1
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Osborne MJ, Sulekha A, Culjkovic-Kraljacic B, Gasiorek J, Ruediger E, Jolicouer E, Marinier A, Assouline S, Borden KLB. Medicinal Chemistry and NMR Driven Discovery of Novel UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A Inhibitors That Overcome Therapeutic Resistance in Cells. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168378. [PMID: 38043731 PMCID: PMC10841659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) deactivate many therapeutics via glucuronidation while being required for clearance of normal metabolites and xenobiotics. There are 19 UGT enzymes categorized into UGT1A and UGT2B families based on sequence conservation. This presents a challenge in terms of targeting specific UGTs to overcome drug resistance without eliciting overt toxicity. Here, we identified for the first time that UGT1A4 is highly elevated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and its reduction corresponded to objective clinical responses. To develop inhibitors to UGT1A4, we leveraged previous NMR-based fragment screening data against the C-terminal domain of UGT1A (UGT1A-C). NMR and medicinal chemistry strategies identified novel chemical matter based on fragment compounds with the capacity to bind ∼20 fold more tightly to UGT1A-C (Kd ∼ 600 μM vs ∼30 μM). Some compounds differentially inhibited UGT1A4 versus UGT1A1 enzyme activity and restored drug sensitivity in resistant human cancer cells. NMR-based NOE experiments revealed these novel compounds recognised a region distal to the catalytic site suggestive of allosteric regulation. This binding region is poorly conserved between UGT1A and UGT2B C-terminal sequences, which otherwise exhibit high similarity. Consistently, these compounds did not bind to the C-terminal domain of UGT2B7 nor a triple mutant of UGT1A-C replaced with UGT2B7 residues in this region. Overall, we discovered a site on UGTs that can be leveraged to differentially target UGT1As and UGT2Bs, identified UGT1A4 as a therapeutic target, and found new chemical matter that binds the UGT1A C-terminus, inhibits glucuronidation and restores drug sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Osborne
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anamika Sulekha
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Biljana Culjkovic-Kraljacic
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jadwiga Gasiorek
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Edward Ruediger
- Drug Discovery Unit, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric Jolicouer
- Drug Discovery Unit, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne Marinier
- Drug Discovery Unit, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sarit Assouline
- Jewish General Hospital and McGill University, 3755 Cote Ste Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T1E2, Canada
| | - Katherine L B Borden
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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2
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Mazewski C, Platanias LC. A novel approach to overcome drug resistance in acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2023; 108:2889-2890. [PMID: 37165841 PMCID: PMC10620585 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.283099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Candice Mazewski
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Leonidas C Platanias
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL.
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3
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Assouline S, Gasiorek J, Bergeron J, Lambert C, Culjkovic-Kraljacic B, Cocolakis E, Zakaria C, Szlachtycz D, Yee K, Borden KLB. Molecular targeting of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes in high-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E refractory/relapsed acute myeloid leukemia patients: a randomized phase II trial of vismodegib, ribavirin with or without decitabine. Haematologica 2023; 108:2946-2958. [PMID: 36951168 PMCID: PMC10620574 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.282791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance underpins poor outcomes in many malignancies including refractory and relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML). Glucuronidation is a common mechanism of drug inactivation impacting many AML therapies, e.g., cytarabine, decitabine, azacytidine and venetoclax. In AML cells, the capacity for glucuronidation arises from increased production of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A (UGT1A) enzymes. UGT1A elevation was first observed in AML patients who relapsed after response to ribavirin, a drug used to target the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E, and subsequently in patients who relapsed on cytarabine. UGT1A elevation resulted from increased expression of the sonic-hedgehog transcription factor GLI1. Vismodegib inhibited GLI1, decreased UGT1A levels, reduced glucuronidation of ribavirin and cytarabine, and re-sensitized cells to these drugs. Here, we examined if UGT1A protein levels, and thus glucuronidation activity, were targetable in humans and if this corresponded to clinical response. We conducted a phase II trial using vismodegib with ribavirin, with or without decitabine, in largely heavily pre-treated patients with high-eIF4E AML. Pre-therapy molecular assessment of patients' blasts indicated highly elevated UGT1A levels relative to healthy volunteers. Among patients with partial response, blast response or prolonged stable disease, vismodegib reduced UGT1A levels, which corresponded to effective targeting of eIF4E by ribavirin. In all, our studies are the first to demonstrate that UGT1A protein, and thus glucuronidation, are targetable in humans. These studies pave the way for the development of therapies that impair glucuronidation, one of the most common drug deactivation modalities. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02073838.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarit Assouline
- Jewish General Hospital and McGill University 3755 Cote Ste Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T1E2.
| | - Jadwiga Gasiorek
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec
| | - Julie Bergeron
- CEMTL installation Maisonneuve Rosemont, 5415 boul. de l'Assomption, Montreal H1T 2M4
| | - Caroline Lambert
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec
| | - Biljana Culjkovic-Kraljacic
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec
| | - Eftihia Cocolakis
- Jewish General Hospital and McGill University 3755 Cote Ste Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T1E2
| | - Chadi Zakaria
- Jewish General Hospital and McGill University 3755 Cote Ste Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T1E2
| | - David Szlachtycz
- Jewish General Hospital and McGill University 3755 Cote Ste Catherine, Montreal, Quebec H3T1E2
| | - Karen Yee
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Katherine L B Borden
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec.
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4
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Sulekha A, Osborne MJ, Gasiorek J, Borden KLB. 1H, 13C, 15N Backbone and sidechain chemical shift assignments of the C-terminal domain of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B17 (UGT2B17-C). BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2023; 17:67-73. [PMID: 36757531 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-023-10122-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
UDP-glucuronosyltransferases are the principal enzymes involved in the glucuronidation of metabolites and xenobiotics for physiological clearance in humans. Though glucuronidation is an indispensable process in the phase II metabolic pathway, UGT-mediated glucuronidation of most prescribed drugs (> 55%) and clinical evidence of UGT-associated drug resistance are major concerns for therapeutic development. While UGTs are highly conserved enzymes, they manifest unique substrate and inhibitor specificity which is poorly understood given the dearth of experimentally determined full-length structures. Such information is important not only to conceptualize their specificity but is central to the design of inhibitors specific to a given UGT in order to avoid toxicity associated with pan-UGT inhibitors. Here, we provide the 1H, 13C and 15N backbone (~ 90%) and sidechain (~ 62%) assignments for the C-terminal domain of UGT2B17, which can be used to determine the molecular binding sites of inhibitor and substrate, and to understand the atomic basis for inhibitor selectivity between UGT2B17 and other members of the UGT2B subfamily. Given the physiological relevance of UGT2B17 in the elimination of hormone-based cancer drugs, these assignments will contribute towards dissecting the structural basis for substrate specificity, selective inhibitor recognition and other aspects of enzyme activity with the goal of selectively overcoming glucuronidation-based drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Sulekha
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology and Institute of Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Pavilion Marcelle‑Coutu, Chemin Polytechnique, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael J Osborne
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology and Institute of Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Pavilion Marcelle‑Coutu, Chemin Polytechnique, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jadwiga Gasiorek
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology and Institute of Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Pavilion Marcelle‑Coutu, Chemin Polytechnique, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Katherine L B Borden
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology and Institute of Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Pavilion Marcelle‑Coutu, Chemin Polytechnique, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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5
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Lei Z, Tian Q, Teng Q, Wurpel JND, Zeng L, Pan Y, Chen Z. Understanding and targeting resistance mechanisms in cancer. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e265. [PMID: 37229486 PMCID: PMC10203373 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to cancer therapies has been a commonly observed phenomenon in clinical practice, which is one of the major causes of treatment failure and poor patient survival. The reduced responsiveness of cancer cells is a multifaceted phenomenon that can arise from genetic, epigenetic, and microenvironmental factors. Various mechanisms have been discovered and extensively studied, including drug inactivation, reduced intracellular drug accumulation by reduced uptake or increased efflux, drug target alteration, activation of compensatory pathways for cell survival, regulation of DNA repair and cell death, tumor plasticity, and the regulation from tumor microenvironments (TMEs). To overcome cancer resistance, a variety of strategies have been proposed, which are designed to enhance the effectiveness of cancer treatment or reduce drug resistance. These include identifying biomarkers that can predict drug response and resistance, identifying new targets, developing new targeted drugs, combination therapies targeting multiple signaling pathways, and modulating the TME. The present article focuses on the different mechanisms of drug resistance in cancer and the corresponding tackling approaches with recent updates. Perspectives on polytherapy targeting multiple resistance mechanisms, novel nanoparticle delivery systems, and advanced drug design tools for overcoming resistance are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Ning Lei
- PrecisionMedicine CenterScientific Research CenterThe Seventh Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt. John's UniversityQueensNew YorkUSA
| | - Qin Tian
- PrecisionMedicine CenterScientific Research CenterThe Seventh Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
| | - Qiu‐Xu Teng
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt. John's UniversityQueensNew YorkUSA
| | - John N. D. Wurpel
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt. John's UniversityQueensNew YorkUSA
| | - Leli Zeng
- PrecisionMedicine CenterScientific Research CenterThe Seventh Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
| | - Yihang Pan
- PrecisionMedicine CenterScientific Research CenterThe Seventh Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
| | - Zhe‐Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt. John's UniversityQueensNew YorkUSA
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6
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Al Saihati HA, Rabaan AA. Cellular resistance mechanisms in cancer and the new approaches to overcome resistance mechanisms chemotherapy. Saudi Med J 2023; 44:329-344. [PMID: 37062547 PMCID: PMC10153614 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2023.44.4.20220600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite major advancements in cancer healing approaches over the last few decades, chemotherapy remains the most popular malignancy treatment. Chemotherapeutic drugs are classified into many kinds based on their mechanism of action. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is responsible for approximately 90% of fatalities in malignancy cases treated with standard chemotherapeutics or innovative targeted medicines. Many innovative prospective anti-cancer medicines displayed high anti-cancer efficacy in a single application. However, combining them with other medications improves cancer treatment efficacy. This supports the belief that a combination of drugs is significantly more effective than a single medicine. Due to the intricacy of MDR processes and the diversity of tumor illnesses, there will rarely be a single medicine that can be utilized to treat all types of cancer. Finding new medications that can reverse MDR in malignancy cells will augment efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents and allow us to treat cancers that are now incurable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajir A. Al Saihati
- From the Department of Clinical Laboratory Science (Al Saihati), Applied Medical College, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin, and from the Depatment of Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory (Rabaan), Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali A. Rabaan
- From the Department of Clinical Laboratory Science (Al Saihati), Applied Medical College, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin, and from the Depatment of Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory (Rabaan), Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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7
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Algethami M, Toss MS, Woodcock CL, Jaipal C, Brownlie J, Shoqafi A, Alblihy A, Mesquita KA, Green AR, Mongan NP, Jeyapalan JN, Rakha EA, Madhusudan S. Unravelling the clinicopathological and functional significance of replication protein A (RPA) heterotrimeric complex in breast cancers. NPJ Breast Cancer 2023; 9:18. [PMID: 36997566 PMCID: PMC10063624 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-023-00524-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Replication Protein A (RPA), a heterotrimeric complex consisting of RPA1, 2, and 3 subunits, is a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-binding protein that is critically involved in replication, checkpoint regulation and DNA repair. Here we have evaluated RPA in 776 pure ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS), 239 DCIS that co-exist with invasive breast cancer (IBC), 50 normal breast tissue and 4221 IBC. Transcriptomic [METABRIC cohort (n = 1980)] and genomic [TCGA cohort (n = 1090)] evaluations were completed. Preclinically, RPA deficient cells were tested for cisplatin sensitivity and Olaparib induced synthetic lethality. Low RPA linked to aggressive DCIS, aggressive IBC, and shorter survival outcomes. At the transcriptomic level, low RPA tumours overexpress pseudogene/lncRNA as well as genes involved in chemical carcinogenesis, and drug metabolism. Low RPA remains linked with poor outcome. RPA deficient cells are sensitive to cisplatin and Olaparib induced synthetic lethality. We conclude that RPA directed precision oncology strategy is feasible in breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashael Algethami
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
| | - Michael S Toss
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
- Department of Pathology, Nottingham University Hospital, City Campus, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG51PB, UK
| | - Corinne L Woodcock
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Cancer Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Chandar Jaipal
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
| | - Juliette Brownlie
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
| | - Ahmed Shoqafi
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
| | - Adel Alblihy
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
- Medical Center, King Fahad Security College (KFSC), Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katia A Mesquita
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
| | - Andrew R Green
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
| | - Nigel P Mongan
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jennie N Jeyapalan
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
- Department of Pathology, Nottingham University Hospital, City Campus, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG51PB, UK
| | - Emad A Rakha
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
- Medical Center, King Fahad Security College (KFSC), Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Srinivasan Madhusudan
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK.
- Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, NG51PB, UK.
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8
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Borden K. The search for genetic dark matter and lessons learned from the journey. Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 100:276-281. [DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2022-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, I describe our scientific journey to unearth the impact of RNA metabolism in cancer using the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E as an exemplar. This model allowed us to discover new structural, biochemical, and molecular features of RNA processing, and to reveal their substantial impact on cell physiology. This led us to develop proof-of-principle strategies to target these pathways in cancer patients leading to clinical benefit. I discuss the important role that the unexpected plays in research and the necessity of embracing the data even when it clashes with dogma. I also touch on the importance of equity, diversity and inclusion to the success of the scientific enterprise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Borden
- University of Montreal, 5622, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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9
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Dimunová D, Matoušková P, Podlipná R, Boušová I, Skálová L. The role of UDP-glycosyltransferases in xenobiotic-resistance. Drug Metab Rev 2022; 54:282-298. [DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2022.2083632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Dimunová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Matoušková
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Podlipná
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, 165 02 Praha 6 - Lysolaje, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Boušová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Skálová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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10
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Carlile GW, Yang Q, Matthes E, Liao J, Birault V, Sneddon HF, Poole DL, Hall CJ, Hanrahan JW, Thomas DY. The NSAID glafenine rescues class 2 CFTR mutants via cyclooxygenase 2 inhibition of the arachidonic acid pathway. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4595. [PMID: 35302062 PMCID: PMC8930988 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08661-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Most cases of cystic fibrosis (CF) are caused by class 2 mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR). These proteins preserve some channel function but are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Partial rescue of the most common CFTR class 2 mutant, F508del-CFTR, has been achieved through the development of pharmacological chaperones (Tezacaftor and Elexacaftor) that bind CFTR directly. However, it is not clear whether these drugs will rescue all class 2 CFTR mutants to a medically relevant level. We have previously shown that the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ibuprofen can correct F508del-CFTR trafficking. Here, we utilized RNAi and pharmacological inhibitors to determine the mechanism of action of the NSAID glafenine. Using cellular thermal stability assays (CETSAs), we show that it is a proteostasis modulator. Using medicinal chemistry, we identified a derivative with a fourfold increase in CFTR corrector potency. Furthermore, we show that these novel arachidonic acid pathway inhibitors can rescue difficult-to-correct class 2 mutants, such as G85E-CFTR > 13%, that of non-CF cells in well-differentiated HBE cells. Thus, the results suggest that targeting the arachidonic acid pathway may be a profitable way of developing correctors of certain previously hard-to-correct class 2 CFTR mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme W Carlile
- Department of Biochemistry, Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, McIntyre Medical Sciences Building, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada.
- Department of Human Genetics, Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada.
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, McIntyre Medical Sciences Building, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Matthes
- Department of Physiology, McGill Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Jie Liao
- Department of Physiology, McGill Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Véronique Birault
- Translation Department, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Helen F Sneddon
- Department of Chemistry, Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Darren L Poole
- Medicinal Chemistry, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Callum J Hall
- Medicinal Chemistry, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - John W Hanrahan
- Department of Physiology, McGill Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - David Y Thomas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, McIntyre Medical Sciences Building, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
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11
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Alblihy A, Shoqafi A, Toss MS, Algethami M, Harris AE, Jeyapalan JN, Abdel-Fatah T, Servante J, Chan SYT, Green A, Mongan NP, Rakha EA, Madhusudan S. Untangling the clinicopathological significance of MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex in sporadic breast cancers. NPJ Breast Cancer 2021; 7:143. [PMID: 34782604 PMCID: PMC8593132 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-021-00350-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex is critical for genomic stability. Although germline mutations in MRN may increase breast cancer susceptibility, such mutations are extremely rare. Here, we have conducted a comprehensive clinicopathological study of MRN in sporadic breast cancers. We have protein expression profiled for MRN and a panel of DNA repair factors involved in double-strand break repair (BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, CHK2, ATR, Chk1, pChk1, RAD51, γH2AX, RPA1, RPA2, DNA-PKcs), RECQ DNA helicases (BLM, WRN, RECQ1, RECQL4, RECQ5), nucleotide excision repair (ERCC1) and base excision repair (SMUG1, APE1, FEN1, PARP1, XRCC1, Pol β) in 1650 clinical breast cancers. The prognostic significance of MRE11, RAD50 and NBS1 transcripts and their microRNA regulators (hsa-miR-494 and hsa-miR-99b) were evaluated in large clinical datasets. Expression of MRN components was analysed in The Cancer Genome Atlas breast cancer cohort. We show that low nuclear MRN is linked to aggressive histopathological phenotypes such as high tumour grade, high mitotic index, oestrogen receptor- and high-risk Nottingham Prognostic Index. In univariate analysis, low nuclear MRE11 and low nuclear RAD50 were associated with poor survival. In multivariate analysis, low nuclear RAD50 remained independently linked with adverse clinical outcomes. Low RAD50 transcripts were also linked with reduced survival. In contrast, overexpression of hsa-miR-494 and hsa-miR-99b microRNAs was associated with poor survival. We observed large-scale genome-wide alterations in MRN-deficient tumours contributing to aggressive behaviour. We conclude that MRN status may be a useful tool to stratify tumours for precision medicine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Alblihy
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
- Medical Center, King Fahad Security College (KFSC), Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Shoqafi
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
| | - Michael S Toss
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
- Department of Pathology, Nottingham University Hospitals, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Mashael Algethami
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
| | - Anna E Harris
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
| | - Jennie N Jeyapalan
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
| | - Tarek Abdel-Fatah
- Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | | | - Stephen Y T Chan
- Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Andrew Green
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
| | - Nigel P Mongan
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
| | - Emad A Rakha
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK
- Department of Pathology, Nottingham University Hospitals, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Srinivasan Madhusudan
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 3RD, UK.
- Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK.
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12
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UGT1A Gene Family Members Serve as Potential Targets and Prognostic Biomarkers for Pancreatic Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6673125. [PMID: 34595239 PMCID: PMC8478536 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6673125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with high mortality. The UGT1A gene family plays important roles in pharmacology and toxicology, contributing to interindividual differences in drug disposition. However, mRNA expression and prognostic value of the UGT1A gene family in PC have not been identified. Methods Oncomine, GEPIA2, DAVID 6.8, Metascape, Kaplan-Meier plotter, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA, TRRUST v2, TIMER, and R software were used in our study. Results The transcriptional levels of UGT1A1/3/6/8/9/10 in PC tissues were significantly higher than those in normal tissues. These results were further validated using five pairs of PC tumor tissues and adjacent nontumor tissues. A significant correlation was found between the expression of UGT1A1/6/10 and the pathological stage of PC. PC patients with lower transcriptional levels of UGT1A1/4/5/6/10 were associated with a better prognosis. The differentially expressed UGT1A gene family functions were primarily related to the glucuronidation pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, and the ILK signaling pathway. Our data suggest that HNF1A, AHR, and CDX2 are key transcription factors for the UGT1A gene family. Furthermore, the expression levels of UGT1A1/3/8/9/10 were positively correlated with the activities of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, especially B cells. The expression levels of UGT1A6/9 were negatively correlated with macrophage infiltration levels. Conclusions These results suggest that the UGT1A gene family could serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and target for PC. However, future studies are required to validate our findings and promote the clinical utility of the UGT1A gene family in PC.
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Osborne MJ, Rahardjo AK, Volpon L, Borden KLB. 1H, 13C and 15N chemical shift assignments of the C-terminal domain of human UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7-C). BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2021; 15:323-328. [PMID: 33870481 PMCID: PMC8549657 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-021-10024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) family of enzymes catalyze the covalent addition of glucuronic acid to a wide range of compounds, generally rendering them inactive. Although important for clearance of environmental toxins and metabolites, UGT activation can lead to inappropriate glucuronidation of therapeutics underlying drug resistance. Indeed, 50% of medications are glucuronidated. To better understand this mode of resistance, we studied the UGT2B7 enzyme associated with glucuronidation of cancer drugs such as Tamoxifen and Sorafenib. We report 1H, 13C and 15N backbone (> 90%) and side-chain assignments (~ 78% completeness according to CYANA) for the C-terminal domain of UGT2B7 (UGT2B7-C). Given the biomedical importance of this family of enzymes, our assignments will provide a key tool for improving understanding of the biochemical basis for substrate selectivity and other aspects of enzyme activity. This in turn will inform on drug design to overcome UGT-related drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Osborne
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute of Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Pavillion Marcelle-Coutu, Chemin Polytechnique, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amanda K Rahardjo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute of Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Pavillion Marcelle-Coutu, Chemin Polytechnique, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Laurent Volpon
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute of Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Pavillion Marcelle-Coutu, Chemin Polytechnique, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Katherine L B Borden
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute of Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Pavillion Marcelle-Coutu, Chemin Polytechnique, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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14
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Targeting Drug Chemo-Resistance in Cancer Using Natural Products. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101353. [PMID: 34680470 PMCID: PMC8533186 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. The development of drug resistance is the main contributor to cancer-related mortality. Cancer cells exploit multiple mechanisms to reduce the therapeutic effects of anticancer drugs, thereby causing chemotherapy failure. Natural products are accessible, inexpensive, and less toxic sources of chemotherapeutic agents. Additionally, they have multiple mechanisms of action to inhibit various targets involved in the development of drug resistance. In this review, we have summarized the basic research and clinical applications of natural products as possible inhibitors for drug resistance in cancer. The molecular targets and the mechanisms of action of each natural product are also explained. Diverse drug resistance biomarkers were sensitive to natural products. P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein can be targeted by a large number of natural products. On the other hand, protein kinase C and topoisomerases were less sensitive to most of the studied natural products. The studies discussed in this review will provide a solid ground for scientists to explore the possible use of natural products in combination anticancer therapies to overcome drug resistance by targeting multiple drug resistance mechanisms.
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15
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Metabolic Reprogramming of Chemoresistant Cancer Cells and the Potential Significance of Metabolic Regulation in the Reversal of Cancer Chemoresistance. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10070289. [PMID: 32708822 PMCID: PMC7408410 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10070289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of tumors. Alterations of cellular metabolism not only contribute to tumor development, but also mediate the resistance of tumor cells to antitumor drugs. The metabolic response of tumor cells to various chemotherapy drugs can be analyzed by metabolomics. Although cancer cells have experienced metabolic reprogramming, the metabolism of drug resistant cancer cells has been further modified. Metabolic adaptations of drug resistant cells to chemotherapeutics involve redox, lipid metabolism, bioenergetics, glycolysis, polyamine synthesis and so on. The proposed metabolic mechanisms of drug resistance include the increase of glucose and glutamine demand, active pathways of glutaminolysis and glycolysis, promotion of NADPH from the pentose phosphate pathway, adaptive mitochondrial reprogramming, activation of fatty acid oxidation, and up-regulation of ornithine decarboxylase for polyamine production. Several genes are associated with metabolic reprogramming and drug resistance. Intervening regulatory points described above or targeting key genes in several important metabolic pathways may restore cell sensitivity to chemotherapy. This paper reviews the metabolic changes of tumor cells during the development of chemoresistance and discusses the potential of reversing chemoresistance by metabolic regulation.
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16
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Bukowski K, Kciuk M, Kontek R. Mechanisms of Multidrug Resistance in Cancer Chemotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3233. [PMID: 32370233 PMCID: PMC7247559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 768] [Impact Index Per Article: 192.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main causes of death worldwide. Despite the significant development of methods of cancer healing during the past decades, chemotherapy still remains the main method for cancer treatment. Depending on the mechanism of action, commonly used chemotherapeutic agents can be divided into several classes (antimetabolites, alkylating agents, mitotic spindle inhibitors, topoisomerase inhibitors, and others). Multidrug resistance (MDR) is responsible for over 90% of deaths in cancer patients receiving traditional chemotherapeutics or novel targeted drugs. The mechanisms of MDR include elevated metabolism of xenobiotics, enhanced efflux of drugs, growth factors, increased DNA repair capacity, and genetic factors (gene mutations, amplifications, and epigenetic alterations). Rapidly increasing numbers of biomedical studies are focused on designing chemotherapeutics that are able to evade or reverse MDR. The aim of this review is not only to demonstrate the latest data on the mechanisms of cellular resistance to anticancer agents currently used in clinical treatment but also to present the mechanisms of action of novel potential antitumor drugs which have been designed to overcome these resistance mechanisms. Better understanding of the mechanisms of MDR and targets of novel chemotherapy agents should provide guidance for future research concerning new effective strategies in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Bukowski
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha St., 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.K.); (R.K.)
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Emerging roles for UDP-glucuronosyltransferases in drug resistance and cancer progression. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:1277-1287. [PMID: 32047295 PMCID: PMC7188667 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0722-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The best-known role of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes (UGTs) in cancer is the metabolic inactivation of drug therapies. By conjugating glucuronic acid to lipophilic drugs, UGTs impair the biological activity and enhance the water solubility of these agents, driving their elimination. Multiple clinical observations support an expanding role for UGTs as modulators of the drug response and in mediating drug resistance in numerous cancer types. However, accumulating evidence also suggests an influence of the UGT pathway on cancer progression. Dysregulation of the expression and activity of UGTs has been associated with the progression of several cancers, arguing for UGTs as possible mediators of oncogenic pathways and/or disease accelerators in a drug-naive context. The consequences of altered UGT activity on tumour biology are incompletely understood. They might be associated with perturbed levels of bioactive endogenous metabolites such as steroids and bioactive lipids that are inactivated by UGTs or through non-enzymatic mechanisms, thereby eliciting oncogenic signalling cascades. This review highlights the evidence supporting dual roles for the UGT pathway, affecting cancer progression and drug resistance. Pharmacogenomic testing of UGT profiles in patients and the development of therapeutic options that impair UGT actions could provide useful prognostic and predictive biomarkers and enhance the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs.
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Zahreddine HA, Culjkovic-Kraljacic B, Gasiorek J, Duchaine J, Borden KLB. GLI1-Inducible Glucuronidation Targets a Broad Spectrum of Drugs. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:348-355. [PMID: 30763062 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b01118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer therapies are plagued by resistance. Previously, we discovered a novel form of cancer drug resistance where the Glioma-associated protein 1 (GLI1) elevates UGT1A glucuronidation enzymes, thereby glucuronidating cytarabine and ribavirin, leading to resistance in leukemia patients. Here, we demonstrate that GLI1 imparts resistance to ∼40 compounds, including FDA-approved drugs with disparate chemotypes ( e.g., methotrexate and venetoclax). GLI1 indirectly elevates UGT1As via the chaperone calreticulin, which is required for resistance. Further, we demonstrate that resistant cells are more sensitive to ATP inhibitors, suggesting an Achilles' heel, which could be exploited in the future. In all, we identify GLI1-inducible glucuronidation as a broad-spectrum multidrug resistance pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Ahmad Zahreddine
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Biljana Culjkovic-Kraljacic
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jadwiga Gasiorek
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean Duchaine
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Katherine L. B. Borden
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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