1
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Siegel J, Grossberger D, Pryjmaková J, Šlouf M, Malinský P, Ceccio G, Vacík J. Modification of AgNP-Decorated PET: A Promising Strategy for Preparation of AgNP-Filled Nuclear Pores in Polymer Membranes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:712. [PMID: 38255786 PMCID: PMC10815600 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymer-based membranes represent an irreplaceable group of materials that can be applied in a wide range of key industrial areas, from packaging to high-end technologies. Increased selectivity to transport properties or the possibility of controlling membrane permeability by external stimuli represents a key issue in current material research. In this work, we present an unconventional approach with the introduction of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) into membrane pores, by immobilising them onto the surface of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) foil with subsequent physical modification by means of laser and plasma radiation prior to membrane preparation. Our results showed that the surface characteristics of AgNP-decorated PET (surface morphology, AgNP content, and depth profile) affected the distribution and concentration of AgNPs in subsequent ion-track membranes. We believe that the presented approach affecting the redistribution of AgNPs in the polymer volume may open up new possibilities for the preparation of metal nanoparticle-filled polymeric membranes. The presence of AgNPs on the pore walls can facilitate the grafting of stimuli-responsive molecules onto these active sites and may contribute to the development of intelligent membranes with controllable transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Siegel
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (D.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Daniel Grossberger
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (D.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Jana Pryjmaková
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (D.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Miroslav Šlouf
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Petr Malinský
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Jan Evangelista Purkyně in Ústí nad Labem, 400 03 Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic;
- Department of Neutron Physics, Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 250 68 Husinec, Czech Republic; (G.C.); (J.V.)
| | - Giovanni Ceccio
- Department of Neutron Physics, Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 250 68 Husinec, Czech Republic; (G.C.); (J.V.)
| | - Jiří Vacík
- Department of Neutron Physics, Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 250 68 Husinec, Czech Republic; (G.C.); (J.V.)
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2
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Wang Z, Zheng H, Chen J, Wang W, Sun F, Cao Y. Effect of Crosslinking Conditions on the Transport of Protons and Methanol in Crosslinked Polyvinyl Alcohol Membranes Containing the Phosphoric Acid Group. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4198. [PMID: 37959877 PMCID: PMC10648814 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In this investigation, we systematically explored the intricate relationship between the structural attributes of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membranes and their multifaceted properties relevant to fuel cell applications, encompassing diverse crosslinking conditions. Employing the solution casting technique, we fabricated crosslinked PVA membranes by utilizing phosphoric acid (PA) as the crosslinking agent, modulating the crosslinking temperature across a range of values. This comprehensive approach aimed to optimize the selection of crosslinking parameters for the advancement of crosslinked polymer materials tailored for fuel cell contexts. A series of meticulously tailored crosslinked PVA membranes were synthesized, each varying in PBTCA content (5-30 wt.%) to establish a systematic framework for elucidating chemical interactions, morphological transformations, and physicochemical attributes pertinent to fuel cell utilization. The manipulation of crosslinking agent concentration and crosslinking temperature engendered a discernible impact on the crosslinking degree, leading to a concomitant reduction in crystallinity. Time-resolved attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was harnessed to evaluate the dynamics of liquid water adsorption and ionomer swelling kinetics within the array of fabricated PVA films. Notably, the diffusion of water within the PVA membranes adhered faithfully to Fick's law, with discernible sensitivity to the crosslinking conditions being implemented. Within the evaluated membranes, proton conductivities exhibited a span of between 10-3 and 10-2 S/cm, while methanol permeabilities ranged from 10-8 to 10-7 cm2/s. A remarkable revelation surfaced during the course of this study, as it became evident that the structural attributes and properties of the PVA films, under the influence of distinct crosslinking conditions, underwent coherent modifications. These changes were intrinsically linked to alterations in crosslinking degree and crystallinity, reinforcing the interdependence of these parameters in shaping the characteristics of PVA films intended for diverse fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (Z.W.); (H.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Hao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (Z.W.); (H.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Jinyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (Z.W.); (H.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Wei Wang
- Science and Technology on Advanced Functional Composites Laboratory, Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology, Beijing 100076, China; (W.W.); (F.S.)
| | - Furui Sun
- Science and Technology on Advanced Functional Composites Laboratory, Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology, Beijing 100076, China; (W.W.); (F.S.)
| | - Ya Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (Z.W.); (H.Z.); (Y.C.)
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3
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Shvidchenko AV, Odinokov AS, Primachenko ON, Gofman IV, Yevlampieva NP, Marinenko EA, Lebedev VT, Kuklin AI, Kulvelis YV. Improving PFSA Membranes Using Sulfonated Nanodiamonds. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:712. [PMID: 37623774 PMCID: PMC10456736 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13080712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Aquivion®-type perfluorosulfonic acid membranes with a polytetrafluoroethylene backbone and short side chains with sulfonic acid groups at the ends have great prospects for operating in hydrogen fuel cells. To improve the conducting properties of membranes, various types of nanofillers can be used. We prepared compositional Aquivion®-type membranes with embedded detonation nanodiamond particles. Nanodiamonds were chemically modified with sulfonic acid groups to increase the entire amount of ionogenic groups involved in the proton conductivity mechanism in compositional membranes. We demonstrated the rise of proton conductivity at 0.5-2 wt.% of sulfonated nanodiamonds in membranes, which was accompanied by good mechanical properties. The basic structural elements, conducting channels in membranes, were not destroyed in the presence of nanodiamonds, as follows from small-angle neutron scattering data. The prepared compositional membranes can be used in hydrogen fuel cells to achieve improved performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexei S. Odinokov
- Russian Research Center of Applied Chemistry, 193232 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Oleg N. Primachenko
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.N.P.); (I.V.G.); (E.A.M.)
| | - Iosif V. Gofman
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.N.P.); (I.V.G.); (E.A.M.)
| | | | - Elena A. Marinenko
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.N.P.); (I.V.G.); (E.A.M.)
| | - Vasily T. Lebedev
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Gatchina, Russia;
| | - Alexander I. Kuklin
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia;
| | - Yuri V. Kulvelis
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Gatchina, Russia;
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4
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Simari C. NMR Investigation of Water Molecular Dynamics in Sulfonated Polysulfone/Layered Double Hydroxide Composite Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:684. [PMID: 37505050 PMCID: PMC10384311 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13070684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The development of nanocomposite membranes based on hydrocarbon polymers is emerging as one of the most promising strategies for overcoming the performance, cost, and safety limitations of Nafion, which is the current benchmark in proton exchange membranes for fuel cell applications. Among the various nanocomposite membranes, those based on sulfonated polysulfone (sPSU) and Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs) hold promise regarding their successful utilization in practical applications due to their interesting electrochemical performance. This study aims to elucidate the effect of LDH introduction on the internal arrangement of water molecules in the hydrophilic clusters of sPSU and on its proton transport properties. Swelling tests, NMR characterization, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) investigation allowed us to demonstrate that LDH platelets act as physical crosslinkers between -SO3H groups of adjacent polymer chains. This increases dimensional stability while simultaneously creating continuous paths for proton conduction. This feature, combined with its impressive water retention capability, allows sPSU to yield a proton conductivity of ca. 4 mS cm-1 at 90 °C and 20% RH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cataldo Simari
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
- National Reference Centre for Electrochemical Energy Storage (GISEL)-INSTM, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
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5
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Zhao C, Zhang H, Huang Z, Zhao M, Chen H, Lin G. Two-Stage Microporous Layers with Gradient Pore Size Structure for Improving the Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2740. [PMID: 37376385 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we report the preparation of a gas diffusion layer (GDL) with different gradient pore size structures. The pore structure of microporous layers (MPL) was controlled by the amount of pore-making agent sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). We investigated the effects of the two-stage MPL and the different pore size structures in the two-stage MPL on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). The conductivity and water contact angle tests showed that the GDL had outstanding conductivity and good hydrophobicity. The results of the pore size distribution test indicated that introducing a pore-making agent altered the pore size distribution of the GDL and increased the capillary pressure difference within the GDL. Specifically, there was an increase in pore size within the 7-20 μm and 20-50 μm ranges, which improved the stability of water and gas transmission within the fuel cell. The maximum power density of the GDL03 was increased by 37.1% at 40% humidity, 38.9% at 60% humidity, and 36.5% at 100% humidity when compared to the commercial GDL29BC in a hydrogen-air environment. The design of gradient MPL ensured that the pore size between carbon paper and MPL changed from an initially abrupt state to a smooth transition state, which significantly improved the water and gas management capabilities of PEMFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxue Zhao
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Haihang Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Haiming Chen
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Guangyi Lin
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
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6
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Javed A, Palafox Gonzalez P, Thangadurai V. A Critical Review of Electrolytes for Advanced Low- and High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37326582 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the 21st century, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) represent a promising source of power generation due to their high efficiency compared with coal combustion engines and eco-friendly design. Proton exchange membranes (PEMs), being the critical component of PEMFCs, determine their overall performance. Perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) based Nafion and nonfluorinated-based polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes are commonly used for low- and high-temperature PEMFCs, respectively. However, these membranes have some drawbacks such as high cost, fuel crossover, and reduction in proton conductivity at high temperatures for commercialization. Here, we report the requirements of functional properties of PEMs for PEMFCs, the proton conduction mechanism, and the challenges which hinder their commercial adaptation. Recent research efforts have been focused on the modifications of PEMs by composite materials to overcome their drawbacks such as stability and proton conductivity. We discuss some current developments in membranes for PEMFCs with special emphasis on hybrid membranes based on Nafion, PBI, and other nonfluorinated proton conducting membranes prepared through the incorporation of different inorganic, organic, and hybrid fillers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroosa Javed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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7
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Considering Electrospun Nanofibers as a Filler Network in Electrospun Nanofiber-Reinforced Composites to Predict the Tensile Strength and Young's Modulus of Nanocomposites: A Modeling Study. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245425. [PMID: 36559793 PMCID: PMC9781684 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a simple approach was described to investigate the theoretical models for electrospun polymer nanofiber-reinforced nanocomposites. For predicting the tensile strength of the electrospun nylon 6 nanofiber-reinforced polyurethane acrylate composites, conventional Pukanszky, Nicolais-Narkis, Halpin-Tsai, and Neilson models were used, while for Young's modulus, Halpin-Tsai, modified Halpin-Tsai, and Hui-Shia models were used. As per the Pukanszky model, composite films showed better interaction since the values of the interaction parameter, B, were more than 3. Similarly, the value of an interfacial parameter, K, was less than 1.21 (K = -5, for the curve fitting) as per the Nicolais-Narkis model, which indicated better interfacial interaction. For composite films, the modified Halpin-Tsai model was revised again by introducing the orientation factor, α, which was 0.333 for the randomly oriented continuous nanofiber-reinforced composites, and the exponential shape factor, ξ = (2l/d)e-avf-b, which showed the best agreement with the experimental Young's modulus results. Based on mentioned remarks, these models would be applicable for estimating the tensile strength and Young's modulus of electrospun nanofiber-reinforced polymer composite films.
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8
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Synthesis and fabrication of BST/SPVdF-co-HFP composites for proton exchange membrane fuel cell applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03358-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Banitaba SN, Ebadi SV, Salimi P, Bagheri A, Gupta A, Arifeen WU, Chaudhary V, Mishra YK, Kaushik A, Mostafavi E. Biopolymer-based electrospun fibers in electrochemical devices: versatile platform for energy, environment, and health monitoring. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:2914-2948. [PMID: 36226580 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00879c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical power tools are regarded as essential keys in a world that is becoming increasingly reliant on fossil fuels in order to meet the challenges of rapidly depleting fossil fuel supplies. Additionally, due to the industrialization of societies and the growth of diseases, the need for sensitive, reliable, inexpensive, and portable sensors and biosensors for noninvasive monitoring of human health and environmental pollution is felt more than ever before. In recent decades, electrospun fibers have emerged as promising candidates for the fabrication of highly efficient electrochemical devices, such as actuators, batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, and biosensors. Meanwhile, the use of synthetic polymers in the fabrication of versatile electrochemical devices has raised environmental concerns, leading to an increase in the quest for natural polymers. Natural polymers are primarily derived from microorganisms and plants. Despite the challenges of processing bio-based electrospun fibers, employing natural nanofibers in the fabrication of electrochemical devices has garnered tremendous attention in recent years. Here, various natural polymers and the strategies employed to fabricate various electrospun biopolymers are briefly covered. The recent advances and research strategies used to apply the bio-based electrospun membranes in different electrochemical devices are carefully summarized, along with the scopes in various advanced technologies. A comprehensive and critical discussion about the use of biopolymer-based electrospun fibers as the potential alternative to non-renewable ones in future technologies is briefly highlighted. This review will serve as a field opening platform for using different biopolymer-based electrospun fibers to advance the electrochemical device-based renewable and sustainable technologies, which will be of high interest to a large community. Accordingly, future studies should focus on feasible and cost-effective extraction of biopolymers from natural resources as well as fabrication of high-performance nanofibrous biopolymer-based components applicable in various electrochemical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Nooshin Banitaba
- Department of Textile Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 159163-4311, Iran.
| | - Seyed Vahid Ebadi
- Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Pejman Salimi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Ahmad Bagheri
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universitate Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Ashish Gupta
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Waqas Ul Arifeen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38541, South Korea
| | - Vishal Chaudhary
- Research Cell & Department of Physics, Bhagini Nivedita College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110043, India
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, Smart Materials, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, 6400, Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Health Systems Engineering, Department of Natural Sciences, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, Florida, USA
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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10
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Fischer J, Han L, Saito T, Dadmun M. When does a macromolecule transition from a polymer chain to a nanoparticle? NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:5164-5177. [PMID: 36504741 PMCID: PMC9680937 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00617k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Frequently, the defining characteristic of a nanoparticle is simply its size, where objects that are 1-100 nm are characterized as nanoparticles. However, synthetic and biological macromolecules, in particular high molecular weight chains, can satisfy this size requirement without providing the same phenomena as one would expect from a nanoparticle. At the same time, soft polymer nanoparticles are important in a broad range of fields, including understanding protein folding, drug delivery, vitrimers, catalysis and nanomedicine. Moreover, the recent flourish of all polymer nanocomposites has led to the synthesis of soft all-polymer nanoparticles, which emerge from internal crosslinking of a macromolecule. Thus, there exists a transition of an internally crosslinked macromolecule from a polymer chain to a nanoparticle as the amount of internal crosslinks increases, where the polymer chain exhibits different behavior than the nanoparticle. Yet, this transition is not well understood. In this work, we seek to address this knowledge gap and determine the transition of a macromolecule from a polymer chain to a nanoparticle as internal crosslinking increases. In this work, small angle neutron scattering (SANS) offers insight into the structure of polystyrene and poly(ethyl hexyl methacrylate) nanostructures in dilute solutions, with crosslinking densities that vary from 0.1 to 10.7%. Analyses of the SANS data provides structural characteristics to classify a nanostructure as chain-like or particle-like and identify a crosslinking dependent transition between the two morphologies. It was found that for both types of polymeric nanostructures, a crosslinking density of 0.81% (∼ a crosslink for every 1 in 125 monomers) or higher exhibit clear particle-like behavior. Lower crosslinking density nanostructures showed amounts of collapse similar to that of a star polymer (0.1% XL) or a random walk polymer chain (0.4% XL). Thus, the transition of an internally crosslinked macromolecule from a polymer chain to a nanoparticle is not an abrupt transition but occurs via the gradual contraction of the chain with incorporated crosslinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
| | - Lu Han
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab Oak Ridge Tennessee USA
| | - Tomonori Saito
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab Oak Ridge Tennessee USA
| | - Mark Dadmun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab Oak Ridge Tennessee USA
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11
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Zakaria Z, Kamarudin SK, Wahid KAA. Polymer electrolyte membrane modification in direct ethanol fuel cells: An update. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zulfirdaus Zakaria
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus Pulau Pinang Malaysia
- Fuel Cell Institute Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Selangor Malaysia
| | - Siti Kartom Kamarudin
- Fuel Cell Institute Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Selangor Malaysia
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Selangor Malaysia
| | - Khairul Anwar Abd Wahid
- Mechanical Engineering Section, Malaysia France Institute Universiti Kuala Lumpur Bandar Baru Bangi Malaysia
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12
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Tabata K, Nohara T, Nakazaki H, Makino T, Saito T, Arita T, Masuhara A. Proton conductivity dependence on the surface polymer thickness of core-shell type nanoparticles in a proton exchange membrane. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:4714-4723. [PMID: 36381507 PMCID: PMC9642339 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00450j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The proton exchange membrane (PEM) is the main component that determines the performance of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. The construction of proton-conduction channels capable of fast proton conduction is an important topic in PEM research. In this study, we have developed poly(vinylphosphonic acid)-block-polystyrene (PVPA-b-PS)-coated core-shell type silica nanoparticles prepared by in situ polymerization and a core-shell type nanoparticle-filled PEM. In this system, two-dimensional (2D) proton-conduction channels have been constructed between PVPA and the surface of silica nanoparticles, and three-dimensional proton-conduction channels were constructed by connecting these 2D channels by filling with the core-shell type nanoparticles. The proton conductivities and activation energies of pelletized PVPA-coated core-shell type nanoparticles increased depending on the coated PVPA thickness. Additionally, pelletized PVPA-b-PS-coated silica nanoparticles showed a good proton conductivity of 1.3 × 10-2 S cm-1 at 80 °C and 95% RH. Also, the membrane state achieved 1.8 × 10-4 S cm-1 in a similar temperature and humidity environment. Although these proton conductivities were lower than those of PVPA, they have advantages such as low activation energy for proton conduction, suppression of swelling due to water absorption, and the ability to handle samples in powder form. Moreover, by using PS simultaneously, we succeeded in improving the stability of proton conductivity against changes in the temperature and humidity environment. Therefore, we have demonstrated a highly durable, tough but still enough high proton conductive material by polymer coating onto the surface of nanoparticles and also succeeded in constructing proton-conduction channels through the easy integration of core-shell type nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Tabata
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University 4-3-16 Yonezawa Yamagata 992-8510 Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nohara
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University 4-3-16 Yonezawa Yamagata 992-8510 Japan
| | - Haruki Nakazaki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University 4-3-16 Yonezawa Yamagata 992-8510 Japan
| | - Tsutomu Makino
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University 4-3-16 Yonezawa Yamagata 992-8510 Japan
| | - Takaaki Saito
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University 4-3-16 Yonezawa Yamagata 992-8510 Japan
| | - Toshihiko Arita
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Akito Masuhara
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University 4-3-16 Yonezawa Yamagata 992-8510 Japan
- Frontier Center for Organic Materials (FROM), Yamagata University 4-3-16 Jonan Yonezawa Yamagata 992-8510 Japan
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13
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Ma S, Hou Y, Hao J, Lin C, Zhao J, Sui X. Well-Defined Nanostructures by Block Copolymers and Mass Transport Applications in Energy Conversion. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14214568. [PMID: 36365562 PMCID: PMC9655174 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
With the speedy progress in the research of nanomaterials, self-assembly technology has captured the high-profile interest of researchers because of its simplicity and ease of spontaneous formation of a stable ordered aggregation system. The self-assembly of block copolymers can be precisely regulated at the nanoscale to overcome the physical limits of conventional processing techniques. This bottom-up assembly strategy is simple, easy to control, and associated with high density and high order, which is of great significance for mass transportation through membrane materials. In this review, to investigate the regulation of block copolymer self-assembly structures, we systematically explored the factors that affect the self-assembly nanostructure. After discussing the formation of nanostructures of diverse block copolymers, this review highlights block copolymer-based mass transport membranes, which play the role of “energy enhancers” in concentration cells, fuel cells, and rechargeable batteries. We firmly believe that the introduction of block copolymers can facilitate the novel energy conversion to an entirely new plateau, and the research can inform a new generation of block copolymers for more promotion and improvement in new energy applications.
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Primachenko ON, Kulvelis YV, Odinokov AS, Glebova NV, Krasnova AO, Antokolskiy LA, Nechitailov AA, Shvidchenko AV, Gofman IV, Marinenko EA, Yevlampieva NP, Lebedev VT, Kuklin AI. New Generation of Compositional Aquivion ®-Type Membranes with Nanodiamonds for Hydrogen Fuel Cells: Design and Performance. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:827. [PMID: 36135846 PMCID: PMC9504429 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12090827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Compositional proton-conducting membranes based on perfluorinated Aquivion®-type copolymers modified by detonation nanodiamonds (DND) with positively charged surfaces were prepared to improve the performance of hydrogen fuel cells. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments demonstrated the fine structure in such membranes filled with DND (0-5 wt.%), where the conducting channels typical for Aquivion® membranes are mostly preserved while DND particles (4-5 nm in size) decorated the polymer domains on a submicron scale, according to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) data. With the increase in DND content (0, 0.5, and 2.6 wt.%) the thermogravimetric analysis, potentiometry, potentiodynamic, and potentiotatic curves showed a stabilizing effect of the DNDs on the operational characteristics of the membranes. Membrane-electrode assemblies (MEA), working in the O2/H2 system with the membranes of different compositions, demonstrated improved functional properties of the modified membranes, such as larger operational stability, lower proton resistance, and higher current densities at elevated temperatures in the extended temperature range (22-120 °C) compared to pure membranes without additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg N. Primachenko
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yuri V. Kulvelis
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B. P. Konstantinov of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Gatchina, Russia
| | - Alexei S. Odinokov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Russian Research Center of Applied Chemistry, 193232 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Iosif V. Gofman
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena A. Marinenko
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Vasily T. Lebedev
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B. P. Konstantinov of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Gatchina, Russia
| | - Alexander I. Kuklin
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
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15
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Investigating the performance of functionalized and pristine graphene oxide impregnated Nexar™ nanocomposite membranes for PEM fuel cell. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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16
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Jia Y, Yang D, Zhang L, Shi Y, Xie J, Lei F, Fan L. Ionic conductivity enhancement achieved by binder in electrodes and its influence in supercapacitor. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jia
- Shanghai University School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Dan Yang
- Tongji University School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shanghai University School of Materials and Science 99 Shangda Road 200444 Shanghai CHINA
| | - Ying Shi
- Shanghai University School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Jianjun Xie
- Shanghai University School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Fang Lei
- Shanghai University School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Lingcong Fan
- Shanghai University School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
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17
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TiO 2 Containing Hybrid Composite Polymer Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14081617. [PMID: 35458366 PMCID: PMC9026947 DOI: 10.3390/polym14081617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB) have captured immense attraction in electrochemical energy storage systems due to their long cycle life, flexibility, high-energy efficiency, time, and reliability. In VRFB, polymer membranes play a significant role in transporting protons for current transmission and act as barriers between positive and negative electrodes/electrolytes. Commercial polymer membranes (such as Nafion) are the widely used IEM in VRFBs due to their outstanding chemical stability and proton conductivity. However, the membrane cost and increased vanadium ions permeability limit its commercial application. Therefore, various modified perfluorinated and non-perfluorinated membranes have been developed. This comprehensive review primarily focuses on recent developments of hybrid polymer composite membranes with inorganic TiO2 nanofillers for VRFB applications. Hence, various fabrications are performed in the membrane with TiO2 to alter their physicochemical properties for attaining perfect IEM. Additionally, embedding the -SO3H groups by sulfonation on the nanofiller surface enhances membrane proton conductivity and mechanical strength. Incorporating TiO2 and modified TiO2 (sTiO2, and organic silica modified TiO2) into Nafion and other non-perfluorinated membranes (sPEEK and sPI) has effectively influenced the polymer membrane properties for better VRFB performances. This review provides an overall spotlight on the impact of TiO2-based nanofillers in polymer matrix for VRFB applications.
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18
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Numerical Investigation and Optimization of Cooling Flow Field Design for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15072609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
High temperatures and non-uniform temperatures both have a negative bearing on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The temperature of proton exchange membrane fuel cells can be lowered by reasonably distributed cooling channels. The flow field distribution of five different cooling plates is designed, and the temperature uniformity, pressure drop and velocity of each cooling flow field are analyzed by computational fluid dynamics technology. The results show that while the pressure drop is high, the flow channel distribution of a multi-spiral flow field and honeycomb structure flow field contribute more to improving the temperature uniformity. As the coolant is blocked by the uniform plate, it is found that although the flow field channel with a uniform plate has poor performance in terms of temperature uniformity, its heat dissipation capacity is still better than that of the traditional serpentine flow field. The multi-spiral flow field has the strongest ability to maintain the temperature stability in the cooling plate when the heat flux increases. The increase in Reynolds number, although increasing the pressure drop, can reduce the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the flow field, ameliorate the temperature uniformity and improve the heat transfer capacity of the cooling plate.
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19
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High Performance and Self-Humidifying of Novel Cross-Linked and Nanocomposite Proton Exchange Membranes Based on Sulfonated Polysulfone. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12050841. [PMID: 35269328 PMCID: PMC8912755 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of inorganic additive or nanoparticles into fluorine-free proton exchange membranes (PEMs) can improve proton conductivity and have considerable effects on the performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Based on the sol–gel method and in situ polycondensation, novel cross-linked PEM and nanocomposite PEMs based on a sulfonated polysulfone (SPSU) matrix were prepared by introducing graphene oxide (GO) polymeric brushes and incorporating Pt-TiO2 nanoparticles into an SPSU matrix, respectively. The results showed that the incorporation of Pt-TiO2 nanoparticles could obviously enhance self-humidifying and thermal stability. In addition, GO polymer brushes fixed on polymeric PEM by forming a cross-linked network structure could not only solve the leakage of inorganic additives during use and compatibility problem with organic polymers, but also significantly improve proton conductivity and reduce methanol permeability of the nanocomposite PEM. Proton conductivity, water uptake and methanol permeability of the nanocomposite PEM can be up to 6.93 mS cm−1, 46.58% and be as low as 1.4157 × 10−6 cm2 s−1, respectively, which represent increases of about 70%, about 22% and a decrease of about 40%, respectively, compared with that of primary SPSU. Therefore, the synergic action of the covalent cross-linking, GO polymer brush and nanoparticles can significantly and simultaneously improve the overall performance of the composite PEM.
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Primachenko ON, Kulvelis YV, Marinenko EA, Gofman IV, Lebedev VT, Kononova SV, Kuklin AI, Ivankov OI, Soloviov DV, Chenneviere A. Orientational uniaxial stretching of proton conducting perfluorinated membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg N. Primachenko
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Yuri V. Kulvelis
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute” Gatchina Russia
| | - Elena A. Marinenko
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Iosif V. Gofman
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Vasily T. Lebedev
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute” Gatchina Russia
| | - Svetlana V. Kononova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Alexander I. Kuklin
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Dolgoprudny Russia
| | - Oleksandr I. Ivankov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna Russia
| | - Dmytro V. Soloviov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna Russia
| | - Alexis Chenneviere
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin UMR12 CEA‐CNRS CEA Saclay Gif sur Yvette Cedex France
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21
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Aziz SB, Abdulwahid RT, F. Z. Kadir M, Ghareeb HO, Ahamad T, Alshehri SM. Design of non-faradaic EDLC from plasticized MC based polymer electrolyte with an energy density close to lead-acid batteries. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Parreño RP, Beltran AB. Hybrid composite of Nafion with surface-modified electrospun polybenzoxazine (PBz) fibers via ozonation as fillers for proton conducting membranes of fuel cells. RSC Adv 2022; 12:9512-9518. [PMID: 35424954 PMCID: PMC8985142 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00830k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nafion was investigated for its compatibility in the preparation of hybrid composites with electrospun Polybenzoxazine (PBz) surface-modified fibers by evaluating the effects on the surface and structure of the composite. A PBz fiber mat was first crosslinked by thermal treatment after electrospinning to enhance the mechanical integrity of the fibers prior to modification. Further surface modification via free radical ozonation was carried out by potentiating oxygen-based functional groups of hydroxyl radicals (–OH) onto fibers' exposed surfaces. The sequential modifications by crosslinking and ozone treatment were evaluated by analyzing surface properties using XPS, ATR-FTIR and water contact angle which determined the enhanced properties of the fibers that were beneficial to the target functionality. Electron spectroscopy confirmed that fibers' surfaces were changed with the new surface chemistry without altering the chemical structure of PBz. The presence of higher oxygen-based functional groups on fibers' surfaces based on the resulting atomic compositions was correlated with the change in surface wettability by becoming hydrophilic with contact angle ranging from 21.27° to 59.83° compared to hydrophobic pristine PBz fibers. This is due to electrophilic aromatic substitution with hydroxyl groups present on the surfaces of the fibers endowed by ozonation. The resulting surface-modified fiber mat was used for the preparation of composites by varying two process parameters, the amount of Nafion dispersion and its homogenization and curing time, which was evaluated for compatibility and interaction as fillers to form hybrid composites. The analyses of SEM images revealed the effects of shorter homogenization and curing time on composites with rougher and wrinkled surfaces shown on the final hybrid composite's structure while decreasing the amount of Nafion at the same homogenization time but longer curing time showed its influence on improvement of compatibility and surface morphology. Nafion compatibility in the preparation of hybrid composites with electrospun Polybenzoxazine (PBz) surface-modified fibers via ozonation by evaluating the effects on the surface and structure of the composite.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo P. Parreño
- Chemicals and Energy Division, Industrial Technology Development Institute (ITDI), Department of Science and Technology (DOST), Taguig 1631, Philippines
- Department of Chemical Engineering, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 1004, Philippines
| | - Arnel B. Beltran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 1004, Philippines
- Center for Engineering and Sustainable Development Research, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 1004, Philippines
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23
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Uchida T, Onishi Y, Goto A. Preparation of highly porous heat‐resistant polybenzoxazole network films and their electrical conductivities. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Uchida
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University Okayama Japan
| | - Yukihisa Onishi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University Okayama Japan
| | - Atsu Goto
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University Okayama Japan
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24
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Liu L, Lu Y, Pu Y, Li N, Hu Z, Chen S. Highly sulfonated carbon nano-onions as an excellent nanofiller for the fabrication of composite proton exchange membranes with enhanced water retention and durability. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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25
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Ma Y, Ren K, Zeng Z, Feng M, Huang Y. Highly selective sulfonated Poly (arylene ether nitrile) composite membranes containing copper phthalocyanine grafted graphene oxide for direct methanol fuel cell. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/09540083211039412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To improve the performances of sulfonated poly (arylene ether nitrile) (SPEN)–based proton exchange membranes (PEMs) in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), the copper phthalocyanine grafted graphene oxide (CP-GO) was successfully prepared via in situ polymerization and subsequently incorporated into SPEN as filler to fabricate a series of SPEN/CP-GO-X (X represents for the mass ratio of CP-GO) composite membranes. The water absorption, swelling ratio, mechanical properties, proton conductivity, and methanol permeability of the membranes were systematically studied. CP-GO possesses good dispersion and compatibility with SPEN matrix, which is propitious to the formation of strong interfacial interactions with the SPEN, so as to provide more efficient transport channels for proton transfer in the composite membranes and significantly improve the proton conductivity of the membranes. Besides, the strong π–π conjugation interactions between CP-GO and SPEN matrix can make the composite membranes more compact, blocking the methanol transfer in the membranes, and significantly reducing the methanol permeability. Consequently, the SPEN/CP-GO-1 composite membrane displayed outstanding tensile strength (58 MPa at 100% RH and 25°C), excellent proton conductivity (0.178 S cm−1 at 60°C), and superior selectivity (5.552 × 105 S·cm−3·s). This study proposed a new method and strategy for the preparation of high performance PEMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaixu Ren
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Ziqiu Zeng
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Mengna Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, P. R. China
| | - Yumin Huang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P. R. China
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26
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Islam MS, Shudo Y, Hayami S. Energy conversion and storage in fuel cells and super-capacitors from chemical modifications of carbon allotropes: State-of-art and prospect. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Saidul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials (IINa), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Yuta Shudo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials (IINa), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- International Research Center for Agricultural and Environmental Biology (IRCAEB) 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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27
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Lettow JH, Yang H, Nealey PF, Rowan SJ. Effect of Graft Molecular Weight and Density on the Mechanical Properties of Polystyrene-Grafted Cellulose Nanocrystal Films. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James H. Lettow
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Han Yang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Paul F. Nealey
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Stuart J. Rowan
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 S Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Chemical and Engineering Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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28
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Jiang S, Sun H, Wang H, Ladewig BP, Yao Z. A comprehensive review on the synthesis and applications of ion exchange membranes. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 282:130817. [PMID: 34091294 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ion exchange membranes (IEMs) are undergoing prosperous development in recent years. More than 30,000 papers which are indexed by Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) have been published on IEMs during the past twenty years (2001-2020). Especially, more than 3000 papers are published in the year of 2020, revealing researchers' great interest in this area. This paper firstly reviews the different types (e.g., cation exchange membrane, anion exchange membrane, proton exchange membrane, bipolar membrane) and electrochemical properties (e.g., permselectivity, electrical resistance/ionic conductivity) of IEMs and the corresponding working principles, followed by membrane synthesis methods, including the common solution casting method. Especially, as a promising future direction, green synthesis is critically discussed. IEMs are extensively applied in various applications, which can be generalized into two big categories, where the water-based category mainly includes electrodialysis, diffusion dialysis and membrane capacitive deionization, while the energy-based category mainly includes reverse electrodialysis, fuel cells, redox flow battery and electrolysis for hydrogen production. These applications are comprehensively discussed in this paper. This review may open new possibilities for the future development of IEMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanxue Jiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; Barrer Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Haishu Sun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Huijiao Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Bradley P Ladewig
- Barrer Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Institute for Micro Process Engineering (IMVT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Zhiliang Yao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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29
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Thiam BG, El Magri A, Vaudreuil S. An overview on the progress and development of modified sulfonated polyether ether ketone membranes for vanadium redox flow battery applications. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/09540083211049317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB) are among the most promising approaches to efficiently store renewable energies. In such battery type, Nafion is commonly used as membrane material but suffers from high vanadium crossover and cost. These drawbacks negatively influence the widespread commercial application of VRFBs. Alternative membrane materials with high performance and low cost are thus being developed to address these shortfalls. Among those, possible materials for the VRFB membrane is sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK), which recently attracted considerable attention due to its low cost, combined with mechanical and chemical stability, and ease of preparation. This review summarizes the research activities related to the development of SPEEK-based membranes for VRFB applications and gives an overview of the properties of PEEK and its sulfonated form. A critical analysis on the challenges of SPEEK-based membranes is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baye Gueye Thiam
- Euromed Polytechnic School, Euromed Research Center, Euromed University of Fes, Fès-Morocco
| | - Anouar El Magri
- Euromed Polytechnic School, Euromed Research Center, Euromed University of Fes, Fès-Morocco
| | - Sébastien Vaudreuil
- Euromed Polytechnic School, Euromed Research Center, Euromed University of Fes, Fès-Morocco
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30
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Li J, Tian X, Xia C, Duan Y, Sun YN, Liu B, Wu L, Ru C, Zhang ST, Zhao C. Construction of Proton Transport Highways Induced by Polarity-Driving in Proton Exchange Membranes to Enhance the Performance of Fuel Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:40673-40684. [PMID: 34410701 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The approach to constructing proton transport channels via direct adjustments, including hydrophilia and analytical acid concentration in hydrophilic domains, has been proved to be circumscribed when encouraging the flatter hydrophilic-hydrophobic microphase separation structures and reducing conductivity activation energy. Here, we propose a constructive solution by regulating the polarity of hydrophobic domains, which indirectly varies the aggregation and connection of hydrophilic ion clusters during membrane formation, enabling orderly self-assembly and homogeneously distributed microphase structures. Accordingly, a series of comb-shaped polymers were synthesized with diversified optimization, and more uniformly distributed ion cluster lattices were subsequently observed using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Simultaneously, combining with density functional theory calculations, we analyzed the mechanism of membrane degradations caused by hydroxyl radical attacks. Experimental results demonstrated that, facilitated by proper molecule polarity, beneficial changes of bond dissociation energy could extend the membrane lifetime more than the protection from side chains near ether bonds, which were deemed to reduce the probability of attacks by the steric effect. With the optimal strategy chosen among various trials, the maximum power density of direct methanol fuel cell and H2/air proton exchange membrane fuel cell was enhanced to 95 and 485 mW cm-2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Li
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xuzhou Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Chunlei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Duan
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Nan Sun
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Binghui Liu
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Liming Wu
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Chunyu Ru
- Powertrain Department, General Institute of FAW, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Chengji Zhao
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Batteries Physics and Technology (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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31
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A Review of Recent Developments and Advanced Applications of High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for PEM Fuel Cells. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14175440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the current status, operating principles, and recent advances in high-temperature polymer electrolyte membranes (HT-PEMs), with a particular focus on the recent developments, technical challenges, and commercial prospects of the HT-PEM fuel cells. A detailed review of the most recent research activities has been covered by this work, with a major focus on the state-of-the-art concepts describing the proton conductivity and degradation mechanisms of HT-PEMs. In addition, the fuel cell performance and the lifetime of HT-PEM fuel cells as a function of operating conditions have been discussed. In addition, the review highlights the important outcomes found in the recent literature about the HT-PEM fuel cell. The main objectives of this review paper are as follows: (1) the latest development of the HT-PEMs, primarily based on polybenzimidazole membranes and (2) the latest development of the fuel cell performance and the lifetime of the HT-PEMs.
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32
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Yuan Q, Du Y, Chao L, Xie Q. Preparation of a uniform thin-film Pd-Au electrocatalyst via electroreduction of a palladium hexacyanoferrate(II)-Au electrodeposit for alkaline oxidation of methanol. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Yurova PA, Malakhova VR, Gerasimova EV, Stenina IA, Yaroslavtsev AB. Nafion/Surface Modified Ceria Hybrid Membranes for Fuel Cell Application. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13152513. [PMID: 34372117 PMCID: PMC8348518 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Low chemical durability of proton exchange membranes is one the main factors limiting their lifetime in fuel cells. Ceria nanoparticles are the most common free radical scavengers. In this work, hybrid membranes based on Nafion-117 membrane and sulfonic or phosphoric acid functionalized ceria synthesized from various precursors were prepared by the in situ method for the first time. Ceria introduction led to a slight decrease in conductivity of hybrid membranes in contact with water. At the same time, conductivity of membranes containing sulfonic acid modified ceria exceeded that of the pristine Nafion-117 membrane at 30% relative humidity (RH). Hydrogen permeability decreased for composite membranes with ceria synthesized from cerium (III) nitrate, which correlates with their water uptake. In hydrogen-air fuel cells, membrane electrode assembly fabricated with the hybrid membrane containing ceria synthesized from cerium (IV) sulfate exhibited a peak power density of 433 mW/cm2 at a current density of 1080 mA/cm2, while operating at 60 °C and 70% RH. It was 1.5 times higher than for the pristine Nafion-117 membrane (287 mW/cm2 at a current density of 714 mA/cm2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina A. Yurova
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (P.A.Y.); (V.R.M.); (I.A.S.)
| | - Viktoria R. Malakhova
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (P.A.Y.); (V.R.M.); (I.A.S.)
- Basic Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Materials Science, National Research University Higher School of Economics, ul. Myasnitskaya 20, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V. Gerasimova
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospect Academician Semenov 1, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia;
| | - Irina A. Stenina
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (P.A.Y.); (V.R.M.); (I.A.S.)
| | - Andrey B. Yaroslavtsev
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (P.A.Y.); (V.R.M.); (I.A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-495-952-2487
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34
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Lettow JH, Kaplan RY, Nealey PF, Rowan SJ. Enhanced Ion Conductivity through Hydrated, Polyelectrolyte-Grafted Cellulose Nanocrystal Films. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James H. Lettow
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Richard Y. Kaplan
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Paul F. Nealey
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Stuart J. Rowan
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 S Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Chemical and Engineering Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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Yasutake H, Islam MS, Rahman MA, Yagyu J, Fukuda M, Shudo Y, Kuroiwa K, Sekine Y, Hayami S. High Proton Conductivity from Titanium Oxide Nanosheets and Their Variation Based on Crystal Phase. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Yasutake
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Md. Saidul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials (IINa), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Mohammad Atiqur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Junya Yagyu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fukuda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Yuta Shudo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Keita Kuroiwa
- Department of Nanoscience, Faculty of Engineering, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sekine
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- Priority Organization for Innovation and Excellence, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555 Japan
| | - Shinya Hayami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials (IINa), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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36
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Current progress in membranes for fuel cells and reverse electrodialysis. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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37
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Fadeeva YA, Shmukler LE, Gruzdev MS, Safonova LP. Imidazolium zwitterion‐based protic ionic liquids: from monomers to polymer membranes. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya A Fadeeva
- Structure and dynamics of molecular and ion‐molecular solutions, G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences Ivanovo Russia
| | - Liudmila E Shmukler
- Structure and dynamics of molecular and ion‐molecular solutions, G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences Ivanovo Russia
| | - Matvey S Gruzdev
- Structure and dynamics of molecular and ion‐molecular solutions, G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences Ivanovo Russia
| | - Liubov P Safonova
- Structure and dynamics of molecular and ion‐molecular solutions, G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences Ivanovo Russia
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38
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Sulfonic acid-functionalized core-shell Fe3O4@carbon microspheres as magnetically recyclable solid acid catalysts. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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39
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Filippov SP, Yaroslavtsev AB. Hydrogen energy: development prospects and materials. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr5014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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40
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Awad S, Abdel‐Hady EE, Mohamed HFM, Elsharkawy YS, Gomaa MM. Non‐fluorinated
PVA
/
SSA
proton exchange membrane studied by positron annihilation technique for fuel cell application. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Somia Awad
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science Minia University P.O. Box 61519 Minia Egypt
- Physics Department Al‐Qunfudah University College, Umm Al‐Qura University Mecca Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam E. Abdel‐Hady
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science Minia University P.O. Box 61519 Minia Egypt
- Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT) of the Arab Republic of Egypt Cairo Egypt
| | - Hamdy F. M. Mohamed
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science Minia University P.O. Box 61519 Minia Egypt
| | - Yehya S. Elsharkawy
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science Minia University P.O. Box 61519 Minia Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. Gomaa
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science Minia University P.O. Box 61519 Minia Egypt
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41
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Escobar-Yonoff R, Maestre-Cambronel D, Charry S, Rincón-Montenegro A, Portnoy I. Performance assessment and economic perspectives of integrated PEM fuel cell and PEM electrolyzer for electric power generation. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06506. [PMID: 33817374 PMCID: PMC8005776 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The study presents a complete one-dimensional model to evaluate the parameters that describe the operation of a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzer and PEM fuel cell. The mathematical modeling is implemented in Matlab/Simulink® software to evaluate the influence of parameters such as temperature, pressure, and overpotentials on the overall performance. The models are further merged into an integrated electrolyzer-fuel cell system for electrical power generation. The operational description of the integrated system focuses on estimating the overall efficiency as a novel indicator. Additionally, the study presents an economic assessment to evaluate the cost-effectiveness based on different economic metrics such as capital cost, electricity cost, and payback period. The parametric analysis showed that as the temperature rises from 30 to 70 °C in both devices, the efficiency is improved between 5-20%. In contrast, pressure differences feature less relevance on the overall performance. Ohmic and activation overpotentials are highlighted for the highest impact on the generated and required voltage. Overall, the current density exhibited an inverse relation with the efficiency of both devices. The economic evaluation revealed that the integrated system can operate at variable load conditions while maintaining an electricity cost between 0.3-0.45 $/kWh. Also, the capital cost can be reduced up to 25% while operating at a low current density and maximum temperature. The payback period varies between 6-10 years for an operational temperature of 70 °C, which reinforces the viability of the system. Overall, hydrogen-powered systems stand as a promising technology to overcome energy transition as they provide robust operation from both energetic and economic viewpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rony Escobar-Yonoff
- KAÍ Research Unit, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8 - 49, Puerto Colombia, Área Metropolitana de Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Daniel Maestre-Cambronel
- KAÍ Research Unit, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8 - 49, Puerto Colombia, Área Metropolitana de Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Sebastián Charry
- KAÍ Research Unit, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8 - 49, Puerto Colombia, Área Metropolitana de Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Adriana Rincón-Montenegro
- Universidad del Norte, Department of Mechanical Engineering, km 5 Antigua vía Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla, Colombia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ivan Portnoy
- Universidad del Norte, Department of Mechanical Engineering, km 5 Antigua vía Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla, Colombia
- Universidad de la Costa, Department of Productivity and Innovation, Calle 58 # 55 – 66, Barranquilla, Colombia
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42
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Branched Sulfonimide-Based Proton Exchange Polymer Membranes from Poly(Phenylenebenzopheneone)s for Fuel Cell Applications. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11030168. [PMID: 33673539 PMCID: PMC7997320 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11030168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Improved proton conductivity and high durability are now a high concern for proton exchange membranes (PEMs). Therefore, highly proton conductive PEMs have been synthesized from branched sulfonimide-based poly(phenylenebenzophenone) (SI-branched PPBP) with excellent thermal and chemical stability. The branched polyphenylene-based carbon-carbon backbones of the SI-branched PPBP membranes were attained from the 1,4-dichloro-2,5-diphenylenebenzophenone (PBP) monomer using 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene as a branching agent (0.1%) via the Ni-Zn catalyzed C-C coupling reaction. The as-synthesized SI-branched PPBP membranes showed 1.00~1.86 meq./g ion exchange capacity (IEC) with unique dimensional stability. The sulfonimide groups of the SI-branched PPBP membranes had improved proton conductivity (75.9-121.88 mS/cm) compared to Nafion 117 (84.74 mS/cm). Oxidation stability by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fenton's test study confirmed the significant properties of the SI-branched PPBP membranes. Additionally, a very distinct microphase separation between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties was observed using atomic force microscopic (AFM) analysis. The properties of the synthesized SI-branched PPBP membranes demonstrate their viability as an alternative PEM material.
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43
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Fadeeva YA, Kuzmin SM, Shmukler LE, Safonova LP. Membranes based on polybenzimidazole and protic ionic liquid: preparation and properties. Russ Chem Bull 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-021-3056-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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44
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Safronova EY, Yaroslavtsev AB. Effect of Ultrasonic Treatment of Nafion® Polymer Solutions on Properties of Membranes Obtained by a Casting Procedure. MEMBRANES AND MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s2517751621010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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45
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Liu B, Hu B, Du J, Cheng D, Zang H, Ge X, Tan H, Wang Y, Duan X, Jin Z, Zhang W, Li Y, Su Z. Precise Molecular‐Level Modification of Nafion with Bismuth Oxide Clusters for High‐performance Proton‐Exchange Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bailing Liu
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
- Jinlin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry Changchun University of Science and Technology Changchun Changchun Jilin 130024 P. R. China
| | - Bo Hu
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
- School of chemistry and pharmaceutical engineering Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology Jinlin 132022 P. R. China
| | - Jing Du
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Dongming Cheng
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Hong‐Ying Zang
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Xin Ge
- Electron Microscopy Center Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Huaqiao Tan
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Xiaozheng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
| | - Zhao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Electron Microscopy Center Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Yangguang Li
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Su
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
- Jinlin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry Changchun University of Science and Technology Changchun Changchun Jilin 130024 P. R. China
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46
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Liu B, Hu B, Du J, Cheng D, Zang HY, Ge X, Tan H, Wang Y, Duan X, Jin Z, Zhang W, Li Y, Su Z. Precise Molecular-Level Modification of Nafion with Bismuth Oxide Clusters for High-performance Proton-Exchange Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6076-6085. [PMID: 33296135 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fabricating proton exchange membranes (PEMs) with high ionic conductivity and ideal mechanical robustness through regulation of the membrane microstructures achieved by molecular-level hybridization remains essential but challenging for the further development of high-performance PEM fuel cells. In this work, by precisely hybridizing nano-scaled bismuth oxide clusters into Nafion, we have fabricated the high-performance hybrid membrane, Nafion-Bi12 -3 %, which showed a proton conductivity of 386 mS cm-1 at 80 °C in aqueous solution with low methanol permeability, and conserved the ideal mechanical and chemical stabilities as PEMs. Moreover, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was employed to clarify the structural properties and the assembly mechanisms of the hybrid membrane on the molecular level. The maximum current density and power density of Nafion-Bi12 -3 % for direct methanol fuel cells reached to 432.7 mA cm-2 and 110.2 mW cm-2 , respectively. This work provides new insights into the design of versatile functional polymer electrolyte membranes through polyoxometalate hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailing Liu
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
- Jinlin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun University of Science and Technology Changchun, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Bo Hu
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
- School of chemistry and pharmaceutical engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jinlin, 132022, P. R. China
| | - Jing Du
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Dongming Cheng
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Ying Zang
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xin Ge
- Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Huaqiao Tan
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozheng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yangguang Li
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Su
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalys, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
- Jinlin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Changchun University of Science and Technology Changchun, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, P. R. China
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Sutradhar SC, Yoon S, Ryu T, Jin L, Zhang W, Jang H, Kim W. Sulfonyl Imide Acid-Functionalized Membranes via Ni (0) Catalyzed Carbon-Carbon Coupling Polymerization for Fuel Cells. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:49. [PMID: 33445796 PMCID: PMC7828272 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Polymer membranes, having improved conductivity with enhanced thermal and chemical stability, are desirable for proton exchange membranes fuel cell application. Hence, poly(benzophenone)s membranes (SI-PBP) containing super gas-phase acidic sulfonyl imide groups have been prepared from 2,5-dichlorobenzophenone (DCBP) monomer by C-C coupling polymerization using Ni (0) catalyst. The entirely aromatic C-C coupled polymer backbones of the SI-PBP membranes provide exceptional dimensional stability with rational ion exchange capacity (IEC) from 1.85 to 2.30 mS/cm. The as-synthesized SI-PBP membranes provide enhanced proton conductivity (107.07 mS/cm) compared to Nafion 211® (104.5 mS/cm). The notable thermal and chemical stability of the SI-PBP membranes have been assessed by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fenton's test, respectively. The well distinct surface morphology of the SI-PBP membranes has been confirmed by the atomic force microscopy (AFM). These results of SI-PBP membranes comply with all the requirements for fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabuj Chandra Sutradhar
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (S.C.S.); (S.Y.); (T.R.); (L.J.); (W.Z.)
| | - Sujin Yoon
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (S.C.S.); (S.Y.); (T.R.); (L.J.); (W.Z.)
| | - Taewook Ryu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (S.C.S.); (S.Y.); (T.R.); (L.J.); (W.Z.)
| | - Lei Jin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (S.C.S.); (S.Y.); (T.R.); (L.J.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (S.C.S.); (S.Y.); (T.R.); (L.J.); (W.Z.)
| | - Hohyoun Jang
- Department of Liberal Art, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea;
| | - Whangi Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (S.C.S.); (S.Y.); (T.R.); (L.J.); (W.Z.)
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Temperature resistant cross-linked brominated poly phenylene oxide-functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposite anion exchange membrane for desalination. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Koyilapu R, Subhadarshini S, Singha S, Jana T. An in-situ RAFT polymerization technique for the preparation of poly(N-vinyl imidazole) modified Cloisite nanoclay to develop nanocomposite PEM. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kim GH, Kim D, Kim J, Kim H, Park T. Impact of cracked gas diffusion layer on performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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