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Nguyen VH, Huang DQ, Le MH, Jin M, Lee EY, Henry L, Nerurkar SN, Ogawa E, Thin KN, Teng MLP, Goh KS, Kai JCY, Wong C, Tan DJH, Thuy LTT, Hai H, Enomoto M, Cheung R, Nguyen MH. Global treatment rate and barriers to direct-acting antiviral therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 146 studies and 1 760 352 hepatitis C virus patients. Liver Int 2023; 43:1195-1203. [PMID: 36825358 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Global data on the treatment rate with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) are sparse. We aimed to evaluate the CHC treatment rate and barriers to treatment in the DAA era. METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane from inception to 5 August 2021, for relevant articles. Patients treated with DAAs without interferon (IFN) therapy were categorized as IFN-free DAAs. Patients receiving DAA with IFN or unclear IFN status were categorized as DAA/IFN. RESULTS We identified and analysed data from 146 studies (1 760 352 CHC patients). DAA/IFN treatment rate was 16.0% (95% CI: 9.9-23.3, 49 studies, 886 535 patients). IFN-free DAA treatment rate was 52.3% (95% CI: 46.2-58.4, 123 studies, 1 276 754 patients): 45.4% in North America, 64.2% in South America (1 study), 90.4% in Africa (most data from Egypt), 54.4% in Europe, 60.7% in Australia and 60.5% in Asia, (p < .0001); 49% with hepatitis B co-infection and 32.3% with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Treatment was not a priority in 22.8% of patients in Europe and 16.7% in Australia, compared to only 4.8% in North America and 2.1% in Asia (p < .0001). Poor adherence to clinical follow-up was the cause of no treatment in 74.7% of patients in Australia, 37.0% in North America, 7.9% in Europe and 14.3% in Asia (p < .0001). CONCLUSION Though a marked improvement from IFN/DAA, the treatment rate with IFN-free DAA remains suboptimal (52.3% overall, 32.3% in HCC patients). Non-adherence to clinical follow-up and lack of disease awareness were treatment barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vy H Nguyen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel Q Huang
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael H Le
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA.,Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Michelle Jin
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Eunice Y Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Linda Henry
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Sanjna N Nerurkar
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eiichi Ogawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Khin N Thin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Margaret L P Teng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kang S Goh
- Department of Internal Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Justin C Y Kai
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Connie Wong
- Lane Medical Library, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Darren J H Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Le T T Thuy
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hoang Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaru Enomoto
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ramsey Cheung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Mindie H Nguyen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
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Dong MP, Thuy LTT, Hoang DV, Hai H, Hoang TH, Sato-Matsubara M, Hieu VN, Daikoku A, Hanh NV, Urushima H, Dat NQ, Uchida-Kobayashi S, Enomoto M, Ohtani N, Tamori A, Kawada N. Soluble Immune Checkpoint Protein CD27 Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development in Hepatitis C Virus-Sustained Virological Response Patients. Am J Pathol 2022; 192:1379-1396. [PMID: 35963463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Factors affecting the probability of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development even after sustained virological response (SVR) following anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapy remain unelucidated. This study characterized the role of 16 soluble (s) immune checkpoint proteins in 168 HCV-SVR patients, with 47 developing HCC at the study end point. At baseline, high concentrations of 10 immune checkpoint proteins were found in the sera of the HCC group. At the study end point, levels of sCD27, sCD28, sCD40, and sCD86 in the HCC group, which were depleted following SVR, returned to higher levels than those in the non-HCC group. More importantly, patients with baseline levels of sCD27 ≥ 4104 pg/mL, sCD28 ≥ 1530 pg/mL, and sCD40 ≥ 688 pg/mL predicted a significantly greater HCC cumulative rate. Although sCD27 was elevated in patient sera, its membrane-bound form, mCD27, accumulated in the tumor and peritumor area, mainly localized in T cells. Interestingly, T-cell activation time dependently induced sCD27. Furthermore, CD70, the ligand of CD27, was robustly expressed in HCC area in which CD70 promoter methylation analysis indicated the hypomethylation compared with the nontumor pairs. Recombinant human CD27 treatment induced the proliferation of CD70-bearing HepG2 cells via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway, but not NF-κB or p38 pathway. In conclusion, these data indicate that baseline sCD27, sCD28, and sCD40 levels could be used as HCC prognostic markers in HCV-SVR patients. sCD27 likely promotes HepG2 cell growth via the CD27-CD70 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Phuong Dong
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Le Thi Thanh Thuy
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Dinh Viet Hoang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Truong Huu Hoang
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Pain Medicine and Palliative Care, Cancer Institute, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Misako Sato-Matsubara
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Vu Ngoc Hieu
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsuko Daikoku
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ngo Vinh Hanh
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hayato Urushima
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ninh Quoc Dat
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Sawako Uchida-Kobayashi
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaru Enomoto
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoko Ohtani
- Department of Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tamori
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan.
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Huu Hoang T, Sato-Matsubara M, Yuasa H, Matsubara T, Thuy LTT, Ikenaga H, Phuong DM, Hanh NV, Hieu VN, Hoang DV, Hai H, Okina Y, Enomoto M, Tamori A, Daikoku A, Urushima H, Ikeda K, Dat NQ, Yasui Y, Shinkawa H, Kubo S, Yamagishi R, Ohtani N, Yoshizato K, Gracia-Sancho J, Kawada N. Cancer cells produce liver metastasis via gap formation in sinusoidal endothelial cells through proinflammatory paracrine mechanisms. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabo5525. [PMID: 36170363 PMCID: PMC9519040 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo5525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular gap (iGap) formation in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) is caused by the destruction of fenestrae and appears under pathological conditions; nevertheless, their role in metastasis of cancer cells to the liver remained unexplored. We elucidated that hepatotoxin-damaged and fibrotic livers gave rise to LSECs-iGap formation, which was positively correlated with increased numbers of metastatic liver foci after intrasplenic injection of Hepa1-6 cells. Hepa1-6 cells induced interleukin-23-dependent tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) secretion by LSECs and triggered LSECs-iGap formation, toward which their processes protruded to transmigrate into the liver parenchyma. TNF-α triggered depolymerization of F-actin and induced matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), intracellular adhesion molecule 1, and CXCL expression in LSECs. Blocking MMP9 activity by doxycycline or an MMP2/9 inhibitor eliminated LSECs-iGap formation and attenuated liver metastasis of Hepa1-6 cells. Overall, this study revealed that cancer cells induced LSEC-iGap formation via proinflammatory paracrine mechanisms and proposed MMP9 as a favorable target for blocking cancer cell metastasis to the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truong Huu Hoang
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Pain Medicine and Palliative Care, Cancer Institute, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Misako Sato-Matsubara
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Endowed Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideto Yuasa
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Matsubara
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Le Thi Thanh Thuy
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroko Ikenaga
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Dong Minh Phuong
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ngo Vinh Hanh
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Vu Ngoc Hieu
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Dinh Viet Hoang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Okina
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaru Enomoto
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tamori
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsuko Daikoku
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hayato Urushima
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuo Ikeda
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ninh Quoc Dat
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroji Shinkawa
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shoji Kubo
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryota Yamagishi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoko Ohtani
- Department of Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Yoshizato
- Endowed Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- BioIntegrence Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Jordi Gracia-Sancho
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, IDIBAPS Biomedical Research Institute, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
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Dung LP, Hai PT, Hoa LM, Mai TNP, Hanh NTM, Than PD, Tran VD, Quyet NT, Hai H, Ngoc DB, Thu NT, Mai LTP. A case-control study of agricultural and behavioral factors associated with leptospirosis in Vietnam. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:583. [PMID: 35768761 PMCID: PMC9245206 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07561-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Leptospirosis is a neglected disease in Vietnam. Until now, there has been limited knowledge about risk factors of this disease in Vietnam. The study was carried out to identify agricultural and behavioral factors associated with the transmission of leptospirosis in Vietnam. Methods This matched retrospective hospital-community-based case–control study was conducted from 1 October 2018 to 31 October 2019. We recruited cases from 11 selected government hospitals in three provinces of Vietnam, while controls were selected from the same communes of cases and matched by age (± 2 years) and sex. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were applied to determine confirmed cases, while only MAT was used to identify controls with a single high MAT titer < 1:100. Results 504 participants (252 cases and 252 controls) were identified. Cultivating (OR 2.83, CI 1.38–5.79), animal farming (OR 8.26, CI 2.24–30.52), pig owners (OR 10.48, CI 5.05–21.73), cat owners (OR 2.62, CI 1.49–4.61) and drinking unboiled water (OR 1.72, CI 1.14 –2.59, p = 0.010) were significantly associated with human leptospirosis in Vietnam. Hand washing after farming/ gardening (OR 0.57, CI 0.38–0.86, p = 0.007) and bathing after farming, gardening, contact with cattle and poultry (OR 0.33, CI 0.19–0.58, p = 0.000) were determined as protective factors for this disease. Conclusions In short, the case–control study has revealed the risks in agricultural and animal practices and protective behavioral factors related to human leptospirosis in Vietnam. The findings suggested promotion of communication and health education programs targeting health behaviors in daily life and agricultural practices. Using personal protective equipment such as gowns, gloves, and boots during agricultural practices, especially cultivating and animal farming, is most recommended. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-022-07561-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luu Phuong Dung
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Thanh Hai
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Luong Minh Hoa
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Ngoc Phuong Mai
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi My Hanh
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phan Dang Than
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Dinh Tran
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Tu Quyet
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Hai
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Do Bich Ngoc
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thị Thu
- Hanoi Population and Family Planning Branch, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Phuong Mai
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Hai H, Li H, Deng B. AB0110 TRANSCRIPTOMICS-BASED INVESTIGATION OF THE MECHANISM OF ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS WITH UVEITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundSpondyloarthritis is a large group of autoimmune diseases that are associated with HLA-B27. Among them, Ankylosing spondylitis is a typical representative of these diseases. In addition to spine and joint involvement, AS has many extra-articular manifestations, among which uveitis is one of the most common extra-articular manifestations of AS.[1]Untreated or inappropriate treatment can lead to serious consequences such as blindness. However, there are few studies on the mechanisms of AS-related uveitis, and the pathogenesis of AS-related uveitis is not fully understood, so there is no way to prevent it.ObjectivesWe performed a whole-blood gene expression profiling and then analyzed gene expression differences between AS-associated uveitis patients and normal controls by bioinformatics methods. Protein–protein interaction network was constructed to predict the relationship among the products of the differentially expression genes (DEGs). Furthermore, module mining and function annotation were applied to assess the interaction network of DEGs.The aim is to find predictive biomarkers for AS-associated uveitis, to further discuss the pathogenesis of AS-associated uveitis in depth, and to provide a reference for clinical precision treatment.MethodsThis microarray-based discovery study used samples from three patients with AS,classified according to the New York criteria,four patients with AS-associated uveitis, and three gender- and age-matched controls. Total RNA was extracted from whole blood samples and enriched for mRNA after DNA digestion using DNase, and then constructed cDNA libraries were quality-checked with an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer and sequenced using an Illumina HiSeq TM 2500 sequencer.The data were normalized and initially screened for differential genes using the DESeq R package in R 4.1.0 Prediction of relationships between products of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using String database prediction and construction of protein-protein interaction networks in Cytoscape. GO with KEGG analysis of differential genes using ClueGO and CluePedia. Screening for hub genes associated with AS-associated uveitis using cytoHubba.ResultsWe initially screened 14607 differential genes, from which 112 significantly differential genes with p-values<0.05 and |log2FC|>2 were selected. Among them, 82 were up-regulated genes and 30 were down-regulated genes. Sixty-six relationships between 49 nodes were shown in the PPI network interactions graph constructed from the String database results.The results of GO analysis showed that most genes were involved in biological processes related to immune response, such as positive regulation of inflammatory response, integrated stress response signaling and toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway. The molecular functions were mainly focused on chemokine receptor binding. the results of KEGG analysis showed that the gene products were mainly involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, IL-17 signaling pathway. The target genes screened included CXCL8 CXCL2 NFKBIZ NFKBIA IL11 IL1A,all of which have adequate immune response effects(Figure 1)Figure 1.Using the EPC algorithm in cytoHubba to screen hub genes, the graph shows the top 10 scoring genes, with different colors representing higher scores.ConclusionWe have identified a series of genes associated with immunity in this study.These DEGs may provide a basis for insight into the pathogenesis of AS-associated uveitis. Further experimental studies are needed to confirm our hypothesis.References[1]Wenker K. J. & Quint J. M. (2021). Ankylosing Spondylitis. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing*Corresponding authorJing Zhu1* Bo Gong2*1Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Chengdu China2Department of Health Management,Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences&Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu ChinaDisclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Mai LTP, Tran VD, Phuong HVM, Trang UTH, Thanh LT, Son NV, Cuong VD, Dung LP, Hanh NTM, Hai H, Oanh DTK, Thuy NT. Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 presence on environmental surfaces and waste in healthcare and non-healthcare facilities. Environ Chall (Amst) 2022; 7:100526. [PMID: 37519307 PMCID: PMC9026952 DOI: 10.1016/j.envc.2022.100526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective The objective of the paper is to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 on inanimate surfaces in four healthcare facilities treating patients with COVID-19 and four quarantine regiments of provincial military commands. Methods From August to October 2020, a total of 468 one-off environmental samples consisting of inanimate surfaces, garbage, and wastewater were collected. The real-time RT-PCR assay targeting E and RdRp genes to detect SARS-CoV-2 and checklist and questionnaire of disinfection practices were employed. If detected by RT-PCR, then positive samples are subjected to cell culture to determine viability. Results The test results showed all samples (100%) to be negative with SARS-CoV-2 resulting in unperformed virus culture. As for recent disinfection practices, chlorine-based products dissolved at a concentration of 0.1% (1000 ppm) in the general context or 0.5% (5000 ppm) for blood and body fluid spills are routinely applied twice a day and at the discharge of patients or quarantined people. Conclusions The finding may illustrate the importance of disinfection practices in removing pathogens or significantly reducing SARS-CoV-2 contamination on environmental surfaces and waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Thi Phuong Mai
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin St., Hai Ba Trung Dist, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Dinh Tran
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin St., Hai Ba Trung Dist, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Vu Mai Phuong
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin St., Hai Ba Trung Dist, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ung Thi Hong Trang
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin St., Hai Ba Trung Dist, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Thanh
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin St., Hai Ba Trung Dist, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Vu Son
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin St., Hai Ba Trung Dist, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Vuong Duc Cuong
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin St., Hai Ba Trung Dist, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Luu Phuong Dung
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin St., Hai Ba Trung Dist, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi My Hanh
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin St., Hai Ba Trung Dist, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Hai
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin St., Hai Ba Trung Dist, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dang Thi Kieu Oanh
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin St., Hai Ba Trung Dist, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thanh Thuy
- Department of Public Health, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin St., Hai Ba Trung Dist, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Nonomura A, Tamori A, Hai H, Kozuka R, Fujii H, Uchida-Kobayashi S, Enomoto M, Kawada N. Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir Plus Ribavirin Combination Therapy for Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1a, 2a, or 3b after Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir Therapy Failed. Intern Med 2021; 60:3441-3445. [PMID: 34024853 PMCID: PMC8627798 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.7028-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) is a pan-genotype anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapy with high efficacy and safety. However, evidence supporting retreatment following failure of the GLE/PIB regimen is limited. We herein report 3 non-cirrhotic cases involving two men aged 51 and 58 years old and a woman aged 68 years old infected with HCV genotype 1a, 2a, and 3b respectively who failed anti-HCV therapies including GLE/PIB therapy. With combination therapy of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir plus ribavirin (SOF/VEL+RBV) for 24 weeks, all 3 patients had achieved a sustained viral response (SVR) at 24 weeks after completing treatment. SOF/VEL+RBV therapy was effective for retreatment of HCV after failure of GLE/PIB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayami Nonomura
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tamori
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
| | - Hoang Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
| | - Ritsuzo Kozuka
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
| | - Hideki Fujii
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
| | | | - Masaru Enomoto
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Japan
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Anh N, Minh N, Duy T, Hanh T, Hai H. Reliability-Security Analysis for Harvest-to-Jam based Multi-hop Cluster MIMO Networks Using Cooperative Jamming Methods Under Impact of Hardware Impairments. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Industrial Networks and Intelligent Systems 2021. [DOI: 10.4108/eai.17-9-2021.170963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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9
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Mai LTP, Dung LP, Than PD, Dinh TV, Quyet NT, Hai H, Mai TNP, Hanh NTM, Ly NK. Leptospira infection among human-close-contact animals in different geographical areas in Vietnam. Sci Prog 2021; 104:368504211031747. [PMID: 34261382 PMCID: PMC10450701 DOI: 10.1177/00368504211031747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a neglected disease in Vietnam. Only a few studies have evaluated the status of Leptospira infection in both humans and animals. To our knowledge, this is the first serological survey of Leptospira in both domestic and wild animals, which may act as reservoirs of this agent. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of Leptospira in animals that are in close contact with humans in different geographical areas in Vietnam. Sera were collected from 1205 individual animals of six species, including buffaloes, cattle, cats, dogs, swine, and rats. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) against 25 serovars of Leptospira spp. has been employed to detect serovars of Leptospira among the studied population. Overall, 44.2% of buffaloes, 24.9% of cattle, 10.2% of swine, 32.9% of dogs, 12.2% of cats, and 16% of rats were seropositive. A total of 17 different serovars were detected, of which serovars Hebdomadis and Canicola circulated in all the studied animal species. Variability of the predominant serovars circulating in animal species and in different geographical areas of Vietnam has been noted. We conclude that this study showed a high prevalence of Leptospira circulating in animals that are in close contact with humans, raising an alert of the important sources of pathogenic leptospires transmission to humans in Vietnam. These findings prove an imperative need for effective measures for disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luu Phuong Dung
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Phan Dang Than
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Tran Van Dinh
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Tu Quyet
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Hoang Hai
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
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10
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Dat NQ, Thuy LTT, Hieu VN, Hai H, Hoang DV, Thi Thanh Hai N, Thuy TTV, Komiya T, Rombouts K, Dong MP, Hanh NV, Hoang TH, Sato‐Matsubara M, Daikoku A, Kadono C, Oikawa D, Yoshizato K, Tokunaga F, Pinzani M, Kawada N. Hexa Histidine-Tagged Recombinant Human Cytoglobin Deactivates Hepatic Stellate Cells and Inhibits Liver Fibrosis by Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species. Hepatology 2021; 73:2527-2545. [PMID: 33576020 PMCID: PMC8251927 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Antifibrotic therapy remains an unmet medical need in human chronic liver disease. We report the antifibrotic properties of cytoglobin (CYGB), a respiratory protein expressed in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the main cell type involved in liver fibrosis. APPROACH AND RESULTS Cygb-deficient mice that had bile duct ligation-induced liver cholestasis or choline-deficient amino acid-defined diet-induced steatohepatitis significantly exacerbated liver damage, fibrosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. All of these manifestations were attenuated in Cygb-overexpressing mice. We produced hexa histidine-tagged recombinant human CYGB (His-CYGB), traced its biodistribution, and assessed its function in HSCs or in mice with advanced liver cirrhosis using thioacetamide (TAA) or 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC). In cultured HSCs, extracellular His-CYGB was endocytosed and accumulated in endosomes through a clathrin-mediated pathway. His-CYGB significantly impeded ROS formation spontaneously or in the presence of ROS inducers in HSCs, thus leading to the attenuation of collagen type 1 alpha 1 production and α-smooth muscle actin expression. Replacement the iron center of the heme group with cobalt nullified the effect of His-CYGB. In addition, His-CYGB induced interferon-β secretion by HSCs that partly contributed to its antifibrotic function. Momelotinib incompletely reversed the effect of His-CYGB. Intravenously injected His-CYGB markedly suppressed liver inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative cell damage in mice administered TAA or DDC mice without adverse effects. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed the down-regulation of inflammation- and fibrosis-related genes and the up-regulation of antioxidant genes in both cell culture and liver tissues. The injected His-CYGB predominantly localized to HSCs but not to macrophages, suggesting specific targeting effects. His-CYGB exhibited no toxicity in chimeric mice with humanized livers. CONCLUSIONS His-CYGB could have antifibrotic clinical applications for human chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninh Quoc Dat
- Department of HepatologyGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan,Department of PediatricsHanoi Medical UniversityHanoiVietnam
| | - Le Thi Thanh Thuy
- Department of HepatologyGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Vu Ngoc Hieu
- Department of HepatologyGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Hoang Hai
- Department of HepatologyGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Dinh Viet Hoang
- Department of HepatologyGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
| | | | - Tuong Thi Van Thuy
- Biological Resources Vinmec Tissue BankVinmec Healthcare SystemHanoiVietnam
| | - Tohru Komiya
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Krista Rombouts
- Regenerative Medicine and Fibrosis GroupInstitute for Liver and Digestive HealthUniversity College LondonRoyal Free HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Minh Phuong Dong
- Department of HepatologyGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Ngo Vinh Hanh
- Department of HepatologyGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Truong Huu Hoang
- Department of HepatologyGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
| | | | - Atsuko Daikoku
- Department of HepatologyGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Chiho Kadono
- Department of HepatologyGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Daisuke Oikawa
- Department of PathobiochemistryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Katsutoshi Yoshizato
- Academic Advisor’s OfficePhoenixBio Co., Ltd.HiroshimaJapan,Endowed Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Fuminori Tokunaga
- Department of PathobiochemistryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Massimo Pinzani
- Regenerative Medicine and Fibrosis GroupInstitute for Liver and Digestive HealthUniversity College LondonRoyal Free HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of HepatologyGraduate School of MedicineOsaka City UniversityOsakaJapan,Regenerative Medicine and Fibrosis GroupInstitute for Liver and Digestive HealthUniversity College LondonRoyal Free HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
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11
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Tran VD, Phuong Mai LT, Thu NT, Linh BK, Than PD, Quyet NT, Dung LP, Ngoc Phuong Mai T, My Hanh NT, Hai H, Duong TN, Anh DD. Seroprevalence and serovar distribution of Leptospirosis among healthy people in Vietnam: Results from a multi-center study. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2021.100700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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12
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Yamamoto Y, Makiyama T, Wuriyanghai Y, Kohjitani H, Gao J, Kashiwa A, Hai H, Aizawa T, Imamura T, Ishikawa T, Yoshida Y, Ohno S, Horie M, Makita N, Kimura T. Preclinical proof-of-concept study: antisense-mediated knockdown of CALM as a therapeutic strategy for calmodulinopathy. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Calmodulin (CaM) is a ubiquitous Ca2+ sensor molecule encoded by three distinct calmodulin genes, CALM1–3, and has an important role for cardiac ion channel function. Recently, heterozygous missense mutations in CALM genes were reported to cause a new category of life-threatening genetic arrhythmias such as long-QT syndrome (LQTS) and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT), which is called as “calmodulinopathy”. The patients with calmodulinopathy show poor prognosis and there is no effective treatment for them.
Purpose
Considering the dominant-negative effect of mutant calmodulin proteins produced by heterozygous missense mutations in CALMs, we aimed to prove the concept of antisense-based therapy to treat calmodulinopathy using human iPS cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) model.
Methods
We designed multiple locked nucleic acid (LNA) gapmer-antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) targeting CALM2 and analyzed the silencing efficiency and toxicity in cultured cells to select the most potent ASO. Using CMs differentiated from hiPSCs which were generated form a 12-year-old boy with LQTS carrying a heterozygous CALM2-N98S mutation, CALM2 expression and action potentials (APs) were analyzed to evaluate the efficacy of ASOs.
Results
We identified several ASOs which reduced CALM2 expression without affecting cell viability in human cultured cells (HepG2) (ASO 50 nM, n=2; Figure 1A). Considering further experiments in vivo mouse model, we investigated the CALM2 silencing activity in mouse cultured cells (3T3-L1) without transfection (free-uptake) (ASO 1 μM, n=2; †ASOs have homologous sequence between human and mouse; Figure B). After free-uptake CALM2 silencing analysis in 3T3-L1 cells, we identified that ASO #2 has the most potent CALM2 silencing activity and low cytotoxicity (Figure 1B). ASO #2 effectively reduced CALM2 expression even in hiPSC-CMs (ASO(−): n=3, lipofection: n=4, free-uptake: n=3; P<0.05; Figure 1C). In action potential recordings, we demonstrated that ASO #2 ameliorated prolonged AP durations (APD90) in N98S-hiPSC-CMs at 0.5 Hz pacing (ASO(−): 666±123 ms (n=7), lipofection: 329±21 ms (n=8), free-uptake: 388±34 ms (n=12); P<0.05; Figure 1D).
Conclusion
Our results using patient-derived hiPSC-CM model suggest that ASO-based therapy might be a promising strategy for the treatment of calmodulinopathy.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Nissan Chemical Corporation
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yamamoto
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Makiyama
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Wuriyanghai
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Kohjitani
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - J Gao
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Kashiwa
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Hai
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Aizawa
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Imamura
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Ishikawa
- National Cerebral & Cardiovascular Center, Omics Research Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Kyoto University, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Ohno
- National Cerebral & Cardiovascular Center, Department of Bioscience and Genetics, Suita, Japan
| | - M Horie
- Shiga University of Medical Science, Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Otsu, Japan
| | - N Makita
- National Cerebral & Cardiovascular Center, Omics Research Center, Suita, Japan
| | - T Kimura
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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13
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Tseng CH, Hsu YC, Chen TH, Ji F, Chen IS, Tsai YN, Hai H, Thuy LTT, Hosaka T, Sezaki H, Borghi JA, Cheung R, Enomoto M, Nguyen MH. Hepatocellular carcinoma incidence with tenofovir versus entecavir in chronic hepatitis B: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 5:1039-1052. [PMID: 33007228 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(20)30249-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear whether tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and entecavir differ in their association with risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B, and previous meta-analyses have shown conflicting conclusions with substantial heterogeneity. We aimed to analyse the updated data and elucidate the source of heterogeneity. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane library for relevant studies with time-to-event data for incident hepatocellular carcinoma occurring in patients with chronic hepatitis B who received tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or entecavir monotherapy with follow-up of at least 1 year. Studies published between Jan 1, 2006, and April 17, 2020, and abstracts from international conferences in 2018 and 2019 were included. We pooled covariate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for hepatocellular carcinoma using a random-effects model, assessed heterogeneity among included studies using the I2 statistic and Cochran's Q test, and identified the source of heterogeneity using prespecified subgroup analyses. This study is registered with PROSPERO, ID CRD42020176513. FINDINGS 31 studies involving 119 053 patients were analysed. The 5-year cumulative incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma was 5·97% (95% CI 5·81-6·13, 28 studies) for entecavir and 3·06% (2·86-3·26, 13 studies) for tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in studies with unmatched populations (p<0·0001). For all eight studies matched by propensity score, the 5-year cumulative incidence was 3·44% (95% CI 3·08-3·80) for entecavir and 3·39% (2·94-3·83) for tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (p=0·87). Analysis of 14 comparative studies with covariate adjustment found that tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and entecavir had similar risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (primary outcome); adjusted HR 0·88, 95% CI 0·73-1·07; p=0·20), although heterogeneity was significant (I2=56·4%, p=0·0038). In a subgroup analysis for hospital-based clinical cohorts, there was no difference in hepatocellular carcinoma incidence between the two regimens (adjusted HR 1·03, 95% CI 0·88-1·21; I2=0%). However, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate was associated with a lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma compared with entecavir in administrative database research (adjusted HR 0·67, 0·59-0·76; I2=0%). INTERPRETATION Our study found no significant difference between tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and entecavir in their association with incident hepatocellular carcinoma. We suggest that treatment should be guided by patient tolerability and affordability rather than whether one drug is more effective than the other. FUNDING Supported in part by E-DA Hospital (EDAHP 106008; EDAHP 103046).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hao Tseng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chun Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Haw Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fanpu Ji
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - I-Sung Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Nan Tsai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hoang Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Le Thi Thanh Thuy
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hosaka
- Department of Hepatology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Sezaki
- Department of Hepatology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - John A Borghi
- Lane Medical Library and Knowledge Management Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ramsey Cheung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Masaru Enomoto
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mindie H Nguyen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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14
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Odagiri N, Hai H, Thuy LTT, Dong MP, Suoh M, Kotani K, Hagihara A, Uchida-Kobayashi S, Tamori A, Enomoto M, Kawada N. Early Change in the Plasma Levels of Circulating Soluble Immune Checkpoint Proteins in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated by Lenvatinib or Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082045. [PMID: 32722224 PMCID: PMC7464181 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, combined with anti-angiogenic agents or locoregional treatments (e.g., transarterial chemoembolization (TACE)), are expected to become standard-of-care for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We measured the plasma levels of 16 soluble checkpoint proteins using multiplexed fluorescent bead-based immunoassays in patients with HCC who underwent lenvatinib (n = 24) or TACE (n = 22) treatment. In lenvatinib-treated patients, plasma levels of sCD27 (soluble cluster of differentiation 27) decreased (p = 0.040) and levels of sCD40 (p = 0.014) and sTIM-3 (p < 0.001) were increased at Week 1, while levels of sCD27 (p < 0.001) were increased significantly at Weeks 2 through 4. At Week 1 of TACE, in addition to sCD27 (p = 0.028), sCD40 (p < 0.001), and sTIM-3 (soluble T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3) (p < 0.001), levels of sHVEM (soluble herpesvirus entry mediator) (p = 0.003), sTLR-2 (soluble Toll-like receptor 2) (p = 0.009), sCD80 (p = 0.036), sCTLA-4 (soluble cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4) (p = 0.005), sGITR (soluble glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor) (p = 0.030), sGITRL (soluble glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related ligand) (p = 0.090), and sPD-L1 (soluble programmed death-ligand 1) (p = 0.070) also increased. The fold-changes in soluble checkpoint receptors and their ligands, including sCTLA-4 with sCD80/sCD86 and sPD-1 (soluble programmed cell death domain-1) with sPD-L1 were positively correlated in both the lenvatinib and TACE treatment groups. Our results suggest that there are some limited differences in immunomodulatory effects between anti-angiogenic agents and TACE. Further studies from multicenters may help to identify an effective combination therapy.
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15
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Thuy LTT, Hai H, Kawada N. Role of cytoglobin, a novel radical scavenger, in stellate cell activation and hepatic fibrosis. Clin Mol Hepatol 2020; 26:280-293. [PMID: 32492766 PMCID: PMC7364355 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2020.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoglobin (Cygb), a stellate cell-specific globin, has recently drawn attention due to its association with liver fibrosis. In the livers of both humans and rodents, Cygb is expressed only in stellate cells and can be utilized as a marker to distinguish stellate cells from hepatic fibroblast-derived myofibroblasts. Loss of Cygb accelerates liver fibrosis and cancer development in mouse models of chronic liver injury including diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma, bile duct ligation-induced cholestasis, thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis, and choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. This review focuses on the history of research into the role of reactive oxygen species and nitrogen species in liver fibrosis and discusses the current perception of Cygb as a novel radical scavenger with an emphasis on its role in hepatic stellate cell activation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Thi Thanh Thuy
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hoang Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
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16
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Dong MP, Enomoto M, Thuy LTT, Hai H, Hieu VN, Hoang DV, Iida-Ueno A, Odagiri N, Amano-Teranishi Y, Hagihara A, Fujii H, Uchida-Kobayashi S, Tamori A, Kawada N. Clinical significance of circulating soluble immune checkpoint proteins in sorafenib-treated patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3392. [PMID: 32099055 PMCID: PMC7042216 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60440-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the clinical significance of soluble immune checkpoint protein levels as predictors of patient outcomes or therapeutic responses has yet to be defined. This study profiled the baseline levels of sixteen soluble checkpoint proteins and their changes following sorafenib treatment for HCC. Plasma samples were obtained from 53 patients with advanced HCC at baseline, week 1, 2 and 4 of sorafenib treatment and tested the concentrations of 16 soluble checkpoint proteins using multiplexed fluorescent bead-based immunoassays. Multivariate analysis showed high sBTLA levels at baseline were an independent predictor of poor overall survival (p = 0.038). BTLA was highly expressed in T cells and macrophages in peritumoral areas. At week 2, sCD27 levels were decreased compared to baseline. By contrast, the concentrations of most inhibitory proteins, including sBTLA, sLAG-3, sCTLA-4, sPD-1, sCD80, sCD86 and sPD-L1, had significantly increased. The fold-changes of soluble checkpoint receptors and their ligands, including sCTLA-4 with sCD80/sCD86, sPD-1 with sPD-L1; and the fold-changes of sCTLA-4 with sBTLA or sPD-1 were positively correlated. sBTLA may be a good biomarker for predicting overall survival in HCC patients. Sorafenib treatment in patients with advanced HCC revealed dynamic changes of soluble checkpoint protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Phuong Dong
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaru Enomoto
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Le Thi Thanh Thuy
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hoang Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Vu Ngoc Hieu
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Dinh Viet Hoang
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayako Iida-Ueno
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoshi Odagiri
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Hagihara
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Fujii
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Akihiro Tamori
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
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17
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Tamori A, Inoue K, Kagawa T, Takaguchi K, Nouso K, Iwasaki Y, Minami M, Hai H, Enomoto M, Kawada N. Intention-to-treat assessment of glecaprevir + pibrentasvir combination therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C in the real world. Hepatol Res 2019; 49:1365-1373. [PMID: 31323165 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We assessed the problems and efficacy of glecaprevir + pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) therapy for patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the real world. METHOD A total of 423 patients infected with HCV who started treatment at eight different centers in Japan were enrolled in the study. Glecaprevir (300 mg) and pibrentasvir (120 mg) were given once daily for 8 weeks to 246 non-cirrhotic direct-acting antiviral (DAA)-naive patients with HCV genotype (GT)-1 or -2, and for 12 weeks to patients who: were DAA-naive cirrhotic (n = 55), had experienced DAA failure (n = 78), were cirrhotic and had DAA failure (n = 37), and were other GT-1/2 (n = 7). Anti-HCV efficacy was defined as a sustained virologic response 12 weeks post-treatment (SVR12). The evaluation was undertaken in an intention-to-treat (ITT) population and in patients who were assessed at SVR12 (modified ITT population). RESULTS In the ITT population, 220 (89%) patients on the 8-week regimen and 164 (93%) patients on the 12-week regimen achieved SVR12. The 30 dropout patients were predominantly men and with GT-2. All other DAA-naive GT-1 patients achieved SVR12. The 12-week regimen resulted in 100% SVR12 in 41 GT-2 patients. Nine patients did not achieve SVR12: two DAA naive with GT-2a, two GT-3b patients, two GT-1 patients with discontinuation, and three other GT-1 patients with a history of DAA failure. Four of seven patients who discontinued treatment due to severe adverse effects were more than 75 years old. CONCLUSIONS Glecaprevir + pibrentasvir had a remarkable anti-HCV effect in GT-1 and GT-2 patients, but not in GT-3b patients. Although this therapy was reasonably safe, it is necessary to carefully consider elderly and dropout patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Tamori
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Inoue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Showa University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tatehiro Kagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokai University, Isehara, Japan
| | - Koichi Takaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nouso
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City General Medical Center, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Iwasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Hoang Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaru Enomoto
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Tamori A, Hai H, Uchida-Kobayashi S, Enomoto M, Kozuka R, Motoyama H, Kawamura E, Hagihara A, Teranishi Y, Yoshida K, Morikawa H, Murakami Y, Kawada N. Outcomes for Cirrhotic Patients with Hepatitis C Virus 1b Treated with Asunaprevir and Daclatasvir Combination. Ann Hepatol 2018; 16:734-741. [PMID: 28809743 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.2732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy and safety of asunaprevir + daclatasvir combination therapy for treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in compensated cirrhotic patients was not fully evaluated in real-world. Outcomes were assessed in cirrhotic patients with sustained viral response (SVR). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 145 patients without resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) at L31 and Y93 in the nonstructural protein 5A of HCV genotype 1b, consisting of 49 hepatic cirrhotic and 96 non-cirrhotic patients, were enrolled to the therapy. The patients were treated with 100 mg asunaprevir twice daily plus 60 mg daclatasvir once daily for 24 weeks. The primary endpoint was SVR 24 weeks after completing treatment. In addition, we evaluated the improvement of liver function and development of HCC for 1 year from the end of treatment (EOT). RESULTS The SVR24 rate was 96% (47/49) in the cirrhotic group and 96% (91/95) in the non-cirrhotic group (p = 0.69). During treatment, grade III/IV adverse events occurred more frequently in cirrhotic patients (10/49; 20.4%) than in non-cirrhotic patients (10/96; 10.4%) (p = 0.099). After EOT, alanine aminotransferase and AFP levels were significantly decreased in cirrhotic patients with SVR. In addition, serum levels of albumin and platelet counts were significantly increased. On the other hand, the rates of HCC recurrence (43%) and development (7.4%) were higher in cirrhotic patients than in the non-cirrhotic patients (12.5% and 1.1%, respectively). CONCLUSION RAS-oriented asunaprevir/daclatasvir therapy has a strong anti-HCV effect in patients with HCV genotype 1b. However, careful management is necessary in patients with cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Tamori
- Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Department of Hepatology
| | - Hoang Hai
- Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Department of Hepatology
| | | | - Masaru Enomoto
- Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Department of Hepatology
| | - Ritsuzo Kozuka
- Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Department of Hepatology
| | - Hiroyuki Motoyama
- Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Department of Hepatology
| | - Etsushi Kawamura
- Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Department of Hepatology
| | - Atsushi Hagihara
- Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Department of Hepatology
| | - Yuga Teranishi
- Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Department of Hepatology
| | - Kanako Yoshida
- Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Department of Hepatology
| | - Hiroyasu Morikawa
- Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Department of Hepatology
| | - Yoshiki Murakami
- Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Department of Hepatology
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Department of Hepatology
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Kozuka R, Hai H, Motoyama H, Hagihara A, Fujii H, Uchida-Kobayashi S, Morikawa H, Enomoto M, Murakami Y, Kawada N, Tamori A. The presence of multiple NS5A RASs is associated with the outcome of sofosbuvir and ledipasvir therapy in NS5A inhibitor-naïve patients with chronic HCV genotype 1b infection in a real-world cohort. J Viral Hepat 2018; 25:535-542. [PMID: 29274188 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is unclear whether multiple nonstructural (NS) 5A resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) correlate with the outcome of sofosbuvir (SOF) and ledipasvir (LDV) therapy. We investigated the effects of multiple NS5A RASs in NS5A inhibitor-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1b infection treated with SOF/LDV. In 313 patients treated with SOF/LDV, we assessed the effects of multiple NS5A RASs on the sustained virological response (SVR). RASs at L28, R30, L31, Q54, P58, Q62, A92, and Y93 in the NS5A region were examined by direct sequencing. The prevalence of RASs was as follows: 2.6% at L28, 8.7% at R30, 6.1% at L31, 48.7% at Q54, 9.9% at P58, 9.9% at Q62, 5.1% at A92, 13.8% at Y93, and 19.2% at L31 or Y93. A total of 133 patients had no RASs. SVR was achieved in 98.7% of the patients. SVR rates significantly differed between patients with and without the L31 or Y93 RAS (93.0% [53/57] vs 100% [250/250], P = .0011). In addition, among patients with the L31 or Y93 RAS, 29.8%, 45.6% and 24.6% had one, two and three or more NS5A RASs, respectively. The SVR rate was significantly lower in patients with the L31 or Y93 RAS with more than three NS5A RASs compared to those with fewer than three NS5A RASs (71.4% [10/14] vs 100% [43/43], P = .0025). Although the prevalence of multiple NS5A RASs at baseline was low in NS5A inhibitor-naïve patients, the presence of multiple NS5A RASs was associated with the effectiveness of SOF/LDV therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kozuka
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Motoyama
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - A Hagihara
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Fujii
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Uchida-Kobayashi
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Morikawa
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Enomoto
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Murakami
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - N Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - A Tamori
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Kozuka R, Hai H, Teranishi Y, Motoyama H, Kawamura E, Hagihara A, Uchida-Kobayashi S, Morikawa H, Enomoto M, Murakami Y, Kawada N, Tamori A. Correlation between polymorphism in the inosine triphosphatase and the reductions in hemoglobin concentration and ribavirin dose during sofosbuvir and ribavirin therapy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 32:1495-1502. [PMID: 28109022 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM It is unclear whether polymorphism in the inosine triphosphatase (ITPA) gene correlates to the reduction in hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations during sofosbuvir (SOF) and ribavirin (RBV) therapy. This study investigated the effects of the ITPA polymorphism on Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 2 infection treated with SOF/RBV therapy. METHODS In 106 patients treated with SOF/RBV therapy, this study assessed the effects of the ITPA polymorphism (rs1127354) on anemia, RBV dose reduction, and sustained virological response. RESULTS Of the 106 patients, 80 had the CC genotype, whereas 26 had a non-CC genotype in ITPA. Patients with the CC genotype had significantly larger reductions in Hb concentrations than those with a non-CC genotype throughout the treatment course. RBV dose reduction was required in 18/106 (17.0%) patients, with a significantly higher frequency in patients with the CC genotype than in those with a non-CC genotype (P = 0.010). In multivariate analysis, age ≥ 65 years (P = 0.011) and the ITPA CC genotype (P < 0.0001) were factors significantly associated with anemia throughout the treatment course. Sustained virological response was achieved in 99.0% of all patients: 98.7% of patients with the CC genotype and 100% of patients with a non-CC genotype. CONCLUSIONS Inosine triphosphatase polymorphism appeared to correlate with anemia incidence and RBV dose reduction during SOF/RBV therapy, but not the clinical outcome. Careful monitoring of Hb concentrations and prompt adjustment of RBV doses are required for successful treatment, particularly in patients harboring the ITPA CC genotype or age ≥ 65 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritsuzo Kozuka
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hoang Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuga Teranishi
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Motoyama
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Etsushi Kawamura
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hagihara
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Hiroyasu Morikawa
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaru Enomoto
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Murakami
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tamori
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Yoshida K, Hai H, Tamori A, Teranishi Y, Kozuka R, Motoyama H, Kawamura E, Hagihara A, Uchida-Kobayashi S, Morikawa H, Enomoto M, Murakami Y, Kawada N. Long-Term Follow-Up of Resistance-Associated Substitutions in Hepatitis C Virus in Patients in Which Direct Acting Antiviral-Based Therapy Failed. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050962. [PMID: 28467359 PMCID: PMC5454875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the transition of dominant resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) in hepatitis C virus during long-term follow-up after the failure of DAAs (direct acting antivirals)-based therapy. RASs in non-structure (NS)3/4A, NS5A, NS5B, and deletions in NS5A from 20 patients who failed simeprevir/pegylated-interferon/ribavirin (SMV/PEG-IFN/RBV) and 25 patients who failed daclatasvir/asunaprevir (DCV/ASV) treatment were examined by direct sequencing. With respect to SMV/PEG-IFN/RBV treatment, RAS was detected at D168 in NS3/4A but not detected in NS5A and NS5B at treatment failure in 16 of 20 patients. During the median follow-up period of 64 weeks, the RAS at D168 became less dominant in 9 of 16 patients. Among 25 DCV/ASV failures, RASs at D168, L31, and Y93 were found in 57.1%, 72.2%, and 76.9%, respectively. NS5A deletions were detected in 3 of 10 patients treated previously with SMV/PEG-IFN/RBV. The number of RASs in the breakthrough patients exceeded that in relapsers (mean 3.9 vs. 2.7, p < 0.05). RAS at D168 in NS3/4A became less dominant in 6 of 15 patients within 80 weeks. Y93H emerged at the time of relapse, then decreased gradually by 99% at 130 weeks post-treatment. Emerged RASs were associated with the clinical course of treatment and could not be detected during longer follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Yoshida
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Hoang Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Tamori
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Yuga Teranishi
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Ritsuzo Kozuka
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Motoyama
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Etsushi Kawamura
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Hagihara
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Sawako Uchida-Kobayashi
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Hiroyasu Morikawa
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Masaru Enomoto
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Yoshiki Murakami
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
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Zhou FY, Hai H, Yuan YL, Li JP. Cover Picture: Ultrasensitive Electrochemiluminescence Biosensor for mRNA Based on Polymerase Assisted Signal Amplification (Electroanalysis 4/2017). ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201780401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Y. Zhou
- Guangxi Key laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering; Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - H. Hai
- Guangxi Key laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering; Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - Y. L. Yuan
- Guangxi Key laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering; Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - J. P. Li
- Guangxi Key laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering; Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004 P. R. China
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23
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Zhou FY, Hai H, Yuan YL, Li JP. Ultrasensitive Electrochemiluminescence Biosensor for mRNA Based on Polymerase Assisted Signal Amplification. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Y. Zhou
- Guangxi Key laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering; Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - H. Hai
- Guangxi Key laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering; Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - Y. L. Yuan
- Guangxi Key laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering; Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - J. P. Li
- Guangxi Key laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering; Guilin University of Technology; Guilin 541004 P. R. China
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Tamori A, Yoshida K, Kurai O, Kioka K, Hai H, Kozuka R, Motoyama H, Kawamura E, Hagihara A, Uchida-Kobayashi S, Morikawa H, Enomoto M, Murakami Y, Kawada N. Randomized trial of combined triple therapy comprising two types of peginterferon with simeprevir in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1b. Hepatol Res 2016; 46:1311-1320. [PMID: 26932745 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Simeprevir (SMV) is a potent, macrocyclic hepatitis C virus (HCV) non-structural 3/4 A protease inhibitor. This prospective study compared the efficacy and safety of SMV in combination with peginterferon α2a + ribavirin (P2aR) and with peginterferon α2b + ribavirin (P2bR) in Japanese patients with HCV genotype 1b infection. METHODS Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b patients were randomly assigned to receive SMV (100 mg QD) with P2aR for 12 weeks, then P2aR alone for 12 or 36 weeks; or SMV (100 mg QD) with P2bR for 12 weeks, then P2bR alone for 12 or 36 weeks. The primary endpoint was a sustained virologic response 24 weeks after completing treatment (SVR24). RESULTS In total, 151 patients were randomly assigned to the P2aR (n = 76) or P2bR group (n = 75). Six patients dropped out. Sustained virologic response 24 weeks after completing treatment was achieved in 55 (75.3%) of 73 P2aR patients and 55 (76.4%) of 72 P2bR patients. There was no difference in the rate of SVR24 between the two groups (P = 0.88). No differences in the proportion of patients who became HCV RNA-negative were detected between the P2aR and P2bR groups. The two groups had comparable numbers of adverse events, which led to the discontinuation of treatment in 9.6% and 8.3% of participants in the P2aR and P2bR groups, respectively. CONCLUSION Peginterferon α2a or α2b in combination with SMV + ribavirin therapy showed identical antiviral effects in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Also, the incidence of adverse events was identical for both regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Tamori
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kanako Yoshida
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Osamu Kurai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City Juso Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyohide Kioka
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hoang Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ritsuzo Kozuka
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Motoyama
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Etsushi Kawamura
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hagihara
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Hiroyasu Morikawa
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaru Enomoto
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Murakami
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Thuy Le TT, Hai NTT, Hai H, Kawada N. Pathophysiological role of cytoglobin, the fourth globin in mammals, in liver diseases. Histol Histopathol 2015; 31:257-67. [PMID: 26554615 DOI: 10.14670/hh-11-694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cytoglobin (Cygb), a stellate cell-specific globin, has recently drawn attention due to its association with liver fibrosis and cancer. In human and rodent livers, Cygb is expressed only in stellate cells and can be utilized as a marker to distinguish stellate cells from hepatic fibroblast-derived myofibroblasts. Loss of Cygb accelerates liver fibrosis and cancer development despite its etiology in mouse models of chronic liver injury. This review discusses the current perception of the distribution, regulation and function of Cygb with regard to liver diseases, with an emphasis on its role in tumorigenesis. Further investigation of Cygb may shed new light on the biology of organ carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thanh Thuy Le
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nguyen Thi Thanh Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hoang Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
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26
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Thuy LTT, Matsumoto Y, Thuy TTV, Hai H, Suoh M, Urahara Y, Motoyama H, Fujii H, Tamori A, Kubo S, Takemura S, Morita T, Yoshizato K, Kawada N. Cytoglobin deficiency promotes liver cancer development from hepatosteatosis through activation of the oxidative stress pathway. Am J Pathol 2015; 185:1045-60. [PMID: 25665792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to clarify the role of cytoglobin (Cygb), a globin expressed in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), in the development of liver fibrosis and cancer in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Cygb expression was assessed in patients with NASH and hepatocellular carcinoma. Mouse NASH model was generated in Cygb-deficient (Cygb(-/-)) or wild-type (WT) mice by giving a choline-deficient amino acid-defined diet and, in some of them, macrophage deletion and N-acetyl cysteine treatment were used. Primary-cultured mouse HSCs isolated from WT (HSCs(Cygb-wild)) or Cygb(-/-) (HSCs(Cygb-null)) mice were characterized. As results, the expression of CYGB was reduced in patients with NASH and hepatocellular carcinoma. Choline-deficient amino acid treatment for 8 weeks induced prominent inflammation and fibrosis in Cygb(-/-) mice, which was inhibited by macrophage deletion. Surprisingly, at 32 weeks, despite no tumor formation in the WT mice, all Cygb(-/-) mice developed liver cancer, which was ameliorated by N-acetyl cysteine treatment. Altered expression of 31 genes involved in the metabolism of reactive oxygen species was notable in Cygb(-/-) mice. Both HSCs(Cygb-null) and Cygb siRNA-transfected-HSCs(Cygb-wild) exhibited the preactivation condition. Our findings provide important insights into the role that Cygb, expressed in HSCs during liver fibrosis, plays in cancer development with NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Thi Thanh Thuy
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Matsumoto
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tuong Thi Van Thuy
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hoang Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Maito Suoh
- Department of Medical Education and General Practice, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuka Urahara
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Motoyama
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Fujii
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tamori
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shoji Kubo
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Takemura
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Morita
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Yoshizato
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan; PhoenixBio Co. Ltd, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
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Lubai X, Kejia W, Jingli C, Zhenzhai C, Baoqing L, Jisheng W, Bing Z, Hai H. Effects of different gastrointestinal surgical approaches on pancreatic β-cell function in type 2 diabetic patients with BMIs<30. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2014; 123:227-31. [PMID: 25502580 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1395581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gastrointestinal surgery has been performed for many years to achieve durable and effective treatments of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study determined the effects of different surgical operations on pancreatic β-cell function in patients with T2DM with BMIs<30 kg/m(2). DESIGN AND PATIENTS A total of 46 patients with diabetes and BMIs<30 kg/m(2) underwent gastrointestinal surgery; 23 patients underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), and 23 patients underwent Billroth Ι gastrectomy (BΙG). Oral glucose tolerance tests were used to evaluate pancreatic β cell function. Serum insulin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and blood glucose was detected with the glucose oxidase method. HOMA-IR and HOMA-β were evaluated with the HOMA equation. RESULTS The T2DM remission rates were 21.7% (5/23) in the BΙG group and 82.6% (19/23) in the RYGB group. There was a significant difference in the improvements in postoperative glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (GHbA1c) and glycated hemoglobin A1 (GHbA1) between the BΙG and RYGB groups (P=0.001, P=0.002). OGTT revealed that both fasting blood glucose (FBG) and blood glucose at the designated time points after glucose loading were significantly lower in the RYGB group than in the BΙG group. Insulin levels (at 30 and 60 min), insulin release indices (at 30 and 60 min), HOMA-β and ΔI30/ΔG30 were significantly higher in the RYGB group than in the BΙG group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patients with BMIs<30 kg/m(2) who underwent RYGB surgery exhibited significantly greater improvements or resolutions of T2DM and significantly better recoveries of β-cells function than did those in the BΙG group.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Lubai
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - W Kejia
- Department of Pathology, NO. 401 Hospital of PLA, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - C Jingli
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - C Zhenzhai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - L Baoqing
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - W Jisheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Z Bing
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - H Hai
- Department of General Surgery, East Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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28
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Hai H, Tamori A, Kawada N. Role of hepatitis B virus DNA integration in human hepatocarcinogenesis. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:6236-6243. [PMID: 24876744 PMCID: PMC4033461 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i20.6236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Revised: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer ranks sixth in cancer incidence, and is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer, which arises from hepatocytes and accounts for approximately 70%-85% of cases. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) frequently causes liver inflammation, hepatic damage and subsequent cirrhosis. Integrated viral DNA is found in 85%-90% of HBV-related HCCs. Its presence in tumors from non-cirrhotic livers of children or young adults further supports the role of viral DNA integration in hepatocarcinogenesis. Integration of subgenomic HBV DNA fragments into different locations within the host DNA is a significant feature of chronic HBV infection. Integration has two potential consequences: (1) the host genome becomes altered (“cis” effect); and (2) the HBV genome becomes altered (“trans” effect). The cis effect includes insertional mutagenesis, which can potentially disrupt host gene function or alter host gene regulation. Tumor progression is frequently associated with rearrangement and partial gain or loss of both viral and host sequences. However, the role of integrated HBV DNA in hepatocarcinogenesis remains controversial. Modern technology has provided a new paradigm to further our understanding of disease mechanisms. This review summarizes the role of HBV DNA integration in human carcinogenesis.
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29
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Hai H, Tamori A, Enomoto M, Morikawa H, Uchida-Kobayashi S, Fujii H, Hagihara A, Kawamura E, Thuy LTT, Tanaka Y, Kawada N. Relationship between inosine triphosphate genotype and outcome of extended therapy in hepatitis C virus patients with a late viral response to pegylated-interferon and ribavirin. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 29:201-7. [PMID: 23980585 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM It is not yet clear which factors are associated with the outcome of 72-week treatment with pegylated-interferon and ribavirin (RBV) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. METHODS In 66 patients with HCV genotype 1 who had a late viral response (LVR) to 72-week treatment of pegylated-interferon and RBV, we examined the factors that determined the outcome, including single nucleotide polymorphisms of interleukin-28B and inosine triphosphatase (ITPA) genes. RESULTS Thirty seven of 66 (56%) patients with LVR achieved a sustained viral response (SVR). The mean age of these 37 SVR patients was 55, compared with 61 in 29 relapsed patients (P = 0.009). Twenty six of 54 (48%) patients with the CC genotype and 11 of 12 (92%) with the CA/AA genotype of ITPA rs1127354 achieved SVR (P = 0.006). The SVR rates were 79%, 40%, 60%, and 33% in patients with undetectable HCV RNA on weeks 16, 20, 24, and 28 or later, respectively (P = 0.014). Finally, serum RBV concentration at week 44 of treatment was significantly higher in the SVR group (2651 ng/mL) than in the relapse group (1989 ng/mL, P = 0.002). In contrast, the rate of the interleukin-28B genotype was not different between the groups. Multiple regression analysis showed that age < 60 years, ITPA CA/AA genotype, and serum RBV concentration were significant independent predictive factors for SVR. CONCLUSIONS Our findings elucidated the association of four factors, including ITPA genotype, with the outcome of 72-week treatment in LVR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Hai
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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30
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Kozuka R, Enomoto M, Hai H, Ogawa T, Nakaya M, Hagihara A, Fujii H, Kobayashi S, Iwai S, Morikawa H, Tamori A, Kawada N. Changes in sequences of core region, interferon sensitivity-determining region and interferon and ribavirin resistance-determining region of hepatitis C virus genotype 1 during interferon-alpha and ribavirin therapy, and efficacy of retreatment. Hepatol Res 2012; 42:1157-67. [PMID: 22672644 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2012.01046.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM Some regions associated with sensitivity to interferon-α and ribavirin have been identified in the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome, including amino acid 70 in the core region (core a.a. 70), a.a. 2209-2248 (interferon sensitivity-determining region, ISDR) and a.a. 2334-2379 (interferon and ribavirin resistance-determining region, IRRDR). METHODS We examined changes in the sequences of these regions in 25 patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection who had not had sustained virological response (SVR) to interferon-α and ribavirin for 24-48 weeks and subsequently received retreatment for 48-72 weeks. RESULTS At baseline, the core a.a. 70 was mutant (resistant) type in seven patients. At the start of retreatment, the core a.a. 70 had changed from sensitive to resistant type in 2 patients, and SVR was not achieved by retreatment. The ISDR variations were resistant type (0-1 mutations) in 17 patients at baseline. After 2 weeks of treatment, amino acid change was found in two patients; in one, the substitutions returned to baseline status after treatment, and in the other, the substitution persisted. At the start of retreatment, ISDR sequences had changed from resistant to sensitive type in two patients and SVR was achieved and from sensitive to resistant type in three patients and SVR was not achieved. The IRRDR variations were resistant type (<6 mutations) in 19 patients at baseline and at the start of retreatment. CONCLUSION Sequences of the core region and ISDR sometimes change during anti-HCV therapy, potentially affecting the outcomes of retreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritsuzo Kozuka
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Center for the Advancement of Higher Education, Faculty of Engineering, Kinki University, Hiroshima, Japan
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31
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Ranganathan V, Heine WF, Ciccone DN, Rudolph KL, Wu X, Chang S, Hai H, Ahearn IM, Livingston DM, Resnick I, Rosen F, Seemanova E, Jarolim P, DePinho RA, Weaver DT. Rescue of a telomere length defect of Nijmegen breakage syndrome cells requires NBS and telomerase catalytic subunit. Curr Biol 2001; 11:962-6. [PMID: 11448772 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9822(01)00267-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) is a rare human disease displaying chromosome instability, radiosensitivity, cancer predisposition, immunodeficiency, and other defects [1, 2]. NBS is complexed with MRE11 and RAD50 in a DNA repair complex [3-5] and is localized to telomere ends in association with TRF proteins [6, 7]. We show that blood cells from NBS patients have shortened telomere DNA ends. Likewise, cultured NBS fibroblasts that exhibit a premature growth cessation were observed with correspondingly shortened telomeres. Introduction of the catalytic subunit of telomerase, TERT, was alone sufficient to increase the proliferative capacity of NBS fibroblasts. However, NBS, but not TERT, restores the capacity of NBS cells to survive gamma irradiation damage. Strikingly, NBS promotes telomere elongation in conjunction with TERT in NBS fibroblasts. These results suggest that NBS is a required accessory protein for telomere extension. Since NBS patients have shortened telomeres, these defects may contribute to the chromosome instability and disease associated with NBS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ranganathan
- Center for Blood Research, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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32
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Zeng F, Hai H, Jin L. [Analysis on infrared spectrum of human body gallstone with comparative method]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 2001; 21:314-316. [PMID: 12947655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The infrared spectra (IRS) are measured for chemical composition of series gallstones. The infrared spectra (IRS) of the gallstone are compared with IRS of standard compound sample. The typical IRS are divided into 6 genera in component analysis of gallstone according to the principal characteristic peak: cholesterol, calcium bilirubin, calcium stearate, calcium carbonate, hydroxyl carbonate phosphatic rock and mixture. The gallstones are correlatively divided into 6 genera of gallstones or 2 genera-cholesterol and calcium salt gallstones according to whether containing calcium salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zeng
- Center of Analysis and Testing, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan
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33
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Zeng F, Jin L, Hai H, Yang T, Zhou Y. [Characteristics on ultraviolet absorption spectrum from difference in temperature and electron transition types of compounds]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 2001; 21:218-221. [PMID: 12947626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The paper states a measuring method about Ultraviolet absorption spectrum from difference in temperature (UVSDT). The UVSDT of chemical compounds have been obtained with UV-240 ultraviolet spectrophotometer. The results show that the characteristic of UVSDT is related to electronic transition type of molecule. The long wave side shifts to long wave, when difference in temperature (delta t) accretes, peak high increases, bathochromic shift augments for UVSDT of n-sigma* electron transition. The UVSDT of n-pi* electron transition has two peak (one positive peak and one negative peak), when delta t accretes, the positive peak up increases, the negative peak down increases. The UVSDT of pi-pi* electron transition become negative peak, when delta t accretes, the negative peak down increases, the location of peak not moves.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zeng
- Center of Analysis and Testing, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan
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34
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Miki M, Kobayashi T, Kimura H, Hagiwara A, Hai H, Maéda Y. Ca2+-induced distance change between points on actin and troponin in skeletal muscle thin filaments estimated by fluorescence energy transfer spectroscopy. J Biochem 1998; 123:324-31. [PMID: 9538210 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a021940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer spectroscopy has been used to study the spatial relationships between probes attached to actin and troponin in the reconstituted skeletal muscle thin filament in the presence and absence of Ca2+ ions. Gln-41 and the nucleotide-binding site of actin were selectively labeled with the acceptor probe: fluorescein cadaverine and 2'(or 3')-O-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)adenosine 5'-diphosphate (TNP-ADP), respectively. Troponin was selectively labeled at positions 9 or 133 of troponin-I and 98 of troponin-C with a donor probe; 5-(2-iodoacetylaminoethyl)aminonaphthalene 1-sulfonic acid (IAEDANS). The distances between probes attached to position 133 of TnI and Gln-41 or the nucleotide site of actin were determined to be 51.6+/-1.2 and 42.7+/-0.9 A respectively in the presence of Ca2+, and these distances decreased by 11.5 and 9.3 A respectively in the absence of Ca2+ ions. The distances between the probes attached to position 9 of TnI and Gln-41 or the nucleotide site of actin were determined to be 59.1+/-2.0 or 49.3+/-1.5 A respectively in the presence of Ca2+, and the distances decreased by 5.3 or 3.7 A in the absence of Ca2+. The distances between probes attached to position 98 of TnC and Gln-41 or the nucleotide site of actin were determined to be 55.1+/-1.7 and 57+/-5 A in the presence of Ca2+ and the distances increased slightly by approximately 1 A in the absence of Ca2+. The results suggest that the C-terminal domain of troponin I moves to the outer domain of actin during inhibition, while the C-terminal domain of TnC does not move much.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Miki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Fukui University, Bunkyo.
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Hai H, Hardy MH, Black WD, Goldberg MT. The in vivo effect of the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced apoptosis in mouse hair follicles. Fundam Appl Toxicol 1997; 35:177-81. [PMID: 9038238 DOI: 10.1006/faat.1996.2261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the in vivo relationship between apoptosis induced by the tumor initiator N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) and action of the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in mouse hair follicle matrix cells. Mouse hair follicles were stimulated to grow hair synchronously by plucking resting hairs and MNU was applied to the plucked skin as the apoptosis inducer. The effects of TPA on MNU-induced apoptosis, when given at different intervals before or after MNU treatment, were examined. Changes in the percentage of apoptotic cells among total hair matrix cells after TPA treatment were measured. A significant suppression in levels of MNU-induced apoptosis was observed in the animals receiving TPA 1 to 6 hr following the induction. Administration of TPA before MNU caused a reduction in numbers of apoptotic cells over the control groups, but the differences were not significant. Determination of the diurnal variation in apoptotic levels in vehicle-treated mouse hair follicles revealed a relatively constant baseline pattern, suggesting that the above apoptotic responses to MNU and TPA were not affected by the background levels of apoptosis. The findings provided in vivo evidence which would support the hypothesis that TPA promotes tumorigenesis by preventing carcinogen-initiated cells from undergoing apoptotic death.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
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36
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Chinoy DA, Camp J, Elchahal S, Godoy C, Grossman W, Hai H, Hamilton W, Kushner M, McGreevy M, Mulvihill RJ. A multicenter comparison of adhesion, preference, tolerability, and safety characteristics of two transdermal nitroglycerin delivery systems: Transderm-Nitro and Deponit. Clin Ther 1989; 11:678-84. [PMID: 2509071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
One hundred forty-two patients with stable angina were enrolled in a four-week, multicenter, office-based study to compare the adhesion properties, patient preference, and tolerability of two commercially available transdermal nitroglycerin patches. Data from 139 patients were analyzed. Each patient simultaneously wore one 5-mg Transderm-Nitro (TDN) patch and one 5-mg Deponit (DPT) patch. Patients daily recorded the following information in a diary format: number of angina attacks, frequency of sublingual nitroglycerin use, patch adhesion, and problems at the adhesion site or other medical problems. At the end of the study, patients rated their patch preferences based on ease of application and removal, ease of removing backing, overall adhesion, and adhesion under specific conditions, such as showering, swimming, exercise, hot weather, high humidity, and perspiration. They also specified which patch they would choose for their next prescription. Differences in adhesion properties (P less than 0.0001) and tolerability at the site of application favored TDN over DPT. In addition, significantly more patients (P less than 0.0001) specified TDN as their next prescription choice (83% vs 11%).
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Hai H, Guo ZG, Wang JM. Disposition of N-methyl-[ring-3,5-3H]tyramine in rabbits and mice. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1989; 10:41-5. [PMID: 2816400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
After iv bolus injection of N-methyl-[ring-3,5-3H] tyramine ([3H]MT) 14.8 MBq/kg in rabbits, the plasma concentration-time data was found to be in accordance with the 2-compartment model. The pharmacokinetic parameters were: T1/2 alpha = 0.3 min, T1/2 beta = 5.6 min, K12 = 0.69/min, K21 = 0.21/min, K10 = 1.6/min, VC = 0.4 L/kg, Cl = 0.62 L/kg.min-1. [3H]MT was taken up by organs rapidly and extensively. Two min after administration, a large amount of radioactivity was detected in every organ sampled. The highest amounts were in the kidney and liver, followed by lung, small intestine, heart, skeletal muscle, spleen, brain and fat. The drug was metabolized extremely fast in vivo. The metabolites were found in the plasma chromatogram just 0.5 min after dosing, while over 80% were found in the urine within 1 h. After a 1 h collecting period, the radioactivity recovered in the urine amounted to 79% of the injected dose. By the end of a 6 h collection, almost no drug was detected in the body.
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Davison R, Spies SM, Przybylek J, Hai H, Lesch M. Technetium-99m stannous pyrophosphate myocardial scintigraphy after cardiopulmonary resuscitation with cardioversion. Circulation 1979; 60:292-6. [PMID: 445747 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.60.2.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Thirty consecutive patients underwent technetium-99m stannous pyrophosphate myocardial scintigraphy 48--72 hours after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation and direct current cardioversion. Five patients with transmural myocardial infarctions by ECG and enzyme determinations were correctly identified by scintigraphy. Myocardial scans were positive in five of nine patients with nontransmural infarction. Of 16 patients without evidence of myocardial infarction, only two (13%) had false-positive myocardial scans. The overall accuracy of imaging in this series was 80%. We conclude that false-positive scans after cardiopulmonary resuscitation with electrical cardioversion are infrequent, and do not significantly detract from the value of myocardial scintigraphy in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction.
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