1
|
Qasrawi R, Badrasawi M, Al-Halawa DA, Polo SV, Khader RA, Al-Taweel H, Alwafa RA, Zahdeh R, Hahn A, Schuchardt JP. Identification and prediction of association patterns between nutrient intake and anemia using machine learning techniques: results from a cross-sectional study with university female students from Palestine. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:1635-1649. [PMID: 38512358 PMCID: PMC11329411 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study utilized data mining and machine learning (ML) techniques to identify new patterns and classifications of the associations between nutrient intake and anemia among university students. METHODS We employed K-means clustering analysis algorithm and Decision Tree (DT) technique to identify the association between anemia and vitamin and mineral intakes. We normalized and balanced the data based on anemia weighted clusters for improving ML models' accuracy. In addition, t-tests and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were performed to identify significant differences between the clusters. We evaluated the models on a balanced dataset of 755 female participants from the Hebron district in Palestine. RESULTS Our study found that 34.8% of the participants were anemic. The intake of various micronutrients (i.e., folate, Vit A, B5, B6, B12, C, E, Ca, Fe, and Mg) was below RDA/AI values, which indicated an overall unbalanced malnutrition in the present cohort. Anemia was significantly associated with intakes of energy, protein, fat, Vit B1, B5, B6, C, Mg, Cu and Zn. On the other hand, intakes of protein, Vit B2, B5, B6, C, E, choline, folate, phosphorus, Mn and Zn were significantly lower in anemic than in non-anemic subjects. DT classification models for vitamins and minerals (accuracy rate: 82.1%) identified an inverse association between intakes of Vit B2, B3, B5, B6, B12, E, folate, Zn, Mg, Fe and Mn and prevalence of anemia. CONCLUSIONS Besides the nutrients commonly known to be linked to anemia-like folate, Vit B6, C, B12, or Fe-the cluster analyses in the present cohort of young female university students have also found choline, Vit E, B2, Zn, Mg, Mn, and phosphorus as additional nutrients that might relate to the development of anemia. Further research is needed to elucidate if the intake of these nutrients might influence the risk of anemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radwan Qasrawi
- Department of Computer Science, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
- Department of Computer Engineering, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Manal Badrasawi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, West Bank, Palestine
| | | | | | - Rami Abu Khader
- Department of Computer Science, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Haneen Al-Taweel
- Department of Computer Science, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Reem Abu Alwafa
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, West Bank, Palestine
| | - Rana Zahdeh
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biology, College of Applied Sciences, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron, West Bank, Palestine
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Philipp Schuchardt
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hakami W, Dobie G, Alneami KA, Shaabi M, Essawi K, Saboor M, Madkhali AM, Nahari MH, Almasoudi HH, Akhter MS, Hakami FH, Zarbatan FA, Hakamy A, Chandika RM, Fageehi AA, Mobarki AA, Hamali HA. Assessing Nutritional Anemia Among University Students in Jazan, Saudi Arabia: A Public Health Perspective. J Blood Med 2024; 15:51-60. [PMID: 38352049 PMCID: PMC10863464 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s436673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Nutritional anemia is a significant public health concern worldwide, particularly affecting young adults and children in Saudi Arabia, where inadequate nutrition is considered a primary contributing factor. This study aims to (i) examine the levels of serum iron, folate, and vitamin B12 in young adult students, with a focus on identifying any deficiencies and their association with anemia; (ii) explore the prevalence of mixed-deficiency anemia resulting from deficiencies in serum iron, folate, and vitamin B12 (iii) explore how sociodemographic characteristics and dietary habits influence serum iron, folate, and vitamin B12 levels. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study encompassed 158 young adult students at Jazan University, Saudi Arabia. Blood samples were collected following a comprehensive questionnaire addressing sociodemographic and health characteristics. These samples were analyzed for complete blood count, serum iron, folate, and vitamin B12 levels. Results The findings of this study revealed a significant decrease in serum iron levels, with 70.6% of males and 88% in females exhibiting reduced level. Additionally, low levels of folate were observed in 4% of the study population, while deficiency in vitamin B12 was found in 2.2% of the study population. However, the simultaneous presence of low serum iron levels along with deficiencies in folate or vitamin B12 was not observed in the study participants. Conclusion The study indicates that there is a high incidence of low serum iron and ferritin levels among university students in Saudi Arabia, which poses a considerable public health concern. Conversely, the prevalence of folate and vitamin B12 deficiencies among the students was comparatively low, and notably, there were no cases where these deficiencies were observed alongside iron deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Hakami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gasim Dobie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadija A Alneami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Misk Shaabi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Essawi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Saboor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aymen M Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H Nahari
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan H Almasoudi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S Akhter
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fasial H Hakami
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah A Zarbatan
- Respiratory Care Department, King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan, Ministry of Health, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hakamy
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rama M Chandika
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Fageehi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Mobarki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Almasmoum HA, Iqbal MS, Aljaadi A, Ghafouri K, Qasem AH, Azhar W, Qadhi A, Halawani AJ, Ezzat Abd El-Lateef A, Alharthi A, Khoja A. Prevalence of Undiagnosed Iron Deficiency Anemia and Associated Factors Among Female Undergraduate Medical Students in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e50046. [PMID: 38186469 PMCID: PMC10768742 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type of anemia according to the World Health Organization. Females are more likely to be affected than males. There are several factors causing iron deficiency anemia, such as increased loss of iron, decreased intake of iron, and increased utilization of iron. There are limited research studies evaluating the risk factors that cause anemia among female medical students in Saudi Arabia. For this, the study aimed to identify the prevalence of undiagnosed iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among young female university students and to identify if there is any correlation between IDA and several factors including dietary habits, psychological stress, anxiety status, and body mass index. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional observational study was performed between October 2022 and December 2022 with a sample of 100 healthy female students aged between 19 and 23 years, who were studying at the medical colleges of Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia. Blood samples were collected to perform complete blood count and iron profile tests. Also, a survey was done to find correlation between iron deficiency anemia and dietary intake, drinks, stress, anxiety, and body mass index (BMI). Independent t-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare values for non-anemic with anemic participants, and linear regression tests were used to analyze differences between non-anemic and anemic participants' dietary intake factors and stress and anxiety scores. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS The findings represent an overall prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in female medical students based on the lab finding results. Thus, students were divided into two following groups: anemic (13%) with hemoglobin (Hb) concentration <12 g/dL and non-anemic (84%) with Hb concentration ≥12 g/dL. When comparing the two groups, results showed significant differences in the majority of RBC indices (hematocrit {HCT}, mean corpuscular volume {MCV}, mean corpuscular hemoglobin {MCH}, red cell distribution width {RDW}) and iron profiles, p-value was <0.05. On evaluation of the different types of food consumption, the mean iron intake was around 7 mg/day, and in 65% of the participants, it was below the estimated average requirement (EAR) of iron (8.1 mg/dL). The perceived stress scale (PSS) shows that 63% of the participants experienced moderate stress and 58% reported severe anxiety by the generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) scale. In multiple linear regression, iron was positively associated with hemoglobin concentrations, whereas stress scores were negatively associated with hemoglobin concentrations. CONCLUSION There is a relatively low prevalence of anemia and most of it was found of the microcytic type, indicating that this condition is a common health issue among local female college students. There was no independent association between stress or anxiety and hemoglobin levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hibah A Almasmoum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | | | - Abeer Aljaadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Kholoud Ghafouri
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Ahmed H Qasem
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Wedad Azhar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Alaa Qadhi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Amr J Halawani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | | | - Ashwaq Alharthi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Athar Khoja
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu Y, Niu CF, Wang Y, Ruan Y, Wang L, Li H, Ma BJ. Preparation, structural characteristics and antioxidant activity of polysaccharide and its metal chelates from the peel of Dioscorea oppositifolia L. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37861244 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2255917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Two metal chelates of Dioscorea oppositifolia L. peel polysaccharides (DTP) were prepared: iron chelate (DTP-Fe) and zinc chelate (DTP-Zn). The physicochemical properties of the polysaccharide and its metal chelates were assessed by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infra-red spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by DPPH, ABTS + and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. According to ICP-MS, the iron content of DTP-Fe was 9.47%, while the zinc content of DTP-Zn was 4.02%. The antioxidant capacity of DTP-Fe increased with the increase of concentration, and its overall activity was higher than that of DTP and DTP-Zn. This polysaccharide-iron chelate can be developed and utilised as an antioxidant and multifunctional iron supplement. DTP-Zn showed the potential to be a natural antioxidant and zinc supplement food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Anqing Medical College, Anqing, China
| | - Chao-Fei Niu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Aikexing Biopharmaceurial Corporation, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan Ruan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bing-Ji Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aljebeli S, Albuhairan R, Ababtain N, Almazroa T, Alqahtani S, Philip W. The Prevalence and Awareness of Dietary Supplement Use Among Saudi Women Visiting Fitness Centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e41031. [PMID: 37519554 PMCID: PMC10373514 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary supplements are used for a variety of reasons, some of which are for medical conditions, to compensate for dietary insufficiency, to improve physical performance, and to boost immunity. Generally, individuals who visit sports facilities seek different benefits; it could be for health and well-being, to achieve the desired body shape, for enjoyment purposes, or as a way to socialize. To help achieve some of these goals, dietary supplements can be taken. Aims This study is designed to assess the prevalence and awareness of dietary supplement use among Saudi women who frequent fitness centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in November 2021 among Saudi women who visited gyms in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The sample consisted of 355 participants, all of whom were women from Saudi Arabia. The statistical analysis was done using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), Version 21.0 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). Necessary statistical tests such as the chi-square, the t-test, and other appropriate tests were used. A p-value of less than 0.05 has been adopted for statistical significance. Results The majority of the 355 female participants consumed dietary supplements (68.7%). The most commonly used supplements were vitamins (82.8%), amino acids and proteins (30.3%), minerals (22.1%), and fatty acids (3.3%). In the study group, 53.3% of those who were using or used supplements had previous knowledge; 13.1% were up-to-date; and 33.6% weren't. No relationship was found between supplement use and educational level, weight, body mass index (BMI), or marital status. Conclusion Dietary supplement use is common among women who visited gyms in Saudi Arabia. Vitamins were the most commonly used supplements, which suggests that users were more concerned about general health and diet deficiencies than anything else. The participants use dietary supplements cautiously; the majority consume dietary supplements under a doctor's prescription and after reading the leaflets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahad Aljebeli
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, SAU
| | - Reem Albuhairan
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, SAU
| | - Nouf Ababtain
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, SAU
| | - Taima Almazroa
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, SAU
| | - Saeed Alqahtani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Winnie Philip
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, SAU
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Al Khamees M, Alqurain AA, Alsaleh AA, Alhashem YA, AlSaffar N, Alibrahim NN, Aljunibi FA, Alradwan Z, Almohammade N, AlAlwan B. Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and its Association With Breast Cancer in Premenopausal Compared to Postmenopausal Women in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Cancer Inform 2023; 22:11769351231172589. [PMID: 37223318 PMCID: PMC10201173 DOI: 10.1177/11769351231172589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential cofactor needed for normal functions of various enzymes and its depletion lead to increase DNA damage, genomic instability, deteriorate innate, adaptive immunity, and promote tumor development. It is also linked to tumorigenesis of breast cancer cells through enhancing mammary tumor growth and metastasis. There is insufficient data describing this association in Saudi Arabia. This study aims to determine the prevalence of iron deficiency and its association with breast cancer among premenopausal and postmenopausal women referred for breast cancer screening center in Al Ahsa, Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Age, hemoglobin level, iron level, history of anemia, or iron deficiency were collected from patients' medical records. The included participants were grouped based on their age into premenopausal (<50 years) or postmenopausal (⩾50 years). The definition of low Hb implemented (Hb below 12 g/dL) and low total serum Iron levels (below 8 μmol/L). Logistic regression test was used to compute the association between having a positive cancer screening test (radiological or histocytological) and participant's lab results. The results are presented as odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Thrree hundred fifty-seven women were included, 77% (n = 274) of them were premenopausal. This group cases had more history of iron deficiency (149 [60%] vs 25 (30%), P = .001) compared to those in the postmenopausal group. The risk of having a positive radiological cancer screening test was associated with age (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.06), but negatively was associated with iron level (OR = 0.9, 95% CI 0.86-0.97) among the entire cohort. This study is the first to propose an association between iron deficiency and breast cancer among Saudi young females. This could suggest iron level as a new risk factor that may be used by clinicians to assess breast cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Al Khamees
- Clinical Laboratory Department, King
Fahad Hospital Hoffuf, Hoffuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen A Alqurain
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed
Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmonem A Alsaleh
- Medical Laboratory Science Department,
Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef A Alhashem
- Medical Laboratory Science Department,
Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nida AlSaffar
- Medical Laboratory Science Department,
Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura N Alibrahim
- Medical Laboratory Science Department,
Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fardus A Aljunibi
- Medical Laboratory Science Department,
Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaheda Alradwan
- Medical Laboratory Science Department,
Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nesreen Almohammade
- Foundation Year Department, Mohammed
Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader AlAlwan
- Medical Laboratory Science Department,
Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li D, Yao X, Gou Q, Cao G, Xu K, Yang Y. In vitro oxidation and digestibility profiles of iron-loaded whey protein isolate/gum Arabic complexes with different morphologies. Food Funct 2023; 14:1227-1237. [PMID: 36621532 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03204j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the promotion of oxidation of lipids in oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions and digestive properties of the bionic dynamic gastrointestinal system of whey protein isolate (WPI) and gum arabic (GA) complexes loaded with iron ions, which were fabricated previously and shown as WPI/GAFe3+ nanoparticles (WGS) and WPI/GAFe3+ fibers (WGF). Compared with emulsions containing Fe3+ and GA-loaded complex (GAFe3+), WGS and WGF greatly improved the oxidative stability of lipids along with the reduced lipid oxidation products and volatile compounds, attributed to the encapsulation of iron ions. During the bionic dynamic gastrointestinal digestion, the iron ion release of WGF was significantly higher than that of WGS, probably due to different assembled internal structures. Accordingly, two proposed WPI/GAFe3+ complexes with different morphologies are expected to be developed as novel stable iron fortifiers with delayed lipid oxidation and controlled iron-ion release in food emulsions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, PR China.
| | - Xiaolin Yao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, PR China.
| | - Qingxia Gou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, PR China.
| | - Guifang Cao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, PR China.
| | - Kai Xu
- School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Yongli Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Althunibat OY, Saghir SAM, Aladaileh SH, Rawadieh A. The impact of weight loss diet programs on anemia, nutrient deficiencies, and organ dysfunction markers among university female students: A cross-sectional study. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Practicing restricted weight loss diet programs (WLDPs) without proper supervision can result in nutritional deficiency, which can lead to the development of several nutritional disorders. The current cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the impact of WLDPs practiced by university female students on the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies, anemia, and organs dysfunction, and to assess the association of identified anomalies with dieting practices and dietary habits of university female students. A total of 185 (105 dieting and 80 non-dieting) volunteers’ female students at Al-Hussein Bin Talal University participated in this study. After the participants answered a questionnaire, blood samples were collected for hematological and biochemical analysis, and the body mass index (BMI) was determined. The results show that there were no significant differences between dieting and non-dieting groups in biochemical markers of kidney and liver functions as well as serum levels of copper, zinc, and folate. On the other hand, dieting participants exhibited significantly lower level of hemoglobin, serum ferritin, iron, and vitamin B12 than encounter group (p<0.05). Attempting WLDPs significantly increased the prevalence of anemia (46.7%), iron deficiency (57.1%), and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) (41.9%), comparing to non-dieting students (28.7%, 33.8%, and 15.0%, respectively) (p<0.005). Chi-square test showed that the development of anemia among dieting girls was significantly dependence of several factors including BMI category, source and duration of the diet programs, and skipping breakfast (p<0.05). In conclusion, young girls attempting WLDPs without professional guidance are more prone to the risk of nutrients deficiencies and the development nutritional disorders like IDA. An educational program should be employed to teach young females on when and how to adopt healthy WLDPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osama Y. Althunibat
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Medical Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an, JORDAN
| | - Sultan Ayesh Mohammed Saghir
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Medical Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an, JORDAN
| | - Saleem Hmoud Aladaileh
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Medical Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an, JORDAN
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an, JORDAN
| | - Atikah Rawadieh
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Medical Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an, JORDAN
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Belali TM. Iron deficiency anaemia: prevalence and associated factors among residents of northern Asir Region, Saudi Arabia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19170. [PMID: 36357664 PMCID: PMC9649663 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23969-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency anaemia is known to be one of the most common disorders that are associated with malnutrition. This study was conducted to form an understanding of the prevalence of Iron deficiency Anaemia (IDA) and evaluate its risk factors among the residents of the northern Asir Region, Saudi Arabia. Understanding the prevalence of IDA in different populations is important not only for therapeutic purposes but also for preventing the development of IDA in a given community. Moreover, this study was conducted to raise awareness about the significance of following iron-rich diet among high-risk groups such as women and children. This study collected data from 683 anaemic patients who are enrolled at the haematology unit in the Department of Internal Medicine at King Abdullah Hospital, Bisha Saudi Arabia. 398 participants who have IDA were included in this study where the collected data from the subjects included Age, gender, education, marital status, nationality, consanguinity, dietary habits and the clinical presentation of the participants. Our findings have shown that the prevalence of IDA among the participants is 58.27% where children under the age of 10 and females are the most affected individuals. Adults over 40, unmarried, and non-Saudis represented the second most affected portion of the subjects. IDA was prevalent among participants who shared the same ancestors and individuals with limited education. Moreover, participants did not consume sufficient iron and iron enhancing food or supplements. Inadequate iron intake is a major risk factor for anaemia. Low red fish and meat consumption contributed to the increase in ID. Findings highlight the need to raise awareness about the importance of a balanced diet and regular consumption of iron-containing food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tareg M. Belali
- grid.494608.70000 0004 6027 4126Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, 255, Al Nakhil, Bisha, 67714 Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin-Equivalent Potentially Detects, Diagnoses and Discriminates between Stages of Iron Deficiency with High Sensitivity and Specificity. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195675. [PMID: 36233545 PMCID: PMC9572493 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a global health problem affecting the quality of life of more than 2 billion individuals. The current practice guidelines diagnose and monitor IDA via conventional hematological and iron biomarkers, which take several months before they are corrected under an iron-treatment plan. Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (Ret-He) is used as a marker in most new hematology analyzers to assess iron incorporation into erythrocyte hemoglobin directly. This study aims to examine the efficacy of Ret-He as a marker for iron deficiency (ID) and IDA and investigate whether Ret-He is sensitive to iron therapy. Methods: Two blood samples were drawn from 182 participants for CBC and iron profile measurements. Follow-up samples were drawn from participants with a confirmed diagnosis of ID and/or IDA. Results: Ret-He levels were lower in the ID and IDA groups compared to the control (p < 0.0001), and lower in the IDA group compared to the ID group (p < 0.0001). Ret-He was correlated with ferritin at ID level (<30.0 mg/mL; r = 0.39) and severe IDA (<13.0 ng/mL; p-value < 0.01, r = 0.57). Cut-off values of <28.25 pg for ID and <21.55 pg for IDA showed a higher specificity and sensitivity (ID; AUC: 0.99, sensitivity: 92.73%, specificity: 97.87%) and (IDA; AUC: 0.94, sensitivity: 90.63%, specificity: 92.31%). Finally, Ret-He successfully reflected the iron therapy (p < 0.001) when compared to hemoglobin (Hb) (p = 0.1). Conclusions: Ret-He is a potential marker for detecting and diagnosing different stages of ID with high validity and is very sensitive in reflecting the iron incorporation in a short time.
Collapse
|
11
|
Shaheen NA, Rehan H, Moghairi A, Gmati G, Damlaj M, Salama H, Rather M, Mendoza MA, Alanazi A, Al Ahmari B, Al Zahrani M, Al-Hejazi A, Alaskar AS. Hematological indices in the adult saudi population: Reference intervals by gender, age, and region. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:901937. [PMID: 35966855 PMCID: PMC9366111 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.901937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hematological parameters are critical in disease diagnosis, management, and monitoring; however, complete blood count (CBC) reference intervals vary across populations. The aim of the current study was to provide the reference ranges of hematological parameters/indices in the healthy adult Saudi population. Methods A multicenter retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of employees who were screened pre-employment from January 2015 to December 2019, at tertiary care hospitals in three regions. Demographic and CBC data were extracted from the electronic health system. The 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles were used to determine the reference intervals. Results Of a total of 1,388 participants, 53.82% were male. The majority 96% was less than 40 years old, and 85% were from the Central region. Gender-related differences were observed for the RBC count, Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and the platelet count. Age-related differences were observed for the RBC, Hb, HCT, and eosinophils. The WBC parameters did not differ by gender or age categories. Region-related differences were observed for the RBC, hemoglobin, HCT, MCV, WBC, and basophils. The platelet count was higher in the female group, the age group 40 years and above, and in the Western region. The prevalence of anemia was high in the female group and the Eastern region. The overall neutropenia rate was 12.8%. Conclusion The data from this study provide hematological parameter reference ranges for the adult Saudi population by gender, age, and region. Gender and age-related differences were observed for the hematological parameters. Anemia was more frequent in the female group and the Eastern region. Caution must be taken when comparing or interpreting results from different age groups, gender, region of origin, and ethnicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naila A. Shaheen
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hina Rehan
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Divisions of Adult Hematology and SCT, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej Moghairi
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giamal Gmati
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Divisions of Adult Hematology and SCT, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Society of Blood and Marrow Transplant, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moussab Damlaj
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Divisions of Adult Hematology and SCT, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Society of Blood and Marrow Transplant, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind Salama
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Divisions of Adult Hematology and SCT, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Society of Blood and Marrow Transplant, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq Rather
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Divisions of Adult Hematology and SCT, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Anne Mendoza
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Alanazi
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Al Ahmari
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Divisions of Adult Hematology and SCT, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Society of Blood and Marrow Transplant, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsen Al Zahrani
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Divisions of Adult Hematology and SCT, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Society of Blood and Marrow Transplant, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Al-Hejazi
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Divisions of Adult Hematology and SCT, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Society of Blood and Marrow Transplant, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S. Alaskar
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard–Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Divisions of Adult Hematology and SCT, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Society of Blood and Marrow Transplant, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Ahmed S. Alaskar ; orcid.org/0000-0002-0648-3256
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Haemoglobin status to determine nutritional anaemia and its association with breakfast skipping and BMI among nursing undergraduates of Farasan Island, KSA. J Nutr Sci 2022; 11:e36. [PMID: 35720169 PMCID: PMC9161037 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2022.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine nutritional anaemia using haemoglobin levels of female nursing undergraduates studying at Farasan Island with the purpose to intervene at a point, before the potential problems become serious later in life. In total, 130 apparently healthy, female students of Department of Nursing were recruited by a random sampling method to collect information on socio-demographic, lifestyle and anthropogenic characteristics, and dietary habits including breakfast skipping. Haemoglobin content was estimated using Sahli's Haemoglobinometer and observations were interpreted as per WHO's criteria for anaemia. Body mass index (BMI) was recorded using a digital weighing machine. Correlation between haemoglobin concentration, breakfast skipping and body mass index of study participants was assessed by Pearson's correlation. Data analyses were done using Origin software. Overall, 51⋅6 % (n = 67) students were all together anaemic with 28⋅5 % (n = 37) had mild anaemia, 15⋅4 % (n = 20) moderate and 7⋅69 % (n = 10) had severe anaemia. Of these, 20⋅8 % (n = 27) were underweight, 63⋅8 % (n = 83) normal weight and 15⋅4 % (n = 20) were above normal weight (over weight and obese). The Hb content showed a positive correlation with the BMI and exhibited an increasing trend with increase in the BMI among study participants (P < 0⋅05). Questionnaire analyses revealed that the majority (96⋅9 %, n = 126) of students were taking junk food as bulk of their meal. A strong negative correlation was recorded between Hb contents and breakfast skipping tendencies (r = −0⋅987, P < 0⋅05). Findings of the present study are of high significance for public health professionals and educators to prioritise actions that could motivate these future nurses to adapt healthy lifestyles to strategically combat nutritional anaemia.
Collapse
|
13
|
Anemia Burden among Hospital Attendees in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Anemia 2022; 2022:4709119. [PMID: 35495413 PMCID: PMC9054465 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4709119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anemia is a major health problem in Saudi Arabia and has multiple etiologies. Many studies have been conducted in Saudi Arabia in specific population groups like school children, adolescents, university students, and females in the reproductive age group, and most have reported high prevalence of anemia. This study was conducted in a specialist hospital in Makkah city and includes all outpatients aged 15 years and above. Objective To study the burden of anemia among hospital attendees, its stratification based on gender and age, and its severity along with the morphological types of anemia. Methods This is a study conducted at a specialist hospital in Makkah city and one-month data were collected retrospectively from the laboratory database and include demographic and routine hematological results of complete blood count (CBC). Results A total of 21,524 patients were included, out of which 9444 (43.9%) were males and 12020 (56.1%) were females. The overall prevalence of anemia was 38.7% (8339). Prevalence was very high in females, accounting for 68.2% (5689), whereas it was 31.8% (2650) in males. There were 39.6% (3301), 43.9% (3657), and 16.6% (1381) cases of mild, moderate, and severe anemia, respectively. In females, anemia was more prevalent in the age group of 15 to 49, which is considered as the reproductive age group. Microcytic anemia was the most prevalent type observed in this age group, accounting for 40.7% of all anemia cases. Normocytic anemia was more prevalent in the males, accounting for 52%. Conclusion Our study showed high prevalence of anemia among the patients attending outpatient departments in a specialist hospital. Females have high prevalence of anemia when compared to male population. Microcytic anemia was the most common anemia type among females and was seen in the 15–49 age group. There is an increase in prevalence of anemia with age for males, whereas, in females, increased prevalence is observed in the reproductive age groups and the anemia prevalence maintained a steady decrease towards the 5th to the 9th decades. Normocytic anemia was more prevalent in the 5th to the 9th decades, indicating that there are more etiologies other than iron deficiency in the causation of anemia. Macrocytic anemia was the least reported anemia type. Anemia of mild and moderate severity was predominant in both genders, although severe anemia showed higher prevalence in females as compared to males. Conclusion Our study showed high prevalence of anemia among the patients attending outpatient departments in a specialist hospital. Females have high prevalence of anemia when compared to male population. Microcytic anemia was the most common anemia type among females and was seen in the 15–49 age group. There is an increase in prevalence of anemia with age for males, whereas, in females, increased prevalence is observed in the reproductive age groups and the anemia prevalence maintained a steady decrease towards the 5th to the 9th decades. Normocytic anemia was more prevalent in the 5th to the 9th decades, indicating that there are more etiologies other than iron deficiency in the causation of anemia. Macrocytic anemia was the least reported anemia type. Anemia of mild and moderate severity was predominant in both genders, although severe anemia showed higher prevalence in females as compared to males. Conclusion. Anemia is highly prevalent in adolescents, adults, and the elderly in Makkah region. The most common cause is thought to be iron deficiency, although other causes are not uncommon. The authorities need to address the problem of prevention and reduction in anemia prevalence by taking effective measures and interventions.
Collapse
|
14
|
Al-Daghri NM, Yakout S, Ghaleb A, Hussain SD, Sabico S. Iron and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:1387-1405. [PMID: 35422903 PMCID: PMC8991132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Iron and vitamin D deficiencies are some of the most common health problems in the world. Iron is essential in oxygen transport and participates in many enzymatic systems in the body, with important roles in vitamin D metabolism. Osteoporosis is one of the most prevalent chronic disease of the elderly in the world as well as in the Saudi population. The relationship between iron, vitamin D deficiency and bone health comes from clinical observations in iron overload patients who suffered bone loss. The opposite scenario, whether iron and vitamin D deficiencies affect bone metabolism, has not been fully addressed. This is of great interest, as this nutrient deficiency is a worldwide public health problem and at the same time osteoporosis and bone alterations are highly prevalent. The relationship between 25(OH)D and iron deficiencies with osteoporosis is unknown up to date. This review presents the current knowledge on nutritional iron and vitamin D deficiencies in bone remodeling, and discuss the link between iron and bone metabolism among postmenopausal women. Finally, it is hypothesized that chronic iron and vitamin D deficiencies induces bone resorption and risk of osteoporosis, thus complete recovery from anemia and its prevention should be promoted in order to improve quality of life including bone health. Several mechanisms are implicated; hence, further investigation on the possible impact of iron and vitamin D deficiencies on the development of osteoporosis is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasser M Al-Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sobhy Yakout
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan Ghaleb
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Danish Hussain
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaun Sabico
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Alsagaby SA. A comprehensive study on abnormalities associated with red blood cells in Saudi adult patients. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2022; 16:30-36. [PMID: 35024032 PMCID: PMC8721215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present work aimed to study red blood cells (RBCs) parameters data of Saudi patients to cover hematological patterns and evaluate abnormality prevalence. METHODS RBCs parameters data of adult Saudi patients who attended Prince Nasser bin Saad Al-Sudairy Hospital in Alghat province between January 1, 2019 and December 31 2019 were collected and studied. RESULTS The study included 1663 patients; 814 (49%) males and 849 (51%) females. The proportion of patients with anemia as defined by low levels of hemoglobin (Hb) was similar in males (20%) and females (21%) with a clear drop in the percentage of anemia among females aged 51-65 years. Data from Alghat province showed bigger proportion of patients with macrocytic anemia (high mean cell volume [MCV] = 35% in males and 25% in females) compared with microcytic anemia (low MCV = 7% in males and 19% in females). Microcytic hypochromic anemia was found to be common in women (18%) compared with men (6%), with the highest prevalence being detected in females (31%) at age 46-50. CONCLUSION This is the first study to shed light on RBCs data from Alghat province, and provide insights into anemia in adults. Anemia was seen in 20-21% of the patients, with macrocytic anemia being the most prevalent type of anemia in the studied population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suliman A. Alsagaby
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia,Address for correspondence: Suliman A. Alsagaby, Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia. Mobile: +966-542552749. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Al-Amer OM, Oyouni AAA, Alshehri MA, Alasmari A, Alzahrani OR, Aljohani SAS, Alasmael N, Theyab A, Algahtani M, Al Sadoun H, Alsharif KF, Hamad A, Abdali WA, Hawasawi YM. Association of SNPs within TMPRSS6 and BMP2 genes with iron deficiency status in Saudi Arabia. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257895. [PMID: 34780475 PMCID: PMC8592490 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) remains a major health obstacle. This health condition has been identified in 47% of pre-school students (aged 0 to 5 years), 42% of pregnant females, and 30% of non-pregnant females (aged 15 to 50 years) worldwide according to the WHO. Environmental and genetic factors play a crucial role in the development of IDA; genetic testing has revealed the association of a number of polymorphisms with iron status and serum ferritin. AIM The current study aims to reveal the association of TMPRSS6 rs141312 and BMP2 rs235756 with the iron status of females in Saudi Arabia. METHODS A cohort of 108 female university students aged 18-25 years was randomly selected to participate: 50 healthy and 58 classified as iron deficient. A 3-5 mL sample of blood was collected from each one and analyzed based on hematological and biochemical iron status followed by genotyping by PCR. RESULTS The genotype distribution of TMPRSS6 rs141312 was 8% (TT), 88% (TC) and 4% (CC) in the healthy group compared with 3.45% (TT), 89.66% (TC) and 6.89% (CC) in the iron-deficient group (P = 0.492), an insignificant difference in the allelic distribution. The genotype distribution of BMP2 rs235756 was 8% (TT), 90% (TC) and 2% (CC) in the healthy group compared with 3.45% (TT), 82.76% (TC) and 13.79% (CC) in iron-deficient group (P = 0.050) and was significantly associated with decreased ferritin status (P = 0.050). In addition, TMPRSS6 rs141312 is significantly (P<0.001) associated with dominant genotypes (TC+CC) and increased risk of IDA while BMP2 rs235756 is significantly (P<0.026) associated with recessive homozygote CC genotypes and increased risk of IDA. CONCLUSION Our finding potentially helps in the early prediction of iron deficiency in females through the genetic testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osama M. Al-Amer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif Abdulwahab A. Oyouni
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ali Alshehri
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alasmari
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman R. Alzahrani
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Ali S. Aljohani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Alrayan Colleges, Almadinah Almunawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura Alasmael
- King Abdullah University for Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Theyab
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital, Mecca, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Algahtani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital, Mecca, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeel Al Sadoun
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalaf F. Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Hamad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Wed A. Abdali
- Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef MohammedRabaa Hawasawi
- Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bazarbaeva S, Dinmukhamedova A, Tleubergenova G, Rakhimzhanova Z, Sembekova K, Karbayeva S, Kuandykova E. Morphofunctional and Hematological Characteristics of Health in Students from the Northern and Southern Regions of Kazakhstan. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed at investigating morphofunctional and hematological features of the first-year students’ health condition. The health status for a total of 400 first-year students, who arrived for studying from the northern region (North Kazakhstan) and the southern region (Turkestan, Kyzylorda), was estimated during the study. The morphological (BMI, vital lung capacity, etc.) and hematological (the total number of red blood cells, white blood cells, the concentration of hemoglobin in the blood, etc.) indicators of the health status were investigated. By comparing the condition of physical health in students from both regions, a significant difference in main morphofunctional and hematological indices has been established. The functional indicators of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems were higher in students from the southern region, which reflects a good adaptive reaction to studying at a university, as well as new climatic and geographical conditions. Students from the southern region were reported to have lower red blood cell amounts and diagnosed with mild anemia compared to those from the northern region. Therefore, constant monitoring of the health condition among youth is required to develop effective tactics for the students’ smooth adjusting to living in new climatic conditions.
Collapse
|
18
|
Zaidi SF, Mgarry R, Alsanea A, Almutairi SK, Alsinnari Y, Alsobaei S, Ahmed K. A Questionnaire-Based Survey to Assess the Level of Knowledge and Awareness about Drug-Food Interactions among General Public in Western Saudi Arabia. PHARMACY 2021; 9:pharmacy9020076. [PMID: 33917944 PMCID: PMC8167613 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy9020076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Various drug-food interactions exist that may hinder treatment and can sometimes be lethal. Our aim was to assess the level of public knowledge and awareness in Jeddah city, Western Saudi Arabia, about drug-food interactions, along with the effects of demographics on their knowledge. Methods: A survey questionnaire was administered in this cross-sectional study to participants spread across multiple locations in Jeddah, including in malls and public gatherings. Participants included both males and females. Sample size was calculated through Raosoft® software. Data analysis was executed using IBM Statistic SPSS and the level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 410 people participated in the study and only 92.68% (380) of responses were enrolled in the study; 7.32% (30) were not enrolled due to the exclusion criteria. Surprisingly, only six out of eighteen questions regarding drug-food interactions in the administered questionnaire were correctly answered by 380 participants. Data indicated that the participants had a poor to intermediate level of both knowledge and awareness with respect to drug-food interactions. Furthermore, participants showed moderate to strong awareness of the effects of alcohol and tea generally, and their interaction with medication. Conclusion: Participants in our study showed inadequate knowledge of basic and fundamental information about drug-food interactions, which highlights the dire need to increase awareness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Faisal Zaidi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia; (R.M.); (A.A.); (S.K.A.); (Y.A.); (S.A.); (K.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Batterjee Medical College for Sciences and Technology, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-553543869
| | - Rayan Mgarry
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia; (R.M.); (A.A.); (S.K.A.); (Y.A.); (S.A.); (K.A.)
| | - Abdullah Alsanea
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia; (R.M.); (A.A.); (S.K.A.); (Y.A.); (S.A.); (K.A.)
| | - Sakar Khalid Almutairi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia; (R.M.); (A.A.); (S.K.A.); (Y.A.); (S.A.); (K.A.)
| | - Yaser Alsinnari
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia; (R.M.); (A.A.); (S.K.A.); (Y.A.); (S.A.); (K.A.)
| | - Saad Alsobaei
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia; (R.M.); (A.A.); (S.K.A.); (Y.A.); (S.A.); (K.A.)
| | - Kanwal Ahmed
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia; (R.M.); (A.A.); (S.K.A.); (Y.A.); (S.A.); (K.A.)
- Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah 21461, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mohammed O, Dyab N, Kheadr E, Dabour N. Effectiveness of inulin-type on the iron bioavailability in anemic female rats fed bio-yogurt. RSC Adv 2021; 11:1928-1938. [PMID: 35424181 PMCID: PMC8693641 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08873k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-documented that iron deficiency leads to anemia, which is the utmost critical problem of nutrition worldwide. Inulin, indigestible polysaccharides, or prebiotic agents may act as vehicles to enhance the iron bioavailability through the formation of the polysaccharide-iron complex. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic effects of yogurt fortified with iron and supplemented by long- or short-chain inulin on the growth status, blood parameters, antioxidant capacity, and liver function enzymes in anemic rats. Five animal groups were assigned as the control (G1), which were fed a standard diet and there were four anemic groups, in which haemolytic anemia was induced by phenylhydrazine. The anemic rats were divided into 4 groups according to the regime of feeding as G2: control anemic group fed low-iron diet while the remaining anemic groups were fed yogurt fortified with Fe2(SO4)3 without inulin (G3) or with either long- (G4) or short-chain (G5) inulin. The results showed that the animals subjected to treatment G4 had the highest (P ≤ 0.05) weight gain and organ coefficient compared with other anemic groups (G2, G3, and G5). Among the anemic groups, the animals that belonged to G4 showed a significant restorative effect by returning the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels and the red blood cell count to the normal control liver. Also, the liver iron content, enzymatic activities, and antioxidant capacities improved in the animals subjected to G4 and G5 treatment groups. The histological structures of the liver tissues of the animals that belonged to G4 and G5 were extremely close to that of the normal control liver. Long-chain inulin-containing yogurt exhibited the best effects in terms of iron supplementation, bioavailability, and antioxidant activities. This formula might be a potential new iron supplement and a good functional food candidate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osama Mohammed
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha Dyab
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory (FFNL), Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria 21545 Alexandria Egypt +20-35922780 +20-35921960 +20-35921862 +20-35915427
| | - Ehab Kheadr
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory (FFNL), Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria 21545 Alexandria Egypt +20-35922780 +20-35921960 +20-35921862 +20-35915427
| | - Nassra Dabour
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory (FFNL), Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria 21545 Alexandria Egypt +20-35922780 +20-35921960 +20-35921862 +20-35915427
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Owaidah T, Al-Numair N, Al-Suliman A, Zolaly M, Hasanato R, Al Zahrani F, Albalawi M, Bashawri L, Siddiqui K, Alalaf F, Almomen A, Sajid MR. Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia Are Common Epidemiological Conditions in Saudi Arabia: Report of the National Epidemiological Survey. Anemia 2020; 2020:6642568. [PMID: 33936813 PMCID: PMC8056870 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6642568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency is the most prevalent nutritional deficiency worldwide. According to an estimate by the World Health Organization, up to 27% of the world's population experience iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Studies conducted in the Middle East, including Saudi Arabia, have suggested that IDA is the most common cause of anemia, especially among females. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of IDA and iron deficiency (ID) among apparently healthy young university students from four regions in Saudi Arabia. Students were asked to complete a simple survey questionnaire; blood samples were then collected and analyzed after obtaining informed consent. A total of 981 students completed the survey, with 11% of the participants reporting symptoms of anemia; 34% of participants were diagnosed with IDA and 6% reported a diagnosis of hemoglobinopathy. Blood analysis confirmed the prevalence of ID and IDA in 28.6% and 10.7% of the participants, respectively; those with ID and IDA were mostly females (88.5% and 94%, resp.). Thalassemia trait and sickle cell trait were detected in 1.3% and 7% of participants, respectively. Our findings from a national survey among young university in Saudi Arabia indicate a high prevalence of ID and IDA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Owaidah
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & RC, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Al-Numair
- Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Al-Suliman
- Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Zolaly
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Hasanato
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Al Zahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohameed Albalawi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Layla Bashawri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khawar Siddiqui
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Alalaf
- Department of Medical Genetics, Umm Al-Qura University Faculty of Medicine, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkareem Almomen
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jain D, Grover K, Choudhary M. Study on Breakfast Consumption Pattern and Its Outcomes in Relation to Hematological and Body Composition Indices among Adolescent Girls. Ecol Food Nutr 2020; 59:675-691. [PMID: 32568560 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2020.1778474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Breakfast consumption is of utmost importance for adolescents to attain nutritional adequacy. The association of breakfast skipping with overall nutritional status has been supported with little causal evidences. Therefore, the present investigation was undertaken to examine this conjecture. A total of 500 adolescent girls from rural and urban government schools of Ludhiana District in the Punjab State of India in the age group of 16-18 years were randomly interviewed to assess their breakfast consumption pattern. Based on their breakfast consumption pattern, 90 subjects out of 500 interviewed girls were selected and categorized in three groups of regular, occasional, and never breakfast consumers. They were further assessed for body composition and hematological profile including hemoglobin level, red blood cell count, packed cell volume to evaluate the association with breakfast consumption. Consequently, a higher percentage of regular breakfast (83%) consumers were found in the normal category of BMI as compared to occasional (30%) and never (27%) consumers. There was a significant (p ≤ 0.05) association of body mass index and muscle mass with breakfast consumption. Similarly, a higher percentage of regular breakfast consumers (60%) were found non-anemic in comparison to occasional (13%) and never (3%) and showed a significant association with breakfast consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Jain
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Punjab Agricultural University , Ludhiana, India
| | - Kiran Grover
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Punjab Agricultural University , Ludhiana, India
| | - Monika Choudhary
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Sangrur, Punjab Agricultural University , Ludhiana, India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hamali HA, Mobarki AA, Saboor M, Alfeel A, Madkhali AM, Akhter MS, Dobie G. Prevalence of Anemia Among Jazan University Students. Int J Gen Med 2020; 13:765-770. [PMID: 33116767 PMCID: PMC7547133 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s275702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Anemia is one of the most common disorders affecting the population in both low-income and developing countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency in apparently normal male and female students of Jazan University, Saudi Arabia. Material and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia. One hundred thirty-four (85 males and 49 females) healthy students with no outward signs of illness were recruited. A specific questionnaire related to sociodemographic and health characteristics was designed and validated. The collected samples were analyzed for complete blood count, serum iron, and serum ferritin. Results In the male group, 81 participants (95.3%) were nonanemic with normal hemoglobin (14.99 ± 1.11g/dl), whereas only 4 males were anemic (hemoglobin <13.0 g/dl). On the other hand, anemia was more prevalent in female students, as 67.35% had hemoglobin values less than 12.0 g/dl. In addition, 26.54% of the anemic females had low serum iron and serum ferritin, indicating iron-deficiency anemia. Although the majority of male participants had normal hemoglobin levels, 37.6% of them had low mean cell volume (MCV), low mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), low mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and high red blood cell (RBC) counts, suggesting thalassemia. Conclusion Anemia, in particular iron-deficiency anemia, was found to be highly prevalent in females, whereas more than one-third of the male participants might be carriers of alpha or beta thalassemia. Additionally, low dietary iron intake and irregular meal consumption could be two of the possible causes of anemia in the study population. Conducting this study on a large scale of male and female students from different faculties of Jazan University will provide in-depth details about the prevalence and types of anemia among them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan A Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Mobarki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Saboor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen Alfeel
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aymen M Madkhali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S Akhter
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gasim Dobie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Prevalence and predictors of restless legs syndrome in non-pregnant Saudi women of childbearing age. Sleep Breath 2020; 24:1107-1113. [DOI: 10.1007/s11325-020-02054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
24
|
Al-Amer O, Hawasawi Y, Oyouni AAA, Alshehri M, Alasmari A, Alzahrani O, Aljohani SAS. Study the association of transmembrane serine protease 6 gene polymorphisms with iron deficiency status in Saudi Arabia. Gene 2020; 751:144767. [PMID: 32422234 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intheclinical setting, iron deficiencyanaemia(IDA) represents a majorglobalhealthconcern. This health condition is reported in 30% of non-pregnant women, 42% of pregnant women (aged 15-50 years), 12.7% of men (15 years or older) and in 47% of preschool children (aged 0 to 5 years). Several genetic polymorphisms associated with iron status havebeen identified by using genome-wide association studies. AIM This study aimed to identify the functional polymorphismsrs855791 and rs2111833 in the transmembrane serine protease 6 (TMPRSS6) gene in female university students with IDA inthe Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. METHODS About 108 female students, aged from 18 to 25 years, were randomly selected and included to this study. Fifty-eightparticipants were iron deficient, and fifty participants were healthy. Blood samples were collected from all participants andassessed based on theirhaematologicaland biochemical iron status indices. Genotyping was carried out byusing PCR. RESULTS The genotype distribution oftheTMPRSS6rs855791 region in female studentsfromTabuk University,northern Saudi Arabia,was0% (CC), 77.6% (CT) and 22.4% (TT) in the iron-deficient students compared to 2% (CC), 96% (CT) and 2% (TT) in the healthy students,indicating significant differences in the allelic distribution betweentheiron-deficient group andthehealthy group. The genotype distribution of theTMPRSS6rs2111833 polymorphism was 8.6% (GG), 89.7% (GA) and 1.7% (AA) inthe iron-deficient students compared to 6% (GG), 92% (GA) and 2% (AA) in the healthy students,respectively,showing no differences between the iron-deficient group andthehealthy group in allelic distribution. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that theTMPRSS6 polymorphism rs855791 is significantly associated with decreased iron status, whereasTMPRSS6 polymorphismrs2111833 is not linked with iron deficiency status in female university students innorthern Saudi Arabia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osama Al-Amer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yousef Hawasawi
- Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah 21499, P.O. Box 40047, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif Abdulwahab A Oyouni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alshehri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alasmari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman Alzahrani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Ali S Aljohani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Alrayan Colleges, Almadinah Almunawarah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ye XW, Deng YL, Xia LT, Ren HM, Zhang JL. Uncovering the mechanism of the effects of Paeoniae Radix Alba on iron-deficiency anaemia through a network pharmacology-based strategy. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:130. [PMID: 32345291 PMCID: PMC7189569 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02925-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paeoniae Radix Alba, the root of the plant Paeonia lactiflora Pall, is a common blood-enriching drug in traditional Chinese medicine. Its effectiveness in the clinical treatment of anaemia is remarkable, but its potential pharmacologic mechanism has not been clarified. METHODS In this study, the potential pharmacologic mechanism of Paeoniae Radix Alba in the treatment of iron-deficiency anaemia was preliminarily elucidated through systematic and comprehensive network pharmacology. RESULTS Specifically, we obtained 15 candidate active ingredients from among 146 chemical components in Paeoniae Radix Alba. The ingredients were predicted to target 77 genes associated with iron-deficiency anaemia. In-depth analyses of these targets revealed that they were mostly associated with energy metabolism, cell proliferation, and stress responses, suggesting that Paeoniae Radix Alba helps alleviate iron-deficiency anaemia by affecting these processes. In addition, we conducted a core target analysis and a cluster analysis of protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. The results showed that four pathways, the p53 signalling pathway, the IL-17 signalling pathway, the TNF signalling pathway and the AGE-RAGE signalling pathway in diabetic complications, may be major pathways associated with the ameliorative effects of Paeoniae Radix Alba on iron-deficiency anaemia. Moreover, molecular docking verified the credibility of the network for molecular target prediction. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this study predicted the functional ingredients in Paeoniae Radix Alba and their targets and uncovered the mechanism of action of this drug, providing new insights for advanced research on Paeoniae Radix Alba and other traditional Chinese medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Wen Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Ya-Ling Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Lan-Ting Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Hong-Min Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Jin-Lian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Maciel VB, Yoshida CM, Boesch C, Goycoolea FM, Carvalho RA. Iron-rich chitosan-pectin colloidal microparticles laden with ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Miller) extract. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
27
|
Wang JY, Hu PJ, Luo DM, Dong B, Ma Y, Dai J, Song Y, Ma J, Lau PWC. Reducing Anemia Among School-Aged Children in China by Eliminating the Geographic Disparity and Ameliorating Stunting: Evidence From a National Survey. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:193. [PMID: 32478015 PMCID: PMC7235374 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to assess the geographic disparity in anemia and whether stunting was associated with anemia in different geographic groups among school-aged children in China. Methods: 71,129 Han children aged 7, 9, 12, and 14 years old were extracted from the 2014 cycle of Chinese National Surveys on Children Constitution and Health. Anemia, anemia severity, and stunting were defined according to WHO definitions. Binary logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between anemia and stunting in different geographic groups. Results: The prevalence of anemia was significantly higher in girls (10.8%) than boys (7.0%). The highest anemia prevalence was in Group VII (lower class/rural, 12.0%). A moderate/severe prevalence of anemia was concentrated in Group VII and Group VIII (western/lower class/rural) for both sexes. The prevalence of anemia was higher in stunting boys than non-stunting boys in Group IV (lower class/city, χ2 = 12.78, P = 0.002) and Group VII (χ2 = 6.21, P = 0.018), while for girls, it was higher in stunting girls than their non-stunting peers only in Group II (upper class/large city, χ2 = 4.57, P = 0.046). Logistic regression showed that the stunting children have 30% higher risk of anemia than non-stunting children after adjustment for age, sex and school (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.05-1.60). Conclusion: A significant geographic disparity and an association between anemia and stunting among specific groups of school-aged children in China was demonstrated. Consequently, eliminating the geographic disparity and ameliorating stunting might contribute to the improvement of Chinese children's anemia. Specific guidelines and interventions are needed, especially for adolescent girls and the groups with serious anemia burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yi Wang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Pei-Jin Hu
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Mei Luo
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghua Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Dai
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Patrick W C Lau
- Department of Sport and Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu T, Liu T, Liu H, Fan H, Chen B, Wang D, Zhang Y, Sun F. Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Polysaccharide-Iron(III) Complex in Auricularia auricula Potentially Used as an Iron Supplement. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:6416941. [PMID: 31309110 PMCID: PMC6594347 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6416941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia has been a widespread disease. As an effective and stable iron supplement, the physiochemical properties of the polysaccharide iron complex have been widely studied. In this study, we characterized a novel polysaccharide-iron(III) complex extracted in an edible fungal species Auricularia auricular (AAPS-iron(III)). The highest iron content (28.40%) in the AAPS-iron(III) complex was obtained under the optimized preparation conditions including an AAPS to FeCl3∙ 6H2O ratio of 2:3 (w/w), a pH value of 8.0 in solution, a reaction temperature of 50°C, and a reaction time of 3 h. The physical and chemical properties of the AAPS-iron(III) complex were characterized by qualitative and quantitative analyses using scanning electron microscope, particle size distribution, thermogravimetric analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, circular dichroism, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance. Result showed that, although the iron was bound to the polysaccharide, it was released under artificial gastrointestinal conditions. The AAPS-iron(III) complex exhibited high stability (under 50-256°C) and water solubility. The AAPS-iron(III) complex also showed high antioxidant activity in vitro, demonstrating an additional health benefit over other typical nonantioxidant iron nutritional supplements. Furthermore, the AAPS-iron(III) complex showed high efficiency on the treatment of the iron deficiency anemia in the model rats. Therefore, the AAPS-iron(III) complex can be used as a nutritional fortifier to supply iron in industrial processing and to assist the treatment of iron deficiency anemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongcheng Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongxiu Fan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Bingyu Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanrong Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Fengjie Sun
- School of Science and Technology, Georgia Gwinnett College, Lawrenceville, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Antioxidant, immunomodulatory, oxidative stress inhibitory and iron supplementation effect of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide-iron (III) complex on iron-deficiency anemia mouse model. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 132:213-221. [PMID: 30926500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
As iron supplement, the antioxidant activities of APS-iron (III) complex were comprehensively evaluated by 5-axe cobweb charts, which indicated the APS-iron (III) complex had a certain antioxidant activity and been weaker than that of APS. The results of immunological activity experiments indicated the stimulation index increased with APS-iron (III) complex concentration increase. When the concentration of the APS-iron (III) complex was 50 μg/mL, the lymphocytes proliferation increased by 35.7% compared with APS. APS-iron (III) complex also had better complement fixing activity than APS, 0.589 mg/mL of which achieved 50% complement fixing activities. Through the iron supplement experiments on iron-deficiency anemia mouse model, we found the APS-iron (III) complex faster increased hemoglobin concentration, SOD, CAT and faster decreased MDA to the normal level than Niferex and ferrous sulfate. Histological results revealed that the tissue sections were clear without obvious pathological changes and bone marrow had most hematopoietic cells from APS-iron (III) complex rat group, which also proved the APS-iron (III) complex had no significant side effects. Therefore, APS-iron (III) complex may be developed as a multifunctional iron supplement for clinical application.
Collapse
|
30
|
Khalil AAI, Labib OA. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Levels of Toxic Elements in Tea Brands Commercialized in Egypt Using Optimized Dual-Pulsed Laser-Induced Spectral Analysis Spectrometer. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 186:294. [PMID: 29876796 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1403-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Asaad I Khalil
- Department of Laser Sciences and Interactions, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, (NILES), Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
| | - Osama A Labib
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shu M, Yao X, Wu K, Zhang K, Nishinari K, Phillips GO, Yao X, Jiang F. Preparation and stability of nano-scaled gel beads of λ-carrageenan bound with ferric ions. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:2523-2529. [PMID: 30195004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is a major global public health problem, and the iron fortifiers in diet are clearly needed in the prevention and improvement of IDA for humans. A novel nano-scaled gel beads of λ-carrageenan (λ-car) specifically binding with ferric ions was developed to be a promising iron fortifier with no adverse organoleptic changes on food. Turbidity measurement, thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the successful chelating. The gel beads of λ-car-Fe3+ complex showed good dispersibility and solvent stability. The in vitro cell viability of HepG2 cells treated with λ-car-Fe3+ was over 75% at 5 mg/mL of ferric ions, indicating a significant cytotoxicity reduction of ferric ions. The stability of λ-car-Fe3+ complex powder was obviously increased against browning during 60 d storage with zein coating, which was attributed to the prevention of moisture permeation. Zein coated gel beads also performed a slow release of ferric ions in simulated gastrointestinal juices, resulting from the compact and hydrophobic zein surface delaying the dissociation of λ-car-Fe3+ in acidic environment. This λ-car-Fe3+ complex would have a great potential as a safe iron fortifier and facilitate iron supplementary with the advantage to relieve the side effects of iron ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Shu
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Xiaoxue Yao
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Kao Wu
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Ferguson (Wuhan) Biotechnologies Ltd., Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Katsuyoshi Nishinari
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Glyn O Phillips
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Xiaolin Yao
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Ferguson (Wuhan) Biotechnologies Ltd., Wuhan 430056, China; School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Fatang Jiang
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Khalil AAI, Labib OA. Detection of micro-toxic elements in commercial coffee brands using optimized dual-pulsed laser-induced spectral analysis spectrometry. APPLIED OPTICS 2018; 57:6729-6741. [PMID: 30129619 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.006729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A fast detection system based on dual-pulsed laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (DP-LIBS) was successfully developed and optimized for the estimation of micro-toxic element contents in commercial coffee brands to monitor pollution and ensure food safety. A series of 13 various coffee brands were quantitatively analyzed in this study utilizing DP-LIBS and a standard analytical technique like inductively coupled plasma/optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The micro-toxic elements, such as aluminum (Al), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and chromium (Cr), that exist in the coffee brands were exactly identified. We prepared standard matrices in a known concentration in the coffee sample to draw the standard calibration curves for each element, as well as by utilizing a tactic based on the intense line emission of the element of interest as a quantitative analysis. The analytical routines were approved under the expectations that the plasma created by the dual-pulsed lasers was in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) and was optically thin. We investigated the influence of different parametric dependence studies to enhance our DP-LIBS detection sensitivity. Furthermore, the precision of our DP-LIBS data for determining the concentration of micro-toxic elements present in coffee samples was validated via the ICP-OES technique. The results achieved by the DP-LIBS technique were in full agreement with the ICP-OES results. In addition, the estimated limit of detection of our DP-LIB spectrometer for Al, Pb, Zn, and Cr were 105.13±07, 90.17±12, 83.58±15, and 68.78±09 μg L-1, respectively. The suggested protocols demonstrated the excellent benefits of the DP-LIBS for the detection of micro-toxic elements existing in coffee and for checking the purity and quality of food products.
Collapse
|
33
|
Xu L, Meng Y, Liu Y, Meng Q, Zhang Z, Li J, Lu Q. A novel iron supplements preparation from Grifola frondosa polysaccharide and assessment of antioxidant, lymphocyte proliferation and complement fixing activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 108:1148-1157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
34
|
Stanojević-Ristić Z, Stević S, Rašić J, Valjarević D, Dejanović M, Valjarević A. Influence of pharmacological education on perceptions, attitudes and use of dietary supplements by medical students. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:527. [PMID: 29228948 PMCID: PMC5725837 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-2031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ready availability and use of dietary supplements (DS) by the public means that healthcare professionals require education in this area. In the Republic of Serbia, education related to use of DS is included in undergraduate medical training and it is therefore important to assess the effectiveness of this education. The aim of our survey was to investigate the influence of pharmacological education on the use, attitudes and perceptions of risks associated with DS among medical students. METHODS Medical students at the University of Kosovska Mitrovica participated in the survey. Three hundred eighty questionnaires were distributed, yielding a response rate of 89% (n = 334). Data were categorized by year of study, completion of a one-year course in pharmacology and having passed the final exam. The results were compared between 192 (58%) medical students educated in pharmacology (MSEP) and 142 (42%) medical students not educated in pharmacology (MSNEP). The questionnaire was divided into 4 parts: socio-demographic and lifestyle/behavioral characteristics, use of DS, attitudes about efficacy, safety and perception of risk due to DS use. Chi-square test, Student's t-test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS About 53% of respondents used some form of DS. Attitudes regarding the safety of DS consumption showed a difference between the groups. MSEP were more likely to agree that DS have the potential to cause adverse reactions (Likert scale mean 4.1 vs. 3.5, p < 0.001) as well as interactions with conventional drugs (Likert scale mean 4.2 vs. 3.2, p < 0.001) than MSNEP. Finally, MSEP ranked St. John's wort and ginkgo as the most dangerous DS, but creatine and vitamin C were both ranked as relatively safe. Conversely, MSNEP considered ginkgo and vitamin C the most harmful DS, claiming that omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D had the least hazardous side effects. CONCLUSION Our results showed that pharmacological education gives young medical students a better understanding of the risks of DS-drug interactions and potential adverse effects. However, their overall attitudes and perception of risk indicate the need for further education.
Collapse
|
35
|
Alzaheb RA, Al-Amer O. The Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia and its Associated Risk Factors Among a Sample of Female University Students in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS. WOMEN'S HEALTH 2017; 10:1179562X17745088. [PMID: 29225484 PMCID: PMC5714083 DOI: 10.1177/1179562x17745088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior data on iron deficiency anemia's (IDA) prevalence and associated risk factors among female university students are scarce in the Saudi Arabian context. This study therefore recruited a sample of female students at the University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia, to investigate IDA prevalence and risk factors and fill the identified research gap. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 200 apparently healthy female students aged between 19 and 25 years was performed between February and June 2016. Data on the participants' sociodemographics, diet, health, anthropometry, and hematological and biochemical iron status indices were gathered. A logistic regression analysis then revealed the IDA risk factors. RESULTS The IDA prevalence was 12.5%. The factors associated via logistic regression with an elevated anemia risk were inadequate iron and vitamin C intakes, infrequent (≤2 times per week) consumption of red meat, frequent (≥2 times per week) tea consumption, and a past personal history of IDA. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that focused education and awareness strategies are needed to improve nutritional habits by encouraging the consumption of rich dietary iron sources and by raising awareness of the food and drinks which facilitate or hinder the bioavailability of iron.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riyadh A Alzaheb
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Al-Amer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Elderdery AY, Alshaiban AS. Reference Value Profile for Healthy Individuals From the Aljouf region of Saudi Arabia. J Hematol 2017; 6:6-11. [PMID: 32300385 PMCID: PMC7155819 DOI: 10.14740/jh316e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many factors influence hematological values such as sex, age, ethnic origin, geographic location, season, and genetic disease. The aim of this study was to detect the hematological reference value profile for healthy adults from the Aljouf region of Saudi Arabia. Methods The project was carried out on 2,040 healthy individuals, 1,152 males and 888 females, with ages ranging from 17 to 28 years. A group of participants were recruited from the higher secondary schools, university students and premarital centers of Aljouf cities. Hematological reference value profile, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, red blood cell (RBC) count, RBC indices, white blood cell (WBC) count, differential WBC and platelet (Plt) count were measured. Moreover, a peripheral blood film was prepared in order to detect abnormalities of RBC and all samples were examined for liver function tests (LFTs) and renal function test (RFT) performed, along with a lipid profile. Results Hb concentration, hematocrit (Hct) and RBCs were found to be significantly higher in males than in females (P < 0.01). On the contrary, Plt ranges were significantly lower in male as compared to female (P < 0.01). No significant differences in the study population were determined in the other hematological parameters (P > 0.05). Conclusion Our findings reflect that healthy adults from the Aljouf region have some hematological parameters differing quantitatively from Caucasians. The hematological reference value profile reported here can be used as normal reference values for Saudi people of the Aljouf region to help in diagnosis and consequently treatment of individuals with hematological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abozer Y Elderdery
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Aljouf University, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Sudan
| | - Abdulaziz S Alshaiban
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Aljouf University, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lu Q, Xu L, Meng Y, Liu Y, Li J, Zu Y, Zhu M. Preparation and characterization of a novel Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide-iron (III) complex. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93:208-216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
38
|
Direct spectral analysis of tea samples using 266 nm UV pulsed laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and cross validation of LIBS results with ICP-MS. Talanta 2016; 152:341-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|