1
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Qausain S, Khan FI, Khan MKA. Conserved acidic second shell residue modulates the structure, stability and activity of non-seleno human peroxiredoxin 6. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124796. [PMID: 37178881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
1-Cys peroxiredoxin6 (Prdx6) is unique and inducible bifunctional enzyme in the mammalian lungs and plays a role in the progression and inhibition of cancerous cells at different stages. The enzyme possesses two distinct active sites for phospholipase A2 and peroxidase activity. The conserved residues surrounding the peroxidase active site, also called as second shell residues are Glu50, Leu71, Ser72, His79 and Arg155. Since there is no study done about the active site stabilization of the transition state of Prdx6, there are a lot of questions unanswered regarding the Prdx6 peroxidase activity. In order to evaluate the role of second shell conserved residue Glu50, present in close vicinity to peroxidatic active site, we substituted this negatively charged residue with Alanine and Lysine. To explore the effect of mutation on the biophysical parameters, the mutant proteins were compared with Wild-Type by using biochemical, biophysical, and in silico methods. Comparative spectroscopic methods and enzyme activity demonstrate that the Glu50 plays a significant role in maintaining the structure, stability, and function of protein. From the results we conclude that Glu50 significantly controls the structure; stability and may be involved in the active site stabilization of transition state for proper position of diverse peroxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Qausain
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Faez Iqbal Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Md Khurshid Alam Khan
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India.
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2
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Troussicot L, Vallet A, Molin M, Burmann BM, Schanda P. Disulfide-Bond-Induced Structural Frustration and Dynamic Disorder in a Peroxiredoxin from MAS NMR. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10700-10711. [PMID: 37140345 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Disulfide bond formation is fundamentally important for protein structure and constitutes a key mechanism by which cells regulate the intracellular oxidation state. Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) eliminate reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide through a catalytic cycle of Cys oxidation and reduction. Additionally, upon Cys oxidation PRDXs undergo extensive conformational rearrangements that may underlie their presently structurally poorly defined functions as molecular chaperones. Rearrangements include high molecular-weight oligomerization, the dynamics of which are, however, poorly understood, as is the impact of disulfide bond formation on these properties. Here we show that formation of disulfide bonds along the catalytic cycle induces extensive μs time scale dynamics, as monitored by magic-angle spinning NMR of the 216 kDa-large Tsa1 decameric assembly and solution-NMR of a designed dimeric mutant. We ascribe the conformational dynamics to structural frustration, resulting from conflicts between the disulfide-constrained reduction of mobility and the desire to fulfill other favorable contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Troussicot
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38044 Grenoble, France
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, A-3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Alicia Vallet
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Mikael Molin
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Björn M Burmann
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Paul Schanda
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, A-3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
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3
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Montanhero Cabrera VI, do Nascimento Sividanes G, Quintiliano NF, Hikari Toyama M, Ghilardi Lago JH, de Oliveira MA. Exploring functional and structural features of chemically related natural prenylated hydroquinone and benzoic acid from Piper crassinervium (Piperaceae) on bacterial peroxiredoxin inhibition. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281322. [PMID: 36827425 PMCID: PMC9956870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple drug resistance (MDR) bacterial strains are responsible by 1.2 million of human deaths all over the world. The pathogens possess efficient enzymes which are able to mitigate the toxicity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by some antibiotics and the host immune cells. Among them, the bacterial peroxiredoxin alkyl hydroperoxide reductase C (AhpC) is able to decompose efficiently several kinds of hydroperoxides. To decompose their substrates AhpC use a reactive cysteine residue (peroxidatic cysteine-CysP) that together with two other polar residues (Thr/Ser and Arg) comprise the catalytic triad of these enzymes and are involved in the substrate targeting/stabilization to allow a bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) reaction. Additionally to the high efficiency the AhpC is very abundant in the cells and present virulent properties in some bacterial species. Despite the importance of AhpC in bacteria, few studies aimed at using natural compounds as inhibitors of this class of enzymes. Some natural products were identified as human isoforms, presenting as common characteristics a bulk hydrophobic moiety and an α, β-unsaturated carbonylic system able to perform a thiol-Michael reaction. In this work, we evaluated two chemically related natural products: 1,4-dihydroxy-2-(3',7'-dimethyl-1'-oxo-2'E,6'-octadienyl) benzene (C1) and 4-hydroxy-2-(3',7'-dimethyl-1'-oxo-2'E,6'-octadienyl) benzoic acid (C2), both were isolated from branches Piper crassinervium (Piperaceae), over the peroxidase activity of AhpC from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PaAhpC) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (SeAhpC). By biochemical assays we show that although both compounds can perform the Michael addition reaction, only compound C2 was able to inhibit the PaAhpC peroxidase activity but not SeAhpC, presenting IC50 = 20.3 μM. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that the compound was not able to perform a thiol-Michael addition, suggesting another inhibition behavior. Using computer-assisted simulations, we also show that an acidic group present in the structure of compound C2 may be involved in the stabilization by polar interactions with the Thr and Arg residues from the catalytic triad and several apolar interactions with hydrophobic residues. Finally, C2 was not able to interfere in the peroxidase activity of the isoform Prx2 from humans or even the thiol proteins of the Trx reducing system from Escherichia coli (EcTrx and EcTrxR), indicating specificity for P. aeruginosa AhpC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcos Hikari Toyama
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | - João Henrique Ghilardi Lago
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail: (MAO); (JHGL)
| | - Marcos Antonio de Oliveira
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail: (MAO); (JHGL)
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4
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Aranda-Caño L, Valderrama R, Pedrajas JR, Begara-Morales JC, Chaki M, Padilla MN, Melguizo M, López-Jaramillo FJ, Barroso JB. Nitro-Oleic Acid-Mediated Nitroalkylation Modulates the Antioxidant Function of Cytosolic Peroxiredoxin Tsa1 during Heat Stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050972. [PMID: 35624836 PMCID: PMC9137801 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress is one of the abiotic stresses that leads to oxidative stress. To protect themselves, yeast cells activate the antioxidant response, in which cytosolic peroxiredoxin Tsa1 plays an important role in hydrogen peroxide removal. Concomitantly, the activation of the heat shock response (HSR) is also triggered. Nitro-fatty acids are signaling molecules generated by the interaction of reactive nitrogen species with unsaturated fatty acids. These molecules have been detected in animals and plants. They exert their signaling function mainly through a post-translational modification called nitroalkylation. In addition, these molecules are closely related to the induction of the HSR. In this work, the endogenous presence of nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is identified for the first time by LC-MS/MS. Both hydrogen peroxide levels and Tsa1 activity increased after heat stress with no change in protein content. The nitroalkylation of recombinant Tsa1 with NO2-OA was also observed. It is important to point out that cysteine 47 (peroxidatic) and cysteine 171 (resolving) are the main residues responsible for protein activity. Moreover, the in vivo nitroalkylation of Tsa1 peroxidatic cysteine disappeared during heat stress as the hydrogen peroxide generated in this situation caused the rupture of the NO2-OA binding to the protein and, thus, restored Tsa1 activity. Finally, the amino acid targets susceptible to nitroalkylation and the modulatory effect of this PTM on the enzymatic activity of Tsa1 are also shown in vitro and in vivo. This mechanism of response was faster than that involving the induction of genes and the synthesis of new proteins and could be considered as a key element in the fine-tuning regulation of defence mechanisms against oxidative stress in yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Aranda-Caño
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University Institute of Research in Olive Groves and Olive Oils, Campus Las Lagunillas, University of Jaén, E-23071 Jaén, Spain; (L.A.-C.); (R.V.); (J.R.P.); (J.C.B.-M.); (M.C.); (M.N.P.)
| | - Raquel Valderrama
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University Institute of Research in Olive Groves and Olive Oils, Campus Las Lagunillas, University of Jaén, E-23071 Jaén, Spain; (L.A.-C.); (R.V.); (J.R.P.); (J.C.B.-M.); (M.C.); (M.N.P.)
| | - José Rafael Pedrajas
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University Institute of Research in Olive Groves and Olive Oils, Campus Las Lagunillas, University of Jaén, E-23071 Jaén, Spain; (L.A.-C.); (R.V.); (J.R.P.); (J.C.B.-M.); (M.C.); (M.N.P.)
| | - Juan C. Begara-Morales
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University Institute of Research in Olive Groves and Olive Oils, Campus Las Lagunillas, University of Jaén, E-23071 Jaén, Spain; (L.A.-C.); (R.V.); (J.R.P.); (J.C.B.-M.); (M.C.); (M.N.P.)
| | - Mounira Chaki
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University Institute of Research in Olive Groves and Olive Oils, Campus Las Lagunillas, University of Jaén, E-23071 Jaén, Spain; (L.A.-C.); (R.V.); (J.R.P.); (J.C.B.-M.); (M.C.); (M.N.P.)
| | - María N. Padilla
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University Institute of Research in Olive Groves and Olive Oils, Campus Las Lagunillas, University of Jaén, E-23071 Jaén, Spain; (L.A.-C.); (R.V.); (J.R.P.); (J.C.B.-M.); (M.C.); (M.N.P.)
| | - Manuel Melguizo
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Campus Las Lagunillas, University of Jaén, E-23071 Jaén, Spain;
| | | | - Juan B. Barroso
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University Institute of Research in Olive Groves and Olive Oils, Campus Las Lagunillas, University of Jaén, E-23071 Jaén, Spain; (L.A.-C.); (R.V.); (J.R.P.); (J.C.B.-M.); (M.C.); (M.N.P.)
- Correspondence:
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5
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Dos Santos MC, Tairum CA, Cabrera VIM, Guimarães Cauz AC, Ribeiro LF, Toledo Junior JC, Toyama MH, Lago JHG, Brocchi M, Netto LES, de Oliveira MA. Adenanthin Is an Efficient Inhibitor of Peroxiredoxins from Pathogens, Inhibits Bacterial Growth, and Potentiates Antibiotic Activities. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 36:570-582. [PMID: 35537067 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The emergence and re-emergence of bacterial strains resistant to multiple drugs represent a global health threat, and the search for novel biological targets is a worldwide concern. AhpC are enzymes involved in bacterial redox homeostasis by metabolizing diverse kinds of hydroperoxides. In pathogenic bacteria, AhpC are related to several functions, as some isoforms are characterized as virulence factors. However, no inhibitor has been systematically evaluated to date. Here we show that the natural ent-kaurane Adenanthin (Adn) efficiently inhibits AhpC and molecular interactions were explored by computer assisted simulations. Additionally, Adn interferes with growth and potentializes the effect of antibiotics (kanamycin and PMBN), positioning Adn as a promising compound to treat infections caused by multiresistant bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Cardoso Dos Santos
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente, São Paulo 11330-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Abrunhosa Tairum
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Carolina Guimarães Cauz
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Ribeiro
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente, São Paulo 11330-900, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Toledo Junior
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hikari Toyama
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente, São Paulo 11330-900, Brazil
| | - João Henrique Ghilardi Lago
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Brocchi
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo Soares Netto
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antonio de Oliveira
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente, São Paulo 11330-900, Brazil
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Villar SF, Dalla-Rizza J, Möller MN, Ferrer-Sueta G, Malacrida L, Jameson DM, Denicola A. Fluorescence Lifetime Phasor Analysis of the Decamer-Dimer Equilibrium of Human Peroxiredoxin 1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5260. [PMID: 35563654 PMCID: PMC9100220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein self-assembly is a common feature in biology and is often required for a myriad of fundamental processes, such as enzyme activity, signal transduction, and transport of solutes across membranes, among others. There are several techniques to find and assess homo-oligomer formation in proteins. Naturally, all these methods have their limitations, meaning that at least two or more different approaches are needed to characterize a case study. Herein, we present a new method to study protein associations using intrinsic fluorescence lifetime with phasors. In this case, the method is applied to determine the equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) of human peroxiredoxin 1 (hPrx1), an efficient cysteine-dependent peroxidase, that has a quaternary structure comprised of five head-to-tail homodimers non-covalently arranged in a decamer. The hPrx1 oligomeric state not only affects its activity but also its association with other proteins. The excited state lifetime of hPrx1 has distinct values at high and low concentrations, suggesting the presence of two different species. Phasor analysis of hPrx1 emission lifetime allowed for the identification and quantification of hPrx1 decamers, dimers, and their mixture at diverse protein concentrations. Using phasor algebra, we calculated the fraction of hPrx1 decamers at different concentrations and obtained KD (1.1 × 10-24 M4) and C0.5 (1.36 μM) values for the decamer-dimer equilibrium. The results were validated and compared with size exclusion chromatography. In addition, spectral phasors provided similar results despite the small differences in emission spectra as a function of hPrx1 concentration. The phasor approach was shown to be a highly sensitive and quantitative method to assess protein oligomerization and an attractive addition to the biophysicist's toolkit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián F. Villar
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; (S.F.V.); (J.D.-R.); (M.N.M.); (G.F.-S.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Joaquín Dalla-Rizza
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; (S.F.V.); (J.D.-R.); (M.N.M.); (G.F.-S.)
| | - Matías N. Möller
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; (S.F.V.); (J.D.-R.); (M.N.M.); (G.F.-S.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Gerardo Ferrer-Sueta
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; (S.F.V.); (J.D.-R.); (M.N.M.); (G.F.-S.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Leonel Malacrida
- Advanced Bioimaging Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Departamento de Fisiopatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
| | - David M. Jameson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Ana Denicola
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; (S.F.V.); (J.D.-R.); (M.N.M.); (G.F.-S.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
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7
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Beaussart A, Canonico F, Mazon H, Hidalgo J, Cianférani S, Le Cordier H, Kriznik A, Rahuel-Clermont S. Probing the mechanism of the peroxiredoxin decamer interaction with its reductase sulfiredoxin from the single molecule to the solution scale. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:515-525. [PMID: 35234779 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00037g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins from the Prx1 subfamily (Prx) are highly regulated multifunctional proteins involved in oxidative stress response, redox signaling and cell protection. Prx is a homodimer that associates into a decamer. The monomer C-terminus plays intricate roles in Prx catalytic functions, decamer stability and interaction with its redox partner, the small reductase sulfiredoxin (Srx), that regulates the switching between Prx cellular functions. As only static structures of covalent Prx-Srx complexes have been reported, whether Srx binding dissociates the decameric assembly and how Prx subunit flexibility impacts complex formation are unknown. Here, we assessed the non-covalent interaction mechanism and dynamics in the solution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Srx with the ten subunits of Prx Tsa1 at the decamer level via a combination of multiscale biophysical approaches including native mass spectrometry. We show that the ten subunits of the decamer can be saturated by ten Srx molecules and that the Tsa1 decamer in complex with Srx does not dissociate in solution. Furthermore, the binding events of atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip-grafted Srx molecules to Tsa1 individual subunits were relevant to the interactions between free molecules in solution. Combined with protein engineering and rapid kinetics, the observation of peculiar AFM force-distance signatures revealed that Tsa1 C-terminus flexibility controls Tsa1/Srx two-step binding and dynamics and determines the force-induced dissociation of Srx from each subunit of the decameric complex in a sequential or concerted mode. This combined approach from the solution to the single-molecule level offers promising prospects for understanding oligomeric protein interactions with their partners.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hortense Mazon
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Jorge Hidalgo
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI - FR2048 CNRS CEA, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Alexandre Kriznik
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, INSERM, UMS2008 IBSLor, Biophysics and Structural Biology core facility, F-54000 Nancy, France.
| | - Sophie Rahuel-Clermont
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, INSERM, UMS2008 IBSLor, Biophysics and Structural Biology core facility, F-54000 Nancy, France.
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8
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Basis for using thioredoxin as an electron donor by Schizosaccharomyces pombe Gpx1 and Tpx1. AMB Express 2022; 12:41. [PMID: 35403927 PMCID: PMC9001804 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-022-01381-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) peroxidases (GPxs or GSHPx) and thioredoxin (Trx) peroxidases (TPxs) are two classes of peroxidases that catalyze the reduction of peroxides. GPxs and TPxs generally use GSH or Trx, respectively, to recycle the oxidized cysteine (Cys) residue in the protein. However, it is unclear why unlike human GPxs, the Schizosaccharomyces pombe Gpx1 (spGpx1) prefers Trx over GSH for recycling of the active-site peroxidatic Cys residue. Here, we compared spGpx1 and S. pombe Tpx1 (spTpx1) protein sequences with those of their respective homologs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and humans. Our analysis revealed that like spTpx1, spGpx1 contains a pair of conserved Cys residues (Cys36 and Cys82). These two conserved Cys residues are named peroxidatic and resolving Cys residues, respectively, and are found only in GPxs and TPxs that prefer Trx as an electron donor. Our analysis suggested that Cys36 and Cys82 in spGpx1 are most likely to form a disulfide bond upon oxidation of Cys36. Molecular modelling predicted that a conformational change might be required for the formation of this disulfide bond. Evolutionary analysis suggested that fungal GPxs and TPxs are related by divergent evolution from a common ancestor. Our analyses support a prediction that while spGpx1 and spTpx1 are phylogenetically and functionally different, they evolved from a common ancestor and use a similar mechanism for recycling of the active-site peroxidatic Cys residue. spGpx1 contains two conserved Cys residues (Cys36 and Cys82), which may form a disulfide bond upon oxidation and the reduction of this disulfide bond is most likely to be mediated by Trx in vivo. Fungal GPxs and TPxs evolved from a common ancestor.
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9
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Liu Y, Zhu F, Shen Z, Moural TW, Liu L, Li Z, Liu X, Xu H. Glutaredoxins and thioredoxin peroxidase involved in defense of emamectin benzoate induced oxidative stress in Grapholita molesta. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 176:104881. [PMID: 34119223 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glutaredoxins (Grxs) and thioredoxin peroxidases (Tpxs) are major antioxidant enzyme families involved in regulating cellular redox homeostasis and in defense of enhanced oxidative stress through scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the functions of these enzymes have not been reported in the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck), a worldwide pest of stone and pome fruits. Here, we identified four new antioxidant genes, GmGrx, GmGrx3, GmGrx5, and GmTpx which were induced by exposure with emamectin benzoate, a commonly used biopesticide for G. molesta control. Other environmental factors (low and high temperatures, Escherichia coli and Metarhizium anisopliae) also significantly induced the expression of these genes. After GmGrx or GmTpx silenced by RNA interference (RNAi), the percentage of larval survival to emamectin benzoate were significantly decreased, demonstrating that GmGrx and GmTpx are involved in protecting G. molesta from stresses induced by emamectin benzoate. Furthermore, silenced GmGrx, GmGrx3, GmGrx5, or GmTpx significantly enhanced the enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (except GmTpx) and peroxidase (POD), as well as the contents of hydrogen peroxide and metabolites ascorbate. Taken together, our results suggest that GmGrx, GmGrx3, GmGrx5, and GmTpx may play critical roles in antioxidant defense. Specially, GmGrx and GmTpx contribute to the defense of oxidative damage induced by exposure to emamectin benzoate through scavenging excessive ROS in G. molesta. Our findings provided a theoretical basis for understanding functions of insect glutaredoxin and peroxidase systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Liu
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Fang Zhu
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Zhongjian Shen
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Timothy W Moural
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Lining Liu
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huanli Xu
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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10
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Tairum CA, Santos MC, Breyer CA, de Oliveira ALP, Cabrera VIM, Toledo-Silva G, Mori GM, Toyama MH, Netto LES, de Oliveira MA. Effects of Serine or Threonine in the Active Site of Typical 2-Cys Prx on Hyperoxidation Susceptibility and on Chaperone Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1032. [PMID: 34202406 PMCID: PMC8300647 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxins (2-Cys Prx) are ubiquitous Cys-based peroxidases, which are stable as decamers in the reduced state, and may dissociate into dimers upon disulfide bond formation. A peroxidatic Cys (CP) takes part of a catalytic triad, together with a Thr/Ser and an Arg. Previously, we described that the presence of Ser (instead of Thr) in the active site stabilizes yeast 2-Cys Prx as decamers. Here, we compared the hyperoxidation susceptibilities of yeast 2-Cys Prx. Notably, 2-Cys Prx containing Ser (named here Ser-Prx) were more resistant to hyperoxidation than enzymes containing Thr (Thr-Prx). In silico analysis revealed that Thr-Prx are more frequent in all domains of life, while Ser-Prx are more abundant in bacteria. As yeast 2-Cys Prx, bacterial Ser-Prx are more stable as decamers than Thr-Prx. However, bacterial Ser-Prx were only slightly more resistant to hyperoxidation than Thr-Prx. Furthermore, in all cases, organic hydroperoxide inhibited more the peroxidase activities of 2-Cys Prx than hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, bacterial Ser-Prx displayed increased thermal resistance and chaperone activity, which may be related with its enhanced stability as decamers compared to Thr-Prx. Therefore, the single substitution of Thr by Ser in the catalytic triad results in profound biochemical and structural differences in 2-Cys Prx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A. Tairum
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente 01049-010, Brazil; (C.A.T.); (M.C.S.); (C.A.B.); (A.L.P.d.O.); (V.I.M.C.); (M.H.T.)
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Melina Cardoso Santos
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente 01049-010, Brazil; (C.A.T.); (M.C.S.); (C.A.B.); (A.L.P.d.O.); (V.I.M.C.); (M.H.T.)
| | - Carlos Alexandre Breyer
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente 01049-010, Brazil; (C.A.T.); (M.C.S.); (C.A.B.); (A.L.P.d.O.); (V.I.M.C.); (M.H.T.)
| | - Ana Laura Pires de Oliveira
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente 01049-010, Brazil; (C.A.T.); (M.C.S.); (C.A.B.); (A.L.P.d.O.); (V.I.M.C.); (M.H.T.)
| | - Vitoria Isabela Montanhero Cabrera
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente 01049-010, Brazil; (C.A.T.); (M.C.S.); (C.A.B.); (A.L.P.d.O.); (V.I.M.C.); (M.H.T.)
| | - Guilherme Toledo-Silva
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Contaminação Aquática e Imunoquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil;
| | - Gustavo Maruyama Mori
- Laboratório de Ecologia Molecular, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente 01049-010, Brazil;
| | - Marcos Hikari Toyama
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente 01049-010, Brazil; (C.A.T.); (M.C.S.); (C.A.B.); (A.L.P.d.O.); (V.I.M.C.); (M.H.T.)
| | - Luis Eduardo Soares Netto
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antonio de Oliveira
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São Vicente 01049-010, Brazil; (C.A.T.); (M.C.S.); (C.A.B.); (A.L.P.d.O.); (V.I.M.C.); (M.H.T.)
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11
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Troussicot L, Burmann BM, Molin M. Structural determinants of multimerization and dissociation in 2-Cys peroxiredoxin chaperone function. Structure 2021; 29:640-654. [PMID: 33945778 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are abundant peroxidases present in all kingdoms of life. Recently, they have been shown to also carry out additional roles as molecular chaperones. To address this emerging supplementary function, this review focuses on structural studies of 2-Cys PRDX systems exhibiting chaperone activity. We provide a detailed understanding of the current knowledge of structural determinants underlying the chaperone function of PRDXs. Specifically, we describe the mechanisms which may modulate their quaternary structure to facilitate interactions with client proteins and how they are coordinated with the functions of other molecular chaperones. Following an overview of PRDX molecular architecture, we outline structural details of the presently best-characterized peroxiredoxins exhibiting chaperone function and highlight common denominators. Finally, we discuss the remarkable structural similarities between 2-Cys PRDXs, small HSPs, and J-domain-independent Hsp40 holdases in terms of their functions and dynamic equilibria between low- and high-molecular-weight oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Troussicot
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Björn M Burmann
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Mikael Molin
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
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12
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Mohammad A, Saini RV, Kumar R, Sharma D, Saini NK, Gupta A, Thakur P, Winterbourn CC, Saini AK. A curious case of cysteines in human peroxiredoxin I. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101738. [PMID: 33011678 PMCID: PMC7530344 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are antioxidant proteins that are involved in cellular defence against reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species. Humans have six peroxiredoxins, hPrxI-VI, out of which hPrxI and hPrxII belongs to the typical 2-Cys class sharing 90% conservation in their amino acid sequence including catalytic residues required to carry out their peroxidase and chaperone activities. Despite the high conservation between hPrxI and hPrxII, hPrxI behaves differently from hPrxII in its peroxidase and chaperone activity. We recently showed in yeast that in the absence of Tsa1 and Tsa2 (orthologs of hPrx) hPrxI protects the cells against different stressors whereas hPrxII does not. To understand this difference, we expressed catalytic mutants of hPrxI in yeast cells lacking the orthologs of hPrxI/II. We found that the catalytic mutants lacking peroxidase function including hPrxIC52S, hPrxIC173S, hPrxIT49A, hPrxIP45A and hPrxIR128A were not able to grow on media with nitrosative stressor (sodium nitroprusside) and unable to withstand heat stress, but surprisingly they were able to grow on an oxidative stressor (H2O2). Interestingly, we found that hPrxI increases the expression of antioxidant genes, GPX1 and SOD1, and this is also seen in the case of a catalytic mutant, indicating hPrxI can indirectly reduce oxidative stress independently of its own peroxidase function and thus suggesting a novel role of hPrxI in altering the expression of other antioxidant genes. Furthermore, hPrxIC83T was resistant to hyperoxidation and formation of stable high molecular weight oligomers, which is suggestive of impaired chaperone activity. Our results suggest that the catalytic residues of hPrxI are essential to counter the nitrosative stress whereas Cys83 in hPrxI plays a critical role in hyperoxidation of hPrxI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashu Mohammad
- Department of Biotechnology and Central Research Cell, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India; Faculty of Applied Science and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Reena V Saini
- Department of Biotechnology and Central Research Cell, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neeraj K Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Arpit Gupta
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Priyanka Thakur
- Faculty of Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Christine C Winterbourn
- Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Adesh K Saini
- Department of Biotechnology and Central Research Cell, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India; Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Solan, HP, 173212, India.
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13
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Longo LVG, Breyer CA, Novaes GM, Gegembauer G, Leitão NP, Octaviano CE, Toyama MH, de Oliveira MA, Puccia R. The Human Pathogen Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Has a Unique 1-Cys Peroxiredoxin That Localizes Both Intracellularly and at the Cell Surface. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:394. [PMID: 32850492 PMCID: PMC7417364 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is a temperature-dependent dimorphic fungus that causes systemic paracoccidioidomycosis, a granulomatous disease. The massive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the host's cellular immune response is an essential strategy to restrain the fungal growth. Among the ROS, the hydroperoxides are very toxic antimicrobial compounds and fungal peroxidases are part of the pathogen neutralizing antioxidant arsenal against the host's defense. Among them, the peroxiredoxins are highlighted, since some estimates suggest that they are capable of decomposing most of the hydroperoxides generated in the host's mitochondria and cytosol. We presently characterized a unique P. brasiliensis 1-Cys peroxiredoxin (PbPrx1). Our results reveal that it can decompose hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides very efficiently. We showed that dithiolic, but not monothiolic compounds or heterologous thioredoxin reductant systems, were able to retain the enzyme activity. Structural analysis revealed that PbPrx1 has an α/β structure that is similar to the 1-Cys secondary structures described to date and that the quaternary conformation is represented by a dimer, independently of the redox state. We investigated the PbPrx1 localization using confocal microscopy, fluorescence-activated cell sorter, and immunoblot, and the results suggested that it localizes both in the cytoplasm and at the cell wall of the yeast and mycelial forms of P. brasiliensis, as well as in the yeast mitochondria. Our present results point to a possible role of this unique P. brasiliensis 1-Cys Prx1 in the fungal antioxidant defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Valle Guilhen Longo
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Breyer
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Machado Novaes
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gregory Gegembauer
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natanael Pinheiro Leitão
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Elizabete Octaviano
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hikari Toyama
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rosana Puccia
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Glutaredoxin-like protein (GLP)-a novel bacteria sulfurtransferase that protects cells against cyanide and oxidative stresses. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:5477-5492. [PMID: 32307572 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10491-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The pathogen Xylella fastidiosa belongs to the Xanthomonadaceae family, a large group of Gram-negative bacteria that cause diseases in many economically important crops. A predicted gene, annotated as glutaredoxin-like protein (glp), was found to be highly conserved among the genomes of different genera within this family and highly expressed in X. fastidiosa. Analysis of the GLP protein sequences revealed three protein domains: one similar to monothiol glutaredoxins (Grx), an Fe-S cluster and a thiosulfate sulfurtransferase/rhodanese domain (Tst/Rho), which is generally involved in sulfur metabolism and cyanide detoxification. To characterize the biochemical properties of GLP, we expressed and purified the X. fastidiosa recombinant GLP enzyme. Grx activity and Fe-S cluster formation were not observed, while an evaluation of Tst/Rho enzymatic activity revealed that GLP can detoxify cyanide and transfer inorganic sulfur to acceptor molecules in vitro. The biological activity of GLP relies on the cysteine residues in the Grx and Tst/Rho domains (Cys33 and Cys266, respectively), and structural analysis showed that GLP and GLPC266S were able to form high molecular weight oligomers (> 600 kDa), while replacement of Cys33 with Ser destabilized the quaternary structure. In vivo heterologous enzyme expression experiments in Escherichia coli revealed that GLP can protect bacteria against high concentrations of cyanide and hydrogen peroxide. Finally, phylogenetic analysis showed that homologous glp genes are distributed across Gram-negative bacterial families with conservation of the N- to C-domain order. However, no eukaryotic organism contains this enzyme. Altogether, these results suggest that GLP is an important enzyme with cyanide-decomposing and sulfurtransferase functions in bacteria, whose presence in eukaryotes we could not observe, representing a promising biological target for new pharmaceuticals.
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15
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Padayachee L, Rohwer JM, Pillay CS. The thioredoxin redox potential and redox charge are surrogate measures for flux in the thioredoxin system. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 680:108231. [PMID: 31877266 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.108231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The thioredoxin system plays a central role in intracellular redox regulation and its dysregulation is associated with a number of pathologies. However, the connectivity within this system poses a significant challenge for quantification and consequently several disparate measures have been used to characterize the system. For in vitro studies, the thioredoxin system flux has been measured by NADPH oxidation while the thioredoxin redox state has been used to estimate the activity of the system in vivo. The connection between these measures has been obscure although substrate saturation in the thioredoxin system results from the saturation of the thioredoxin redox cycle. We used computational modeling and in vitro kinetic assays to clarify the relationship between flux and the current in vivo measures of the thioredoxin system together with a novel measure, the thioredoxin redox charge (reduced thioredoxin/total thioredoxin). Our results revealed that the thioredoxin redox potential and redox charge closely tracked flux perturbations showing that these indices could be used as surrogate measures of the flux in vivo and, provide a mechanistic explanation for the previously observed correlations between thioredoxin oxidation and certain pathologies. While we found no significant difference in the linear correlations obtained for the thioredoxin redox potential and redox charge with the flux, the redox charge may be preferred because it is bounded between zero and one and can be determined over a wider range of conditions allowing for quantitative flux comparisons between cell types and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letrisha Padayachee
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa.
| | - Johann M Rohwer
- Laboratory for Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
| | - Ché S Pillay
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa.
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16
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Calabrese G, Peker E, Amponsah PS, Hoehne MN, Riemer T, Mai M, Bienert GP, Deponte M, Morgan B, Riemer J. Hyperoxidation of mitochondrial peroxiredoxin limits H 2 O 2 -induced cell death in yeast. EMBO J 2019; 38:e101552. [PMID: 31389622 PMCID: PMC6745495 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019101552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) plays important roles in cellular signaling, yet nonetheless is toxic at higher concentrations. Surprisingly, the mechanism(s) of cellular H2 O2 toxicity remain poorly understood. Here, we reveal an important role for mitochondrial 1-Cys peroxiredoxin from budding yeast, Prx1, in regulating H2 O2 -induced cell death. We show that Prx1 efficiently transfers oxidative equivalents from H2 O2 to the mitochondrial glutathione pool. Deletion of PRX1 abrogates glutathione oxidation and leads to a cytosolic adaptive response involving upregulation of the catalase, Ctt1. Both of these effects contribute to improved cell viability following an acute H2 O2 challenge. By replacing PRX1 with natural and engineered peroxiredoxin variants, we could predictably induce widely differing matrix glutathione responses to H2 O2 . Therefore, we demonstrated a key role for matrix glutathione oxidation in driving H2 O2 -induced cell death. Finally, we reveal that hyperoxidation of Prx1 serves as a switch-off mechanism to limit oxidation of matrix glutathione at high H2 O2 concentrations. This enables yeast cells to strike a fine balance between H2 O2 removal and limitation of matrix glutathione oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Calabrese
- Department for ChemistryInstitute for BiochemistryUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Esra Peker
- Department for ChemistryInstitute for BiochemistryUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Prince Saforo Amponsah
- Department for BiologyCellular BiochemistryUniversity of KaiserslauternKaiserslauternGermany
- Institute of BiochemistryUniversity of the SaarlandSaarbrueckenGermany
| | | | - Trine Riemer
- Department for ChemistryInstitute for BiochemistryUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Marie Mai
- Institute of BiochemistryUniversity of the SaarlandSaarbrueckenGermany
| | - Gerd Patrick Bienert
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz‐Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)GaterslebenGermany
| | - Marcel Deponte
- Department of Chemistry/BiochemistryUniversity of KaiserslauternKaiserslauternGermany
| | - Bruce Morgan
- Institute of BiochemistryUniversity of the SaarlandSaarbrueckenGermany
| | - Jan Riemer
- Department for ChemistryInstitute for BiochemistryUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
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17
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Loberg MA, Hurtig JE, Graff AH, Allan KM, Buchan JA, Spencer MK, Kelly JE, Clodfelter JE, Morano KA, Lowther WT, West JD. Aromatic Residues at the Dimer-Dimer Interface in the Peroxiredoxin Tsa1 Facilitate Decamer Formation and Biological Function. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:474-483. [PMID: 30701970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To prevent the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and limit associated damage to biological macromolecules, cells express a variety of oxidant-detoxifying enzymes, including peroxiredoxins. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the peroxiredoxin Tsa1 plays a key role in peroxide clearance and maintenance of genome stability. Five homodimers of Tsa1 can assemble into a toroid-shaped decamer, with the active sites in the enzyme being shared between individual dimers in the decamer. Here, we have examined whether two conserved aromatic residues at the decamer-building interface promote Tsa1 oligomerization, enzymatic activity, and biological function. When substituting either or both of these aromatic residues at the decamer-building interface with either alanine or leucine, we found that the Tsa1 decamer is destabilized, favoring dimeric species instead. These proteins exhibit varying abilities to rescue the phenotypes of oxidant sensitivity and genomic instability in yeast lacking Tsa1 and Tsa2, with the individual leucine substitutions at this interface partially complementing the deletion phenotypes. The ability of Tsa1 decamer interface variants to partially rescue peroxidase function in deletion strains is temperature-dependent and correlates with their relative rate of reactivity with hydrogen peroxide and their ability to interact with thioredoxin. Based on the combined results of in vitro and in vivo assays, our findings indicate that multiple steps in the catalytic cycle of Tsa1 may be impaired by introducing substitutions at its decamer-building interface, suggesting a multifaceted biological basis for its assembly into decamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Loberg
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Program, Departments of Biology and Chemistry , The College of Wooster , Wooster , Ohio 44691 , United States
| | - Jennifer E Hurtig
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Program, Departments of Biology and Chemistry , The College of Wooster , Wooster , Ohio 44691 , United States.,Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School , The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States
| | - Aaron H Graff
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Structural Biology , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27101 , United States
| | - Kristin M Allan
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Program, Departments of Biology and Chemistry , The College of Wooster , Wooster , Ohio 44691 , United States
| | - John A Buchan
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Program, Departments of Biology and Chemistry , The College of Wooster , Wooster , Ohio 44691 , United States
| | - Matthew K Spencer
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Program, Departments of Biology and Chemistry , The College of Wooster , Wooster , Ohio 44691 , United States
| | - Joseph E Kelly
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Program, Departments of Biology and Chemistry , The College of Wooster , Wooster , Ohio 44691 , United States
| | - Jill E Clodfelter
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Structural Biology , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27101 , United States
| | - Kevin A Morano
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School , The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States
| | - W Todd Lowther
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Structural Biology , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina 27101 , United States
| | - James D West
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Program, Departments of Biology and Chemistry , The College of Wooster , Wooster , Ohio 44691 , United States
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18
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Piecing Together How Peroxiredoxins Maintain Genomic Stability. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7120177. [PMID: 30486489 PMCID: PMC6316004 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7120177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins, a highly conserved family of thiol oxidoreductases, play a key role in oxidant detoxification by partnering with the thioredoxin system to protect against oxidative stress. In addition to their peroxidase activity, certain types of peroxiredoxins possess other biochemical activities, including assistance in preventing protein aggregation upon exposure to high levels of oxidants (molecular chaperone activity), and the transduction of redox signals to downstream proteins (redox switch activity). Mice lacking the peroxiredoxin Prdx1 exhibit an increased incidence of tumor formation, whereas baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) lacking the orthologous peroxiredoxin Tsa1 exhibit a mutator phenotype. Collectively, these findings suggest a potential link between peroxiredoxins, control of genomic stability, and cancer etiology. Here, we examine the potential mechanisms through which Tsa1 lowers mutation rates, taking into account its diverse biochemical roles in oxidant defense, protein homeostasis, and redox signaling as well as its interplay with thioredoxin and thioredoxin substrates, including ribonucleotide reductase. More work is needed to clarify the nuanced mechanism(s) through which this highly conserved peroxidase influences genome stability, and to determine if this mechanism is similar across a range of species.
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19
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Peroxiredoxins (Prxs), a family of thiol-associated peroxidases, are purported to play a major role in sensing and managing hydrogen peroxide concentrations and transducing peroxide-derived signals. Recent Advances: Prxs can act as detoxifying factors and impart effects to cells that can be either sparing or suicidal. Advances have been made to address the qualitative changes in Prx function in response to quantitative changes in the signal level and to understand how Prx activity could be affected by their own substrates. Here we rationalize the basis for both positive and negative effects on signaling pathways and cell physiology, summarizing data from model organisms, including invertebrates. CRITICAL ISSUES Resolving the relationship between the promiscuous behavior of reactive oxygen species and the specificity of Prxs toward different targets in redox-sensitive signaling pathways is a key area of research. Attempts to understand Prx function and underlying mechanisms were conducted in vitro or in vivo under nonphysiological conditions, leaving the physiological relevance yet to be defined. Other issues: Why despite the high degree of homology and similarities in subcellular and tissue distribution between Prxs do they display differential effects on signaling? How is the specificity of post-translational protein modifications determined? Other than chaperone-like activity, how do hyperoxidized Prxs function? FUTURE DIRECTIONS Genetic models with mutated catalytic and resolving cysteines should be further exploited to dissect the functional significance of individual Prxs in their different states together with their alternative reducing partners. Such an analysis may then be extended to help identify Prx-specific targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana N Radyuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University , Dallas, Texas
| | - William C Orr
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University , Dallas, Texas
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Analyses of the three 1-Cys Peroxiredoxins from Aspergillus fumigatus reveal that cytosolic Prx1 is central to H 2O 2 metabolism and virulence. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12314. [PMID: 30120327 PMCID: PMC6098058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30108-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Standing among the front defense strategies against pathogens, host phagocytic cells release various oxidants. Therefore, pathogens have to cope with stressful conditions at the site of infection. Peroxiredoxins (Prx) are highly reactive and abundant peroxidases that can support virulence and persistence of pathogens in distinct hosts. Here, we revealed that the opportunistic human pathogen A. fumigatus presents three 1-Cys Prx (Prx6 subfamily), which is unprecedented. We showed that PrxB and PrxC were in mitochondria, while Prx1 was in cytosol. As observed for other Prxs, recombinant Prx1 and PrxC decomposed H2O2 at elevated velocities (rate constants in the 107 M−1s−1 range). Deletion mutants for each Prx displayed higher sensitivity to oxidative challenge in comparison with the wild-type strain. Additionally, cytosolic Prx1 was important for A. fumigatus survival upon electron transport dysfunction. Expression of Prxs was dependent on the SakAHOG1 MAP kinase and the Yap1YAP1 transcription factor, a global regulator of the oxidative stress response in fungi. Finally, cytosolic Prx1 played a major role in pathogenicity, since it is required for full virulence, using a neutropenic mouse infection model. Our data indicate that the three 1-Cys Prxs act together to maintain the redox balance of A. fumigatus.
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21
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Selvaggio G, Coelho PMBM, Salvador A. Mapping the phenotypic repertoire of the cytoplasmic 2-Cys peroxiredoxin - Thioredoxin system. 1. Understanding commonalities and differences among cell types. Redox Biol 2018; 15:297-315. [PMID: 29304480 PMCID: PMC5975082 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The system (PTTRS) formed by typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxins (Prx), thioredoxin (Trx), Trx reductase (TrxR), and sulfiredoxin (Srx) is central in antioxidant protection and redox signaling in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Understanding how the PTTRS integrates these functions requires tracing phenotypes to molecular properties, which is non-trivial. Here we analyze this problem based on a model that captures the PTTRS' conserved features. We have mapped the conditions that generate each distinct response to H2O2 supply rates (vsup), and estimated the parameters for thirteen human cell types and for Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The resulting composition-to-phenotype map yielded the following experimentally testable predictions. The PTTRS permits many distinct responses including ultra-sensitivity and hysteresis. However, nearly all tumor cell lines showed a similar response characterized by limited Trx-S- depletion and a substantial but self-limited gradual accumulation of hyperoxidized Prx at high vsup. This similarity ensues from strong correlations between the TrxR, Srx and Prx activities over cell lines, which contribute to maintain the Prx-SS reduction capacity in slight excess over the maximal steady state Prx-SS production. In turn, in erythrocytes, hepatocytes and HepG2 cells high vsup depletes Trx-S- and oxidizes Prx mainly to Prx-SS. In all nucleated human cells the Prx-SS reduction capacity defined a threshold separating two different regimes. At sub-threshold vsup the cytoplasmic H2O2 concentration is determined by Prx, nM-range and spatially localized, whereas at supra-threshold vsup it is determined by much less active alternative sinks and μM-range throughout the cytoplasm. The yeast shows a distinct response where the Prx Tsa1 accumulates in sulfenate form at high vsup. This is mainly due to an exceptional stability of Tsa1's sulfenate. The implications of these findings for thiol redox regulation and cell physiology are discussed. All estimates were thoroughly documented and provided, together with analytical approximations for system properties, as a resource for quantitative redox biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Selvaggio
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; MIT-Portugal Program Bioengineering Systems Doctoral Program, Portugal
| | - Pedro M B M Coelho
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Armindo Salvador
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; CQC, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
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22
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Nelson KJ, Perkins A, Van Swearingen AED, Hartman S, Brereton AE, Parsonage D, Salsbury FR, Karplus PA, Poole LB. Experimentally Dissecting the Origins of Peroxiredoxin Catalysis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:521-536. [PMID: 28375740 PMCID: PMC5806077 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are ubiquitous cysteine-based peroxidases involved in oxidant defense and signal transduction. Despite much study, the precise roles of conserved residues remain poorly defined. In this study, we carried out extensive functional and structural characterization of 10 variants of such residues in a model decameric bacterial Prx. RESULTS Three active site proximal mutations of Salmonella typhimurium AhpC, T43V, R119A, and E49Q, lowered catalytic efficiency with hydrogen peroxide by 4-5 orders of magnitude, but did not affect reactivity toward their reductant, AhpF. pKa values of the peroxidatic cysteine were also shifted up by 1-1.3 pH units for these and a decamer disruption mutant, T77I. Except for the decamer-stabilizing T77V, all mutations destabilized decamers in the reduced form. In the oxidized form, three mutants-T77V, T43A, and T43S-exhibited stabilized decamers and were more efficiently reduced by AhpF than wild-type AhpC. Crystal structures of most mutants were solved and many showed alterations in stability of the fully folded active site loop. INNOVATION This is the first study of Prx mutants to comprehensively assess the effects of mutations on catalytic activities, the active site cysteine pKa, and the protein structure and oligomeric status. CONCLUSION The Arg119 side chain must be properly situated for efficient catalysis, but for other debilitating variants, the functional defects could be explained by structural perturbations and/or associated decamer destabilization rather than direct effects. This underscores the importance of our comprehensive approach. A remarkable new finding was the preference of the reductant for decamers. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 521-536.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly J Nelson
- 1 Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,2 Center for Redox Biology and Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Arden Perkins
- 3 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Amanda E D Van Swearingen
- 1 Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,2 Center for Redox Biology and Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Steven Hartman
- 3 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Andrew E Brereton
- 3 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Derek Parsonage
- 1 Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,2 Center for Redox Biology and Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Freddie R Salsbury
- 2 Center for Redox Biology and Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,4 Department of Physics, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - P Andrew Karplus
- 3 Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Leslie B Poole
- 1 Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,2 Center for Redox Biology and Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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23
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Ferrer-Sueta G, Campolo N, Trujillo M, Bartesaghi S, Carballal S, Romero N, Alvarez B, Radi R. Biochemistry of Peroxynitrite and Protein Tyrosine Nitration. Chem Rev 2018; 118:1338-1408. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Ferrer-Sueta
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Nicolás Campolo
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Madia Trujillo
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Silvina Bartesaghi
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sebastián Carballal
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Natalia Romero
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Beatriz Alvarez
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rafael Radi
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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24
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Gao J, Feng H, Yuan W, Li Y, Hou S, Zhong S, Bai F. Enhanced fermentative performance under stresses of multiple lignocellulose-derived inhibitors by overexpression of a typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxin from Kluyveromyces marxianus. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:79. [PMID: 28360937 PMCID: PMC5370469 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0766-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioethanol from lignocellulosic materials is of great significance to the production of renewable fuels due to its wide sources. However, multiple inhibitors generated from pretreatments represent great challenges for its industrial-scale fermentation. Despite the complex toxicity mechanisms, lignocellulose-derived inhibitors have been reported to be related to the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which makes oxidoreductase a potential target for the enhancement of the tolerance of yeasts to these inhibitors. RESULTS A typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxin from Kluyveromyces marxianus Y179 (KmTPX1) was identified, and its overexpression was achieved in Saccharomyces cerevisiae 280. Strain TPX1 with overexpressed KmTPX1 gene showed an enhanced tolerance to oxidative stresses. Serial dilution assay indicated that KmTPX1 gene contributed to a better cellular growth behavior, when the cells were exposed to multiple lignocellulose-derived inhibitors, such as formic acid, acetic acid, furfural, ethanol, and salt. In particular, KmTPX1 expression also possessed enhanced tolerance to a mixture of formic acid, acetic acid, and furfural (FAF) with a shorter lag period. The maximum glucose consumption rate and ethanol generation rate in KmTPX1-expressing strain were significantly improved, compared with the control. The mechanism of improved tolerance to FAF depends on the lower level of intracellular ROS for cell survival under stress. CONCLUSION A new functional gene KmTPX1 from K. marxianus is firstly associated with the enhanced tolerance to multiple lignocellulose-derived inhibitors in S. cerevisiae. We provided a possible detoxification mechanism of the KmTPX1 for further theoretical research; meanwhile, we provided a powerful potential for application of the KmTPX1 overexpressing strain in ethanol production from lignocellulosic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoqi Gao
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Hualiang Feng
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Wenjie Yuan
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Yimin Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Shengbo Hou
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Shijun Zhong
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Fengwu Bai
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
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25
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Godahewa GI, Perera NCN, Elvitigala DAS, Jayasooriya RGPT, Kim GY, Lee J. Characterization of a 1-cysteine peroxiredoxin from big-belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis); insights into host antioxidant defense, molecular profiling and its expressional response to septic conditions. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 57:186-197. [PMID: 27542613 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
1-cysteine peroxiredoxin (Prx6) is an antioxidant enzyme that protects cells by detoxifying multiple peroxide species. This study aimed to describe molecular features, functional assessments and potential immune responses of Prx6 identified from the big-belly seahorse, Hippocampus abdominalis (HaPrx6). The complete ORF (666 bp) of HaPrx6 encodes a polypeptide (24 kDa) of 222 amino acids, and harbors a prominent peroxiredoxin super-family domain, a peroxidatic catalytic center, and a peroxidatic cysteine. The deduced amino acid sequence of HaPrx6 shares a relatively high amino acid sequence similarity and close evolutionary relationship with Oplegnathus fasciatus Prx6. The purified recombinant HaPrx6 protein (rHaPrx6) was shown to protect plasmid DNA in the Metal Catalyzed Oxidation (MCO) assay and, together with 1,4-Dithiothreitol (DTT), protected human leukemia THP-1 cells from extracellular H2O2-mediated cell death. In addition, quantitative real-time PCR revealed that HaPrx6 mRNA was constitutively expressed in 14 different tissues, with the highest expression observed in liver tissue. Inductive transcriptional responses were observed in liver and kidney tissues of fish after treating them with bacterial stimuli, including LPS, Edwardsiella tarda, and Streptococcus iniae. These results suggest that HaPrx6 may play an important role in the immune response of the big-belly seahorse against microbial infection. Collectively, these findings provide structural and functional insights into HaPrx6.
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Affiliation(s)
- G I Godahewa
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - N C N Perera
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Don Anushka Sandaruwan Elvitigala
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Department of Zoology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - R G P T Jayasooriya
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Tairum CA, Santos MC, Breyer CA, Geyer RR, Nieves CJ, Portillo-Ledesma S, Ferrer-Sueta G, Toledo JC, Toyama MH, Augusto O, Netto LES, de Oliveira MA. Catalytic Thr or Ser Residue Modulates Structural Switches in 2-Cys Peroxiredoxin by Distinct Mechanisms. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33133. [PMID: 27629822 PMCID: PMC5024103 DOI: 10.1038/srep33133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Typical 2-Cys Peroxiredoxins (2-Cys Prxs) reduce hydroperoxides with extraordinary rates due to an active site composed of a catalytic triad, containing a peroxidatic cysteine (CP), an Arg, and a Thr (or Ser). 2-Cys Prx are involved in processes such as cancer; neurodegeneration and host-pathogen interactions. During catalysis, 2-Cys Prxs switch between decamers and dimers. Analysis of 2-Cys Prx structures in the fully folded (but not locally unfolded) form revealed a highly conserved, non-conventional hydrogen bond (CH-π) between the catalytic triad Thr of a dimer with an aromatic residue of an adjacent dimer. In contrast, structures of 2-Cys Prxs with a Ser in place of the Thr do not display this CH-π bond. Chromatographic and structural data indicate that the Thr (but not Ser) destabilizes the decamer structure in the oxidized state probably through steric hindrance. As a general trend, mutations in a yeast 2-Cys Prx (Tsa1) favoring the dimeric state also displayed a decreased catalytic activity. Remarkably, yeast naturally contains Thr-Ser variants (Tsa1 and Tsa2, respectively) with distinct oligomeric stabilities in their disulfide states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Tairum
- Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Vicente, São Paulo, 11330-900, Brazil
| | - Melina Cardoso Santos
- Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Vicente, São Paulo, 11330-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Breyer
- Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Vicente, São Paulo, 11330-900, Brazil
| | - R Ryan Geyer
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Cecilia J Nieves
- Facultad de Ciencias - Universidad de la República - Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | | | - José Carlos Toledo
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto - SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Marcos H Toyama
- Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Vicente, São Paulo, 11330-900, Brazil
| | - Ohara Augusto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Luis E S Netto
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Marcos A de Oliveira
- Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Vicente, São Paulo, 11330-900, Brazil
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27
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Lee JT, Lee SS, Mondal S, Tripathi BN, Kim S, Lee KW, Hong SH, Bai HW, Cho JY, Chung BY. Enhancement of the Chaperone Activity of Alkyl Hydroperoxide Reductase C from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Resulting from a Point-Specific Mutation Confers Heat Tolerance in Escherichia coli. Mol Cells 2016; 39:594-602. [PMID: 27457208 PMCID: PMC4990751 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit C from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 (PaAhpC) is a member of the 2-Cys peroxiredoxin family. Here, we examined the peroxidase and molecular chaperone functions of PaAhpC using a site-directed mutagenesis approach by substitution of Ser and Thr residues with Cys at positions 78 and 105 located between two catalytic cysteines. Substitution of Ser with Cys at position 78 enhanced the chaperone activity of the mutant (S78C-PaAhpC) by approximately 9-fold compared with that of the wild-type protein (WT-PaAhpC). This increased activity may have been associated with the proportionate increase in the high-molecular-weight (HMW) fraction and enhanced hydrophobicity of S78C-PaAhpC. Homology modeling revealed that mutation of Ser(78) to Cys(78) resulted in a more compact decameric structure than that observed in WT-PaAhpC and decreased the atomic distance between the two neighboring sulfur atoms of Cys(78) in the dimer-dimer interface of S78C-PaAhpC, which could be responsible for the enhanced hydrophobic interaction at the dimer-dimer interface. Furthermore, complementation assays showed that S78C-PaAhpC exhibited greatly improved the heat tolerance, resulting in enhanced survival under thermal stress. Thus, addition of Cys at position 78 in PaAhpC modulated the functional shifting of this protein from a peroxidase to a chaperone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Taek Lee
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
- Fruit Vegetables Research Institute, Jellabuk-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Gunsan 54062,
Korea
| | - Seung Sik Lee
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
- Department of Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113,
Korea
| | - Suvendu Mondal
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
| | - Bhumi Nath Tripathi
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
| | - Siu Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Program), Gyeong-sang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Program), Gyeong-sang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Hong
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Hyoung-Woo Bai
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
| | - Jae-Young Cho
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896,
Korea
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
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28
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Structures of Human Peroxiredoxin 3 Suggest Self-Chaperoning Assembly that Maintains Catalytic State. Structure 2016; 24:1120-9. [PMID: 27238969 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins are antioxidant proteins primarily responsible for detoxification of hydroperoxides in cells. On exposure to various cellular stresses, peroxiredoxins can acquire chaperone activity, manifested as quaternary reorganization into a high molecular weight (HMW) form. Acidification, for example, causes dodecameric rings of human peroxiredoxin 3 (HsPrx3) to stack into long helical filaments. In this work, a 4.1-Å resolution structure of low-pH-instigated helical filaments was elucidated, showing a locally unfolded active site and partially folded C terminus. A 2.8-Å crystal structure of HsPrx3 was determined at pH 8.5 under reducing conditions, wherein dodecameric rings are arranged as a short stack, with symmetry similar to low-pH filaments. In contrast to previous observations, the crystal structure displays both a fully folded active site and ordered C terminus, suggesting that the HsPrx3 HMW form maintains catalytic activity. We propose a new role for the HMW form as a self-chaperoning assembly maintaining HsPrx3 function under stress.
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29
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Netto LES, de Oliveira MA, Tairum CA, da Silva Neto JF. Conferring specificity in redox pathways by enzymatic thiol/disulfide exchange reactions. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:206-45. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1120864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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30
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Netto LES, Antunes F. The Roles of Peroxiredoxin and Thioredoxin in Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing and in Signal Transduction. Mol Cells 2016; 39:65-71. [PMID: 26813662 PMCID: PMC4749877 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.2349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A challenge in the redox field is the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms, by which H2O2 mediates signal transduction in cells. This is relevant since redox pathways are disturbed in some pathologies. The transcription factor OxyR is the H2O2 sensor in bacteria, whereas Cys-based peroxidases are involved in the perception of this oxidant in eukaryotic cells. Three possible mechanisms may be involved in H2O2 signaling that are not mutually exclusive. In the simplest pathway, H2O2 signals through direct oxidation of the signaling protein, such as a phosphatase or a transcription factor. Although signaling proteins are frequently observed in the oxidized state in biological systems, in most cases their direct oxidation by H2O2 is too slow (10(1) M(-1)s(-1) range) to outcompete Cys-based peroxidases and glutathione. In some particular cellular compartments (such as vicinity of NADPH oxidases), it is possible that a signaling protein faces extremely high H2O2 concentrations, making the direct oxidation feasible. Alternatively, high H2O2 levels can hyperoxidize peroxiredoxins leading to local building up of H2O2 that then could oxidize a signaling protein (floodgate hypothesis). In a second model, H2O2 oxidizes Cys-based peroxidases that then through thiol-disulfide reshuffling would transmit the oxidized equivalents to the signaling protein. The third model of signaling is centered on the reducing substrate of Cys-based peroxidases that in most cases is thioredoxin. Is this model, peroxiredoxins would signal by modulating the thioredoxin redox status. More kinetic data is required to allow the identification of the complex network of thiol switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis E. S. Netto
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo – SP,
Brazil
| | - Fernando Antunes
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa,
Portugal
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Nielsen MH, Kidmose RT, Jenner LB. Structure of TSA2 reveals novel features of the active-site loop of peroxiredoxins. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2016; 72:158-67. [DOI: 10.1107/s2059798315023815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiaeTSA2 belongs to the family of typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxins, a ubiquitously expressed family of redox-active enzymes that utilize a conserved peroxidatic cysteine to reduce peroxides. Typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxins have been shown to be involved in protection against oxidative stress and in hydrogen peroxide signalling. Furthermore, several 2-Cys peroxiredoxins, includingS. cerevisiaeTSA1 and TSA2, are able to switch to chaperone activity upon hyperoxidation of their peroxidatic cysteine. This makes the sensitivity to hyperoxidation of the peroxidatic cysteine a very important determinant for the cellular function of a peroxiredoxin under different cellular conditions. Typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxins exist as dimers, and in the course of the reaction the peroxidatic cysteine forms a disulfide with a resolving cysteine located in the C-terminus of its dimeric partner. This requires a local unfolding of the active site and the C-terminus. The balance between the fully folded and locally unfolded conformations is of key importance for the reactivity and sensitivity to hyperoxidation of the different peroxiredoxins. Here, the structure of a C48S mutant of TSA2 fromS. cerevisiaethat mimics the reduced state of the peroxidatic cysteine has been determined. The structure reveals a novel conformation for the strictly conserved Pro41, which is likely to affect the delicate balance between the fully folded and locally unfolded conformations of the active site, and therefore the reactivity and the sensitivity to hyperoxidation. Furthermore, the structure also explains the observed difference in the pKavalues of the peroxidatic cysteines ofS. cerevisiaeTSA1 and TSA2 despite their very high sequence identity.
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Lennicke C, Rahn J, Lichtenfels R, Wessjohann LA, Seliger B. Hydrogen peroxide - production, fate and role in redox signaling of tumor cells. Cell Commun Signal 2015; 13:39. [PMID: 26369938 PMCID: PMC4570748 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-015-0118-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is involved in various signal transduction pathways and cell fate decisions. The mechanism of the so called “redox signaling” includes the H2O2-mediated reversible oxidation of redox sensitive cysteine residues in enzymes and transcription factors thereby altering their activities. Depending on its intracellular concentration and localization, H2O2 exhibits either pro- or anti-apoptotic activities. In comparison to normal cells, cancer cells are characterized by an increased H2O2 production rate and an impaired redox balance thereby affecting the microenvironment as well as the anti-tumoral immune response. This article reviews the current knowledge about the intracellular production of H2O2 along with redox signaling pathways mediating either the growth or apoptosis of tumor cells. In addition it will be discussed how the targeting of H2O2-linked sources and/or signaling components involved in tumor progression and survival might lead to novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Lennicke
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Jette Rahn
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Rudolf Lichtenfels
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Leibniz-Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle /Saale, Germany
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112, Halle/Saale, Germany.
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Mishra M, Jiang H, Wu L, Chawsheen HA, Wei Q. The sulfiredoxin-peroxiredoxin (Srx-Prx) axis in cell signal transduction and cancer development. Cancer Lett 2015; 366:150-9. [PMID: 26170166 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Redox signaling is a critical component of cell signaling pathways that are involved in the regulation of cell growth, metabolism, hormone signaling, immune regulation and variety of other physiological functions. Peroxiredoxin (Prx) is a family of thiol-based peroxidase that acts as a regulator of redox signaling. Members of Prx family can act as antioxidants and chaperones. Sulfiredoxin (Srx) is an antioxidant protein that exclusively reduces over-oxidized typical 2-Cys Prx. Srx has different affinities for individual Prx and it also catalyzes the deglutathionylation of variety of substrates. Individual component of the Srx-Prx system plays critical role in carcinogenesis by modulating cell signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, migration and metastasis. Expression levels of individual component of the Srx-Prx axis have been correlated with patient survival outcome in multiple cancer types. This review will summarize the molecular basis of differences in the affinity of Srx for individual Prx and the role of individual component of the Srx-Prx system in tumor progression and metastasis. This enhanced understanding of molecular aspects of Srx-Prx interaction and its role in cell signal transduction will help define the Srx-Prx system as a future therapeutic target in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murli Mishra
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Lisha Wu
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Hedy A Chawsheen
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Qiou Wei
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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Perkins A, Nelson KJ, Parsonage D, Poole LB, Karplus PA. Peroxiredoxins: guardians against oxidative stress and modulators of peroxide signaling. Trends Biochem Sci 2015; 40:435-45. [PMID: 26067716 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a ubiquitous family of cysteine-dependent peroxidase enzymes that play dominant roles in regulating peroxide levels within cells. These enzymes, often present at high levels and capable of rapidly clearing peroxides, display a remarkable array of variations in their oligomeric states and susceptibility to regulation by hyperoxidative inactivation and other post-translational modifications. Key conserved residues within the active site promote catalysis by stabilizing the transition state required for transferring the terminal oxygen of hydroperoxides to the active site (peroxidatic) cysteine residue. Extensive investigations continue to expand our understanding of the scope of their importance as well as the structures and forces at play within these critical defense and regulatory enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arden Perkins
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
| | - Kimberly J Nelson
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Derek Parsonage
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Leslie B Poole
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - P Andrew Karplus
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA.
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Godahewa GI, Kim Y, Dananjaya SHS, Jayasooriya RGPT, Noh JK, Lee J, De Zoysa M. Mitochondrial peroxiredoxin 3 (Prx3) from rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus): immune responses and role of recombinant Prx3 in protecting cells from hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 43:131-141. [PMID: 25542382 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic infections and environmental factors cause a variety of stresses in fish including oxidative stress by rapid elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Transcriptional activation and expression of antioxidant enzymes are essential for reducing the oxidative stress. In this study, we present the molecular characterization, immune responses and ROS scavenging activity of mitochondrial peroxiredoxin 3 from Oplegnathus fasciatus (RbPrx3). Coding sequence (CDS) of RbPrx3 contains 248 amino acids polypeptide which consists of highly conserved peroxiredoxin super family domain and two cysteine residues. Pairwise sequence comparison revealed that RbPrx3 has the greatest identity (94.8%) to Sparus aurata Prx3. Transcriptional analysis of RbPrx3 indicated the ubiquitously expressed mRNA in wide array of organs showing the highest expression in the liver of rock bream. Upon immune challenge of Edwardsiella tarda, Streptococcus iniae, rock bream iridovirus (RBIV) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), RbPrx3 mRNA level was up-regulated in immunocompetent liver tissues compared to unchallenged fish. Purified recombinant RbPrx3 treated THP-1 cells showed higher survival rate against H(2)O(2) induced oxidative stress and significantly reduced the level of intracellular ROS. Overall results from our study suggest that RbPrx3 may be involved in broader functions such as regulating oxidative stresses by scavenging ROS and activating immune responses in rock bream.
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Affiliation(s)
- G I Godahewa
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Yucheol Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - S H S Dananjaya
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Program) and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - R G P T Jayasooriya
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Koo Noh
- Genetics & Breeding Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Geoje 656-842, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 Plus Program) and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea.
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Zeida A, Reyes AM, Lebrero MCG, Radi R, Trujillo M, Estrina DA. The extraordinary catalytic ability of peroxiredoxins: a combined experimental and QM/MM study on the fast thiol oxidation step. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:10070-3. [PMID: 25045760 PMCID: PMC4336542 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02899f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) catalyze the reduction of peroxides, a process of key relevance in a variety of cellular processes. The first step in the catalytic cycle of all Prxs is the oxidation of a cysteine residue to sulfenic acid, which occurs 10(3)-10(7) times faster than in free cysteine. We present an experimental kinetics and hybrid QM/MM investigation to explore the reaction of Prxs with H2O2 using alkyl hydroperoxide reductase E from Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a Prx model. We report for the first time the thermodynamic activation parameters of H2O2 reduction using Prx, which show that protein significantly lowers the activation enthalpy, with an unfavourable entropic effect, compared to the uncatalyzed reaction. The QM/MM simulations show that the remarkable catalytic effects responsible for the fast H2O2 reduction in Prxs are mainly due to an active-site arrangement, which establishes a complex hydrogen bond network activating both reactive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Zeida
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química-Física and INQUIMAE-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. 2, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anibal M. Reyes
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral Flores 2125, CP 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mariano C. G. Lebrero
- IQUIFIB-Dpto. Química Biológica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rafael Radi
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral Flores 2125, CP 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Madia Trujillo
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral Flores 2125, CP 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Meireles DDA, Alegria TGP, Alves SV, Arantes CRR, Netto LES. A 14.7 kDa protein from Francisella tularensis subsp. novicida (named FTN_1133), involved in the response to oxidative stress induced by organic peroxides, is not endowed with thiol-dependent peroxidase activity. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99492. [PMID: 24959833 PMCID: PMC4069020 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Francisella genus comprises Gram-negative facultative intracellular bacteria that are among the most infectious human pathogens. A protein of 14.7 KDa named as FTN_1133 was previously described as a novel hydroperoxide resistance protein in F. tularensis subsp. novicida, implicated in organic peroxide detoxification and virulence. Here, we describe a structural and biochemical characterization of FTN_1133. Contrary to previous assumptions, multiple amino acid sequence alignment analyses revealed that FTN_1133 does not share significant similarity with proteins of the Ohr/OsmC family or any other Cys-based, thiol dependent peroxidase, including conserved motifs around reactive cysteine residues. Circular dichroism analyses were consistent with the in silico prediction of an all-α-helix secondary structure. The pKa of its single cysteine residue, determined by a monobromobimane alkylation method, was shown to be 8.0±0.1, value that is elevated when compared with other Cys-based peroxidases, such as peroxiredoxins and Ohr/OsmC proteins. Attempts to determine a thiol peroxidase activity for FTN_1133 failed, using both dithiols (DTT, thioredoxin and lipoamide) and monothiols (glutathione or 2-mercaptoethanol) as reducing agents. Heterologous expression of FTN_1133 gene in ahpC and oxyR mutants of E. coli showed no complementation. Furthermore, analysis of FTN_1133 protein by non-reducing SDS-PAGE showed that an inter-molecular disulfide bond (not detected in Ohr proteins) can be generated under hydroperoxide treatment, but the observed rates were not comparable to those observed for other thiol-dependent peroxidases. All the biochemical and structural data taken together indicated that FTN_1133 displayed distinct characteristics from other thiol dependent peroxidases and, therefore, suggested that FTN_1133 is not directly involved in hydroperoxide detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo de Abreu Meireles
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Geronimo Pires Alegria
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone Vidigal Alves
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Rani Rocha Arantes
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo Soares Netto
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Demasi M, Netto LE, Silva GM, Hand A, de Oliveira CL, Bicev RN, Gozzo F, Barros MH, Leme JM, Ohara E. Redox regulation of the proteasome via S-glutathionylation. Redox Biol 2013; 2:44-51. [PMID: 24396728 PMCID: PMC3881202 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteasome is a multimeric and multicatalytic intracellular protease responsible for the degradation of proteins involved in cell cycle control, various signaling processes, antigen presentation, and control of protein synthesis. The central catalytic complex of the proteasome is called the 20S core particle. The majority of these are flanked on one or both sides by regulatory units. Most common among these units is the 19S regulatory unit. When coupled to the 19S unit, the complex is termed the asymmetric or symmetric 26S proteasome depending on whether one or both sides are coupled to the 19S unit, respectively. The 26S proteasome recognizes poly-ubiquitinylated substrates targeted for proteolysis. Targeted proteins interact with the 19S unit where they are deubiquitinylated, unfolded, and translocated to the 20S catalytic chamber for degradation. The 26S proteasome is responsible for the degradation of major proteins involved in the regulation of the cellular cycle, antigen presentation and control of protein synthesis. Alternatively, the proteasome is also active when dissociated from regulatory units. This free pool of 20S proteasome is described in yeast to mammalian cells. The free 20S proteasome degrades proteins by a process independent of poly-ubiquitinylation and ATP consumption. Oxidatively modified proteins and other substrates are degraded in this manner. The 20S proteasome comprises two central heptamers (β-rings) where the catalytic sites are located and two external heptamers (α-rings) that are responsible for proteasomal gating. Because the 20S proteasome lacks regulatory units, it is unclear what mechanisms regulate the gating of α-rings between open and closed forms. In the present review, we discuss 20S proteasomal gating modulation through a redox mechanism, namely, S-glutathionylation of cysteine residues located in the α-rings, and the consequence of this post-translational modification on 20S proteasomal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilene Demasi
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis E.S. Netto
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, IB-Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo M. Silva
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, IB-Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adrian Hand
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Renata N. Bicev
- Departamento de Física Experimental, IF-Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio Gozzo
- Instituto de Química, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Mario H. Barros
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB-Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Janaina M.M. Leme
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, IB-Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Erina Ohara
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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