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Zhang C, Guo M, Kong Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Sun S, Li X, Zeng X, Gong H, Fan X. Antifungal mechanism of phenyllactic acid against Mucor investigated through proteomic analysis. Food Chem 2024; 452:139525. [PMID: 38718453 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The primary inhibitory targets of phenyllactic acid (PLA, including D-PLA and L-PLA) on Mucor were investigated using Mucor racemosus LD3.0026 isolated from naturally spoiled cherry, as an indicator fungi. The results demonstrated that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of PLA against Mucor was 12.5 mmol·L-1. Results showed that the growing cells at the tip of the Mucor were not visibly deformed, and there was no damage to the cell wall following PLA treatment; however, PLA damaged the cell membrane and internal structure. The results of isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) indicated that the Mucor mitochondrial respiratory chain may be the target of PLA, potentially inhibiting the energy supply of Mucor. These results indicate that the antifungal mechanism of PLA against mold is independent of its molecular configuration. The growth of Mucor is suppressed by PLA, which destroys the organelle structure in the mycelium and inhibits energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqi Zhang
- College of Food Engineering, Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Technology for Prepared Food, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Food Green Processing and Quality Control, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, PR China
| | - Mingmei Guo
- Mudan District Mudan Street Sub-district Office, Heze, Shandong 274000, PR China
| | - Yanhui Kong
- Yantai Landscape Construction and Maintenance Center, Yantai, Shandong 264000, PR China
| | - Juanyue Zhang
- College of Food Engineering, Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Technology for Prepared Food, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Food Green Processing and Quality Control, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, PR China
| | - Jingyue Wang
- College of Food Engineering, Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Technology for Prepared Food, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Food Green Processing and Quality Control, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, PR China
| | - Shuyang Sun
- College of Food Engineering, Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Technology for Prepared Food, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Food Green Processing and Quality Control, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, PR China
| | - Xiulian Li
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Xiangquan Zeng
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette 47906, IN, USA
| | - Hansheng Gong
- College of Food Engineering, Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Technology for Prepared Food, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Food Green Processing and Quality Control, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, PR China.
| | - Xinguang Fan
- College of Food Engineering, Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanoscience and Technology for Prepared Food, Yantai Engineering Research Center of Food Green Processing and Quality Control, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, PR China.
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Ren M, Zhou C, Li X, Zhang Y, Li M, Song H, Liu F, Chen T, Xu X, Yang S. Mn-Based Artificial Mitochondrial Complex "VI" Acts as an Electron and Free Radical Conversion Factory to Suppress Macrophage Inflammatory Response. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304125. [PMID: 38301194 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Disturbance in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is a key factor in the emerging discovery of immune cell activation in inflammatory diseases, yet specific regulation of ETC homeostasis is extremely challenging. In this paper, a mitochondrial complex biomimetic nanozyme (MCBN), which plays the role of an artificial "VI" complex and acts as an electron and free radical conversion factory to regulate ETC homeostasis is creatively developed. MCBN is composed of bovine serum albumin (BSA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and triphenylphosphine (TPP) hierarchically encapsulating MnO2 polycrystalline particles. It has nanoscale size and biological properties like natural complexes. In vivo and in vitro experiments confirm that MCBN can target the mitochondrial complexes of inflammatory macrophages, absorb excess electrons in ETC, and convert the electrons to decompose H2O2. By reducing the ROS and ATP bursts and converting existing free radicals, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammatory vesicle activation and NF-κB signaling pathway, MCBN effectively suppresses macrophage M1 activation and inflammatory factor secretion. It also demonstrates good inflammation control and significantly alleviates alveolar bone loss in a mouse model of ligation-induced periodontitis. This is the first nanozyme that mimics the mitochondrial complex and regulates ETC, demonstrating the potential application of MCBN in immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Ren
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Chongjing Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Chongqing City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yining Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Haoyue Song
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Fengyi Liu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Tao Chen
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, 401147, China
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Morse PT, Arroum T, Wan J, Pham L, Vaishnav A, Bell J, Pavelich L, Malek MH, Sanderson TH, Edwards BFP, Hüttemann M. Phosphorylations and Acetylations of Cytochrome c Control Mitochondrial Respiration, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential, Energy, ROS, and Apoptosis. Cells 2024; 13:493. [PMID: 38534337 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome c (Cytc) has both life-sustaining and cellular death-related functions, depending on subcellular localization. Within mitochondria, Cytc acts as a single electron carrier as part of the electron transport chain (ETC). When released into the cytosol after cellular insult, Cytc triggers the assembly of the apoptosome, committing the cell to intrinsic apoptosis. Due to these dual natures, Cytc requires strong regulation by the cell, including post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and acetylation. Six phosphorylation sites and three acetylation sites have been detected on Cytc in vivo. Phosphorylations at T28, S47, Y48, T49, T58, and Y97 tend to be present under basal conditions in a tissue-specific manner. In contrast, the acetylations at K8, K39, and K53 tend to be present in specific pathophysiological conditions. All of the phosphorylation sites and two of the three acetylation sites partially inhibit respiration, which we propose serves to maintain an optimal, intermediate mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) to minimize reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Cytc phosphorylations are lost during ischemia, which drives ETC hyperactivity and ΔΨm hyperpolarization, resulting in exponential ROS production thus causing reperfusion injury following ischemia. One of the acetylation sites, K39, shows a unique behavior in that it is gained during ischemia, stimulating respiration while blocking apoptosis, demonstrating that skeletal muscle, which is particularly resilient to ischemia-reperfusion injury compared to other organs, possesses a different metabolic strategy to handle ischemic stress. The regulation of Cytc by these post-translational modifications underscores the importance of Cytc for the ETC, ΔΨm, ROS production, apoptosis, and the cell as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Morse
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Tasnim Arroum
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Junmei Wan
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Lucynda Pham
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Asmita Vaishnav
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jamie Bell
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Lauren Pavelich
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Moh H Malek
- Department of Health Care Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Thomas H Sanderson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Brian F P Edwards
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Maik Hüttemann
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Jung SJ, Sridhara S, Ott M. Early steps in the biogenesis of mitochondrially encoded oxidative phosphorylation subunits. IUBMB Life 2024; 76:125-139. [PMID: 37712772 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The complexes mediating oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in the inner mitochondrial membrane consist of proteins encoded in the nuclear or the mitochondrial DNA. The mitochondrially encoded membrane proteins (mito-MPs) represent the catalytic core of these complexes and follow complicated pathways for biogenesis. Owing to their overall hydrophobicity, mito-MPs are co-translationally inserted into the inner membrane by the Oxa1 insertase. After insertion, OXPHOS biogenesis factors mediate the assembly of mito-MPs into complexes and participate in the regulation of mitochondrial translation, while protein quality control factors recognize and degrade faulty or excess proteins. This review summarizes the current understanding of these early steps occurring during the assembly of mito-MPs by concentrating on results obtained in the model organism baker's yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Jun Jung
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sagar Sridhara
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin Ott
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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5
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Buss LG, Rheinheimer BA, Limesand KH. Radiation-induced changes in energy metabolism result in mitochondrial dysfunction in salivary glands. Sci Rep 2024; 14:845. [PMID: 38191641 PMCID: PMC10774336 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50877-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Salivary glands are indirectly damaged during radiotherapy for head and neck cancer, resulting in acute and chronic hyposalivation. Current treatments for radiation-induced hyposalivation do not permanently restore function to the gland; therefore, more mechanistic understanding of the damage response is needed to identify therapeutic targets for lasting restoration. Energy metabolism reprogramming has been observed in cancer and wound healing models to provide necessary fuel for cell proliferation; however, there is limited understanding of alterations in energy metabolism reprogramming in tissues that fail to heal. We measured extracellular acidification and oxygen consumption rates, assessed mitochondrial DNA copy number, and tested fuel dependency of irradiated primary salivary acinar cells. Radiation treatment leads to increases in glycolytic flux, oxidative phosphorylation, and ATP production rate at acute and intermediate time points. In contrast, at chronic radiation time points there is a significant decrease in glycolytic flux, oxidative phosphorylation, and ATP production rate. Irradiated salivary glands exhibit significant decreases in spare respiratory capacity and increases in mitochondrial DNA copy number at days 5 and 30 post-treatment, suggesting a mitochondrial dysfunction phenotype. These results elucidate kinetic changes in energy metabolism reprogramming of irradiated salivary glands that may underscore the chronic loss of function phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren G Buss
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, 1177 E 4th St, Shantz Building Room 421, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Brenna A Rheinheimer
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, 1177 E 4th St, Shantz Building Room 421, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Kirsten H Limesand
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, 1177 E 4th St, Shantz Building Room 421, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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6
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Zhang S, Geng Y, Wei B, Lu Y, He L, Zhao F, Zhang J, Qin Z, Gong J. A Novel Mitochondrial Targeted Compound Phosundoxin Showing Potent Antifungal Activity against Common Clinical Pathogenic Fungi. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 10:28. [PMID: 38248938 PMCID: PMC10817537 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The current increase in resistance to antifungal drugs indicates that there is an urgent need to explore novel antifungal drugs with different mechanisms of action. Phosundoxin is a biphenyl aliphatic amide using a TPP-targeting strategy which targets mitochondria. To provide insights into the antifungal activities of phosundoxin, the antifungal susceptibility testing of phosundoxin was conducted on 158 pathogenic fungi and compared to that of traditional azole drugs. Phosundoxin displayed a broad-spectrum antifungal activity on all the tested yeast-like and filamentous fungi ranging from 2 to 16 mg/L. In particular, azole-resistant clinical isolates of Candida albicans were susceptible to phosundoxin with the same MICs as azole-susceptible C. albicans. Transcriptome analysis on azole-resistant C. albicans identified 554 DEGs after treatment with phosundoxin. By integrating GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, the antifungal activity of phosundoxin was related to impairment of mitochondrial respiratory chain function. Acute oral and percutaneous toxicity of phosundoxin to rats showed that the compound phosundoxin were mild toxicity and LD50 was above 5000 mg/kg body weight in rats. This study demonstrated the potential of phosundoxin as an antifungal agent for the treatment of common fungal infection and contributed to providing insights into the mechanisms of action of phosundoxin against C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (S.Z.)
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Joint Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yuanyuan Geng
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (S.Z.)
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Joint Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Bin Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (S.Z.)
| | - Yangzhen Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (S.Z.)
| | - Lihua He
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (S.Z.)
| | - Fei Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (S.Z.)
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (S.Z.)
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Joint Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhaohai Qin
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (S.Z.)
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Joint Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
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7
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Buss LG, Rheinheimer BA, Limesand KH. Radiation-Induced Changes in Energy Metabolism Result in Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Salivary Glands. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.27.568879. [PMID: 38077038 PMCID: PMC10705263 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.27.568879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Salivary glands are indirectly damaged during radiotherapy for head and neck cancer, resulting in acute and chronic hyposalivation. Current treatments for radiation-induced hyposalivation do not permanently restore function to the gland; therefore, more mechanistic understanding of the damage response is needed to identify therapeutic targets for lasting restoration. Energy metabolism reprogramming has been observed in cancer and wound healing models to provide necessary fuel for cell proliferation; however, there is limited understanding of alterations in energy metabolism reprogramming in tissues that fail to heal. We measured extracellular acidification and oxygen consumption rates, assessed mitochondrial DNA copy number, and tested fuel dependency of irradiated primary salivary acinar cells. Radiation treatment leads to increases in glycolytic flux, oxidative phosphorylation, and ATP production rate at acute and intermediate time points. In contrast, at chronic radiation time points there is a significant decrease in glycolytic flux, oxidative phosphorylation, and ATP production rate. Irradiated salivary glands exhibit significant decreases in spare respiratory capacity and increases in mitochondrial DNA copy number at days 5 and 30 post-treatment, suggesting a mitochondrial dysfunction phenotype. These results elucidate kinetic changes in energy metabolism reprogramming of irradiated salivary glands that may underscore the chronic loss of function phenotype.
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8
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Scrima R, Cela O, Rosiello M, Nabi AQ, Piccoli C, Capitanio G, Tucci FA, Leone A, Quarato G, Capitanio N. Mitochondrial sAC-cAMP-PKA Axis Modulates the ΔΨ m-Dependent Control Coefficients of the Respiratory Chain Complexes: Evidence of Respirasome Plasticity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15144. [PMID: 37894823 PMCID: PMC10607245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The current view of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I, III and IV foresees the occurrence of their assembly in supercomplexes, providing additional functional properties when compared with randomly colliding isolated complexes. According to the plasticity model, the two structural states of the respiratory chain may interconvert, influenced by the intracellular prevailing conditions. In previous studies, we suggested the mitochondrial membrane potential as a factor for controlling their dynamic balance. Here, we investigated if and how the cAMP/PKA-mediated signalling influences the aggregation state of the respiratory complexes. An analysis of the inhibitory titration profiles of the endogenous oxygen consumption rates in intact HepG2 cells with specific inhibitors of the respiratory complexes was performed to quantify, in the framework of the metabolic flux theory, the corresponding control coefficients. The attained results, pharmacologically inhibiting either PKA or sAC, indicated that the reversible phosphorylation of the respiratory chain complexes/supercomplexes influenced their assembly state in response to the membrane potential. This conclusion was supported by the scrutiny of the available structure of the CI/CIII2/CIV respirasome, enabling us to map several PKA-targeted serine residues exposed to the matrix side of the complexes I, III and IV at the contact interfaces of the three complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosella Scrima
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (O.C.); (M.R.); (A.Q.N.); (C.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Olga Cela
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (O.C.); (M.R.); (A.Q.N.); (C.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Michela Rosiello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (O.C.); (M.R.); (A.Q.N.); (C.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Ari Qadir Nabi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (O.C.); (M.R.); (A.Q.N.); (C.P.); (A.L.)
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Claudia Piccoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (O.C.); (M.R.); (A.Q.N.); (C.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Giuseppe Capitanio
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Francesco Antonio Tucci
- European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20141 Milan, Italy;
| | - Aldo Leone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (O.C.); (M.R.); (A.Q.N.); (C.P.); (A.L.)
| | | | - Nazzareno Capitanio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (O.C.); (M.R.); (A.Q.N.); (C.P.); (A.L.)
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9
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Dumont R, Dowdell J, Song J, Li J, Wang S, Kang W, Li B. Control of charge transport in electronically active systems towards integrated biomolecular circuits (IbC). J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8302-8314. [PMID: 37464922 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00701d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The miniaturization of traditional silicon-based electronics will soon reach its limitation as quantum tunneling and heat become serious problems at the several-nanometer scale. Crafting integrated circuits via self-assembly of electronically active molecules using a "bottom-up" paradigm provides a potential solution to these technological challenges. In particular, integrated biomolecular circuits (IbC) offer promising advantages to achieve this goal, as nature offers countless examples of functionalities entailed by self-assembly and examples of controlling charge transport at the molecular level within the self-assembled structures. To this end, the review summarizes the progress in understanding how charge transport is regulated in biosystems and the key redox-active amino acids that enable the charge transport. In addition, charge transport mechanisms at different length scales are also reviewed, offering key insights for controlling charge transport in IbC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Dumont
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA, USA.
| | - Juwaan Dowdell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA, USA.
| | - Jisoo Song
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA, USA.
| | - Jiani Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Centre for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
| | - Suwan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Centre for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
| | - Wei Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Centre for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA, USA.
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10
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Holmes JB, Lemieux ME, Stelzer JE. Torsional and strain dysfunction precede overt heart failure in a mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy pathogenesis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H449-H467. [PMID: 37417875 PMCID: PMC10538988 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00130.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Detailed assessments of whole heart mechanics are crucial for understanding the consequences of sarcomere perturbations that lead to cardiomyopathy in mice. Echocardiography offers an accessible and cost-effective method of obtaining metrics of cardiac function, but the most routine imaging and analysis protocols might not identify subtle mechanical deficiencies. This study aims to use advanced echocardiography imaging and analysis techniques to identify previously unappreciated mechanical deficiencies in a mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) before the onset of overt systolic heart failure (HF). Mice lacking muscle LIM protein expression (MLP-/-) were used to model DCM-linked HF pathogenesis. Left ventricular (LV) function of MLP-/- and wild-type (WT) controls were studied at 3, 6, and 10 wk of age using conventional and four-dimensional (4-D) echocardiography, followed by speckle-tracking analysis to assess torsional and strain mechanics. Mice were also studied with RNA-seq. Although 3-wk-old MLP-/- mice showed normal LV ejection fraction (LVEF), these mice displayed abnormal torsional and strain mechanics alongside reduced β-adrenergic reserve. Transcriptome analysis showed that these defects preceded most molecular markers of HF. However, these markers became upregulated as MLP-/- mice aged and developed overt systolic dysfunction. These findings indicate that subtle deficiencies in LV mechanics, undetected by LVEF and conventional molecular markers, may act as pathogenic stimuli in DCM-linked HF. Using these analyses in future studies will further help connect in vitro measurements of the sarcomere function to whole heart function.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A detailed study of how perturbations to sarcomere proteins impact whole heart mechanics in mouse models is a major yet challenging step in furthering our understanding of cardiovascular pathophysiology. This study uses advanced echocardiographic imaging and analysis techniques to reveal previously unappreciated subclinical whole heart mechanical defects in a mouse model of cardiomyopathy. In doing so, it offers an accessible set of measurements for future studies to use when connecting sarcomere and whole heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua B Holmes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | | | - Julian E Stelzer
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
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Ma J, Pan Z, Du H, Chen X, Zhu X, Hao W, Zheng Q, Tang X. Luteolin induces apoptosis by impairing mitochondrial function and targeting the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in gastric cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:327. [PMID: 37415631 PMCID: PMC10320424 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Research has focused on exploring natural medicines to improve the systematic chemotherapy for gastric cancer. Luteolin, a natural flavonoid, possesses anticancer activities. Nevertheless, the mechanism of the anticancer effects of luteolin is still not clear. The present study aimed to verify the inhibitory effect of luteolin on gastric cancer HGC-27, MFC and MKN-45 cells and to explore the underlying mechanism. A Cell Counting Kit-8 cell viability assay, flow cytometry, western blot, an ATP content assay and an enzyme activity testing assay were used. Luteolin inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer HGC-27, MFC and MKN-45 cells. Further, it impaired mitochondrial integrity and function by destroying the mitochondrial membrane potential, downregulating the activities of mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes (mainly complexes I, III and V), and unbalancing the expression of B cell lymphoma-2 family member proteins, eventually leading to apoptosis of gastric cancer HGC-27, MFC and MKN-45 cells. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway was involved in luteolin's anti-gastric cancer effects. Furthermore, mitochondria were the main target in luteolin-induced gastric cancer apoptosis. The present study may provide a theoretical basis for the research on the effect of luteolin on the mitochondrial metabolism in cancer cells, and pave the way for its practical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohai Pan
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Hongchao Du
- Department of General Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Affiliated Yantai Yeda Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 265599, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Chen
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Xuejie Zhu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Wenjin Hao
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P.R. China
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832099, P.R. China
| | - Xuexi Tang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
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12
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van Eeden C, Redmond D, Mohazab N, Larché MJ, Mason AL, Cohen Tervaert JW, Osman MS. Evidence of a Novel Mitochondrial Signature in Systemic Sclerosis Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12057. [PMID: 37569433 PMCID: PMC10418481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Symptoms of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) are common in rheumatic diseases, but no studies report the frequency of these in early systemic sclerosis. There are no known biomarkers that can distinguish between patients with ME/CFS, although mitochondrial abnormalities are often demonstrated. We sought to assess the prevalence of ME/CFS in limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc) patients early in their disease (<5 years from the onset of non-Raynaud's symptoms) and to determine if alterations in mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) transcripts and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) integrity could be used to distinguish between fatigued and non-fatigued patients. All SSc patients met ACR/EULAR classification criteria. ME/CFS-related symptoms were assessed through validated questionnaires, and the expression of ETC transcripts and mtDNA integrity were quantified via qPCR. SSc patients with ME/CFS could be distinguished from non-fatigued patients through ETC gene analysis; specifically, reduced expression of ND4 and CyB and increased expression of Cox7C. ND4 and CyB expression correlated with indicators of disease severity. Further prospective and functional studies are needed to determine if this altered signature can be further utilized to better identify ME/CFS in SSc patients, and whether ME/CFS in early SSc disease could predict more severe disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charmaine van Eeden
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Desiree Redmond
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Naima Mohazab
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Maggie J. Larché
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Andrew L. Mason
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Jan Willem Cohen Tervaert
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Mohammed S. Osman
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada
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13
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Vassall M, Chakraborty S, Feng Y, Faheem M, Wang X, Bhandari RK. Transcriptional Alterations Induced by Delta-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol in the Brain and Gonads of Adult Medaka. J Xenobiot 2023; 13:237-251. [PMID: 37367494 DOI: 10.3390/jox13020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
With the legalization of marijuana smoking in several states of the United States and many other countries for medicinal and recreational use, the possibility of its release into the environment cannot be overruled. Currently, the environmental levels of marijuana metabolites are not monitored on a regular basis, and their stability in the environment is not well understood. Laboratory studies have linked delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) exposure with behavioral abnormalities in some fish species; however, their effects on endocrine organs are less understood. To understand the effects of THC on the brain and gonads, we exposed adult medaka (Oryzias latipes, Hd-rR strain, both male and female) to 50 ug/L THC for 21 days spanning their complete spermatogenic and oogenic cycles. We examined transcriptional responses of the brain and gonads (testis and ovary) to Δ9-THC, particularly molecular pathways associated with behavioral and reproductive functions. The Δ9-THC effects were more profound in males than females. The Δ9-THC-induced differential expression pattern of genes in the brain of the male fish suggested pathways to neurodegenerative diseases and pathways to reproductive impairment in the testis. The present results provide insights into endocrine disruption in aquatic organisms due to environmental cannabinoid compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlee Vassall
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Sourav Chakraborty
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Yashi Feng
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Mehwish Faheem
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Xuegeng Wang
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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14
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Liang C, Jiang Q, Liu Z, Yang J, Zhang J, Zhang S, Xin W. Effect of Sublethal Concentrations of Metal Nanomaterials on Cell Energy Metabolism. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11050453. [PMID: 37235267 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Metallic nanomaterials (MNMs) are widely used in the medical field because of their photocatalytic, optical, electrical, electronic, antibacterial, and bactericidal properties. Despite the advantages of MNMs, there is a lack of complete understanding of their toxicological behavior and their interactions with cellular mechanisms that determine cell fate. Most of the existing studies are acute toxicity studies with high doses, which is not conducive to understanding the toxic effects and mechanisms of homeostasis-dependent organelles, such as mitochondria, which are involved in many cellular functions. In this study, four types of MNMs were used to investigate the effects of metallic nanomaterials on mitochondrial function and structure. We first characterized the four MNMs and selected the appropriate sublethal concentration for application in cells. Mitochondrial characterization, energy metabolism, mitochondrial damage, mitochondrial complex activity, and expression levels were evaluated using various biological methods. The results showed that the four types of MNMs greatly inhibited mitochondrial function and cell energy metabolism and that the material entering the mitochondria damaged the mitochondrial structure. Additionally, the complex activity of mitochondrial electron transport chains is critical for assessing the mitochondrial toxicity of MNMs, which may serve as an early warning of MNM-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoshuai Liang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Qiuyao Jiang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Shuping Zhang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Wei Xin
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China
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15
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Guo S, Dong Y, Cheng X, Chen Z, Ni Y, Zhao R, Ma W. Chronic Psychological Stress Disrupts Iron Metabolism and Enhances Hepatic Mitochondrial Function in Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1761-1771. [PMID: 35590120 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03269-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To explore the changes in iron metabolism and mitochondrial function exposed to chronic psychological stress, seventy-five male mice aged 5 ~ 6 weeks were randomly sorted into 2 groups: control group and chronic psychological stress group. Mice were conducted by communication box to induce psychological stress for 21 consecutive days. The results showed that chronic psychological stress led to a significant reduction in average daily gain (P < 0.01) and the final weight (P < 0.05). Chronic psychological stress greatly increased plasma and duodenal iron level (P < 0.05), whereas markedly decreased hepatic iron content in mice (P < 0.05). Increasing expression of duodenal DCYTB and FPN (P < 0.05) was observed in mice exposed to chronic psychological stress. Moreover, chronic psychological stress greatly enhanced hepatic TFR1, FTL, and FPN protein expression (P < 0.05) in mice. Additionally, chronic psychological stress enhanced the levels of hepatic NADH, NAD + , ATP, mtDNA content, mtDNA-encoded genes, and the activity of mitochondrial complex I and II (P < 0.05). Taken together, chronic psychological stress impairs growth, disrupts iron metabolism, and enhances hepatic mitochondrial function in mice. These results will provide new insights for understanding the mechanisms of iron metabolism and mitochondrial function during chronic psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, NO.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Dong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, NO.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxian Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, NO.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, NO.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingdong Ni
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, NO.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, NO.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, NO.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China.
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Zhang X, Wang L, Li B, Shi J, Xu J, Yuan M. Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Expanding the Therapeutic Approaches by Plant-Derived Natural Products. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:277. [PMID: 37259422 PMCID: PMC9961467 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the primary source of energy production in neurons, supporting the high energy consumption of the nervous system. Inefficient and dysfunctional mitochondria in the central nervous system have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, targeting mitochondria offers a new therapeutic opportunity for neurodegenerative diseases. Many recent studies have proposed that plant-derived natural products, as pleiotropic, safe, and readily obtainable sources of new drugs, potentially treat neurodegenerative diseases by targeting mitochondria. In this review, we summarize recent advances in targeting mitochondria in neurotherapeutics by employing plant-derived natural products. We discuss the mechanism of plant-derived natural products according to their mechanism of action on mitochondria in terms of regulating biogenesis, fusion, fission, bioenergetics, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, membrane potential, and mitochondrial DNA stability, as well as repairing damaged mitochondria. In addition, we discuss the potential perspectives and challenges in developing plant-derived natural products to target mitochondria, highlighting the clinical value of phytochemicals as feasible candidates for future neurotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Longqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiayan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jia Xu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Minlan Yuan
- Mental Health Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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17
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Kermeur N, Pédrot M, Cabello-Hurtado F. Iron Availability and Homeostasis in Plants: A Review of Responses, Adaptive Mechanisms, and Signaling. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2642:49-81. [PMID: 36944872 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3044-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for all living organisms, playing a major role in plant biochemistry as a redox catalyst based on iron redox properties. Iron is the fourth most abundant element of the Earth's crust, but its uptake by plants is complex because it is often in insoluble forms that are not easily accessible for plants to use. The physical and chemical speciation of iron, as well as rhizosphere activity, are key factors controlling the bioavailability of Fe. Iron can be under reduced (Fe2+) or oxidized (Fe3+) ionic forms, adsorbed onto mineral surfaces, forming complexes with organic molecules, precipitated to form poorly crystalline hydroxides to highly crystalline iron oxides, or included in crystalline Fe-rich mineral phases. Plants must thus adapt to a complex and changing iron environment, and their response is finely regulated by multiple signaling pathways initiated by a diversity of stimulus perceptions. Higher plants possess two separate strategies to uptake iron from rhizosphere soil: the chelation strategy and the reduction strategy in grass and non-grass plants, respectively. Molecular actors involved in iron uptake and mobilization through the plant have been characterized for both strategies. All these processes that contribute to iron homeostasis in plants are highly regulated in response to iron availability by downstream signaling responses, some of which are characteristic signaling signatures of iron dynamics, while others are shared with other environmental stimuli. Recent research has thus revealed key transcription factors, cis-acting elements, post-translational regulators, and other molecular mechanisms controlling these genes or their encoded proteins in response to iron availability. In addition, the most recent research is increasingly highlighting the crosstalk between iron homeostasis and nutrient response regulation. These regulatory processes help to avoid plant iron concentrations building up to potential cell functioning disruptions that could adversely affect plant fitness. Indeed, when iron is in excess in the plant, it can lead to the production and accumulation of dangerous reactive oxygen species and free radicals (H2O2, HO•, O2•-, HO•2) that can cause considerable damages to most cellular components. To cope with iron oxidative stress, plants have developed defense systems involving the complementary action of antioxidant enzymes and molecular antioxidants, safe iron-storage mechanisms, and appropriate morphological adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolenn Kermeur
- University of Rennes, CNRS, Ecobio, UMR 6553, Rennes, France
- University of Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, Rennes, France
| | - Mathieu Pédrot
- University of Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, Rennes, France
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18
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Nie H, Ji T, Fu Y, Chen D, Tang Z, Zhang C. Molecular mechanisms and promising role of dihydromyricetin in cardiovascular diseases. Physiol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vine tea, a Chinese herbal medicine, is widely used in traditional Asian medicine to treat common health problems. Dihydromyricetin (DMY) is the main functional flavonoid compound extracted from vine tea. In recent years, preclinical studies have focused on the potential beneficial effects of dihydromyricetin, including glucose metabolism regulation, lipid metabolism regulation, neuroprotection, and anti-tumor effects. In addition, DMY may play a role in cardiovascular disease by resisting oxidative stress and participating in the regulation of inflammation. This review is the first review that summaries the applications of dihydromyricetin in cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial hypertrophy, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. We also clarified the underlying mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the above process. The aim of this review is to provide a better understanding and quick overview for future researches of dihydromyricetin in the field of cardiovascular diseases, and more detailed and robust researches are needed for evaluation and reference.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - C Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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19
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Myostatin Knockout Affects Mitochondrial Function by Inhibiting the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α Pathway in Skeletal Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213703. [PMID: 36430183 PMCID: PMC9694677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Myostatin (Mstn) is a major negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass and initiates multiple metabolic changes. The deletion of the Mstn gene in mice leads to reduced mitochondrial functions. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to generate myostatin-knockout (Mstn-KO) mice via pronuclear microinjection. Mstn-KO mice exhibited significantly larger skeletal muscles. Meanwhile, Mstn knockout regulated the organ weights of mice. Moreover, we found that Mstn knockout reduced the basal metabolic rate, muscle adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, activities of mitochondrial respiration chain complexes, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle, and thermogenesis. Mechanistically, expressions of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (pAMPK) were down-regulated, while peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) acetylation modification increased in the Mstn-KO mice. Skeletal muscle cells from Mstn-KO and WT were treated with AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR), and the AMPK inhibitor Compound C, respectively. Compared with the wild-type (WT) group, Compound C treatment further down-regulated the expression or activity of pAMPK, SIRT1, citrate synthase (CS), isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDHm), and α-ketoglutarate acid dehydrogenase (α-KGDH) in Mstn-KO mice, while Mstn knockout inhibited the AICAR activation effect. Therefore, Mstn knockout affects mitochondrial function by inhibiting the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α signaling pathway. The present study reveals a new mechanism for Mstn knockout in regulating energy homeostasis.
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20
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Yin Y, Shen H. Common methods in mitochondrial research (Review). Int J Mol Med 2022; 50:126. [PMID: 36004457 PMCID: PMC9448300 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Yin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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21
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Sharma N, Osman C. Yme2, a putative RNA recognition motif and AAA+ domain containing protein, genetically interacts with the mitochondrial protein export machinery. Biol Chem 2022; 403:807-817. [PMID: 35100666 PMCID: PMC9284673 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial respiratory chain is composed of nuclear as well as mitochondrial-encoded subunits. A variety of factors mediate co-translational integration of mtDNA-encoded proteins into the inner membrane. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Mdm38 and Mba1 are ribosome acceptors that recruit the mitochondrial ribosome to the inner membrane, where the insertase Oxa1, facilitates membrane integration of client proteins. The protein Yme2 has previously been shown to be localized in the inner mitochondrial membrane and has been implicated in mitochondrial protein biogenesis, but its mode of action remains unclear. Here, we show that multiple copies of Yme2 assemble into a high molecular weight complex. Using a combination of bioinformatics and mutational analyses, we find that Yme2 possesses an RNA recognition motif (RRM), which faces the mitochondrial matrix and a AAA+ domain that is located in the intermembrane space. We further show that YME2 genetically interacts with MDM38, MBA1 and OXA1, which links the function of Yme2 to the mitochondrial protein biogenesis machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nupur Sharma
- Faculty of Biology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, D-82152Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, D-82152Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christof Osman
- Faculty of Biology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, D-82152Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, D-82152Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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22
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Cardiac disruption of SDHAF4-mediated mitochondrial complex II assembly promotes dilated cardiomyopathy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3947. [PMID: 35803927 PMCID: PMC9270418 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31548-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Succinate dehydrogenase, which is known as mitochondrial complex II, has proven to be a fascinating machinery, attracting renewed and increased interest in its involvement in human diseases. Herein, we find that succinate dehydrogenase assembly factor 4 (SDHAF4) is downregulated in cardiac muscle in response to pathological stresses and in diseased hearts from human patients. Cardiac loss of Sdhaf4 suppresses complex II assembly and results in subunit degradation and complex II deficiency in fetal mice. These defects are exacerbated in young adults with globally impaired metabolic capacity and activation of dynamin-related protein 1, which induces excess mitochondrial fission and mitophagy, thereby causing progressive dilated cardiomyopathy and lethal heart failure in animals. Targeting mitochondria via supplementation with fumarate or inhibiting mitochondrial fission improves mitochondrial dynamics, partially restores cardiac function and prolongs the lifespan of mutant mice. Moreover, the addition of fumarate is found to dramatically improve cardiac function in myocardial infarction mice. These findings reveal a vital role for complex II assembly in the development of dilated cardiomyopathy and provide additional insights into therapeutic interventions for heart diseases. Functional succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) complex is vital to mitochondrial homeostasis. Here the authors show that disruption of SDH assembly in the heart causes dilated cardiomyopathy via impairing the mitochondrial integrity and metabolism and that mitochondrial interventions can be an effective approach to ameliorate the disease progression.
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23
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Equisetin is an anti-obesity candidate through targeting 11 β-HSD1. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:2358-2373. [PMID: 35646525 PMCID: PMC9136616 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is increasingly prevalent globally, searching for therapeutic agents acting on adipose tissue is of great importance. Equisetin (EQST), a meroterpenoid isolated from a marine sponge-derived fungus, has been reported to display antibacterial and antiviral activities. Here, we revealed that EQST displayed anti-obesity effects acting on adipose tissue through inhibiting adipogenesis in vitro and attenuating HFD-induced obesity in mice, doing so without affecting food intake, blood pressure or heart rate. We demonstrated that EQST inhibited the enzyme activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), a therapeutic target of obesity in adipose tissue. Anti-obesity properties of EQST were all offset by applying excessive 11β-HSD1's substrates and 11β-HSD1 inhibition through knockdown in vitro or 11β-HSD1 knockout in vivo. In the 11β-HSD1 bypass model constructed by adding excess 11β-HSD1 products, EQST's anti-obesity effects disappeared. Furthermore, EQST directly bond to 11β-HSD1 protein and presented remarkable better intensity on 11β-HSD1 inhibition and better efficacy on anti-obesity than known 11β-HSD1 inhibitor. Therefore, EQST can be developed into anti-obesity candidate compound, and this study may provide more clues for developing higher effective 11β-HSD1 inhibitors.
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24
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Therapeutic Targets for Regulating Oxidative Damage Induced by Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: A Study from a Pharmacological Perspective. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8624318. [PMID: 35450409 PMCID: PMC9017553 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8624318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury is damage caused by restoring blood flow into ischemic tissues or organs. This complex and characteristic lesion accelerates cell death induced by signaling pathways such as apoptosis, necrosis, and even ferroptosis. In addition to the direct association between I-R and the release of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, it is involved in developing mitochondrial oxidative damage. Thus, its mechanism plays a critical role via reactive species scavenging, calcium overload modulation, electron transport chain blocking, mitochondrial permeability transition pore activation, or noncoding RNA transcription. Other receptors and molecules reduce tissue and organ damage caused by this pathology and other related diseases. These molecular targets have been gradually discovered and have essential roles in I-R resolution. Therefore, the current study is aimed at highlighting the importance of these discoveries. In this review, we inquire about the oxidative damage receptors that are relevant to reducing the damage induced by oxidative stress associated with I-R. Several complications on surgical techniques and pathology interventions do not mitigate the damage caused by I-R. Nevertheless, these therapies developed using alternative targets could work as coadjuvants in tissue transplants or I-R-related pathologies
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25
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Energy metabolism as the target of 3-phenyllactic acid against Rhizopus oryzae. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 369:109606. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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26
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Dotsu Y, Muraoka D, Ogo N, Sonoda Y, Yasui K, Yamaguchi H, Yagita H, Mukae H, Asai A, Ikeda H. Chemical augmentation of mitochondrial electron transport chains tunes T cell activation threshold in tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-003958. [PMID: 35115364 PMCID: PMC8814813 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer immunotherapy shows insufficient efficacy for low immunogenic tumors. Furthermore, tumors often downregulate antigen and major histocompatibility complex expression to escape recognition by T cells, resulting in insufficient T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation in the tumor microenvironment. Thus, augmenting TCR-mediated recognition of tumor antigens is a useful strategy to improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. METHODS We screened 310 small molecules from our library and identified PQDN, a small molecule that activates CD8 T cells after TCR engagement, even when antigen stimulation is too weak for their activation. We used inhibitors of mitochondrial functions and Seahorse Flux Analyzer to investigate the mechanism underlying the effect of PQDN on T cells. Effect of PQDN on tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells was examined using flow cytometry and TCR repertoire analysis. RESULTS PQDN increased mitochondrial reciprocal capacity through enhancement of electron transport chains (ETCs) and facilitated glycolysis via mTOR/AKT signaling, resulting in augmented CD8 T cell activation, even when antigen stimulation is extremely weak. Intratumoral administration of this compound into tumor-bearing mice tunes inactivated T cell with tumor antigen recognition potent and expanded functional T cell receptor diversity of tumor-infiltrating T cells, augmenting antitumor immune responses and retarding tumor growth. Furthermore, PQDN has a synergistic potent with T cell dependent immunotherapy, such as checkpoint inhibitory therapy or adoptive cell therapy, even in a low immunogenic tumor. We also demonstrated that this compound enhances the activation of human CD8 T cells. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that tuning the T cell activation threshold by chemical activation of mitochondrial ETC is a new strategy for improving therapeutic efficacy through the activation of low-avidity tumor-specific T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Dotsu
- Department of Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Daisuk Muraoka
- Department of Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan .,Division of Translational Oncoimmunology, Aichi Cancer Research Institute, Naogya, Japan
| | - Naohisa Ogo
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yudai Sonoda
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yasui
- Department of Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mukae
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Akira Asai
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ikeda
- Department of Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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27
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Vercellino I, Sazanov LA. The assembly, regulation and function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:141-161. [PMID: 34621061 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-021-00415-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 134.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system is central to cellular metabolism. It comprises five enzymatic complexes and two mobile electron carriers that work in a mitochondrial respiratory chain. By coupling the oxidation of reducing equivalents coming into mitochondria to the generation and subsequent dissipation of a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, this electron transport chain drives the production of ATP, which is then used as a primary energy carrier in virtually all cellular processes. Minimal perturbations of the respiratory chain activity are linked to diseases; therefore, it is necessary to understand how these complexes are assembled and regulated and how they function. In this Review, we outline the latest assembly models for each individual complex, and we also highlight the recent discoveries indicating that the formation of larger assemblies, known as respiratory supercomplexes, originates from the association of the intermediates of individual complexes. We then discuss how recent cryo-electron microscopy structures have been key to answering open questions on the function of the electron transport chain in mitochondrial respiration and how supercomplexes and other factors, including metabolites, can regulate the activity of the single complexes. When relevant, we discuss how these mechanisms contribute to physiology and outline their deregulation in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Vercellino
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Leonid A Sazanov
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria.
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28
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Hu Z, Guan Y, Hu W, Xu Z, Ishfaq M. An overview of pharmacological activities of baicalin and its aglycone baicalein: New insights into molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:14-26. [PMID: 35656442 PMCID: PMC9118284 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.60380.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The flavonoids, baicalin, and its aglycone baicalein possess multi-fold therapeutic properties and are mainly found in the roots of Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. These flavonoids have been reported to possess various pharmacological properties, including antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, anticonvulsant, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects. The pharmacological properties of baicalin and baicalein are due to their abilities to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and interaction with various signaling molecules associated with apoptosis, inflammation, autophagy, cell cycle, mitochondrial dynamics, and cytoprotection. In this review, we summarized the molecular mechanisms underlying the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic applications of baicalin and baicalein in the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases. In addition, the preventive effects of baicalin and baicalein on mitochondrial dynamics and functions were highlighted with a particular emphasis on their anti-oxidative and cytoprotective properties. The current review highlights could be useful for future prospective studies to further improve the pharmacological applications of baicalein and baicalin. These studies should define the threshold for optimal drug exposure, dose optimization and focus on therapeutic drug monitoring, objective disease markers, and baicalin/baicalein drug levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Hu
- College of Computer Science, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Yurong Guan
- College of Computer Science, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Wanying Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Xu
- Hubei Zhiying Medical Imaging Center, Radiology Department of Huanggang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Muhammad Ishfaq
- College of Computer Science, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
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29
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Schäfer JA, Bozkurt S, Michaelis JB, Klann K, Münch C. Global mitochondrial protein import proteomics reveal distinct regulation by translation and translocation machinery. Mol Cell 2021; 82:435-446.e7. [PMID: 34847359 PMCID: PMC8791276 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Most mitochondrial proteins are translated in the cytosol and imported into mitochondria. Mutations in the mitochondrial protein import machinery cause human pathologies. However, a lack of suitable tools to measure protein uptake across the mitochondrial proteome has prevented the identification of specific proteins affected by import perturbation. Here, we introduce mePRODmt, a pulsed-SILAC based proteomics approach that includes a booster signal to increase the sensitivity for mitochondrial proteins selectively, enabling global dynamic analysis of endogenous mitochondrial protein uptake in cells. We applied mePRODmt to determine protein uptake kinetics and examined how inhibitors of mitochondrial import machineries affect protein uptake. Monitoring changes in translation and uptake upon mitochondrial membrane depolarization revealed that protein uptake was extensively modulated by the import and translation machineries via activation of the integrated stress response. Strikingly, uptake changes were not uniform, with subsets of proteins being unaffected or decreased due to changes in translation or import capacity. Proteomics approach to quantify protein uptake into mitochondria Determination of protein uptake rates for >700 mitochondrial proteins Characterization of differential protein uptake changes during mitochondrial stress Protein translation and translocation integrate to change protein uptake
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Adriana Schäfer
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 75, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Süleyman Bozkurt
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 75, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jonas Benjamin Michaelis
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 75, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kevin Klann
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 75, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christian Münch
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 75, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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30
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Victor AK, Donaldson M, Johnson D, Miller W, Reiter LT. Molecular Changes in Prader-Willi Syndrome Neurons Reveals Clues About Increased Autism Susceptibility. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:747855. [PMID: 34776864 PMCID: PMC8586424 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.747855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hormonal dysregulation, obesity, intellectual disability, and behavioral problems. Most PWS cases are caused by paternal interstitial deletions of 15q11.2-q13.1, while a smaller number of cases are caused by chromosome 15 maternal uniparental disomy (PW-UPD). Children with PW-UPD are at higher risk for developing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) than the neurotypical population. In this study, we used expression analysis of PW-UPD neurons to try to identify the molecular cause for increased autism risk. Methods: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) from neurotypical control and PWS subjects were differentiated to neurons for mRNA sequencing. Significantly differentially expressed transcripts among all groups were identified. Downstream protein analysis including immunocytochemistry and immunoblots were performed to confirm the transcript level data and pathway enrichment findings. Results: We identified 9 transcripts outside of the PWS critical region (15q11.2-q13.1) that may contribute to core PWS phenotypes. Moreover, we discovered a global reduction in mitochondrial transcripts in the PW-UPD + ASD group. We also found decreased mitochondrial abundance along with mitochondrial aggregates in the cell body and neural projections of +ASD neurons. Conclusion: The 9 transcripts we identified common to all PWS subtypes may reveal PWS specific defects during neurodevelopment. Importantly, we found a global reduction in mitochondrial transcripts in PW-UPD + ASD neurons versus control and other PWS subtypes. We then confirmed mitochondrial defects in neurons from individuals with PWS at the cellular level. Quantification of this phenotype supports our hypothesis that the increased incidence of ASD in PW-UPD subjects may arise from mitochondrial defects in developing neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kaitlyn Victor
- IPBS Program, Neuroscience Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Martin Donaldson
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Daniel Johnson
- Molecular Bioinformatics Core, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Winston Miller
- Molecular Bioinformatics Core, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Lawrence T Reiter
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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31
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Buss LA, Hock B, Merry TL, Ang AD, Robinson BA, Currie MJ, Dachs GU. Effect of immune modulation on the skeletal muscle mitochondrial exercise response: An exploratory study in mice with cancer. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258831. [PMID: 34665826 PMCID: PMC8525738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer causes mitochondrial alterations in skeletal muscle, which may progress to muscle wasting and, ultimately, to cancer cachexia. Understanding how exercise adaptations are altered by cancer and cancer treatment is important for the effective design of exercise interventions aimed at improving cancer outcomes. We conducted an exploratory study to investigate how tumor burden and cancer immunotherapy treatment (anti-PD-1) modify the skeletal muscle mitochondrial response to exercise training in mice with transplantable tumors (B16-F10 melanoma and EO771 breast cancer). Mice remained sedentary or were provided with running wheels for ~19 days immediately following tumor implant while receiving no treatment (Untreated), isotype control antibody (IgG2a) or anti-PD-1. Exercise and anti-PD-1 did not alter the growth rate of either tumor type, either alone or in combination therapy. Untreated mice with B16-F10 tumors showed increases in most measured markers of skeletal muscle mitochondrial content following exercise training, as did anti-PD-1-treated mice, suggesting increased mitochondrial content following exercise training in these groups. However, mice with B16-F10 tumors receiving the isotype control antibody did not exhibit increased skeletal muscle mitochondrial content following exercise. In untreated mice with EO771 tumors, only citrate synthase activity and complex IV activity were increased following exercise. In contrast, IgG2a and anti-PD-1-treated groups both showed robust increases in most measured markers following exercise. These results indicate that in mice with B16-F10 tumors, IgG2a administration prevents exercise adaptation of skeletal muscle mitochondria, but adaptation remains intact in mice receiving anti-PD-1. In mice with EO771 tumors, both IgG2a and anti-PD-1-treated mice show robust skeletal muscle mitochondrial exercise responses, while untreated mice do not. Taken together, we postulate that immune modulation may enhance skeletal muscle mitochondrial response to exercise in tumor-bearing mice, and suggest this as an exciting new avenue for future research in exercise oncology.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Citrate (si)-Synthase/metabolism
- Electron Transport Complex IV/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Immunoglobulin G/administration & dosage
- Immunoglobulin G/pharmacology
- Immunotherapy
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Mitochondria, Muscle/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Physical Conditioning, Animal/methods
- Random Allocation
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda A. Buss
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - Barry Hock
- Hematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Troy L. Merry
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Abel D. Ang
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Bridget A. Robinson
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Canterbury Regional Cancer and Hematology Service, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Margaret J. Currie
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Gabi U. Dachs
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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32
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Wang ST, Ning HQ, Feng LH, Wang YY, Li YQ, Mo HZ. Oxidative phosphorylation system as the target of glycinin basic peptide against Aspergillus niger. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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33
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Proteomic Analysis of Liver from Finishing Beef Cattle Supplemented with a Rumen-Protected B-Vitamin Blend and Hydroxy Trace Minerals. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11071934. [PMID: 34209530 PMCID: PMC8300412 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Greater metabolic needs in high-producing beef cattle might lead to mineral and vitamin deficiency. Previous studies have shown the benefits of B-vitamin and trace mineral supplementation in animal performance of ruminants; however, little is known about the effects of supplementing finishing beef cattle with rumen-protected forms on the liver metabolism. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determinate the impact of rumen-protected B-vitamin blend and hydroxy trace mineral supplementation on the hepatic proteome of finishing steers. This study reports the first evidence indicating that the supplementation of these micronutrients induces protein changes concerning oxidative metabolism and responses to oxidative stress in the liver tissue. Abstract Vitamin B and trace minerals are crucial molecular signals involved in many biological pathways; however, their bioavailability is compromised in high-producing ruminant animals. So far, studies have mainly focused on the effects of these micronutrients on animal performance, but their use in a rumen-protected form and their impact on liver metabolism in finishing beef cattle is poorly known. We used a shotgun proteomic approach combined with biological network analyses to assess the effects of a rumen-protected B-vitamin blend, as well as those of hydroxy trace minerals, on the hepatic proteome. A total of 20 non-castrated Nellore males with 353 ± 43 kg of initial body weight were randomly assigned to one of the following treatments: CTRL—inorganic trace minerals without supplementation of a protected vitamin B blend, or SUP—supplementation of hydroxy trace minerals and a protected vitamin B blend. All animals were fed the same amount of the experimental diet for 106 days, and liver biopsies were performed at the end of the experimental period. Supplemented animals showed 37 up-regulated proteins (p < 0.10), and the enrichment analysis revealed that these proteins were involved in protein folding (p = 0.04), mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I (p = 0.01) and IV (p = 0.01), chaperonin-containing T-complex 2 (p = 0.01), glutathione metabolism (p < 0.01), and other aspects linked to oxidative-stress responses. These results indicate that rumen-protected vitamin B and hydroxy trace mineral supplementation during the finishing phase alters the abundance of proteins associated with the electron transport chain and other oxidation–reduction pathways, boosting the production of reactive oxygen species, which appear to modulate proteins linked to oxidative-damage responses to maintain cellular homeostasis.
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34
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Alvarez-Franco A, Rouco R, Ramirez RJ, Guerrero-Serna G, Tiana M, Cogliati S, Kaur K, Saeed M, Magni R, Enriquez JA, Sanchez-Cabo F, Jalife J, Manzanares M. Transcriptome and proteome mapping in the sheep atria reveal molecular featurets of atrial fibrillation progression. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:1760-1775. [PMID: 33119050 PMCID: PMC8208739 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a progressive cardiac arrhythmia that increases the risk of hospitalization and adverse cardiovascular events. There is a clear demand for more inclusive and large-scale approaches to understand the molecular drivers responsible for AF, as well as the fundamental mechanisms governing the transition from paroxysmal to persistent and permanent forms. In this study, we aimed to create a molecular map of AF and find the distinct molecular programmes underlying cell type-specific atrial remodelling and AF progression. METHODS AND RESULTS We used a sheep model of long-standing, tachypacing-induced AF, sampled right and left atrial tissue, and isolated cardiomyocytes (CMs) from control, intermediate (transition), and late time points during AF progression, and performed transcriptomic and proteome profiling. We have merged all these layers of information into a meaningful three-component space in which we explored the genes and proteins detected and their common patterns of expression. Our data-driven analysis points at extracellular matrix remodelling, inflammation, ion channel, myofibril structure, mitochondrial complexes, chromatin remodelling, and genes related to neural function, as well as critical regulators of cell proliferation as hallmarks of AF progression. Most important, we prove that these changes occur at early transitional stages of the disease, but not at later stages, and that the left atrium undergoes significantly more profound changes than the right atrium in its expression programme. The pattern of dynamic changes in gene and protein expression replicate the electrical and structural remodelling demonstrated previously in the sheep and in humans, and uncover novel mechanisms potentially relevant for disease treatment. CONCLUSIONS Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of AF progression in a large animal model shows that significant changes occur at early stages, and that among others involve previously undescribed increase in mitochondria, changes to the chromatin of atrial CMs, and genes related to neural function and cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Alvarez-Franco
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Rouco
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael J Ramirez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Guadalupe Guerrero-Serna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Maria Tiana
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Cogliati
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Kuljeet Kaur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mohammed Saeed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ricardo Magni
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Enriquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fatima Sanchez-Cabo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Jalife
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Arrhythmia Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain
| | - Miguel Manzanares
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
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35
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Tan Z, Lei Z, Yan Z, Ji X, Chang X, Cai Z, Lu L, Qi Y, Yin X, Han X, Lei T. Exploiting D 2 receptor β-arrestin2-biased signalling to suppress tumour growth of pituitary adenomas. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:3570-3586. [PMID: 33904172 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Dopamine agonists targeting D2 receptor have been used for decades in treating pituitary adenomas. There has been little clear evidence implicating the canonical G protein signalling as the mechanism by which D2 receptor suppresses the growth of pituitary tumours. We hypothesize that β-arrestin2-dependent signalling is the molecular mechanism dictating D2 receptor inhibitory effects on pituitary tumour growth. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The involvement of G protein and β-arrestin2 in bromocriptine-mediated growth suppression in rat MMQ and GH3 tumour cells was assessed. The anti-growth effect of a β-arrestin2-biased agonist, UNC9994, was tested in cultured cells, tumour-bearing nude mice and primary cultured human pituitary adenomas. The effect of G protein signalling on tumour growth was also analysed by using a G protein-biased agonist, MLS1547, and a Gβγ inhibitor, gallein, in vitro. KEY RESULTS β-arrestin2 signalling but not G protein pathways mediated the suppressive effect of bromocriptine on pituitary tumour growth. UNC9994 inhibited pituitary tumour cell growth in vitro and in vivo. The suppressive function of UNC9994 was obtained by inducing intracellular reactive oxygen species generation through downregulating mitochondrial complex I subunit NDUFA1. The effects of Gαi/o signalling and Gβγ signalling via D2 receptor on pituitary tumour growth were cell-type-dependent. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Given the very low expression of Gαi/o proteins in pituitary tumours and the complexity of the responses of pituitary tumours to G protein signalling pathways, our study reveals D2 receptor β-arrestin2-biased ligand may be a more promising choice to treat pituitary tumours with improved therapeutic selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoubin Tan
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuowei Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zisheng Yan
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuetao Ji
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoai Chang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi Cai
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Lu
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiwei Qi
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiumei Yin
- Intensive Care Unit, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Sino-German Neuro-Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Needs HI, Protasoni M, Henley JM, Prudent J, Collinson I, Pereira GC. Interplay between Mitochondrial Protein Import and Respiratory Complexes Assembly in Neuronal Health and Degeneration. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:432. [PMID: 34064758 PMCID: PMC8151517 DOI: 10.3390/life11050432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The fact that >99% of mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nuclear genome and synthesised in the cytosol renders the process of mitochondrial protein import fundamental for normal organelle physiology. In addition to this, the nuclear genome comprises most of the proteins required for respiratory complex assembly and function. This means that without fully functional protein import, mitochondrial respiration will be defective, and the major cellular ATP source depleted. When mitochondrial protein import is impaired, a number of stress response pathways are activated in order to overcome the dysfunction and restore mitochondrial and cellular proteostasis. However, prolonged impaired mitochondrial protein import and subsequent defective respiratory chain function contributes to a number of diseases including primary mitochondrial diseases and neurodegeneration. This review focuses on how the processes of mitochondrial protein translocation and respiratory complex assembly and function are interlinked, how they are regulated, and their importance in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope I. Needs
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK; (H.I.N.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Margherita Protasoni
- Medical Research Council-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; (M.P.); (J.P.)
| | - Jeremy M. Henley
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK; (H.I.N.); (J.M.H.)
- Centre for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Julien Prudent
- Medical Research Council-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; (M.P.); (J.P.)
| | - Ian Collinson
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK; (H.I.N.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Gonçalo C. Pereira
- Medical Research Council-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; (M.P.); (J.P.)
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Goyak KO, Lewis RJ. Application of adverse outcome pathway networks to integrate mechanistic data informing the choice of a point of departure for hydrogen sulfide exposure limits. Crit Rev Toxicol 2021; 51:193-208. [PMID: 33905294 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2021.1897085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Acute exposure to hydrogen sulfide initiates a series of hallmark biological effects that occur progressively at increasing exposure levels: odor perception, conjunctivitis, olfactory paralysis, "knockdown," pulmonary edema, and apnea. Although effects of exposure to high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide are clear, effects associated with chronic, low-level exposure in humans is under debate, leading to uncertainty in the critical effect used in regulatory risk assessments addressing low dose exposures. This study integrates experimental animal, observational epidemiology, and occupational exposure evidence by applying a pathway-based approach. A hypothesized adverse outcome pathway (AOP) network was developed from 34 studies, composed of 4 AOPs sharing 1 molecular initiating events (MIE) and culminating in 4 adverse outcomes. A comparative assessment of effect levels and weight of evidence identified an AOP leading to a biologically-plausible, low-dose outcome relative to the other outcomes (nasal lesions, 30 ppm versus olfactory paralysis, >100 ppm; neurological effects, >80 ppm; pulmonary edema, >80 ppm). This AOP (i.e. AOP1) consists of the following key events: cytochrome oxidase inhibition (>10 ppm), neuronal cell loss (>30 ppm), and olfactory nasal lesions (defined as both neuronal cell loss and basal cell hyperplasia; >30 ppm) in rodents. The key event relationships in this pathway were supported by moderate empirical evidence and have high biological plausibility due to known mechanistic understanding and consistency in observations for diverse chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy O Goyak
- ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Inc., Annandale, NJ, USA
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38
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Zhang S, Zhang B, Zhang Q, Zhang Z. Crotonaldehyde exposure induces liver dysfunction and mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2021; 31:425-436. [PMID: 33749501 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2021.1904073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Crotonaldehyde is a highly toxic pollutant, widely present in tobacco smoke and automobile exhaust. Exposure to crotonaldehyde can cause hepatotoxicity and induce liver tumors in rats; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Liver cells contain many mitochondria, which serve to maintain energy levels in the body. We hypothesized that the energy metabolism disorder caused by mitochondrial dysfunction is an important cause of liver injury in rats exposed to crotonaldehyde. To test this, we randomly divided 40 male Wistar rats into four groups, and provided crotonaldehyde at 0, 2.5, 4.5, and 8.5 mg/kg for 90 days by intragastric administration. The results showed that crotonaldehyde exposure caused damage to liver mitochondrial structure, reduced electron-transport chain activity and ATP levels, and interfered with mitochondrial DNA transcription. In response to increased crotonaldehyde exposure, rats exhibited increased reactive oxygen species levels, decreased superoxide dismutase and glutathione activity, and activation of the caspase-mediated apoptosis pathway, as well as elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and histopathological damage. Our findings, together with those of previous reports, should help elucidate the underlying mechanism of crotonaldehyde-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and energy metabolism disorder, and provide an important direction for the prevention and clinical intervention of liver diseases caused by crotonaldehyde and aldehydes with similar structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuman Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihu Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Meeks L, De Oliveira Pessoa D, Martinez JA, Limesand KH, Padi M. Integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics reveals convergent pathways driving radiation-induced salivary gland dysfunction. Physiol Genomics 2021; 53:85-98. [PMID: 33522389 PMCID: PMC7988743 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00127.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy for head and neck cancer causes damage to the surrounding salivary glands, resulting in salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia. Current treatments do not provide lasting restoration of salivary gland function following radiation; therefore, a new mechanistic understanding of the radiation-induced damage response is necessary for identifying therapeutic targets. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the metabolic phenotype of radiation-induced damage in parotid salivary glands by integrating transcriptomic and metabolomic data. Integrated data were then analyzed to identify significant gene-metabolite interactions. Mice received a single 5 Gy dose of targeted head and neck radiation. Parotid tissue samples were collected 5 days following treatment for RNA sequencing and metabolomics analysis. Altered metabolites and transcripts significantly converged on a specific region in the metabolic reaction network. Both integrative pathway enrichment using rank-based statistics and network analysis highlighted significantly coordinated changes in glutathione metabolism, energy metabolism (TCA cycle and thermogenesis), peroxisomal lipid metabolism, and bile acid production with radiation. Integrated changes observed in energy metabolism suggest that radiation induces a mitochondrial dysfunction phenotype. These findings validated previous pathways involved in the radiation-damage response, such as altered energy metabolism, and identified robust signatures in salivary glands, such as reduced glutathione metabolism, that may be driving salivary gland dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Meeks
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - Jessica A Martinez
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Kirsten H Limesand
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Megha Padi
- Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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Gueguen N, Lenaers G, Reynier P, Weissig V, Edeas M. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Mitochondrial Medicine: Current Limitations, Pitfalls, and Tomorrow. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2276:1-29. [PMID: 34060029 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1266-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Until recently restricted to hereditary mitochondrial diseases, mitochondrial dysfunction is now recognized as a key player and strategic factor in the pathophysiological of many human diseases, ranging from the metabolism, vascular, cardiac, and neurodegenerative diseases to cancer. Because of their participation in a myriad of cellular functions and signaling pathways, precisely identifying the cause of mitochondrial "dysfunctions" can be challenging and requires robust and controlled techniques. Initially limited to the analysis of the respiratory chain functioning, these analytical techniques now enlarge to the analyses of mitochondrial and cellular metabolism, based on metabolomic approaches.Here, we address the methods used to assay mitochondrial dysfunction, with a highlight on the techniques used in diagnosis on tissues and cells derived from patients, the information they provide, and their strength and weakness.Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction by various strategies is a huge challenge, requires robust methods of evaluation, and should be able to take into consideration the mitochondria dynamics and localization. The future of mitochondrial medicine is strongly related to a perfect comprehension of its dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naig Gueguen
- UMR CNRS 6015-INSERM U1083, MitoVasc Institute, University of Angers, Angers, France.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Guy Lenaers
- UMR CNRS 6015-INSERM U1083, MitoVasc Institute, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- UMR CNRS 6015-INSERM U1083, MitoVasc Institute, University of Angers, Angers, France.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Volkmar Weissig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanocenter of Excellence, Midwestern University College of Pharmacy at Glendale, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Marvin Edeas
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France. .,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France.
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41
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Chang X, Zhang W, Zhao Z, Ma C, Zhang T, Meng Q, Yan P, Zhang L, Zhao Y. Regulation of Mitochondrial Quality Control by Natural Drugs in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases: Potential and Advantages. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:616139. [PMID: 33425924 PMCID: PMC7793684 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.616139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are double-membraned cellular organelles that provide the required energy and metabolic intermediates to cardiomyocytes. Mitochondrial respiratory chain defects, structure abnormalities, and DNA mutations can affect the normal function of cardiomyocytes, causing an imbalance in intracellular calcium ion homeostasis, production of reactive oxygen species, and apoptosis. Mitochondrial quality control (MQC) is an important process that maintains mitochondrial homeostasis in cardiomyocytes and involves multi-level regulatory mechanisms, such as mitophagy, mitochondrial fission and fusion, mitochondrial energy metabolism, mitochondrial antioxidant system, and mitochondrial respiratory chain. Furthermore, MQC plays a role in the pathological mechanisms of various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In recent years, the regulatory effects of natural plants, drugs, and active ingredients on MQC in the context of CVDs have received significant attention. Effective active ingredients in natural drugs can influence the production of energy-supplying substances in the mitochondria, interfere with the expression of genes associated with mitochondrial energy requirements, and regulate various mechanisms of MQC modulation. Thus, these ingredients have therapeutic effects against CVDs. This review provides useful information about novel treatment options for CVDs and development of novel drugs targeting MQC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Guang'anmen Hospital of Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjin Zhang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxia Ma
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qingyan Meng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Peizheng Yan
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuping Zhao
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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42
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Al-Shehri SS. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and innate immune response. Biochimie 2020; 181:52-64. [PMID: 33278558 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The innate immune system is the first line of defense against pathogens and is characterized by its fast but nonspecific response. One important mechanism of this system is the production of the biocidal reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which are widely distributed within biological systems, including phagocytes and secretions. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are short-lived intermediates that are biochemically synthesized by various enzymatic reactions in aerobic organisms and are regulated by antioxidants. The physiological levels of reactive species play important roles in cellular signaling and proliferation. However, higher concentrations and prolonged exposure can fight infections by damaging important microbial biomolecules. One feature of the reactive species generation system is the interaction between its components to produce more biocidal agents. For example, the phagocytic NADPH oxidase complex generates superoxide, which functions as a precursor for antimicrobial hydrogen peroxide synthesis. Peroxide is then used by myeloperoxidase in the same cells to generate hypochlorous acid, a highly microbicidal agent. Studies on animal models and microorganisms have shown that deficiency of these antimicrobial agents is associated with severe recurrent infections and immunocompromised diseases, such as chronic granulomatous disease. There is accumulating evidence that reactive species have important positive aspects on human health and immunity; however, some important promising features of this system remain obscure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad S Al-Shehri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
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Michailidis M, Karagiannis E, Tanou G, Samiotaki M, Tsiolas G, Sarrou E, Stamatakis G, Ganopoulos I, Martens S, Argiriou A, Molassiotis A. Novel insights into the calcium action in cherry fruit development revealed by high-throughput mapping. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:597-614. [PMID: 32909183 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This work provides the first system-wide datasets concerning metabolic changes in calcium-treated fruits, which reveal that exogenously applied calcium may specifically reprogram sweet cherry development and ripening physiognomy. Calcium modulates a wide range of plant developmental processes; however, the regulation of fruit ripening by calcium remains largely uncharacterized. In this study, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome profiling was used to document the responses of sweet cherry fruit to external calcium application (0.5% CaCl2) at 15, 27 and 37 days after full blossom. Endogenous calcium loading in fruit across development following external calcium feeding was accompanied by a reduction in respiration rate. Calcium treatment strongly impaired water-induced fruit cracking tested by two different assays, and this effect depended on the fruit size, water temperature and light/dark conditions. Substantial changes in the levels of numerous polar/non-polar primary and secondary metabolites, including malic acid, glucose, cysteine, epicatechin and neochlorogenic acid were noticed in fruits exposed to calcium. At the onset of ripening, we identified various calcium-affected genes, including those involved in ubiquitin and cysteine signaling, that had not been associated previously with calcium function in fruit biology. Calcium specifically increased the abundance of a significant number of proteins that classified as oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, and ligases. The overview of temporal changes in gene expression and corresponding protein abundance provided by interlinked analysis revealed that oxidative phosphorylation, hypersensitive response, DNA repair, stomata closure, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and proton-pump activity were mainly affected by calcium. This report provides the fullest characterization of expression patterns in calcium-responsive genes, proteins and metabolites currently available in fruit ripening and will serve as a blueprint for future biological endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michail Michailidis
- Laboratory of Pomology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001, Thermi, Greece
| | - Evangelos Karagiannis
- Laboratory of Pomology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001, Thermi, Greece
| | - Georgia Tanou
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources, ELGO-DEMETER, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Martina Samiotaki
- Institute of Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - George Tsiolas
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thermi, 570 01, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eirini Sarrou
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, ELGO-DEMETER, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Stamatakis
- Institute of Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Ioannis Ganopoulos
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, ELGO-DEMETER, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stefans Martens
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Centro Ricerca e Innovazione, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Anagnostis Argiriou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thermi, 570 01, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanassios Molassiotis
- Laboratory of Pomology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57001, Thermi, Greece.
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Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain and Its Regulatory Elements SIRT1 and SIRT3 Play Important Role in the Initial Process of Energy Conversion after Moxibustion at Local Skin. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2343817. [PMID: 32904439 PMCID: PMC7456489 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2343817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To study how thermal energy is converted after moxibustion at local skin from the view of mitochondrial respiratory chain and its key regulatory elements of sirtuins 1 (SIRT1) and sirtuins 3 (SIRT3). Methods Two moxibustion temperatures usually used in clinical practice (38°C and 46°C) were applied to Zusanli (ST36) acupoint for 30 minutes in C57BL/6J mice. Local skin samples were harvested at 30 min and 72 h after moxibustion intervention, respectively. The activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I–V was detected by spectrophotometry. The expression of SIRT1 and SIRT3 protein was detected by immunofluorescence staining or western blot. Results Moxibustion at 38°C triggered more significant increase of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I–V expression. However, the protein expression of SIRT1 and SIRT3 at 46°C showed more obvious enhancement. In addition, the effect of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I–V activity on local skin of ST36 acupoint was more obvious at 30 min after moxibustion, while the expression of SIRT1 and SIRT3 protein was more significant at 72 h after moxibustion. Conclusion Mitochondrial respiratory chain and its key regulatory element proteins SIRT1 and SIRT3 play important role in the initial process of thermal energy conversion stimulated by different moxibustion temperatures in local skin.
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Gangcuangco LMA, Mitchell BI, Siriwardhana C, Kohorn LB, Chew GM, Bowler S, Kallianpur KJ, Chow DC, Ndhlovu LC, Gerschenson M, Shikuma CM. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is decreased in chronic HIV and correlates with immune dysregulation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231761. [PMID: 32353005 PMCID: PMC7192478 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cellular immunometabolism among people living with HIV (PLWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains under investigated. We assessed the relationships between mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and blood parameters associated with HIV immune dysregulation. Methods PLWH ≥40 years old and on stable ART ≥3 months were enrolled (N = 149). OXPHOS complex I (CI, NADH dehydrogenase) and complex IV (CIV, cytochrome c oxidase) protein levels in PBMCs were quantified using immunoassays. Monocyte subsets and markers of T-cell activation, senescence, and exhaustion were measured on PBMC by flow cytometry. Plasma inflammatory mediators were quantified using a multiplex assay. HIV-uninfected group (N = 44) of similar age, gender, and ethnicity had available OXPHOS levels. Results PLWH had a median age of 51 years. Majority were male (88.6%), Caucasian (57.7%), and with undetectable plasma HIV RNA <50 copies/mL (84.6%). Median CI level was lower in PLWH compared with the HIV-seronegative group (65.5 vs 155.0 optical density/μg protein x 103, p <0.0001). There was no significant difference in median CIV levels. Lower OXPHOS levels correlated with lower CD4% and CD4/CD8 ratio. On multivariable linear regression adjusted for age, current use of zidovudine/didanosine, and HIV RNA (detectable versus undetectable), lower OXPHOS levels were significantly associated with higher MPO, SAA, SAP, and sVCAM, and higher frequencies of intermediate (CD14++CD16+) monocytes and TIGIT+TIM3+ CD4 T-cell (p<0.01). Conclusion CI PBMC protein levels were decreased in PLWH on ART. Decreased OXPHOS correlated with disease severity and inflammation. Further studies on the relationship between immunometabolism and immune dysregulation in HIV are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Glen M. Chew
- University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Scott Bowler
- University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | | | - Dominic C. Chow
- University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | | | | | - Cecilia M. Shikuma
- University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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46
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Casuso RA, Huertas JR. The emerging role of skeletal muscle mitochondrial dynamics in exercise and ageing. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 58:101025. [PMID: 32018055 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the hub for energy production within living cells. They can undergo morphological changes in response to nutrient availability and cellular stress. Here, we review how exercise chronically and acutely affects mitochondrial dynamics. Moreover, we discuss whether mitochondrial dysfunction observed in elderly subjects is due to the ageing process per se or due to the associated sedentary state. Finally, we study how endurance exercise can improve mitochondrial dynamics in older subjects, thereby improving their overall health and likely limiting muscle waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael A Casuso
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Avda del conocimiento s/n. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Jesús R Huertas
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Avda del conocimiento s/n. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
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Bernal-Conde LD, Ramos-Acevedo R, Reyes-Hernández MA, Balbuena-Olvera AJ, Morales-Moreno ID, Argüero-Sánchez R, Schüle B, Guerra-Crespo M. Alpha-Synuclein Physiology and Pathology: A Perspective on Cellular Structures and Organelles. Front Neurosci 2020; 13:1399. [PMID: 32038126 PMCID: PMC6989544 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is localized in cellular organelles of most neurons, but many of its physiological functions are only partially understood. α-syn accumulation is associated with Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy as well as other synucleinopathies; however, the exact pathomechanisms that underlie these neurodegenerative diseases remain elusive. In this review, we describe what is known about α-syn function and pathophysiological changes in different cellular structures and organelles, including what is known about its behavior as a prion-like protein. We summarize current knowledge of α-syn and its pathological forms, covering its effect on each organelle, including aggregation and toxicity in different model systems, with special interest on the mitochondria due to its relevance during the apoptotic process of dopaminergic neurons. Moreover, we explore the effect that α-syn exerts by interacting with chromatin remodeling proteins that add or remove histone marks, up-regulate its own expression, and resume the impairment that α-syn induces in vesicular traffic by interacting with the endoplasmic reticulum. We then recapitulate the events that lead to Golgi apparatus fragmentation, caused by the presence of α-syn. Finally, we report the recent findings about the accumulation of α-syn, indirectly produced by the endolysosomal system. In conclusion, many important steps into the understanding of α-syn have been made using in vivo and in vitro models; however, the time is right to start integrating observational studies with mechanistic models of α-syn interactions, in order to look at a more complete picture of the pathophysiological processes underlying α-synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis D. Bernal-Conde
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Ramos-Acevedo
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mario A. Reyes-Hernández
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Andrea J. Balbuena-Olvera
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ishbelt D. Morales-Moreno
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rubén Argüero-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Birgitt Schüle
- Department of Pathology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Magdalena Guerra-Crespo
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa, Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Raimondi V, Ciccarese F, Ciminale V. Oncogenic pathways and the electron transport chain: a dangeROS liaison. Br J Cancer 2019; 122:168-181. [PMID: 31819197 PMCID: PMC7052168 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0651-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Driver mutations in oncogenic pathways, rewiring of cellular metabolism and altered ROS homoeostasis are intimately connected hallmarks of cancer. Electrons derived from different metabolic processes are channelled into the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) to fuel the oxidative phosphorylation process. Electrons leaking from the ETC can prematurely react with oxygen, resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Several signalling pathways are affected by ROS, which act as second messengers controlling cell proliferation and survival. On the other hand, oncogenic pathways hijack the ETC, enhancing its ROS-producing capacity by increasing electron flow or by impinging on the structure and organisation of the ETC. In this review, we focus on the ETC as a source of ROS and its modulation by oncogenic pathways, which generates a vicious cycle that resets ROS levels to a higher homoeostatic set point, sustaining the cancer cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vincenzo Ciminale
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy. .,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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Niazi AK, Delannoy E, Iqbal RK, Mileshina D, Val R, Gabryelska M, Wyszko E, Soubigou-Taconnat L, Szymanski M, Barciszewski J, Weber-Lotfi F, Gualberto JM, Dietrich A. Mitochondrial Transcriptome Control and Intercompartment Cross-Talk During Plant Development. Cells 2019; 8:E583. [PMID: 31200566 PMCID: PMC6627697 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We address here organellar genetic regulation and intercompartment genome coordination. We developed earlier a strategy relying on a tRNA-like shuttle to mediate import of nuclear transgene-encoded custom RNAs into mitochondria in plants. In the present work, we used this strategy to drive trans-cleaving hammerhead ribozymes into the organelles, to knock down specific mitochondrial RNAs and analyze the regulatory impact. In a similar approach, the tRNA mimic was used to import into mitochondria in Arabidopsis thaliana the orf77, an RNA associated with cytoplasmic male sterility in maize and possessing sequence identities with the atp9 mitochondrial RNA. In both cases, inducible expression of the transgenes allowed to characterise early regulation and signaling responses triggered by these respective manipulations of the organellar transcriptome. The results imply that the mitochondrial transcriptome is tightly controlled by a "buffering" mechanism at the early and intermediate stages of plant development, a control that is released at later stages. On the other hand, high throughput analyses showed that knocking down a specific mitochondrial mRNA triggered a retrograde signaling and an anterograde nuclear transcriptome response involving a series of transcription factor genes and small RNAs. Our results strongly support transcriptome coordination mechanisms within the organelles and between the organelles and the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Khan Niazi
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology (IBMP), CNRS and University of Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France.
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Etienne Delannoy
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 91405 Orsay, France.
| | - Rana Khalid Iqbal
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology (IBMP), CNRS and University of Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Daria Mileshina
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology (IBMP), CNRS and University of Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Romain Val
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology (IBMP), CNRS and University of Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Marta Gabryelska
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Z. Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Eliza Wyszko
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Z. Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Ludivine Soubigou-Taconnat
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 91405 Orsay, France.
| | - Maciej Szymanski
- Department of Computational Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, A. Mickiewicz University Poznan, Ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Jan Barciszewski
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Z. Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland.
- NanoBioMedical Centre of the Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61614 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Frédérique Weber-Lotfi
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology (IBMP), CNRS and University of Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France.
| | - José Manuel Gualberto
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology (IBMP), CNRS and University of Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France.
| | - André Dietrich
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology (IBMP), CNRS and University of Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France.
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Chouchani ET, Liesa M, Trifunovic A. Mechanisms of Mitochondria Assembly, Dynamics and Turnover in Health and Disease. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:4821-4822. [PMID: 30428302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward T Chouchani
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Marc Liesa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, and Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Center for Health Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Aleksandra Trifunovic
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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