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Gallagher M, Ramirez A, Geden CJ, Stoffolano JG. Rescuing the Inhibitory Effect of the Salivary Gland Hypertrophy Virus of Musca domestica on Mating Behavior. INSECTS 2023; 14:insects14050416. [PMID: 37233044 DOI: 10.3390/insects14050416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Infection with salivary gland hypertrophy virus (MdSGHV) of Musca domestica prevents female flies from accepting copulation attempts by healthy or virus-infected males. This study focused on supplemental hormonal rescue therapy for mating behavior in virus-infected female house flies. The inhibitory effect of the virus on mating behavior in females injected with MdSGHV was reversed by hormonal therapy in the form of octopamine injections, topical application of methoprene, or both therapies combined along with 20-hydroxyecdysone. Infected females whose mating responsiveness had been restored continued to have other viral pathologies associated with infection such as hypertrophy of the salivary glands and a lack of ovarian development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Gallagher
- Neuroscience Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Arianna Ramirez
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Christopher J Geden
- Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - John G Stoffolano
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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2
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Liu K, Yuan L, Yue L, Chen W, Kang K, Lv J, Zhang W, Pang R. Population density modulates insect progenitive plasticity through the regulation of dopamine biosynthesis. INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 29:1773-1789. [PMID: 35230747 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Insect fecundity is a quantitative phenotype strongly affected by genotypes and the environment. However, interactions between genotypes and environmental factors in modulating insect fecundity remain largely unknown. This study investigated the impact of population density on the fecundity of Nilaparvata lugens (brown planthopper; BPH) carrying homozygous high- (HFG) or low- (LFG) fecundity homozygous genotypes. Under low population densities, the fecundity and population growth rate of both genotypes showed similar increasing trends across generations, while the trends between HFG and LFG under high population densities were opposite. Through a combination of temporal analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analyses on RNA-seq data of HFG and LFG under low and high population densities in the 1st, 3rd, and 5th generations, we identified 2 gene modules that were associated with these density-dependent progenitive phenotypes. Four pathways related to the neural system were simultaneously enriched by the 2 gene modules. Furthermore, Nlpale, which encodes a tyrosine hydroxylase, was identified as a key gene. The RNA interference of this gene and manipulation of its downstream product dopamine significantly affected the basic and density-dependent progenitive phenotypes of BPH. These findings indicated that dopamine biosynthesis is the key regulatory factor that determines fecundity in response to density changes in different BPH genotypes. Thus, this study provides insights into the interaction of a typical environmental factor and insect genotype during the process of population regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longyu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kui Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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3
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Yang L, Yao X, Liu B, Han Y, Ji R, Ju J, Zhang X, Wu S, Fang J, Sun Y. Caterpillar-Induced Rice Volatile (E)-β-Farnesene Impairs the Development and Survival of Chilo suppressalis Larvae by Disrupting Insect Hormone Balance. Front Physiol 2022; 13:904482. [PMID: 35711319 PMCID: PMC9196309 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.904482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant research progress has recently been made on establishing the roles of tps46 in rice defense. (E)-β-farnesene (Eβf) is a major product of tps46 activity but its physiological functions and potential mechanisms against Chilo suppressalis have not yet been clarified. In the present study, C. suppressalis larvae were artificially fed a diet containing 0.8 g/kg Eβf and the physiological performance of the larvae was evaluated. In response to Eβf treatment, the average 2nd instar duration significantly increased from 4.78 d to 6.31 d while that of the 3rd instar significantly increased from 5.70 d to 8.00 d compared with the control. There were no significant differences between the control and Eβf-fed 4th and 5th instars in terms of their durations. The mortalities of the 2nd and 3rd Eβf-fed instars were 21.00-fold and 6.39-fold higher, respectively, than that of the control. A comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that multiple differentially expressed genes are involved in insect hormone biosynthesis. An insect hormone assay on the 3rd instars disclosed that Eβf disrupted the balance between the juvenile hormone and ecdysteroid levels. Eβf treatment increased the juvenile hormones titers but not those of the ecdysteroids. The qPCR results were consistent with those of the RNA-Seq. The foregoing findings suggested that Eβf impairs development and survival in C. suppressalis larvae by disrupting their hormone balance. Moreover, Eβf altered the pathways associated with carbohydrate and xenobiotic metabolism as well as those related to cofactors and vitamins in C. suppressalis larvae. The discoveries of this study may contribute to the development and implementation of an integrated control system for C. suppressalis infestations in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaomin Yao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baosheng Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, Nanjing, China
| | - Yangchun Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiafei Ju
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuwen Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jichao Fang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, Nanjing, China.,Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
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4
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Atli E. The effects of ethylparaben and propylparaben on the development and fecundity of Drosophila melanogaster. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 92:103856. [PMID: 35342011 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Parabens are widely used as preservatives in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food products. Ethylparaben (EP) and propylparaben (PP) are particularly preferred because of their bactericidal and fungicidal effects. Although generally described as safe compounds, many studies have reported that parabens have estrogenic and endocrine-disrupting properties. In the present study, the effects of EP and PP (50 mM, 100 mM and 200 mM) on Drosophila melanogaster development and fecundity were investigated. No differences were found in the pupation and maturation percentages in all concentrations of parabens (p > 0.05). However, it was found that the mean pupation and maturation times increased in all treatment groups (p < 0.05). A statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the number of offspring of the 200 mM ethylparaben exposure group was observed. In all paraben groups, a significant reduction in mean fecundity was found compared to the control group (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Atli
- Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Education, Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University, Nevsehir 50300, Turkey.
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5
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Fagan S, Ramirez A, Serdy S, Stoffolano JG. Involvement of Follicular Patency in the Ovarian Developmental Block in Virus-infected, MdSGHV, House Flies, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:795-799. [PMID: 34791321 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Musca domestica salivary gland hypertrophy virus (MdSGHV) is known to have marked effects on the female Musca domestica L. (or common house fly) reproductive system, particularly regarding the size and functionality of the ovaries. Examination of the terminal ovarian follicles can help determine if and how MdSGHV mechanistically causes the block in ovarian development. In this study, terminal ovarian follicle lengths were measured and monitored for patency using Trypan blue dye staining. We examined the effect of MdSGHV infection on female house fly ovarian follicles and attempted to rescue the diminished ovarian follicles in MdSGHV-infected house flies through the application of a hormonal treatment (i.e., methoprene). Comparison of patency in control saline-injected females, virus-injected females with no methoprene application, and virus-injected females with topical methoprene application revealed that none of the virus-infected flies showed an increase in terminal follicular length beyond stage 3 follicles (staging according to Adams 1974). Additionally, none showed evidence of patency. In control, saline-injected females, we found the threshold length of the terminal follicles for the onset of patency to be 600 µm. When examined at 48, 72, and 96 h post-eclosion, average follicle length for infected females seldom reached 250 µm and they also failed to display patency. Thus, the virus is somehow involved in shutting down the mechanism involved in follicular patency. The lack of patency in infected follicles may also be one of the determining factors preventing vertical transmission of the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawheen Fagan
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Arianna Ramirez
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Sara Serdy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - John G Stoffolano
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
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6
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Nässel DR, Zandawala M. Hormonal axes in Drosophila: regulation of hormone release and multiplicity of actions. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 382:233-266. [PMID: 32827072 PMCID: PMC7584566 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03264-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hormones regulate development, as well as many vital processes in the daily life of an animal. Many of these hormones are peptides that act at a higher hierarchical level in the animal with roles as organizers that globally orchestrate metabolism, physiology and behavior. Peptide hormones can act on multiple peripheral targets and simultaneously convey basal states, such as metabolic status and sleep-awake or arousal across many central neuronal circuits. Thereby, they coordinate responses to changing internal and external environments. The activity of neurosecretory cells is controlled either by (1) cell autonomous sensors, or (2) by other neurons that relay signals from sensors in peripheral tissues and (3) by feedback from target cells. Thus, a hormonal signaling axis commonly comprises several components. In mammals and other vertebrates, several hormonal axes are known, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis or the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis that regulate reproduction and metabolism, respectively. It has been proposed that the basic organization of such hormonal axes is evolutionarily old and that cellular homologs of the hypothalamic-pituitary system can be found for instance in insects. To obtain an appreciation of the similarities between insect and vertebrate neurosecretory axes, we review the organization of neurosecretory cell systems in Drosophila. Our review outlines the major peptidergic hormonal pathways known in Drosophila and presents a set of schemes of hormonal axes and orchestrating peptidergic systems. The detailed organization of the larval and adult Drosophila neurosecretory systems displays only very basic similarities to those in other arthropods and vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dick R. Nässel
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Meet Zandawala
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI USA
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7
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Zhu S, Wu G, Gu L, Sun Y, Zhang L, Huang Y, Lyu K, Yang Z. Antidepressant sertraline impairs the induced morphological defense of Ceriodaphnia cornuta in response to Chaoborus larvae kairomone. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115092. [PMID: 32650302 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Antidepressants discharged into natural waters are likely to become a new type of endocrine pollutant, which may impact the interspecific relationship in aquatic ecosystem. Induced defense of cladocerans plays an important role in maintaining the balance of interspecific relationships between cladocerans and higher trophic levels. Here we studied the effects of antidepressant sertraline, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, on the induced defensive traits of Ceriodaphnia cornuta in response to invertebrate predator Chaoborus larvae kairomone, including morphological defense and life history traits. We also conducted the predation experiments to check the selection rate of Chaoborus larvae during directly ingesting C. cornuta that were exposed to Chaoborus larvae kairomone at high concentration of sertraline. Results showed sertraline had an interference effect on the induced morphological defense of C. cornuta in response to Chaoborus larvae kairomone, i.e. the high concentration of sertraline (20 and 100 μg L-1) significantly reduced the horns induction. However, the different concentrations of sertraline generally did not affect the life history traits of C. cornuta, regardless of presence or absence of Chaoborus larvae kairomone. The predation experiment demonstrated that the inhibition of sertraline on the induced morphological defense of C. cornuta can promote the feeding selective efficiency of Chaoborus larvae, and thus cause C. cornuta easily to be predated by Chaoborus larvae. Our results suggested that sertraline at the concentrations that are not direct harmful to life history traits of C. cornuta can seriously affect the predator-prey relationship, indicating that effects of pollutants on interspecific relationships should be considered comprehensively to avoid underestimating the potential risk of pollutants to ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Guangjin Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Kai Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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8
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Aonuma H. Serotonergic control in initiating defensive responses to unexpected tactile stimuli in the trap-jaw ant Odontomachus kuroiwae. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb228874. [PMID: 32895325 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.228874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The decision to express either a defensive response or an escape response to a potential threat is crucial for insects to survive. This study investigated an aminergic mechanism underlying defensive responses to unexpected touch in an ant that has powerful mandibles, the so-called trap-jaw. The mandibles close extremely quickly and are used as a weapon during hunting. Tactile stimulation to the abdomen elicited quick forward movements in a dart escape in 90% of the ants in a colony. Less than 10% of the ants responded with a quick defensive turn towards the source of stimulation. To reveal the neuronal mechanisms underlying this defensive behavior, the effect of brain biogenic amines on the responses to tactile stimuli were investigated. The levels of octopamine (OA), dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5HT) in the brain were significantly elevated in ants that responded with a defensive turn to the unexpected stimulus compared with ants that responded with a dart escape. Oral administration of DA and 5HT demonstrated that both amines contributed to the initiation of a defensive response. Oral administration of l-DOPA weakly affected the initiation of the defensive turn, while 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan (5HTP) strongly affected the initiation of defensive behavior. Oral administration of ketanserin, a 5HT antagonist, inhibited the initiation of the defensive turn in aggressive workers, abolishing the effects of both 5HT and 5HTP on the initiation of turn responses. These results indicate that 5HTergic control in the nervous system is a key for the initiation of defensive behavior in the trap-jaw ant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Aonuma
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
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9
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Petruccelli E, Lark A, Mrkvicka JA, Kitamoto T. Significance of DopEcR, a G-protein coupled dopamine/ecdysteroid receptor, in physiological and behavioral response to stressors. J Neurogenet 2020; 34:55-68. [PMID: 31955616 PMCID: PMC7717672 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2019.1710144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Organisms respond to various environmental stressors by modulating physiology and behavior to maintain homeostasis. Steroids and catecholamines are involved in the highly conserved signaling pathways crucial for mounting molecular and cellular events that ensure immediate or long-term survival under stress conditions. The insect dopamine/ecdysteroid receptor (DopEcR) is a dual G-protein coupled receptor for the catecholamine dopamine and the steroid hormone ecdysone. DopEcR acts in a ligand-dependent manner, mediating dopaminergic signaling and unconventional "nongenomic" ecdysteroid actions through various intracellular signaling pathways. This unique feature of DopEcR raises the interesting possibility that DopEcR may serve as an integrative hub for complex molecular cascades activated under stress conditions. Here, we review previously published studies of Drosophila DopEcR in the context of stress response and also present newly discovered DopEcR loss-of-function phenotypes under different stress conditions. These findings provide corroborating evidence that DopEcR plays vital roles in responses to various stressors, including heat, starvation, alcohol, courtship rejection, and repeated neuronal stimulation in Drosophila. We further discuss what is known about DopEcR in other insects and DopEcR orthologs in mammals, implicating their roles in stress responses. Overall, this review highlights the importance of dual GPCRs for catecholamines and steroids in modulating physiology and behavior under stress conditions. Further multidisciplinary studies of Drosophila DopEcR will contribute to our basic understanding of the functional roles and underlying mechanisms of this class of GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Petruccelli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, USA
| | - Arianna Lark
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - James A Mrkvicka
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Toshihiro Kitamoto
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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10
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Gao B, Song XQ, Yu H, Fu DY, Xu J, Ye H. Mating-Induced Differential Expression in Genes Related to Reproduction and Immunity in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Female Moths. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2020; 20:10. [PMID: 32092133 PMCID: PMC7039226 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieaa003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mating promotes reproductive activity, which may impact immune performance. Paradoxically, mating frequently challenges females' immunity (e.g., infections). Therefore, studies of postmating resource allocation between reproduction and survival are likely to shed new light on life-history trade-off and sexual selection. Here, we used RNAseq to test whether and how mating affected mRNA expression in genes related to reproduction and immunity in Spodoptera litura female moths. Results show a divergent change in the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between reproduction and immunity: the immune response was largely downregulated shortly after mating (~6 h postmating), which has some recovery at 24 h postmating; reproductive response is trivial shortly after mating (~6 h postmating), but it largely upregulated at 24 h postmating (e.g., egg maturation related genes were highly upregulated). Considering the fact that most of the total DEGs downregulated from 0 to 6 h postmating (from 51/68 to 214/260) but most of the total DEGs upregulated at 24 h postmating (816/928), it is possible that trade-offs between reproduction and immunity occurred in mated females. For example, they may shut down immunity to favor sperm storage and save limited resources to support the increased energy required in reproduction (e.g., egg maturation and oviposition). Mating-induced infections should be trivial due to low polyandry in S. litura. A reduced immune defense may have no threat to S. litura survival but may benefit reproduction significantly. Furthermore, obvious expression changes were detected in genes related to hormone production, suggesting that endocrine changes could play important roles in postmating responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Song
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Da-Ying Fu
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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11
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Noskov YA, Polenogova OV, Yaroslavtseva ON, Belevich OE, Yurchenko YA, Chertkova EA, Kryukova NA, Kryukov VY, Glupov VV. Combined effect of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii and avermectins on the survival and immune response of Aedes aegypti larvae. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7931. [PMID: 31667017 PMCID: PMC6816395 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination of insect pathogenic fungi and microbial metabolites is a prospective method for mosquito control. The effect of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii J.F. Bischoff, S.A. Rehner & Humber and avermectins on the survival and physiological parameters of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) larvae (dopamine concentration, glutathione S-transferase (GST), nonspecific esterases (EST), acid proteases, lysozyme-like, phenoloxidase (PO) activities) was studied. It is shown that the combination of these agents leads to a synergistic effect on mosquito mortality. Colonization of Ae. aegypti larvae by hyphal bodies following water inoculation with conidia is shown for the first time. The larvae affected by fungi are characterized by a decrease in PO and dopamine levels. In the initial stages of toxicosis and/or fungal infection (12 h posttreatment), increases in the activity of insect detoxifying enzymes (GST and EST) and acid proteases are observed after monotreatments, and these increases are suppressed after combined treatment with the fungus and avermectins. Lysozyme-like activity is also most strongly suppressed under combined treatment with the fungus and avermectins in the early stages posttreatment (12 h). Forty-eight hours posttreatment, we observe increases in GST, EST, acid proteases, and lysozyme-like activities under the influence of the fungus and/or avermectins. The larvae affected by avermectins accumulate lower levels of conidia than avermectin-free larvae. On the other hand, a burst of bacterial CFUs is observed under treatment with both the fungus and avermectins. We suggest that disturbance of the responses of the immune and detoxifying systems under the combined treatment and the development of opportunistic bacteria may be among the causes of the synergistic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy A Noskov
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Olga V Polenogova
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga N Yaroslavtseva
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga E Belevich
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yuriy A Yurchenko
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Chertkova
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Natalya A Kryukova
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vadim Yu Kryukov
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Viktor V Glupov
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Molecular, histological and ultrastructural characterization of cytotoxic effects of amitraz on the ovaries of engorged females of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus. Exp Parasitol 2019; 204:107732. [PMID: 31374184 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2019.107732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the cytotoxic effects of amitraz, an octopamine receptor agonist on the reproductive system of engorged adult females of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus were assessed using histology, electron microscopy and octopamine beta (OCTβ) receptor transcriptional expression analysis. Adult immersion test (AIT) was performed by immersing the fully engorged female ticks for 2 min in different concentrations of amitraz (200, 250, 300, 350 ppm). Amitraz at the dose of 300 ppm, caused an adult tick mortality of 16.66 ± 6.80 per cent, inhibition of fecundity of 75.80 per cent and hatching of 50 per cent of ova laid by treated ticks. Histological changes in the ovaries of ticks collected after 24 h of treatment with amitraz (300 ppm), in comparison with controls (distilled water/methanol) were identified by microscopical examination of sections (4 μm) stained using haematoxylin and eosin. These changes included reduction in size and basophilia of stage I oocytes, presence of cytoplasmic vacuoles of various sizes around germinal vesicle of stage II oocytes, wavy basement membrane of stage III oocytes and reduction in size and number of mature stage IV and V oocytes. Electron microscopy was employed for understanding the structural changes in the ultrathin sections (60 nm) of ovaries. Ticks treated with amitraz showed major ultrastructural changes such as irregular nuclear membrane, crystolysis of mitochondria and detachment of external and internal layers of basal lamina of oocytes. The cDNA synthesized from the total RNA of whole ticks and ovaries of ticks treated with amitraz along with controls were used for relative quantification of Octopamine β receptor (OCTβ-R) expression based on the 2-ΔΔCT method by quantitative real time PCR (qRT PCR). Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used as endogenous control. Down regulation of expression of OCTβ-R mRNA in the ovaries of amitraz treated ticks was observed compared to controls. Thus, the inhibition of fecundity observed in the ticks treated with amitraz can be attributed to the major structural changes and decreased expression of OCT β receptor mRNA induced by it in the ovary.
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Bednarek AW, Sawadro MK, Nicewicz Ł, Babczyńska AI. Vitellogenins in the spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum - expression profile and putative hormonal regulation of vitellogenesis. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2019; 19:4. [PMID: 30849941 PMCID: PMC6408786 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-019-0184-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge about vitellogenesis in spiders is rudimentary. Therefore, the aim of study was to check the vitellogenin (Vg) presence in various tissues of the female spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum, determine when and where vitellogenesis starts and takes place, and the putative role of selected hormones in the vitellogenesis. RESULTS Here we show two genes encoding Vg (PtVg4 and PtVg6) in the genome of the spider P. tepidariorum. One gene PtVg4 and three subunits of Vg (250 kDa, 47 kDa and 30 kDa) are expressed in the midgut glands, ovaries and hemolymph. Heterosynthesis of the Vg in the midgut glands and autosynthesis in the ovaries were observed. Vitellogenesis begins in the last nymphal stage in the midgut glands (heterosynthesis). However, after sexual maturity is reached, Vg is also synthesized in the ovaries (autosynthesis). Changes in the PtVg4 expression level and in the Vg concentration after treatment with 20-hydroxyecdysone, a juvenile hormone analog (fenoxycarb) and an antijuvenoid compound (precocene I) were observed. Therefore, we propose a hypothetical model for the hormonal regulation of vitellogenesis in P. tepidariorum. CONCLUSIONS Our results are the first comprehensive study on spider vitellogenesis. In our opinion, this work will open discussion on the evolutionary context of possible similarities in the hormonal control of vitellogenesis between P. tepidariorum and other arthropods as well as their consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata W. Bednarek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, PL40007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marta K. Sawadro
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, PL40007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Łukasz Nicewicz
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, PL40007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka I. Babczyńska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, PL40007 Katowice, Poland
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Barik BK, Mishra M. Nanoparticles as a potential teratogen: a lesson learnt from fruit fly. Nanotoxicology 2018; 13:258-284. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1530393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bedanta Kumar Barik
- Neural Developmental Biology Lab, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Monalisa Mishra
- Neural Developmental Biology Lab, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
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15
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Burdina EV, Adonyeva NV, Gruntenko NE, Rauschenbach IY. The Effects of Stress-Related Hormones on the Stress Resistance in Drosophila melanogaster Carrying Mutation in the Dilp6 Gene. RUSS J GENET+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795418020060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Stress-induced reproductive arrest in Drosophila occurs through ETH deficiency-mediated suppression of oogenesis and ovulation. BMC Biol 2018; 16:18. [PMID: 29382341 PMCID: PMC5791332 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-018-0484-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental stressors induce changes in endocrine state, leading to energy re-allocation from reproduction to survival. Female Drosophila melanogaster respond to thermal and nutrient stressors by arresting egg production through elevation of the steroid hormone ecdysone. However, the mechanisms through which this reproductive arrest occurs are not well understood. RESULTS Here we report that stress-induced elevation of ecdysone is accompanied by decreased levels of ecdysis triggering hormone (ETH). Depressed levels of circulating ETH lead to attenuated activity of its targets, including juvenile hormone-producing corpus allatum and, as we describe here for the first time, octopaminergic neurons of the oviduct. Elevation of steroid thereby results in arrested oogenesis, reduced octopaminergic input to the reproductive tract, and consequent suppression of ovulation. ETH mitigates heat or nutritional stress-induced attenuation of fecundity, which suggests that its deficiency is critical to reproductive adaptability. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that, as a dual regulator of octopamine and juvenile hormone release, ETH provides a link between stress-induced elevation of ecdysone levels and consequent reduction in fecundity.
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Zhukovskaya MI, Polyanovsky AD. Biogenic Amines in Insect Antennae. Front Syst Neurosci 2017; 11:45. [PMID: 28701930 PMCID: PMC5487433 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2017.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect antenna is a multisensory organ, each modality of which can be modulated by biogenic amines. Octopamine (OA) and its metabolic precursor tyramine (TA) affect activity of antennal olfactory receptor neurons. There is some evidence that dopamine (DA) modulates gustatory neurons. Serotonin can serve as a neurotransmitter in some afferent mechanosensory neurons and both as a neurotransmitter and neurohormone in efferent fibers targeted at the antennal vessel and mechanosensory organs. As a neurohormone, serotonin affects the generation of the transepithelial potential by sensillar accessory cells. Other possible targets of biogenic amines in insect antennae are hygro- and thermosensory neurons and epithelial cells. We suggest that the insect antenna is partially autonomous in the sense that biologically active substances entering its hemolymph may exert their effects and be cleared from this compartment without affecting other body parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna I Zhukovskaya
- Laboratory of Evolution of Sense Organs, Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology, Russian Academy of SciencesSaint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey D Polyanovsky
- Laboratory of Evolution of Sense Organs, Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology, Russian Academy of SciencesSaint Petersburg, Russia
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Weiss LC, Leese F, Laforsch C, Tollrian R. Dopamine is a key regulator in the signalling pathway underlying predator-induced defences in Daphnia. Proc Biol Sci 2016; 282:20151440. [PMID: 26423840 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.1440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The waterflea Daphnia is a model to investigate the genetic basis of phenotypic plasticity resulting from one differentially expressed genome. Daphnia develops adaptive phenotypes (e.g. morphological defences) thwarting predators, based on chemical predator cue perception. To understand the genomic basis of phenotypic plasticity, the description of the precedent cellular and neuronal mechanisms is fundamental. However, key regulators remain unknown. All neuronal and endocrine stimulants were able to modulate but not induce defences, indicating a pathway of interlinked steps. A candidate able to link neuronal with endocrine responses is the multi-functional amine dopamine. We here tested its involvement in trait formation in Daphnia pulex and Daphnia longicephala using an induction assay composed of predator cues combined with dopaminergic and cholinergic stimulants. The mere application of both stimulants was sufficient to induce morphological defences. We determined dopamine localization in cells found in close association with the defensive trait. These cells serve as centres controlling divergent morphologies. As a mitogen and sclerotization agent, we anticipate that dopamine is involved in proliferation and structural formation of morphological defences. Furthermore, dopamine pathways appear to be interconnected with endocrine pathways, and control juvenile hormone and ecdysone levels. In conclusion, dopamine is suggested as a key regulator of phenotypic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda C Weiss
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, Bochum 44801, Germany Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B18 2TT, UK
| | - Florian Leese
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, Bochum 44801, Germany Aquatic Ecosystem Research Group, University of Duisburg and Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Christian Laforsch
- Aquatic Ecosystem Research Group, University of Duisburg and Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, Essen 45141, Germany Department of Animal Ecology I, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, Bayreuth 95447, Germany
| | - Ralph Tollrian
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, Bochum 44801, Germany
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19
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Bai H, Palli SR. Identification of G protein-coupled receptors required for vitellogenin uptake into the oocytes of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27648. [PMID: 27277501 PMCID: PMC4899757 DOI: 10.1038/srep27648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that a membrane receptor might be involved in mediating vitellogenin (Vg) uptake and juvenile hormone (JH)-regulated remodeling of follicular epithelium (also called 'patency'). G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family is one of the largest membrane receptor protein families and controls many key physiological processes. To investigate the role of GPCRs in insect reproduction and juvenile hormone-regulated Vg uptake, we performed a comprehensive RNA interference (RNAi) screen targeting GPCRs in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Out of 112 GPCRs tested, knockdown of 41 GPCRs resulted in a reduction in fecundity. Interestingly, RNAi against two GPCRs (a Rhodopsin-like receptor and a Dopamine D2-like receptor) led to a significant reduction in Vg accumulation in developing oocytes. Functional assays of these two GPCRs showed that JH triggers a dose-dependent inhibition of intracellular cAMP levels in HEK293 cells expressing Tribolium Dopamine D2-like receptor. These data suggest that Dopamine D2-like receptor plays crucial roles in regulating Vg uptake and is a promising candidate membrane receptor mediating JH regulation of patency in the red flour beetle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Bai
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA
| | - Subba Reddy Palli
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA
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20
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Christjani M, Fink P, von Elert E. Phenotypic plasticity in three Daphnia genotypes in response to predator kairomone: evidence for an involvement of chitin deacetylases. J Exp Biol 2016; 219:1697-704. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.133504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The genetic background of inducible morphological defences in Daphnia is still largely unknown. Dissolved infochemicals from the aquatic larvae of the phantom midge Chaoborus induce so called ‘neck-teeth’ in the first three postembryonic stages of Daphnia pulex. This defence has become a textbook example for inducible defences. In a target gene approach, by applying a gradient of three Daphnia genotypes which differed significantly in neck-teeth induction in response to equal amounts of kairomone, we report a high correlation of neck-teeth induction in D. pulex and relative gene expression of two chitin deacetylases. Further, previous studies suggested genes from both the juvenoid and the insulin hormone signalling pathways as well as several morphogenetic genes downstream to be responsible for the neck-teeth induction in D. pulex. However, these data on previously suggested genes reported were not supported by this study. None of the three D. pulex clones did show an upregulation of these previously proposed candidate genes tested in this study as a response to predator kairomone, which is interpreted as the result of refined methods used for both RNA sampling and kairomone enrichment, which yielded unambiguous results compared to earlier studies. The assessment of a clonal gradient of Daphnia in the presence and absence of infochemicals provides a promising approach to identify further genes being involved in the induction of morphological defences by correlating gene expression and morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Christjani
- Aquatic Chemical Ecology, University of Cologne, Biocenter, Zülpicher Straße 47b, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Patrick Fink
- Aquatic Chemical Ecology, University of Cologne, Biocenter, Zülpicher Straße 47b, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Eric von Elert
- Aquatic Chemical Ecology, University of Cologne, Biocenter, Zülpicher Straße 47b, 50674 Cologne, Germany
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21
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Brent CS, Miyasaki K, Vuong C, Miranda B, Steele B, Brent KG, Nath R. Regulatory roles of biogenic amines and juvenile hormone in the reproductive behavior of the western tarnished plant bug (Lygus hesperus). J Comp Physiol B 2015; 186:169-79. [DOI: 10.1007/s00360-015-0953-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Li Y, Wang X, Hou Y, Zhou X, Chen Q, Guo C, Xia Q, Zhang Y, Zhao P. Integrative Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis of Insect Larva Brain: Novel Insights into the Molecular Mechanism of Insect Wandering Behavior. J Proteome Res 2015; 15:193-204. [PMID: 26644297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Before metamorphosis, most holometabolous insects, such as the silkworm studied here, undergo a special phase called the wandering stage. Insects in this stage often display enhanced locomotor activity (ELA). ELA is vital because it ensures that the insect finds a safe and suitable place to live through the pupal stage. The physiological mechanisms of wandering behavior are still unclear. Here, we integrated proteomics and metabolomics approaches to analyze the brain of the lepidopteran insect, silkworm, at the feeding and wandering stages. Using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS, in all we identified 3004 proteins and 37 metabolites at these two stages. Among them, 465 proteins and 22 metabolites were changed. Neural signal transduction proteins and metabolites, such as neurofilament, dopaminergic synapse related proteins, and glutamic acid, were significantly altered, which suggested that active neural conduction occurred in the brain at the wandering stage. We also found decreased dopamine degradation at the wandering stage. The proposed changes in active neural conduction and increased dopamine concentration might induce ELA. In addition, proteins involved in the ubiquitin proteasome system and lysosome pathway were upregulated, revealing that the brain experiences morphological remodeling during metamorphosis. These findings yielded novel insights into the molecular mechanism underlying insect wandering behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Quanmei Chen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Chao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China
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Fu X, Li T, Chen J, Dong Y, Qiu J, Kang K, Zhang W. Functional screen for microRNAs of Nilaparvata lugens reveals that targeting of glutamine synthase by miR-4868b regulates fecundity. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 83:22-9. [PMID: 26546713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Insect fecundity is regulated by the interaction of genotypes and the environment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) also act in insect development and reproduction by regulating genes involved in these physiological processes. Although hundreds of insect miRNAs have been identified, the biological roles of most remain poorly understood. Here, we used a multi-algorithm approach for miRNA target prediction in 3'UTRs of fecundity-related genes in the brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens and identified 38 putative miRNAs targeting 9 fecundity-related genes. High-ranked miRNAs were selected for target validation. Using a dual luciferase reporter assay in S2 cells, we experimentally verified N. lugens glutamine synthetase (NlGS) as an authentic target of microRNA-4868b (miR-4868b). In the females, NlGS protein expression was down-regulated after injection of a miR-4868b mimic but up-regulated after injection of a miR-4868b inhibitor. In addition, overexpression of miR-4868b reduced fecundity, and disrupted ovary development and Vg expression in N. lugens. These findings showed that miR-4868b is involved in regulating N. lugens fecundity by targeting NlGS. Moreover, this study may lead to better understanding of the fecundity of this important agricultural insect pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Tengchao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jieqi Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Kui Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Fedorov VI, Weisman NY, Nemova EF, Nikolaev NA. Terahertz radiation influence on stressed drosophila life span. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350914030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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25
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Weisman NY, Fedorov VI, Nemova EF, Nikolaev NA. Survival and life span of Drosophila melanogaster in response to terahertz radiation. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057014030102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Laukhina OV, Filipenko EA, Rauschenbach IY. Effect of sexual maturation on DD2R gene expression in fat body of Drosophila melanogaster females. RUSS J GENET+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795413090056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Geddes LH, McQuillan HJ, Aiken A, Vergoz V, Mercer AR. Steroid hormone (20-hydroxyecdysone) modulates the acquisition of aversive olfactory memories in pollen forager honeybees. Learn Mem 2013; 20:399-409. [DOI: 10.1101/lm.030825.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Zheng Y, Wang JL, Liu C, Wang CP, Walker T, Wang YF. Differentially expressed profiles in the larval testes of Wolbachia infected and uninfected Drosophila. BMC Genomics 2011; 12:595. [PMID: 22145623 PMCID: PMC3261232 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-12-595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wolbachia are endosymbiotic bacteria that are frequently found in arthropods and nematodes. These maternally inherited bacteria manipulate host reproduction by several mechanisms including cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). CI is the most common phenotype induced by Wolbachia and results in the developmental arrest of embryos derived from crosses between Wolbachia-infected males and uninfected females. Although the molecular mechanisms of CI are currently unknown, several studies suggest that host sperm is modified by Wolbachia during spermatogenesis. Results We compared the gene expression of Drosophila melanogaster larval testes with and without the wMel strain of Wolbachia to identify candidate genes that could be involved in the interaction between Wolbachia and the insect host. Microarray, quantitative RT-PCR and in situ hybridization analyses were carried out on D. melanogaster larval testes to determine the effect of Wolbachia infection on host gene expression. A total of 296 genes were identified by microarray analysis to have at least a 1.5 fold change [q-value < 5%] in expression. When comparing Wolbachia-infected flies to uninfected flies, 167 genes were up-regulated and 129 genes down-regulated. Differential expression of genes related to metabolism, immunity, reproduction and other functions were observed. Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) confirmed 12 genes are differentially expressed in the testes of the 3rd instar larvae of Wolbachia-infected and uninfected flies. In situ hybridization demonstrated that Wolbachia infection changes the expression of several genes putatively associated with spermatogenesis including JH induced protein-26 and Mst84Db, or involved in immune (kenny) or metabolism (CG4988-RA). Conclusions Wolbachia change the gene expression of 296 genes in the larval testes of D. melanogaster including genes related to metabolism, immunity and reproduction. Interestingly, most of the genes putatively involved in immunity were up-regulated in the presence of Wolbachia. In contrast, most of the genes putatively associated with reproduction (especially spermatogenesis) were down-regulated in the presence of Wolbachia. These results suggest Wolbachia may activate the immune pathway but inhibit spermatogenesis. Our data provide a significant panel of candidate genes that may be involved in the interaction between Wolbachia and their insect hosts. This forms a basis to help elucidate the underlying mechanisms of Wolbachia-induced CI in Drosophila and the influence of Wolbachia on spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zheng
- Hubei Key laboratory of genetic regulation and integrative biology, College of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
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Wang Z, Liu S, Yang B, Liu Z. Characterization of soluble and membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase in Nilaparvata lugens and their potential relation to development and insecticide resistance. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 78:30-45. [PMID: 21769927 DOI: 10.1002/arch.20437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Two forms (soluble and membrane-bound) of alkaline phosphatases (ALPs) were found in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens. In order to further study ALPs in N. lugens, two putative ALP genes (Nl-ALP1 and Nl-ALP2) were identified in this pest. Both Nl-ALP1 and Nl-ALP2 show approximately the same degree of sequence identity (40-50%) to other insect soluble and membrane-bound forms of ALP. Correlation of ALP activity and mRNA levels at different developmental stages, or following application of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and insecticide fenvalerate, suggests that Nl-ALP1 and Nl-ALP2 might encode a soluble (sALP) and a membrane-bound ALP (mALP), respectively. Nl-ALP1-specific antibody Nl1-I detected only a specific band in soluble protein preparations and Nl-ALP2 specific antibody Nl2-I only detected a specific band in insoluble protein preparations, which provided conclusive linkages between Nl-ALP1 and a sALP and between Nl-ALP2 and a m ALP. Then, Nl-ALP1 was denoted as Nl-sALP for a sALP and Nl-ALP2 was denoted as Nl-mALP for a mALP. Only sALP activity and Nl-sALP mRNA level were induced by 20E and fenvalerate, which was confirmed by the density of specific band detected by Nl1-I in Sus strain with or without fenvalerate treatment. Additionally, the sALP activity, as well as Nl-sALP mRNA level, was significantly higher in a fenvalerate resistant population, compared with Sus strain. These results indicate that the sALP is more responsive to chemical stimulus, such as hormone and insecticide, and might play dual roles in development and insecticide tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Panacek A, Prucek R, Safarova D, Dittrich M, Richtrova J, Benickova K, Zboril R, Kvitek L. Acute and chronic toxicity effects of silver nanoparticles (NPs) on Drosophila melanogaster. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:4974-4979. [PMID: 21553866 DOI: 10.1021/es104216b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanoscaled materials is rapidly increasing, however, their possible ecotoxicological effects are still not precisely known. This work constitutes the first complex study focused on in vivo evaluation of the acute and chronic toxic effects and toxic limits of silver nanoparticles (NPs) on the eukaryotic organism Drosophila melanogaster. For the purpose of this study, silver NPs were prepared in the form of solid dispersion using microencapsulation method, where mannitol was used as an encapsulation agent. This newly prepared solid dispersion with a high concentration of silver NPs was exploited to prepare the standard Drosophila culture medium at a silver concentration range from 10 mg·L(-1) to 100 mg·L(-1) of Ag in the case of the acute toxicity testing and at a concentration equal to 5 mg·L(-1) in the case of the chronic toxicity testing. The acute toxic effect of silver NPs on Drosophila melanogaster was observed for the silver concentration equal to 20 mg·L(-1). At this silver concentration, 50% of the tested flies were unable to leave the pupae, and they did not finish their developmental cycle. Chronic toxicity of silver NPs was assessed by a long-term exposure of overall eight filial generations of Drosophila melanogaster to silver NPs. The long-term exposure to silver NPs influenced the fertility of Drosophila during the first three filial generations, nevertheless the fecundity of flies in subsequent generations consequently increased up to the level of the flies from the control sample due to the adaptability of flies to the silver NPs exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ales Panacek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. Listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Rauschenbach IY, Bogomolova EV, Karpova EK, Adonyeva NV, Faddeeva NV, Menshanov PN, Gruntenko NE. Mechanisms of age-specific regulation of dopamine metabolism by juvenile hormone and 20-hydroxyecdysone in Drosophila females. J Comp Physiol B 2010; 181:19-26. [PMID: 20878329 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-010-0512-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2010] [Revised: 08/31/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and the juvenile hormone (JH) have an age-specific effect on total dopamine (DA) content in Drosophila (Gruntenko and Rauschenbach 2008). Earlier we studied the mechanism of influence of 20E and JH on DA metabolism in young females (Rauschenbach et al. in J Insect Physiol 53:587-591, 2007a: Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 65:95-102, 2008a; Gruntenko et al. in Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 72:263-269, 2009). Here we investigate the effects of 20E and JH on the activities of the alkaline phosphatase (ALP), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and DA-dependent arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) in mature females of wild type D. virilis under normal conditions and under heat stress (38°C). 20E feeding of the flies led to a substantial decrease in ALP and TH activities and to an increase in AANAT activity in mature females. JH application resulted in an increasing of ALP and TH activities, but did not influence AANAT activity in mature females. A rise in JH and 20E levels was found to change ALP and TH stress reactivities. Mechanisms of age-specific regulation of DA level by 20E and JH in Drosophila females are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Yu Rauschenbach
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentjev ave., 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Bogomolova EV, Rauschenbach IY, Alekseev AA, Faddeev NV, Gruntenko NE. The effect of dopamine on alkaline phosphatase activity in Drosophila is mediated by D2-like receptors. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2010; 431:87-9. [PMID: 20514870 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672910020092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E V Bogomolova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent'eva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Zhao Y, Bretz CA, Hawksworth SA, Hirsh J, Johnson EC. Corazonin neurons function in sexually dimorphic circuitry that shape behavioral responses to stress in Drosophila. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9141. [PMID: 20161767 PMCID: PMC2818717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Accepted: 01/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
All organisms are confronted with dynamic environmental changes that challenge homeostasis, which is the operational definition of stress. Stress produces adaptive behavioral and physiological responses, which, in the Metazoa, are mediated through the actions of various hormones. Based on its associated phenotypes and its expression profiles, a candidate stress hormone in Drosophila is the corazonin neuropeptide. We evaluated the potential roles of corazonin in mediating stress-related changes in target behaviors and physiologies through genetic alteration of corazonin neuronal excitability. Ablation of corazonin neurons confers resistance to metabolic, osmotic, and oxidative stress, as measured by survival. Silencing and activation of corazonin neurons lead to differential lifespan under stress, and these effects showed a strong dependence on sex. Additionally, altered corazonin neuron physiology leads to fundamental differences in locomotor activity, and these effects were also sex-dependent. The dynamics of altered locomotor behavior accompanying stress was likewise altered in flies with altered corazonin neuronal function. We report that corazonin transcript expression is altered under starvation and osmotic stress, and that triglyceride and dopamine levels are equally impacted in corazonin neuronal alterations and these phenotypes similarly show significant sexual dimorphisms. Notably, these sexual dimorphisms map to corazonin neurons. These results underscore the importance of central peptidergic processing within the context of stress and place corazonin signaling as a critical feature of neuroendocrine events that shape stress responses and may underlie the inherent sexual dimorphic differences in stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Colin A. Bretz
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Shane A. Hawksworth
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jay Hirsh
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Erik C. Johnson
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Gruntenko NE, Karpova EK, Chentsova NA, Adonyeva NV, Rauschenbach IY. 20-hydroxyecdysone and juvenile hormone influence tyrosine hydroxylase activity in Drosophila females under normal and heat stress conditions. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2009; 72:263-272. [PMID: 19802901 DOI: 10.1002/arch.20337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The effects of exogenous 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and the juvenile hormone (JH) on the activity of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the first and rate-limiting DA biosynthetic enzyme, has been studied in young females of wild type D. virilis and D. melanogaster under normal conditions and under heat stress (38 degrees C). Both 20E feeding of the flies and JH application led to a substantial rise in TH activity. A rise in JH and 20E levels was found not to prevent the response of TH to heat stress, but to change the intensity of its response to the stress exposure. Putative mechanisms of regulation of DA level by 20E and JH in Drosophila females are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Gruntenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentieva Ave. #10, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Bogomolova EV, Adonyeva NV, Gruntenko NE, Rauschenbach IY. Effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone and juvenile hormone on octopamine metabolism in females of Drosophila. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2009; 70:244-253. [PMID: 19278013 DOI: 10.1002/arch.20298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The effect of exogenous 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and juvenile hormone (JH) on the activities of the tyrosine decarboxylase (TDC), the first enzyme in octopamine (OA) synthesis, has been studied in young females of wild type D. virilis and D. melanogaster under normal and heat stress (38 degrees C) conditions. Flies fed 20E expressed increased TDC activity in both species. JH application decreased TDC activity in both species. A rise in JH and 20E levels did not prevent a TDC response to heat stress, but changed the response intensity. A long-term increase in JH titre had no effect on the activity of main OA catabolyzing enzyme, arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase, in females of both species. A possible mechanism of regulation of OA levels by 20E and JH in Drosophila females is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Bogomolova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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36
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Karpova EK, Chentsova NA, Adonyeva NV, Alekseev AA, Shumnaya LV, Gruntenko NE, Rauschenbach IY. Gonadotropins regulate tyrosine hydroxylase activity in Drosophila virilis. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2009; 423:325-7. [PMID: 19230379 DOI: 10.1134/s160767290806001x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E K Karpova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
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Toivonen JM, Partridge L. Endocrine regulation of aging and reproduction in Drosophila. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2009; 299:39-50. [PMID: 18682271 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2008.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2008] [Revised: 04/10/2008] [Accepted: 07/03/2008] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hormonal signals can modulate lifespan and reproductive capacity across the animal kingdom. The use of model organisms such as worms, flies and mice has been fundamentally important for aging research in the discovery of genetic alterations that can extend healthy lifespan. The effects of mutations in the insulin and insulin-like growth factor-like signaling (IIS) pathways are evolutionarily conserved in that they can increase lifespan in all three animal models. Additionally, steroids and other lipophilic signaling molecules modulate lifespan in diverse organisms. Here we shall review how major hormonal pathways in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster interact to influence reproductive capacity and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne M Toivonen
- Institute of Healthy Aging, UCL Research Department of Genetics, Environment and Evolution, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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Bogomolova EV, Adonyeva NV, Shumnaya LV, Gruntenko NE, Rauschenbach IY. Gonadotropins affect tyrosine decarboxylase activity in Drosophila virilis. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2008; 421:165-7. [PMID: 18853763 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672908040017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E V Bogomolova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent'eva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
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Gruntenko NE, Rauschenbach IY. Interplay of JH, 20E and biogenic amines under normal and stress conditions and its effect on reproduction. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2008; 54:902-8. [PMID: 18511066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2008.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2007] [Revised: 04/04/2008] [Accepted: 04/07/2008] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile hormone (JH) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) are well known to play a gonadotropic role in adult insects. In Drosophila the mechanism of reciprocal regulation of JH and 20E is shown to be responsible for their proper balance. Dopamine is a mediator in this JH and 20E interplay. A proper balance between JH and 20E is crucial for the normal progress of oogenesis. An imbalance of gonadotropins leads to reproductive defects: a rise in JH titre leads to oviposition arrest, a rise in 20E level, to the degradation of vitellogenic oocytes. Upon a change in the level of one of the gonadotropins, the balance is restored owing to the relative change in the titre of the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Gruntenko
- Laboratory of Stress Genetics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentjev ave. 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
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Adonyeva NV, Alekseev AA, Gruntenko NE, Rauschenbach IY. Juvenile hormone and 20-hydroxyecdysone regulate N-acetyltransferase activity in Drosophila virilis. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2007; 416:237-9. [PMID: 18064820 DOI: 10.1134/s160767290705002x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N V Adonyeva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent'eva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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Rauschenbach IY, Adonyeva NV, Alekseev AA, Chentsova NA, Gruntenko NE. Role of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase in regulation of biogenic amines levels by gonadotropins in Drosophila. J Comp Physiol B 2007; 178:315-20. [PMID: 18038140 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-007-0224-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2007] [Revised: 11/07/2007] [Accepted: 11/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effect of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and the juvenile hormone (JH) on the activity of the arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) was studied in young females of wild-type D. virilis and D. melanogaster. 20E feeding of the flies led to a decrease in AANAT activity in both species when dopamine (DA) was used as substrate, but did not affect the enzyme activity when octopamine (OA) was used as substrate. JH application increased AANAT activity with DA as substrate in both species, but did not change it with OA as substrate. AANAT activity was also measured in young females of a JH-deficient strain of D. melanogaster, apterous ( 56f ). A decrease in the enzyme activity was observed in the mutant females as compared to wild-type. Mechanisms of regulation of DA level by gonadotropins in Drosophila are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Yu Rauschenbach
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentjev ave., 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
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42
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Rauschenbach IY, Gruntenko NE, Chentsova NA, Adonyeva NV, Alekseev AA. Role of ecdysone 20-monooxygenase in regulation of 20-hydroxyecdysone levels by juvenile hormone and biogenic amines in Drosophila. J Comp Physiol B 2007; 178:27-32. [PMID: 17703313 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-007-0196-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2007] [Revised: 07/18/2007] [Accepted: 07/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of increased levels of dopamine (feeding flies with dopamine precursor, L: -dihydroxyphenylalanine) and octopamine (feeding flies with octopamine) on ecdysone 20-monooxygenase activity in young (2 days old) wild type females (the strain wt) of Drosophila virilis have been studied. L: -dihydroxyphenylalanine and octopamine feeding increases ecdysone 20-monooxygenase activity by a factor of 1.6 and 1.7, respectively. Ecdysone 20-monooxygenase activity in the young (1 day old) octopamineless females of the strain Tbetah ( nM18 ), in females of the strain P845 (precursor of Tbetah ( nM18 ) strain) and in wild type females (Canton S) of Drosophila melanogaster have been measured. The absence of octopamine leads to a considerable decrease in the enzyme activity. We have also studied the effects of juvenile hormone application on ecdysone 20-monooxygenase activity in 2-day-old wt females of D. virilis and demonstrated that an increase in juvenile hormone titre leads to an increase in the enzyme activity. We discuss the supposition that ecdysone 20-monooxygenase occupies a key position in the regulation of 20-hydroxyecdysone titre under the conditions that lead to changes in juvenile hormone titre and biogenic amine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Yu Rauschenbach
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentjev ave., 10, Novosibirsk , 630090, Russia.
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Raushenbach IY, Gruntenko NE, Adon'eva NV, Shumnaya LV, Faddeeva NV. Imbalance of gonadotropins reduces Drosophila fitness. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2007; 415:277-279. [PMID: 17929665 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496607040084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Yu Raushenbach
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent'eva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
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Bogomolova EV, Adon'eva NV, Gruntenko NE, Raushenbakh IY. Gonadotropins influence alkaline phosphatase activity in Drosophila virilis. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2007; 414:134-6. [PMID: 17695320 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672907030118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E V Bogomolova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent'eva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
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Rauschenbach IY, Chentsova NA, Alekseev AA, Gruntenko NE, Adonyeva NV, Karpova EK, Komarova TN, Vasiliev VG, Bownes M. Dopamine and octopamine regulate 20-hydroxyecdysone level in vivo in Drosophila. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2007; 65:95-102. [PMID: 17523172 DOI: 10.1002/arch.20183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The effects of increased level of dopamine (DA) (feeding flies with DA precursor, L-dihydroxyphenylalanine, L-DOPA) on the level of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and on juvenile hormone (JH) metabolism in young (2-day-old) wild type females (the strain wt) of Drosophila virilis have been studied. Feeding the flies with L-DOPA increased DA content by a factor of 2.5, and led to a considerable increase in 20E level and a decrease of JH degradation (an increase in JH level). We have also measured the levels of 20E in the young (1-day-old) octopamineless females of the strain Tbetah(nM18) and in wild type females, Canton S, of D. melanogaster. The absence of OA led to a considerable decrease in 20E level (earlier it was shown that in the Tbetah(nM18) females, JH degradation was sharply increased). We have studied the effects of JH application on 20E level in 2-day-old wt females of D. virilis and demonstrated that an increase in JH titre results in a steep increase of 20E level. The supposition that biogenic amines act as intermediary between JH and 20E in the control of Drosophila reproduction is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Yu Rauschenbach
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
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46
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Gruntenko NE, Karpova EK, Alekseev AA, Chentsova NA, Bogomolova EV, Bownes M, Rauschenbach IY. Effects of octopamine on reproduction, juvenile hormone metabolism, dopamine, and 20-hydroxyecdysone contents in Drosophila. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2007; 65:85-94. [PMID: 17523171 DOI: 10.1002/arch.20187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The effect of an experimentally increased octopamine content (feeding flies with OA) on the levels of juvenile hormone (JH) degradation, dopamine (DA), and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) contents, oogenesis, and fecundity of wild type Drosophila flies has been studied. OA feeding of the flies was found to (1) cause a considerable decrease in JH degradation in females, but not males, of D. melanogaster and D. virilis; (2) have no effect on DA content in D. melanogaster and D. virilis; (3) increase 20E contents in D. virilis females; (4) decrease to a large extent the number of vitellogenic (stages 8-10) and mature (stage 14) oocytes in D. virilis; and (5) decrease the fecundity of D. melanogaster and D. virilis. A possible mechanism of action of OA as a neurohormone on the reproductive function of Drosophila is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Gruntenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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47
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Rauschenbach IY, Bogomolova EV, Gruntenko NE, Adonyeva NV, Chentsova NA. Effects of juvenile hormone and 20-hydroxyecdysone on alkaline phosphatase activity in Drosophila under normal and heat stress conditions. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2007; 53:587-91. [PMID: 17433361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2007.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2007] [Revised: 02/16/2007] [Accepted: 02/21/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The effect of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and the juvenile hormone (JH) on the activity of the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) has been studied in young females of wild-type Drosophila virilis and Drosophila melanogaster under normal conditions and under heat stress (38 degrees C). Both 20E feeding of the flies and JH application led to a substantial rise in ALP activity. ALP activity was also measured in young females of a JH-deficient strain of D. melanogaster, apterous(56f). A decrease in the enzyme activity was observed in the mutant females as compared to wild type. A rise in JH and 20E levels was found not to prevent the response of ALP to heat stress, but to change its stress-reactivity. Mechanisms of regulation of dopamine (DA) level by gonadotropins in Drosophila are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Yu Rauschenbach
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
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Rauschenbach IY, Karpova EK, Gruntenko NE, Saprykina ZV, Shumnaya LV, Faddeeva NV. Biogenic amines regulate the reproductive function in Drosophila as neurohormones. Russ J Dev Biol 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360407010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Rauschenbach IY, Gruntenko NE, Karpova EK, Alekseev AA, Chentsova NA. Effect of octopamine on Drosophila melanogaster reproduction is mediated by gonadotropins. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2006; 410:407-9. [PMID: 17278849 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496606050188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Yu Rauschenbach
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr Akademika Lavrent'eva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
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Rauschenbach II, Chentsova NA, Alekseev AA, Gruntenko NE, Karpova EK. Dopamine affects the level of 20-hydroxyecdysone in Drosophila virilis females. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2006; 407:179-81. [PMID: 16739488 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496606020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I Iu Rauschenbach
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk
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