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Zhong HJ, Zhuang YP, Xie X, Song JY, Wang SQ, Wu L, Zhan YQ, Wu Q, He XX. Washed microbiota transplantation promotes homing of group 3 innate lymphoid cells to the liver via the CXCL16/CXCR6 axis: a potential treatment for metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2372881. [PMID: 38940400 PMCID: PMC11216104 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2372881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the observed decrease in liver fat associated with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in mice following fecal microbiota transplantation, the clinical effects and underlying mechanisms of washed microbiota transplantation (WMT), a refined method of fecal microbiota transplantation, for the treatment of MAFLD remain unclear. In this study, both patients and mice with MAFLD exhibit an altered gut microbiota composition. WMT increases the levels of beneficial bacteria, decreases the abundance of pathogenic bacteria, and reduces hepatic steatosis in MAFLD-affected patients and mice. Downregulation of the liver-homing chemokine receptor CXCR6 on ILC3s results in an atypical distribution of ILC3s in patients and mice with MAFLD, characterized by a significant reduction in ILC3s in the liver and an increase in ILC3s outside the liver. Moreover, disease severity is negatively correlated with the proportion of hepatic ILC3s. These hepatic ILC3s demonstrate a mitigating effect on hepatic steatosis through the release of IL-22. Mechanistically, WMT upregulates CXCR6 expression on ILC3s, thereby facilitating their migration to the liver of MAFLD mice via the CXCL16/CXCR6 axis, ultimately contributing to the amelioration of MAFLD. Overall, these findings highlight that WMT and targeting of liver-homing ILC3s could be promising strategies for the treatment of MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Jie Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Pei Zhuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinqiang Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Yin Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Qi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Zhan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Xiang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Mak ML, Reid KT, Crome SQ. Protective and pathogenic functions of innate lymphoid cells in transplantation. Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 213:23-39. [PMID: 37119279 PMCID: PMC10324558 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a family of lymphocytes with essential roles in tissue homeostasis and immunity. Along with other tissue-resident immune populations, distinct subsets of ILCs have important roles in either promoting or inhibiting immune tolerance in a variety of contexts, including cancer and autoimmunity. In solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, both donor and recipient-derived ILCs could contribute to immune tolerance or rejection, yet understanding of protective or pathogenic functions are only beginning to emerge. In addition to roles in directing or regulating immune responses, ILCs interface with parenchymal cells to support tissue homeostasis and even regeneration. Whether specific ILCs are tissue-protective or enhance ischemia reperfusion injury or fibrosis is of particular interest to the field of transplantation, beyond any roles in limiting or promoting allograft rejection or graft-versus host disease. Within this review, we discuss the current understanding of ILCs functions in promoting immune tolerance and tissue repair at homeostasis and in the context of transplantation and highlight where targeting or harnessing ILCs could have applications in novel transplant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin L Mak
- Department of Immunology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kyle T Reid
- Department of Immunology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sarah Q Crome
- Department of Immunology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
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Jiang S, Zheng Y, Lv B, He S, Yang W, Wang B, Zhou J, Liu S, Li D, Lin J. Single-cell landscape dissecting the transcription and heterogeneity of innate lymphoid cells in ischemic heart. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1129007. [PMID: 37228603 PMCID: PMC10203554 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1129007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Until now, few articles have revealed the potential roles of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in cardiovascular diseases. However, the infiltration of ILC subsets in ischemic myocardium, the roles of ILC subsets in myocardial infarction (MI) and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) and the related cellular and molecular mechanisms have not been described with a sufficient level of detail. Method In the current study, 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups: MI, MIRI and sham group. Single-cell sequencing technology was used to perform dimensionality reduction clustering of ILC to analyze the ILC subset landscape at a single-cell resolution, and finally flow cytometry was used to confirm the existence of the new ILC subsets in different disease groups. Results Five ILC subsets were found, including ILC1, ILC2a, ILC2b, ILCdc and ILCt. It is worth noting that ILCdc, ILC2b and ILCt were identified as new ILC subclusters in the heart. The cellular landscapes of ILCs were revealed and signal pathways were predicted. Furthermore, pseudotime trajectory analysis exhibited different ILC statuses and traced related gene expression in normal and ischemic conditions. In addition, we established a ligand-receptor-transcription factor-target gene regulatory network to disclose cell communications among ILC clusters. Moreover, we further revealed the transcriptional features of the ILCdc and ILC2a subsets. Finally, the existence of ILCdc was confirmed by flow cytometry. Conclusion Collectively, by characterizing the spectrums of ILC subclusters, our results provide a new blueprint for understanding ILC subclusters' roles in myocardial ischemia diseases and further potential treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijiu Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yuqi Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingjie Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaolin He
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenling Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Boyuan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shangwei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dazhu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jibin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Roberts LB, Lord GM, Howard JK. Heartbreakers or Healers? Innate Lymphoid Cells in Cardiovascular Disease and Obesity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:903678. [PMID: 35634348 PMCID: PMC9130471 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.903678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for most pre-mature deaths worldwide, contributing significantly to the global burden of disease and its associated costs to individuals and healthcare systems. Obesity and associated metabolic inflammation underlie development of several major health conditions which act as direct risk factors for development of CVDs. Immune system responses contribute greatly to CVD development and progression, as well as disease resolution. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a family of helper-like and cytotoxic lymphocytes, typically enriched at barrier sites such as the skin, lung, and gastrointestinal tract. However, recent studies indicate that most solid organs and tissues are home to resident populations of ILCs - including those of the cardiovascular system. Despite their relative rarity, ILCs contribute to many important biological effects during health, whilst promoting inflammatory responses during tissue damage and disease. This mini review will discuss the evidence for pathological and protective roles of ILCs in CVD, and its associated risk factor, obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke B Roberts
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Graham M Lord
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jane K Howard
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Huang M, Cai H, Han B, Xia Y, Kong X, Gu J. Natural Killer Cells in Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:870038. [PMID: 35418990 PMCID: PMC8996070 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.870038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury can be divided into two phases, including insufficient supply of oxygen and nutrients in the first stage and then organ injury caused by immune inflammation after blood flow recovery. Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion is an important cause of liver injury post-surgery, consisting of partial hepatectomy and liver transplantation, and a central driver of graft dysfunction, which greatly leads to complications and mortality after liver transplantation. Natural killer (NK) cells are the lymphocyte population mainly involved in innate immune response in the human liver. In addition to their well-known role in anti-virus and anti-tumor defense, NK cells are also considered to regulate the pathogenesis of liver ischemia-reperfusion injury under the support of more and more evidence recently. The infiltration of NK cells into the liver exacerbates the hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, which could be significantly alleviated after depletion of NK cells. Interestingly, NK cells may contribute to both liver graft rejection and tolerance according to their origins. In this article, we discussed the development of liver NK cells, their role in ischemia-reperfusion injury, and strategies of inhibiting NK cell activation in order to provide potential possibilities for translation application in future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Huang
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Central Laboratory, Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Cai
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhan Xia
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoni Kong
- Central Laboratory, Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyang Gu
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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6
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Shaker ME, Hamed MF, Shaaban AA. Digoxin mitigates diethylnitrosamine-induced acute liver injury in mice via limiting production of inflammatory mediators. Saudi Pharm J 2022; 30:291-299. [PMID: 35498227 PMCID: PMC9051977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardiotonic digoxin has been recently shown to possess an anti-inflammatory potential in numerous metabolic and inflammatory disorders. However, data about digoxin’s impact in the setting of acute liver injury and sterile inflammation are still limited. Here, we investigated the potential effect of digoxin pretreatments (0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg, oral) on the severity of acute hepatotoxicity in mice challenged with a single dose of diethylnitrosamine (DN; 150 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) for 24 h. Our results indicated that digoxin pretreatments dose-dependently mitigated DN-induced rise of hepatocellular injury parameters and necroinflammation scores. Digoxin, particularly at dose of 0.5 mg/kg, boosted the number of PCNA positive hepatocytes, leading to improvement of the reparative potential in hepatocytes of DN-intoxicated livers. Digoxin’s ameliorative effect on DN-hepatotoxicity coincided with (i) lowering the increased hepatic production and release of the proinflammatory mediators IL-17A, IL-1β and TNF-α, and (ii) impeding the attraction and infiltration of monocytes to the liver, as denoted by decreasing serum MCP-1 and F4/80 immunohistochemical expression. These effects were attributed to reducing DN-induced activation of NF-κB and overexpression of CD98 in the liver. Meanwhile, DN elicited a decline in the hepatic production and release of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-22 and IL-6, which was intensified by digoxin, especially at a dose 0.5 mg/kg. In conclusion, digoxin conferred liver protection against DN-insult by impairing the overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines and infiltration of inflammatory cells to the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E. Shaker
- Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Corresponding author at: Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohamed F. Hamed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Shaaban
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
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Yang W, Lin J, Zhou J, Zheng Y, Jiang S, He S, Li D. Innate Lymphoid Cells and Myocardial Infarction. Front Immunol 2021; 12:758272. [PMID: 34867998 PMCID: PMC8636005 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.758272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction results from obstruction of a coronary artery that causes insufficient blood supply to the myocardium and leads to ischemic necrosis. It is one of the most common diseases threatening human health and is characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Atherosclerosis is the pathological basis of myocardial infarction, and its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are an important part of the human immune system and participate in many processes, including inflammation, metabolism and tissue remodeling, and play an important role in atherosclerosis. However, their specific roles in myocardial infarction are unclear. This review describes the current understanding of the relationship between innate lymphoid cells and myocardial infarction during the acute phase of myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and heart repair and regeneration following myocardial infarction. We suggest that this review may provide new potential intervention targets and ideas for treatment and prevention of myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenling Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jibin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqi Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shijiu Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaolin He
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dazhu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Abstract
Since their relatively recent discovery, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been shown to be tissue-resident lymphocytes that are critical mediators of tissue homeostasis, regeneration, and pathogen response. However, ILC dysregulation contributes to a diverse spectrum of human diseases, spanning virtually every organ system. ILCs rapidly respond to environmental cues by altering their own phenotype and function as well as influencing the behavior of other local tissue-resident cells. With a growing understanding of ILC biology, investigators continue to elucidate mechanisms that expand our ability to phenotype, isolate, target, and expand ILCs ex vivo. With mounting preclinical data and clinical correlates, the role of ILCs in both disease pathogenesis and resolution is evident, justifying ILC manipulation for clinical benefit. This Review will highlight areas of ongoing translational research and critical questions for future study that will enable us to harness the full therapeutic potential of these captivating cells.
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Xiang X, Hwang S, Feng D, Shah VH, Gao B. Interleukin-22 in alcoholic hepatitis and beyond. Hepatol Int 2020; 14:667-676. [PMID: 32892258 PMCID: PMC7572732 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-020-10082-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a clinical syndrome characterized by jaundice and progressive inflammatory liver injury in patients with a history of prolonged periods of excess alcohol consumption and recent heavy alcohol abuse. Severe AH is a life-threatening form of alcohol-associated liver disease with a high short-term mortality rate around 30-50% at one month from the initial presentation. A large number of pro-inflammatory mediators, metabolic pathways, transcriptional factors and epigenetic factors have been suggested to be associated with the development and progression of AH. Several factors may contribute to liver failure and mortality in patients with severe AH including hepatocyte death, inflammation, and impaired liver regeneration. Although the pathogeneses of AH have been extensively investigated and many therapeutic targets have been identified over the last five decades, no new drugs for AH have been successfully developed. In this review, we discuss interleukin-22 (IL-22) biology and its roles of anti-apoptosis, anti-fibrosis, anti-oxidation, anti-bacterial infection and regenerative stimulation in protecting against liver injury in many preclinical models including several recently developed models such as chronic-plus-binge ethanol feeding, acute-on-chronic liver failure, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 plus high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Finally, clinical trials of IL-22 for the treatment of AH are also discussed, which showed some promising benefits for AH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Xiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Translational Laboratory of Liver Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute On Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Seonghwan Hwang
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute On Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Dechun Feng
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute On Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Vijay H Shah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA
| | - Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute On Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Thuy LTT, Hai H, Kawada N. Role of cytoglobin, a novel radical scavenger, in stellate cell activation and hepatic fibrosis. Clin Mol Hepatol 2020; 26:280-293. [PMID: 32492766 PMCID: PMC7364355 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2020.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoglobin (Cygb), a stellate cell-specific globin, has recently drawn attention due to its association with liver fibrosis. In the livers of both humans and rodents, Cygb is expressed only in stellate cells and can be utilized as a marker to distinguish stellate cells from hepatic fibroblast-derived myofibroblasts. Loss of Cygb accelerates liver fibrosis and cancer development in mouse models of chronic liver injury including diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma, bile duct ligation-induced cholestasis, thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis, and choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. This review focuses on the history of research into the role of reactive oxygen species and nitrogen species in liver fibrosis and discusses the current perception of Cygb as a novel radical scavenger with an emphasis on its role in hepatic stellate cell activation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Thi Thanh Thuy
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hoang Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
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Liu J, Shang B, Bai J. IL-22/IL-22R1 promotes proliferation and collagen synthesis of MRC-5 cells via the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway and regulates airway subepithelial fibrosis. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:2148-2156. [PMID: 32765690 PMCID: PMC7401847 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma in children poses a threat to their health, but the mechanism remains to be elucidated. The present study investigated the mechanism by which the interleukin (IL)-22/IL-22 receptor 1 (IL-22R1) signaling pathway regulates subepithelial fibrosis in children with asthma. A total of 41 children with asthma and 12 healthy children were included in the present study. ELISA was performed to measure the content of IL-22 in peripheral blood. Serum from children with asthma was used to incubate MRC-5 cells and IL-22 antibody rescued the effect of IL-22 on the biological functions of MRC-5 cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was performed to determine IL-22R1 mRNA expression levels and western blotting was performed to measure IL-22R1 protein expression. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to analyze cell proliferation and flow cytometry was performed to assess the cell cycle distribution of MRC-5 cells. The expression of IL-22 was elevated in peripheral blood from children with asthma, which promoted the proliferation of MRC-5 cells, possibly via the upregulation of collagen type I α1 chain (COL1α1) and collagen type I α2 chain (COL1α2). IL-22 exerted its biological functions via IL-22R1. The IL-22/IL-22R1 signaling pathway regulated the proliferation of MRC-5 cells and the expression of COL1α1 and COL1α2 in MRC-5 cells via the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Mononuclear lymphocytes from children with asthma stimulated the proliferation and secretory function of fibroblasts by secreting IL-22. The present study suggested that IL-22 expression in peripheral blood of children with asthma is upregulated compared with the control group. Furthermore, the present study indicated that the IL-22/IL-22R1 signaling pathway promoted MRC-5 cell proliferation and collagen synthesis by activating the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway, thereby potentially regulating airway subepithelial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Biao Shang
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
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12
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Bhogal RH, Mirza DF, Afford SC, Mergental H. Biomarkers of Liver Injury during Transplantation in an Era of Machine Perfusion. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051578. [PMID: 32106626 PMCID: PMC7084877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver ischaemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is an intrinsic part of the transplantation process and damages the parenchymal cells of the liver including hepatocytes, endothelial cells and cholangiocytes. Many biomarkers of IRI have been described over the past two decades that have attempted to quantify the extent of IRI involving different hepatic cellular compartments, with the aim to allow clinicians to predict the suitability of donor livers for transplantation. The advent of machine perfusion has added an additional layer of complexity to this field and has forced researchers to re-evaluate the utility of IRI biomarkers in different machine preservation techniques. In this review, we summarise the current understanding of liver IRI biomarkers and discuss them in the context of machine perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricky H. Bhogal
- National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (D.F.M.); (S.C.A.)
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 6JJ, UK
- Correspondence: (R.H.B.); (H.M.); Tel.: +44-20-7468-3000 (R.H.B.); +44-121-371-4638 (H.M.)
| | - Darius F. Mirza
- National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (D.F.M.); (S.C.A.)
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - Simon C. Afford
- National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (D.F.M.); (S.C.A.)
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Hynek Mergental
- National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (D.F.M.); (S.C.A.)
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
- Correspondence: (R.H.B.); (H.M.); Tel.: +44-20-7468-3000 (R.H.B.); +44-121-371-4638 (H.M.)
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13
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Zhou H, Xie G, Mao Y, Zhou K, Ren R, Zhao Q, Wang H, Yin S. Enhanced Regeneration and Hepatoprotective Effects of Interleukin 22 Fusion Protein on a Predamaged Liver Undergoing Partial Hepatectomy. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:5241526. [PMID: 30515423 PMCID: PMC6234454 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5241526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and regeneration deficiency are two major challenges for surgery patients with chronic liver disease. As a survival factor for hepatocytes, interleukin 22 (IL-22) plays an important role in hepatoprotection and the promotion of regeneration after hepatectomy. In this study, we aim to investigate the roles of an interleukin 22 fusion protein (IL-22-FP) in mice with a predamaged liver after a two-third partial hepatectomy (PHx). Predamaged livers in mice were induced by concanavalin A (ConA)/carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) following PHx with or without IL-22-FP treatment. A hepatic IRI mouse model was also used to determine the hepatoprotective effects of IL-22-FP. In the ConA/CCl4 model, IL-22-FP treatment alleviated liver injury and accelerated hepatocyte proliferation. Administration of IL-22-FP activated the hepatic signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and upregulated the expression of many mitogenic proteins. IL-22-FP treatment prior to IRI effectively reduced liver damage through decreased aminotransferase and improved liver histology. In conclusion, IL-22-FP promotes liver regeneration in mice with predamaged livers following PHx and alleviates IRI-induced liver injury. Our study suggests that IL-22-FP may represent a promising therapeutic drug against regeneration deficiency and liver IRI in patients who have undergone PHx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Guomin Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yudi Mao
- Department of Geriatrics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ruixue Ren
- Institute for Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Qihong Zhao
- Department of Food and Nutrition Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Institute for Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shi Yin
- Department of Geriatrics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
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14
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Tang TT, Li YY, Li JJ, Wang K, Han Y, Dong WY, Zhu ZF, Xia N, Nie SF, Zhang M, Zeng ZP, Lv BJ, Jiao J, Liu H, Xian ZS, Yang XP, Hu Y, Liao YH, Wang Q, Tu X, Mallat Z, Huang Y, Shi GP, Cheng X. Liver-heart crosstalk controls IL-22 activity in cardiac protection after myocardial infarction. Theranostics 2018; 8:4552-4562. [PMID: 30214638 PMCID: PMC6134935 DOI: 10.7150/thno.24723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-22 regulates tissue inflammation and repair. Here we report participation of the liver in IL-22-mediated cardiac repair after acute myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: We induced experimental MI in mice by ligation of the left ascending artery and evaluated the effect of IL-22 on post-MI cardiac function and ventricular remodeling. Results: Daily subcutaneous injection of 100 µg/kg mouse recombinant IL-22 for seven days attenuated adverse ventricular remodeling and improved cardiac function in mice at 28 days after left anterior descending coronary artery ligation-induced MI. Pharmacological inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3) muted these IL-22 activities. While cardiomyocyte-selective depletion of STAT3 did not affect IL-22 activities in protecting post-MI cardiac injury, hepatocyte-specific depletion of STAT3 fully muted these IL-22 cardioprotective activities. Hepatocyte-derived fibroblast growth factor (FGF21) was markedly increased in a STAT3-dependent manner following IL-22 administration and accounted for the cardioprotective benefit of IL-22. Microarray analyses revealed that FGF21 controlled the expression of cardiomyocyte genes that are involved in cholesterol homeostasis, DNA repair, peroxisome, oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, apoptosis, and steroid responses, all of which are responsible for cardiomyocyte survival. Conclusions: Supplementation of IL-22 in the first week after acute MI effectively prevented left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure. This activity of IL-22 involved crosstalk between the liver and heart after demonstrating a role of the hepatic STAT3-FGF21 axis in IL-22-induced post-MI cardiac protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jing-Jing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yue Han
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wen-Yong Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zheng-Feng Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ni Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shao-Fang Nie
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Bing-Jie Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jiao Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Generon Corporation, Building 9, 720 Cai Lun Road, Zhang Jiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zong-Shu Xian
- Generon Corporation, Building 9, 720 Cai Lun Road, Zhang Jiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiang-Ping Yang
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Targeted Biotherapy Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu-Hua Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Cardio-X Institute, College of Life Science and Technology and Center of Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xin Tu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Cardio-X Institute, College of Life Science and Technology and Center of Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ziad Mallat
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB20 SZ, UK
| | - Yu Huang
- Institute of Vascular Medicine and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
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15
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Kleinschmidt D, Giannou AD, McGee HM, Kempski J, Steglich B, Huber FJ, Ernst TM, Shiri AM, Wegscheid C, Tasika E, Hübener P, Huber P, Bedke T, Steffens N, Agalioti T, Fuchs T, Noll J, Lotter H, Tiegs G, Lohse AW, Axelrod JH, Galun E, Flavell RA, Gagliani N, Huber S. A Protective Function of IL-22BP in Ischemia Reperfusion and Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2017; 199:4078-4090. [PMID: 29109123 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute liver injury can be secondary to a variety of causes, including infections, intoxication, and ischemia. All of these insults induce hepatocyte death and subsequent inflammation, which can make acute liver injury a life-threatening event. IL-22 is a dual natured cytokine which has context-dependent protective and pathogenic properties during tissue damage. Accordingly, IL-22 was shown to promote liver regeneration upon acute liver damage. However, other studies suggest pathogenic properties of IL-22 during chronic liver injury. IL-22 binding protein (IL-22BP, IL-22Ra2) is a soluble inhibitor of IL-22 that regulates IL-22 activity. However, the significance of endogenous IL-22BP in acute liver injury is unknown. We hypothesized that IL-22BP may play a role in acute liver injury. To test this hypothesis, we used Il22bp-deficient mice and murine models of acute liver damage induced by ischemia reperfusion and N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (acetaminophen) administration. We found that Il22bp-deficient mice were more susceptible to acute liver damage in both models. We used Il22 × Il22bp double-deficient mice to show that this effect is indeed due to uncontrolled IL-22 activity. We could demonstrate mechanistically increased expression of Cxcl10 by hepatocytes, and consequently increased infiltration of inflammatory CD11b+Ly6C+ monocytes into the liver in Il22bp-deficient mice upon liver damage. Accordingly, neutralization of CXCL10 reversed the increased disease susceptibility of Il22bp-deficient mice. In conclusion, our data indicate that IL-22BP plays a protective role in acute liver damage, via controlling IL-22-induced Cxcl10 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dörte Kleinschmidt
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anastasios D Giannou
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Heather M McGee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Jan Kempski
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Babett Steglich
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Francis Jessica Huber
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Michael Ernst
- Department and Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ahmad Mustafa Shiri
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Wegscheid
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elena Tasika
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Hübener
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Huber
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Bedke
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niklas Steffens
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Theodora Agalioti
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Fuchs
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Central Laboratories, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jill Noll
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannelore Lotter
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gisa Tiegs
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ansgar W Lohse
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan H Axelrod
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Eithan Galun
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520; and
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samuel Huber
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
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16
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Liang RP, Jia JJ, Li JH, He N, Zhou YF, Jiang L, Bai T, Xie HY, Zhou L, Sun YL. Mitofusin-2 mediated mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake 1/2 induced liver injury in rat remote ischemic perconditioning liver transplantation and alpha mouse liver-12 hypoxia cell line models. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:6995-7008. [PMID: 29097872 PMCID: PMC5658317 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i38.6995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the protective mechanism of mitofusin-2 (Mfn2) in rat remote ischemic perconditioning (RIC) models and revalidate it in alpha mouse liver-12 (AML-12) hypoxia cell lines.
METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups (n = 6 each): sham, orthotopic liver transplantation and RIC. After operation, blood samples were collected to test alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. The liver lobes were harvested for histopathological examination, western blotting (WB) and quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR. AML-12 cell lines were then subjected to normal culture, anoxic incubator tank culture (hypoxia) and anoxic incubator tank culture with Mfn2 knockdown (hypoxia + Si), and data of qRT-PCR, WB, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ concentrations and mitochondrial Ca2+ concentrations were collected.
RESULTS Both sham and normal culture groups showed no injury during the experiment. The RIC group showed amelioration of liver function compared with the orthotopic liver transplantation group (P < 0.05). qRT-PCR and WB confirmed that Mfn2-mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake 1/2 (MICUs) axis was changed (P < 0.005). In AML-12 cell lines, compared with the hypoxia group, the hypoxia + Si group attenuated the collapse of ΔΨm and apoptosis (P < 0.005). The endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ decrease and mitochondrial Ca2+ overloading observed in the hypoxia group were also attenuated in the hypoxia + Si group (P < 0.005). Finally, qRT-PCR and WB confirmed the Mfn2-MICUs axis change in all the groups (P < 0.005).
CONCLUSION Mfn2 participates in liver injury in rat RIC models and AML-12 hypoxia cell lines by regulating the MICUs pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Peng Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
- Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Jun-Jun Jia
- Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian-Hui Li
- Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ning He
- Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan-Fei Zhou
- Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tao Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
- Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Hai-Yang Xie
- Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Key Lab of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu-Ling Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
- Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
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17
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Liu M, Zhang C. The Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in Immune-Mediated Liver Diseases. Front Immunol 2017; 8:695. [PMID: 28659927 PMCID: PMC5468686 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a recently identified group of innate immune cells lacking antigen-specific receptors that can mediate immune responses and regulate tissue homeostasis and inflammation. ILCs comprise group 1 ILCs, group 2 ILCs, and group 3 ILCs. These ILCs usually localize at mucosal surfaces and combat pathogens by the rapid release of certain cytokines. However, the uncontrolled activation of ILCs can also lead to damaging inflammation, especially in the gut, lung, and skin. Although the physiological and pathogenic roles of ILCs in liver diseases have been attracting increasing attention recently, there has been no systematic review regarding the roles of ILCs in immune-mediated liver diseases. Here, we review the relationships between the ILC subsets and their functions in immune-mediated liver diseases, and discuss their therapeutic potential based on current knowledge about the functional roles of these cells in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Immunopharmacology and Immunotherapy, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Immunopharmacology and Immunotherapy, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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18
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He N, Jia JJ, Li JH, Zhou YF, Lin BY, Peng YF, Chen JJ, Chen TC, Tong RL, Jiang L, Xie HY, Zhou L, Zheng SS. Remote ischemic perconditioning prevents liver transplantation-induced ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats: Role of ROS/RNS and eNOS. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:830-841. [PMID: 28223727 PMCID: PMC5296199 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i5.830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the underlying mechanisms of the protective role of remote ischemic perconditioning (RIPerC) in rat liver transplantation.
METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to sham, orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), ischemic postconditioning (IPostC) or RIPerC. After 3 h reperfusion, blood samples were taken for measurement of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine (Cr) and creatinine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB). The liver lobes were harvested for the following measurements: reactive oxygen species (ROS), H2O2, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and total nitric oxide (NO). These measurements were determined using an ROS/H2O2, JC1 and Total NOx Assay Kit, respectively. Endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting, and peroxynitrite was semi-quantified by western blotting of 3-nitrotyrosine.
RESULTS Compared with the OLT group, the grafts subjected to RIPerC showed significantly improved liver and remote organ functions (P < 0.05). ROS (P < 0.001) including H2O2 (P < 0.05) were largely elevated in the OLT group as compared with the sham group, and RIPerC (P < 0.05) reversed this trend. The collapse of ΔΨm induced by OLT ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury was significantly attenuated in the RIPerC group (P < 0.001). A marked increase of NO content and phosphoserine eNOS, both in protein and mRNA levels, was observed in liver graft of the RIPerC group as compared with the OLT group (P < 0.05). I/R-induced 3-nitrotyrosine content was significantly reduced in the RIPerC group as compared with the OLT group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the RIPerC and IPostC groups for all the results except Cr. The Cr level was lower in the RIPerC group than in the IPostC group (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION Liver graft protection by RIPerC is similar to or better than that of IPostC, and involves inhibition of oxidative stress and up-regulation of the PI3K/Akt/eNOS/NO pathway.
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