilization remarkably decreased the contents of Cr(VI)soil, Crtotal-leach and Cr(VI)leach, among which the removal rate of Cr(VI) in soil was up to 89.70 %, but it also aggravated soil Cr instability. During the accelerated aging process, Crtotal-leach change rates in chemically stabilized soil samples were 0.0462-0.0587 mg/(L·a), and soil Cr became instable after 20-year accelerated aging. The proportion of Cr bound to organic matter and residual Cr increased in soil, and exchangeable Cr decreased. Linear combination fitting results of XANES also showed that Cr(VI) and Cr3+ were transformed into OM-Cr(III), Fh-Cr(III) and CrFeO3 after restoration. During the accelerated aging process, acid rain leaching activated Cr(III) and dissolved Cr(VI), whereas freeze-thaw cycle mainly affected OM-Cr. Chemical stabilization, acid rain leaching and aging time were the major factors influencing the stability of soil Cr, and the freeze-thaw cycle promoted the influence of acid rain leaching. This study provided a new way to explore the long-term effectiveness and instability mechanisms at Cr-contaminated site after chemical stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Jia
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Linying Yao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Bing Xiao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xiaolu Fan
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Xinzi Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yu Wu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Lei Hu
- Department of Civil Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
| | - Dayi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-restoration, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, PR China.
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Chen W, Li B, Yin W, Zeng W, Li P, Wu J. Promoted iron corrosion and subsequent hexavalent chromium removal in zero-valent iron systems by oxidant activation. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141391. [PMID: 38325615 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Zero-valent iron (ZVI), as an effective medium, is widely used to eliminate heavy metal ions in filter tanks. However, it will react with Cr(VI) to generate Fe-Cr precipitates with low conductivity on its surface, resulting in slow iron corrosion and low Cr(VI) removal efficiency. In this study, three oxidants (KMnO4, NaClO, and Na2S2O8) were employed to promote iron corrosion in ZVI systems for enhanced Cr(VI) removal at a concentration of 5 mg/L through batch tests and column experiments. The ZVI/KMnO4, ZVI/NaClO, and ZVI/Na2S2O8 systems achieved significantly higher Cr(VI) removal rates of 31.5%, 52.8%, and 65.9% than the ZVI system (9.8%). Solid phase characterization confirmed that these improvements were attributed to promoted iron corrosion and secondary mineral formation (e.g., lepidocrocite, ferrihydrite, and magnetite) by oxidants. Those minerals offered more reaction sites for Cr(VI) reduction, adsorption, and sequestration. Cycle experiments indicated that ZVI/oxidant systems could stably remove Cr(VI). In long-term column experiment, the ZVI/NaClO column showed a much longer life-span and exhibited a 34.8 times higher Cr(VI) removal capacity than that of the ZVI column. These findings demonstrated that ZVI in combination with a reasonable amount of oxidants was a promising method for removing Cr(VI) in practical filter tanks and provided a new insight to enhance Cr(VI) removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiting Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Weizhao Yin
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Weilong Zeng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ping Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jinhua Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Zhang H, Li Y, Li R, Wu W, Abdelrahman H, Wang J, Al-Solaimani SG, Antoniadis V, Rinklebe J, Lee SS, Shaheen SM, Zhang Z. Mitigation of the mobilization and accumulation of toxic metal(loid)s in ryegrass using sodium sulfide. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 909:168387. [PMID: 37952661 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Remediation of soils contaminated with toxic metal(loid)s (TMs) and mitigation of the associated ecological and human health risks are of great concern. Sodium sulfide (Na2S) can be used as an amendment for the immobilization of TMs in contaminated soils; however, the effects of Na2S on the leachability, bioavailability, and uptake of TMs in highly-contaminated soils under field conditions have not been investigated yet. This is the first field-scale research study investigating the effect of Na2S application on soils with Hg, Pb and Cu contents 70-to-7000-fold higher than background values and also polluted with As, Cd, Ni, and Zn. An ex situ remediation project including soil replacement, immobilization with Na2S, and safe landfilling was conducted at Daiziying and Anle (China) with soils contaminated with As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn. Notably, Na2S application significantly lowered the sulfuric-nitric acid leachable TMs below the limits defined by Chinese regulations. There was also a significant reduction in the DTPA-extractable TMs in the two studied sites up to 85.9 % for Hg, 71.4 % for Cu, 71.9 % for Pb, 48.1 % for Cd, 37.1 % for Zn, 34.3 % for Ni, and 15.7 % for As compared to the untreated controls. Moreover, Na2S treatment decreased the shoot TM contents in the last harvest to levels lower than the TM regulation limits concerning fodder crops, and decreased the TM root-to-shoot translocation, compared to the untreated control sites. We conclude that Na2S has great potential to remediate soils heavily tainted with TMs and mitigate the associated ecological and human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - You Li
- Key laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Weilong Wu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Hamada Abdelrahman
- Cairo University, Faculty of Agriculture, Soil Science Department, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Jianxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 550082 Guiyang, PR China
| | - Samir G Al-Solaimani
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vasileios Antoniadis
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Department of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
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Li Q, Zhang X, Zheng J, Qin J, Ou C, Liao Q, Si M, Yang Z, Yang W. Phase transformation of Cr(VI) host-mineral driven by citric acid-aided mechanochemical approach for advanced remediation of chromium ore processing residue-contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132530. [PMID: 37716262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
The slow release of Cr(VI) from chromium ore processing residue-contaminated soil (COPR-soil) poses a significant environmental and health risk, yet advanced remediation techniques are still insufficient. Here, the slow-release behavior of Cr(VI) in COPR-soil is observed and attributed to the embedded Cr(VI) in the lattice of vaterite due to the isomeric substitution of CrO42- for CO32-. A citric acid-aided mechanochemical approach with FeS2/ZVI as reductive material was developed and found to be highly effective in remediating COPR-soil. Almost all Cr(VI) in COPR-soil, including Cr(VI) embedded in the minerals, are reduced with a reduction efficiency of 99.94%. Cr(VI) reduction kinetics indicate that the Cr(VI) reduction rate constant in the presence of citric acid was 4.8 times higher compared to its absence. According to the Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Electron Probe X-ray Micro-Analyzer (EPMA) analysis, the reduction of Cr(VI) embedded in vaterite was mainly attributed to the citric acid-induced protonation effect. That is, under the protonation effect, the embedded Cr(VI) could be released from vaterite through its phase transformation to calcite, whose affinity to Cr(VI) is low. While the reduction of released Cr(VI) could be promoted due to the complexation of citric acid with disulfide groups on FeS2/ZVI. The results of long-term stability tests demonstrated that the remediated COPR-soil exhibited excellent long-term stability, which may also be associated with improved utilization of available carbon and electron donors by the Cr(VI) reducing bacteria (Proteobacteria)-dominated microbial community in the presence of citric acid, thereby promoting to establish a stable reducing microenvironment. Collectively, these findings will further our understanding of the reduction remediation of COPR-soil, especially in the case of Cr(VI) embedded in minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Junhao Zheng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Jingxi Qin
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Chunyu Ou
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Qi Liao
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Mengying Si
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Weichun Yang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, PR China.
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Wang Z, He X, Li X, Chen L, Tang T, Cui G, Zhang Q, Liu Y. Long-term stability and toxicity effects of three-dimensional electrokinetic remediation on chromium-contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122461. [PMID: 37689131 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The three-dimensional electrokinetic remediation (3D EKR) achieved efficient removal of chromium (Cr) from the soil through mechanisms including electromigration, electroosmosis, and redox reactions. In this study, the long-term stability, leaching toxicity, bioavailability, and phytotoxicity of Cr in remediated soils were systematically analyzed to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of the 3D EKR method. The results showed that the concentration of hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) in the leachate of the 3D EKR system with sulfidated nano-scale zerovalent iron (S-nZVI) was more than 40% lower than those of the other 3D electrode groups, and the time required to reach the level III standard of groundwater quality criterion in China (0.05 mg/L, GB/T 14848-2017) was significantly shortened. The stabilization of Cr(VI) in contaminated soil after 3D EKR was maintained for 300 pore volumes (PVs), indicating that the treated Cr(VI) had good long-term stability. The leaching toxicity and bioaccessibility of Cr were assessed by the synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP), the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), and the physiologically based extraction test (PBET). The concentration of Cr(VI) in the SPLP, TCLP, and PBET leachates of the S-nZVI group decreased by more than 25% compared to the other 3D electrode groups, corresponding to the decrease in leaching toxicity and bioavailability of the treated Cr during the 15-day remediation period. In addition, the germination rate of wheat seeds and the average biomass of wheat seedlings in the S-nZVI group under alkaline conditions (EE) were higher than those in the non-polluting group (Blank-OH), indicating that the remediated soil had no obvious toxicity to wheat. In summary, 3D EKR achieved a satisfactory and stable remediation effect on Cr-contaminated soil, especially when using S-nZVI as the 3D electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University; Beijing Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Utilization and Management, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Xiao He
- China MCC5 Group Corp. Ltd., Chengdu, 610063, China
| | - Xin Li
- Ecological Environment Consulting Department, Beijing Construction Engineering Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd., Beijing 100015, China
| | - Liuzhou Chen
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University; Beijing Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Utilization and Management, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tian Tang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University; Beijing Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Utilization and Management, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Guodong Cui
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University; Beijing Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Utilization and Management, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qiming Zhang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University; Beijing Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Utilization and Management, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yangsheng Liu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University; Beijing Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Utilization and Management, Beijing 100871, China.
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Liu J, Sun S, Zhang H, Kong Q, Li Q, Yao X. Remediation materials for the immobilization of hexavalent chromium in contaminated soil: Preparation, applications, and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:116918. [PMID: 37611786 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium is a toxic metal that can induce severe chromium contamination of soil, posing a potential risk to human health and ecosystems. In recent years, the immobilization of Cr(VI) using remediation materials including inorganic materials, organic materials, microbial agents, and composites has exhibited great potential in remediating Cr(VI)-contaminated soil owing to the environmental-friendliness, short period, simple operation, low cost, applicability on an industrial scale, and high efficiency of these materials. Therefore, a systematical summary of the current progress on various remediation materials is essential. This work introduces the production (sources) of remediation materials and examines their characteristics in detail. Additionally, a critical summary of recent research on the utilization of remediation materials for the stabilization of Cr(VI) in the soil is provided, together with an evaluation of their remediation efficiencies toward Cr(VI). The influences of remediation material applications on soil physicochemical properties, microbial community structure, and plant growth are summarized. The immobilization mechanisms of remediation materials toward Cr(VI) in the soil are illuminated. Importantly, this study evaluates the feasibility of each remediation material application for Cr(VI) remediation. The latest knowledge on the development of remediation materials for the immobilization of Cr(VI) in the soil is also presented. Overall, this review will provide a reference for the development of remediation materials and their application in remediating Cr(VI)-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Liu
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China.
| | - Shuyu Sun
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Huanxin Zhang
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Qiang Kong
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China; Dongying Institute, Shandong Normal University, Dongying, Shandong, 257092, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Modern Agriculture and Environment, Weifang Institute of Technology, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China
| | - Xudong Yao
- Project Department, Shandong Luqiao Detection Technology Co., Ltd., Rizhao, Shandong, 276800, China
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Zhang X, Li Q, Nie K, Cao K, Liao Q, Si M, Yang Z, Yang W. Synergistic effect of sulfidated nano zerovalent iron and proton-buffering montmorillonite in reductive immobilization of alkaline Cr(VI)-contaminated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 321:138132. [PMID: 36780997 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Effective remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated soil with strong alkalinity and high Cr(VI) concentration is a severe challenge. Herein, a proton-buffering montmorillonite-supported sulfidated nano zerovalent iron (nFeS/Fe0@H-Mt) was developed for remediation of alkaline Cr(VI)-contaminated soil. The reductive efficiencies of water-soluble Cr(VI) reached 99.7%, 99.3% and 99.8% in three tested soils with initial concentrations of 439.6, 3307.5 and 4626.7 mg kg-1, respectively, after 15 d of nFeS/Fe0@H-Mt treatment. Further speciation analyses demonstrated most available Cr species (exchangeable and carbonate-bound Cr) were transformed into more stable Cr species. The leachable Cr(VI) and total Cr obtained by toxicity leaching procedures decreased to extremely low levels and maintained long-term stability for 120 d. Such superior reductive immobilization performance of FeS/Fe0@H-Mt was attributed to the synergistic effect of sulfidated nano zerovalent iron and proton-buffering montmorillonite, which induced the coordination of proton donation and electron transfer. The proton-buffering montmorillonite (H-Mt) could prevent the aggregation of nanoparticles and provide protons to accelerate the corrosion of Fe0. In addition, the FeS component improved electron selectivity and facilitated electron transfer of Fe0 to Cr(VI). Our study demonstrated that the coordination of proton donation and electron transfer significantly enhanced the Cr(VI) reduction under the alkaline condition thus leading to effective remediation of alkaline Cr(VI)-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, PR China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, PR China
| | - Kai Nie
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, PR China
| | - Kaiting Cao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, PR China
| | - Qi Liao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, PR China
| | - Mengying Si
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, PR China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Weichun Yang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, PR China.
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Maiti S, Neogi S, Dutta BK. Remediation and immobilization of Cr(VI)-contaminated soil using stabilized nanoscale iron sulfide and ecological impact. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15009. [PMID: 37089349 PMCID: PMC10119562 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil contaminated with hexavalent chromium seriously threatens the environment and human health. The use of FeS, which has a high redox activity and excellent reduction capacity, limits its application in soil remediation due to its premature surface oxidation and massive aggregation. To prevent premature surface oxidation and agglomeration, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-supported nano-ferrous sulfide (CTAB-nFeS) was chemically synthesized and used for immobilizing Cr(VI) in contaminated soil. In order to evaluate the role of CTAB stabilization of nFeS and interaction mechanisms were investigated by XPS, FTIR, XRD, and FESEM. Batch experiments showed a complete reduction of Cr(VI) within 3 h with only 235% excess of CTAB-nFeS at a soil pH of 8 compared to days as reported in the literature with alternative FeS forms. The reduction kinetic data could be satisfactorily fitted into the second-order rate model. The rate constant linearly depends on the soil-to-water ratio, but its logarithmic form is linear in the given pH range. The oxidation-reduction potential increases with decreasing initial pH, thus positively impacting the reduction process. XPS analysis revealed the reduction process as multi-steps (reduction, adsorption, and co-precipitation). Ecological studies showed improved plant growth and earthworm survival rate in the remediated soil. Medium-term stability experiments suggested a significant decrease in TCLP leachate concentration of Cr after CTAB-nFeS treatment and remained stable for 60 d. Overall results of our study suggested a sustainable, feasible, and effective strategy for in-situ remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated soil using CTAB-nFeS at natural pH.
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Dou X, Su H, Xu D, Liu C, Meng H, Li H, Zhang J, Dang Y, Feng L, Zhang L, Du Z, Holmes DE. Enhancement effects of dissolved organic matter leached from sewage sludge on microbial reduction and immobilization of Cr(VI) by Geobacter sulfurreducens. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155301. [PMID: 35429569 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sewage sludge has a high concentration of dissolved organic matter (DOM) which contains compounds that can serve as electron donors or shuttles for metal reduction by dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria (DMRB). In this study, Cr(VI) removal by G. sulfurreducens, a common DMRB present in anaerobic soils, was examined in the presence or absence of sludge DOM. Two different types of sludge DOM were tested; composted sludge DOM (C-DOM) and anaerobically digested sludge DOM (A-DOM). Both sludge DOMs enhanced Cr(VI) reduction by G. sulfurreducens, but C-DOM was more effective likely because it had higher concentrations of humic substances that served as electron shuttles. Transcriptomic studies indicated that G. sulfurreducens utilizes several different mechanisms to tolerate chromium including extracellular Cr(VI) reduction and immobilization by outer membrane c-type cytochromes and electrically conductive pili, intracellular Cr(VI) reduction by triheme cytochromes and NAD(P)H FMN reductase proteins, and chromium efflux by several P-type ATPase and RND transporter proteins. Microscopy experiments also showed that Cr(III) crystals formed on the surface of the cells, indicating that extracellular Cr(VI) reduction and adsorption was involved in the chromium removal process. These results help provide insight into the potential use of sewage sludge as an additive to enhance the bioremediation of chromium contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudan Dou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hui Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dandan Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chuanqi Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huan Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haoyong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yan Dang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Li Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liqiu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ziwen Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Dawn E Holmes
- Department of Physical and Biological Sciences, Western New England University, 1215 Wilbraham Rd, Springfield, MA 01119, USA
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10
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Xiao W, Ye X, Ye Z, Zhang Q, Zhao S, Chen D, Gao N, Huang M. Responses of microbial community composition and function to biochar and irrigation management and the linkage to Cr transformation in paddy soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 304:119232. [PMID: 35364188 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Combining biochar with irrigation management to alter the microbial community is a sustainable method for remediating soils contaminated by heavy metals. However, studies on how these treatments promote Cr(VI) reduction are limited, and the corresponding microbial mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, we conducted a pot experiment to explore the responses of soil microbial communities to combined biochar amendment and irrigation management strategies and their involvement in Cr transformation in paddy soils. Six treatments were established using varying concentrations of biochar (0, 1, and 2% [w/w]) combined with two irrigation management strategies (continuous flooding [CF] and dry-wet alternation [DWA]). The results showed that the combined biochar addition and irrigation management strategy significantly altered soil pH, redox potential, organic matter content, and Fe(II) and sulfide concentrations. In addition, the Cr(VI) concentration under CF irrigation management was conspicuously lower (48.2-54.4%) than that under DWA irrigation management. Biochar amendment also resulted in a substantial reduction (8.8-27.4%) in Cr(VI) concentration. Moreover, the changes in soil physicochemical properties remarkably affected the soil microbial community. The microbial diversity and abundance significantly increased with biochar amendment. Furthermore, the combined biochar amendment and CF strategy stimulated the growth of Geobacter- and Anaeromyxobacter-related Fe(III)-reducing bacteria, Gallionella-related Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria, and Desulfovibro- and Clostridium-related sulfate-reducing bacteria, which simultaneously facilitated the generation of Fe(II) and sulfide, thereby enhancing Cr(VI) reduction. Consequently, our results suggest that the effectively increased abundance of Fe-reducing/oxidizing bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria via combined CF irrigation management and biochar addition may be a key factor in reducing Cr(VI) in paddy soil. The keystone genera responsible for Cr(VI) reduction were Geobacter, Anaeromyxobacter, Gallionella, Desulfovibro, and Clostridium. This study provides novel insights into the coupling mechanism of the Fe/S/Cr transformation mediated by Fe-reducing/oxidizing bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Xuezhu Ye
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Zhengqian Ye
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Shouping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - De Chen
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Na Gao
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Miaojie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
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11
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Liu Y, Jia J, Zhang H, Sun S. Enhanced Cr(VI) stabilization in soil by chitosan/bentonite composites. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 238:113573. [PMID: 35500403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, chitosan/bentonite composites (CSBT) was synthesized and applied to the immobilization of chromium in the soil. The influence of passivating agents on various forms of chromium was investigated by batch experiment. The results showed that CSBT could reduce the content of exchangeable form and oxidizable form, while increase the content of residual form of chromium. The addition of 0.2 g·kg-1 CSBT had the best effect, with the concentration of exchangeable, reducible and oxidizable form decreased by 46.74%, 8.15%, and 14.46%, respectively. During the experiment time, the passivation effect increased rapidly within 14 days, and the content of residual form in the total Cr increased from 0.76% to 14.23%, the equilibrium was reached at the 28th day and was basically maintained in the subsequent period. CSBT had little impact on soil pH, and soil pH maintained constant during the experiment period. The amino, carboxyl and hydroxyl groups of CSBT promoted the conversion of available chromium to residual state in soil, and reduced the bioavailability of chromium in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Junjie Jia
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Huifeng Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Shujuan Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China.
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12
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Li Q, Zhang Y, Yu L, Cao K, Si M, Liao Q, Zhao F, Yang W, Yang Z. Performance and mechanisms of microwave-assisted zerovalent iron/pyrite for advance remediation of strongly alkaline high Cr(VI) contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 298:118855. [PMID: 35051549 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Strongly alkaline high Cr(VI) contaminated (SAHCR) soil poses a high risk to the environment and public health, yet lacks rapid and efficient remediation technology. In this study, a novel approach combining microwave irradiation with zerovalent iron/pyrite (FeS2/ZVI) was developed for the remediation of SAHCR soil. The results indicated that fast and efficient remediation of the SAHCR soil was achieved by microwave irradiation-assisted FeS2/ZVI, with 99.9% of removal rate of Cr(VI) within 10 min, and Cr(VI) concentration from 3900.8 plummeted to 2.38 mg kg-1. The data of Cr(VI) reduction kinetics at different temperatures indicated that the activation energies (Ea) for microwave-FeS2/ZVI system was 27.4 kJ mol-1, 28.5% lower than that without microwave irradiation, suggesting that in addition to the heating effect of microwave, the accelerated Cr(VI) reduction also comes from the catalytic effect of "hot spots" on FeS2/ZVI under microwave irradiation. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that microwave irradiation promoted the transformation of reduced Cr(III) into the stable FeCr2O4 mineral and the excellent long-term stability of the remediated SAHCR soil. These findings can provide a perspective for advanced remediation of the difficult-to-treat SAHCR soil by the synergism of microwave irradiation with the iron-sulfur based reducing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Yujia Zhang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Lin Yu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Kaiting Cao
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Mengying Si
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Qi Liao
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Feiping Zhao
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Weichun Yang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, PR China.
| | - Zhihui Yang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, PR China
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13
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Xi Y, Xie T, Liu Y, Wu Y, Liu H, Su Z, Huang Y, Yuan X, Zhang C, Li X. Carboxymethyl cellulose stabilized ferrous sulfide@extracellular polymeric substance for Cr(VI) removal: Characterization, performance, and mechanism. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 425:127837. [PMID: 34883376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Iron-based materials, especially ferrous sulfide (FeS), effectively remediate chromium pollution. However, the agglomeration of FeS reduces its reactivity to chromium. Herein, carboxymethyl cellulose stabilized ferrous sulfide@extracellular polymeric substance (CMC-FeS@EPS) was developed to remove hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from water. CMC-FeS@EPS (98.00%) exhibited excellent removal efficiency of 40 mg/L Cr(VI) than those of FeS (57.35%) and CMC-FeS (68.60%). CMC-FeS@EPS showed good removal efficiency of Cr(VI) in wide pH range (from 4 to 9) and the co-existence of ions. FTIR and XPS results demonstrated that EPS functional group accelerated the process of adsorption and precipitation. Electrochemical results showed that CMC-FeS@EPS transferred electrons to Cr(VI) faster than CMC-FeS. In total, this study started from a new idea of using EPS to improve the performance of CMC-FeS, and provided a simple and effective way to remediate chromium pollution without secondary pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Xi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Tanghuan Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yanfen Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yangtao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, PR China
| | - Huinian Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Zhu Su
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yicai Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xingzhong Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chang Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
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14
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Gao G, Zhang L, Shi Y, Yang S, Wang G, Xu H, Ding D, Chen R, Jin P, Wang XC. Mutual-activation between Zero-Valent iron and graphitic carbon for Cr(VI) Removal: Mechanism and inhibition of inherent Side-reaction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 608:588-598. [PMID: 34628318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The low reactivity of zero-valent iron (ZVI) usually limits its application for pollutant remediation. Therefore, a microscopic galvanic cell (mGC) with short-circuited cathode and anode was synthesized to intensify its galvanic corrosion. The prepared mGC exhibited 7.14 times higher Fe(II) release performance than ordinary nanoscale-ZVI (nZVI), rendering efficient Cr(VI) removal performance. Density functional theory (DFT) revealed mutual-activation of the cathode and anode due to close proximity, dramatically enhancing the galvanic corrosion of Fe(0) in mGC. The corrosion potential of mGC was measured as -0.77 V, which was 100 mV more negative than nZVI. The released electrons and surface-bond Fe(II) from anode in mGC was proved to be the dominant reductive species. More importantly, Cr(VI) reduction was slightly inhibited by hydroxyl radicals generated by a series of inherent side-reactions in the system, which could be well eliminated by low concentrations of 4-acetamido phenol. This study provides a promising strategy for ZVI activation, and sheds light on its environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Gao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13, Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13, Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Yixin Shi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13, Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Shengjiong Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13, Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China.
| | - Gen Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13, Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Huining Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13, Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Dahu Ding
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1, Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Rongzhi Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academic of Science, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Pengkang Jin
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13, Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13, Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
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15
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Ao M, Chen X, Deng T, Sun S, Tang Y, Morel JL, Qiu R, Wang S. Chromium biogeochemical behaviour in soil-plant systems and remediation strategies: A critical review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127233. [PMID: 34592592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is a toxic heavy metal that is heavily discharged into the soil environment due to its widespread use and mining. High Cr levels may pose toxic hazards to plants, animals and humans, and thus have attracted global attention. Recently, much progress has been made in elucidating the mechanisms of Cr uptake, transport and accumulation in soil-plant systems, aiming to reduce the toxicity and ecological risk of Cr in soil; however, these topics have not been critically reviewed and summarised to date. Accordingly, based on available data-especially from the last five years (2017-2021)-this review traces a plausible link among Cr sources, levels, chemical forms, and phytoavailability in soil; Cr accumulation and translocation in plants; and Cr phytotoxicity and detoxification in plants. Additionally, given the toxicity and hazard posed by Cr(VI) in soils and the application of reductant materials to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III) for the remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated soils, the reduction and immobilisation mechanisms by organic and inorganic reductants are summarised. Finally, some priority research challenges concerning the biogeochemical behaviour of Cr in soil-plant systems are highlighted, as well as the environmental impacts resulting from the application of reductive materials and potential research prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tenghaobo Deng
- Public Monitoring Center for Agro-Product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shengsheng Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yetao Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jean Louis Morel
- Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, UMR 1120, Université de Lorraine, INRAE, 54518 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Shizhong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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16
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Yao Y, Hu X, Zhang Y, He H, Li S. Visible light promoted the removal of tetrabromobisphenol A from water by humic acid-FeS colloid. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 289:133192. [PMID: 34890606 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ferrous sulfide (FeS) and humic acid (HA) are typical black substances in black bloom water. Based on the strong reduction ability of FeS and the photosensitivity of HA, the transformation of toxic organic pollutants by the combination of FeS and HA (HA-FeS) is not clear. In order to explore this issue, the stability of HA-FeS was analyzed by measuring the hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential of HA-FeS, and then the removal mechanism and possible degradation pathway of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) by HA-FeS under continuous illumination were discussed. The results showed that the hydrodynamic diameter of FeS was reduced and the stability of FeS was improved, and it was easily suspended after FeS combined with the HA in the water. The combination of HA and FeS promoted the removal of TBBPA in water, no matter it was in the presence or absence of light. Besides, compared with the absence of light, the removal efficiency of TBBPA was improved by HA-FeS with continuous light. There were two reasons for the increase in the removal efficiency of TBBPA by HA-FeS. On the one hand, Fe2+ and S2- of HA-FeS had more stable chemical valence and obtained better reducibility under continuous light than that in the dark. On the other hand, light induced the release of active species (O2-, 1O2, and OH) in the HA-FeS composite colloid and further promoted the degradation of organic pollutants. Therefore, the black substances (FeS) of black blooms may play a beneficial role in the removal of pollutants under sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youru Yao
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Regional Response in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin, Anhui Province, School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Xin Hu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Shiyin Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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17
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Liu J, Peng C, Shi X. Preparation, characterization, and applications of Fe-based catalysts in advanced oxidation processes for organics removal: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 293:118565. [PMID: 34822943 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fe-based catalysts as low-cost, high-efficiency, and non-toxic materials display superior catalytic performances in activating hydrogen peroxide, persulfate (PS), peracetic acid (PAA), percarbonate (PC), and ozone to degrade organic contaminants in aqueous solutions. They mainly include ferrous salts, zero-valent iron, iron-metal composites, iron sulfides, iron oxyhydroxides, iron oxides, and supported iron-based catalysts, which have been widely applied in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). However, there is lack of a comprehensive review systematically reporting their synthesis, characterization, and applications. It is imperative to evaluate the catalytic performances of various Fe-based catalysts in diverse AOPs systems and reveal the activation mechanisms of different oxidants by Fe-based catalysts. This work detailedly summarizes the synthesis methods and characterization technologies of Fe-based catalysts. This paper critically evaluates the catalytic performances of Fe-based catalysts in diverse AOPs systems. The effects of solution pH, reaction temperature, coexisting ions, oxidant concentration, catalyst dosage, and external energy on the degradation of organic contaminants in the Fe-based catalyst/oxidant systems and the stability of Fe-based catalysts are also discussed. The activation mechanisms of various oxidants and the degradation pathways of organic contaminants in the Fe-based catalyst/oxidant systems are revealed by a series of novel detection methods and characterization technologies. Future research prospects on the potential preparation means of Fe-based catalysts, practical applications, assistive technologies, and impact in AOPs are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Liu
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China.
| | - Changsheng Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health and Land Resource, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, 526061, China
| | - Xiangli Shi
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
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18
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Nano-Enable Materials Promoting Sustainability and Resilience in Modern Agriculture. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11082068. [PMID: 34443899 PMCID: PMC8398611 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Intensive conventional agriculture and climate change have induced severe ecological damages and threatened global food security, claiming a reorientation of agricultural management and public policies towards a more sustainable development model. In this context, nanomaterials promise to support this transition by promoting mitigation, enhancing productivity, and reducing contamination. This review gathers recent research innovations on smart nanoformulations and delivery systems improving crop protection and plant nutrition, nanoremediation strategies for contaminated soils, nanosensors for plant health and food quality and safety monitoring, and nanomaterials as smart food-packaging. It also highlights the impact of engineered nanomaterials on soil microbial communities, and potential environmental risks, along with future research directions. Although large-scale production and in-field testing of nano-agrochemicals are still ongoing, the collected information indicates improvements in uptake, use efficiency, targeted delivery of the active ingredients, and reduction of leaching and pollution. Nanoremediation seems to have a low negative impact on microbial communities while promoting biodiversity. Nanosensors enable high-resolution crop monitoring and sustainable management of the resources, while nano-packaging confers catalytic, antimicrobial, and barrier properties, preserving food safety and preventing food waste. Though, the application of nanomaterials to the agri-food sector requires a specific risk assessment supporting proper regulations and public acceptance.
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19
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Hou R, Wang L, Shen Z, Alessi DS, Hou D. Simultaneous reduction and immobilization of Cr(VI) in seasonally frozen areas: Remediation mechanisms and the role of ageing. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125650. [PMID: 34088176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Among the toxic metals, hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] has attracted much attention due to its high mobility and toxicity, rendering considerable challenges for long-term remediation. In this study, the soil was collected from a dichromate contaminated industrial site in Liaoning Province, a seasonally frozen area in northern China, and subjected to frequent freeze-thaw cycles. Three additives, including (i) ferrous sulfate; (ii) calcium polysulfide; and (iii) combined biochar and calcium polysulfide were applied to reduce and immobilize Cr(VI) in the soils. The samples underwent 28 days of incubation followed by 16 freeze-thaw cycles. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and simulated acid rain leaching were adopted to test the remediation performances. It was observed that all three treatments can significantly reduce and immobilize Cr(VI) after short-term incubation, while biochar with abundant functional groups could adsorb and reduce Cr(VI) effectively. Notably, the concentration of Cr(VI) in TCLP leachates after incubation in combined treatment decreased by 67.87% and 37.27%, respectively, compared with the application of ferrous sulfate or calcium polysulfide alone. Freeze-thaw cycles induced the disintegration of soil particles and increased the risk of contaminant mobilization. Conversely, biochar particles has become finer and even produced nanoparticles with ageing, accompanied by the increase in oxygen-containing surface functional groups. Additionally, the specific surface area increased with the pyrolysis of biochar, which further enhanced the retention of soil colloidal particles and suppressed the migration of contaminants. Therefore, the cumulative release of Cr(VI) in the combined treatment (i.e., 10.97 ~ 32.97 mg/kg) was much lower than that of the other two treatments after freeze-thaw ageing. Overall, the combination of biochar and calcium polysulfide displayed advantages in the reduction and immobilization of Cr(VI), and offered a long-term, effective strategy for the remediation of Cr(VI) contaminated soils in cold regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liuwei Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhengtao Shen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Daniel S Alessi
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Yang Z, Zhang X, Jiang Z, Li Q, Huang P, Zheng C, Liao Q, Yang W. Reductive materials for remediation of hexavalent chromium contaminated soil - A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145654. [PMID: 33582355 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chemical reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) by reductive materials is the most widely used technology for the remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated soil due to its high efficiency, adaptability and low cost. This paper reviews chromium chemistry and the materials that can effectively reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III) for the remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated soil, namely iron-bearing reductants, sulfur-based compounds and organic amendments. Moreover, we discuss the corresponding mechanisms involved in the process of immobilization of Cr(VI) in polluted soil, and emphasize the relationship between the materials remediation performance and soil environmental conditions. Besides, perspectives on the potential future researches of novel materials design and technological development in the remediation of Cr(VI) contaminated soil are also put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Yang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China
| | - Zhi Jiang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China
| | - Peicheng Huang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China
| | - Chujing Zheng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China
| | - Qi Liao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Weichun Yang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, PR China.
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21
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Huang J, Shi B, Han W, Qiu S, Li H, Hou P, Wu W, Tang J. Effect of pH on hexavalent chromium removal driven by henna (Lawsonia inermis) fermentation. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Nguyen QA, Kim B, Chung HY, Nguyen AQK, Kim J, Kim K. Reductive transformation of hexavalent chromium by ferrous ions in a frozen environment: Mechanism, kinetics, and environmental implications. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111735. [PMID: 33396064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The transformation between hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) and trivalent chromium (Cr3+) has a significant impact on ecosystems, as Cr6+ has higher levels of toxicity than Cr3+. In this regard, a variety of Cr6+ reduction processes occurring in natural environments have been studied extensively. In this work, we investigate the reductive transformation of Cr6+ by ferrous ions (Fe2+) in ice at -20 °C, and compare the same process in water at 25 °C. The Fe2+-mediated reduction of Cr6+ occurred much faster in ice than it did in water. The accelerated reduction of Cr6+ in ice is primarily ascribed to the accumulation of Cr6+, Fe2+, and protons in the grain boundaries formed during freezing, which constitutes favorable conditions for redox reactions between Cr6+ and Fe2+. This freeze concentration phenomenon was verified using UV-visible spectroscopy with o-cresolsulfonephthalein (as a pH indicator) and confocal Raman spectroscopy. The reductive transformation of Cr6+ (20 µM) by Fe2+ in ice proceeded rapidly under various Fe2+ concentrations (20-140 µM), pH values (2.0-5.0), and freezing temperatures (-10 to -30 °C) with a constant molar ratio of oxidized Fe2+ to reduced Cr6+ (3:1). This result implies that the proposed mechanism (i.e., the redox reaction between Cr6+ and Fe2+ in ice) can significantly contribute to the natural conversion of Cr6+ in cold regions. The Fe2+-mediated Cr6+ reduction kinetics in frozen Cr6+-contaminated wastewater was similar to that in frozen Cr6+ solution. This indicates that the variety of substrates typically present in electroplating wastewater have a negligible effect on the redox reaction between Cr6+ and Fe2+ in ice; it also proposes that the Fe2+/freezing process can be used for the treatment of Cr6+-contaminated wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quoc Anh Nguyen
- Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea; Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Bomi Kim
- Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea; Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Young Chung
- Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea; Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Anh Quoc Khuong Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwon Kim
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kitae Kim
- Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea; Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea.
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