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Cheng Y, Cheng Q, Zhang R, Gao JY, Li W, Wang FK, He ZX, Sun QQ, Meng HB, Yu S. Retrospective analysis of molecular characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:309. [PMID: 39174950 PMCID: PMC11340057 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is the second most prevalent Gram-negative bacterium causing bloodstream infections (BSIs). In recent years, the management of BSIs caused by KP has become increasingly complex due to the emergence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP). Although numerous studies have explored the risk factors for the development of CRKP-BSIs, the mortality of patients with KP-BSIs, and the molecular epidemiological characteristics of CRKP, the variability in data across different populations, countries, and hospitals has led to inconsistent conclusions. In this single-center retrospective observational study, we utilized logistic regression analyses to identify independent risk factors for CRKP-BSIs and factors associated with mortality in KP-BSI patients. Furthermore, a risk factor-based prediction model was developed. CRKP isolates underwent whole-genome sequencing (WGS), followed by an evaluation of microbiological characteristics, including antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes, as well as epidemiological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS Our study included a total of 134 patients with KP-BSIs, comprising 50 individuals infected with CRKP and 84 with carbapenem-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae (CSKP). The independent risk factors for CRKP-BSIs were identified as gastric catheterization (OR = 9.143; CI = 1.357-61.618; P = 0.023), prior ICU hospitalization (OR = 4.642; CI = 1.312-16.422; P = 0.017), and detection of CRKP in non-blood sites (OR = 8.112; CI = 2.130-30.894; P = 0.002). Multivariate analysis revealed that microbiologic eradication after 6 days (OR = 3.569; CI = 1.119-11.387; P = 0.032), high Pitt bacteremia score (OR = 1.609; CI = 1.226-2.111; P = 0.001), and inappropriate empirical treatment after BSIs (OR = 6.756; CI = 1.922-23.753; P = 0.003) were independent risk factors for the 28-day mortality in KP-BSIs. The prediction model confirmed that microbiologic eradication after 6.5 days and a Pitt bacteremia score of 4.5 or higher were significant predictors of the 28-day mortality. Bioinformatics analysis identified ST11 as the predominant CRKP sequence type, with blaKPC-2 as the most prevalent gene variant. CRKP stains carried multiple plasmid-mediated resistance genes along with some virulence genes. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the presence of nosocomial transmission of ST11 CRKP within the ICU. CONCLUSIONS The analysis of risk factors for developing CRKP-BSIs and the association between KP-BSIs and 28-day mortality, along with the development of a risk factor-based prediction model and the characterization of CRKP strains, enhances clinicians' understanding of the pathogens responsible for BSIs. This understanding may help in the timely administration of antibiotic therapy for patients with suspected KP-BSIs, potentially improving outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- Department of Basic Medical Laboratory, The 980th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistical Support Force (Bethune International Peace Hospital), Shijiazhuang, 050081, China
| | - Qi Cheng
- Department of Outpatient, The 980th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistical Support Force (Bethune International Peace Hospital), Shijiazhuang, 050081, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Outpatient, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Jie-Ying Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 980th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistical Support Force (Bethune International Peace Hospital), Shijiazhuang, 050081, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 980th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistical Support Force (Bethune International Peace Hospital), Shijiazhuang, 050081, China
| | - Fu-Kun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 980th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistical Support Force (Bethune International Peace Hospital), Shijiazhuang, 050081, China
| | - Zheng-Xin He
- Department of Basic Medical Laboratory, The 980th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistical Support Force (Bethune International Peace Hospital), Shijiazhuang, 050081, China
| | - Qing-Qing Sun
- Department of Basic Medical Laboratory, The 980th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistical Support Force (Bethune International Peace Hospital), Shijiazhuang, 050081, China
| | - Han-Bing Meng
- Department of Basic Medical Laboratory, The 980th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistical Support Force (Bethune International Peace Hospital), Shijiazhuang, 050081, China
| | - Shu Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonggang General Hospital, Chongqing, 400081, China.
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Xiao S, Zhou S, Cao H, Han L, Zhao S, Wang X. Incidence, antimicrobial resistance and mortality of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteraemia in Shanghai, China, 2018-2022. Infect Dis (Lond) 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38963702 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2024.2374980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) accounts for high antimicrobial resistance and mortality rates of bloodstream infections (BSIs). OBJECTIVES To investigate incidence, antimicrobial resistance and risk factors for mortality of KP BSIs in East China. METHODS A retrospective study of patients with KP BSIs was conducted in a tertiary care hospital from 2018 to 2022. Medical records of all hospitalised patients with KP BSIs were reviewed and analysed. The incidence, antimicrobial resistance and mortality of KP BSIs were evaluated. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot survival curves and logistic regression was used to analyse risk factors for crude 30-day mortality. RESULTS A total of 379 inpatients with KP BSIs were enrolled. The incidence of patients with KP BSIs was fluctuating between 4.77 and 9.40 per 100,000 patient-days. The crude 30-day mortality rate of these patients was 26.39%. Of the 379 KPisolates, 197 (51.98%) were carbapenem-resistant (CR) and 252 (66.49%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR). All isolates showed the lowest resistance to tigecycline (13.77%) and polymyxin B (14.61%). Cases with MDR/CR isolates had significantly longer length of hospital stay, higher crude 30-day mortality and medical costs than non-MDR/non-CR isolates. Age, CR phenotype, paracentesis, indwelling central venous catheter (CVC), use of carbapenems, tetracyclines, polymyxins B, and irrational empiric treatment were independently associated with crude 30-day mortality. CONCLUSION MDR/CR KP BSIs are associated with increased mortality, healthcare costs and prolonged hospitalisation. Patients with advanced age, CR phenotype, paracentesis, CVC, exposure to some antibiotics, and irrational empirical antibiotic treatment are at higher mortality risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhen Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Siqi Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwen Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xinyang Center Hospital, Xinyang, China
| | - Lizhong Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengyuan Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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廖 全, 袁 余, 张 为, 邓 劲, 康 梅. [Carbapenemase Genes, Virulence Genes, and Molecular Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Derived From Bloodstream Infections]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2024; 55:391-396. [PMID: 38645859 PMCID: PMC11026891 DOI: 10.12182/20240360202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) isolated from patients with bloodstream infections in a large tertiary-care general hospital in Southwest China. Methods A total of 131 strains of non-repeating CRKP were collected from the blood cultures of patients who had bloodstream infections in 2015-2019. The strains were identified by VITEK-2, a fully automated microbial analyzer, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by microbroth dilution method. The common carbapenemase resistant genes and virulence factors were identified by PCR. Homology analysis was performed by multilocus sequencing typing. Whole genome sequencing was performed to analyze the genomic characteristics of CRKP without carbapenemase. Results The 131 strains of CRKP showed resistance to common antibiotics, except for polymyxin B (1.6% resistance rate) and tigacycline (8.0% resistance rate). A total of 105 (80.2%) CRKP strains carried the Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) resistance gene, 15 (11.4%) strains carried the New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) gene, and 4 (3.1%) isolates carried both KPC and NDM genes. Sequence typing (ST) 11 (74.0%) was the dominant sequence type. High detection rates for mrkD (96.2%), fimH (98.5%), entB (100%), and other virulence genes were reported. One hypervirulent CRKP strain was detected. The seven strains of CRKP that did not produce carbapenemase were shown to carry ESBL or AmpC genes and had anomalies in membrane porins OMPK35 and OMPK36, according to whole genome sequencing. Conclusion In a large-scale tertiary-care general hospital, CRKP mainly carries the KPC gene, has a high drug resistance rate to a variety of antibiotics, and possesses multiple virulence genes. Attention should be paid to CRKP strains with high virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- 全凤 廖
- 四川大学华西医院 实验医学科 (成都 610041)Department of Experimental Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 余 袁
- 四川大学华西医院 实验医学科 (成都 610041)Department of Experimental Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 为利 张
- 四川大学华西医院 实验医学科 (成都 610041)Department of Experimental Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 劲 邓
- 四川大学华西医院 实验医学科 (成都 610041)Department of Experimental Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 梅 康
- 四川大学华西医院 实验医学科 (成都 610041)Department of Experimental Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Lin XC, Li CL, Zhang SY, Yang XF, Jiang M. The Global and Regional Prevalence of Hospital-Acquired Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Open Forum Infect Dis 2024; 11:ofad649. [PMID: 38312215 PMCID: PMC10836986 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Due to scarce therapeutic options, hospital-acquired infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), particularly carbapenem-resistant KP (CRKP), pose enormous threat to patients' health worldwide. This study aimed to characterize the epidemiology and risk factors of CRKP among nosocomial KP infections. Method MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched for studies reporting CRKP prevalence from inception to 30 March 2023. Data from eligible publications were extracted and subjected to meta-analysis to obtain global, regional, and country-specific estimates. To determine the cause of heterogeneity among the selected studies, prespecified subgroup analyses and meta-regression were also performed. Odds ratios of CRKP-associated risk factors were pooled by a DerSimonian and Laird random-effects method. Results We retained 61 articles across 14 countries and territories. The global prevalence of CRKP among patients with KP infections was 28.69% (95% CI, 26.53%-30.86%). South Asia had the highest CRKP prevalence at 66.04% (95% CI, 54.22%-77.85%), while high-income North America had the lowest prevalence at 14.29% (95% CI, 6.50%-22.0%). In the country/territory level, Greece had the highest prevalence at 70.61% (95% CI, 56.77%-84.45%), followed by India at 67.62% (95% CI, 53.74%-81.79%) and Taiwan at 67.54% (95% CI, 58.65%-76.14%). Hospital-acquired CRKP infections were associated with the following factors: hematologic malignancies, corticosteroid therapies, intensive care unit stays, mechanical ventilations, central venous catheter implantations, previous hospitalization, and antibiotic-related exposures (antifungals, carbapenems, quinolones, and cephalosporins). Conclusions Study findings highlight the importance of routine surveillance to control carbapenem resistance and suggest that patients with nosocomial KP infection have a very high prevalence of CRKP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-chen Lin
- Emergency and Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chang-li Li
- Department of FSTC Clinic, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shao-yang Zhang
- Emergency and Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-feng Yang
- Emergency and Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Emergency and Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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5
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Sun X, Zou X, Zhou B, Yin T, Wang P. Comparison of bloodstream and non-bloodstream infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the intensive care unit: a 9-year respective study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1230721. [PMID: 37795412 PMCID: PMC10547144 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1230721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) have received much attention. However, few studies have identified risk factors for CRKP BSIs in comparison to CRKP non-bloodstream infections (non-BSIs). This study aimed to compare the epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes of CRKP BSIs and CRKP non-BSIs. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of patients infected with CRKP in the ICU from January 2012 to December 2020. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between CRKP BSIs and CRKP non-BSIs. Predictors associated with 28-day all-cause mortality in CRKP-infected patients were also evaluated. Results 326 patients infected with CRKP were enrolled, including 96 patients with CRKP BSIs and 230 with CRKP non-BSIs. The rates of CRKP BSIs in CRKP infections were generally raised from 2012 (12.50%) to 2020 (45.76%). Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that the use of carbapenems within the prior 90 days was an independent risk factor for CRKP BSIs (p = 0.019). Compared to CRKP non-BSIs, CRKP isolates in the CRKP BSI group were found to be non-susceptible to more tested carbapenems (p = 0.001). Moreover, the CRKP BSI group exhibited a higher mortality rate (p = 0.036). The non-susceptibility of CRKP isolates to more tested carbapenems (p = 0.025), a high SOFA score (p = 0.000), and the use of antifungal drugs within the prior 90 days (p = 0.018) were significant factors for 28-day all-cause mortality in CRKP-infected patients. Conclusion The proportion of CRKP BSI increased progressively in CRKP-infected patients over 9 years. The use of carbapenems within the prior 90 days was an independent risk factor for the development of CRKP BSIs. The non-susceptibility of CRKP isolates to more tested carbapenems and a higher mortality rate were found in the CRKP BSI group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Lixian People’s Hospital, Lixian, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaocui Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China
| | - Boting Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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6
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Pace MC, Corrente A, Passavanti MB, Sansone P, Petrou S, Leone S, Fiore M. Burden of severe infections due to carbapenem-resistant pathogens in intensive care unit. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:2874-2889. [PMID: 37215420 PMCID: PMC10198073 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i13.2874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Intensive care units (ICU) for various reasons, including the increasing age of admitted patients, comorbidities, and increasingly complex surgical procedures (e.g., transplants), have become "the epicenter" of nosocomial infections, these are characterized by the presence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) as the cause of infection. Therefore, the perfect match of fragile patients and MDROs, as the cause of infection, makes ICU mortality very high. Furthermore, carbapenems were considered for years as last-resort antibiotics for the treatment of infections caused by MDROs; unfortunately, nowadays carbapenem resistance, mainly among Gram-negative pathogens, is a matter of the highest concern for worldwide public health. This comprehensive review aims to outline the problem from the intensivist's perspective, focusing on the new definition and epidemiology of the most common carbapenem-resistant MDROs (Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacterales) to emphasize the importance of the problem that must be permeating clinicians dealing with these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Caterina Pace
- Department of Women, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Antonio Corrente
- Department of Women, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Maria Beatrice Passavanti
- Department of Women, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Pasquale Sansone
- Department of Women, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Stephen Petrou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Sebastiano Leone
- Division of Infectious Diseases, “San Giuseppe Moscati” Hospital, Avellino 83100, Italy
| | - Marco Fiore
- Department of Women, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
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7
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Chen J, Ma H, Huang X, Cui Y, Peng W, Zhu F, Ma S, Rao M, Zhang P, Yang H, Su L, Niu R, Pan P. Risk factors and mortality of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection in a tertiary-care hospital in China: an eight-year retrospective study. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2022; 11:161. [PMID: 36536423 PMCID: PMC9761986 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-022-01204-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection (CRKP-BSI) is increasing worldwide. CRKP-BSI is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality due to limited antibiotic choices. Here, we aim to identify the prevalence and risk factors for infection and mortality of CRKP BSI. METHODS This was a retrospective study of the past data from January 1st, 2012 to December 31st, 2019 of adult patients with KP-BSI in Xiangya Hospital, China. RESULTS Among the 706 incidences included in this study, 27.4% of them (212/753) being CR-KP strains. The occurrence of CRKP-BSI was increased from 20.69 to 37.40% from 2012 to 2019. Hematologic malignancies and ICU acquired infection were identified to be substantial risk factors of carbapenem resistance. The overall 28-day mortality rates of CRKP-BSI patients was significantly higher than that of CSKP-BSI (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis identified severe sepsis or septic shock incidents, inadequate empirical antimicrobial therapy and corticosteroids use preceding infection onset as the independent predictors of 28-day mortality of CRKP-BSI patients. However, high dose carbapenem combination therapy was identified as anticipated factors of low 28-day mortality. CONCLUSION The occurrence of CRKP-BSI was significantly increased during the study period. Hematologic malignancies and ICU acquired infection were associated with the development of CRKP BSI. Severe sepsis or septic shock incidents, inadequate empirical antimicrobial therapy and corticosteroids use preceding infection onset caused significant increase of mortality rates in CRKP-BSI patients. High dose carbapenem combination therapy was associated with better outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 28 Xiangya Road, Kai-Fu District, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Ma
- Department of Infectious Disease, People’s Hospital of Liuyang City, Liuyang, 410300 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Leiyang City, Hengyang, Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Cui
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 28 Xiangya Road, Kai-Fu District, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenzhong Peng
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 28 Xiangya Road, Kai-Fu District, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhu
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 28 Xiangya Road, Kai-Fu District, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyang Ma
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 28 Xiangya Road, Kai-Fu District, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Minjun Rao
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 28 Xiangya Road, Kai-Fu District, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 28 Xiangya Road, Kai-Fu District, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Hang Yang
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 28 Xiangya Road, Kai-Fu District, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Longxiang Su
- grid.413106.10000 0000 9889 6335Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 1st Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruichao Niu
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 28 Xiangya Road, Kai-Fu District, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.512482.8Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People’s Republic of China
| | - Pinhua Pan
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 28 Xiangya Road, Kai-Fu District, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China
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Clinical and Molecular Characterizations of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Causing Bloodstream Infection in a Chinese Hospital. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0169022. [PMID: 36190403 PMCID: PMC9603270 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01690-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bloodstream infection (BSI) caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a serious and urgent threat for hospitalized patients. This study aims to describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of CRKP causing BSI in a tertiary-care hospital in Beijing, China. A total of 146 CRKP strains and 39 carbapenem-susceptible K. pneumoniae (CSKP) strains collected in the hospital from 2017 to 2020 were sent for whole-genome sequencing. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate risk factors for in-hospital mortality of CRKP-BSI cases. Thirty (20.5%) of 146 CRKP-BSI patients and three (7.7%) of 39 CSKP-BSI patients died at discharge (χ2 = 3.471, P = 0.062). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age and use of urinary catheters were independent risk factors for the death of CRKP-BSI. The 146 CRKP isolates belonged to 9 sequence types (STs) and 11 serotypes, while the 39 CSKP isolates belonged to 23 STs and 27 serotypes. The mechanism of carbapenem resistance for all the CRKP strains was the acquisition of carbapenemase, mainly KPC-2 (n = 127). There were 2 predominant serotypes for ST11 CRKP, namely, KL47 (n = 82) and KL64 (n = 42). Some virulent genes, including rmpA2, iucABCD and iutA, and repB gene, which was involved in plasmid replication, were detected in all ST11-KL64 strains. Evolutionary transmission analysis suggested that ST11 CRKP strains might have evolved from KL47 into KL64 and were accompanied by multiple outbreak events. This study poses an urgent need for enhancing infection control measures in the hospital, especially in the intensive care unit where the patients are at high-risk for acquiring CRKP-BSI. IMPORTANCE CRKP-BSI is demonstrated to cause high mortality. In this study, we demonstrated that ST11 CRKP strains might carry many virulent genes. Meanwhile, outbreak events occurred several times in the strains collected. Carbapenemase acquisition (mainly KPC-2 carbapenemase) was responsible for carbapenem resistance of all the 146 CRKP strains. As 2 predominant strains, all ST11-KL64 strains, but not ST11-KL47 strains, carried rmpA2, iucABCD, iutA, as well as a plasmid replication initiator (repB). Our study suggested that the occurrence of region-specific recombination events manifested by the acquisition of some virulence genes might contribute to serotype switching from ST11-KL47 to ST11-KL64. The accumulation of virulent genes in epidemic resistant strains poses a great challenge for the prevention and treatment of BSI caused by K. pneumoniae in high-risk patients.
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9
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Meng H, Han L, Niu M, Xu L, Xu M, An Q, Lu J. Risk Factors for Mortality and Outcomes in Hematological Malignancy Patients with Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Bloodstream Infections. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:4241-4251. [PMID: 35959146 PMCID: PMC9359710 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s374904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to identify risk factors for mortality and outcomes in hematological malignancy (HM) patients with bloodstream infection (BSI) caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP). Methods A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary teaching hospital in Henan Province, China, between January 2018 and December 2021. All BSIs caused by CRKP in hospitalized HM patients were identified. Data on patient demographics, disease, laboratory tests, treatment regimens, outcomes of infection, and the antimicrobial susceptibility of each isolate were collected from medical records. Results A total of 129 patients with CRKP BSI were included in the study, and the 28-day mortality rate was 80.6% (104/129). In Cox analysis an absolute neutrophil count < 500 at discharge (hazard ratio [HR] 6.386, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.074–13.266, p < 0.001), intensive care unit admission (HR 1.834, 95% CI 1.065–3.157, p = 0.029), and higher Pitt bacteremia score (HR 1.185, 95% CI 1.118–1.255, p < 0.001) were independent risk factors associated with 28-day mortality. Survival curve analysis indicated that compared with ceftazidime-avibactam-based therapy, both polymyxin b (HR 8.175, 95% CI 1.099–60.804, p = 0.040) and tigecycline (HR 14.527, 95% CI 2.000–105.541, p =0.008) were associated with a higher risk of mortality. Conclusion In HM patients CRKP BSI resulted in high mortality. Intensive care unit admission, higher Pitt bacteremia score, and absolute neutrophil count < 500 at discharge were independently associated with higher mortality. Early initiation of new agents such as ceftazidime-avibactam may improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou Second People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengxia Niu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou Western Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi An
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingli Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jingli Lu, Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-371-66913047, Email
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10
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Gonçalves Barbosa LC, Silva e Sousa JA, Bordoni GP, Barbosa GDO, Carneiro LC. Elevated Mortality Risk from CRKp Associated with Comorbidities: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:874. [PMID: 35884128 PMCID: PMC9312274 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11070874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae has become a public health problem with therapeutic limitations and high mortality associated with comorbidities. Methods: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis with a search in PubMed, SciELO, and Lilacs. Ten articles were selected, considering cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies. Tests for proportions and relative risk of mortality were performed, considering a 5% threshold for significance. Statistical analyses were performe dusing Rstudio® software, version 4.0.2 of Ross Ihaka and Robert Genleman in Auckland, New Zealand. Results: Klebsiella pneumoniae, associated with chronic kidney disease, was responsible for 26%/258 deaths, chronic lung disease 28%/169, diabetes 31%/185, liver disease 15%/262, and heart disease 51%/262 deaths. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae associated with chronic kidney disease was responsible for 49%/83 deaths, with diabetes 29%/73, and with liver disease 33%/73 deaths. The risk of death from carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae was twice as high as the number of deaths associated with carbapenem-sensitive Klebsiella pneumoniae, RR = 2.07 (p < 0.00001). Conclusions: The present study showed an increase in mortality from carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae when associated with comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Candido Gonçalves Barbosa
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), 235 Street, Neighborhood: Leste Universitário, Goiânia 74605-050, Brazil; (L.C.G.B.); (G.P.B.)
| | - José Arthur Silva e Sousa
- National Institute of Courses, R Six Street, 85 Number, Neighborhood: Oeste, Goiânia 74125-080, Brazil;
| | - Graziela Picciola Bordoni
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), 235 Street, Neighborhood: Leste Universitário, Goiânia 74605-050, Brazil; (L.C.G.B.); (G.P.B.)
| | - Gabriel de Oliveira Barbosa
- Biology Department, FAVENI College, Ângelo Altoé Street, 888 Number, Neighborhood: Venda Nova do Imigrante, Goiânia 29375-000, Brazil;
| | - Lilian Carla Carneiro
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), 235 Street, Neighborhood: Leste Universitário, Goiânia 74605-050, Brazil; (L.C.G.B.); (G.P.B.)
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11
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Yang P, Wu Z, Liu C, Zheng J, Wu N, Wu Z, Yi J, Lu M, Shen N. Clinical Outcomes and Microbiological Characteristics of Sequence Type 11 Klebsiella pneumoniae Infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:889020. [PMID: 35652076 PMCID: PMC9149164 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.889020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sequence type 11 (ST11) Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) is highly prevalent in China and is a typical sequence type among KPC-producing isolates. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and microbiological features of ST11 Kp infections. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Peking University Third Hospital from January 2017 to March 2021. Clinical data were collected from medical records. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and string tests were performed. Whole-genome sequencing was used to analyze the capsular serotypes, detect virulence-associated genes, and perform multilocus sequence typing. The risk of all-cause mortality in ST11 Kp-infected patients was compared to that in non-ST11 Kp-infected patients. Results From 139 patients infected with Kp, 49 ST11 Kp (35.3%) strains were isolated. The Charlson comorbidity index in the ST11 group was higher than that in the non-ST11 group (3.94 ± 1.59 vs. 2.41 ± 1.54, P = 0.001). A greater number of ST11 Kp-infected patients required ICU admission (46.9 vs. 16.7%, P < 0.001) and mechanical ventilation (28.6 vs. 10.0%, P = 0.005). All ST11 isolates presented a multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype, and twenty-nine (59.2%) hypervirulent Kp (hvKp) were identified. Twenty-four ST11 strains presented with hypermucoviscosity. The presence of capsular types K47 and K64 was frequent in the ST11 Kp strains (P < 0.001). The key virulence-associated genes rmpA, rmpA2, iucA, iroB, and peg344 were present in 26.5, 42.9, 59.2, 0, and 26.5% of the isolates, respectively, in the ST11 group. Twenty-one ST11 isolates harbored the combination of iucA+rmpA2. The 30-day mortality rate and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score were significantly higher in ST11 Kp-infected patients than in non-ST11 Kp-infected patients (P < 0.01). ST11 Kp infection appeared to be an independent risk factor for mortality in ST11 Kp-infected patients. Conclusions A high prevalence of the ST11 clone was found in the hospital, which accounted for elevated antimicrobial resistance and exhibited great molecularly inferred virulence. Patients with ST11 Kp infection had a tendency toward increased 30-day mortality and SOFA scores. ST11 Kp infection was an independent risk factor for mortality, suggesting that enhanced surveillance and management are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenchao Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajia Zheng
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangli Wu
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Yi
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Shen
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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12
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Risk factors for infection and mortality caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: a large multicentre case-control and cohort study. J Infect 2022; 84:637-647. [PMID: 35301013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To elucidate the predictors of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infection and help clinicians better identify CRKP infection at an early age. METHODS We conducted a multicentre case-control study of 422 patients with CRKP infection and 948 with carbapenem-susceptible K. pneumoniae (CSKP) infection from March to July 2017. Binary logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for CRKP infection. The subgroups of CRKP respiratory infection, intra-abdominal infection, and bloodstream infection were also evaluated. Patients were followed up for 28 days. Independent risk factors for 28-day crude mortality of CRKP infection were analysed using Cox proportional hazards regression models. RESULTS Longer stay of hospitalization, stay in the ICU, previous exposure to antibacterial agents (especially carbapenems, quinolones, aminoglycosides, and tigecycline), invasive procedures, intravascular catheter use, tracheotomy, or admission to ICU in the preceding 90 days were risk factors for CRKP infection. Carbapenem exposure was the only common predictor of different types of CRKP infection. The 28-day mortality of CRKP infection was 13.1% and was independently associated with sex, admitted unit, and types of infection. CONCLUSIONS Strict policies for antibiotic use, cautious decisions regarding the implementation of invasive procedures, and careful management of patients with catheters, especially intravascular catheters, are necessary to handle CRKP infection.
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13
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Zhou R, Fang X, Zhang J, Zheng X, Shangguan S, Chen S, Shen Y, Liu Z, Li J, Zhang R, Shen J, Walsh TR, Wang Y. Impact of carbapenem resistance on mortality in patients infected with Enterobacteriaceae: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e054971. [PMID: 34907071 PMCID: PMC8672018 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To provide a comprehensive assessment of the impact of carbapenem resistance on mortality among patients infected with Enterobacteriaceae and to explore the source of heterogeneity across studies. DESIGN This systematic review was conducted following the guidelines of Cochrane Guidance and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. DATA SOURCES We conducted a systematic literature search of the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases to identify relevant studies published between 1 January 1994 and 30 August 2020. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA We included primary observational studies published in English that reported the mortality outcomes for hospitalised patients with confirmed infections due to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and carbapenem-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae (CSE). Studies with no comparison group or with a comparison group of patients infected with unconfirmed CSE were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data extraction and assessment of risk bias were conducted independently by two reviewers. The pooled relative risk and risk difference were calculated as effect measures with 95% CIs using a random effects model. The heterogeneity across studies was assessed by Q-statistic and I2 measures. RESULTS Of 10 304 studies initially identified, 50 studies were included in the meta-analyses. The results of the meta-analyses showed that carbapenem resistance has a significant positive effect on the probability of death for patients infected with Enterobacteriaceae for any type of mortality outcome. The results of the stratified analysis and meta-regression suggested that the effect of carbapenem resistance on the risk of death varied by infection type, sample size and year of publication. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that patients with CRE infection still face a greater risk of death than patients with CSE infection do, and an urgent need to develop new antibiotics and appropriate treatments to reduce the risk of death. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020176808.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyin Zhou
- Department of Economics and Trade, College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangming Fang
- Department of Economics and Trade, College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Health Policy and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jinjin Zhang
- Department of Economics and Trade, College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Economics, School of Economics, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuangyue Shangguan
- Department of Economics and Trade, College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shibo Chen
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingbo Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihai Liu
- Agricultural Bio-pharmaceutical Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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14
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Tran TN, Vu DH, Nguyen HA, Abrams S, Bruyndonckx R, Nguyen TT, Tran NM, Trinh TA, Do THG, Pham HN, Nguyen GB, Coenen S. Predicting mortality in intensive care unit patients infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae: A retrospective cohort study. J Infect Chemother 2021; 28:10-18. [PMID: 34535404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although several models to predict intensive care unit (ICU) mortality are available, their performance decreases in certain subpopulations because specific factors are not included. Moreover, these models often involve complex techniques and are not applicable in low-resource settings. We developed a prediction model and simplified risk score to predict 14-day mortality in ICU patients infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae. METHODOLOGY A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data of ICU patients infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae at the largest tertiary hospital in Northern Vietnam during 2016-2018. Logistic regression was used to develop our prediction model. Model performance was assessed by calibration (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve-AUC) and discrimination (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test). A simplified risk score was also constructed. RESULTS Two hundred forty-nine patients were included, with an overall 14-day mortality of 28.9%. The final prediction model comprised six predictors: age, referral route, SOFA score, central venous catheter, intracerebral haemorrhage surgery and absence of adjunctive therapy. The model showed high predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.83; p-value Hosmer-Lemeshow test = 0.92). The risk score has a range of 0-12 corresponding to mortality risk 0-100%, which produced similar predictive performance as the original model. CONCLUSIONS The developed prediction model and risk score provide an objective quantitative estimation of individual 14-day mortality in ICU patients infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae. The tool is highly applicable in practice to help facilitate patient stratification and management, evaluation of further interventions and allocation of resources and care, especially in low-resource settings where electronic systems to support complex models are missing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Ngan Tran
- Department of Family Medicine & Population Health (FAMPOP), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Dinh Hoa Vu
- National Centre of Drug Information and Adverse Drug Reactions Monitoring, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Hoang Anh Nguyen
- National Centre of Drug Information and Adverse Drug Reactions Monitoring, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Department of Pharmacy, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Steven Abrams
- Department of Family Medicine & Population Health (FAMPOP), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics (I-BIOSTAT), Data Science Institute (DSI), Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Robin Bruyndonckx
- Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics (I-BIOSTAT), Data Science Institute (DSI), Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Thi Tuyen Nguyen
- National Centre of Drug Information and Adverse Drug Reactions Monitoring, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nhat Minh Tran
- National Centre of Drug Information and Adverse Drug Reactions Monitoring, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - The Anh Trinh
- Intensive Care Unit, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | | | - Hong Nhung Pham
- Department of Microbiology, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | | | - Samuel Coenen
- Department of Family Medicine & Population Health (FAMPOP), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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15
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Zhang H, Wang J, Zhou W, Yang M, Wang R, Yan X, Cai Y. Risk Factors and Prognosis of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Infections in Respiratory Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Study. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:3297-3305. [PMID: 34447257 PMCID: PMC8382964 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s317233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infections have become a serious threat with high morbidity and mortality. Early identification of risk factors for CRKP infections is important, but these factors are still controversial. Therefore, we aimed to identify the risk factors and clinical outcomes of CRKP infections. Patients and Methods The retrospective, single-center study was carried out in the respiratory intensive care unit of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital from 2017 to 2020. Patients infected with K. pneumoniae were included and categorized into the CRKP group and carbapenem-sensitive K. pneumoniae (CSKP) group based on the susceptibility to carbapenems. The independent risk factors were investigated by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The clinical outcomes were also evaluated between the two groups. Results A total of 138 eligible patients were included in our study, with a median age of 80.5 years (interquartile range: 62.0–86.3), and 78.3% of them were males. Of the 138 patients, there were 97 patients in the CRKP group, and the other 41 were assigned into the CSKP group. Multivariate analysis showed that exposure to ≥three types of comorbidities (OR = 5.465, P = 0.003), previous hospitalization (OR = 4.279, P = 0.006), use of quinolones (OR = 5.872, P = 0.012), and indwelling urinary catheter (OR = 5.035, P = 0.000) were independent risk factors for CRKP infections. The in-hospital mortality rate of the CRKP group was 42.1%, which was higher compared with the CSKP group (17.5%, P = 0.006). Conclusion Exposure to ≥three types of comorbidities, previous hospitalization, use of quinolones, and indwelling urinary catheter were independent risk factors for CRKP infections, which had higher mortality compared with CSKP infections. Early detection of high-risk patients and timely control measures should be implemented to prevent the emergence of CRKP infections and thereby improve the clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Centre of Medicine Clinical Research, Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.,College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Wang
- Centre of Medicine Clinical Research, Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiying Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yang
- Centre of Big Data, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- Centre of Medicine Clinical Research, Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yan
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Cai
- Centre of Medicine Clinical Research, Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
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16
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Lynch JP, Clark NM, Zhanel GG. Escalating antimicrobial resistance among Enterobacteriaceae: focus on carbapenemases. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2021; 22:1455-1473. [PMID: 33823714 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2021.1904891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Over the past few decades, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has skyrocketed globally among bacteria within the Family Enterobacteriaceae (i.e. Enterobacter spp, Klebsiella spp, Escherichia coli, Proteus spp, Serratia marcescens, Citrobacter spp, and others). Enterobacteriaceae are intestinal flora and are important pathogens in nosocomial and community settings. Enterobacteriaceae spread easily between humans and may acquire AMR via plasmids or other mobile resistance elements. The emergence and spread of multidrug resistant (MDR) clones have greatly limited therapeutic options. Some infections are untreatable with existing antimicrobials.Areas covered: The authors discuss the escalation of CRE globally, the epidemiology and outcomes of CRE infections, the optimal therapy, and the potential role of several new antimicrobials to combat MDR organisms. An exhaustive search for literature related to Enterobacteriaceae was performed using PubMed, using the following key words: antimicrobial resistance; carbapenemases; Enterobacterales; Enterobacteriaceae; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Escherichia coli; global epidemiology; metallo-β-lactamases; multidrug resistance; New Delhi Metalloproteinase-1 (NDM-1); plasmidsExpert opinion: Innovation and development of new classes of antibacterial agents are critical to expand effective therapeutic options. The authors encourage the judicious use of antibiotics and aggressive infection-control measures are essential to minimize the spread of AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Lynch
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology;The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Nina M Clark
- The Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | - George G Zhanel
- Department of Medical Microbiology/Infectious Diseases, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Li Q, Zhu J, Kang J, Song Y, Yin D, Guo Q, Song J, Zhang Y, Wang S, Duan J. Emergence of NDM-5-Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and SIM-Producing Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Aseptic Body Fluid in a Large Tertiary Hospital, 2017-2018: Genetic Traits of blaNDM-Like and blaSIM-Like Genes as Determined by NGS. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:3075-3089. [PMID: 32943891 PMCID: PMC7481300 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s261117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To characterize the clinical, resistance, and virulence features of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonaie (CRKP) and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) and also provide an effective selection of drug in CRKP and hvKP treatment. Materials and Methods Twelve strains were collected and investigated these isolates for their antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular features. Resistance mechanisms, virulence-associated genes, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and serotypes were detected by PCR and sequencing. Next general sequencing (NGS) was carried out to determine the features of carbapenem resistance and virulence. The synergistic activity of tigecycline–imipenem (TGC+IPM), tigecycline–meropenem (TGC+MEM), and tigecycline–aztreonam (TGC+ATM) combinations were performed by microdilution checkerboard method. Results Eleven CRKP and one hvKP strains were collected. All strains showed highly sensitive rates to tigecycline (TGC) and amikacin (AMK). NDM (33.3%, 4/12) was the main resistance mechanism and MLST assigned 3 of them to ST11. CTX-M-producing (n = 1) and KPC-2-producing (n = 1) isolates belonged to ST147 and ST11, respectively. The MICs of ATM and quinolones in NDM-1 CRKP and NDM-5 CRKP strains were different. The serotype of the majority strains was KL22KL137 (58.3%, 7/12), hvKP stain belonged to K64. CRKP strains harbored plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (oqxA, oqxB, qnrS, qnrB), β-lactams (blaCTX-M-3), aminoglycosides, type I and type III fimbriae genes, siderophore genes, and transporter and pumps. SIM-producing ST1764 K64 showed typical features of hvKP, showing hypermucoviscosity phenotype. The virulence genes, including rmpA2, alls and aerobactin genes, linked to hvKP, were found in ST1764 hvKP. hvKP was sensitive to quinolone; also, oqxA gene was detected. All TGC combinations showed highly synergistic effects and TGC+IPM was more effective treatment. Conclusion We first identified the NDM-5-producing ST690 CRKP and SIM-producing ST1764 hvKP strains in Shanxi province. Tigecycline-carbapenem combinations were available treatments for CRKP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaying Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbang Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghong Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Junli Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Chief Executive, Willingmed Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinju Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
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