1
|
Zeng W, Shen D, Wu W, Zhang S, Li Z, Zhang D. Involvement of a catalase gene in lignin catalysis and immune defense against pathogenic fungus in Coptotermes formosanus: a potential new target for termite control. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:3258-3268. [PMID: 38358092 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detoxifying enzymes are likely involved in lignin feeding and immune defense mechanisms within termites, rendering them potential targets for biological control. However, investigations into the dual functionality of termite detoxification enzymes in vivo have not been documented. RESULTS In this study, the complete cDNA of the catalase gene (Cfcat) derived from Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki was amplified. CFCAT comprises an open reading frame spanning 1527 bp, encoding a 508-amino acid sequence. The highest expression was observed in the epidermal tissues (including the fat body and hemolymph) followed by the foregut/salivary gland. Furthermore, we confirmed the catalase activity of the recombinant Cfcat protein. Using RNA interference (RNAi) technology, the importance of Cfcat in the lignin-feeding of C. formosanus was demonstrated, and the role of Cfcat in innate immunity was investigated. Survival assays showed that Cfcat RNAi significantly increased the susceptibility of C. formosanus to Metarhizium anisopliae. Irrespective of the infection status, Cfcat inhibition had a significant impact on multiple factors of humoral and intestinal immunity in C. formosanus. Notably, Cfcat RNAi exhibited a more pronounced immunosuppressive effect on humoral immunity than on intestinal immunity. CONCLUSION Cfcat plays an important role in the regulation of innate immunity and lignin feeding in C. formosanus. Cfcat RNAi can weaken the immune response of termites against M. anisopliae, which may aid the biocontrol efficiency of M. anisopliae against C. formosanus. This study provides a theoretical basis and technical reference for the development of a novel biocontrol strategy targeting detoxifying enzymes of termites. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Zeng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danni Shen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijun Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abbas MN, Gul I, Khosravi Z, Amarchi JI, Ye X, Yu L, Siyuan W, Cui H. Molecular characterization, immune functions and DNA protective effects of peroxiredoxin-1 gene in Antheraea pernyi. Mol Immunol 2024; 170:76-87. [PMID: 38640818 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins are antioxidant proteins that detoxify peroxynitrite, hydrogen peroxide, and organic hydroperoxides, impacting various physiological processes such as immune responses, apoptosis, cellular homeostasis, and so on. In the present study, we identified and characterized peroxiredoxin 1 from Antheraea pernyi (thereafter designated as ApPrx-1) that encodes a predicted 195 amino acid residue protein with a 21.8 kDa molecular weight. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that the mRNA level of ApPrx-1 was highest in the hemocyte, fat body, and midgut. Immune-challenged larval fat bodies and hemocytes showed increased ApPrx-1 transcript. Moreover, ApPrx-1 expression was induced in hemocytes and the whole body of A. pernyi following exogenous H2O2 administration. A DNA cleavage assay performed using recombinant ApPrx-1 protein showed that rApPrx-1 protein manifests the ability to protect supercoiled DNA damage from oxidative stress. To test the rApPrx-1 protein antioxidant activity, the ability of the rApPrx-1 protein to remove H2O2 was assessed in vitro using rApPrx-1 protein and DTT, while BSA + DDT served as a control group. The results revealed that ApPrx-1 can efficiently remove H2O2 in vitro. In the loss of function analysis, we found that ApPrx-1 significantly increased the levels of H2O2 in ApPrx-1-depleted larvae compared to the control group. We also found a significantly lower survival rate in the larvae in which ApPrx-1 was knocked down. Interestingly, the antibacterial activity was significantly higher in the ApPrx-1 depleted larvae, compared to the control. Collectively, evidence strongly suggests that ApPrx-1 may regulate physiological activities and provides a reference for further studies to validate the utility of the key genes involved in reliving oxidative stress conditions and regulating the immune responses of insects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nadeem Abbas
- State Key Laboratory of Resource insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Isma Gul
- State Key Laboratory of Resource insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Zahra Khosravi
- State Key Laboratory of Resource insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Jemirade Ifejola Amarchi
- State Key Laboratory of Resource insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Xiang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Resource insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Lang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Wu Siyuan
- State Key Laboratory of Resource insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Resource insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China; Chongqing engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative medicine, Chongqing 400716, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gul I, Abbas MN, Hussaini N, Kausar S, Wu S, Cui H. Peroxiredoxin-2 gene in Antheraea pernyi modulates immune functions and protect DNA damage. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128410. [PMID: 38029918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins have been shown to protect insects from oxidative damage and to play a role in the immune system. In the present study, we cloned and characterized the Antheraea pernyi peroxiredoxin 2 (ApPrx-2) gene, then assessed its functional roles. The ApPrx-2 gene has a 687 bp open reading frame that encodes a protein with 288 amino acid residues. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that the mRNA levels of ApPrx-2 were highest in the hemocytes. Immune challenge assay revealed that ApPrx-2 transcription could be induced after microbial challenge. A DNA cleavage assay employing recombinant ApPrx-2 protein and a metal-catalyzed oxidation system showed that rApPrx-2 protein could protect supercoiled DNA against oxidative stress. The protein antioxidant activity of rApPrx-2 was examined, and it was found that rApPrx-2 exhibited a high level of antioxidant activity by removing H2O2. In addition, ApPrx-2 knockdown larvae had higher H2O2 levels and a lower survival rate when compared to controls. Interestingly, the antibacterial activity was significantly higher in ApPrx-2 depleted larvae compared with control. Overall, our findings indicate that ApPrx-2 may be involved in a range of physiological functions of A. pernyi, as it protects supercoiled DNA from oxidative stress and regulates antibacterial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isma Gul
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Abbas
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Najibullah Hussaini
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Saima Kausar
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Siyuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China..
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang L, Qin CY, Chen Y, Wang ZG, Chen RY, Niu J, Wang JJ. Fusion dsRNA in targeting salivary protein genes enhance the RNAi-based aphid control. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 197:105645. [PMID: 38072520 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising tool for pest control and relies on sequence-specific gene silencing. Salivary proteins are cooperatively secreted into plants to guarantee the feeding of aphids; thus they have potential to develop as selective targets for RNAi-based pest control strategy. For this purpose, we firstly analyzed 18 salivary proteomes of various aphid species, and these salivary proteins can be mainly categorized into seven functional groups. Secondly, we created a work-flow for fusion dsRNA design that can target multiple genes but were selectively safe to beneficial insects. Based on this approach, seven fusion dsRNAs were designed to feed the green peach aphid, which induced a significant reduction in aphid fitness. Among them, ingestion of dsperoxidase induced the highest mortality in aphids, which was also significantly higher than that of traditional dsRNAs in targeting three peroxidases separately. In addition, dsperoxidase-fed green peach aphids triggered the highest H2O2 content of host plants as well as the attraction to natural enemies (ladybeetle and parasitic wasp) but repellent to other control aphids. Our results indicate that the fusion dsRNA design approach can improve aphid control capacity, and the fusion dsRNA targeting salivary protein-encoding genes can enhance the direct and indirect defenses of host plants, thus providing a new strategy for RNAi-based aphid control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Cong-Yan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zi-Guo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ruo-Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jinzhi Niu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mo W, Li Q, He X, Lu Z, Xu H, Zheng X, Guo J, Lu Y, Wang S. Identification and characterization of Prx5 and Prx6 in Chilo suppressalis in response to environmental stress. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 114:e22030. [PMID: 37282754 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant proteins, peroxiredoxins (Prxs), function to protect insects from reactive oxygen species-induced toxicity. In this study, two Prx genes, CsPrx5, and CsPrx6, were cloned and characterized from the paddy field pest, Chilo suppressalis, containing open reading frames of 570 and 672 bp encoding 189 and 223 amino acid polypeptides, respectively. Then, we investigated the influence of various stresses on their expression levels using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The results showed expression of CsPrx5 and CsPrx6 in all developmental stages, with eggs having the highest level. CsPrx5 and CsPrx6 showed higher expression in the epidermis and fat body, and CsPrx6 also showed higher expression in midgut, fat body, and epidermis. Increasing concentrations of insecticides (chlorantraniliprole and spinetoram) and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) increased the expression levels of CsPrx5 and CsPrx6. In addition, the expression levels of CsPrx5 and CsPrx6 were almost markedly upregulated in larvae under temperature stress or fed by vetiver. Thus, CsPrx5 and CsPrx6 upregulation might increase the C. suppressalis defense response by reducing the impact of environmental stress, providing a better understanding of the relationship between environmental stresses and insect defense systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wujia Mo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochan He
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua, China
| | - Zhongxian Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xusong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiawen Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuping Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Technical Centre for Animal, Plant, and Food Inspection and Quarantine, Shanghai Customs, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma L, Yan X, Zhou L, Wang W, Chen K, Hao C, Lu Z, Qie X. Nitric oxide synthase is required for the pea aphid's defence against bacterial infection. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 32:187-199. [PMID: 36527288 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Compared to other insects, the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum has a reduced immune system with an absence of genes coding for a lot of immunity-related molecules. Notably, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which catalyses the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), is present in the pea aphid. However, the role of NO in the immune system of pea aphid remains unclear. In this study, we explored the role of NO in the defence of the pea aphid against bacterial infections and found that the NOS gene of the pea aphid responded to an immune challenge, with the expression of ApNOS observably upregulated after bacterial infections. Knockdown of ApNOS using RNA interference or inhibition of NOS activity increased the number of live bacterial cells in aphids and the mortality of aphids after bacterial infection. Conversely, the increase in NO level in aphids using NO donor inhibited the bacterial growth, increased the survival of bacteria-infected aphids, and upregulated immune genes, such as Toll pathway and phagocytosis related genes. Thus, NO promotes immune responses and plays an important role in the immune system of pea aphid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Xizhong Yan
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Kangkang Chen
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chi Hao
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xingtao Qie
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cheng J, Zhu L, Zhu F, Zhao P, Li QX, Lu ZH, Zhang SD, Li Z, Liu XX. Peroxiredoxin 1 transfer during mating protects eupyrene sperm against oxdative stress in Grapholita molesta. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023. [PMID: 36929567 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Each Grapholita molesta female only copulates once during its lifetime and thus must maintain the viability of stored eupyrene sperm for male reproductive success. The male ejaculate comprises abundant accessory gland proteins produced by the male accessory gland (AG), and many of which are major effectors for sperm storage and maintenance. RESULTS Here, we reported that an antioxidant protein, peroxiredoxin 1 (GmolPrx1), secreted by the male AG, is essential for protecting eupyrene sperm from oxidative stress and maintaining their quality during storage in the female bursa copulatrix (BC). Our data showed that GmolPrx1 is highly expressed in the AG of sexually mature males. The GmolPrx1 protein is localized to the cytoplasm of AG cells and delivered to the female BC during mating. Knockdown of GmolPrx1 strongly decreased the fertility of mated females. Additionally, we evaluated oxidative status in the spermatophore of females and found that the content of hydrogen peroxide increased significantly after mating with GmolPrx1 knockdown males. Finally, the quality assessment of eupyrene sperm demonstrated that the plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, and DNA integrity were all severely impaired in the spermatophore of females after mating with GmolPrx1 knockdown males, which may contribute to the fertility decline in males. CONCLUSION Our current data demonstrated that activities of eupyrene sperm stored in females can be significantly impaired by enhanced oxidative stress through knocking down of GmolPrx1 in males. Our finding thus may further lay new foundations for the control of G. molesta through suppressing their populations by manipulating male reproductive genes. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Zhu
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong-Xi Li
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Hang Lu
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Song-Dou Zhang
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Liu
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao L, Cao Y, Wang DD, Chen N, Li SG, Liu S, Li MY. A thioredoxin peroxidase protects Pieris rapae from oxidative stress induced by chlorantraniliprole exposure. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 111:e21964. [PMID: 36050844 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chlorantraniliprole (CAP) is an insecticide widely used to control the small white butterfly (SWB), Pieris rapae. Exposure to CAP can cause oxidative injury in SWB; however, it is unclear if antioxidant enzymes are involved in the defense process. In this study, a thioredoxin peroxidase (PrTPX1) gene was identified from SWB by using a homology search method. The gene encoded a 195 amino-acid PrTPX1 protein. Sequence characteristics and phylogenetic analysis indicated that PrTPX1 was a typical "2-Cys" TPX, and the PrTPX1 gene consisted of four exons and three introns. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that the messenger RNA levels of PrTPX1 were highest in third-, fourth- and fifth-instar larval stages and in the larval midgut. Treatment with sublethal doses (LD20 and LD50 ) of CAP for 6, 12, 18, and 24 h resulted in increased H2 O2 concentration in SWB larvae, indicating insecticide-induced oxidative stress. The transcriptional levels of PrTPX1 were significantly enhanced in larvae exposed to CAP. Recombinant PrTPX1 protein was expressed in Escherichia coli. Enzymatic assay revealed that the protein displayed antioxidant activity and was able to protect against oxidative challenge. These results indicated that PrTPX1 plays an important role in oxidative stress responses and may contribute to the CAP tolerance in SWB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Department of Entomology, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Ye Cao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Department of Entomology, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- The research group of insect resource utilization, Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong-Dong Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Department of Entomology, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Department of Entomology, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Shi-Guang Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Department of Entomology, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Su Liu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Department of Entomology, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Mao-Ye Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Department of Entomology, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lin S, Wang K, Yang B, Li B, Shen X, Du Z. Dopamine receptor (DAR) and dopa decarboxylase (DDC) mediate hepatopancreas antibacterial innate immune reactions in Procambarus clarkii. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 214:140-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
10
|
Tian Z, Zha M, Cai L, Michaud JP, Cheng J, Shen Z, Liu X, Liu X. FoxO-promoted peroxiredoxin1 expression induced by Helicoverpa armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus infection mediates host development and defensive responses. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 234:113414. [PMID: 35305350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Helicoverpa armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) has a long coevolutionary history with its host, exerting profound effects on larval development, physiology and immune responses, although the mechanisms mediating these effects remain unclear. We demonstrate that HearNPV infection constrains the growth and development of larvae by inducing high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which increase the expression of forkhead box O transcription factor (FoxO). FoxO upregulates the expression of peroxiredoxin 1 (Prx1) which serves to regulate larval development and immune responses following HearNPV infection. Collectively, our results provide novel insights into the role of Prx1 in larval development and immunity subsequent to HearNPV infection. Further investigation of the oxidative stress induced by HearNPV in H. armigera and its interactions with host immunity could yield novel insights useful in agricultural pest control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Tian
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Meng Zha
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Limei Cai
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - J P Michaud
- Department of Entomology, Agricultural Research Center-Hays, Kansas State University, Hays, KS 67601, USA.
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zhongjian Shen
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Department of Entomology, MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Double-Strand RNA (dsRNA) Delivery Methods in Insects: Diaphorina citri. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2360:253-277. [PMID: 34495520 PMCID: PMC8959005 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1633-8_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
RNAi is a gene-silencing mechanism conserved in the vast majority of eukaryotes. It is widely used to study gene function in animals due to the ease of eliciting gene knockdown. Beyond research applications, RNAi technology based on exogenous dsRNA is a promising candidate for next generation insect pest control. An advantage of using RNAi is that design of dsRNA essentially requires only the sequence of the target gene. The greatest challenge, however, is dsRNA delivery for large-scale insect control. Delivery methods that have widely been used are oral, injection, or via soaking. Unfortunately, each insect presents its own challenges owing to the differences in the presence of dsRNA degrading enzymes, cellular uptake efficiency, expression of core RNAi machinery, the nature of the target gene, the concentration and persistence of the dsRNA, as well as the particular way of feeding of each insect, which together cause variations in the efficiency of RNAi. In this chapter, a protocol for the synthetic production of dsRNA is described along with three methods for delivery that have been successful in one of the more problematic insects, Diaphorina citri.
Collapse
|
12
|
The OxrA Protein of Aspergillus fumigatus Is Required for the Oxidative Stress Response and Fungal Pathogenesis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0112021. [PMID: 34524893 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01120-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification system is vital for the survival of the pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus within the host high-ROS environment of the host. Therefore, identifying and targeting factors essential for oxidative stress response is one approach to developing novel treatments for fungal infections. The oxidation resistance 1 (Oxr1) protein is essential for protection against oxidative stress in mammals, but its functions in pathogenic fungi remain unknown. The present study aimed to characterize the role of an Oxr1 homolog in A. fumigatus. The results indicated that the OxrA protein plays an important role in oxidative stress resistance by regulating the catalase function in A. fumigatus, and overexpression of catalase can rescue the phenotype associated with OxrA deficiency. Importantly, the deficiency of oxrA decreased the virulence of A. fumigatus and altered the host immune response. Using the Aspergillus-induced lung infection model, we demonstrated that the ΔoxrA mutant strain induced less tissue damage along with decreased levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and albumin release. Additionally, the ΔoxrA mutant caused inflammation at a lower degree, along with a markedly reduced influx of neutrophils to the lungs and a decreased secretion of cytokine usually associated with recruitment of neutrophils in mice. These results characterize the role of OxrA in A. fumigatus as a core regulator of oxidative stress resistance and fungal pathogenesis. IMPORTANCE Knowledge of ROS detoxification in fungal pathogens is useful in the design of new antifungal drugs and could aid in the study of oxidative stress resistance mechanisms. In this study, we demonstrate that OxrA protein localizes to the mitochondria and functions to protect against oxidative damage. We demonstrate that OxrA contributes to oxidative stress resistance by regulating catalase function, and overexpression of catalase (CatA or CatB) can rescue the phenotype that is associated with OxrA deficiency. Remarkably, a loss of OxrA attenuated the fungal virulence in a mouse model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and altered the host immune response. Therefore, our finding indicates that inhibition of OxrA might be an effective approach for alleviating A. fumigatus infection. The present study is, to the best of our knowledge, a pioneer in reporting the vital role of Oxr1 protein in pathogenic fungi.
Collapse
|
13
|
Madusanka RK, Tharuka MDN, Madhuranga WSP, Lee S, Lee J. Transcriptional modifications and the cytoprotective, DNA protective, and wound healing effects of peroxiredoxin-1 from Sebastes schlegelii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 107:73-83. [PMID: 33031901 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins are a group of thiol-specific antioxidant proteins that take six isoforms in vertebrates and allow the innate immune system to sense and detoxify reactive oxygen species. In this study, we identified and characterized the perxiredoxin-1 (SsPrdx1) cDNA sequence from the rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii. In silico analysis revealed that SsPrdx1 contained a 594 bp long open reading frame (ORF) encoding a protein of 198 amino acids, with a predicted molecular weight and theoretical isoelectric point of 21.97 kDa and 6.30, respectively. The SsPrdx1 gene comprised six exons linked by five introns, while peroxiredoxin signature motifs were found in the highly conserved third, fourth, and fifth exons. Phylogenetic analysis and sequence alignment suggested that SsPrdx1 is evolutionarily conserved and that its most closely related counterpart is Salarias fasciatus. Recombinant SsPrdx1 (rSsPrdx1) displayed supercoiled DNA protection and insulin disulfide reduction activities in a concentration-dependent manner, while cells transiently transfected with pcDNA3.1 (+)/SsPrdx1 exhibited significant cytoprotective effects under oxidative stress and wound healing activity. SsPrdx1 transcripts were constitutively expressed under normal physiological conditions, with the highest expression observed in the blood. Moreover, SsPrdx1 expression increased in the blood, spleen, and liver following immune provocation by LPS, poly I:C, and Streptococcus iniae injection. Thus, this study provides insights into the role of SsPrdx1 in rockfish immune protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajamanthrilage Kasun Madusanka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - M D Neranjan Tharuka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - W S P Madhuranga
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongdo Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ma L, Liu L, Zhao Y, Yang L, Chen C, Li Z, Lu Z. JNK pathway plays a key role in the immune system of the pea aphid and is regulated by microRNA-184. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008627. [PMID: 32584915 PMCID: PMC7343183 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Different from holometabolous insects, the hemipteran species such as pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum exhibit reduced immune responses with the absence of the genes coding for antimicrobial peptide (AMP), immune deficiency (IMD), peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs), and other immune-related molecules. Prior studies have proved that phenoloxidase (PO)-mediated melanization, hemocyte-mediated phagocytosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) participate in pea aphid defense against bacterial infection. Also, the conserved signaling, Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, has been suggested to be involved in pea aphid immune defense. However, the precise role of the JNK signaling, its interplay with other immune responses and its regulation in pea aphid are largely unknown. In this study, using in vitro biochemical assays and in vivo bioassays, we demonstrated that the JNK pathway regulated hemolymph PO activity, hydrogen peroxide concentration and hemocyte phagocytosis in bacteria infected pea aphids, suggesting that the JNK pathway plays a central role in regulating immune responses in pea aphid. We further revealed the JNK pathway is regulated by microRNA-184 in response to bacterial infection. It is possible that in common the JNK pathway plays a key role in immune system of hemipteran insects and microRNA-184 regulates the JNK pathway in animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Caihua Chen
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhaofei Li
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen K, Tang T, Song Q, Wang Z, He K, Liu X, Song J, Wang L, Yang Y, Feng C. Transcription Analysis of the Stress and Immune Response Genes to Temperature Stress in Ostrinia furnacalis. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1289. [PMID: 31681003 PMCID: PMC6803539 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ostrinia furnacalis is one of the most important pests on maize. O. furnacalis larvae are frequently exposed to the temperature challenges such as high temperature in summer and cold temperature in winter in the natural environment. High and low temperature stress, like any abiotic stress, impairs the physiology and development of insects. Up to now, there is limited information about gene regulation and signaling pathways related to the high and cold stress response in O. furnacalis. High-throughput sequencing of transcriptome provides a new approach for detecting stress and immune response genes under high and low temperature stresses in O. furnacalis. In the present study, O. furnacalis larvae were treated with the temperature at 8 and 40°C, and the responses of O. furnacalis larvae to the temperature stress were investigated through RNA-sequencing and further confirmation. The results showed that immune responses were up-regulated in larvae by the cold stress at 8°C while some stress response genes, such as HSP family, GST-2, Bax inhibitor and P450, were significantly increased at 40°C. Furthermore, quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction were performed to quantify the expression levels of immune related genes, such as PGRP-LB, antimicrobial peptides, lysozyme, serine protease and stress response genes such as small HSPs and HSP90, and the expression levels of these genes were similar to the RNA-seq results. In addition, the iron storage protein Ferritin was found to be involved in the response to temperature stress, and the changes of total iron concentration in the hemolymph were, in general, consistent with the expression levels of Ferritin. Taken together, our results suggested that the stress response genes were involved in the defense against the heat stress at 40°C, and the immune responses triggered by cold stress might provide protection for larvae from cold stress at 8°C. More interestingly, our results showed that during the responses to temperature stress, the total iron concentration in hemolymph regulated by Ferritin increased, which might help O. furnacalis in surviving the low and high temperature stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Chen
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tai Tang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qisheng Song
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Zhenying Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kanglai He
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Song
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Libao Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yizhong Yang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Congjing Feng
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cao Y, Yang Q, Tu XH, Li SG, Liu S. Molecular characterization of a typical 2-Cys thioredoxin peroxidase from the Asiatic rice borer Chilo suppressalis and its role in oxidative stress. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 99:e21476. [PMID: 29873106 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In insects, thioredoxin peroxidase (TPX) plays an important role in protecting against oxidative damage. However, studies on the molecular characteristics of TPXs in the Asiatic rice borer, Chilo suppressalis, are limited. In this work, a cDNA sequence (CsTpx3) encoding a TPX was identified from C. suppressalis. The deduced CsTPX3 protein shares high sequence identity and two positionally conserved cysteines with orthologs from other insect species, and was classified as a typical 2-Cys TPX. CsTpx3 was expressed most highly during the fifth-instar larval stage, and transcripts were most abundant in the midgut. Recombinant CsTPX3 protein expressed in Escherichia coli displayed the expected peroxidase activity by removing H2 O2 . Furthermore, CsTPX3 protected DNA from oxidative damage, and E. coli cells overexpressing CsTPX3 exhibited long-term resistance to oxidative stress. Exposure to various oxidative stressors, such as cold (8°C), heat (35°C), bacteria (E. coli), and two insecticides (chlorpyrifos and lambda-cyhalothrin), significantly upregulated transcription of CsTpx3. However, exposure to abamectin had no such effect. Our results provide valuable information for future studies on the antioxidant mechanism in this insect species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Cao
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qing Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Tu
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shi-Guang Li
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Su Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Huerta-Ocampo JA, García-Muñoz MS, Velarde-Salcedo AJ, Hernández-Domínguez EE, González-Escobar JL, Barrera-Pacheco A, Grajales-Lagunes A, Barba de la Rosa AP. The proteome map of the escamolera ant (Liometopum apiculatum Mayr) larvae reveals immunogenic proteins and several hexamerin proteoforms. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2018; 28:107-121. [PMID: 30149319 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The larvae of escamolera ant (Liometopum apiculatum Mayr) have been considered a delicacy since Pre-Hispanic times. The increased demand for this stew has led to massive collection of ant nests. Yet biological aspects of L. apiculatum larvae remain unknown, and mapping the proteome of this species is important for understanding its biological characteristics. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis was used to characterize the larvae proteome profile. From 380 protein spots analyzed, 174 were identified by LC-MS/MS and homology search against the Hymenoptera subset of the NCBInr protein database using the Mascot search engine. Peptide de novo sequencing and homology-based alignment allowed the identification of 36 additional protein spots. Identified proteins were classified by cellular location, molecular function, and biological process according to the Gene Ontology annotation. Immunity- and defense-related proteins were identified including PPIases, FK506, PEBP, and chitinases. Several hexamerin proteoforms were identified and the cDNA of the most abundant protein detected in the 2-DE map was isolated and characterized. L. apiculatum hexamerin (LaHEX, GeneBank accession no. MH256667) contains an open reading frame of 2199 bp encoding a polypeptide of 733 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 82.41 kDa. LaHEX protein is more similar to HEX110 than HEX70 from Apis mellifera. Down-regulation of LaHEX was observed throughout ant development. This work represents the first proteome map as well as the first hexamerin characterized from L. apiculatum larvae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José A Huerta-Ocampo
- IPICyT, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., Camino a la Presa San José No. 2055, Lomas 4a Sección, 78216 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, Mexico; CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera a La Victoria Km 0.6, Edificio C, C.P 83304 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - María S García-Muñoz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Nava No.6, Zona Universitaria, C.P. 78200 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, Mexico
| | - Aída J Velarde-Salcedo
- IPICyT, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., Camino a la Presa San José No. 2055, Lomas 4a Sección, 78216 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, Mexico
| | - Eric E Hernández-Domínguez
- IPICyT, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., Camino a la Presa San José No. 2055, Lomas 4a Sección, 78216 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, Mexico
| | - Jorge L González-Escobar
- IPICyT, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., Camino a la Presa San José No. 2055, Lomas 4a Sección, 78216 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, Mexico
| | - Alberto Barrera-Pacheco
- IPICyT, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., Camino a la Presa San José No. 2055, Lomas 4a Sección, 78216 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, Mexico
| | - Alicia Grajales-Lagunes
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Nava No.6, Zona Universitaria, C.P. 78200 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, Mexico.
| | - Ana P Barba de la Rosa
- IPICyT, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., Camino a la Presa San José No. 2055, Lomas 4a Sección, 78216 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gosal SS, Wani SH. RNAi for Resistance Against Biotic Stresses in Crop Plants. BIOTECHNOLOGIES OF CROP IMPROVEMENT, VOLUME 2 2018. [PMCID: PMC7123769 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90650-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi)-based gene silencing has become one of the most successful strategies in not only identifying gene function but also in improving agronomical traits of crops by silencing genes of different pathogens/pests and also plant genes for improvement of desired trait. The conserved nature of RNAi pathway across different organisms increases its applicability in various basic and applied fields. Here we attempt to summarize the knowledge generated on the fundamental mechanisms of RNAi over the years, with emphasis on insects and plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs). This chapter also reviews the rich history of RNAi research, gene regulation by small RNAs across different organisms, and application potential of RNAi for generating transgenic plants resistant to major pests. But, there are some limitations too which restrict wider applications of this technology to its full potential. Further refinement of this technology in terms of resolving these shortcomings constitutes one of the thrust areas in present RNAi research. Nevertheless, its application especially in breeding agricultural crops resistant against biotic stresses will certainly offer the possible solutions for some of the breeding objectives which are otherwise unattainable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satbir Singh Gosal
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab India
| | - Shabir Hussain Wani
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Khudwani, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Godahewa G, Perera N, Lee J. Insights into the multifunctional role of natural killer enhancing factor-A (NKEF-A/Prx1) in big-belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis): DNA protection, insulin reduction, H2O2 scavenging, and immune modulation activity. Gene 2018; 642:324-334. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
20
|
Identification and characterization of six peroxiredoxin transcripts from mud crab Scylla paramamosain: The first evidence of peroxiredoxin gene family in crustacean and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses. Mol Immunol 2017; 93:223-235. [PMID: 29220745 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The peroxiredoxins (Prxs) define a novel and evolutionarily conserved superfamily of peroxidases able to protect cells from oxidative damage by catalyzing the reduction of a wide range of cellular peroxides. Prxs have been identified in prokaryotes as well as in eukaryotes, however, the composition and number of Prxs family members vary in different species. In this study, six Prxs were firstly identified from the mud crab Scylla paramamosain by RT-PCR and RACE methods. Six SpPrxs can be subdivided into three classes: (a) three typical 2-Cys enzymes denominated as Prx1/2, 3, 4, (b) two atypical 2-Cys enzymes known as Prx5-1 and Prx5-2, and (c) a 1-Cys isoform named Prx6. The evolutionarily conserved signatures of peroxiredoxin catalytic center were identified in all six SpPrxs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that SpPrx3, SpPrx4, SpPrx5s and SpPrx6 were clearly classified into Prx3-6 subclasses, respectively. Although SpPrx1/2 could not be grouped into any known Prx subclasses, SpPrx1/2 clustered together with other arthropods Prx1 or unclassified Prx and could be classified into the typical 2-Cys class. The comparative and evolutionary analysis of the Prx gene family in invertebrates and vertebrates were also conducted for the first time. Tissue-specific expression analysis revealed that these six SpPrxs were expressed in different transcription patterns while the highest expression levels were almost all in the hepatopancreas. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis exhibited that the gene expression profiles of six SpPrxs were distinct when crabs suffered biotic and abiotic stresses including the exposures of Vibrio alginolyticus, poly (I:C), cadmium and hypoosmotic salinity, suggesting that the SpPrxs might play different roles in response to various stresses. The recombinant proteins including the SpPrx1/2, SpPrx4, SpPrx5-1 and SpPrx6 were purified and the peroxidase activity assays indicated that all these proteins can reduce H2O2 in a typical DTT-dependent manner. To our knowledge, this is the first study about the comprehensive characterization of Prx gene family in Scylla paramamosain and even in crustaceans. These results would broaden the current knowledge of the whole Prx family as well as be helpful to understand and clarify the evolutionary pattern of Prx family in invertebrate and vertebrate taxa.
Collapse
|
21
|
Su LD, Zhang QL, Lu Z. Oxidation resistance 1 (OXR1) participates in silkworm defense against bacterial infection through the JNK pathway. INSECT SCIENCE 2017; 24:17-26. [PMID: 26507465 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infection causes enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in insects. Oxidation resistance 1 (OXR1) plays an antioxidant role in eukaryotic organisms, including insects. In this report, we demonstrated that Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus infection and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) injection induced the expression of specific transcriptional isoforms of OXR1 in larval silkworms. We further showed that a Jun kinase (JNK) pathway inhibitor, SP600125, down-regulated expression of OXR1 during infection, leading to elevated H2 O2 levels in the hemolymph, resulting in lower viability of the injected bacteria inside the silkworm larvae. Our study suggests that OXR1 participates in protecting larval silkworms from oxidative stress and bacterial infection through the JNK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-De Su
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection
| | | | - Zhiqiang Lu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
RNA Interference in Insect Vectors for Plant Viruses. Viruses 2016; 8:v8120329. [PMID: 27973446 PMCID: PMC5192390 DOI: 10.3390/v8120329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Insects and other arthropods are the most important vectors of plant pathogens. The majority of plant pathogens are disseminated by arthropod vectors such as aphids, beetles, leafhoppers, planthoppers, thrips and whiteflies. Transmission of plant pathogens and the challenges in managing insect vectors due to insecticide resistance are factors that contribute to major food losses in agriculture. RNA interference (RNAi) was recently suggested as a promising strategy for controlling insect pests, including those that serve as important vectors for plant pathogens. The last decade has witnessed a dramatic increase in the functional analysis of insect genes, especially those whose silencing results in mortality or interference with pathogen transmission. The identification of such candidates poses a major challenge for increasing the role of RNAi in pest control. Another challenge is to understand the RNAi machinery in insect cells and whether components that were identified in other organisms are also present in insect. This review will focus on summarizing success cases in which RNAi was used for silencing genes in insect vector for plant pathogens, and will be particularly helpful for vector biologists.
Collapse
|
23
|
Mulot M, Boissinot S, Monsion B, Rastegar M, Clavijo G, Halter D, Bochet N, Erdinger M, Brault V. Comparative Analysis of RNAi-Based Methods to Down-Regulate Expression of Two Genes Expressed at Different Levels in Myzus persicae. Viruses 2016; 8:E316. [PMID: 27869783 PMCID: PMC5127030 DOI: 10.3390/v8110316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing availability of aphid genomic data, it is necessary to develop robust functional validation methods to evaluate the role of specific aphid genes. This work represents the first study in which five different techniques, all based on RNA interference and on oral acquisition of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), were developed to silence two genes, ALY and Eph, potentially involved in polerovirus transmission by aphids. Efficient silencing of only Eph transcripts, which are less abundant than those of ALY, could be achieved by feeding aphids on transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana expressing an RNA hairpin targeting Eph, on Nicotiana benthamiana infected with a Tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-Eph recombinant virus, or on in vitro-synthesized Eph-targeting dsRNA. These experiments showed that the silencing efficiency may differ greatly between genes and that aphid gut cells seem to be preferentially affected by the silencing mechanism after oral acquisition of dsRNA. In addition, the use of plants infected with recombinant TRV proved to be a promising technique to silence aphid genes as it does not require plant transformation. This work highlights the need to pursue development of innovative strategies to reproducibly achieve reduction of expression of aphid genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michaël Mulot
- Université de Strasbourg, INRA, SVQV UMR-A 1131, 28 rue de Herrlisheim, Colmar, 68021 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Sylvaine Boissinot
- Université de Strasbourg, INRA, SVQV UMR-A 1131, 28 rue de Herrlisheim, Colmar, 68021 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Baptiste Monsion
- Université de Strasbourg, INRA, SVQV UMR-A 1131, 28 rue de Herrlisheim, Colmar, 68021 Strasbourg, France.
- INRA, UMR BGPI INRA-CIRAD-SupAgro, CIRAD TA-A54/K, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier, France.
| | - Maryam Rastegar
- Université de Strasbourg, INRA, SVQV UMR-A 1131, 28 rue de Herrlisheim, Colmar, 68021 Strasbourg, France.
- Plant Protection Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Gabriel Clavijo
- Université de Strasbourg, INRA, SVQV UMR-A 1131, 28 rue de Herrlisheim, Colmar, 68021 Strasbourg, France.
| | - David Halter
- Université de Strasbourg, INRA, SVQV UMR-A 1131, 28 rue de Herrlisheim, Colmar, 68021 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Nicole Bochet
- Université de Strasbourg, INRA, SVQV UMR-A 1131, 28 rue de Herrlisheim, Colmar, 68021 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Monique Erdinger
- Université de Strasbourg, INRA, SVQV UMR-A 1131, 28 rue de Herrlisheim, Colmar, 68021 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Véronique Brault
- Université de Strasbourg, INRA, SVQV UMR-A 1131, 28 rue de Herrlisheim, Colmar, 68021 Strasbourg, France.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yu XD, Liu ZC, Huang SL, Chen ZQ, Sun YW, Duan PF, Ma YZ, Xia LQ. RNAi-mediated plant protection against aphids. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2016; 72:1090-8. [PMID: 26888776 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Aphids (Aphididae) are major agricultural pests that cause significant yield losses of crop plants each year by inflicting damage both through the direct effects of feeding and by vectoring harmful plant viruses. Expression of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) directed against suitable insect target genes in transgenic plants has been shown to give protection against pests through plant-mediated RNA interference (RNAi). Thus, as a potential alternative and effective strategy for insect pest management in agricultural practice, plant-mediated RNAi for aphid control has received close attention in recent years. In this review, the mechanism of RNAi in insects and the so far explored effective RNAi target genes in aphids, their potential applications in the development of transgenic plants for aphid control and the major challenges in this regard are reviewed, and the future prospects of using plant-mediated RNAi for aphid control are discussed. This review is intended to be a helpful insight into the generation of aphid-resistant plants through plant-mediated RNAi strategy. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Dao Yu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zong-Cai Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Si-Liang Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Zhi-Qin Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Yong-Wei Sun
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Fei Duan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - You-Zhi Ma
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lan-Qin Xia
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|