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Wang H, Ma X, Ran X, Wang T, Zhou M, Liu C, Li X, Wu M, Wang Y. Analyzing performance and microbial mechanisms in an incineration leachate treatment after waste separation: Integrated metagenomic and metaproteomic analyses. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175821. [PMID: 39191330 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
The absence of food waste after separation poses a significant challenge to incineration leachate treatment, as it decreases the C/N ratio and COD of leachate, greatly impacting the biological treatment process. A one-year in-situ study was systematically conducted in an incineration leachate treatment plant that experienced waste separation, focusing on the variations in carbon and nitrogen removal performance as well as the involved microbial mechanism of the "anaerobic digestion (AD) + two-stage A/O" process. Results indicated that the biodegradability of leachate significantly decreased over time, with COD concentration decreasing by 10 times and the average C/N ratio decreasing from 12.3 to 1.4. The AD process was maintained stable, achieving a COD removal efficiency exceeding 92 %. The nitrification process also remained stable; while the denitrification process was significantly affected, and a nine-fold increase in external glucose addition was required to achieve a nitrogen removal efficiency of 85 %. Metagenomic analysis indicated that comammox Nitrospira (contributing 90 % to ammonia monooxygenase) occupied the dominant position over Nitrosomonas for nitrification due to the low NH4+-N concentration in A/O tanks (<35 mg/L), and Methanothrix was substituted by Methanosarcina for methanogenesis in AD unit. Metaproteomic results further elucidated that the expression of enzymes responsible for denitrification process, i.e., Nir, Nor, Nos (convert NO2- to N2), was decreased significantly, although the expression of enzymes related to glycolysis and TCA cycle were stimulated by glucose addition. The expression of Nar (convert NO3--N to NO2--N) remained stable, while the imbalance expression within denitrifying enzymes might have facilitated occurrence of partial denitrification, attributed to the low C/N ratio. The results prove that the function robustness and metabolic versatility were achieved in leachate treatment plant after waste separation but at the cost of the high external carbon resource addition, highlighting the urgent requirement for low-carbon nitrogen removal technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Xiamen Tungsten Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361009, PR China
| | - Xiaochuan Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Mingda Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Youlin Zhuyuan Sewage Investment and Development Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200125, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Min Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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Cui Z, Kawada M, Hui Y, Sim S. Programming aliphatic polyester degradation by engineered bacterial spores. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.16.603759. [PMID: 39071336 PMCID: PMC11275931 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.16.603759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Enzymatic degradation of plastics is a sustainable approach to addressing the growing issue of plastic accumulation. The primary challenges for using enzymes as catalysts are issues with their stability and recyclability, further exacerbated by their costly production and delicate structures. Here, we demonstrate an approach that leverages engineered spores that display target enzymes in high density on their surface to catalyze aliphatic polyester degradation and create self-degradable materials. Engineered spores display recombinant enzymes on their surface, eliminating the need for costly purification processes. The intrinsic physical and biological characteristics of spores enable easy separation from the reaction mixture, repeated reuse, and renewal. Engineered spores displaying lipases completely degrade aliphatic polyesters and retain activity through four cycles, with full activity recovered through germination and sporulation. Directly incorporating spores into polyesters results in robust materials that are completely degradable. Our study offers a straightforward and sustainable biocatalytic approach to plastic degradation.
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Vasmara C, Cazaudehore G, Ceotto E, Marchetti R, Sambusiti C, Monlau F. Alkali, thermal, or thermo-alkali pre-treatment to improve the anaerobic digestion of poly(lactic acid)? WATER RESEARCH 2024; 258:121744. [PMID: 38754301 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Replacing petroleum-based plastics with biodegradable polymers is a major challenge for modern society especially for food packaging applications. To date, poly(lactic acid) represents 25 % of the total biodegradable plastics and it is estimated that, in the future, it could become the main contributor to the biodegradable plastics industry. Anaerobic digestion is an interesting way for the poly(lactic acid) end of life, even if its biodegradability is limited in mesophilic conditions. The aims of this study were to identify the best pre-treatment for maximizing the methane yield, minimizing the anaerobic digestion duration and limiting residual plastic fragments in the digestate. A systematic comparison was carried out between thermal, chemical, and thermo-chemical pre-treatment. Pre-treatment with 4 M KOH for 48 h at 35°C was effective in improving the mesophilic anaerobic digestion of the poly(lactic acid). Such pre-treatment allows obtaining 90 % of the theoretical methane potential, in 24 - 30 days. Importantly, such pre-treatment completely solubilized the poly(lactic acid), leaving no solid residues in the digestate. In addition, using KOH permits to avoid the sodication of the soil due to the digestate application as fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vasmara
- CREA, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Via Salaria 31, Monterotondo, Rome 00015, Italy.
| | - G Cazaudehore
- APESA, Pôle Valorisation, Montardon 64121, France; Universite de Pau et des Pays de l 'Adour / E2S UPPA / CNRS, IPREM UMR5254, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, Chimie et Microbiologie de l'Environnement, Pau 64000, France
| | - E Ceotto
- CREA, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Via Beccastecca 345, S. Cesario sul Panaro, Modena 41018, Italy
| | - R Marchetti
- CREA, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Via Beccastecca 345, S. Cesario sul Panaro, Modena 41018, Italy
| | - C Sambusiti
- Total Energies OneTech R&D, CSTJF - Avenue Larribau, Pau 64018, France
| | - F Monlau
- APESA, Pôle Valorisation, Montardon 64121, France; Total Energies OneTech R&D, PERL - Pôle D'Etudes et de Recherche de Lacq, Pôle Economique 2, BP 47 - RD 817, Lacq 64170, France
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Keith M, Koller M, Lackner M. Carbon Recycling of High Value Bioplastics: A Route to a Zero-Waste Future. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1621. [PMID: 38931972 PMCID: PMC11207349 DOI: 10.3390/polym16121621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Today, 98% of all plastics are fossil-based and non-biodegradable, and globally, only 9% are recycled. Microplastic and nanoplastic pollution is just beginning to be understood. As the global demand for sustainable alternatives to conventional plastics continues to rise, biobased and biodegradable plastics have emerged as a promising solution. This review article delves into the pivotal concept of carbon recycling as a pathway towards achieving a zero-waste future through the production and utilization of high-value bioplastics. The review comprehensively explores the current state of bioplastics (biobased and/or biodegradable materials), emphasizing the importance of carbon-neutral and circular approaches in their lifecycle. Today, bioplastics are chiefly used in low-value applications, such as packaging and single-use items. This article sheds light on value-added applications, like longer-lasting components and products, and demanding properties, for which bioplastics are increasingly being deployed. Based on the waste hierarchy paradigm-reduce, reuse, recycle-different use cases and end-of-life scenarios for materials will be described, including technological options for recycling, from mechanical to chemical methods. A special emphasis on common bioplastics-TPS, PLA, PHAs-as well as a discussion of composites, is provided. While it is acknowledged that the current plastics (waste) crisis stems largely from mismanagement, it needs to be stated that a radical solution must come from the core material side, including the intrinsic properties of the polymers and their formulations. The manner in which the cascaded use of bioplastics, labeling, legislation, recycling technologies, and consumer awareness can contribute to a zero-waste future for plastics is the core topics of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Keith
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Martin Koller
- Institute of Chemistry, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Maximilian Lackner
- Go!PHA, Oudebrugsteeg 9, 1012 JN Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Hoechstaedtplatz 6, 1200 Vienna, Austria
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Chang YC, Venkateswar Reddy M, Suzuki H, Terayama T, Mawatari Y, Seki C, Sarkar O. Characterization of Ralstonia insidiosa C1 isolated from Alpine regions: Capability in polyhydroxyalkanoates degradation and production. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134348. [PMID: 38653138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
This study ventures into the exploration of potential poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) degradation in alpine environments. PHB-degrading bacteria were identified in both campus soil, representing a residential area, and Mt. Kurodake soil, an alpine region in Hokkaido, Japan. Next-generation sequencing analysis indicated that the campus soil exhibited higher microbial diversity, while Ralstonia insidiosa C1, isolated from Mt. Kurodake soil, displayed the highest proficiency in PHB degradation. R. insidiosa C1 efficiently degraded up to 3% (w/v) of PHB and various films composed of other biopolymers at 14 °C. This bacterium synthesized homopolymers using substrates such as 3-hydroxybutyric acid, sugars, and acetic acid, while also produced copolymers using a mixture of fatty acids. The analysis results confirmed that the biopolymer synthesized by strain C1 using glucose was PHB, with physical properties comparable to commercial products. The unique capabilities of R. insidiosa C1, encompassing both the production and degradation of bioplastics, highlight its potential to establish a novel material circulation model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Cheol Chang
- Course of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Sustainable and Environmental Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Hokkaido 050-8585, Japan; Department of Sciences and Informatics, Course of Chemical and Biological Systems, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran 050-8585, Japan.
| | - M Venkateswar Reddy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Hinako Suzuki
- Department of Sciences and Informatics, Course of Chemical and Biological Systems, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran 050-8585, Japan
| | - Takumi Terayama
- Course of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Sustainable and Environmental Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Hokkaido 050-8585, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Mawatari
- Course of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Sustainable and Environmental Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Hokkaido 050-8585, Japan; Department of Sciences and Informatics, Course of Chemical and Biological Systems, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran 050-8585, Japan
| | - Chigusa Seki
- Course of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Sustainable and Environmental Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Hokkaido 050-8585, Japan; Department of Sciences and Informatics, Course of Chemical and Biological Systems, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran 050-8585, Japan
| | - Omprakash Sarkar
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden
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Yu L, An Z, Xie D, Yin D, Xie G, Gao X, Xiao Y, Liu J, Fang Z. From waste to protein: a new strategy of converting composted distilled grain wastes into animal feed. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1405564. [PMID: 38881654 PMCID: PMC11176434 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1405564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Distilled grain waste (DGW) is rich in nutrients and can be a potential resource as animal feed. However, DGW contains as much as 14% lignin, dramatically reducing the feeding value. White-rot fungi such as Pleurotus ostreatus could preferentially degrade lignin with high efficiency. However, lignin derivatives generated during alcohol distillation inhibit P. ostreatus growth. Thus, finding a new strategy to adjust the DGW properties to facilitate P. ostreatus growth is critical for animal feed preparation and DGW recycling. In this study, three dominant indigenous bacteria, including Sphingobacterium thermophilum X1, Pseudoxanthomonas byssovorax X3, and Bacillus velezensis 15F were chosen to generate single and compound microbial inoculums for DGW composting to prepare substrates for P. ostreatus growth. Compared with non-inoculated control or single microbial inoculation, all composite inoculations, especially the three-microbial compound, led to faster organic metabolism, shorter composting process, and improved physicochemical properties of DGW. P. ostreatus growth assays showed the fastest mycelial colonization (20.43 μg·g-1 ergosterol) and extension (9 mm/d), the highest ligninolytic enzyme activities (Lac, 152.68 U·g-1; Lip, 15.56 U·g-1; MnP, 0.34 U·g-1; Xylanase, 10.98 U·g-1; FPase, 0.71 U·g-1), and the highest lignin degradation ratio (30.77%) in the DGW sample after 12 h of composting with the three-microbial compound inoculation when compared to other groups. This sample was relatively abundant in bacteria playing critical roles in amino acid, carbohydrate, energy metabolism, and xenobiotic biodegradation, as suggested by metagenomic analysis. The feed value analysis revealed that P. ostreatus mycelia full colonization in composted DGW led to high fiber content retention and decreased lignin content (final ratio of 5% lignin) but elevated protein concentrations (about 130 g·kg-1 DM). An additional daily weight gain of 0.4 kg/d was shown in cattle feeding experiments by replacing 60% of regular feed with it. These findings demonstrate that compound inoculant consisting of three indigenous microorganisms is efficient to compost DGW and facilitate P. ostreatus growth. P. ostreatus decreased the lignin content of composted DGW during its mycelial growth, improving the quality of DGW for feeding cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Zichao An
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Dengdeng Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Diao Yin
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Guopai Xie
- Anhui Golden Seed Winery Co., Ltd., Fuyang, China
| | - Xuezhi Gao
- Anhui Golden Seed Winery Co., Ltd., Fuyang, China
| | - Yazhong Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Zemin Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
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Piyathilake U, Lin C, Bolan N, Bundschuh J, Rinklebe J, Herath I. Exploring the hidden environmental pollution of microplastics derived from bioplastics: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 355:141773. [PMID: 38548076 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Bioplastics might be an ecofriendly alternative to traditional plastics. However, recent studies have emphasized that even bioplastics can end up becoming micro- and nano-plastics due to their degradation under ambient environmental conditions. Hence, there is an urgent need to assess the hidden environmental pollution caused by bioplastics. However, little is known about the evolutionary trends of bibliographic data, degradation pathways, formation, and toxicity of micro- and nano-scaled bioplastics originating from biodegradable polymers such as polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, and starch-based plastics. Therefore, the prime objective of the current review was to investigate evolutionary trends and the latest advancements in the field of micro-bioplastic pollution. Additionally, it aims to confront the limitations of existing research on microplastic pollution derived from the degradation of bioplastic wastes, and to understand what is needed in future research. The literature survey revealed that research focusing on micro- and nano-bioplastics has begun since 2012. This review identifies novel insights into microbioplastics formation through diverse degradation pathways, including photo-oxidation, ozone-induced degradation, mechanochemical degradation, biodegradation, thermal, and catalytic degradation. Critical research gaps are identified, including defining optimal environmental conditions for complete degradation of diverse bioplastics, exploring micro- and nano-bioplastics formation in natural environments, investigating the global occurrence and distribution of these particles in diverse ecosystems, assessing toxic substances released during bioplastics degradation, and bridging the disparity between laboratory studies and real-world applications. By identifying new trends and knowledge gaps, this study lays the groundwork for future investigations and sustainable solutions in the realm of sustainable management of bioplastic wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udara Piyathilake
- Environmental Science Division, National Institute of Fundamental Studies (NIFS), Kandy, 2000, Sri Lanka
| | - Chuxia Lin
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, The University of Southern Queensland, West Street, 4350, QLD, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Indika Herath
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia.
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Lee ES, Park SY, Kim CG. Comparison of anaerobic digestion of starch- and petro-based bioplastic under hydrogen-rich conditions. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 175:133-145. [PMID: 38194798 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
To identify an economically viable waste management system for bioplastics, thermoplastic starch (TPS) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) were anaerobically digested under hydrogen (H2)/carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen (N2) gas-purged conditions to compare methane (CH4) production and biodegradation. Regardless of the type of bioplastics, CH4 production was consistently higher with H2/CO2 than with N2. The highest amount of CH4 was produced at 307.74 mL CH4/g volatile solids when TPS digested with H2/CO2. A stepwise increased in CH4 yield was observed, with a nominal initial increment followed by accelerated methanogenesis conversion as H2 was depleted. This may be attributed to a substantial shift in the microbial structure from hydrogenotrophic methanogen (Methanobacteriales and Methanomicrobiales) to heterotrophs (Spirochaetia). In contrast, no significant change was observed with PBAT, regardless of the type of purged gas. TPS was broken down into numerous derivatives, including volatile fatty acids. TPS produced more byproducts with H2/CO2 (i.e., 430) than with N2 (i.e., 320). In contrast, differential scanning calorimetry analysis on PBAT revealed an increase in crystallinity from 10.20 % to 12.31 % and 11.36 % in the H2/CO2- and N2-purged conditions, respectively, after 65 days of testing. PBAT surface modifications were characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results suggest that the addition of H2/CO2 can enhance the CH4 yield and increase the breakdown rate of TPS more than that of PBAT. This study provides novel insights into the CH4 production potential of two bioplastics with different biodegradabilities in H2/CO2-mediated anaerobic digestion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Seo Lee
- Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering, INHA University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Yeong Park
- Institute of Environmental Research, INHA University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Gyun Kim
- Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering, INHA University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Engineering, INHA University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
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Han Y, Chao M, Luo C, Yan L. Self-assembled B-doped flower-like graphitic carbon nitride with high specific surface area for enhanced photocatalytic performance. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 657:309-319. [PMID: 38043232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.11.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a promising nonmetallic photocatalyst. In this manuscript, B-doped 3D flower-like g-C3N4 mesoporous nanospheres (BMNS) were successfully prepared by self-assembly method. The doping of B element promotes the internal growth of hollow flower-like g-C3N4 without changing the surface roughness structure, resulting in a porous floc structure, which enhances the light absorption and light reflection ability, thereby improving the light utilization rate. In addition, B element provides lower band gap, which stimulates the carrier movement and increases the activity of photogenerated carriers. The photocatalytic mechanism and process of BMNS were investigated in depth by structural characterization and performance testing. BMNS-10 % shows good degradation for four different pollutants, among which the degradation effect on Rhodamine B (RhB) reaches 97 % in 30 min. The apparent rate constant of RhB degradation by BMNS-10 % is 0.125 min-1, which is 46 times faster compared to bulk g-C3N4 (BCN). And the photocatalyst also exhibits excellent H2O2 production rate under visible light. Under λ > 420 nm, the H2O2 yield of BMNS-10 % (779.9 μM) in 1 h is 15.9 times higher than that of BCN (48.98 μM). Finally, the photocatalytic mechanism is proposed from the results of free radical trapping experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Han
- Polymer Materials & Engineering Department, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Chang'an University, Xian 710064, China
| | - Min Chao
- Polymer Materials & Engineering Department, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Chang'an University, Xian 710064, China.
| | - Chunjia Luo
- Polymer Materials & Engineering Department, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Chang'an University, Xian 710064, China
| | - Luke Yan
- Polymer Materials & Engineering Department, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Chang'an University, Xian 710064, China.
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Alrowais R, Said N, Mahmoud-Aly M, Helmi AM, Nasef BM, Abdel Daiem MM. Influences of straw alkaline pretreatment on biogas production and digestate characteristics: artificial neural network and multivariate statistical techniques. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:13638-13655. [PMID: 38253834 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31945-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is one of the best options for producing valuable end products (biogas and biofertilizer). The aim of this study was to investigate the influences of thermoalkaline pretreatment of wheat straw on biogas production and digestate characteristics from codigestion with waste-activated sludge. Different alkaline conditions (NaOH, KOH and Na2CO3) and pretreatment durations (1, 3 and 5 h) were used for straw pretreatment. Batch anaerobic codigestion of sludge and pretreated straw was conducted under different pretreatment conditions. A feedforward neural network (FFNN) model, logistic model and statistical analysis were applied to the experimental data to predict biogas and investigate the significance and relationships among the variables. NaOH pretreatment for 5 h showed the best treatment conditions: biogas yield was 6.59 times higher than that without treatment. Moreover, the proportions of total solids, total volatile solids, chemical oxygen demand and microbial count removed reached 63.52%, 74.60%, 78.15% and 82.22%, respectively. The methane content was 67.50%, indicating that the biogas had a high quality. The thermoalkaline pretreatment significantly affected biogas production and digestate characteristics, allowing it to be used as a biofertilizer. Experimental data were successfully modelled for predicting biogas production using the applied models. The R2 values reached 0.985 and 0.999 for the logistic and FFNN models, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raid Alrowais
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakakah, 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha Said
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mahmoud-Aly
- Plant Physiology Division, Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Helmi
- Computer Engineering Department, Engineering and Information Technology College, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah, 51418, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Computer and Systems Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Basheer M Nasef
- Computer and Systems Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Abdel Daiem
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Shaqra University, 11911, Al-Duwadmi, Ar Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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11
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Zhao L, Wang P, Li Y, Yu M, Zheng Y, Ren L, Wang Y, Li J. Feasibility of anaerobic co-digestion of biodegradable plastics with food waste, investigation of microbial diversity and digestate phytotoxicity. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130029. [PMID: 37977495 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The effects of biodegradable plastics of different thicknesses (30 and 40 μm) and sizes (20 × 20, 2 × 2, and 1 × 1 mm) on anaerobic digestion of food waste and digestate phytotoxicity were investigated. Methane productions (38 days) for the groups with 20 × 20, 2 × 2, and 1 × 1 mm of 30 μm plastics were 92.46, 138.27, and 259.95 mL/gVSremoval, respectively which are nearly 58 % higher than the control group (58.86 mL/gVSremoval). Methane production in 40 μm plastics groups was lower than in 30 μm groups of equal size. All sizes of 30 µm plastics promoted substrate hydrolysis, acidification, and relative abundance of key hydrolytic bacteria and methanogens. Phytotoxicity tests results showed that seed root elongation was inhibited in groups with 40 μm plastics. In conclusion, 30 μm biodegradable plastics were more suitable for anaerobic digestion with food waste than 40 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Zhao
- School of Ecology and Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Pan Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yingnan Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Miao Yu
- School of Ecology and Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou 215128, China; College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lianhai Ren
- School of Ecology and Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yongjing Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Ji Li
- Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou 215128, China; College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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12
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James-Pearson LF, Dudley KJ, Te'o VSJ, Patel BKC. A hot topic: thermophilic plastic biodegradation. Trends Biotechnol 2023; 41:1117-1126. [PMID: 37121828 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Biological degradation of plastic waste is an environmentally and economically friendlier alternative to current recycling practices and enables the cycling of plastic monomers back into virgin-quality plastics. However, due to slow reaction rates, there is a lack of an industrially viable biodegradation strategy for most plastics. Here, we highlight the applicability of a thermophilic biodegradation strategy over a mesophilic approach, to enhance enzyme accessibility and catalyze plastic biodegradation. Thus, at reactions closer to the melting temperature or glass transition temperature of plastics, thermophilic reactions can offer an alternative direction to conventional plastic biodegradation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa F James-Pearson
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kevin J Dudley
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Valentino Setoa Junior Te'o
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bharat K C Patel
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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13
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Struckmann Poulsen J, Trueba Santiso A, Lema JM, Gregersen Echers S, Wimmer R, Lund Nielsen J. Assessing labelled carbon assimilation from poly butylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT) monomers during thermophilic anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129430. [PMID: 37399952 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
PBAT (poly butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) is a widely used biodegradable plastic, but the knowledge about its metabolization in anaerobic environments is very limited. In this study, the anaerobic digester sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant was used as inoculum to investigate the biodegradability of PBAT monomers in thermophilic conditions. The research employs a combination of 13C-labelled monomers and proteogenomics to track the labelled carbon and identify the microorganisms involved. A total of 122 labelled peptides of interest were identified for adipic acid (AA) and 1,4-butanedio (BD). Through the time-dependent isotopic enrichment and isotopic profile distributions, Bacteroides, Ichthyobacterium, and Methanosarcina were proven to be directly involved in the metabolization of at least one monomer. This study provides a first insight into the identity and genomic potential of microorganisms responsible for biodegradability of PBAT monomers during anaerobic digestion under thermophilic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Struckmann Poulsen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg E, Denmark
| | - Alba Trueba Santiso
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg E, Denmark; CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Juan M Lema
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Simon Gregersen Echers
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg E, Denmark
| | - Reinhard Wimmer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg E, Denmark
| | - Jeppe Lund Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg E, Denmark.
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14
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Lee J, Kang YJ, Kim YK, Choi JY, Shin SM, Shin MC. Exploring the Influence of Growth-Associated Host Genetics on the Initial Gut Microbiota in Horses. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1354. [PMID: 37510259 PMCID: PMC10379381 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The influences of diet and environmental factors on gut microbial profiles have been widely acknowledged; however, the specific roles of host genetics remain uncertain. To unravel host genetic effects, we raised 47 Jeju crossbred (Jeju × Thoroughbred) foals that exhibited higher genetic diversity. Foals were raised under identical environmental conditions and diets. Microbial composition revealed that Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Spirochaetes were the predominant phyla. We identified 31 host-microbiome associations by utilizing 47,668 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 734 taxa with quantitative trait locus (QTL) information related to horse growth. The taxa involved in 31 host-microbiome associations were functionally linked to carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolic processes, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, and lactic acid production. Abundances of these taxa were affected by specific SNP genotypes. Most growth-associated SNPs are found between genes. The rs69057439 and rs69127732 SNPs are located within the introns of the VWA8 and MFSD6 genes, respectively. These genes are known to affect energy balance and metabolism. These discoveries emphasize the significant effect of host SNPs on the development of the intestinal microbiome during the initial phases of life and provide insights into the influence of gut microbial composition on horse growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongan Lee
- Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeju 63242, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jun Kang
- Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeju 63242, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Kyung Kim
- Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeju 63242, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Choi
- Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeju 63242, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Min Shin
- Subtropical Livestock Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Jeju 63242, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Cheol Shin
- Planning and Coordination Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
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15
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Bracciale MP, De Gioannis G, Falzarano M, Muntoni A, Polettini A, Pomi R, Rossi A, Sarasini F, Tirillò J, Zonfa T. Anaerobic biodegradation of disposable PLA-based products: Assessing the correlation with physical, chemical and microstructural properties. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 452:131244. [PMID: 36965354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study commercial Polylactic Acid-based disposable cups and plates were selected for lab scale anaerobic degradability tests. The experiments were carried out under thermophilic conditions at different inoculum to substrate ratios and test material sizes, and the specific biogas production and associated kinetics were evaluated. Maximum biogas production was comparable for almost all the experimental runs (1620 and 1830 NmL/gTOCPLA) and a biodegradation degree in the range 86-100% was attained. Moreover, physical, chemical and microscopical analyses were used to characterize the tested materials before and after the degradation. The products composition was assessed and the presence of some additives (mainly Ca-based) was detected. Potential correlations among the process parameters and product composition were derived and a delay in process kinetics with increasing amount of additives embedded in the polymeric matrix was observed, confirming the relevant influence of the chemical blend on the biodegradation process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giorgia De Gioannis
- DICAAR Department, University of Cagliari, Piazza D'Armi 1, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marica Falzarano
- DICEA Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Roma, Italy.
| | - Aldo Muntoni
- DICAAR Department, University of Cagliari, Piazza D'Armi 1, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Polettini
- DICEA Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Roma, Italy
| | - Raffaella Pomi
- DICEA Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Roma, Italy
| | - Andreina Rossi
- DICEA Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Roma, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Sarasini
- DICMA Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Roma, Italy
| | - Jacopo Tirillò
- DICMA Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Roma, Italy
| | - Tatiana Zonfa
- DICEA Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Roma, Italy
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16
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Li J, Xu X, Chen C, Xu L, Du Z, Gu L, Xiang P, Shi D, Huangfu X, Liu F. Conductive materials enhance microbial salt-tolerance in anaerobic digestion of food waste: Microbial response and metagenomics analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 227:115779. [PMID: 36967003 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that high salinity environments can inhibit anaerobic digestion (AD) of food waste (FW). Finding ways to alleviate salt inhibition is important for the disposal of the growing amount of FW. We selected three common conductive materials (powdered activated carbon, magnetite, and graphite) to understand their performance and individual mechanisms that relieve salinity inhibition. Digester performances and related enzyme parameters were compared. Our data revealed that under normal and low salinity stress conditions, the anaerobic digester ran steady without significant inhibitions. Further, the presence of conductive materials promoted conversion rate of methanogenesis. This promotion effect was highest from magnetite > powdered activated carbon (PAC) > graphite. At 1.5% salinity, PAC and magnetite are beneficial in maintaining high methane production efficiency while control and the graphite added digester acidified and failed rapidly. Additionally, metagenomics and binning were used to analyze the metabolic capacity of the microorganisms. Some species enriched by PAC and magnetite possessed higher cation transport capacities and were to accumulate compatible solutes. PAC and magnetite promoted direct interspecies electron transference (DIET) and syntrophic oxidation of butyrate and propionate. Also, the microorganisms had more energy available to cope with salt inhibition in the PAC and magnetite added digesters. Our data imply that the promotion of Na+/H+ antiporter, K+ uptake, and osmoprotectant synthesis or transport by conductive materials may be crucial for their proliferation in highly stressful environments. These findings will help to understand the mechanisms of alleviate salt inhibition by conductive materials and help to recover methane from high-salinity FW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhao Li
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, 400045, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, 400045, PR China
| | - Cong Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, 400045, PR China
| | - Linji Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, 400045, PR China
| | - Zexuan Du
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, 400045, PR China
| | - Li Gu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, 400045, PR China.
| | - Ping Xiang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, 400045, PR China.
| | - Dezhi Shi
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, 400045, PR China
| | - Xiaoliu Huangfu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, 400045, PR China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, PR China
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17
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García-Depraect O, Lebrero R, Martínez-Mendoza LJ, Rodriguez-Vega S, Aragão Börner R, Börner T, Muñoz R. Enhancement of biogas production rate from bioplastics by alkaline pretreatment. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 164:154-161. [PMID: 37059039 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The effect of alkali-based pretreatment on the methanization of bioplastics was investigated. The tested bioplastics included PHB [poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)], PHBH [poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)], PHBV [poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate], PLA (polylactic acid), and a PLA/PCL [poly(caprolactone)] 80/20 blend. Prior to methanization tests, the powdered polymers (500-1000 μm) at a concentration of 50 g/L were subjected to alkaline pretreatment using NaOH 1 M for PLA and PLA/PCL, and NaOH 2 M for PHB-based materials. Following 7 days of pretreatment, the amount of solubilized carbon for PLA and its blend accounted for 92-98% of the total initial carbon, while lower carbon recoveries were recorded for most PHB-based materials (80-93%), as revealed by dissolved total organic carbon analysis. The pretreated bioplastics were then tested for biogas production by means of mesophilic biochemical methane potential tests. Compared to unpretreated PHBs, methanization rates of pretreated PHBs were accelerated by a factor of 2.7 to 9.1 with comparable (430 NmL CH4/g material feed) or slightly lower (15% in the case of PHBH) methane yields, despite featuring a 1.4-2.3 times longer lag phases. Both materials, PLA and the PLA/PCL blend, were only extensively digested when pretreated, yielding about 360-380 NmL CH4 per gram of material fed. Unpretreated PLA-based materials showed nearly zero methanization under the timeframe and experimental conditions tested. Overall, the results suggested that alkaline pretreatment can help to enhance the methanization kinetics of bioplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio García-Depraect
- Institute of Sustainable Processes, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Raquel Lebrero
- Institute of Sustainable Processes, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Leonardo J Martínez-Mendoza
- Institute of Sustainable Processes, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Sara Rodriguez-Vega
- Institute of Sustainable Processes, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rosa Aragão Börner
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Route du Jorat 57, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tim Börner
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Route du Jorat 57, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raúl Muñoz
- Institute of Sustainable Processes, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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18
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Shang Z, Wang R, Zhang X, Tu Y, Sheng C, Yuan H, Wen L, Li Y, Zhang J, Wang X, Yang G, Feng Y, Ren G. Differential effects of petroleum-based and bio-based microplastics on anaerobic digestion: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 875:162674. [PMID: 36894074 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The number of plastics is increasing owing to the rapid development of the plastics industry. Microplastics (MPs) are formed during the use of both petroleum-based plastics and newly developed bio-based plastics. These MPs are inevitably released into the environment and are enriched in wastewater treatment plant sludge. Anaerobic digestion is a popular sludge stabilization method for wastewater treatment plants. Understanding the potential impacts of different MPs on anaerobic digestion is critical. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the mechanisms of petroleum-based MPs and bio-based MPs in anaerobic digestion methane production and compares their potential effects on biochemical pathways, key enzyme activities, and microbial communities. Finally, it identifies problems that must be solved in the future, proposes the focus of future research, and predicts the future development direction of the plastics industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezhou Shang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiyi Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongle Tu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chenjing Sheng
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huan Yuan
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Wen
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yulu Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaojiao Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Gaihe Yang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongzhong Feng
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guangxin Ren
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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19
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Haffiez N, Zakaria BS, Mohammad Mirsoleimani Azizi S, Ranjan Dhar B. Antibiotic resistance genes proliferation under anaerobic degradation of polylactic acid and polyhydroxy butyrate bioplastics. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 175:107938. [PMID: 37120980 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
As the global concern over plastic pollution grows, efforts are underway to find environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional plastics. Bioplastics are being extensively researched and developed as a possible solution. This study compared the impact of two bioplastics, polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxy butyrate (PHB), on the proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) during anaerobic digestion (AD). Both bioplastics (250-500 particles) could be degraded to a certain extent over 79 days, as indicated by higher methane production than the control without bioplastic particles. The PHB 500 reactor showed the highest methane yield along with the highest biodegradation efficiency (91 %) than other reactors amended with PHB and PLA particles. The highest ARG and MGE abundances were also observed in PLA 500, and the lowest ARG abundance was in PLA 250. Conversely, PHB reactors showed a relatively lower ARG abundance than the control. The correlation analysis suggested that most ARGs were positively correlated with PLA and negatively correlated with PHB (except for tetA, tetB, and tetX). Moreover, a correlation between MGEs and ARGs in PLA and PHB reactors was revealed by correlation analysis. These results show that AD responds differently to the different types/levels of bioplastics, which can ultimately influence the behavior of ARG proliferation. Thus, bioplastics may also pose a potential risk for spreading antibiotic resistance. These findings can be used as a basis for setting environmental standards for bioplastics and creating monitoring and control measures to prevent potential negative impacts on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nervana Haffiez
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Basem S Zakaria
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | | | - Bipro Ranjan Dhar
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada.
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20
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Falzarano M, Polettini A, Pomi R, Rossi A, Zonfa T. Anaerobic Biodegradability of Commercial Bioplastic Products: Systematic Bibliographic Analysis and Critical Assessment of the Latest Advances. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2216. [PMID: 36984096 PMCID: PMC10058929 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bioplastics have entered everyday life as a potential sustainable substitute for commodity plastics. However, still further progress should be made to clarify their degradation behavior under controlled and uncontrolled conditions. The wide array of biopolymers and commercial blends available make predicting the biodegradation degree and kinetics quite a complex issue that requires specific knowledge of the multiple factors affecting the degradation process. This paper summarizes the main scientific literature on anaerobic digestion of biodegradable plastics through a general bibliographic analysis and a more detailed discussion of specific results from relevant experimental studies. The critical analysis of literature data initially included 275 scientific references, which were then screened for duplication/pertinence/relevance. The screened references were analyzed to derive some general features of the research profile, trends, and evolution in the field of anaerobic biodegradation of bioplastics. The second stage of the analysis involved extracting detailed results about bioplastic degradability under anaerobic conditions by screening analytical and performance data on biodegradation performance for different types of bioplastic products and different anaerobic biodegradation conditions, with a particular emphasis on the most recent data. A critical overview of existing biopolymers is presented, along with their properties and degradation mechanisms and the operating parameters influencing/enhancing the degradation process under anaerobic conditions.
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