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Fan X, Wu X, Wang X, Zheng L, Liu Y, Zhang D. Eliminating the stabilizer antagonistic effects for efficiently stabilizing Pb and As co-contaminated soil by innovative stepwise steam flash heating. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 473:134627. [PMID: 38776818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Chemical stabilization is frequently used to stabilize lead (Pb) or arsenate (As), but faces challenges in Pb-As co-contaminated soils because of the antagonistic reactions between chemical stabilizers and contaminants. In this work, we innovated an effective and cost-efficient stepwise steam flash heating (SSFH) strategy to simultaneously immobilize Pb and As, and unraveled the underlying mechanisms. The combination of 1.5% Ca(H2PO4)2 and 2% Fe2(SO4)3 only decreased 1.99% Pb by toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP-Pb) but increased 17.8% of TCLP-As due to the antagonistic effects. SSFH with Ca(H2PO4)2 in the first step and Fe2(SO4)3 in the second step achieved the minimal TCLP-Pb and TCLP-As of 0.778 and 0.327 mg/L, respectively. It also reduced 69.8% of leachable As in 100-year acid rain simulation, indicating a favorable long-term stabilization performance. Additionally, SSFH approach reduced 43.2% stabilizer dosage and 14.9% cost. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) documented that the stepwise SFH promoted the transformation of Pb(NO3)2 and NaAsO2/NaAsO3/As2O3/As2O5 into stable Pb3(PO4)2 and FeAsO4, preventing the formation of AsO43- and FePO4. Our findings proved the state-of-the-art SSFH approach and unraveled its mechanisms to stabilize Pb and As co-contamination in soils, offering a green and sustainable remediation alternative for the management of heavy metal contaminated sites. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: A novel stepwise SFH approach can be applied to overcome the stabilizer antagonist effects by separately immobilizing Pb and As in two sequential steps. It also decreased 43.2% of stabilizer dosage and 14.9% of cost comparing to conventional chemical stabilization. This approach can be used for other metal co-contaminated soils facing similar antagonistic challenges, and our work raises a state-of-the-art solution for cost-effective, green and sustainable remediation practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Fan
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Xue Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua, Suzhou 215163, PR China
| | - Xinzi Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Dayi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-restoration, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, PR China.
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He ZH, Ni YQ, Shi JY, Rong H, Tao HY, Jamal AS. Upcycling textile sludge into magnesium oxychloride cement: Physical properties, microstructure, and leaching behavior. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171416. [PMID: 38447715 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Textile sludge is a by-product produced during the wastewater treatment process in the textile printing and dyeing industry. Textile sludge is rich in heavy metal elements, which makes it a potential risk to the surrounding environment. This study designs a magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) components to solidify harmful substances in textile sludge and studies the influence of textile sludge ash (TSA) on the mechanical properties and microstructure of MOC samples. The results indicated that adding 5 %-20 % TSA is beneficial for increasing the compressive strength of air-cured MOC paste and improving its water resistance. Meanwhile, the MOC sample shows volume expansion in 168 h, which is related to the further hydration of residual MgO. Incorporating 10 %-20 % TSA substantially increased the volume expansion ratio of the mixture compared to plain MOC sample. In addition, the porosity of TSA-modified MOC after water curing did not change significantly compared to the sample before water curing, while the pore structure of plain MOC after water curing significantly coarsened. This is mainly because TSA reacts with MOC and generates Mg-Al-Cl-Si-H and Mg-Cl-Si-H gels, consequently improving the water stability of MOC sample. At the nanoscale, the 3/5-phase crystal and unreacted MgO content in the 15 % TSA-modified MOC sample is relatively reduced by 7.79 % and 25 %, respectively, compared to the plain sample, but the 13 % gel phase is detected. In addition, the MOC component can effectively solidify heavy metal elements in textile sludge. For the leachate of 20 % TSA-modified MOC paste, the Ni element is not detected, and its solidifying effect on heavy elements such as Zn and Mn exceeded 99 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hai He
- College of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China; Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics and Geohazards of Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Ya-Qian Ni
- College of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Jin-Yan Shi
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China.
| | - Hui Rong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Hong-Yu Tao
- Yuanpei College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Ahmed Salah Jamal
- Civil Engineering Department, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
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Zhang Y, Fu P, Ni W, Zhang S, Li S, Deng W, Hu W, Li J, Pei F, Du L, Wang Y. A review of solid wastes-based stabilizers for remediating heavy metals co-contaminated soil: Applications and challenges. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 920:170667. [PMID: 38331289 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The remediation of heavy metals/metalloids (HMs) co-contaminated soil by solid wastes-based stabilizers (SWBS) has received major concern recently. Based on the literature reported in the latest years (2010-2023), this review systematically summarizes the different types of solid wastes (e.g., steel slag, coal fly ash, red mud, and sewage sludge, etc.) employed to stabilize HMs contaminated soil, and presents results from laboratory and field experiments. Firstly, the suitable solid wastes for soil remediation are reviewed, and the pros and cons are presented. Thereafter, the technical feasibility and economic benefit are evaluated for field application. Moreover, evaluation methods for remediation of different types of HMs-contaminated soil and the effects of SWBS on soil properties are summarized. Finally, due to the large specific surface, porous structure, and high reactivity, the SWBS can effectively stabilize HMs via adsorption, complexation, co/precipitation, ion exchange, electrostatic interaction, redox, and hydration process. Importantly, the environmental implications and long-term effectiveness associated with the utilization of solid wastes are highlighted, which are challenges for practical implementation of soil stabilization using SWBS, because the aging of soil/solid wastes has not been thoroughly investigated. Future attention should focus on modifying the SWBS and establishing an integrated long-term stability evaluation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Zhang
- School of Civil and Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Pingfeng Fu
- School of Civil and Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Wen Ni
- School of Civil and Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- School of Civil and Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Sheng Li
- School of Civil and Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei Deng
- School of Civil and Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wentao Hu
- School of Civil and Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Civil and Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fuyun Pei
- CECEP Tech and Ecology & Environment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518017, China
| | - Linfeng Du
- CECEP Tech and Ecology & Environment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518017, China
| | - Yueling Wang
- CECEP Tech and Ecology & Environment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518017, China
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Zhou Y, Cui Y, Yang J, Chen L, Qi J, Zhang L, Zhang J, Huang Q, Zhou T, Zhao Y, Liu Z, Li B. Roles of red mud in remediation of contaminated soil in mining areas: Mechanisms, advances and perspectives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 356:120608. [PMID: 38508008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Red mud (RM) is a kind of strong alkaline solid waste produced from the aluminum industry, which contributes significantly to environmental pollution and can cause severe health issues.Currently, RM is widely recognized as a potential material for soil remediation because of its rich metal oxide content, such as Fe/Al oxides. However, there is no comprehensive description on the roles of RM in passivation remediation of contaminated soil in mining areas. This review summarizes the mechanisms of passivation of heavy metals (HMs) in contaminated soil by RM, including precipitation, adsorption and ion exchange. Besides the effects of adding RM on soil physicochemical properties, heavy metal forms and ecological environment are further elaborated. Moreover, using the co-hydrothermal carbonization of RM and biomass for enhancing the efficiency of contaminated soil remediation is proposed as the main prospective research. This paper provides technical references for the resource utilization of RM and the treatment of heavy metal-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - YuTing Cui
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Jinzhong Yang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Ling Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Jiamin Qi
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Liping Zhang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Jin Zhang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Qifei Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Tao Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Youcai Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Zewei Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Ramdhani EP, Santoso E, Holilah H, Nugraha RE, Bahruji H, Suprapto S, Jalil AA, Asikin-Mijan N, Akhlus S, Prasetyoko D. Direct synthesis of Fe-aluminosilicates from red mud for catalytic deoxygenation of waste cooking oil. RSC Adv 2023; 13:31989-31999. [PMID: 37915446 PMCID: PMC10617586 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05910c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Conversion of red mud (RM) that contains a high level of silica, alumina and iron minerals into heterogenous catalysts, offers a route for the utilization of abundant toxic by-products of bauxite refining. In this study, the conversion of red mud into mesoporous Fe-aluminosilicate produced selective catalysts for the deoxygenation of waste cooking oil to green diesel hydrocarbons. Direct conversion of red mud in the presence cetyltrimethylammonium bromide into Fe-aluminosilicate (RM-CTA) produced a highly mesoporous structure with oligomeric Fe2O3 clusters within the pores. When red mud was treated with citric acid (RM-CA-CTA), a wide distribution of Fe2O3 particles was obtained on the aluminosilicate external surface. TEM analysis showed a well-defined hexagonal mesoporosity of Fe-aluminosilicate obtained from untreated red mud, while the treated red mud produced lower regularity mesopores. RM-CTA exhibits 60% WCO conversion and 83.72% selectivity towards liquid products with 80.44% diesel hydrocarbon (C11-C18) yield. The high selectivity was due to the high acidity of Fe-aluminosilicate to dissociate the C-O bond and the regularity of mesostructure for efficient hydrocarbon diffusion, preventing a cracking reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eka Putra Ramdhani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Keputih, Sukolilo Surabaya 60111 Indonesia
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Raja Ali Haji Maritime University Dompak Tanjungpinang Indonesia
| | - Eko Santoso
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Keputih, Sukolilo Surabaya 60111 Indonesia
| | - Holilah Holilah
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN) Cibinong 16911 Indonesia
| | - Reva Edra Nugraha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur Surabaya East Java 60294 Indonesia
| | - Hasliza Bahruji
- Centre of Advanced Material and Energy Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam Jalan Tungku Link, BE 1410 Brunei
| | - Suprapto Suprapto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Keputih, Sukolilo Surabaya 60111 Indonesia
| | - Aishah Abdul Jalil
- Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Skudai Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Skudai Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Nurul Asikin-Mijan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 UKM Bangi Selangor Malaysia
| | - Syafsir Akhlus
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Keputih, Sukolilo Surabaya 60111 Indonesia
| | - Didik Prasetyoko
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Keputih, Sukolilo Surabaya 60111 Indonesia
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Liu YZ, Wang JF, Fan HY, He T, Wang DY, Zhou HZ, Li QS. Arsenic pollution, geochemical fractions, and leaching characteristics in soil samples from four contaminated sites in the Beijiang River Basin, South China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:108917-108927. [PMID: 37755597 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
To remediate historically polluted sites before their land-use changes, it is essential to understand the concentration distribution, geochemical fraction, and migratory behavior of As in soil with varied particle sizes for the use of a sieving procedure. This study investigated the amount and percentage of As in soil with different particle sizes (0.25, 0.25-1, and 1-2 mm) as well as its toxicity characteristic in leaching procedure at four previously contaminated sites in the Beijiang River Basin, South China. The results showed that the total As concentration in the collected soils ranged from 70.1 to 402.8 mg/kg, and only a few percent of soil particle samples had As contents below the local risk threshold value of 60 mg/kg. The amorphous hydrous oxide bound, crystalline hydrous oxide bound, and residual fractions (F3-F5) of the geochemical fraction of As in soil of polluted sites accounted for 82.2-95.7% of the total As distribution. However, the concentration of As in non-specifically bound fractions increased with the mass ratio of soil with coarse particle sizes due to the negative correlation of Fe-bearing minerals concentration with the mass ratio of soil with coarse particle size. According to redundancy analysis, soil with coarse particle sizes and non-specifically bound As were mostly responsible for the As concentration in the leachate. These findings confirmed that a sieving process was not suitable for the remediation of soil As at four historically contaminated sites in the Beijiang River Basin due to the high concentration of As in soil and non-negligible environmental risk of labile extractable As in soil with coarse particle size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zhong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jun-Feng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Han-Yun Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Tao He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Dao-Yuan Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Huan-Zhan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qu-Sheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Luo W, Li B, Xu M, Pang C, Lester E, Xu L, Kow KW. In-situ release and sequestration of CO 2 in cement composites using LTA zeolites. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 872:162133. [PMID: 36773918 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigates the impact of in-situ release and sequestration of CO2 on the compressive strength, volume of permeable voids, phase change, hydration reaction, and micro-morphology of cement mortars. Two Linde Type A (LTA) zeolites with micro-pore dimensions of 5 Å and 4 Å (i.e., LTA 5A and 4A zeolites) were employed as CO2 carriers herein. The incorporation of 312 wt% plain LTA 5A and 4A zeolites increases the 1-day compressive strength of the mortars. However, the use of plain LTA 5A zeolite shows marginal contributions to the 7 and 28-day compressive strengths of the mortars, whilst using plain LTA 4A zeolite even deteriorates their 7 and 28-day compressive strengths. The micro-structural analyses reveal that the addition of LTA zeolites promotes the cement hydration and improves the mean chain length (MCL) of calcium aluminosilicate hydrates (C-A-S-H). Nevertheless, this introduces numerous weak points or even a porous structure to the cement matrix. In contrast, in-situ release of CO2 via LTA zeolites significantly enhances the compressive strengths of the mortars at various ages, as this can further facilitate the hydration evolution and improve the MCL of C-A-S-H. Moreover, in-situ release of CO2 brings an incremental content of calcium carbonates. The calcium carbonate contents in the specimens containing 12 wt% LTA 5A and 4A zeolites are increased by 5.3 wt% and 4.8 wt%, respectively. This leads to homogenous distributions of calcite with a grain size of 150600 nm. Thus, LTA 5A zeolite outperforms LTA 4A zeolite with regard to CO2 uptake and the corresponding mechanical properties. This work presents in initial exploration into the application of porous pozzolanic materials in conjunction of CO2 in cement-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Luo
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang Road, Ningbo 315100, China; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang Road, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang Road, Ningbo 315100, China; Key Laboratory for Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and Process Intensification Research of Zhejiang Province, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China; New Materials Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Mengxia Xu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang Road, Ningbo 315100, China; Key Laboratory for Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and Process Intensification Research of Zhejiang Province, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China; New Materials Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Chengheng Pang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang Road, Ningbo 315100, China; Key Laboratory for Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and Process Intensification Research of Zhejiang Province, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Edward Lester
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Liujie Xu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
| | - Kien-Woh Kow
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang Road, Ningbo 315100, China; Key Laboratory for Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and Process Intensification Research of Zhejiang Province, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China.
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Iqbal N, Tanzeem-ul-Haq HS, Gull-e-Faran, Turan V, Iqbal M. Soil Amendments and Foliar Melatonin Reduced Pb Uptake, and Oxidative Stress, and Improved Spinach Quality in Pb-Contaminated Soil. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1829. [PMID: 37176896 PMCID: PMC10180591 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Amending Pb-affected soil with biochar (BH) and magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKC) reduces Pb uptake in plants. Moreover, foliar applications of melatonin and proline are also known to reduce plant oxidative stress and Pb uptake. However, little is known about combining both techniques, i.e., adding a combo immobilizing dose (CIA = mixture of BH and MKC at 50:50 ratio) in Pb-polluted soil and foliar application of proline and melatonin for reducing Pb uptake and oxidative stress in spinach. Control, proline, melatonin, CIA, CIA+proline, and CIA+melatonin were the treatments utilized in this pot study to see their effects on reducing plant oxidative stress, Pb uptake, and improving spinach quality in Pb-polluted soil. Moreover, Pb bioavailability, enzymatic activities, and numbers of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes in the soil were also evaluated. The effect of CIA on reducing Pb in the soil-plant system and improving soil enzymes and microbial numbers was more pronounced than melatonin alone. The most effective treatment was CIA+melatonin reducing Pb availability in soil (77%), shoots (95%), and roots (84%), alleviating oxidative stress, and improving plant biomass (98%) and nutrients. Soil enzymatic activities and the number of microorganisms in the rhizosphere were also highest with CIA+melatonin. Results highlight the significance of CIA+melatonin, as an inexpensive approach, in remediating Pb-polluted soil and improving spinach quality. However, further research is needed to understand the significance of CIA+melatonin on different crops and various soil Pb concentrations before employing this technique commercially in agriculture and environment sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Syed Tanzeem-ul-Haq
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Gull-e-Faran
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Veysel Turan
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Bingöl University, 12000 Bingöl, Turkey;
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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9
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Han L, Li J, Fei X, Wang M, Liu S, Zhang X, Xue Q. Stabilization and strengthening of chromium(VI)-contaminated soil via magnesium ascorbyl phosphate (MAP) and phytase addition. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130860. [PMID: 36709739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cr(VI) contamination of soil threatens the environment and reduces soil strength. Therefore, both Cr(VI) stabilization and soil reinforcement should be considered in site remediation for future construction. This study investigated a biochemical treatment process using magnesium ascorbyl phosphate (MAP) and phytase. MAP was hydrolyzed via phytase catalysis to produce ascorbic acid (AA) and MgHPO4·3H2O precipitation. The AA reduced Cr(VI) into low-toxic Cr(III), which precipitated as Cr(OH)3 and CrPO4. More than 90% of the 500 mg/kg Cr(VI) in soil was reduced by 5% MAP (wt% of soil) and 1% phytase (vol/vol of soil water) doses at the geotechnically optimal soil moisture content of 16.8%. The MgHPO4·3H2O precipitates filled soil pores and enhanced the unconfined compression strength of treated soil by more than two times. This research reports a novel and practical enzymatically induced phosphate precipitation process for the remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiangshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; IRSM-CAS/HK PolyU Joint Laboratory on Solid Waste Science, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Xunchang Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore; Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, 1 Cleantech Loop, 637141, Singapore
| | - Mengqi Wang
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xianwei Zhang
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Qiang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; IRSM-CAS/HK PolyU Joint Laboratory on Solid Waste Science, Wuhan 430071, China.
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10
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Tan Y, Zhang Z, Yang D, Dong J, Cheng X, Yu H. Immobilization of Zn(Ⅱ) and Cu(Ⅱ) in basic magnesium-sulfate-cementitious material system: Properties and mechanism. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 446:130720. [PMID: 36610345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To solve the environmental problems caused by heavy metal pollution, a new cementitious material (basic magnesium sulfate cement, BMSC) was developed for the solidification of Cu2+/Zn2+. First, the effects of different amounts of Cu2+/Zn2+ on the properties (compressive strength, setting time, pH, and leaching toxicity) of the BMSC were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) were used to investigate the effects of different amounts of Cu2+/Zn2+ on the phase and microstructure of BMSC. The results showed that Cu2+/Zn2+ inhibited the hydration of BMSC, reduced compressive strength, and prolonged the setting time. The results of the leaching tests showed that the BMSC system exhibited high immobilization efficiency (up to 99%) for Cu2+/Zn2+. Further, the BMSC solidification matrix exhibited excellent acid resistance (compressive strength >40 MPa after 28 days of immersion). The physical phase analysis showed that the main phases of BMSC were the 5Mg(OH)2-MgSO4-7 H2O (5-1-7) phase and Mg(OH)2, and the crystal structure refinement analysis suggested that Cu2+/Zn2+ ions were substituted with Mg2+ in the 5-1-7 phase. It was confirmed that the solidification mechanism of BMSC on Cu2+/Zn2+ is mainly performed by chemical complexation and ionic substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshan Tan
- College of Civil Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China.
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- College of Civil Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Dingyi Yang
- College of Civil Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China.
| | - Jinmei Dong
- Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
| | - Xiangyi Cheng
- College of Civil Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Hongfa Yu
- Department of Civil and Airport Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
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11
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Cao X, Zhang Q, Yang W, Fang L, Liu S, Ma R, Guo K, Ma N. Lead-chlorine synergistic immobilization mechanism in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWIFA)-based magnesium potassium phosphate cement. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 442:130038. [PMID: 36166907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The high chlorine (Cl) and lead (Pb) content characteristics of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWIFA) pose environmental risks and hinder resource utilization. Herein, an MSWIFA-based magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKPC) preparation strategy was developed, which allowed the MSWIFA recycling and the Pb-Cl synergistic immobilization without the washing pretreatment. The compressive strength of the resulting 10 wt% MSWIFA-based MKPC was 28.44 MPa, with over 99.2% reduction in leaching toxicity of Pb and Cl. The high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscope (HAADF-STEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) analyzes showed that Pb, phosphate and Cl- formed Pb5(PO4)3Cl in MKPC. In-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests showed that Pb3(PO4)2 was gradually transformed to Pb5(PO4)3Cl through a dissolution-precipitation process. The formation energy, Bader charge, charge density difference and density of states (DOS) of Pb5(PO4)3Cl were analyzed by first-principles calculations, confirming that Pb5(PO4)3Cl was more thermodynamically stable than Pb3(PO4)2 and PbCl2 and that electronic interactions between Pb-p, O-p, P-p and Cl-p orbits were the origin of Pb-Cl synergistic immobilization. This work provides a new strategy for the resource utilization of MSWIFA without washing pretreatment, and provides an in-depth understanding of the Pb-Cl synergistic immobilization mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Cao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qiushi Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Weichen Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Lin Fang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shiwei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Rui Ma
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ning Ma
- China Electronic System Engineering Co.,Ltd, Beijing 100040, China
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12
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Zhou X, Zhang ZF, Bao CJ, Chen MJ, Pan G, Wan R, Wang JS, Liu Y, Yang H. Impact of H 2O on the Microscopic Oxidation Mechanism of Lollingite: Experimental and Theoretical Analyses. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:1019-1033. [PMID: 36629142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lollingite (FeAs2) is considered an arsenic-bearing mineral that is oxidized faster than arsenopyrite. The geometric configuration, chemical valence bond, and microscopic reaction of the oxidation on the surface of lollingite were systematically studied, which are of great significance for understanding the mechanism of oxidative dissolution. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to characterize the (101) surface oxidation process of lollingite under the O2/O2 + H2O conditions. XPS results confirmed that the participation of water molecules can promote the formation of abundant OH structures on the surface of lollingite, while the relative concentration of O, As(III), and Fe(III) increased. Moreover, the DFT results demonstrated that the (101) As-terminal plane of FeAs2 was the most stable surface with the lowest surface energy. H2O molecules were physically adsorbed onto the Fe atoms of the lollingite surface, while oxygen molecules can readily be adsorbed on the Fe-As2 site by chemical adsorption processes. The oxidation process of the lollingite surface with water includes the following mechanisms: adsorption, dissociation, formation of the hydrogen bond, and desorption. The dissociation of the H2O molecule into OH and H led to the hydroxylation of both Fe and As atoms and the formation of hydrogen bonding. The participation of H2O molecules can also reduce the reaction energy barrier and accelerate the oxidation reaction of the lollingite surface, especially as far as the water dissociation and formation of hydrogen bonds are concerned. According to PDOS data, there is considerable hybridization between the d orbitals of bonded Fe atoms and the p orbitals of O atoms, as well as between the p orbitals of bonded As atoms and the p orbitals of O atoms. Due to a strong propensity for orbital hybridization and bonding between the s orbitals of the H atoms in H2O molecules and the p orbitals of the O atoms on the (101) surface, water molecules have the ability to speed up the oxidation on the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhou
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650093, China
- Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute Company Limited, Kunming650031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming650093, China
| | - Zheng-Fu Zhang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650093, China
| | - Chong-Jun Bao
- Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute Company Limited, Kunming650031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming650093, China
| | - Man-Jiao Chen
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650093, China
| | - Gechuanqi Pan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Guandong523808, China
| | - Rundong Wan
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650093, China
| | - Jin-Song Wang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650093, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650093, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650093, China
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13
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Bah A, Jin J, Ramos AO, Bao Y, Ma M, Li F. Arsenic(V) immobilization in fly ash and mine tailing-based geopolymers: Performance and mechanism insight. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 306:135636. [PMID: 35810868 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Global mining activities produce thousands of millions of toxic-bearing mine tailing (MT) wastes each year. Storage of the mine tailings not only encroaches upon large areas of cropland but also arouses additional ecological and environmental risks. Herein we demonstrate that geopolymerization of a mixture of the toxic-bearing mine tailings and the coal fly ash (FA) can effectively immobilize exogenous arsenic (As) species in addition to inherent As from the raw materials. The geopolymers also possess high compressive strengths (e.g., >25 MPa for specimens with 54 wt% FA and activated with 10 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH)), allowing them to be further used as low-carbon, cement-free building materials. The geopolymer strength was found to depend clearly upon the NaOH concentration, the FA content, and the curing time, with the maximum being 37.07 MPa for a specimen with 54 wt% FA, 0.03 wt% As, activated with 10 M NaOH and cured for 28 days. Leaching tests showed that all specimens achieved an immobilization efficiency as high as 95.4% toward As, and that both the short-term and long-term leachabilities of all toxic elements are far below the standard maximum contaminant levels. Microstructural analyses indicate that calcite, calcium silicate, and calcium silicate hydroxide are likely to play a crucial role in immobilizing As species and heavy metals of concern in the geopolymer matrixes. Given the superior mechanical strengths and long-term stabilities, the FA/MT-based geopolymers demonstrate a promising low-carbon material for both the remediation of As-bearing lands and the construction industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alseny Bah
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Andrea O Ramos
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Yang Bao
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Mengyu Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Feihu Li
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, China.
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14
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Zhang W, Jiang M. Efficient remediation of heavily As(III)-contaminated soil using a pre-oxidation and stabilization/solidification technique. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 306:135598. [PMID: 35809746 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The high mobility of As(III) makes it difficult to remediate heavily As(III)-contaminated soil. A novel remediation technique that combines pre-oxidation and stabilization/solidification (PO + S/S) is proposed in this study to remediate heavily As(III)-contaminated soil. After oxidizing As(III) in the contaminated soil using Fenton's reagent, FeCl3·6H2O was used as a chemical stabilizing agent to reduce the toxicity and mobility of As. Finally, Portland cement (PC) was used for solidification. The effects and mechanisms of the proposed technique were studied using unconfined compressive strength tests, leaching tests, sequential extraction procedure (SEP), and a series of spectroscopic/microscopic investigations. The experimental results showed that the addition of FeCl3·6H2O increased the strength of the curing body because the hydration degree of PC and pore structure were improved. Portland cement can increase the pH of the curing body. At a 1:1 Fe to As molar ratio and a 15 wt% PC dosage, the leached As concentration decreased to 3.25 mg L-1, and the remediation efficiency reached 99.54%. The SEP results showed that the PO + S/S treatment converted As into more stable phases and effectively reduced the potential mobile phase risk. The majority of As was bound to hydrated iron oxides; however, the increased pH affected the Fe-As interactions and prompted the release of As from the surface of the hydrated iron oxides. Spectroscopic/microscopic investigations indicated that the PO + S/S treatment converted As(III) to less toxic and less mobile As(V) and then immobilized by the encapsulation of calcium silicate hydrate and ion exchange of ettringite. This study provides a scientific basis and theoretical support for the effective remediation of heavily As(III)-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
| | - Mohan Jiang
- Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institute Co., Ltd., Jinan, 250013, PR China.
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15
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Wang Z, Lu J, Wu C. Preparation of Fe-filled MOF-Al-based hydrogel for efficient reclaim of phosphate from wastewater and reusing as a slow-release fertilizer. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:3329-3340. [PMID: 33886413 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1921051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel Fe-filled MOF-Al-based hydrogel (SA@Fe@MOF-Al) was prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis. The SA@Fe@MOF-Al hydrogel bead was used as an adsorbent to adsorb H2PO4- from wastewater. The effects on adsorption were investigated, including pH and coexist ion. The adsorption reached equilibrium within 30 min. The maximum H2PO4- adsorption capacity of SA@Fe@MOF-Al was 103.09 mg g-1 at 298K with pH 7.0. Meanwhile, thermodynamic results confirmed that adsorption is exothermic and spontaneous. The adsorption kinetics displayed that SA@Fe@MOF-Al adsorption process was suitable to the pseudo-first-order and Langmuir model. Moreover, the feasibility of reusing the P-laden carrier material as a slow-release fertilizer was determined. The study results indicated that the product demonstrated excellent slow-release and water-retention properties. Thus, it has potential applications in improving soil moisture content and reducing soil moisture evaporation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxian Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiankang Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyi Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biologic Resources Protection and Utilization (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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16
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Zhang Y, Wan Z, Wang L, Guo B, Ma B, Chen L, Tsang DCW. Designing Magnesium Phosphate Cement for Stabilization/Solidification of Zn-Rich Electroplating Sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:9398-9407. [PMID: 35735903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electroplating sludge is a hazardous waste due to its high potential to leach toxic elements into the natural environment. To alleviate this issue, we tailored magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) as a low-carbon material for stabilization/solidification (S/S) of Zn-rich electroplating sludge. The interaction between MPC and ZnO was investigated to clarify the precipitate chemistry, microstructure transition, and chemical environment of Zn species in the MPC-treated Zn sludge system. Comprehensive characterization (by X-ray diffraction (XRD), 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS)) and thermodynamic modeling results revealed that the incorporated ZnO preferentially reacted with phosphate to form Zn3(PO4)2·2H2O/Zn3(PO4)2·4H2O, changing the orthophosphate environment in the MPC system. Stronger chemical bonding between Zn and phosphate in comparison to the bonding between Mg and phosphate also resulted in the formation of amorphous Zn3(PO4)2·2H2O/Zn3(PO4)2·4H2O. Zn3(PO4)2·4H2O precipitate appears to predominate at high {K+}{H+}{HPO42-} values, and the formation of Zn3(PO4)2·2H2O/Zn3(PO4)2·4H2O competed for the Mg sites in the MPC system, leading to the inhibition of formation of Mg-phosphate precipitates. Overall, this work uncovers the precipitate chemistry and microstructure transition of Zn species in the MPC system, providing new insights into the sustainable S/S of Zn-contaminated wastes by adopting MPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhonghao Wan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Binglin Guo
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Bin Ma
- Laboratory for Waste Management, Nuclear Energy and Safety, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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17
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Xu ZM, Zhang YX, Wang L, Liu CG, Sun WM, Wang YF, Long SX, He XT, Lin Z, Liang JL, Zhang JX. Rhizobacteria communities reshaped by red mud based passivators is vital for reducing soil Cd accumulation in edible amaranth. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:154002. [PMID: 35231517 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Red mud (RM) was constantly reported to immobilize soil cadmium (Cd) and reduce Cd uptake by crops, but few studies investigated whether and how RM influenced rhizobacteria communities, which was a vital factor determining Cd bioavailability and plant growth. To address this concern, high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics were used to analyze microbiological mechanisms underlying RM application reducing Cd accumulation in edible amaranth. Based on multiple statistical models (Detrended correspondence analysis, Bray-Curtis, weighted UniFrac, and Phylogenetic tree), this study found that RM reduced Cd content in plants not only through increasing rhizosphere soil pH, but by reshaping rhizobacteria communities. Special taxa (Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, and Gemmatimonadota) associated with growth promotion, anti-disease ability, and Cd resistance of plants preferentially colonized in the rhizosphere. Moreover, RM distinctly facilitated soil microbes' proliferation and microbial biofilm formation by up-regulating intracellular organic metabolism pathways and down-regulating cell motility metabolic pathways, and these microbial metabolites/microbial biofilm (e.g., organic acid, carbohydrates, proteins, S2-, and PO43-) and microbial cells immobilized rhizosphere soil Cd via the biosorption and chemical chelation. This study revealed an important role of reshaped rhizobacteria communities acting in reducing Cd content in plants after RM application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Min Xu
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu-Xue Zhang
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Chun-Guang Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Wei-Min Sun
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wang
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Sheng-Xing Long
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiao-Tong He
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Zheng Lin
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Jia-Lin Liang
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Jie-Xiang Zhang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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18
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Biogeochemistry of Iron Enrichment in Groundwater: An Indicator of Environmental Pollution and Its Management. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14127059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is one of the most biochemically active and widely distributed elements and one of the most important elements for biota and human activities. Fe plays important roles in biological and chemical processes. Fe redox reactions in groundwater have been attracting increasing attention in the geochemistry and biogeochemistry fields. This study reviews recent research into Fe redox reactions and biogeochemical Fe enrichment processes, including reduction, biotic and abiotic oxidation, adsorption, and precipitation in groundwater. Fe biogeochemistry in groundwater and the water-bearing medium (aquifer) often involves transformation between Fe(II) and Fe(III) caused by the biochemical conditions of the groundwater system. Human activities and anthropogenic pollutants strongly affect these conditions. Generally speaking, acidification, anoxia and warming of groundwater environments, as well as the inputs of reducing pollutants, are beneficial to the migration of Fe into groundwater (Fe(III)→Fe(II)); conversely, it is beneficial to the migration of it into the media (Fe(II)→Fe(III)). This study describes recent progress and breakthroughs and assesses the biogeochemistry of Fe enrichment in groundwater, factors controlling Fe reactivity, and Fe biogeochemistry effects on the environment. This study also describes the implications of Fe biogeochemistry for managing Fe in groundwater, including the importance of Fe in groundwater monitoring and evaluation, and early groundwater pollution warnings.
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19
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Liu H, Li S, Guo G, Gong L, Zhang L, Qie Y, Hu H, Yao H. Ash formation and the inherent heavy metal partitioning behavior in a 100 t/d hazardous waste incineration plant. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 814:151938. [PMID: 34838913 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hazardous waste incineration (HWI) ash is also defined as hazardous waste and its disposal performance depends largely on the ash compositions as well as the potential environmental risk of heavy metals. In this work, HWI ashes of four sampling sites were collected in a 100 t/d hazardous waste incineration plant with rotary kiln over three consecutive days. The formation characteristics of ash samples including heavy metal partitioning were given, with further discussions on the melting disposal of HWI ash mixtures. Results showed significant differences in the ash compositions among the sampling sites. Caused by NaHCO3 injection as de-acidizing adsorbent, the sum of Na, S and Cl content in bag filter ash even exceeded 70%. Cu/Mn/Cr tended to transfer into the bottom ash due to low volatilities, while Zn/Pb/Cd/Se/As were more likely to be enriched in the ash particles. In particular, chemical adsorption at medium- to high- temperature range was dominant for As enrichment in the waste heat boiler ash. Despite the complexity and diversity of raw hazardous wastes, little difference was found in the melting temperature of bottom ash during the sampling period. However, it could vary by more than 200 °C for fly ash due to the fluctuation of alkali components in raw wastes. Moreover, slagging medium was encouraged in order to achieve rapid and complete melting of ash mixtures. The objective of this study is to gain knowledge on the HWI ash formation and inherent heavy metal partitioning behavior, expecting to provide guidelines on the deep harmless disposal of HWI ash in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guangzhao Guo
- Grandblue (Foshan) Green Electricity Solid Waste Management Co., Ltd., Foshan 528200, China
| | - Lifang Gong
- Grandblue (Foshan) Green Electricity Solid Waste Management Co., Ltd., Foshan 528200, China
| | - Liqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yana Qie
- School of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Hongyun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Hong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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20
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Wu S, Yao X, Yao Y, Ren C, Wu C, Zhang C, Wang W. Recycling phosphogypsum as the sole calcium oxide source in calcium sulfoaluminate cement production and solidification of phosphorus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:152118. [PMID: 34863744 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Because the disposal of phosphogypsum (PG) can lead to serious contamination of the air, soil, and water, recycling of PG has attracted wide attention. This study investigated the effect and solidification of phosphorus in the production of calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement using PG as the sole CaO source. The effects of three phosphorus impurities (Ca3(PO4)2, CaHPO4, Ca(H2PO4)2) on the decomposition of CaSO4, formation of minerals, microstructure of the clinker, and the hydration and mechanical properties of the cement were studied. Experimental results show that Ca3(PO4)2 and Ca(H2PO4)2 promoted the decomposition of CaSO4 and the formation of clinker minerals with the increase in P2O5 content, whereas CaHPO4 showed a promoting effect only when the P2O5 content was more than 1.5 wt%. The increase in phosphorus incorporation in Ca2SiO4 leads to the transformation of β-Ca2SiO4 to α'-Ca2SiO4 and then to Ca7Si2P2O16. The presence of three phosphates in the clinker enhanced the growth of crystal grains and the generation of a liquid phase. Compared with Ca4Al6SO16 without phosphorus, the hydration reaction of phosphorus-bearing Ca4Al6SO16 started later and ended earlier, and the reaction time was shorter. The presence of phosphorus impurities reduces the 1-day strength of CSA cement but does not affect the development of the 3-day and 28-day strengths. Considering environmental aspects, the solidification of phosphorus in the production of CSA clinker were quantified by measuring the distribution of elements. The results indicated that phosphorus is solidified by Ca4Al6SO16, Ca2SiO4, and Ca4Al2Fe2O10, and Ca2SiO4 has a stronger ability to solidify phosphorus than the other two minerals. Ca3(PO4)2 is more difficult to solidify than CaHPO4 and Ca(H2PO4)2. This study is of great significant to guide the large-scale clean utilization of PG in the production of CSA cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology, Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Xingliang Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology, Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Yonggang Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology, Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Changzai Ren
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250306, China.
| | - Changliang Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology, Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology, Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, Engineering Research Center of Environmental Thermal Technology, Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Carbon Reduction and Resource Utilization, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China.
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21
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Yang D, Wang R, Feng X, Chu Z, Li J, Wei W, Zheng R, Zhang J, Chen H. Transferring waste red mud into ferric oxide decorated ANA-type zeolite for multiple heavy metals polluted soil remediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127244. [PMID: 34583169 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a novel "waste reclamation for soil remediation" strategy has been developed for both alkaline waste red mud (RM) recycling and heavy metal (HM) polluted soil remediation. Through a direct one-pot hydrothermal reaction process, the Al, Si, alkali, and Fe2O3 components in waste RM have been transferred into ferric oxide decorated ANA-type zeolite (Fe2O3-ANA). As tested by the HMs polluted soil remediation and oilseed rape planting experiment, when 25 g/kg Fe2O3-ANA is added into the Pb2+, Cu2+, Cr3+ and anionic AsO2- polluted soil (HM concentration: 100-200 mg/kg), it can effectively suppress the HMs mobility in soil and reduce the bio-accumulation concentrations of HMs in the harvested oilseed rape (reduce ratio: 37.9-69.5%). The detailed mechanism study using energy dispersive X-ray energy spectroscopy, in-depth X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density function theory calculation concludes that the Cu2+, Pb2+ and Cr3+ in soil have been adsorbed and trapped in the framework structure of ANA in Fe2O3-ANA mainly via the cation exchange process. While the anionic AsO2- species are mainly caught by the Fe2O3 component in Fe2O3-ANA via surface adsorption. Overall, this work firstly transforms waste RM into Fe2O3-ANA for soil remediation, which is valuable to waste resource recycling and environmental conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhong Yang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ranhao Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xuezhen Feng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zheting Chu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenfei Wei
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Renji Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hong Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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22
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Chen L, Guo B, Tan Y, Sasaki K, Tsang DCW. Designing novel magnesium oxysulfate cement for stabilization/solidification of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127025. [PMID: 34481391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash is a typical hazardous waste worldwide. In this study, an innovative magnesium oxysulfate cement (MOSC) binder was designed for stabilization/solidification (S/S) of MSWI fly ash, focusing on the interactions between MOSC binder and typical metallic cations (Pb2+)/oxyanions (AsO33-). Experimental results showed that Pb and As slightly inhibited the reaction of high-sulfate 5MS system but significantly suppressed the reaction process of low-sulfate 10MS system. The 5MS binder system exhibited excellent immobilization efficiencies (99.8%) for both Pb and As. The extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectra suggested that Pb2+ coordinated with SO42-/OH- in the MOSC system and substituted Mg2+ ion sites in the internal structure of 5Mg(OH)2·MgSO4.7H2O (5-1-7) phase. In contrast, the AsO33- substituted SO42- sites with the formation of inner-sphere complexes with Mg2+ in the large interlayer space of the 5-1-7 structure. Subsequent MSWI fly ash S/S experiments showed that a small amount of reactive Si in MSWI fly ash interfered with the MOSC reaction and adversely influenced the immobilization efficiencies of Pb, As, and other elements. Through the use of 33 wt% tailored MOSC binder for MSWI fly ash treatment, a satisfying S/S performance could be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yuying Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Binglin Guo
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Kyushu University Institute for Asian and Oceanian Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Yongshan Tan
- College of Civil Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Keiko Sasaki
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Kyushu University Institute for Asian and Oceanian Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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23
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Zhang Y, Lu X, Yu R, Li J, Miao J, Wang F. Long-term leachability of Sb in smelting residue stabilized by reactive magnesia under accelerated exposure to strong acid rain. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 301:113840. [PMID: 34607138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the long-term leachability of antimony (Sb) in a smelting residue (39519 mg/kg) solidified/stabilized by reactive magnesia (MgO). Different dosages of MgO (0% as control, 2%, 5%, and 10% on a dry basis) were compared, and the long-term performance was evaluated by an accelerated exposure test consist of 20 consecutive leaching steps with simulated strong acid rain (SAR, HNO3: H2SO4 = 1:2, pH = 3.20) as the extractant. Notably, the MgO treatments efficiently reduced the Sb leachability. Compared to the original slag (8.3 mg/L), the leaching concentrations based on a Chinese standard HJ/T299-2007 were reduced by 58%, 79%, 85%, and 86% at MgO dosages of 0%, 2%, 5%, and 10%, respectively. Because the studied slag was rich in oxides like SiO2, CaO, and MgO, the hydration reactions probably happened during the aging processes with oxic water. It was inferred that the formed hydration products have a self-solidification/stabilization function to suppress the Sb leaching from the solid phase. The mineralogical characterization results proved that the hydrated Mg(OH)2 played an essential role in the decrease of Sb leachability. Besides, the MgO addition promoted the hydration of this smelting slag and formed new hydrate gels that immobilize Sb in this slag. Our results confirmed that MgO-amended slags were resistant to continuous SAR corrosion. Compared to the control, the dosage of 5% MgO could effectively reduce the cumulatively released Sb by 57%, with only 0.46% of total Sb could be leached. The decomposition of Mg(OH)2 and hydrate gels determined the re-release of Sb in a long term. Our work has demonstrated that reactive MgO amendment could be potentially selected as an effective strategy for the treatment of Sb-containing smelting residues in field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Xuxing Lu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Rongda Yu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Jining Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
| | - Jiahe Miao
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Fenghe Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
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24
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Zhao H, Zhang J, Wu F, Huang X, Liu F, Wang L, Zhao X, Hu X, Gao P, Tang B, Ji P. A 3-year field study on lead immobilisation in paddy soil by a novel active silicate amendment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118325. [PMID: 34634408 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a toxic metal in industrial production, which can seriously threat to human health and food safety. Thus, it is particularly crucial to reduce the content of Pb in the environment. In this study, raw fly ash (FA) was used to synthesise a new active silicate materials (IM) employing the low-temperature-assisted alkali (NaOH) roasting approach. The IM was further synthesised to form zeolite-A (ZA) using the hydrothermal method. The physicochemical characteristics of IM and ZA amendments before and after Pb2+ adsorption were analysed using the Scanning electron microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (SEM-EDS), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) apparatuses. The results revealed the considerably change in the microstructure and functional groups of IM and ZA amendments, conducive to Pb2+ removal. Moreover, a 3-year field experiment revealed that the IM and ZA significantly improved the growth of rice and reduced available Pb by 21%-26.8% and 9.7%-16.9%, respectively. After 3 years of remediation, the Pb concentration of the rice grain reached the national edible standard (≤0.2 mg kg-1) of 0.171 mg kg-1 and 0.179 mg kg-1, respectively. Meanwhile, the concentration of acid-exchangeable Pb reduced, while those of reducible and residual fractions of Pb increased. There was no significant difference between the IM and ZA treatments. The potential mechanisms of remediation by the amendments were ion-exchange, complexation, precipitation, and electrostatic attraction. Overall, the results indicate that IM is suitable for the remediation of contaminated soil and promotes safe food production, and develops an environmentally friendly and cost-effective amendment for the remediation of polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanghang Zhao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Safe-product, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- Northwest Bureau of China Metallurgical Geology Bureau, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Northwest Bureau of China Metallurgical Geology Bureau, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China
| | - Xunrong Huang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Fuhao Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiongfei Hu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Pengcheng Gao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Bo Tang
- Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, 723001, China; Qinba Mountains of Bio-Resource Collaborative Innovation Center of Southern Shaanxi Province, Hanzhong, 723000, China
| | - Puhui Ji
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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25
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Zhou B, Zhu H, Xu S, Du G, Shi S, Liu M, Xing F, Ren J. Effect of phosphogypsum on the properties of magnesium phosphate cement paste with low magnesium-to-phosphate ratio. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 798:149262. [PMID: 34375242 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of phosphogypsum (PG) in magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MPPC) can promote the utilization of PG not only by utilising the phosphate impurity in PG, but also by immobilising the heavy metals with MPPC. This paper investigates the feasibility of the incorporation of PG in preparing MPPC. Both early age properties, including workability and setting time, and hardened properties of compressive strength and microstructure, of PG-incorporated MPPC paste were investigated, and the hydration mechanism was explored. The results indicated that the addition of PG increased the workability of MPPC and extended the setting time of MPPC. However, incorporation of 20% PG slightly reduced the compressive strength because higher PG content led to the loose microstructure. Moreover, the addition of PG did not change the formation of hydration product, while it only reduced the hydration heat. Finally, compared to PG, the concentration of leached heavy metals of MPPC with PG was significantly reduced after 28 days curing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- School of Architecture and Planning, Yunnan University, Kunming 650051, China
| | - Shengye Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Guanhong Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shi Shi
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Min Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Feng Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jun Ren
- School of Architecture and Planning, Yunnan University, Kunming 650051, China.
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26
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Gao W, Li Z, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Teng G, Li X, Ni W. Solidification/Stabilization of Arsenic-Containing Tailings by Steel Slag-Based Binders with High Efficiency and Low Carbon Footprint. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14195864. [PMID: 34640259 PMCID: PMC8510415 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The disposal of nonferrous metal tailings poses a global economic and environmental problem. After employing a clinker-free steel slag-based binder (SSB) for the solidification/stabilization (S/S) of arsenic-containing tailings (AT), the effectiveness, leaching risk, and leaching mechanism of the SSB S/S treated AT (SST) were investigated via the Chinese leaching tests HJ/T299-2007 and HJ557-2010 and the leaching tests series of the multi-process Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF). The test results were compared with those of ordinary Portland cement S/S treated AT (PST) and showed that the arsenic (As) curing rates for SST and PST samples were in the range of 96.80–98.89% and 99.52–99.2%, respectively, whereby the leached-As concentration was strongly dependent on the pH of the leachate. The LEAF test results showed that the liquid–solid partitioning limit of As leaching from AT, SST, and PST was controlled by solubility, and the highest concentrations of leached As were 7.56, 0.34, and 0.33 mg/L, respectively. The As leaching mechanism of monolithic SST was controlled by diffusion, and the mean observed diffusion coefficient of 9.35 × 10−15 cm2/s was higher than that of PST (1.55 × 10−16 cm2/s). The findings of this study could facilitate the utilization of SSB in S/S processes, replacing cement to reduce CO2 emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (W.G.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (G.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zifu Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (W.G.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (G.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (G.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (W.N.); Tel.: +86-186-0128-3010 (S.Z.)
| | - Yuying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (G.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guoxiang Teng
- Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (G.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- Technology Center of HBIS Group Hansteel Company, Handan 056015, China;
| | - Wen Ni
- Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (G.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (W.N.); Tel.: +86-186-0128-3010 (S.Z.)
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27
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Li JS, Wang Q, Chen Z, Xue Q, Chen X, Mu Y, Poon CS. Immobilization of high-Pb contaminated soil by oxalic acid activated incinerated sewage sludge ash. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 284:117120. [PMID: 33930778 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Identifying effective and low-cost agents for the remediation of Pb-contaminated soil is of great importance for field-scale applications. In this study, the feasibility of reusing incinerated sewage sludge ash (ISSA), a waste rich in phosphorus, under activation by oxalic acid (OA) for the remediation of high-Pb contaminated soil was investigated. ISSA and OA were mixed at different proportions for the treatment of the high-Pb contaminated soil (5000 mg/kg). The Pb immobilization efficacy was further examined by both the standard deionized water leaching test and the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). The overall results showed that the use of the ISSA alone and an appropriate mixture of the ISSA and OA could effectively reduce the leachability of Pb from soil. 20% ISSA together with 30% OA (0.2 mol/L) reduced leached Pb concentration by 99%. The main stabilization mechanisms were then explored by different microstructural and spectroscopic analytical techniques including SEM, XRD and FTIR. Apparently, OA released phosphate from the ISSA and Pb from soil via acid attack, which combined and precipitated as stable lead phosphate minerals. However, excessive OA could cause high leaching of phosphate and zinc from the ISSA. Overall, this study indicates that ISSA could be used together with OA to remediate high-Pb contaminated soil, but careful design of mix proportions is necessary before practical application to avoid excessive leaching of phosphate and zinc from the ISSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Shan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; IRSM-CAS/HK PolyU Joint Laboratory on Solid Waste Science, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qiming Wang
- IRSM-CAS/HK PolyU Joint Laboratory on Solid Waste Science, Wuhan, 430071, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Zhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; IRSM-CAS/HK PolyU Joint Laboratory on Solid Waste Science, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qiang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; IRSM-CAS/HK PolyU Joint Laboratory on Solid Waste Science, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; IRSM-CAS/HK PolyU Joint Laboratory on Solid Waste Science, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yanhu Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Frozen Ground Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Chi Sun Poon
- IRSM-CAS/HK PolyU Joint Laboratory on Solid Waste Science, Wuhan, 430071, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Wang F, Xu J, Yin H, Zhang Y, Pan H, Wang L. Sustainable stabilization/solidification of the Pb, Zn, and Cd contaminated soil by red mud-derived binders. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 284:117178. [PMID: 33901985 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Red mud and phosphogypsum are voluminous industrial by-products worldwide. They have long been disposed of in landfills or open storage, leading to a waste of resource and environmental pollution. This study provides a novel approach to recycle these industrial by-products as sustainable red mud-phosphogypsum-Portland cement (RPPC) binders for stabilization/solidification (S/S) of multimetal-contaminated soil. The physical strength, metal leachability and microstructure of S/S soil were investigated after 7-day and 28-day curing, as well as freezing-thawing (F-T) cycle and wetting-drying (W-D) cycle. The results show that the strength of soil treated by all binders fulfilled the uniaxial compressive strength requirement (350 kPa) of S/S waste in landfills. Microstructural analyses show that the main hydration products of the RPPC S/S soil are ilmenite, ettringite, anhydrite and hydrated calcium silicate. The 10% and 15% RPPC binders have a competitive metal immobilization ability compared with 10% PC, but the immobilization priority is different: Pb > Zn > Cd in RPPC system and Zn > Cd > Pb in PC system, respectively, probably due to the precipiataion of Pb2+ with the abundant SO42- in phosphogypsum in RPPC system. The strength of RPPC and PC treated soil was still higher than 350 kPa except for RPPC7.5 after 10 freeze-thaw or 10 wetting-drying cycles. The RPPC binder performed worse than PC binder after both freeze-thaw and wetting-drying cycles, especially at a lower dosage. Only the metal leaching concentrations of samples treated by RPPC15 and PC10 could fulfil the Chinese standards for hazardous wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Jian Xu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, 210042, China.
| | - Hailong Yin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Hao Pan
- Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
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Wei X, Wang J, She J, Sun J, Liu J, Wang Y, Yang X, Ouyang Q, Lin Y, Xiao T, Tsang DCW. Thallium geochemical fractionation and migration in Tl-As rich soils: The key controls. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 784:146995. [PMID: 33905923 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thallium (Tl) pollution caused by mining and processing of Tl-enriched ores has become an increasing concern. This study explored the geochemical fractionation and vertical transfer of Tl in a soil profile (200 cm) from a representative Tl-As mineralized area, Southwest China. The results showed that the soils were heavily enriched by Tl and As, with concentration ranging from 3.91-17.3 and 1830-8840 mg/kg (6.79 and 2973 mg/kg in average), respectively. Approximately 50% of Tl occurred in geochemically mobile fractions in the topsoil, wherein the reducible fraction was the most enriched fraction. Further characterization using LA-ICP-MS and TEM revealed that enriched Tl and As in soils were mainly inherited from the weathering of mine tailing piles upstream. XPS characterization indicated that Fe oxides herein may play a critical role in the oxidation of Tl(I) to Tl(III) which provoked further adsorption of Tl onto Fe oxides, thereby facilitating Tl enrichment in the reducible fraction. The findings highlight that the pivotal role of Fe oxides from mineralized area in the co-mobility and migration of Tl and As in the depth profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resource, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Agripolis Campus, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resource, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingye She
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resource, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resource, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resource, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qi''en Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resource, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuyang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resource, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tangfu Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resource, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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30
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Li S, Zhang Y, Feng R, Yu H, Pan J, Bian J. Environmental Safety Analysis of Red Mud-Based Cemented Backfill on Groundwater. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18158094. [PMID: 34360386 PMCID: PMC8345525 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As one of the main industrial solid wastes, there are a large number of free alkaloids, chemically bound alkaloids, fluoride, and heavy metal ions in Bayer process red mud (BRM), which are difficult to remove and easily pollute groundwater as a result of open storage. In order to realize the large-scale industrial application of BRM as a backfilling aggregate for underground mining and simultaneously avoid polluting groundwater, the material characteristics of BRM were analyzed through physical, mechanical, and chemical composition tests. The optimum cement–sand ratio and solid mass concentration of the backfilling were obtained based on several mixture proportion tests. According to the results of bleeding, soaking, and toxic leaching experiments, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the environmental impact of BRM on groundwater. The results show that chemically bound alkaloids that remained in BRM reacted with Ca2+ in PO 42.5 cement, slowed down the solidification speed, and reduced the early strength of red mud-based cemented backfill (RMCB). The hydration products in RMCB, such as AFT and C-S-H gel, had significant encapsulation, solidification, and precipitation inhibition effects on contaminants, which could reduce the contents of inorganic contaminants in soaking water by 26.8% to 93.8% and the leaching of toxic heavy metal ions by 57.1% to 73.3%. As shown by the results of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, the degree of pollution of the RMCB in bleeding water belonged to a medium grade Ⅲ, while that in the soaking water belonged to a low grade II. The bleeding water was diluted by 50–100 times to reach grade I after flowing into the water sump and could be totally recycled for drilling and backfilling, thus causing negligible effects on the groundwater environment.
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Effects of Long-Term Freeze-Thaw Cycles on the Properties of Stabilized/Solidified Lead-Zinc-Cadmium Composite-Contaminated Soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18116114. [PMID: 34204028 PMCID: PMC8201390 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Lead, zinc, and cadmium were used to prepare a composite-contaminated soil to replicate common situations, in which soil is usually simultaneously contaminated by multiple metals. To examine the long-term durability of stabilized/solidified (S/S) contaminated soil, specimens were subjected to a series of freeze–thaw (F-T) cycles, up to ninety times (one day per cycle), prior to testing. Triaxial compression tests, soil column leaching tests, and X-ray diffraction analysis were then employed to study the mechanical properties, environmental influences, and micro-mechanisms of the S/S lead-zinc-cadmium composite-contaminated soils after long-term F-T. The results showed that triaxial compressive strength increases within three F-T cycles, then decreases before slightly increasing or stabilizing after thirty F-T cycles. The stage of decreased cohesion thus occurs between three and fourteen F-T cycles, with variation in other factors similar to that of the triaxial compressive strength. The cohesion mainly increases between three and seven cycles. The soil column leaching test showed that the permeability of soil is more than four times higher than that of soil not subject to freeze–thaw cycles after ninety F-T cycles. XRD tests further revealed that the chemical composition of S/S contaminated soil and the occurrence of each heavy metal (HM) remained unchanged under F-T treatment.
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32
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Zhang Y, Wang L, Chen L, Ma B, Zhang Y, Ni W, Tsang DCW. Treatment of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash: State-of-the-art technologies and future perspectives. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 411:125132. [PMID: 33858099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash is considered as a hazardous waste that requires specific treatment before disposal. The principal treatments encompass thermal treatment, stabilization/solidification, and resource recovery. To maximize environmental, social, and economic benefits, the development of low-carbon and sustainable treatment technologies for MSWI fly ash has attracted extensive interests in recent years. This paper critically reviewed the state-of-the-art treatment technologies and novel resource utilization approaches for the MSWI fly ash. Innovative technologies and future perspectives of MSWI fly ash management were highlighted. Moreover, the latest understanding of immobilization mechanisms and the use of advanced characterization technologies were elaborated to foster future design of treatment technologies and the actualization of sustainable management for MSWI fly ash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Laboratory for Concrete & Construction Chemistry, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Yike Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Energy Clean Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wen Ni
- School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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33
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Liu Y, Wu S, Southam G, Chan TS, Lu YR, Paterson DJ, Huang L. Bioaugmentation with Acidithiobacillus species accelerates mineral weathering and formation of secondary mineral cements for hardpan development in sulfidic Pb-Zn tailings. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 411:124988. [PMID: 33472156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of hardpan caps has great potential in rehabilitating sulfidic and metallic tailings, which may be accelerated by using exogenous Acidithiobacillus species. The present study aims to establish a bioaugmentation process with exogenous Acidithiobacillus species for accelerating the weathering of sulfidic minerals and formation of secondary mineral gels as precursors for hardpan structure development in a microcosm experiment. Exogenous Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans (ATCC 19377) and A. ferrooxidans (DSM 14882) were inoculated in a sulfidic Pb-Zn tailing containing negligible indigenous Acidithiobacillus species for accelerating the weathering of pyrite and metal sulfides. Microspectroscopic analysis revealed that the weathering of pyrite and biotite-like minerals was rapidly accelerated by exogenous Acidithiobacillus species, leading to the formation of secondary jarosite-like mineral gels and cemented profile in the tailings. Meanwhile, approximately 28% Zn liberated from Zn-rich minerals undergoing weathering was observed to be re-immobilized by Fe-rich secondary minerals such as jarosite-like mineral. Moreover, Pb-bearing minerals mostly remained undissolved, but approximately 30% Pb was immobilized by secondary Fe-rich minerals. The present findings revealed the critical role of exogenous Acidithiobacillus species in accelerating the precursory process of mineral weathering and secondary mineral formation for hardpan structure development in sulfidic Pb-Zn tailings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Liu
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Songlin Wu
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Gordon Southam
- School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Ting-Shan Chan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Rui Lu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan
| | | | - Longbin Huang
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
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34
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Zhao H, Huang X, Liu F, Hu X, Zhao X, Wang L, Gao P, Li J, Ji P. Potential of a novel modified gangue amendment to reduce cadmium uptake in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 410:124543. [PMID: 33223317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the modified gangue (GE) was prepared by calcination at lower temperatures using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as the activating agent. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) methods were employed to analyze the physicochemical characteristics of GE before and after the modification. Besides, the GE and commercial zeolite (ZE) were compared in the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil in field experiments. The results showed that both the GE and ZE had positive effects on the stabilization of Cd, decreasing the available Cd by 21.2-33.9% and 22.1-28.2%, respectively, while no significant difference was observed between the two amendments, indicating that the modification of GE was successful. Moreover, the application of GE decreased the Cd mobilization and uptake in lettuce shoot and root by 54.9-61.5% and 9.3-13.2%, respectively, and at the same time, the bio-available Cd decreased by 20.9-34.5%. Moreover, with the addition of GE, activities of urease and alkaline phosphatase increased in soil, while the peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were notably reduced in plants. Therefore, GE could be used as an effective amendment for the alleviation of Cd accumulation and toxicity, and thereby improve food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanghang Zhao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Safe-product, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xunrong Huang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Fuhao Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiongfei Hu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Pengcheng Gao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Scientific Laboratory of Heyang Agricultural Environment and Farmland Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Weinan 714000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingtian Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; The First Geological and Mineral Survey Institute of Henan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development, Applied Engineering Technology Research Center of Ecology and Exploration Geochemistry, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
| | - Puhui Ji
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China.
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35
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Li J, Zhang Y, Wang F, Wang L, Liu J, Hashimoto Y, Hosomi M. Arsenic immobilization and removal in contaminated soil using zero-valent iron or magnetic biochar amendment followed by dry magnetic separation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 768:144521. [PMID: 33450681 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The potential of using zero-valent iron (ZVI) or a Fe3O4-loaded magnetic biochar to stabilize arsenic (As) in contaminated soil was investigated in the processes of incubation trial, chemical extraction, pot experiments with ryegrass growth. Additionally, a dry magnetic separation technique was applied to verify the possible permanent removal of As from the bulk soil. Results showed the ZVI amendment greatly reduced the As leaching, and the leached concentration became much lower than the Japanese environment standard (10 μg/L) after 180 days of incubation. Contrarily, the magnetic biochar amendment readily increased the As leachability due to the changes in pH, dissolved organic carbon, and soluble P and Si. The ZVI had a greater effect over the magnetic biochar, supported by the significantly reduced As leachability in the combined amendments. Furthermore, results from sequential extraction analysis indicate that both amendments significantly decreased the available As in (NH4)2SO4 and NH4H2PO4 extraction and increased the As bound to amorphous Fe oxides. But ZVI amendment alone performed better than magnetic biochar amendment alone. Plant growth experiment showed that the ZVI amendment enhanced ryegrass growth and significantly increased the ryegrass biomass. However, the magnetic biochar amendment resulted in an adverse effect on the ryegrass root growth, probably due to a marked enhancement of salinity. Meanwhile, the As uptake by ryegrass was significantly reduced in both ZVI and magnetic biochar-amended soils. Results of dry magnetic separation showed that averaged 20% and 25% of total As could be retrieved from ZVI and magnetic biochar amended soil, respectively; and the As bound to amorphous Fe oxides was the main retrieved fraction. This study indicated that ZVI or magnetic biochar could be applied as a promising amendment for reducing (phyto)availability of As in soil, and dry magnetic separation could be served as an alternative option for permanently removing As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jining Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Fenghe Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Jing Liu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Yohey Hashimoto
- Department of Bioapplications and Systems Engineering (BASE), Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Masaaki Hosomi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
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36
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Wang Q, Liao Z, Yao D, Yang Z, Wu Y, Tang C. Phosphorus immobilization in water and sediment using iron-based materials: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 767:144246. [PMID: 33434847 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
As an essential element for life, phosphorus (P) is very important for organisms. However, excessive P in water and sediment can cause eutrophication, which poses a potential risk to drinking water safety and the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, effective phosphorus-control in water and sediment is the key strategy to control eutrophication. Iron-based materials exhibit high efficiency for P immobilization due to their strong affinity with P, low cost, easy availability, and environmentally friendliness. They are promising materials for controlling P in application. This work comprehensively summarizes the recent advances on P immobilization in water and sediment by different iron-based materials, including iron (hydr)oxides, iron salts, zero-valent iron and iron-loaded materials. This review is focused on the mechanism of the processes and how they are impacted by major influencing factors. The combination of iron-containing materials with other assisting materials is a good strategy to enhance P-fixation efficiency and selectivity. Finally, the current challenges and prospects of P-control technologies based on iron-containing materials are proposed. This review provides a systemic theoretical and experimental foundation for P-immobilization in water and sediment using iron-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qipeng Wang
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Zaiyi Liao
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China; Department of Architectural Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dongxin Yao
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Zhengjian Yang
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Yonghong Wu
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Cilai Tang
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China.
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37
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Derakhshan Nejad Z, Rezania S, Jung MC, Al-Ghamdi AA, Mustafa AEZMA, Elshikh MS. Effects of fine fractions of soil organic, semi-organic, and inorganic amendments on the mitigation of heavy metal(loid)s leaching and bioavailability in a post-mining area. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129538. [PMID: 33453484 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of soil amendments including biomasses (rice husk, RRH and maple leaf, RML), biochar (rice husk biochar, RHB and maple leaf biochar, MLB), and industrial by-products (red mud, RM and steel slag, SS), at two application rates (0, 1, and 2% w/w) on leaching and bioavailability of heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) (As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in the presence of an Asteraceae (i.e., lettuce). Physicochemical properties of the soil (i.e., pH, EC, CEC, and HMs leaching) and plants were examined before and after amending. The addition of amendments significantly (p < 0.05) increased soil EC (from 100 to 180 μScm-1) and CEC (from 7.6 to 15 meq100 g-1). Soil pH from 6.7 ± 0.05 increased about 2 units with increasing in the application rate of MLB, RM, and SS, while it decreased about 0.8 units in RML amended soil. Soil amendments reduced the easily leachable fractions (exchangeable and carbonate) of HMs in the order of MLB > SS > RM > RHB. The average concentration of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in plant roots and shoots decreased >30 wt% in biochars and industrial by-products amended soils, while biomasses mitigated As uptake in lettuce. Results demonstrated that adding maple-derived biochar combined with revegetation effectively immobilized HMs in a post-mining area beside an induce in plant growth parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Derakhshan Nejad
- Department of Energy Resources and Geosystem Engineering, College of Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea.
| | - Shahabaldin Rezania
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Myung Chae Jung
- Department of Energy Resources and Geosystem Engineering, College of Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abd El-Zaher M A Mustafa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Guo B, Tan Y, Wang L, Chen L, Wu Z, Sasaki K, Mechtcherine V, Tsang DCW. High-efficiency and low-carbon remediation of zinc contaminated sludge by magnesium oxysulfate cement. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 408:124486. [PMID: 33243654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electroplating sludge is classified as a hazardous waste due to its extremely high leachability of potentially toxic elements. This study concerns the use of magnesium oxysulfate cement (MOSC) for the stabilisation/solidification (S/S) of Zn-rich electroplating sludge. According to X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analyses, Zn was mainly immobilised through both chemical interaction and physical encapsulation in the MOSC hydrates of 5Mg(OH)2·MgSO4.7H2O (5-1-7) phase. The crystal size analysis, elemental mapping, and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis proved that the Zn2+ was also incorporated in the structure of 5-1-7 phase. Unlike Portland cement system, hydration kinetics, setting time, and compressive strength of the MOSC system were only negligibly modified by the presence of Zn, indicating its superior compatibility. Subsequent S/S experiments demonstrated that the MOSC binder exhibited an excellent performance on immobilisation efficiency of Zn (up to 99.9%), as well as satisfying the requirements of setting time and mechanical strength of sludge S/S products. Therefore, MOSC could be an effective and sustainable binder for the treatment of the Zn-rich industrial wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binglin Guo
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yongshan Tan
- College of Civil Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zuliang Wu
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Keiko Sasaki
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Viktor Mechtcherine
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Tian Q, Chen C, Wang M, Guo B, Zhang H, Sasaki K. Effect of Si/Al molar ratio on the immobilization of selenium and arsenic oxyanions in geopolymer. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 274:116509. [PMID: 33524648 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The effect of Si/Al molar ratio of geopolymer on the immobilization of Se and As oxyanions was studied through leaching test and solid characterizations including XRD, FTIR, TG, NMR, XAFS, and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm. As a whole, the leaching percentages of Se and As oxyanions increased with the increase of the Si/Al molar ratio of geopolymer. Linear combination fitting confirmed that most of selenite, selenate and arsenate ions existed in geopolymers through electrostatic interaction. Thus, Al tetrahedrons in geopolymer structure control the charge stability for these oxyanions to a large extent. Differently, as for arsenate ions, they were recrystallized into an arsenate compound (Na3.25(OH)0.25(H2O)12)(AsO4) in geopolymers. The additive of these pollutants has an adverse effect on the compactness of geopolymer, then influencing the leaching performance in turn. However, the changes in leaching results did not follow the variation trend of specific surface areas and pore volumes of geopolymers with different Si/Al ratios. The number and distribution of Al tetrahedron and compactness of geopolymer have a synergistic effect on the immobilization of these oxyanions. Besides, the compressive strengths of geopolymer samples are always higher than 20 MPa, which meets the requirement of safe disposal of hazardous waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanzhi Tian
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China; Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Changshuai Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - MengMeng Wang
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Binglin Guo
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Haijun Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Keiko Sasaki
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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Yang D, Chu Z, Zheng R, Wei W, Feng X, Zhang J, Li C, Zhang Z, Chen H. Remediation of Cu-polluted soil with analcime synthesized from engineering abandoned soils through green chemistry approaches. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 406:124673. [PMID: 33310322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to the large output and potential ecological risks, disposal of engineering abandoned soils (EAS) has become an enormous challenge for human society. Herein, EAS has been transformed into microporous analcime (ANA) zeolite material through a fast, energy-efficient, and straightforward conversion process. The as-synthesized ANA has been employed to remediate Cu-polluted soil, which shows a significant ecological restoration function in a vegetable pot experiment. With 25 g/kg ANA into Cu contaminated soil (total Cu concentration: 200 ppm), the Cu accumulation concentration in vegetables has been decreased from 5.60 down to 1.80 mg/kg (approaching the background Cu level 1.70 mg/kg in vegetables). Detailed mechanism study combining with DFT calculations reveals that the Cu2+ in soil has been captured both inside the ANA pore channels and on the surface via ion-exchange and surface adsorption mechanism. The whole process, including ANA synthesis and Cu polluted soil remediation, has been optimized to show a valuable conceptual model to recycle EAS resource and in-situ remediate Cu polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhong Yang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zheting Chu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Renji Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenfei Wei
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xuezhen Feng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zuotai Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hong Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Yang D, Deng W, Tan A, Chu Z, Wei W, Zheng R, Shangguan Y, Sasaki A, Endo M, Chen H. Protonation stabilized high As/F mobility red mud for Pb/As polluted soil remediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124143. [PMID: 33068993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The hazardous red mud (RM) with high As/F mobility and heavy metal contaminated soil have constituted severe environmental threats. This work demonstrates a "waste to eco-material" strategy through a reliable and low-cost protonation approach to eliminate the As/F leaching risk of RM, and then recycle it as heavy metal passivators for Pb/As polluted soil remediation. The As/F anions have been immobilized by the protonated Fe/Al (hydr)oxides within RM via the formation of stable As/F compounds during the protonation process, which satisfies the requirement by the World Health Organization (As leaching <0.01 mg/L; F leaching <0.8 mg/L). Moreover, in the oilseed rape pot experiments, by adding 30 g/kg stabilized RM into Pb/As polluted soils (100 ~ 300 ppm), benefited from its large adsorption capacity, approximately 40.9 ~ 49.7% Pb and 40.8 ~ 54.8% As concentrations in the plant are reduced without adverse effects. The whole process for RM treatment and soil remediation is cost-effective, straightforward and eco-friendly without secondary pollution or soil degradation. This research provides a green chemical strategy to address both RM recycling and heavy metal contaminated soil remediation problems, which shows high economic feasibility and ecological benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhong Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wanwan Deng
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ao Tan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Jhonan 4-3-16 Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Zheting Chu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenfei Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Renji Zheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yangzi Shangguan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; College of Mathematics and Physics, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Atsushi Sasaki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Jhonan 4-3-16 Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Endo
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Jhonan 4-3-16 Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Tyagi G, Singhal A, Routroy S, Bhunia D, Lahoti M. Radiation Shielding Concrete with alternate constituents: An approach to address multiple hazards. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124201. [PMID: 33129018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Radiation Shielding Concrete (RSC) is a superior alternative to many conventional and modern shields against gamma and neutron radiation hazards. The present work is the first comprehensive review on utilization of alternate materials, emphasizing hazardous industrial byproducts, as constituents of RSC. Such usage enhances the performance, sustainability, and affordability of RSC. Added advantages are the immobilization of wastes and the conservation of natural resources for RSC. The review analyses incorporation of ferrous and non-ferrous slags, mines wastes, plastics, red mud, cathode ray tube's glass, metallic wastes, fly ash, silica fume, and miscellaneous residues. Besides, utilization of fibers, nanoparticles, and calcined clay is investigated. The influence on shielding efficiency is adjudged by scrutinizing changes in parameters such as half-value layer and linear attenuation coefficients. Similarly, variations in mechanical and durability properties are investigated and compared. The underlying responsible factors related to the physical, chemical and morphological characteristics of materials and their consequences on RSC's behavior are correlated. In association with alternatives, the advantages, disadvantages, and possible treatment methods are discussed. The country-wise, material-specific, and progressive research trends are revealed to facilitate future work in this upcoming field. Finally, conclusions are drawn with exposition of current bottlenecks and scope of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Tyagi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, India.
| | - Anupam Singhal
- Department of Civil Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, India.
| | - Srikanta Routroy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, India.
| | - Dipendu Bhunia
- Department of Civil Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, India.
| | - Mukund Lahoti
- Department of Civil Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, India.
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43
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Zheng Z, Li Y, Cui M, Yang J, Wang H, Ma X, Chen Y. Insights into the effect of NaOH on the hydration products of solidified cement-NaNO 3 matrices and leaching behavior of Sr 2. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142581. [PMID: 33039893 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The low-level and intermediate-level radioactive waste is generally an alkaline solution with high concentration of sodium salts. Moreover, extra NaOH will be added into the matrices when the high content of mineral admixtures is used in the preparation of solidified cement matrices. This study mainly researches the influence of NaOH on the structure of C-S-H gels and the leaching rate of Sr2+ in the solidified cement matrices by isothermal conduction calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, thermogravimetry, 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance, mercury intrusion porosimetry and inductively coupled plasma. The results show that the addition of NaOH accelerated the hydration of cement in the early age but decreased the normalized hydration heat until 28 days. Also, the fraction of total Ca(OH)2 decreased with the increasing content of NaOH. Moreover, NaOH promoted the formation of C-S-H gels along the main chain by increasing the mean chain length but decreased the Q3 sites. However, the addition of NaOH has optimized the pore structure through reducing the porosity and median pore diameter. At last, the cumulative leaching fraction of Sr2+ at the NaOH content of 10% decreased by 17.5% compared to the NaOH content of 0.82%. Based on the results, it can be concluded that NaOH enhanced the adsorption capacity of C-S-H gels to Sr2+ and improved the immobilization performance of solidified cement matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yuxiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Maoxuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Hongtai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Xue Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
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44
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Ruan S, Yang EH, Unluer C. Production of reactive magnesia from desalination reject brine and its use as a binder. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2020.101383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Naeem I, Masood N, Turan V, Iqbal M. Prospective usage of magnesium potassium phosphate cement combined with Bougainvillea alba derived biochar to reduce Pb bioavailability in soil and its uptake by Spinacia oleracea L. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111723. [PMID: 33396054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Combining biochar (BR) with other immobilizing amendments has additive effects on Pb immobilization and been recognized to be effective for the restoration of Pb polluted soils. However, the impacts of different proportions between BR and a highly efficient Pb immobilizing agent called "magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MC)" have never been earlier investigated. This work aimed to investigate the consequences of BR and MC alone and their mixtures of 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25 ratios on Pb bioavailability, Pb immobilization index (Pb-IMMi), and enzymatic activities in Pb polluted soil. Furthermore, amendments effects on Pb distribution in spinach, growth, antioxidant capacity, biochemical, and nutritional spectrum were also investigated. We found that MC alone performed well to immobilize Pb in soil and reducing its distribution in shoots, but was less efficient to improve soil enzymatic activities and plant attributes. Conversely, the application of BR alone stimulated soil enzymatic activities, plant growth, and quality but was less effective to immobilize Pb in soil and reducing shoot Pb concentrations. The combinations of BR and MC of various ratios showed variable results. Interestingly, the most promising outcomes were obtained with BR50%+MC50% treatment which resulted in enhanced Pb-IMMi (73%), activities of soil enzymes, plant growth and quality, and antioxidant capacity, compared to control. Likewise, significant reductions in Pb concentrations in shoots (85%), roots (78%), extractable Pb (73%) were also obtained with BR50%+MC50% treatment, compared to control. Such outcomes point towards a cost-effective approach for reducing Pb uptake by the plants via using MC and BR at a 50:50 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqbal Naeem
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Masood
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sub Campus Vehari, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Veysel Turan
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Bingöl University, 12000 Bingöl, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
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Liu Y, Zhuge Y, Chow CWK, Keegan A, Pham PN, Li D, Qian G, Wang L. Recycling drinking water treatment sludge into eco-concrete blocks with CO 2 curing: Durability and leachability. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 746:141182. [PMID: 32768782 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS) can be recycled into low-strength concrete blocks for construction use. The sodium sulfate resistance and leaching behaviours of the DWTS-derived blocks are investigated in this study. The experimental results show that the addition of DWTS degrades the sodium sulfate resistance of the concrete blocks, however CO2 curing compensates for such property, especially in the case of blocks incorporating 30% DWTS. The improvement can be attributed to the formation of crystalline CaCO3 during CO2 curing for microstructure refinement evidenced by X-ray Computed Tomography and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Leaching analyses show that Cu and Al concentrations increased with increasing DWTS content, and CO2 curing adversely increased the leachability of metals due to the decrease of pH, especially at early leaching stage. Nevertheless, the total leaching concentrations of Cu and Al after 60-day test is far below the prescribed limitations, regardless of samples subject to air curing or CO2 curing. In summary, sludge-derived blocks exposed to CO2 curing are safe and behave well in aggressive environments. Therefore, this study showcases a green technology that successfully recycling DWTS into value-added and durable concrete blocks with low environmental impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Yan Zhuge
- STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
| | - Christopher W K Chow
- STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Alexandra Keegan
- South Australian Water Corporation, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Phuong Ngoc Pham
- STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; Faculty of Bridge and Road Engineering, The University of Danang-University of Science and Technology, 54 Nguyen Luong Bang Str., Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Danda Li
- STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Gujie Qian
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
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Ho TO, Tsang DCW, Chen WB, Yin JH. Evaluating the environmental impact of contaminated sediment column stabilized by deep cement mixing. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 261:127755. [PMID: 32721696 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Deep cement mixing (DCM) method is a widely used geotechnical technique for increasing ground stabilization before construction works. However, the environmental influence of stabilized ground on the surrounding area remains a concern. A physical model experiment of DCM-treated sediment column was conducted to investigate both geotechnical and environmental effects on the surrounding sediment. The DCM column contained the cement-stabilized contaminated sediment and surrounded by uncontaminated sediment. The physical behaviour, including settlement, pore water pressure, and total pressure were measured under different loadings. Simultaneously, the migration of the major ions into seawater, and leaching of potentially toxic elements into the surrounding sediment were evaluated. The results revealed that the leaching of major ions from the DCM column followed the dissipation of excess pore water and migrated to the seawater above the sediment surface. Nevertheless, the leaching behaviour of potentially toxic elements into the surrounding sediment and variation of pH value after the DCM treatment were within an acceptable level. Therefore, the contaminated marine sediment could be effectively stabilized and solidified by in-situ remediation with minimal secondary pollution to the surrounding environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsz-On Ho
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wen-Bo Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian-Hua Yin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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48
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Hossain MU, Wang L, Chen L, Tsang DCW, Ng ST, Poon CS, Mechtcherine V. Evaluating the environmental impacts of stabilization and solidification technologies for managing hazardous wastes through life cycle assessment: A case study of Hong Kong. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 145:106139. [PMID: 32980737 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Proper management of hazardous materials arouses widespread environmental concerns due to its enormous ecological and health impacts. The development of green stabilization/solidification (S/S) technology for resourceful utilization of hazardous materials, as well as the immobilization of potentially toxic elements is of great scientific interests. Cement-based S/S is often considered a low-cost and highly efficient technology, but the environmental sustainability of a broad spectrum of S/S technologies has yet to be evaluated. Therefore, this study assessed the environmental sustainability of S/S technologies for managing two common types of hazardous wastes, i.e., contaminated marine sediment and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MIFA) by using life cycle assessment (LCA). A total of 17 scenarios under three strategies for sediment and two strategies for MIFA S/S technologies were comprehensively evaluated. The LCA results identified the most preferable S/S technology in each strategy. In particular, Scenario 1 (mixture of sediment with a small percentage of ordinary Portland cement and incinerated sewage sludge ash) of Strategy 1 (use as fill materials) would be the preferred option, as it reduces about 54% and 70% global warming potential compared to those of Scenarios 2 and 3, respectively. This is the first initiative for evaluating the environmental impacts of a wide range of recently developed S/S technologies using green/alternative binders for diverting hazardous wastes from disposal. The results can serve as a decision support for the practical application of the environmentally friendly S/S technology for sustainable remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Uzzal Hossain
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - S Thomas Ng
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Sun Poon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Viktor Mechtcherine
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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