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Huang J, Gu P, Cao X, Miao H, Wang Z. Mechanistic study on the increase of Microcystin-LR synthesis and release in Microcystis aeruginosa by amino-modified nano-plastics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134767. [PMID: 38820757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Ecological risk of micro/nano-plastics (MPs/NPs) has become an important environmental issue. Microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) produced by Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) is the most common and toxic secondary metabolites (SM). However, the influencing mechanism of MPs and NPs exposure on MC-LR synthesis and release have still not been clearly evaluated. In this work, under both acute (4d) and long-term exposure (10d), only high-concentration (10 mg/L) exposure of amino-modified polystyrene NPs (PS-NH2-NPs) promoted MC-LR synthesis (32.94 % and 42.42 %) and release (27.35 % and 31.52 %), respectively. Mechanistically, PS-NH2-NPs inhibited algae cell density, interrupted pigment synthesis, weakened photosynthesis efficiency, and induced oxidative stress, with subsequent enhancing the MC-LR synthesis. Additionally, PS-NH2-NPs exposure up-regulated MC-LR synthesis pathway genes (mcyA, mcyB, mcyD, and mcyG) combined with significantly increased metabolomics (Leucine and Arginine), thereby enhancing MC-LR synthesis. PS-NH2-NPs exposure enhanced the MC-LR release from M. aeruginosa via up-regulated MC-LR transport pathway genes (mcyH) and the shrinkage of plasma membrane. Our results provide new insights into the long-time coexistence of NPs with algae in freshwater systems might pose a potential threat to aquatic environments and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjie Huang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Peng Gu
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Taihu Water Environment Research Center, Changzhou 213169, PR China
| | - Xuesong Cao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Hengfeng Miao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China.
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
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2
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Cappucci U, Proietti M, Casale AM, Schiavo S, Chiavarini S, Accardo S, Manzo S, Piacentini L. Assessing genotoxic effects of plastic leachates in Drosophila melanogaster. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 361:142440. [PMID: 38821133 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Plastic polymers were largely added with chemical substances to be utilized in the items and product manufacturing. The leachability of these substances is a matter of concern given the wide amount of plastic waste, particularly in terrestrial environments, where soil represents a sink for these novel contaminants and a possible pathway of human health risk. In this study, we integrated genetic, molecular, and behavioral approaches to comparatively evaluate toxicological effects of plastic leachates, virgin and oxodegradable polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE), in Drosophila melanogaster, a novel in vivo model organism for environmental monitoring studies and (eco)toxicological research. The results of this study revealed that while conventional toxicological endpoints such as developmental times and longevity remain largely unaffected, exposure to plastic leachates induces chromosomal abnormalities and transposable element (TE) activation in neural tissues. The combined effects of DNA damage and TE mobilization contribute to genome instability and increase the likelihood of LOH events, thus potentiating tumor growth and metastatic behavior ofRasV12 clones. Collectively, these findings indicate that plastic leachates exert genotoxic effects in Drosophila thus highlighting potential risks associated with leachate-related plastic pollution and their implications for ecosystems and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Cappucci
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mirena Proietti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Assunta Maria Casale
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Schiavo
- ENEA, Department for Sustainability, Division Protection and Enhancement of the Natural Capital, P. le E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Na, Italy
| | - Salvatore Chiavarini
- ENEA, Department for Sustainability, Division Protection and Enhancement of the Natural Capital, P. le E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Na, Italy
| | - Sara Accardo
- ENEA, Department for Sustainability, Division Protection and Enhancement of the Natural Capital, P. le E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Na, Italy
| | - Sonia Manzo
- ENEA, Department for Sustainability, Division Protection and Enhancement of the Natural Capital, P. le E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Na, Italy.
| | - Lucia Piacentini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Yoo JW, Park JS, Lee YH, Choi TJ, Kim CB, Jeong TY, Kim CH, Kim TH, Lee YM. Toxic effects of fragmented polyethylene terephthalate particles on the marine rotifer Brachionus koreanus: Based on ingestion and egestion assay, in vivo toxicity test, and multi-omics analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134448. [PMID: 38728862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are a major concern in marine ecosystem because MPs are persistent and ubiquitous in oceans and are easily consumed by marine biota. Although many studies have reported the toxicity of MPs to marine biota, the toxicity of environmentally relevant types of MPs is little understood. We investigated the toxic effects of fragmented polyethylene terephthalate (PET) MP, one of the most abundant MPs in the ocean, on the marine rotifer Brachionus koreanus at the individual and molecular level. No significant rotifer mortality was observed after exposure to PET MPs for 24 and 48 h. The ingestion and egestion assays showed that rotifers readily ingested PET MPs in the absence of food but not when food was supplied; thus, there were also no chronic effects of PET MPs. In contrast, intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and glutathione S-transferase activity in rotifers were significantly increased by PET MPs. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that genes and metabolites related to energy metabolism and immune processes were significantly affected by PET MPs in a concentration-dependent manner. Although acute toxicity of PET MPs was not observed, PET MPs are potentially toxic to the antioxidant system, immune system, and energy metabolism in rotifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Won Yoo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Ha Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-June Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Bae Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Jeong
- Department of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 81 Oedae-ro, Mohyeon-eup, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si 17035, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Hwa Kim
- Textile Innovation R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hee Kim
- Textile Innovation R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang L, García-Pérez P, Muñoz-Palazon B, Gonzalez-Martinez A, Lucini L, Rodriguez-Sanchez A. A metabolomics perspective on the effect of environmental micro and nanoplastics on living organisms: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 932:172915. [PMID: 38719035 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The increasing trend regarding the use of plastics has arisen an exponential concern on the fate of their derived products to the environment. Among these derivatives, microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) have been featured for their associated environmental impact due to their low molecular size and high surface area, which has prompted their ubiquitous transference among all environmental interfaces. Due to the heterogenous chemical composition of MNPs, the study of these particles has focused a high number of studies, as a result of the myriad of associated physicochemical properties that contribute to the co-transference of a wide range of contaminants, thus becoming a major challenge for the scientific community. In this sense, both primary and secondary MNPs are well-known to be adscribed to industrial and urbanized areas, from which they are massively released to the environment through a multiscale level, involving the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. Consequently, much research has been conducted on the understanding of the interconnection between those interfaces, that motivate the spread of these contaminants to biological systems, being mostly represented by the biosphere, especially phytosphere and, finally, the anthroposphere. These findings have highlighted the potential hazardous risk for human health through different mechanisms from the environment, requiring a much deeper approach to define the real risk of MNPs exposure. As a result, there is a gap of knowledge regarding the environmental impact of MNPs from a high-throughput perspective. In this review, a metabolomics-based overview on the impact of MNPs to all environmental interfaces was proposed, considering this technology a highly valuable tool to decipher the real impact of MNPs on biological systems, thus opening a novel perspective on the study of these contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zhang
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Pascual García-Pérez
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.
| | | | - Alejandro Gonzalez-Martinez
- Department of Microbiology, Campus Universitario de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, University of Granada, Spain; Institute of Water Research, Calle Ramon y Cajal 4, 18001, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Alejandro Rodriguez-Sanchez
- Department of Microbiology, Campus Universitario de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, University of Granada, Spain; Institute of Water Research, Calle Ramon y Cajal 4, 18001, University of Granada, Spain
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5
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Cheng S, Keang K, Cross JS. Evidence that microplastics at environmentally relevant concentration and size interfere with energy metabolism of microalgal community. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:134995. [PMID: 38909468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
To address two current issues in evaluating the toxicity of microplastics (MPs) namely, conflicting results due to species specificity and the ecological irrelevance of laboratory data, this study conducted a 10-day exposure experiment using a microalgal community comprising three symbiotic species. The experiment involved virgin and Benzo[a]pyrene-spiked micron-scale fibers and fragments made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polypropylene (PP). The results showed that, from a physiological perspective, environmentally relevant concentrations of micron-scale MPs decreased saccharide accumulation in microalgal cells, as confirmed by ultrastructural observations. MPs may increase cellular energy consumption by obstructing cellular motility, interfering with nutrient uptake, and causing sustained oxidative stress. Additionally, MPs and adsorbed B[a]P induced DNA damage in microalgae, potentially further disrupting cellular energy metabolism. Ecologically, MPs altered the species abundance in microalgal communities, suggesting they could weaken the ecological functions of these communities as producers and affect ecosystem diversity and stability. This study marks a significant advancement from traditional single-species toxicity experiments to community-level assessments, providing essential insights for ecological risk assessment of microplastics and guiding future mechanistic studies utilizing multi-omics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Cheng
- Department of Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kimleng Keang
- Department of Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeffrey S Cross
- Department of Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Mondellini S, Schwarzer M, Völkl M, Jasinski J, Jérôme V, Scheibel T, Laforsch C, Freitag R. Size dependent uptake and trophic transfer of polystyrene microplastics in unicellular freshwater eukaryotes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172470. [PMID: 38621530 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MP) have become a well-known and widely investigated environmental pollutant. Despite the huge amount of new studies investigating the potential threat posed by MP, the possible uptake and trophic transfer in lower trophic levels of freshwater ecosystems remains understudied. This study aims to investigate the internalization and potential trophic transfer of fluorescent polystyrene (PS) beads (0.5 μm, 3.6 × 108 particles/mL; 6 μm, 2.1 × 105 particles/mL) and fragments (<30 μm, 5 × 103 particles/mL) in three unicellular eukaryotes. This study focuses on the size-dependent uptake of MP by two freshwater Ciliophora, Tetrahymena pyriformis, Paramecium caudatum and one Amoebozoa, Amoeba proteus, serving also as predator for experiments on potential trophic transfer. Size-dependent uptake of MP in all three unicellular eukaryotes was shown. P. caudatum is able to take up MP fragments up to 27.7 μm, while T. pyriformis ingests particles up to 10 μm. In A. proteus, small MP (PS0.5μm and PS6μm) were taken up via pinocytosis and were detected in the cytoplasm for up to 14 days after exposure. Large PS-MP (PS<30μm) were detected in A. proteus only after predation on MP-fed Ciliophora. These results indicate that A. proteus ingests larger MP via predation on Ciliophora (PS<30μm), which would not be taken up otherwise. This study shows trophic transfer of MP at the base of the aquatic food web and serves as basis to study the impact of MP in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Mondellini
- Animal Ecology I and BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Michael Schwarzer
- Animal Ecology I and BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Matthias Völkl
- Process Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Julia Jasinski
- Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Valérie Jérôme
- Process Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Thomas Scheibel
- Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany; Bayerisches Polymerinstitut (BPI), University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany; Bayreuther Zentrum für Kolloide und Grenzflächen (BZKG), University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany; Bayreuther Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften (BZMB), University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany; Bayreuther Materialzentrum (BayMAT), University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Christian Laforsch
- Animal Ecology I and BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Ruth Freitag
- Process Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany; Bayreuther Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften (BZMB), University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
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7
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Rolf M, Laermanns H, Horn J, Kienzler L, Pohl C, Dierkes G, Kernchen S, Laforsch C, Löder MGJ, Bogner C. Multi-method analysis of microplastic distribution by flood frequency and local topography in Rhine floodplains. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:171927. [PMID: 38556006 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Rivers are important transport pathways for microplastics into the ocean, but they can also be potential sinks due to microplastic deposition in the sediments of the river bed and adjacent floodplains. In particular, floods can (re)mobilise microplastics from sediments and floodplains, (re)deposit and relocate them depending on the floodplain topography. The knowledge about fluvial microplastic input to floodplains, their spatial distribution and their fate in floodplain soils is limited. To investigate this topic, we sampled soil at a depth of 5-20 cm along three transects in three different Rhine floodplains. We analysed the soil samples in tandem with pyrolysis GC/MS and ATR- & μ-FPA-FTIR for their microplastic abundance and mass concentrations. To study the influence of flood frequency on the microplastic abundance in the three floodplains, we fitted a hydrodynamic flood model (MIKE 21, DHI, Hørsholm, Denmark) and related the results to the respective spatial microplastic distribution. We found similar microplastic distribution patterns in each floodplain. The highest microplastic abundance (8516-70,124 microplastics kg-1) and mass concentration (46.2-141.6 mg kg-1) were consistently found in the farthest transects from the Rhine in a topographical depression. This microplastic distribution pattern is detectable with both, pyrolysis GC/MS and FTIR. The strongest correlation between the results of both methods was found for small, abundant microplastic particles. Our results suggest that the spatial distribution of microplastics in floodplains is related to the combination of flood frequency and local topography, that ought to be explicitly considered in future studies conducted in floodplains. Finally, our results indicate that pyrolysis GC/MS and FTIR data are comparable under certain conditions, which may help in the decision for the analytical method and sampling design in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Rolf
- Ecosystem Research Group, Institute of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Straße 45, 50674 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Hannes Laermanns
- Ecosystem Research Group, Institute of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Straße 45, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Julia Horn
- Ecosystem Research Group, Institute of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Straße 45, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lukas Kienzler
- Ecosystem Research Group, Institute of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Straße 45, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Pohl
- Director Business Development D-A-CH, DHI WASY GmbH, Volmerstraße 8, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Dierkes
- German Federal Institute of Hydrology, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Sarmite Kernchen
- Animal Ecology I, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Christian Laforsch
- Animal Ecology I, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Martin G J Löder
- Animal Ecology I, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Christina Bogner
- Ecosystem Research Group, Institute of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Straße 45, 50674 Cologne, Germany.
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Lin Z, Li Z, Ji S, Lo HS, Billah B, Sharmin A, Lui WY, Tse WKF, Fang JKH, Lai KP, Li L. Microplastics from face mask impairs sperm motility. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 203:116422. [PMID: 38749155 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in unprecedented plastic pollution from single-used personal protective equipment (PPE), especially face masks, in coastal and marine environments. The secondary pollutants, microplastics from face masks (mask MP), rise concern about their detrimental effects on marine organisms, terrestrial organisms and even human. Using a mouse model, oral exposure to mask MP at two doses, 0.1 and 1 mg MP/day for 21 days, caused no change in animal locomotion, total weight, or sperm counts, but caused damage to sperm motility with increased curvilinear velocity (VCL). The high-dose mask MP exposure caused a significant decrease in linearity (LIN) of sperm motility. Further testicular transcriptomic analysis revealed perturbed pathways related to spermatogenesis, oxidative stress, inflammation, metabolism and energy production. Collectively, our findings substantiate that microplastics from face masks yield adverse effects on mammalian reproductive capacity, highlighting the need for improved plastic waste management and development of environmentally friendly materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Lin
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zijie Li
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuqin Ji
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hoi Shing Lo
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Baki Billah
- Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ayesha Sharmin
- Department of Chemistry, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Wing-Yee Lui
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - William Ka Fai Tse
- Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology, Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - James Kar-Hei Fang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Keng Po Lai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Lei Li
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China.
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9
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Lin Z, Li Z, Ji S, Lo HS, Billah B, Sharmin A, Han X, Lui WY, Tse WKF, Fang JKH, Zhang C, Shang X, Lai KP, Li L. Size-dependent deleterious effects of nano- and microplastics on sperm motility. Toxicology 2024; 506:153834. [PMID: 38763425 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Growing concerns regarding the reproductive toxicity associated with daily life exposure to micro-/nano-plastics (abbreviated as MNPs) have become increasingly prevalent. In reality, MNPs exposure involves a heterogeneous mixture of MNPs of different sizes rather than a single size. METHODS In this study, an oral exposure mouse model was used to evaluate the effects of MNPs of four size ranges: 25-30 nm, 1-5 µm, 20-27 µm, and 125-150 µm. Adult male C57BL/6 J mice were administered environmentally relevant concentrations of 0.1 mg MNPs/day for 21 days. After that, open field test and computer assisted sperm assessment (CASA) were conducted. Immunohistochemical analyses of organ and cell type localization of MNPs were evaluated. Testicular transcriptome analysis was carried out to understand the molecular mechanisms. RESULTS Our result showed that MNPs of different size ranges all impaired sperm motility, with a decrease in progressive sperm motility, linearity and straight-line velocity of sperm movement. Alterations did not manifest in animal locomotion, body weight, or sperm count. Noteworthy effects were most pronounced in the smaller MNPs size ranges (25-30 nm and 1-5 µm). Linear regression analysis substantiated a negative correlation between the size of MNPs and sperm curvilinear activity. Immunohistochemical analysis unveiled the intrusions of 1-5 µm MNPs, but not 20-27 µm and 125-150 µm MNPs, into Leydig cells and testicular macrophages. Further testicular transcriptomic analysis revealed perturbations in pathways related to spermatogenesis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Particularly within the 1-5 µm MNPs group, a heightened perturbation in pathways linked to spermatogenesis and oxidative stress was observed. CONCLUSIONS Our data support the size-dependent impairment of MNPs on sperm functionality, underscoring the pressing need for apprehensions about and interventions against the escalation of environmental micro-/nano-plastics contamination. This urgency is especially pertinent to small-sized MNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Lin
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zijie Li
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuqin Ji
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hoi Shing Lo
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Baki Billah
- Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ayesha Sharmin
- Department of Chemistry, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Xiaofang Han
- Core Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital (Fifth Hospital) of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wing-Yee Lui
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - William Ka Fai Tse
- Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology, Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - James Kar-Hei Fang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Chunqiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuejun Shang
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Keng Po Lai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Lei Li
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China.
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10
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Paul I, Mondal P, Haldar D, Halder G. Beyond the cradle - Amidst microplastics and the ongoing peril during pregnancy and neonatal stages: A holistic review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133963. [PMID: 38461669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Advancements in research concerning the occurrence of microplastics (MPs) in human blood, sputum, urine, and breast milk samples have piqued the interest of the scientific community, prompting further investigation. MPs present in the placenta, amniotic fluid, and meconium raise concerns about interference with embryonic development, leading to preeclampsia, stillbirth, preterm birth, and spontaneous abortion. The challenges posed by MPs extend beyond pregnancy, affecting the digestive, reproductive, circulatory, immune, and central nervous systems. This has spurred scientists to examine the origins of MPs in distinct environmental layers, including air, water, and soil. These risks continue after birth, as neonates are continuously exposed to MPs through everyday items such as breast milk, cow milk and infant milk powder, as well as plastic-based products like feeding bottles and breast milk storage bags. It is the need of the hour to strike a balance amidst lifestyle changes, alternative choices to traditional plastic products, raising awareness about plastic-related health risks, and fostering collaboration between the scientific community and policymakers. This review aims to provide fresh insights into potential sources of MP pollution, with a specific focus on pregnancy and neonates. It is the first compilation of its kind so far that includes critical studies on recently reported discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrani Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Brainware University, Kolkata 700125, West Bengal, India
| | - Pritam Mondal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Dibyajyoti Haldar
- Division of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore 641114, India
| | - Gopinath Halder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India.
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11
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Kim C, Kalčíková G, Jung J. Role of benzophenone-3 additive in the effect of polyethylene microplastics on Daphnia magna population dynamics. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 270:106901. [PMID: 38493548 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The adverse effects of microplastics (MPs) on Daphnia magna have been extensively studied; however, their population-level effects are relatively unknown. This study investigated the effect of polyethylene MP fragments (33.90 ± 17.44 μm) and benzophenone-3 (BP-3), which is a widely used plastic additive (2.91 ± 0.02% w/w), on D. magna population dynamics in a 34-day microcosm experiment. In the growth phase, neither MP nor MP/BP-3 fragments changed the population size of D. magna compared with the control. However, MP/BP-3 fragments significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the population biomass compared to that of the control, whereas MP fragments did not induce a significant reduction. The MP/BP-3 group had a significantly higher (p < 0.05) neonate proportion than that in the control and MP groups. MP/BP-3 fragments upregulated usp and downregulated ecrb, ftz-f1, and hr3, altering gene expression in the ecdysone signaling pathway linked to D. magna growth and development. These findings suggested that BP-3 in MP/BP-3 fragments may disrupt neonatal growth, thereby decreasing population biomass. In the decline phase, MP fragments significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the population size and biomass of D. magna compared with the control and MP/BP-3 fragments. This study highlights the importance of plastic additives in the population-level ecotoxicity of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhae Kim
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, the Republic of Korea
| | - Gabriela Kalčíková
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, 113 Večna pot, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jinho Jung
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, the Republic of Korea.
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12
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Wang T, Yi Z, Liu X, Cai Y, Huang X, Fang J, Shen R, Lu W, Xiao Y, Zhuang W, Guo S. Multimodal detection and analysis of microplastics in human thrombi from multiple anatomically distinct sites. EBioMedicine 2024; 103:105118. [PMID: 38614011 PMCID: PMC11021838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microplastic (MP) pollution has emerged as a significant environmental concern worldwide. While extensive research has focused on their presence in marine organisms and ecosystems, their potential impact on human health, particularly on the circulatory system, remains understudied. This project aimed to identify and quantify the mass concentrations, polymer types, and physical properties of MPs in human thrombi surgically retrieved from both arterial and venous systems at three anatomically distinct sites, namely, cerebral arteries in the brain, coronary arteries in the heart, and deep veins in the lower extremities. Furthermore, this study aimed to investigate the potential association between the levels of MPs and disease severity. METHODS Thrombus samples were collected from 30 patients who underwent thrombectomy procedures due to ischaemic stroke (IS), myocardial infarction (MI), or deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Pyrolysis-gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) was employed to identify and quantify the mass concentrations of the MPs. Laser direct infrared (LDIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyse the physical properties of the MPs. Demographic and clinical information were also examined. A rigorous quality control system was used to eliminate potential environmental contamination. FINDINGS MPs were detected by Py-GC/MS in 80% (24/30) of the thrombi obtained from patients with IS, MI, or DVT, with median concentrations of 61.75 μg/g, 141.80 μg/g, and 69.62 μg/g, respectively. Among the 10 target types of MP polymers, polyamide 66 (PA66), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyethylene (PE) were identified. Further analyses suggested that higher concentrations of MPs may be associated with greater disease severity (adjusted β = 7.72, 95% CI: 2.01-13.43, p < 0.05). The level of D-dimer in the MP-detected group was significantly higher than that in the MP-undetected group (8.3 ± 1.5 μg/L vs 6.6 ± 0.5 μg/L, p < 0.001). Additionally, LDIR analysis showed that PE was dominant among the 15 types of identified MPs, accounting for 53.6% of all MPs, with a mean diameter of 35.6 μm. The shapes of the polymers detected using LDIR and SEM were found to be heterogeneous. INTERPRETATION This study presents both qualitative and quantitative evidence of the presence of MPs, and their mass concentrations, polymer types, and physical properties in thrombotic diseases through the use of multimodal detection methods. Higher concentrations of MPs may be associated with increased disease severity. Future research with a larger sample size is urgently needed to identify the sources of exposure and validate the observed trends in the study. FUNDING This study was funded by the SUMC Scientific Research Initiation Grant (SRIG, No. 009-510858038), Postdoctoral Research Initiation Grant (No. 202205230031-3), and the 2020 Li Ka Shing Foundation Cross-Disciplinary Research Grant (No. 2020LKSFG02C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhiheng Yi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yuxin Cai
- Intervention Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xianxi Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jingnian Fang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ronghuai Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Weikun Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yingxiu Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Weiduan Zhuang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
| | - Shaowei Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
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13
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Harper BJ, Engstrom AM, Harper SL, Mackiewicz MR. Impacts of Differentially Shaped Silver Nanoparticles with Increasingly Complex Hydrophobic Thiol Surface Coatings in Small-Scale Laboratory Microcosms. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:654. [PMID: 38668148 PMCID: PMC11054431 DOI: 10.3390/nano14080654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the impacts of spherical and triangular-plate-shaped lipid-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) designed to prevent surface oxidation and silver ion (Ag+) dissolution in a small-scale microcosm to examine the role of shape and surface functionalization on biological interactions. Exposures were conducted in microcosms consisting of algae, bacteria, crustaceans, and fish embryos. Each microcosm was exposed to one of five surface chemistries within each shape profile (at 0, 0.1, or 0.5 mg Ag/L) to investigate the role of shape and surface composition on organismal uptake and toxicity. The hybrid lipid-coated AgNPs did not result in any significant release of Ag+ and had the most significant toxicity to D. magna, the most sensitive species, although the bacterial population growth rate was reduced in all exposures. Despite AgNPs resulting in increasing algal growth over the experiment, we found no correlation between algal growth and the survival of D. magna, suggesting that the impacts of the AgNPs on bacterial survival influenced algal growth rates. No significant impacts on zebrafish embryos were noted in any exposure. Our results demonstrate that the size, shape, and surface chemistry of AgNPs can be engineered to achieve specific goals while mitigating nanoparticle risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan J. Harper
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (B.J.H.); (A.M.E.)
| | - Arek M. Engstrom
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (B.J.H.); (A.M.E.)
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Stacey L. Harper
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (B.J.H.); (A.M.E.)
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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14
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Kwabena Danso I, Woo JH, Hoon Baek S, Kim K, Lee K. Pulmonary toxicity assessment of polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyethylene microplastic fragments in mice. Toxicol Res 2024; 40:313-323. [PMID: 38525136 PMCID: PMC10959865 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-023-00224-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polyethylene (PE) plastics are commonly used in household items such as electronic housings, food packaging, bottles, bags, toys, and roofing membranes. The presence of inhalable microplastics in indoor air has become a topic of concern as many people spent extended periods of time indoors during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown restrictions, however, the toxic effects on the respiratory system are not properly understood. We examined the toxicity of PP, PS, and PE microplastic fragments in the pulmonary system of C57BL/6 mice. For 14 days, mice were intratracheally instilled 5 mg/kg PP, PS, and PE daily. The number of inflammatory cells such as macrophages, neutrophils, and eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of PS-instilled mice was significantly higher than that in the vehicle control (VC). The levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in BALF of PS-instilled mice increased compared to the VC. However, the inflammatory responses in PP- and PE-stimulated mice were not significantly different from those in the VC group. We observed elevated protein levels of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 in the lung tissue of PP-instilled mice and TLR4 in the lung tissue of PS-instilled mice compared with those to the VC, while TLR1, TLR5, and TLR6 protein levels remained unchanged. Phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and IĸB-α increased significantly in PS-instilled mice compared with that in VC. Furthermore, Nucleotide‑binding oligomerization domain‑like receptor family pyrin domain‑containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome components including NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), and Caspase-1 in the lung tissue of PS-instilled mice increased compared with that in the VC, but not in PP- and PE-instilled mice. These results suggest that PS microplastic fragment stimulation induces pulmonary inflammation due to NF-ĸB and NLRP3 inflammasome activation by the TLR4 pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43188-023-00224-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Kwabena Danso
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-Gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212 Republic of Korea
- Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, Korea National University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Woo
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-Gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212 Republic of Korea
- Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeollabuk do, Iksan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Baek
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-Gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212 Republic of Korea
- Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, Korea National University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113 Republic of Korea
| | - Kilsoo Kim
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061 Republic of Korea
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Buk-Gu, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuhong Lee
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-Gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212 Republic of Korea
- Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, Korea National University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113 Republic of Korea
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15
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Luo D, Wang Z, Liao Z, Chen G, Ji X, Sang Y, Qu L, Chen Z, Wang Z, Dahlgren RA, Zhang M, Shang X. Airborne microplastics in urban, rural and wildland environments on the Tibetan Plateau. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133177. [PMID: 38064947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The concentration of airborne microplastics is largely unknown in the remote high mountain area of the Tibetan Plateau. Here we report airborne microplastic concentrations of 2.5-58.8 n/m3 in urban, rural and wildland areas across the Tibetan Plateau, with smaller (∼89% <100 µm) fragments (>80%) dominating. Polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polyamide and polystyrene were the dominant polymers of airborne microplastics on the Tibetan Plateau. Distribution of airborne microplastics was positively correlated with anthropogenic activity indices, such as population density and nighttime light intensity. Although the contribution of long-range atmospheric transport is valid, dispersed villages also appear to be a source of airborne microplastics for wildland areas across the Tibetan Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehua Luo
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhenfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhonglu Liao
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xiaoliang Ji
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yanfang Sang
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liyin Qu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Zhonggen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Randy A Dahlgren
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Minghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Xu Shang
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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16
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Li C, Li X, Bank MS, Dong T, Fang JKH, Leusch FDL, Rillig MC, Wang J, Wang L, Xia Y, Xu EG, Yang Y, Zhang C, Zhu D, Liu J, Jin L. The "Microplastome" - A Holistic Perspective to Capture the Real-World Ecology of Microplastics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:4060-4069. [PMID: 38331396 PMCID: PMC10919093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution, an emerging pollution issue, has become a significant environmental concern globally due to its ubiquitous, persistent, complex, toxic, and ever-increasing nature. As a multifaceted and diverse suite of small plastic particles with different physicochemical properties and associated matters such as absorbed chemicals and microbes, future research on microplastics will need to comprehensively consider their multidimensional attributes. Here, we introduce a novel, conceptual framework of the "microplastome", defined as the entirety of various plastic particles (<5 mm), and their associated matters such as chemicals and microbes, found within a sample and its overall environmental and toxicological impacts. As a novel concept, this paper aims to emphasize and call for a collective quantification and characterization of microplastics and for a more holistic understanding regarding the differences, connections, and effects of microplastics in different biotic and abiotic ecosystem compartments. Deriving from this lens, we present our insights and prospective trajectories for characterization, risk assessment, and source apportionment of microplastics. We hope this new paradigm can guide and propel microplastic research toward a more holistic era and contribute to an informed strategy for combating this globally important environmental pollution issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchao Li
- Environment
Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Michael S. Bank
- Institute
of Marine Research, 5005 Bergen, Norway
- University
of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Tao Dong
- Department
of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - James Kar-Hei Fang
- Department
of Food Science and Nutrition and Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- State Key
Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University
of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Frederic D. L. Leusch
- Australian
Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, 4222 Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Jie Wang
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation,
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lei Wang
- MOE Key
Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yu Xia
- School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Elvis Genbo Xu
- Department
of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Yuyi Yang
- Key Laboratory
of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Environment
Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Dong Zhu
- Key Laboratory
of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Environment
Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ling Jin
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- State Key
Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University
of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong 999077, Hong Kong
- Department
of Health Technology and Informatics, The
Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
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17
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Szkudlarek M, Najbar B, Jankowiak Ł. Similarity of Microplastic Characteristics between Amphibian Larvae and Their Aquatic Environment. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:717. [PMID: 38473103 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Microplastics, pervasive environmental pollutants, are found across various ecosystems, including small inland water bodies. They are reported in different environmental media, yet little is known about the mutual relationships of microplastics' properties across components of small inland water bodies. Here, having extracted and analyzed these particles from water, sediment, and amphibian larvae from 23 sites, we test within-site similarities regarding shape (morphological type), color, and chemical composition (polymer type). We also provide a brief characterization of the microplastics extracted from water and sediment regarding these parameters. We observed a statistically significant similarity of microplastics' shapes and colors between those extracted from water and amphibian larvae. Such a similarity, though less pronounced, was also found between amphibian larvae and sediment. However, the chemical composition (polymer type) of the microplastics from water, sediment, and amphibian larvae did not exhibit any similarities beyond what would be expected by chance. The observed congruence in the colors and shapes of microplastics between amphibian larvae and their corresponding aquatic habitats underscores the profound interconnectedness among the constituents of freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Szkudlarek
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Profesora Zygmunta Szafrana 1, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Technical Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Al. Wojska Polskiego 69, 65-762 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Najbar
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Profesora Zygmunta Szafrana 1, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Łukasz Jankowiak
- Department of Ecology and Anthropology, Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Wąska 13, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland
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18
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Ding R, Chen Y, Shi X, Li Y, Yu Y, Sun Z, Duan J. Size-dependent toxicity of polystyrene microplastics on the gastrointestinal tract: Oxidative stress related-DNA damage and potential carcinogenicity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169514. [PMID: 38135073 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) have been generally regarded as emerging pollutants and received worldwide attention in recent years. Water and food consumption are the primary pathways for human exposure to MPs/NPs, thus gastrointestinal tracts may be susceptible to their toxicity. Although the recent report has indicated the presence of MPs/NPs in multiple human organs, little is known about their gastric effects. Therefore, this study focused on the adverse effects of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on gastric epithelium in vivo and in vitro. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) revealed the distribution of PS-MPs was associated with their particle sizes, and predominantly concentrated in gastric tissues. Gastric barrier injury and mitochondrial damage were observed in rats after exposure to PS-MPs. Compared with the larger ones, polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) more significantly reduced the activity of antioxidant enzymes while enhancing the level of MDA, 8-OhdG and γ-H2AX. Meanwhile, PS-MPs caused upregulation of β-catenin/YAP through redox-dependent regulation of nucleoredoxin (NXN) and dishevelled (Dvl). These findings supported the size-dependent effects of PS-MPs on oxidative stress and DNA damage. Moreover, the redox-dependent activation of the β-catenin/YAP cascade suggested a novel toxic mechanism for PS-MPs and implied the potential carcinogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Ding
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yueyue Chen
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Xuemin Shi
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
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19
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Hu J, Hu J. Mineralization characteristics and behavior of polyethylene microplastics through ozone-based treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140839. [PMID: 38040265 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The elimination of microplastics (MPs) has become an urgent issue due to their large quantities and imperfect treatment technologies. In this work, polyethylene (PE), which is ubiquitous in the environment, was selected to study its removal by ozone-based treatment. Catalysts including α-MnO2 and α-FeOOH were synthesized for catalytic ozonation to improve efficiency. The study focused on simulating the conversion of CO2 in the off-gas via the detection of inorganic carbon produced. The morphology and structure of the remaining PE MPs were characterized using scanning electron microscope and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflection. Our results confirmed that fragmentation and oxidation occurred in the remaining PE MPs, which enhanced the adsorption capacity of ofloxacin (OF). Besides, the 20 mM α-FeOOH could better improve the mineralization efficiency by 3.27 folds with more production of •OH (1.09*10-12 M). Moreover, possible products identified by liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometer confirmed the decomposition of main chains of MPs into low-molecular-weight organic compounds with functional groups such as C-OH, C-O-C, and CO. The finding that photoaged PE MPs could be efficiently mineralized under the attack of O3/•OH provides a solid foundation for the removal of natural MPs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Hu
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, 117576, Singapore
| | - Jiangyong Hu
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, 117576, Singapore.
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20
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Steiner T, Leitner LC, Zhang Y, Möller JN, Löder MGJ, Greiner A, Laforsch C, Freitag R. Detection and specific chemical identification of submillimeter plastic fragments in complex matrices such as compost. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2282. [PMID: 38280916 PMCID: PMC10821947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51185-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Research on the plastic contamination of organic fertilizer (compost) has largely concentrated on particles and fragments > 1 mm. Small, submillimeter microplastic particles may be more hazardous to the environment. However, research on their presence in composts has been impeded by the difficulty to univocally identify small plastic particles in such complex matrices. Here a method is proposed for the analysis of particles between 0.01 and 1.0 mm according to number, size, and polymer type in compost. As a first demonstration of its potential, the method is used to determine large and small microplastic in composts from eight municipal compost producing plants: three simple biowaste composters, four plants processing greenery and cuttings and one two-stage biowaste digester-composter. While polyethylene, PE, tends to dominate among fragments > 1 mm, the microplastic fraction contained more polypropylene, PP. Whereas the contamination with PE/PP microplastic was similar over the investigated composts, only composts prepared from biowaste contained microplastic with a signature of biodegradable plastic, namely poly(butylene adipate co-terephthalate), PBAT. Moreover, in these composts PBAT microplastic tended to form the largest fraction. When the bulk of residual PBAT in the composts was analyzed by chloroform extraction, an inverse correlation between the number of particles > 0.01 mm and the total extracted amount was seen, arguing for breakdown into smaller particles, but not necessarily a mass reduction. PBAT oligomers and monomers as possible substrates for subsequent biodegradation were not found. Remaining microplastic will enter the environment with the composts, where its subsequent degradability depends on the local conditions and is to date largely uninvestigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Steiner
- Process Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | - Yuanhu Zhang
- Macromolecular Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Julia N Möller
- Animal Ecology I & BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Martin G J Löder
- Animal Ecology I & BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Andreas Greiner
- Macromolecular Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | - Ruth Freitag
- Process Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany.
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21
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Saad D, Alamin H. The first evidence of microplastic presence in the River Nile in Khartoum, Sudan: Using Nile Tilapia fish as a bio-indicator. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23393. [PMID: 38163211 PMCID: PMC10755307 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The extent of microplastics in African freshwater systems remains less investigated. In Sudan, there is no single study reporting microplastics in water bodies. This scoping study aimed to investigate the presence and characteristics of microplastics (MPs) in Nile Tilapia fish from the River Nile in Khartoum, Sudan. The digestive tracts of the fish were digested using 10% potassium hydroxide, and microplastic particles were extracted by density separation using sodium iodide. 567 particles of different sizes (0.04-4.94 mm), shapes (fibers, fragments, films, foams, and pellets), and colours (mostly green, black, blue, and grey) were identified as microplastics. The average abundance of microplastics was 72.02 ± 62.06 particles/kg, and the average intensity was 18.90 ± 9.17 MPs/fish. Small-sized (<1 mm), fibrous-shaped, and coloured microplastics were most abundant in all samples, representing 56%, 85%, and 84%, respectively. Surface examination by SEM showed signs of fragmentation such as cracks, pits, and pores. Two polymer types (high-density polyethylene and polypropylene) were identified by Raman spectroscopy. The predominance of fibers and fragments (94.5%) over pellets (0.35%) and the apparent signs of fragmentation may indicate that MPs are mostly secondary MPs. Wastewater effluent, domestic discharge, and recreational activities are the potential sources. This scoping investigation provided the first data on microplastic presence in the River Nile in Khartoum, and it could be used to guide future studies to fill research gaps in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Saad
- School of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Hadeel Alamin
- School of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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22
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An G, Na J, Song J, Jung J. Chronic toxicity of biodegradable microplastic (Polylactic acid) to Daphnia magna: A comparison with polyethylene terephthalate. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 266:106790. [PMID: 38070395 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024]
Abstract
The increase in the usage of biodegradable microplastics (MPs) as an alternative to conventional plastics has necessitated comprehensive ecotoxicity assessments of biodegradable MPs alongside conventional MPs. This study aimed to assess ecotoxicity of biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) MPs at concentration of 1 and 5 mgL-1 including a genetic analysis of Daphnia magna, and compared to effects of conventional polyethylene terephthalate (PET) MPs. The survival rate for D. magna exposed to 5 mg L-1 of PLA-MPs declined to 52.4 %, signifying a higher rate of mortality when contrasted with PET-MPs, which exhibited 85.7 % survival rate. Chronic exposure to 1 and 5 mgL-1 PLA-MPs resulted in a decrease of offspring, while increasing the sex ratio and deformed embryo. Interestingly, down-regulation of the SOD and AK genes was observed in D. magna after exposure to 5 mgL-1 of PLA-MPs, while 1 mgL-1 of PLA-MPs up-regulated. These results means that 5 mgL-1 PLA-MP could not produce energy and cope with oxidative stress, resulting in high mortality, and 1 mgL-1 of MP was maintained survival due to energy production and antioxidant action. This study contributes to our understanding of biodegradable microplastics (BMPs) toxic effects on D. magna which could be similar to conventional MPs and provide the importance of ecotoxicological data for risk assessment of BMPs in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gersan An
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joorim Na
- OJeong Resilience Institute (OJERI), Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jinyoung Song
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Jung
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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23
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Chen X, Wang X, Huang Y, Zhu Z, Li T, Cai Z, Li M, Gong H, Yan M. Combined effects of microplastics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria on Daphnia magna growth and expression of functional genes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:166880. [PMID: 37709097 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics could act as vectors for the transport of harmful bacteria, such as pathogens and antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB), but their combined effects have not been reported yet. Here, ARB Shigella flexneri with sulfonamides resistance and micro-polystyrene (micro-PS) were used to investigate their possible combined effects on the growth and expression of functional genes in Daphnia magna. Results showed that micro-PS colonized with S. flexneri were ingested by D. magna and blocked in their intestine after 24 h exposure. Changes were observed in the life history and morphology of D. magna, as well as the expression of functional genes in all treatments, but with no difference in the survival rate. We also determined the expression of six functional genes involved in energy and metabolism (arginine kinase, AK) and oxidative stress response (thioredoxin reductase, TRxR, catalase, CAT, and glutathione S-transferases, GSTs), as well as in growth, development and reproduction (vitellogenin, Vtg1 and ecdysone receptor, EcR). AK and Vtg1 did not show significant differences, however, EcR was down-regulated and the other three genes (TRxR, CAT, GSTs) were up-regulated in the combined-treated group. Antibiotic resistance gene (ARGs) sul1 was detected when exposed to micro-PS colonized with S. flexneri., suggesting that D. magna could acquire resistance genes through microplastic biofilms. These results indicated that MPs could act as a carrier of ARB to transfer ARGs into D. magna, and affect the life history, morphology, and the expression of related functional genes of D. magna, to adapt to the stress caused by MPs and ARB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Xiaocui Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yuanyin Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Ziying Zhu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Tianmu Li
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Zeming Cai
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Minqian Li
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Han Gong
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Muting Yan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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24
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Ju T, Yang K, Chang L, Zhang K, Wang X, Zhang J, Xu B, Li Y. Microplastics sequestered in the soil affect the turnover and stability of soil aggregates: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166776. [PMID: 37666334 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Plastic products have become ubiquitous in society, and entered various ecosystems due to the massive scale of production. The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) has listed microplastics (MPs), which form when plastic remnants degrade, as a global emerging pollutant, and the association between soil pollution and MPs has become a popular research topic. This paper systematically reviews research focusing on MP-related soil pollution from the past 10 years (2012-2022), with the identified papers demonstrating that interactions between MPs and soil aggregates has become a research frontier in the field. The presented research provides evidence that soil aggregates are important storage sites for MPs, and that storage patterns of MPs within soil aggregates are influenced by MP characteristics. In addition, MPs affect the formation, turnover, and stability of soil aggregates through the introduction of fracture points along with diverse physicochemical characteristics such as composition and specific surface area. The current knowledge base includes certain issues and challenges that could be addressed in future research by extending the spatial and temporal scales over which microplastic-soil aggregate interactions are studied, unifying quantitative and qualitative methods, and tracing the fates of MPs in the soil matrix. This review contributes to enriching our understanding of how terrestrial MPs interact with soil aggregates, and whether they pose a risk to soil health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhang Ju
- College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Chang
- College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Keyi Zhang
- College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Xingyi Wang
- College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Jialin Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Yuefen Li
- College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China.
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25
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Vattanasit U, Kongpran J, Ikeda A. Airborne microplastics: A narrative review of potential effects on the human respiratory system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166745. [PMID: 37673257 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
There has been growing evidence showing the widespread of airborne microplastics (AMPs) in many regions of the world, raising concerns about their impact on human health. This review aimed to consolidate recent literature on AMPs regarding their physical and chemical characteristics, deposition in the human respiratory tract, translocation, occurrence from human studies, and toxic effects determined in vitro and in vivo. The physical characteristics influence interactions with cell membranes, cellular internalization, accumulation, and cytotoxicity resulting from cell membrane damage and oxidative stress. In addition, prolonged exposure to AMP-associated toxic chemicals might lead to significant health effects. Most toxicological assessments of AMPs in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated that oxidative stress and inflammation are major mechanisms of action for their toxic effects. Elevated reactive oxygen species production could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory responses, and subsequent apoptosis in experimental models. To date, there has been some evidence suggesting exposure in humans. However, the data are still insufficient, and adverse human health effects need to be investigated. Future research on the existence, exposure, and health effects of AMPs is required for developing preventive and mitigation measures to protect human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udomratana Vattanasit
- Department of Environmental Health and Technology, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
| | - Jira Kongpran
- Department of Environmental Health and Technology, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Atsuko Ikeda
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 0600812, Japan; Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 0600812, Japan
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26
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Rozman U, Klun B, Kuljanin A, Skalar T, Kalčíková G. Insights into the shape-dependent effects of polyethylene microplastics on interactions with organisms, environmental aging, and adsorption properties. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22147. [PMID: 38092860 PMCID: PMC10719240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The shape-dependent effects of microplastics have been studied in the context of ingestion but have not been considered in other environmental processes. Therefore, we investigated how the shape of polyethylene microplastics (spheres, fragments, and films) affects interactions with plants, aging, and their adsorption properties. The shape had no effect on the growth rate and chlorophyll content of duckweed Lemna minor, but the fragments strongly adhered to the plant biomass and reduced the root length. The adsorption process of the model organic compound (methylene blue dye) was described by the same kinetic model for all shapes-the experimental data best fit the pseudo-second order model. However, twice as much methylene blue was adsorbed on films as on fragments and spheres. During environmental aging, most biofilm developed on films. The biofilm on spheres contained significantly less photosynthetic microorganisms, but twice as much extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) as on fragments and films. This suggests that the attachment of microorganisms to spherical particles is limited and therefore more intensive production of EPS is required for stable biofilm formation. From the results of this study, it is evident that the shape of microplastics significantly affects not only ecotoxicity but also other environmentally relevant processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ula Rozman
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 113 Večna pot, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Barbara Klun
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 113 Večna pot, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleksandra Kuljanin
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 113 Večna pot, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tina Skalar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 113 Večna pot, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gabriela Kalčíková
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 113 Večna pot, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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27
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Hong Y, Wu S, Wei G. Adverse effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on the reproductive system: A comprehensive review of fertility and potential harmful interactions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166258. [PMID: 37579804 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) have caused ubiquitous environmental pollution and raised widespread concern about their potential toxicity to human health, especially in the reproductive system. Moreover, infertility affects >15 % of couples worldwide, and the birth rate is decreasing. Environmental factors are some of the most important causes of infertility. However, little is known about the effects of MPs and NPs on the testes and ovaries. These particles can enter the body primarily via ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact, target the reproductive system in a size-dependent manner and disturb germ cell and other somatic cell development. Our study systematically reviewed the adverse effects of plastic particles on reproductive function and offers valuable insights into the different stages of germ cells and the potential mechanisms. Moreover, the synergistic reproductive toxicity of these particles and carried contaminants was summarized. Given the limited research scale, a shift toward innovative technologies and the adoption of multiple omics are recommended for advancing related studies. Further study is needed to explore the reproductive toxicity of MPs and NPs based on their size, polymer type, shape, and carried toxins, establish effective protective measures, and develop precision medicine for targeted reproductive damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Hong
- Department of Urology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, PR China
| | - Shengde Wu
- Department of Urology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, PR China.
| | - Guanghui Wei
- Department of Urology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, PR China
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28
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Lin Q, Pang L, Ngo HH, Guo W, Zhao S, Liu L, Chen L, Li F. Occurrence of microplastics in three types of household cleaning products and their estimated emissions into the aquatic environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 902:165903. [PMID: 37524188 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) in household cleaning products are a significant source of primary MPs. However, their presence in these products remain largely unknown. In this study, three types of common household cleaning products (laundry detergents, toilet bowl cleaners, and dishwashing detergents) were examined to assess the presence of MPs. The potential global emissions of MPs into aquatic environments resulting from the use of these products were estimated using statistics on global wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and household cleaning product markets. The average abundance of MPs in household cleaning products was 564.97 ± 327.83 n·kg-1, with toilet bowl cleaners having a significantly higher abundance than the other two products. The most commonly detected polymers in these products were polyamide (PA), silicone, polyurethane (PU), acrylate copolymer (ACR), polyethylene (PE), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), while the size of the MPs ranged from 21.34 to 442.97 μm, with 81.52 % being <50 μm and 87.32 % being fragment-shaped. The estimated annual MP emissions from these three types of household cleaning products were 3.88 × 1013 ± 1.35 × 1013, with toilet bowl cleaners accounting for 56.44 % of the total emissions. MPs directly released without treatment in WWTPs (2.46 × 1013 n year-1) accounted for 63.40 % of the total emissions, highlighting the importance of increasing the treated rate of wastewater to reduce MP emissions. Sensitivity tests indicated that increasing the MP removal rates of secondary and tertiary WWTPs could also effectively reduce MP emissions. Moreover, gross and per capita MP emissions in 149 countries showed significant differences, which could be attributed to population, market size, demand for household cleaning products, and the level of MP removal among different countries. The findings of this study provide important insights into controlling MP contamination in household cleaning products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Lin
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Lihua Pang
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NWS 2007, Australia
| | - Wenshan Guo
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NWS 2007, Australia
| | - Shasha Zhao
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Liuqingqing Liu
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Lingyun Chen
- Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Fengmin Li
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572000, China; Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China.
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29
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Lee SY, An J, Kwon JH. Sequential quantification of number and mass of microplastics in municipal wastewater using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122452. [PMID: 37633435 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is a significant environmental concern because microplastics (MPs) accumulate in various ecosystems; therefore, the accurate identification and quantification of MPs in environmental samples is crucial. This study presents a new sequential analytical method that combines Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS) to characterize and quantify MPs. FTIR with a microscope allows the identification of the polymer type and physical dimensions of MPs, whereas Pyr-GC/MS enables determining the chemical composition of MPs with plastic additives. Pretreated wastewater influent samples spiked with reference MPs were filtered through an Al2O3 disk for FTIR analysis, and the surface contents were collected and subjected to Pyr-GC/MS analysis. The mass of the reference MPs estimated using FTIR were in good agreement but were slightly lower than those obtained using Pyr-GC/MS. This finding supports the notion that the proposed sequential method can be used to determine both the number and the mass of MPs in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Lee
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea; Knoell Korea, 37 Gukjegeumyung-ro 2-gil, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 07327, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jiyul An
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Kwon
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Savva K, Farré M, Barata C. Sublethal effects of bio-plastic microparticles and their components on the behaviour of Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116775. [PMID: 37517491 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Bioplastics arise as an alternative to plastic production delinked from fossil resources. However, as their demand is increasing, there is a need to investigate their environmental fingerprint. Here we study the toxicity of microplastics (MPLs) of two widely used materials, the polylactic acid (PLA) and the polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) on the environmental aquatic model species Daphnia magna. The study was focused on sublethal behavioural and feeding endpoints linked to antipredator scape responses and food intake. The study aimed to test that MPLs from single-use household comercial items and among them bioplastics should be more toxic than those obtained from standard plastic polymers and fossil plastic materials due to the greater amount of plastic additives, and that MPLs should be more toxic than plastic extracts due to the contribution of both particle and plastic additive toxicity. MPLs were obtained by cryogenic grinding and sea-sand erosion to obtain irregular particles. MPL included standard polymers and nine comercial items of PLA and PHB and one fossil-based material of high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The additive content in commercial items was characterised by liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. D. magna juveniles were exposed for 24 h to particles and their plastic extracts. Results indicated that the toxicity of bioplastic particles was five times higher than the effects produced by exposure to the content of the additives alone, that bioplastic particles were more toxic than fossil ones and that particles obtained from commercial items were more toxic than those obtained from PLA, PHB or HDPE polymer standards. Predicted toxicity from the measured plastic additives in the studied commercially available household items, however, was poorly related with the observed behavioural and feeding effects. Further research on unknown chemical components together with physical factors is need it to fully understand the mechanisms of toxicity of bioplastic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Savva
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marinella Farré
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Barata
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
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31
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Liu F, Rasmussen LA, Klemmensen NDR, Zhao G, Nielsen R, Vianello A, Rist S, Vollertsen J. Shapes of Hyperspectral Imaged Microplastics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:12431-12441. [PMID: 37561646 PMCID: PMC10448723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Shape matters for microplastics, but its definition, particularly for hyperspectral imaged microplastics, remains ambiguous and inexplicit, leading to incomparability across data. Hyperspectral imaging is a common approach for quantification, yet no unambiguous microplastic shape classification exists. We conducted an expert-based survey and proposed a set of clear and concise shapes (fiber, rod, ellipse, oval, sphere, quadrilateral, triangle, free-form, and unidentifiable). The categories were validated on images of 11,042 microplastics from four environmental compartments (seven matrices: indoor air; wastewater influent, effluent, and sludge; marine water; stormwater; and stormwater pond sediments), by inviting five experts to score each shape. We found that the proposed shapes were well defined, representative, and distinguishable to the human eye, especially for fiber and sphere. Ellipse, oval, and rod were though less distinguishable but dominated in all water and solid matrices. Indoor air held more unidentifiable, an abstract shape that appeared mostly for particles below 30 μm. This study highlights the need for assessing the recognizability of chosen shape categories prior to reporting data. Shapes with a clear and stringent definition would increase comparability and reproducibility across data and promote harmonization in microplastic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- Department
of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Lasse A. Rasmussen
- Department
of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | | | - Guohan Zhao
- Research
Centre for Built Environment, Energy, Water and Climate, VIA University College, 8700 Horsens, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Nielsen
- Department
of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Alvise Vianello
- Department
of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Sinja Rist
- National
Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical
University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jes Vollertsen
- Department
of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
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32
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Battistin G, Latella L, Iannilli V. Microplastic pollution in the food web: observation of ingestion by the talitrid amphipod Cryptorchestia garbinii on the shores of Lake Garda. THE EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2022.2160019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G. Battistin
- Department of Zoology, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - L. Latella
- Department of Zoology, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - V. Iannilli
- Department for Sustainability, ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Casaccia Research Center, Rome, Italy
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33
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Panagiotidis K, Engelmann B, Krauss M, Rolle-Kampczyk UE, Altenburger R, Rochfort KD, Grintzalis K. The impact of amine and carboxyl functionalised microplastics on the physiology of daphnids. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:132023. [PMID: 37441864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Plastic waste is considered a major threat for terrestrial, marine and freshwater ecosystems. Ingestion of primary or secondary microparticles resulting from plastic degradation can lead to their trophic transfer raising serious health concerns. In this study, the effect of amine and carboxy functionalized polystyrene microparticles on the physiology of daphnids was investigated with a combination of phenotypic and metabolic endpoints. Carboxy functionalized microparticles showed higher toxicity in acute exposures compared to their amine counterparts. Accumulation of both microparticles in animal gut was confirmed by stereo-microscopy as well as fluorescent microscopy which showed no presence of particles in the rest of the animal. Fluorescence based quantification of microparticles extracted from animal lysates validated their concentration-dependent uptake. Additionally, exposure of daphnids to amine and carboxy functionalized microparticles resulted in increased activities of key enzymes related to metabolism and detoxification. Finally, significant metabolic perturbations were discovered following exposure to microplastics. These findings suggest that polystyrene microparticles can hinder organism performance of the freshwater species and highlight the importance of seeking for holistic and physiological endpoints for pollution assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beatrice Engelmann
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Krauss
- Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike E Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rolf Altenburger
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Keith D Rochfort
- School of Nursing, Psychotherapy, and Community Health, Dublin City University, Republic of Ireland
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34
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Tse YT, Lo HS, Tsang CW, Han J, Fang JKH, Chan SMN, Sze ETP. Quantitative analysis and risk assessment to full-size microplastics pollution in the coastal marine waters of Hong Kong. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163006. [PMID: 36966838 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Given the potential risk to the ecosystem, attention has increased in recent decades to the contamination of the aquatic environment by microplastics (MPs). Due to the limitations of conventional analysis methods of MPs, little is known about the size distribution and abundance of a full-size MPs from 1 μm to 5 mm. The present study quantified MPs with size ranges of 50 μm - 5 mm and 1-50 μm in the coastal marine waters from twelve locations in Hong Kong using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry respectively, during the end of wet (September 2021) and dry (March 2022) seasons. The average abundance of MPs with size ranges of 50 μm - 5 mm and 1-50 μm from twelve sampling locations marine surface waters were found ranging from 27 to 104 particles L-1 and 43,675-387,901 particles L-1 in the wet season respectively, and 13-36 particles L-1 and 23,178-338,604 particles L-1 in the dry season respectively. Significant temporal and spatial variations of small MPs abundance might be observed at the sampling locations, which were contributed by the influences of the estuary of Pearl River, sewage discharge points, land structure, and other anthropogenic activities. Based on the MPs abundance information, ecological risk assessment was conducted and revealed that the small MPs (< 10 μm) in coastal marine surface waters may pose potential health risks to aquatic organisms. Additional risk assessments are needed in order to determine whether or not the MPs exposure would cause health risks to the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuet-Tung Tse
- School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Homantin, Hong Kong
| | - Hoi-Shing Lo
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chi-Wing Tsang
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong (THEi), Chai Wan, Hong Kong
| | - Jie Han
- School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Homantin, Hong Kong
| | - James Kar-Hei Fang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Sidney Man-Ngai Chan
- School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Homantin, Hong Kong
| | - Eric Tung-Po Sze
- School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Homantin, Hong Kong.
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35
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Ding R, Ma Y, Li T, Sun M, Sun Z, Duan J. The detrimental effects of micro-and nano-plastics on digestive system: An overview of oxidative stress-related adverse outcome pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:163144. [PMID: 37003332 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
With the massive manufacture and use of plastics, plastic pollution-related environmental impacts have raised great concern in recent years. As byproducts of plastic fragmentation and degradation, microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) have been identified as novel pollutants that posed a threat to the ecosystem and humans. Since MPs/NPs could be transported via the food chain and retained in the water, the digestive system should be one of the major targets of MPs/NPs-related toxicity. Although considerable evidence has supported the digestive toxicity of MPs/NPs, the proposed mechanisms remained ambiguous due to the variety of study types, models, and endpoints. This review provided a mechanism-based perspective on MPs/NPs-induced digestive effects by adopting the adverse outcome pathway framework as a promising tool. The overproduction of reactive oxygen species was identified as the molecular initiating event in MPs/NPs-mediated injury to the digestive system. A series of detrimental effects including oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, dysbiosis, and metabolic disorders were summarized as key events. Finally, the occurrence of these effects eventually led to an adverse outcome, suggesting a possible increase in the incidence of digestive morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Ding
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yiming Ma
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Mengqi Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
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36
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Soares GC, Müller L, Josende ME, Ventura-Lima J. Biochemical and physiological effects of multigenerational exposure to spheric polystyrene microplastics in Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:69307-69320. [PMID: 37131009 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27162-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Although studies have already shown the effects of exposure to microplastics (MP) in different species, the effects over generations in these individuals remain poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of polystyrene MP (spherical, 1 μm) on the responses of the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans in a multigenerational approach over five subsequent generations. MP concentrations of both 5 and 50 μg/L induced a detoxification response, increasing glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and inducing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (TBARS). MP also demonstrated the ability to accumulate in the animal's body during the 96 h of each generational exposure, and possibly, this constant interaction was the main reason for the decreased response in physiological parameters as in the exploratory behavior (body bending) of nematodes, and in the reproduction, being this last parameter most negatively affected during the five exposed generations, with a reduction of almost 50% in the last generation. These results emphasize the importance of multigenerational approaches, highlighting their advantage in the assessment of environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Corrêa Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas - PPG-CF; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - ICB, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Km 08, Rio Grande - RS, CEP, Avenida Itália, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Larissa Müller
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas - PPG-CF; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - ICB, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Km 08, Rio Grande - RS, CEP, Avenida Itália, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Estrella Josende
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas - PPG-CF; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - ICB, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Km 08, Rio Grande - RS, CEP, Avenida Itália, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Juliane Ventura-Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas - PPG-CF; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - ICB, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Km 08, Rio Grande - RS, CEP, Avenida Itália, 96203-900, Brazil.
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37
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Svigruha R, Prikler B, Farkas A, Ács A, Fodor I, Tapolczai K, Schmidt J, Bordós G, Háhn J, Harkai P, Kaszab E, Szoboszlay S, Pirger Z. Presence, variation, and potential ecological impact of microplastics in the largest shallow lake of Central Europe. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 883:163537. [PMID: 37075990 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The presence of microplastics (MPs) in the global ecosystem has generated a rapidly growing concern worldwide. Although their presence in the marine environment has been well-studied, much less data are available on their abundance in freshwaters. MPs alone and in combination with different chemicals has been shown to cause acute and chronic effects on algae and aquatic invertebrate and vertebrate species at different biological levels. However, the combined ecotoxicological effects of MPs with different chemicals on aquatic organisms are still understudied in many species and the reported data are often controversial. In the present study, we investigated, for the first time, the presence of MPs in Lake Balaton, which is the largest shallow lake of Central Europe and an important summer holiday destination. Moreover, we exposed neonates of the well-established ecotoxicological model organism Daphnia magna to different MPs (polystyrene [3 μm] or polyethylene [≤ 100 μm]) alone and in combination with three progestogen compounds (progesterone, drospirenone, levonorgestrel) at an environmentally relevant concentration (10 ng L-1) for 21 days. The presence of 7 polymer types of MPs in the size range of 50-100 μm was detected in Lake Balaton. Similarly to the global trends, polypropylene and polyethylene MPs were the most common types of polymer. The calculated polymer-independent average particle number was 5.5 particles m-3 (size range: 50 μm - 100 μm) which represents the values detected in other European lakes. Our ecotoxicological experiments confirmed that MPs and progestogens can affect D. magna at the behavioral (body size and reproduction) and biochemical (detoxification-related enzyme activity) levels. The joint effects were negligible. The presence of MPs may lead to reduced fitness in the aquatic biota in freshwaters such as Lake Balaton, however, the potential threat of MPs as vectors for progestogens may be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Réka Svigruha
- Ecophysiological and Environmental Toxicological Research Group, Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), 8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Bence Prikler
- Eurofins-Wessling Hungary Ltd, 1045 Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Anna Farkas
- Ecophysiological and Environmental Toxicological Research Group, Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), 8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - András Ács
- Ecophysiological and Environmental Toxicological Research Group, Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), 8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - István Fodor
- Ecophysiological and Environmental Toxicological Research Group, Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), 8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Kálmán Tapolczai
- Aquatic Botany and Microbial Ecology Research Group, Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), 8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - János Schmidt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gábor Bordós
- Eurofins-Wessling Hungary Ltd, 1045 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Háhn
- Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Péter Harkai
- Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Edit Kaszab
- Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Sándor Szoboszlay
- Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Pirger
- Ecophysiological and Environmental Toxicological Research Group, Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), 8237 Tihany, Hungary.
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38
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Moura DS, Pestana CJ, Moffat CF, Hui J, Irvine JTS, Lawton LA. Characterisation of microplastics is key for reliable data interpretation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 331:138691. [PMID: 37076081 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic research has gained attention due to the increased detection of microplastics (<5 mm size) in the aquatic environment. Most laboratory-based research of microplastics is performed using microparticles from specific suppliers with either superficial or no characterisation performed to confirm the physico-chemical information detailed by the supplier. The current study has selected 21 published adsorption studies to evaluate how the microplastics were characterised by the authors prior experimentation. Additionally, six microplastic types described as 'small' (10-25 μm) and 'large' (100 μm) were commercially acquired from a single supplier. A detailed characterisation was performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), x-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, particle size analysis, and N2-Brunauer, Emmett and Teller adsorption-desorption surface area analysis. The size and the polymer composition of some of the material provided by the supplier was inconsistent with the analytical data obtained. FT-IR spectra of small polypropylene particles indicated either oxidation of the particles or the presence of a grafting agent which was absent in the large particles. A wide range of sizes for the small particles was observed: polyethylene (0.2-549 μm), polyethylene terephthalate (7-91 μm) and polystyrene (1-79 μm). Small polyamide (D50 75 μm) showed a greater median particle size and similar size distribution when compared to large polyamide (D50 65 μm). Moreover, small polyamide was found to be semi-crystalline, while the large polyamide displayed an amorphous form. The type of microplastic and the size of the particles are a key factor in determining the adsorption of pollutants and subsequent ingestion by aquatic organisms. Acquiring uniform particle sizes is challenging, however based on this study, characterisation of any materials used in microplastic-related experiments is critical to ensure reliable interpretation of results, thereby providing a better understanding of the potential environmental consequences of the presence of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana S Moura
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK.
| | - Carlos J Pestana
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK
| | - Colin F Moffat
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK
| | - Jianing Hui
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Scotland, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - John T S Irvine
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Scotland, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Linda A Lawton
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, UK
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Landrigan PJ, Raps H, Cropper M, Bald C, Brunner M, Canonizado EM, Charles D, Chiles TC, Donohue MJ, Enck J, Fenichel P, Fleming LE, Ferrier-Pages C, Fordham R, Gozt A, Griffin C, Hahn ME, Haryanto B, Hixson R, Ianelli H, James BD, Kumar P, Laborde A, Law KL, Martin K, Mu J, Mulders Y, Mustapha A, Niu J, Pahl S, Park Y, Pedrotti ML, Pitt JA, Ruchirawat M, Seewoo BJ, Spring M, Stegeman JJ, Suk W, Symeonides C, Takada H, Thompson RC, Vicini A, Wang Z, Whitman E, Wirth D, Wolff M, Yousuf AK, Dunlop S. The Minderoo-Monaco Commission on Plastics and Human Health. Ann Glob Health 2023; 89:23. [PMID: 36969097 PMCID: PMC10038118 DOI: 10.5334/aogh.4056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Plastics have conveyed great benefits to humanity and made possible some of the most significant advances of modern civilization in fields as diverse as medicine, electronics, aerospace, construction, food packaging, and sports. It is now clear, however, that plastics are also responsible for significant harms to human health, the economy, and the earth's environment. These harms occur at every stage of the plastic life cycle, from extraction of the coal, oil, and gas that are its main feedstocks through to ultimate disposal into the environment. The extent of these harms not been systematically assessed, their magnitude not fully quantified, and their economic costs not comprehensively counted. Goals The goals of this Minderoo-Monaco Commission on Plastics and Human Health are to comprehensively examine plastics' impacts across their life cycle on: (1) human health and well-being; (2) the global environment, especially the ocean; (3) the economy; and (4) vulnerable populations-the poor, minorities, and the world's children. On the basis of this examination, the Commission offers science-based recommendations designed to support development of a Global Plastics Treaty, protect human health, and save lives. Report Structure This Commission report contains seven Sections. Following an Introduction, Section 2 presents a narrative review of the processes involved in plastic production, use, and disposal and notes the hazards to human health and the environment associated with each of these stages. Section 3 describes plastics' impacts on the ocean and notes the potential for plastic in the ocean to enter the marine food web and result in human exposure. Section 4 details plastics' impacts on human health. Section 5 presents a first-order estimate of plastics' health-related economic costs. Section 6 examines the intersection between plastic, social inequity, and environmental injustice. Section 7 presents the Commission's findings and recommendations. Plastics Plastics are complex, highly heterogeneous, synthetic chemical materials. Over 98% of plastics are produced from fossil carbon- coal, oil and gas. Plastics are comprised of a carbon-based polymer backbone and thousands of additional chemicals that are incorporated into polymers to convey specific properties such as color, flexibility, stability, water repellence, flame retardation, and ultraviolet resistance. Many of these added chemicals are highly toxic. They include carcinogens, neurotoxicants and endocrine disruptors such as phthalates, bisphenols, per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), brominated flame retardants, and organophosphate flame retardants. They are integral components of plastic and are responsible for many of plastics' harms to human health and the environment.Global plastic production has increased almost exponentially since World War II, and in this time more than 8,300 megatons (Mt) of plastic have been manufactured. Annual production volume has grown from under 2 Mt in 1950 to 460 Mt in 2019, a 230-fold increase, and is on track to triple by 2060. More than half of all plastic ever made has been produced since 2002. Single-use plastics account for 35-40% of current plastic production and represent the most rapidly growing segment of plastic manufacture.Explosive recent growth in plastics production reflects a deliberate pivot by the integrated multinational fossil-carbon corporations that produce coal, oil and gas and that also manufacture plastics. These corporations are reducing their production of fossil fuels and increasing plastics manufacture. The two principal factors responsible for this pivot are decreasing global demand for carbon-based fuels due to increases in 'green' energy, and massive expansion of oil and gas production due to fracking.Plastic manufacture is energy-intensive and contributes significantly to climate change. At present, plastic production is responsible for an estimated 3.7% of global greenhouse gas emissions, more than the contribution of Brazil. This fraction is projected to increase to 4.5% by 2060 if current trends continue unchecked. Plastic Life Cycle The plastic life cycle has three phases: production, use, and disposal. In production, carbon feedstocks-coal, gas, and oil-are transformed through energy-intensive, catalytic processes into a vast array of products. Plastic use occurs in every aspect of modern life and results in widespread human exposure to the chemicals contained in plastic. Single-use plastics constitute the largest portion of current use, followed by synthetic fibers and construction.Plastic disposal is highly inefficient, with recovery and recycling rates below 10% globally. The result is that an estimated 22 Mt of plastic waste enters the environment each year, much of it single-use plastic and are added to the more than 6 gigatons of plastic waste that have accumulated since 1950. Strategies for disposal of plastic waste include controlled and uncontrolled landfilling, open burning, thermal conversion, and export. Vast quantities of plastic waste are exported each year from high-income to low-income countries, where it accumulates in landfills, pollutes air and water, degrades vital ecosystems, befouls beaches and estuaries, and harms human health-environmental injustice on a global scale. Plastic-laden e-waste is particularly problematic. Environmental Findings Plastics and plastic-associated chemicals are responsible for widespread pollution. They contaminate aquatic (marine and freshwater), terrestrial, and atmospheric environments globally. The ocean is the ultimate destination for much plastic, and plastics are found throughout the ocean, including coastal regions, the sea surface, the deep sea, and polar sea ice. Many plastics appear to resist breakdown in the ocean and could persist in the global environment for decades. Macro- and micro-plastic particles have been identified in hundreds of marine species in all major taxa, including species consumed by humans. Trophic transfer of microplastic particles and the chemicals within them has been demonstrated. Although microplastic particles themselves (>10 µm) appear not to undergo biomagnification, hydrophobic plastic-associated chemicals bioaccumulate in marine animals and biomagnify in marine food webs. The amounts and fates of smaller microplastic and nanoplastic particles (MNPs <10 µm) in aquatic environments are poorly understood, but the potential for harm is worrying given their mobility in biological systems. Adverse environmental impacts of plastic pollution occur at multiple levels from molecular and biochemical to population and ecosystem. MNP contamination of seafood results in direct, though not well quantified, human exposure to plastics and plastic-associated chemicals. Marine plastic pollution endangers the ocean ecosystems upon which all humanity depends for food, oxygen, livelihood, and well-being. Human Health Findings Coal miners, oil workers and gas field workers who extract fossil carbon feedstocks for plastic production suffer increased mortality from traumatic injury, coal workers' pneumoconiosis, silicosis, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer. Plastic production workers are at increased risk of leukemia, lymphoma, hepatic angiosarcoma, brain cancer, breast cancer, mesothelioma, neurotoxic injury, and decreased fertility. Workers producing plastic textiles die of bladder cancer, lung cancer, mesothelioma, and interstitial lung disease at increased rates. Plastic recycling workers have increased rates of cardiovascular disease, toxic metal poisoning, neuropathy, and lung cancer. Residents of "fenceline" communities adjacent to plastic production and waste disposal sites experience increased risks of premature birth, low birth weight, asthma, childhood leukemia, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer.During use and also in disposal, plastics release toxic chemicals including additives and residual monomers into the environment and into people. National biomonitoring surveys in the USA document population-wide exposures to these chemicals. Plastic additives disrupt endocrine function and increase risk for premature births, neurodevelopmental disorders, male reproductive birth defects, infertility, obesity, cardiovascular disease, renal disease, and cancers. Chemical-laden MNPs formed through the environmental degradation of plastic waste can enter living organisms, including humans. Emerging, albeit still incomplete evidence indicates that MNPs may cause toxicity due to their physical and toxicological effects as well as by acting as vectors that transport toxic chemicals and bacterial pathogens into tissues and cells.Infants in the womb and young children are two populations at particularly high risk of plastic-related health effects. Because of the exquisite sensitivity of early development to hazardous chemicals and children's unique patterns of exposure, plastic-associated exposures are linked to increased risks of prematurity, stillbirth, low birth weight, birth defects of the reproductive organs, neurodevelopmental impairment, impaired lung growth, and childhood cancer. Early-life exposures to plastic-associated chemicals also increase the risk of multiple non-communicable diseases later in life. Economic Findings Plastic's harms to human health result in significant economic costs. We estimate that in 2015 the health-related costs of plastic production exceeded $250 billion (2015 Int$) globally, and that in the USA alone the health costs of disease and disability caused by the plastic-associated chemicals PBDE, BPA and DEHP exceeded $920 billion (2015 Int$). Plastic production results in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions equivalent to 1.96 gigatons of carbon dioxide (CO2e) annually. Using the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) social cost of carbon metric, we estimate the annual costs of these GHG emissions to be $341 billion (2015 Int$).These costs, large as they are, almost certainly underestimate the full economic losses resulting from plastics' negative impacts on human health and the global environment. All of plastics' economic costs-and also its social costs-are externalized by the petrochemical and plastic manufacturing industry and are borne by citizens, taxpayers, and governments in countries around the world without compensation. Social Justice Findings The adverse effects of plastics and plastic pollution on human health, the economy and the environment are not evenly distributed. They disproportionately affect poor, disempowered, and marginalized populations such as workers, racial and ethnic minorities, "fenceline" communities, Indigenous groups, women, and children, all of whom had little to do with creating the current plastics crisis and lack the political influence or the resources to address it. Plastics' harmful impacts across its life cycle are most keenly felt in the Global South, in small island states, and in disenfranchised areas in the Global North. Social and environmental justice (SEJ) principles require reversal of these inequitable burdens to ensure that no group bears a disproportionate share of plastics' negative impacts and that those who benefit economically from plastic bear their fair share of its currently externalized costs. Conclusions It is now clear that current patterns of plastic production, use, and disposal are not sustainable and are responsible for significant harms to human health, the environment, and the economy as well as for deep societal injustices.The main driver of these worsening harms is an almost exponential and still accelerating increase in global plastic production. Plastics' harms are further magnified by low rates of recovery and recycling and by the long persistence of plastic waste in the environment.The thousands of chemicals in plastics-monomers, additives, processing agents, and non-intentionally added substances-include amongst their number known human carcinogens, endocrine disruptors, neurotoxicants, and persistent organic pollutants. These chemicals are responsible for many of plastics' known harms to human and planetary health. The chemicals leach out of plastics, enter the environment, cause pollution, and result in human exposure and disease. All efforts to reduce plastics' hazards must address the hazards of plastic-associated chemicals. Recommendations To protect human and planetary health, especially the health of vulnerable and at-risk populations, and put the world on track to end plastic pollution by 2040, this Commission supports urgent adoption by the world's nations of a strong and comprehensive Global Plastics Treaty in accord with the mandate set forth in the March 2022 resolution of the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA).International measures such as a Global Plastics Treaty are needed to curb plastic production and pollution, because the harms to human health and the environment caused by plastics, plastic-associated chemicals and plastic waste transcend national boundaries, are planetary in their scale, and have disproportionate impacts on the health and well-being of people in the world's poorest nations. Effective implementation of the Global Plastics Treaty will require that international action be coordinated and complemented by interventions at the national, regional, and local levels.This Commission urges that a cap on global plastic production with targets, timetables, and national contributions be a central provision of the Global Plastics Treaty. We recommend inclusion of the following additional provisions:The Treaty needs to extend beyond microplastics and marine litter to include all of the many thousands of chemicals incorporated into plastics.The Treaty needs to include a provision banning or severely restricting manufacture and use of unnecessary, avoidable, and problematic plastic items, especially single-use items such as manufactured plastic microbeads.The Treaty needs to include requirements on extended producer responsibility (EPR) that make fossil carbon producers, plastic producers, and the manufacturers of plastic products legally and financially responsible for the safety and end-of-life management of all the materials they produce and sell.The Treaty needs to mandate reductions in the chemical complexity of plastic products; health-protective standards for plastics and plastic additives; a requirement for use of sustainable non-toxic materials; full disclosure of all components; and traceability of components. International cooperation will be essential to implementing and enforcing these standards.The Treaty needs to include SEJ remedies at each stage of the plastic life cycle designed to fill gaps in community knowledge and advance both distributional and procedural equity.This Commission encourages inclusion in the Global Plastic Treaty of a provision calling for exploration of listing at least some plastic polymers as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) under the Stockholm Convention.This Commission encourages a strong interface between the Global Plastics Treaty and the Basel and London Conventions to enhance management of hazardous plastic waste and slow current massive exports of plastic waste into the world's least-developed countries.This Commission recommends the creation of a Permanent Science Policy Advisory Body to guide the Treaty's implementation. The main priorities of this Body would be to guide Member States and other stakeholders in evaluating which solutions are most effective in reducing plastic consumption, enhancing plastic waste recovery and recycling, and curbing the generation of plastic waste. This Body could also assess trade-offs among these solutions and evaluate safer alternatives to current plastics. It could monitor the transnational export of plastic waste. It could coordinate robust oceanic-, land-, and air-based MNP monitoring programs.This Commission recommends urgent investment by national governments in research into solutions to the global plastic crisis. This research will need to determine which solutions are most effective and cost-effective in the context of particular countries and assess the risks and benefits of proposed solutions. Oceanographic and environmental research is needed to better measure concentrations and impacts of plastics <10 µm and understand their distribution and fate in the global environment. Biomedical research is needed to elucidate the human health impacts of plastics, especially MNPs. Summary This Commission finds that plastics are both a boon to humanity and a stealth threat to human and planetary health. Plastics convey enormous benefits, but current linear patterns of plastic production, use, and disposal that pay little attention to sustainable design or safe materials and a near absence of recovery, reuse, and recycling are responsible for grave harms to health, widespread environmental damage, great economic costs, and deep societal injustices. These harms are rapidly worsening.While there remain gaps in knowledge about plastics' harms and uncertainties about their full magnitude, the evidence available today demonstrates unequivocally that these impacts are great and that they will increase in severity in the absence of urgent and effective intervention at global scale. Manufacture and use of essential plastics may continue. However, reckless increases in plastic production, and especially increases in the manufacture of an ever-increasing array of unnecessary single-use plastic products, need to be curbed.Global intervention against the plastic crisis is needed now because the costs of failure to act will be immense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J. Landrigan
- Global Observatory on Planetary Health, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, US
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Medical Biology Department, MC
| | - Hervé Raps
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Medical Biology Department, MC
| | - Maureen Cropper
- Economics Department, University of Maryland, College Park, US
| | - Caroline Bald
- Global Observatory on Planetary Health, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, US
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Patrick Fenichel
- Université Côte d’Azur
- Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Nice, FR
| | - Lora E. Fleming
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, UK
| | | | | | | | - Carly Griffin
- Global Observatory on Planetary Health, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, US
| | - Mark E. Hahn
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, US
- Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, US
| | - Budi Haryanto
- Department of Environmental Health, Universitas Indonesia, ID
- Research Center for Climate Change, Universitas Indonesia, ID
| | - Richard Hixson
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Hannah Ianelli
- Global Observatory on Planetary Health, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, US
| | - Bryan D. James
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
- Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, US
| | | | - Amalia Laborde
- Department of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of the Republic, UY
| | | | - Keith Martin
- Consortium of Universities for Global Health, US
| | - Jenna Mu
- Global Observatory on Planetary Health, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, US
| | | | - Adetoun Mustapha
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
- Lead City University, NG
| | - Jia Niu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, US
| | - Sabine Pahl
- University of Vienna, Austria
- University of Plymouth, UK
| | | | - Maria-Luiza Pedrotti
- Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche sur mer (LOV), Sorbonne Université, FR
| | | | | | - Bhedita Jaya Seewoo
- Minderoo Foundation, AU
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, AU
| | | | - John J. Stegeman
- Biology Department and Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, US
| | - William Suk
- Superfund Research Program, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, US
| | | | - Hideshige Takada
- Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry (LOG), Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, JP
| | | | | | - Zhanyun Wang
- Technology and Society Laboratory, WEmpa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials and Technology, CH
| | - Ella Whitman
- Global Observatory on Planetary Health, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, US
| | | | | | - Aroub K. Yousuf
- Global Observatory on Planetary Health, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, US
| | - Sarah Dunlop
- Minderoo Foundation, AU
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, AU
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Zhang S, Wu H, Hou J. Progress on the Effects of Microplastics on Aquatic Crustaceans: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065523. [PMID: 36982596 PMCID: PMC10052122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
It is impossible to overlook the effects of microplastics on aquatic life as they continuously accumulate in aquatic environments. Aquatic crustaceans, as both predator and prey, play an important role in the food web and energy transmission. It is of great practical significance to pay attention to the toxic effects of microplastics on aquatic crustaceans. This review finds that most studies have shown that microplastics negatively affect the life history, behaviors and physiological functions of aquatic crustaceans under experimental conditions. The effects of microplastics of different sizes, shapes or types on aquatic crustaceans are different. Generally, smaller microplastics have more negative effects on aquatic crustaceans. Irregular microplastics have more negative effects on aquatic crustaceans than regular microplastics. When microplastics co-exist with other contaminants, they have a greater negative impact on aquatic crustaceans than single contaminants. This review contributes to rapidly understanding the effects of microplastics on aquatic crustaceans, providing a basic framework for the ecological threat of microplastics to aquatic crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jing Hou
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-6177-2864
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Chen F, Ma J, Zhong Z, Liu H, Miao A, Zhu X, Pan K. Silicon Limitation Impairs the Tolerance of Marine Diatoms to Pristine Microplastics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:3291-3300. [PMID: 36799767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Marine diatoms are currently facing increasing threats from microplastic (MP) pollution that is intertwined with the disturbed nutrient stoichiometry in seawater. The effects of nutrient imbalances such as silicon (Si) limitation on the interactions between diatoms and MPs remain poorly understood. In contrast to previous studies which mainly focused on MP toxicity, this study emphasizes how Si availability affects nano-scale interactions between pristine polystyrene MPs and diatom surfaces. Results showed that Si-starved cells were less tolerant to MP toxicity than the Si-enriched counterparts. Si limitation significantly changed the configuration and chemical composition of the perforated frustules, forming less negatively charged, more adhesive, and mechanically weaker cells. All of these changes facilitated the adsorption and hetero-aggregation between the diatom cells and MPs and compromised the diatoms' resistance to MP attack. Our study provides novel insights into the effects of pristine MPs in the marine environment under the context of dynamic nutrient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Chen
- SZU-HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zihan Zhong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Aijun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Ke Pan
- SZU-HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, China
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Verdú I, Amariei G, Rueda-Varela C, González-Pleiter M, Leganés F, Rosal R, Fernández-Piñas F. Biofilm formation strongly influences the vector transport of triclosan-loaded polyethylene microplastics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160231. [PMID: 36402321 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at evaluating the influence of biofilm in the role of microplastics (MPs) as vectors of pollutants and their impact on Daphnia magna. To do this, virgin polyethylene MPs, (PE-MPs, 40-48 μm) were exposed for four weeks to wastewater (WW) from influent and effluent to promote biofouling. Then, the exposed PE-MPs were put in contact with triclosan. Finally, the toxicity of TCS-loaded and non-TCS loaded PE-MPs were tested on the survival of D. magna adults for 21 days. Results from metabarcoding analyses indicated that exposure to TCS induced shifts in the bacterial community, selecting potential TCS-degrading bacteria. Results also showed that PE-MPs were ingested by daphnids. The most toxic virgin PE-MPs were those biofouled in the WW effluent. The toxicity of TCS-loaded PE-MPs biofouled in the WW effluent was even higher, reporting mortality in all tested concentrations. These results indicate that biofouling of MPs may modulate the adsorption and subsequent desorption of co-occurring pollutants, hence affecting their potential toxicity towards aquatic organisms. Future studies on realistic environmental plastic impact should include the characterization of biofilms growing on plastic. Since inevitably plastic biofouling occurs over time in nature, it should be taken into account as it may modulate the sorption of co-occurring pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Verdú
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Georgiana Amariei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Rueda-Varela
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel González-Pleiter
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Leganés
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Rosal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Fernández-Piñas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Grgić I, Cetinić KA, Karačić Z, Previšić A, Rožman M. Fate and effects of microplastics in combination with pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors in freshwaters: Insights from a microcosm experiment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160387. [PMID: 36427730 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic contamination of freshwater ecosystems has become an increasing environmental concern. To advance the hazard assessment of microplastics, we conducted a microcosm experiment in which we exposed a simplified aquatic ecosystem consisting of moss and caddisflies to microplastics (polyethylene, polystyrene and polypropylene) and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (1H-benzotriazole, bisphenol A, caffeine, gemfibrozil, ketoprofen, methylparaben, estriol, diphenhydramine, tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate) over the course of 60 days. We monitored the flux of microplastics within the microcosm, as well as the metabolic and total protein variation of organisms. This study offers evidence highlighting the capacity of moss to act as a sink for free-floating microplastics in freshwater environments. Moss is also shown to serve as a source and pathway for microplastic particles to enter aquatic food webs via caddisflies feeding off of the moss. Although most ingested microparticles were eliminated between caddisflies life stages, a small fraction of microplastics was transferred from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystem by emergence. While moss exhibited a mild response to microplastic stress, caddisflies ingesting microplastics showed stress comparable to that caused by exposure to pharmaceuticals. The molecular responses that the stressors triggered were tentatively identified and related to phenotypic responses, such as the delayed development manifested through the delayed emergence of caddisflies exposed to stress. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the adverse effects of microplastics on aquatic species, compares the impacts of microplastics on freshwater biota to those of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds, and demonstrates the role aquatic organisms have in redistributing microplastics between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ana Previšić
- Department of Biology, Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Martins A, da Silva DD, Silva R, Carvalho F, Guilhermino L. Warmer water, high light intensity, lithium and microplastics: Dangerous environmental combinations to zooplankton and Global Health? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 854:158649. [PMID: 36089038 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays there is a high concern about the combined effects of global warming and emerging environmental contaminants with significant increasing trends of use, such as lithium (Li) and microplastics (MPs), both on wildlife and human health. Therefore, the effects of high light intensity (26,000 lx) or warmer water temperature (25 °C) on the long-term toxicity of Li and mixtures of Li and MPs (Li-MPs mixtures) were investigated using model populations of the freshwater zooplankton species Daphnia magna. Three 21-day bioassays were done in the laboratory at the following water temperatures and light intensities: (i) 20 °C/10830 lx; (ii) 20 °C/26000 lx (high light intensity); (iii) 25 °C/10830 lx (warmer temperature). Based on the 21-day EC50s on reproduction, high light intensity increased the reproductive toxicity of Li and Li-MPs mixtures by ~1.3 fold; warmer temperature increased the toxicity of Li by ~1.2 fold, and the toxicity of Li-MPs mixtures by ~1.4 fold based on the concentration of Li, and by ~2 fold based on the concentrations of MPs. At high light intensity, Li (0.04 mg/L) and Li-MPs mixtures (0.04 Li + 0.09 MPs mg/L) reduced the population fitness by 32 % and 41 %, respectively. Warmer temperature, Li (0.05 mg/L) and Li-MPs mixtures (0.05 Li + 0.09 MPs mg/L) reduced it by 63 % and 71 %, respectively. At warmer temperature or high light intensity, higher concentrations of Li and Li-MPs mixtures lead to population extinction. Based on the population growth rate and using data of bioassays with MPs alone done simultaneously, Li and MPs interactions were antagonistic or synergistic depending on the scenario. High light intensity and chemical stress generally acted synergistically. Warmer temperature and chemical stress always acted synergistically. These findings highlight the threats of long-term exposure to Li and Li-MPs mixtures to freshwater zooplankton and Global Health in a warmer world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Martins
- ICBAS - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Department of Population Studies, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Ecology (ECOTOX), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Research Team of Ecotoxicology, Stress Ecology and Environmental Health (ECOTOX), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Diana Dias da Silva
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU CRL, Rua Central de Gandra, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Renata Silva
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Félix Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcia Guilhermino
- ICBAS - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Department of Population Studies, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Ecology (ECOTOX), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Research Team of Ecotoxicology, Stress Ecology and Environmental Health (ECOTOX), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Rios-Fuster B, Alomar C, Deudero S. Elucidating the consequences of the co-exposure of microplastics jointly to other pollutants in bivalves: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114560. [PMID: 36270530 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The marine environment has numerous impacts related to anthropogenic activities including pollution. Abundances of microplastics (MPs) and other pollutants are continuously increasing in the marine environment, resulting in a complex mixture of contaminants affecting biota. In order to understand the consequences, a review of studies analyzing combined effects of MPs and other types of pollutants in bivalves has been conducted as species in this group have been considered as sentinel and bioindicators. Regarding studies reviewed, histological analyses give evidence that MPs can be located in the haemolymph, gills and gonads, as well as in digestive glands in the intestinal lumen, epithelium and tubules, demonstrating that the entire body of bivalves is affected by MPs. Moreover, DNA strand breaks represent the most relevant form of damage caused by the enhanced production of reactive oxygen species in response to MPs exposure. The role of MPs as vectors of pollutants and the ability of polymers to adsorb different compounds have also been considered in this review highlighting a high variability of results. In this sense, toxic impacts associated to MPs exposure were found to significantly increase with the co-presence of antibiotics or petroleum hydrocarbons amongst other pollutants. In addition, bioaccumulation processes of pollutants (PAHs, metals and others) have been affected by the co-presence with MPs. Histological, genetic and physiological alterations are the most reported damages, and the degree of harm seems to be correlated with the concentration and size of MP and with the type of pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Rios-Fuster
- Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO, CSIC), Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Carme Alomar
- Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO, CSIC), Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Salud Deudero
- Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO, CSIC), Muelle de Poniente s/n, 07015, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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46
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Li M, Hou Z, Meng R, Hao S, Wang B. Unraveling the potential human health risks from used disposable face mask-derived micro/nanoplastics during the COVID-19 pandemic scenario: A critical review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 170:107644. [PMID: 36413926 PMCID: PMC9671534 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
With the global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), disposable face masks (DFMs) have caused negative environmental impacts. DFMs will release microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) during environmental degradation. However, few studies reveal the release process of MPs/NPs from masks in the natural environment. This review presents the current knowledge on the abiotic and biotic degradation of DFMs. Though MPs and NPs have raised serious concerns about their potentially detrimental effects on human health, little attention was paid to their impacts on human health from DFM-derived MPs and NPs. The potential toxicity of mask-derived MPs/NPs, such as gastrointestinal toxicity, pneumotoxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, reproductive and transgenerational toxicity, and the underlying mechanism will be discussed in the present study. MPs/NPs serve as carriers of toxic chemicals and pathogens, leading to their bioaccumulation and adverse effects of biomagnification by food chains. Given human experiments are facing ethical issues and animal studies cannot completely reveal human characteristics, advanced human organoids will provide promising models for MP/NP risk assessment. Moreover, in-depth investigations are required to identify the release of MPs/NPs from discarded face masks and characterize their transportation through the food chains. More importantly, innovative approaches and eco-friendly strategies are urgently demanded to reduce DFM-derived MP/NP pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zongkun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Run Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Shilei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Bochu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
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Mondellini S, Schott M, Löder MGJ, Agarwal S, Greiner A, Laforsch C. Beyond microplastics: Water soluble synthetic polymers exert sublethal adverse effects in the freshwater cladoceran Daphnia magna. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157608. [PMID: 35901884 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is considered one of the causes of global change. However, water soluble synthetic polymers (WSSPs) have been neglected so far, although they are used in several industrial, dietary, domestic and biomedical products. Moreover, they are applied in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) as flocculants and coagulant agents. Hence, their presence in the aquatic environment as well as their uptake by aquatic organisms is probable, whereas no data are available regarding their potential adverse effects. Here we show in the freshwater key species D. magna exposed to five different WSSPs life history changes along with an altered level of reactive oxygen species, although acute mortality was not observed. Since daphnids act as keystone species in lake ecosystems by controlling phytoplankton biomass, even sublethal effects such as WSSPs induced changes in life history may result in cascading effects, from lower to higher trophic levels, which in turn could affect the whole food web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Mondellini
- Animal Ecology I, Universitaetsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany; BayCEER, Universitaetsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Matthias Schott
- Animal Ecology I, Universitaetsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany; BayCEER, Universitaetsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Martin G J Löder
- Animal Ecology I, Universitaetsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany; BayCEER, Universitaetsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Seema Agarwal
- Macromolecolar Chemistry II, Universitaetsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Andreas Greiner
- Macromolecolar Chemistry II, Universitaetsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Christian Laforsch
- Animal Ecology I, Universitaetsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany; BayCEER, Universitaetsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
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48
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Schwarzenberger A. Negative Effects of Cyanotoxins and Adaptative Responses of Daphnia. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14110770. [PMID: 36356020 PMCID: PMC9694520 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14110770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The plethora of cyanobacterial toxins are an enormous threat to whole ecosystems and humans. Due to eutrophication and increases in lake temperatures from global warming, changes in the distribution of cyanobacterial toxins and selection of few highly toxic species/ strains are likely. Globally, one of the most important grazers that controls cyanobacterial blooms is Daphnia, a freshwater model organism in ecology and (eco)toxicology. Daphnia-cyanobacteria interactions have been studied extensively, often focusing on the interference of filamentous cyanobacteria with Daphnia's filtering apparatus, or on different nutritional constraints (the lack of essential amino acids or lipids) and grazer toxicity. For a long time, this toxicity only referred to microcystins. Currently, the focus shifts toward other deleterious cyanotoxins. Still, less than 10% of the total scientific output deals with cyanotoxins that are not microcystins; although these other cyanotoxins can occur just as frequently and at similar concentrations as microcystins in surface water. This review discusses the effects of different cyanobacterial toxins (hepatotoxins, digestive inhibitors, neurotoxins, and cytotoxins) on Daphnia and provides an elaborate and up-to-date overview of specific responses and adaptations of Daphnia. Furthermore, scenarios of what we can expect for the future of Daphnia-cyanobacteria interactions are described by comprising anthropogenic threats that might further increase toxin stress in Daphnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Schwarzenberger
- Limnological Institute, University Konstanz, Mainaustr. 252, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
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Wang P, Li QQ, Hui J, Xiang QQ, Yan H, Chen LQ. Metabolomics reveals the mechanism of polyethylene microplastic toxicity to Daphnia magna. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135887. [PMID: 35931252 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic exposure leads to various toxic effects in Daphnia magna; however, the effects of microplastics on the metabolic processes in D. magna and the corresponding molecular toxicity mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, the effects of acute exposure to polyethylene microplastics with different particle sizes (20 μm [MPs-20] and 30 μm [MPs-30]) on metabolites in D. magna and the mechanisms of toxicity were investigated by combining metabolomics and traditional toxicology techniques. Exposure to both MPs-20 and MPs-30 resulted in significant accumulation of microplastics in the gut of D. magna and significantly reduced D. magna survival and heart rate. Metabolomics analysis revealed that MPs-20 and MPs-30 induced significant changes in up to 88 and 91 differential metabolites, respectively, and collectively induced significant changes in 75 metabolites in D. magna. Among lipid metabolites, MPs-20 specifically downregulated phosphatidylcholine and upregulated phosphatidylethanolamine, which mainly affected phospholipid metabolism, whereas MPs-30 specifically downregulated amino acid metabolites l-glutamine, l-glutamate and malic acid, which mainly interfered with energy metabolism. The results of this study provide novel insights into the mechanism of effects of microplastics on metabolic processes in D. magna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Trans-Boundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China; Yunnan International Joint Research Center for Hydro-Ecology Science & Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin-Qin Li
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Trans-Boundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China; Yunnan International Joint Research Center for Hydro-Ecology Science & Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Hui
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Trans-Boundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China; Yunnan International Joint Research Center for Hydro-Ecology Science & Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Qian Xiang
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Trans-Boundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China; Yunnan International Joint Research Center for Hydro-Ecology Science & Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yan
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Trans-Boundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China; Yunnan International Joint Research Center for Hydro-Ecology Science & Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Qiang Chen
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Trans-Boundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China; Yunnan International Joint Research Center for Hydro-Ecology Science & Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Jasinski J, Wilde MV, Voelkl M, Jérôme V, Fröhlich T, Freitag R, Scheibel T. Tailor-Made Protein Corona Formation on Polystyrene Microparticles and its Effect on Epithelial Cell Uptake. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:47277-47287. [PMID: 36194482 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic particles are pollutants in the environment with a potential impact on ecology and human health. As soon as microplastic particles get in contact with complex (biological) environments, they will be covered by an eco- and/or protein corona. In this contribution, protein corona formation was conducted under defined laboratory conditions on polystyrene (PS) microparticles to investigate the influence on surface properties, protein corona evolution, particle-cell interactions, and uptake in two murine epithelial cells. To direct protein corona formation, PS particles were preincubated with five model proteins, namely, bovine serum albumin (BSA), myoglobin, β-lactoglobulin, lysozyme, and fibrinogen. Subsequently, the single-protein-coated particles were incubated in a cell culture medium containing a cocktail of serum proteins to analyze changes in the protein corona profile as well as in the binding kinetics of the model proteins. Therein, we could show that the precoating step has a critical impact on the final composition of the protein corona. Yet, since proteins building the primary corona were still detectable after additional incubations in a protein-containing medium, backtracking of the particle's history is possible. Interestingly, whereas the precoating history significantly disturbs particle-cell interactions (PCIs), the cellular response (i.e., metabolic activity, MTT assay) stays unaffected. Of note, lysozyme precoating revealed one of the highest rates in PCI for both epithelial cell lines. Taken together, we could show that particle history has a significant impact on protein corona formation and subsequently on the interaction of particles with murine intestinal epithelial-like cells. However, as this study was limited to one cell type, further work is needed to assess if these observations can be generalized to other cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Jasinski
- Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Magdalena V Wilde
- Gene Center Munich, Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), LMU München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Voelkl
- Process Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Valérie Jérôme
- Process Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Thomas Fröhlich
- Gene Center Munich, Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), LMU München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ruth Freitag
- Process Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Thomas Scheibel
- Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
- Bayreuth Center for Colloids and Interfaces (BZKG), University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
- Bayreuth Center for Molecular Biosciences (BZMB), University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
- Bayreuth Center for Material Science (BayMAT), University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
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