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Fadaly WAA, Nemr MTM, Kahk NM. Discovery of novel pyrazole based Urea/Thiourea derivatives as multiple targeting VEGFR-2, EGFR WT, EGFR T790M tyrosine kinases and COX-2 Inhibitors, with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107403. [PMID: 38691909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
A novel series of pyrazole derivatives with urea/thiourea scaffolds 16a-l as hybrid sorafenib/erlotinib/celecoxib analogs was designed, synthesized and tested for its VEGFR-2, EGFRWT, EGFRT790M tyrosine kinases and COX-2, pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 inhibitory activities. All the tested compounds showed excellent COX-2 selectivity index in range of 18.04-47.87 compared to celecoxib (S.I. = 26.17) and TNF-α and IL-6 inhibitory activities (IC50 = 5.0-7.50, 6.23-8.93 respectively, compared to celecoxib IC50 = 8.40 and 8.50, respectively). Screening was carried out against 60 human cancer cell lines by National Cancer Institute (NCI), compounds 16a, 16c, 16d and 16 g were the most potent inhibitors with GI% ranges of 100 %, 99.63-87.02 %, 98.98-43.10 % and 98.68-23.62 % respectively, and with GI50 values of 1.76-15.50 µM, 1.60-5.38 µM, 1.68-7.39 µM and 1.81-11.0 µM respectively, in addition, of showing good safety profile against normal cell line (F180). Moreover, compounds 16a, 16c, 16d and 16 g had cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase with induced necrotic percentage compared to sorafenib of 2.06 %, 2.47 %, 1.57 %, 0.88 % and 1.83 % respectively. Amusingly, compounds 16a, 16c, 16d and 16 g inhibited VEGFR-2 with IC50 of 25 nM, 52 nM, 324 nM and 110 nM respectively, compared to sorafenib (IC50 = 85 nM), and had excellent EGFRWT and EGFRT790M kinase inhibitory activities (IC50 = 94 nM, 128 nM, 160 nM, 297 nM), (10 nM, 25 nM, 36 nM and 48 nM) respectively, compared to both erlotinib and osimertinib (IC50 = 114 nM, 56 nM) and (70 nM, 37 nM) respectively and showed (EGFRwt/EGFRT790M S.I.) of (range: 4.44-9.40) compared to erlotinib (2.03) and osmertinib (1.89).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael A A Fadaly
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T M Nemr
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Eini street 11562, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nesma M Kahk
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
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Elkady H, Mahdy HA, Taghour MS, Dahab MA, Elwan A, Hagras M, Hussein MH, Ibrahim IM, Husein DZ, Elkaeed EB, Alsfouk AA, Metwaly AM, Eissa IH. New thiazolidine-2,4-diones as potential anticancer agents and apoptotic inducers targeting VEGFR-2 kinase: Design, synthesis, in silico and in vitro studies. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130599. [PMID: 38521471 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND VEGFR-2 has emerged as a prominent positive regulator of cancer progression. AIM Discovery of new anticancer agents and apoptotic inducers targeting VEGFR-2. METHODS Design and synthesis of new thiazolidine-2,4-diones followed by extensive in vitro studies, including VEGFR-2 inhibition assay, MTT assay, apoptosis analysis, and cell migration assay. In silico investigations including docking, MD simulations, ADMET, toxicity, and DFT studies were performed. RESULTS Compound 15 showed the strongest VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.066 μM. Additionally, most of the synthesized compounds showed anti-proliferative activity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines at the micromolar range with IC50 values ranging from 0.04 to 4.71 μM, relative to sorafenib (IC50 = 2.24 ± 0.06 and 3.17 ± 0.01 μM against HepG2 and MCF-7, respectively). Also, compound 15 showed selectivity indices of 1.36 and 2.08 against HepG2 and MCF-7, respectively. Furthermore, compound 15 showed a significant apoptotic effect and arrested the cell cycle of MCF-7 cells at the S phase. Moreover, compound 15 had a significant inhibitory effect on the ability of MCF-7 cells to heal from. Docking studies revealed that the synthesized thiazolidine-2,4-diones have a binding pattern approaching sorafenib. MD simulations indicated the stability of compound 15 in the active pocket of VEGFR-2 for 200 ns. ADMET and toxicity studies indicated an acceptable pharmacokinetic profile. DFT studies confirmed the ability of compound 15 to interact with VEGFR-2. CONCLUSION Compound 15 has promising anticancer activity targeting VEGFR-2 with significant activity as an apoptosis inducer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed S Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Dahab
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Mona H Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Dalal Z Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharja 72511, Egypt.
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Aisha A Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
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Alshaye NA, Elgohary MK, Elkotamy MS, Abdel-Aziz HA. Design, Synthesis and Biological Assessment of N'-(2-Oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-6-methylimidazo[2,1- b]thiazole-5-carbohydrazides as Potential Anti-Proliferative Agents toward MCF-7 Breast Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:216. [PMID: 38399431 PMCID: PMC10892120 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a serious threat to the health and lives of women. Two novel series of N'-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-6-methylimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-5-carbohydrazides and 1-(aryl)-3-(6-methylimidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-5-yl)ureas were designed, synthesized and investigated for their anticancer efficacy against the MCF-7 breast cell line. Three compounds of the first series showed potent activity toward MCF-7 with IC50 in the range 8.38-11.67 µM, respectively, as compared to Sorafenib (IC50 = 7.55 µM). N'-(1-butyl-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-6-methylimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-5-carbohydrazide inhibited VEGFR-2 with IC50 = 0.33 µM when compared with Sorafenib (IC50 = 0.09 µM). Furthermore, this compound was introduced to PCR assessment, where it increased Bax, caspase 8, caspase 9 and cytochrome C levels by 4.337-, 2.727-, 4.947- and 2.420-fold, respectively, while it decreased levels of Bcl-2, as the anti-apoptotic gene, by 0.359-fold when compared to the untreated control MCF-7. This compound was also arrested in the G2/M phase by 27.07%, compared with 11.31% for the control MCF-7. Furthermore, it induced early and late apoptosis in MCF-7. In addition, a molecular docking study in the VEGFR-2 active site was performed to assess the binding profile for the most active compounds. Moreover, ADME parameters of the targeted compounds were also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla A. Alshaye
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed K. Elgohary
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian-Russian University, Cairo 11829, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud S. Elkotamy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian-Russian University, Cairo 11829, Egypt;
| | - Hatem A. Abdel-Aziz
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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Eissa IH, Elkady H, Rashed M, Elwan A, Hagras M, Dahab MA, Taghour MS, Ibrahim IM, Husein DZ, Elkaeed EB, Al-ghulikah HA, Metwaly AM, Mahdy HA. Discovery of new thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as potential VEGFR-2 inhibitors: In vitro and in silico studies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24005. [PMID: 38298627 PMCID: PMC10828660 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, a series of seven novel 2,4-dioxothiazolidine derivatives with potential anticancer and VEGFR-2 inhibiting abilities were designed and synthesized as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The synthesized compounds were tested in vitro for their potential to inhibit VEGFR-2 and the growth of HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Among the compounds tested, compound 22 (IC50 = 0.079 μM) demonstrated the highest anti-VEGFR-2 efficacy. Furthermore, it demonstrated significant anti-proliferative activities against HepG2 (IC50 = 2.04 ± 0.06 μM) and MCF-7 (IC50 = 1.21 ± 0.04 M). Additionally, compound 22 also increased the total apoptotic rate of the MCF-7 cancer cell lines with cell cycle arrest at S phase. As well, computational methods were applied to study the VEGFR-2-22 complex at the molecular level. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to investigate the complex's structural and kinetic characteristics. The DFT calculations further revealed the structural and electronic properties of compound 22. Finally, computational ADMET and toxicity tests were performed indicating the likeness of the proposed compounds to be drugs. The results suggest that compound 22 displays promise as an effective anticancer treatment and can serve as a model for future structural modifications and biological investigations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H. Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Rashed
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. Dahab
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S. Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M. Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Dalal Z. Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharja, 72511, Egypt
| | - Eslam B. Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan A. Al-ghulikah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Hazem A. Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
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Anwer KE, El-Hddad SSA, Abd El-Sattar NEA, El-Morsy A, Khedr F, Mohamady S, Keshek DE, Salama SA, El-Adl K, Hanafy NS. Five and six membered heterocyclic rings endowed with azobenzene as dual EGFR T790M and VEGFR-2 inhibitors: design, synthesis, in silico ADMET profile, molecular docking, dynamic simulation and anticancer evaluations. RSC Adv 2023; 13:35321-35338. [PMID: 38053688 PMCID: PMC10695193 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06614b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel azobenzene scaffold-joined heterocyclic isoxazole, pyrazole, triazole, and/or triazine moieties have been developed and synthesized utilizing microwave and traditional methods. Our compounds were tested for growth inhibition of A549, MCF-7, HCT-116, and HepG2 tumors by dual targeting the VEGFR-2 and EGFRT790M enzymes. The suggested compound's manner of binding with EGFRT790M and VEGFR-2 active sites was explored through molecular design and MD modeling. The information from the results of the biological screening and the docking studies was highly correlated. The A549 cell line was the one that responded to the novel compound's effects most effectively. Having IC50 values of 5.15, 6.37, 8.44 and 6.23 μM, respectively, 14 was the most effective derivative on the four A549, MCF-7, HCT116 and HepG2 cancer cells. It had greater activity than erlotinib and slightly inferior activities on the tested cell lines than sorafenib, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the most effective derivatives, 5, 6, 10 and 14, was evaluated against typical VERO cell lines. Having IC50 values ranging from 42.32 to 55.20 μM, the results showed that the investigated drugs have modest toxicity against VERO normal cells. Additionally all derivatives were assessed for their dual VEGFR-2 and EGFRT790M inhibitory effects. Among them, derivatives 14, 5 and 10 were established as the greatest inhibitors of VEGFR-2 at IC50 values of 0.95, 1.25 and 1.50 μM correspondingly. As well, derivatives 14, 6, 5 and 10 could inhibit EGFRT790M activity demonstrating strongest effects with IC50 = 0.25, 0.35, 0.40 and 0.50 μM respectively. Furthermore, the ADMET profile was evaluated for compounds 5, 6, 10 and 14 in contrast to reference drugs sorafenib and erlotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurls E Anwer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University Abbassia Cairo Egypt
| | | | - Nour E A Abd El-Sattar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University Abbassia Cairo Egypt
- Basic & Medical Sciences Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alryada University for Science & Technology Egypt
| | - Ahmed El-Morsy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University Najaf Iraq
| | - Fathalla Khedr
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Nasr City 11884 Cairo Egypt
| | - Samy Mohamady
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt Cairo Egypt
| | - Doaa E Keshek
- Department of Biology, Jumum College University, Umm Al-Qura University P.O. Box 7388 Makkah 21955 Sudia Arabia
- Agriculture Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agriculture Research Centre Giza Egypt
| | - Samir A Salama
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University P.O. Box 11099 Taif 21944 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled El-Adl
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Nasr City 11884 Cairo Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development Cairo Egypt
| | - Noura S Hanafy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development Cairo Egypt
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Eissa IH, Yousef RG, Elkady H, Elkaeed EB, Alsfouk BA, Husein DZ, Asmaey MA, Ibrahim IM, Metwaly AM. Anti-breast cancer potential of a new xanthine derivative: In silico, antiproliferative, selectivity, VEGFR-2 inhibition, apoptosis induction and migration inhibition studies. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154894. [PMID: 37857034 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The overexpression of VEGFR-2 receptors in breast cancer provides a valuable approach to anticancer strategies. Targeting VEGFR-2, a new semisynthetic compound (T-1-MCPAB) has been designed. METHODS Computational methods (ADMET, toxicity, DFT, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulations, MM-GBSA, PLIP, and PCAT) were conducted. In addition to the semi-synthesis, in vitro studies (anti-VEGFR-2, anti-proliferative, flow cytometry, and wound scratch assay) were employed. RESULTS ADME and toxicity profiles of T-1-MCPAB studies indicated its overall drug-likeness showing results much better than Sorafenib. Then, T-1-MCPAB's exact 3D structure, stability, and reactivity were evoked by the DFT calculations. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, MM-GPSA, PLIP, and PCAT studies denoted the correct binding and inhibiting potential of T-1-MCPAB, towards VEGFR-2 protein. After the semisynthesis, T-1-MCPAB inhibited VEGFR-2 with an IC50 of 0.135 µM, which was comparable to sorafenib's IC50 of 0.0591 µM. T-1-MCPAB also showed a notable performance against MCF7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 30.95 µM and 63.64 µM, respectively, and had high selectivity index values of 3.7 and 1.8, respectively. Furthermore, T-1-MCPAB influenced early and late apoptosis and significantly decreased the potential of MCF7 cells to heal and migrate. CONCLUSION T-1-MCPAB is a promising VEGFR-2 inhibitor with potential for breast cancer treatment. Further chemical and biological studies are needed to explore its potential as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Reda G Yousef
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bshra A Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Dalal Z Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharja 72511, Egypt.
| | - Mostafa A Asmaey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, 71524 Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University. Cairo 12613, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt.
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Aboutaleb MH, El-Gohary NS, Ghabbour HA, El-Kerdawy MM. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of new benzimidazole thiourea derivatives as antitumor agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2300269. [PMID: 37602810 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Novel benzimidazole thiourea derivatives were designed and synthesized based on sorafenib as a lead compound. The benzimidazole moiety was traded by the pyridine ring to enhance the hydrophobic interaction and retain hydrogen bonding in the hinge region, while lipophilic moieties with different bulkiness were employed in the deep hydrophobic pocket for better hydrophobic interactions. Thiourea as a urea bioisostere was also utilized. Substantial activity was demonstrated against a leukemia subpanel in an in vitro antitumor screening at the NCI. In the single-dose assay, compounds 7i, 7j, and 7l had a GI%) higher than sorafenib against most leukemia cell lines (GI% = 86.2%-137.1%), while in the five-dose assay, compound 7l outperformed sorafenib against the HL-60(TB) and SR leukemia cell lines in terms of GI50 , TGI, and LC50 . Compound 7l also caused cycle arrest at the G0-G1 and S phases in the HL-60(TB) leukemia cell line and induced apoptosis via elevating the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and increasing caspases 3, 7, and 9 by 5.1-, 3.2-, and 5.2-fold, respectively. Compounds 7i, 7j, and 7l also inhibited the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), B-Raf(V600E) , and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFR-β) enzymes with an IC50 range of 0.063-0.44 μM. COMPARE analysis and a molecular docking study were also performed to predict the possible mechanism of action and binding mode, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H Aboutaleb
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Nadia S El-Gohary
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hazem A Ghabbour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M El-Kerdawy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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El-Metwally SA, Elkady H, Hagras M, Elkaeed EB, Alsfouk BA, Doghish AS, Ibrahim IM, Taghour MS, Husein DZ, Metwaly AM, Eissa IH. Discovery of new VEGFR-2 inhibitors and apoptosis inducer-based thieno[2,3- d]pyrimidine. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:2065-2086. [PMID: 37955128 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: VEGFR-2 is a key regulator of cancer cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. Aim: Development of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as potential anti-cancer agents targeting VEGFR-2. Methods: Seven in vitro and nine in silico studies were conducted. Results: Compound 10d demonstrated strong anticancer potential, boosting apoptosis based on VEGFR-2 inhibition. It arrested the S phase of the cell cycle and upregulated the apoptotic factors. Docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies confirm the stability of the VEGFR-2-10d complex and suggest that these compounds have good binding affinities to VEGFR-2. In addition, the drug-likeness was confirmed. Conclusion: Thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines, particularly compound 10d, has good anticancer effects and may contribute to the development of new anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad A El-Metwally
- Department of Basic Science, Higher Technological institute, 10th of Ramadan City, Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bshra A Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, PO Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11231, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Dalal Z Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharja, 72511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy & Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
- Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research & Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Department of Basic Science, Higher Technological institute, 10th of Ramadan City, Egypt
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Elkady H, El-Dardir OA, Elwan A, Taghour MS, Mahdy HA, Dahab MA, Elkaeed EB, Alsfouk BA, Ibrahim IM, Husein DZ, Hafez EE, Darwish AMG, Metwaly AM, Eissa IH. Synthesis, biological evaluation and computer-aided discovery of new thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as potential antitumor VEGFR-2 inhibitors. RSC Adv 2023; 13:27801-27827. [PMID: 37731835 PMCID: PMC10508263 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05689a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, novel VEGFR-2-targeting thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives with potential anticancer properties were designed and synthesized. The ability of the designed derivatives to inhibit VEGFR-2 and stop the growth of three different cancer cell types (HT-29, A-549, and HCT-116) was examined in vitro. The IC50 value of compound 15, 0.081 μM, demonstrated the best anti-VEGFR-2 potency. Additionally, compound 15 showed remarkable anti-proliferative activities against the tested cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 13.56 to 17.8 μM. Additional flow cytometric investigations showed that compound 15 increased apoptosis in HT-29 cancer cells (from 3.1% to 31.4%) arresting their growth in the S phase. Furthermore, compound 15's apoptosis induction in the same cell line was confirmed by increasing the levels of BAX (4.8-fold) and decreasing Bcl-2 (2.8-fold). Also, compound 15 noticeably increased caspase-8 and caspase-9 levels by 1.7 and 3.2-fold, respectively. Computational methods were used to perform molecular analysis of the VEGFR-2-15 complex. Molecular dynamics simulations and molecular docking were utilized to analyze the complex's kinetic and structural characteristics. Protein-ligand interaction profiler analysis (PLIP) determined the 3D interactions and binding conformation of the VEGFR-2-15 complex. DFT analyses also provided insights into the 3D geometry, reactivity, and electronic characteristics of compound 15. Computational ADMET and toxicity experiments were conducted to determine the potential of the synthesized compounds for therapeutic development. The study's findings suggest that compound 15 might be an effective anticancer lead compound and could guide future attempts to develop new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Osama A El-Dardir
- Undergraduate Student, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Dahab
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University Riyadh 13713 Saudi Arabia
| | - Bshra A Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt
| | - Dalal Z Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University El-Kharja 72511 Egypt
| | - Elsayed E Hafez
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis, ALCRI, City of scientific research and technological applications New Borg El-Arab City Alexandria 21934 Egypt
| | - Amira M G Darwish
- Food Industry Technology Program, Faculty of Industrial and Energy Technology, Borg Al Arab Technological University Alexandria Egypt
- Food Technology Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City) Alexandria 21934 Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
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10
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El-Metwally SA, Elkady H, Hagras M, Husein DZ, Ibrahim IM, Taghour MS, El-Mahdy HA, Ismail A, Alsfouk BA, Elkaeed EB, Metwaly AM, Eissa IH. Design, synthesis, anti-proliferative evaluation, docking, and MD simulation studies of new thieno[2,3- d]pyrimidines targeting VEGFR-2. RSC Adv 2023; 13:23365-23385. [PMID: 37545598 PMCID: PMC10401666 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03128d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, new thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-derived compounds possessing potential anticancer activities were designed and synthesized to target VEGFR-2. The thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives were tested in vitro for their abilities to inhibit VEGFR-2 and to prevent cancer cell growth in two types of cancer cells, MCF-7 and HepG2. Compound 18 exhibited the strongest anti-VEGFR-2 potential with an IC50 value of 0.084 μM. Additionally, it displayed excellent proliferative effects against MCF-7 and HepG2 cancer cell lines, with IC50 values of 10.17 μM and 24.47 μM, respectively. Further studies revealed that compound 18 induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and promoted apoptosis in MCF-7 cancer cells. Apoptosis was stimulated by compound 18 by increasing BAX (3.6-fold) and decreasing Bcl-2 (3.1-fold). Additionally, compound 18 significantly raised the levels of caspase-8 (2.6-fold) and caspase-9 (5.4-fold). Computational techniques were also used to investigate the VEGFR-2-18 complex at a molecular level. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed to assess the structural and energetic features of the complex. The protein-ligand interaction profiler analysis identified the 3D interactions and binding conformation of the VEGFR-2-18 complex. Essential dynamics (ED) study utilizing principal component analysis (PCA) described the protein dynamics of the VEGFR-2-18 complex at various spatial scales. Bi-dimensional projection analysis confirmed the proper binding of the VEGFR-2-18 complex. In addition, the DFT studies provided insights into the structural and electronic properties of compound 18. Finally, computational ADMET and toxicity studies were conducted to evaluate the potential of the thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives for drug development. The results of the study suggested that compound 18 could be a promising anticancer agent that may provide effective treatment options for cancer patients. Furthermore, the computational techniques used in this research provided valuable insights into the molecular interactions of the VEGFR-2-18 complex, which may guide future drug design efforts. Overall, this study highlights the potential of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as a new class of anticancer agents and provides a foundation for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad A El-Metwally
- Department of Basic Science, Higher Technological Institute 10th of Ramadan City Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Dalal Z Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University El-Kharja 72511 Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Cairo 12613 Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Nasr City Cairo 11231 Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Nasr City Cairo 11231 Egypt
| | - Bshra A Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University Riyadh 13713 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
- Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City) Alexandria Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
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11
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Hanafy NS, Aziz NAAM, El-Hddad SSA, Abdelgawad MA, Ghoneim MM, Dawood AF, Mohamady S, El-Adl K, Ahmed S. Design, synthesis, and docking of novel thiazolidine-2,4-dione multitarget scaffold as new approach for cancer treatment. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023:e2300137. [PMID: 37147779 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Novel thiazolidine-2,4-diones have been developed and estimated as conjoint inhibitors of EGFRT790M and VEGFR-2 against HCT-116, MCF-7, A549, and HepG2 cells. Compounds 6a, 6b, and 6c were known to be the dominant advantageous congeners against HCT116 (IC50 = 15.22, 8.65, and 8.80 µM), A549 (IC50 = 7.10, 6.55, and 8.11 µM), MCF-7 (IC50 = 14.56, 6.65, and 7.09 µM) and HepG2 (IC50 = 11.90, 5.35, and 5.60 µM) mass cell lines, correspondingly. Although compounds 6a, 6b, and 6c disclosed poorer effects than sorafenib (IC50 = 4.00, 4.04, 5.58, and 5.05 µM) against the tested cell sets, congeners 6b and 6c demonstrated higher actions than erlotinib (IC50 = 7.73, 5.49, 8.20, and 13.91 µM) against HCT116, MCF-7 and HepG2 cells, yet lesser performance on A549 cells. The hugely effective derivatives 4e-i and 6a-c were inspected versus VERO normal cell strains. Compounds 6b, 6c, 6a, and 4i were found to be the most effective derivatives, which suppressed VEGFR-2 by IC50 = 0.85, 0.90, 1.50, and 1.80 µM, respectively. Moreover, compounds 6b, 6a, 6c, and 6i could interfere with the EGFRT790M performing strongest effects with IC50 = 0.30, 0.35, 0.50, and 1.00 µM, respectively. What is more, 6a, 6b, and 6c represented satisfactory in silico computed ADMET profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura S Hanafy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada A A M Aziz
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed A Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal F Dawood
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Mohamady
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled El-Adl
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar Ahmed
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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12
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Aziz NAAM, George RF, El-Adl K, Mahmoud WR. Exploration of thiazolidine-2,4-diones as tyrosine kinase inhibitors: Design, synthesis, ADMET, docking, and antiproliferative evaluations. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200465. [PMID: 36403198 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As dual EGFR and VEGFR-2 inhibitors, 22 innovative thiazolidine-2,4-diones were modeled, constructed, and measured for their anticancer performance versus four human neoplasms HCT-116, MCF-7, A549, and HepG2. Molecular docking and MD simulation were performed to inspect the binding technique of the proffered congeners with the EGFR and VEGFR-2 receptors. Evidence realized thanks to the docking inquests was vastly consistent together with that detected through the biological screening. Structures 14a and 14g emerged as the most active compounds toward HCT116 (IC50 = 6.01 and 7.44 µM), MCF-7 (IC50 = 5.77 and 7.23 µM), A549 (IC50 = 5.35 and 5.47 µM) and HepG2 (IC50 = 3.55 and 3.85 µM) tumefaction cells. Compounds 14a and 14g exhibited higher events than sorafenib (IC50 = 5.05, 5.58, 4.04, and 4.00 µM) against HepG2 instead subordinate incidents concerning A549, MCF-7, and HCT116, parallelly. Nevertheless, these compounds signified weightier performance than erlotinib (IC50 = 13.91, 8.20, 5.49, 7.73, and µM), with respect to the four cell lines. Compounds having the best activity against the four cell lines, 12a-f, 13a-d, and 14a-g were chosen to appraise their in vitro VEGFR-2 and EGFRT790M inhibiting activities. The best results were for compounds 14a and 14g compared to sorafenib and erlotinib, respectively, with IC50 values of 0.74 and 0.78 µM and 0.12 and 0.14 µM, respectively. Moreover, 13d, 14a, and 14g showed an adequate in silico calculated ADMET profile. The current investigation presents novel candidates for future optimization to construct mightier and eclectic binary VEGFR-2/EGFRT790M restrainers with higher antitumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada A A M Aziz
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Riham F George
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled El-Adl
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa R Mahmoud
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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13
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Taghour MS, Elkady H, Eldehna WM, El-Deeb NM, Kenawy AM, Elkaeed EB, Alsfouk AA, Alesawy MS, Metwaly AM, Eissa IH. Design and synthesis of thiazolidine-2,4-diones hybrids with 1,2-dihydroquinolones and 2-oxindoles as potential VEGFR-2 inhibitors: in-vitro anticancer evaluation and in-silico studies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1903-1917. [PMID: 35801403 PMCID: PMC9272924 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2085693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A thiazolidine-2,4-dione nucleus was molecularly hybridised with the effective antitumor moieties; 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline and 2-oxoindoline to obtain new hybrids with potential activity against VEGFR-2. The cytotoxic effects of the synthesised derivatives against Caco-2, HepG-2, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were investigated. Compound 12a was found to be the most potent candidate against the investigated cell lines with IC50 values of 2, 10, and 40 µM, respectively. Furthermore, the synthesised derivatives were tested in vitro for their VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity showing strong inhibition. Moreover, an in vitro viability study against Vero non-cancerous cell line was investigated and the results reflected a high safety profile of all tested compounds. Compound 12a was further investigated for its apoptotic behaviour by assessing the gene expression of four genes (Bcl2, Bcl-xl, TGF, and Survivin). Molecular dynamic simulations authenticated the high affinity, accurate binding, and perfect dynamics of compound 12a against VEGFR-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.,School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nehal M El-Deeb
- Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Kenawy
- Nucleic Acids Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha A Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Alesawy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt.,Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Abdallah AE, Mabrouk RR, Al Ward MMS, Eissa SI, Elkaeed EB, Mehany ABM, Abo-Saif MA, El-Feky OA, Alesawy MS, El-Zahabi MA. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking of new series of antitumor and apoptosis inducers designed as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:573-591. [PMID: 35012403 PMCID: PMC8757611 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.2017911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on quinazoline, quinoxaline, and nitrobenzene scaffolds and on pharmacophoric features of VEGFR-2 inhibitors, 17 novel compounds were designed and synthesised. VEGFR-2 IC50 values ranged from 60.00 to 123.85 nM for the new derivatives compared to 54.00 nM for sorafenib. Compounds 15a, 15b, and 15d showed IC50 from 17.39 to 47.10 µM against human cancer cell lines; hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), prostate cancer (PC3), and breast cancer (MCF-7). Meanwhile, the first in terms of VEGFR-2 inhibition was compound 15d which came second with regard to antitumor assay with IC50 = 24.10, 40.90, and 33.40 µM against aforementioned cell lines, respectively. Furthermore, Compound 15d increased apoptosis rate of HepG2 from 1.20 to 12.46% as it significantly increased levels of Caspase-3, BAX, and P53 from 49.6274, 40.62, and 42.84 to 561.427, 395.04, and 415.027 pg/mL, respectively. Moreover, 15d showed IC50 of 253 and 381 nM against HER2 and FGFR, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah E. Abdallah
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reda R. Mabrouk
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maged Mohammed Saleh Al Ward
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sally I. Eissa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eslam B. Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed B. M. Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mariam A. Abo-Saif
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta university, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ola A. El-Feky
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta university, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Alesawy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ayman El-Zahabi
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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15
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Hagras M, Saleh MA, Ezz Eldin RR, Abuelkhir AA, Khidr EG, El-Husseiny AA, El-Mahdy HA, Elkaeed EB, Eissa IH. 1,3,4-Oxadiazole-naphthalene hybrids as potential VEGFR-2 inhibitors: design, synthesis, antiproliferative activity, apoptotic effect, and in silico studies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:380-396. [PMID: 34923885 PMCID: PMC8725909 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.2015342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current work, some 1,3,4-oxadiazole-naphthalene hybrids were designed and synthesised as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The synthesised compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antiproliferative activity against two human cancer cell lines namely, HepG-2 and MCF-7. Compounds that exhibited promising cytotoxicity (5, 8, 15, 16, 17, and 18) were further evaluated for their VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities. Compound 5 showed good antiproliferative activity against both cell lines and inhibitory effect on VEGFR-2. Besides, it induced apoptosis by 22.86% compared to 0.51% in the control (HepG2) cells. This apoptotic effect was supported by a 5.61-fold increase in the level of caspase-3 compared to the control cells. Moreover, it arrested the HepG2 cell growth mostly at the Pre-G1 phase. Several in silico studies were performed including docking, ADMET, and toxicity studies to predict binding mode against VEGFR-2 and to anticipate pharmacokinetic, drug-likeness, and toxicity of the synthesised compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hagras
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa A. Saleh
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rogy R. Ezz Eldin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | | | - Emad Gamil Khidr
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. El-Husseiny
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A. El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eslam B. Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim H. Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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16
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Abdelgawad MA, Hayallah AM, Bukhari SNA, Musa A, Elmowafy M, Abdel-Rahman HM, Abd El-Gaber MK. Design, Synthesis, Molecular Modeling, and Anticancer Evaluation of New VEGFR-2 Inhibitors Based on the Indolin-2-One Scaffold. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1416. [PMID: 36422546 PMCID: PMC9698773 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of indoline-2-one derivatives was designed and synthesized based on the essential pharmacophoric features of VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Anti-proliferative activities were assessed for all derivatives against breast (MCF-7) and liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines, using sunitinib as a reference agent. The most potent anti-proliferative derivatives were evaluated for their VEGFR-2 inhibition activity. The effects of the most potent inhibitor, 17a, on cell cycle, apoptosis, and expression of apoptotic markers (caspase-3&-9, BAX, and Bcl-2) were studied. Molecular modeling studies, such as docking simulations, physicochemical properties prediction, and pharmacokinetic profiling were performed. The results revealed that derivatives 5b, 10e, 10g, 15a, and 17a exhibited potent anticancer activities with IC50 values from 0.74-4.62 µM against MCF-7 cell line (sunitinib IC50 = 4.77 µM) and from 1.13-8.81 µM against HepG2 cell line (sunitinib IC50 = 2.23 µM). Furthermore, these compounds displayed potent VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 0.160, 0.358, 0.087, 0.180, and 0.078 µM, respectively (sunitinib IC50 = 0.139 µM). Cell cycle analysis demonstrated the ability of 17a to induce a cell cycle arrest of the HepG2 cells at the S phase and increase the total apoptosis by 3.5-fold. Moreover, 17a upregulated the expression levels of apoptotic markers caspase-3 and -9 by 6.9-fold and 3.7-fold, respectively. In addition, 17a increased the expression level of BAX by 2.7-fold while decreasing the expression level of Bcl-2 by 1.9-fold. The molecular docking simulations displayed enhanced binding interactions and similar placement as sunitinib inside the active pocket of VEGFR-2. The molecular modeling calculations showed that all the test compounds were in accordance with Lipinski and Veber rules for oral bioavailability and had promising drug-likeness behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa M. Hayallah
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, New Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arafa Musa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Elmowafy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdy M. Abdel-Rahman
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University, Assiut 2014101, Egypt
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17
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Azab AE, Alesawy MS, Eldehna WM, Elwan A, Eissa IH. New [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-c]quinazoline derivatives as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 inhibitors and apoptosis inducers: Design, synthesis, docking, and antiproliferative evaluation. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200133. [PMID: 35822666 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In continuation of our previous efforts in the field of design and synthesis of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-2 inhibitors, a new series of [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-c]quinazoline derivatives were designed and synthesized as modified analogs of some reported VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The synthesized compounds were designed to have the essential pharmacophoric features of VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Antiproliferative activities of the synthesized compounds were investigated against two tumor cell lines (HepG2 and HCT-116) using sorafenib as a positive control. Compound 10k emerged as the most promising antiproliferative agent with IC50 values of 4.88 and 5.21 µM against HepG2 and HCT-116 cells, respectively. Also, it showed the highest inhibitory activity against VEGFR-2 with an IC50 value of 53.81 nM compared to sorafenib (IC50 = 44.34 nM). Cell cycle analysis revealed that compound 10k can arrest HepG2 cells at both the S and G2/M phases. In addition, this compound produced a tenfold increase in apoptotic cells compared to the control. Furthermore, the effect of compound 10k on the expression level of BAX, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 was assessed. This compound caused a 3.35-fold increase in BAX expression levels and a 1.25-fold reduction in Bcl-2 expression levels. The BAX/Bcl-2 ratio was calculated to be 4.57, indicating a promising apoptotic effect. It also showed a significant increase in the level of caspase-3 (4.12-fold) compared to the control cells. In silico docking, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity, and toxicity studies were performed for the synthesized compounds to investigate their binding patterns against the proposed biological target (VEGFR-2) and to assess the drug-likeness characters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E Azab
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Alesawy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.,School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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18
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Adel M, Abouzid KAM. New fluorinated diarylureas linked to pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffold as VEGFR-2 inhibitors: Molecular docking and biological evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:106006. [PMID: 35820328 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A series of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine linked to diarylureas were previously discovered by our group as sorafenib fused congeners, which were endowed with more potent activity as inhibitors to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR2) than sorafenib. Based on these results and on the observation that the fluorinated regorafenib displayed higher VEGFR2 inhibitory activity relative to sorafenib. Therefore, in this study, we sought to develop more potent pyrrolopyrimidine surrogates through introduction of fluorine atom at the phenyl moiety near to the urea moiety mimicking regorafenib. We hypothesized that this would improve the compounds potency. Surprisingly, Compound9epossessed better VEGFR2 inhibitory activity (IC50 = 52.4 nM) compared to standard drug sorafenib, whereas compounds (9b,d and f) showed moderate inhibitory activity. The newly synthesized compounds were tested on 60 human cancer cell lines. Field alignment and a molecular docking study of these compounds into the inactive conformation of VEGFR2 was performed, and theoretical ADME properties were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Adel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, P.O. Box 11566, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Khaled A M Abouzid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, P.O. Box 11566, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
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19
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El-Sattar NEAA, El-Hddad SESA, Ghobashy MM, Zaher AA, El-Adl K. Nanogel-mediated drug delivery system for anticancer agent: pH stimuli responsive poly(ethylene glycol/acrylic acid) nanogel prepared by gamma irradiation. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:105972. [PMID: 35728290 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The popularity of nanogel as nano drug carrier lies in its adjustable physical properties, and the ability to encapsulate drug particles with improved properties is being developed to meet the diverse pH-sensitive nanogel for anticancer agent. Monitoring pH has been identified as an important diagnostic element during the treatment process. A pH-sensitive nanogel consisting of (PEG/PMAc) in the ratio of (50:50%) hasbeen cross-linkedby γ-irradiation techniques at an irradiation dose of 5 kGy. Compound 4 and its nanogel 5 were synthesized and assessed for their anticancer effects against HepG2, A549, MCF-7 and HCT-116 as dual VEGFR-2 and EGFR tyrosine kinases inhibitors. The molecular design was performed to investigate the binding mode of compound 4 with VEGFR-2 and EGFR receptors. Our compound 5 in nanogel showed enhanced anticancer activities against the four tested cancer cell lines and also showed higher inhibition activities against VEGFR-2 and EGFRT790M kinases than the derivative 4. Finally, our derivative 4 showed good in silico calculated ADMET profile. It was expected to show good GIT absorption in human, lower CNS side effects, no hepatotoxic actions and higher acute and oral chronic toxic doses in comparing to sorafenib and erlotinib. The obtained results showed that, our compound could be useful as a template for future design, optimization, adaptation and investigation to produce more potent and selective dual VEGFR-2/EGFRT790M inhibitors with higher anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour E A Abd El-Sattar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sanad Elaslam S A El-Hddad
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Omar Almukhtar University, Libya
| | - Mohamed M Ghobashy
- Radiation Research of Polymer Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box. 8029, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Zaher
- Main Laboratories, Chemical Ware Fare, Egyptian Army, Egypt
| | - Khaled El-Adl
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt.
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20
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Eissa IH, El-Haggar R, Dahab MA, Ahmed MF, Mahdy HA, Alsantali RI, Elwan A, Masurier N, Fatahala SS. Design, synthesis, molecular modeling and biological evaluation of novel Benzoxazole-Benzamide conjugates via a 2-Thioacetamido linker as potential anti-proliferative agents, VEGFR-2 inhibitors and apoptotic inducers. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1587-1599. [PMID: 35637622 PMCID: PMC9176662 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2081844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel series of 2-thioacetamide linked benzoxazole-benzamide conjugates 1-15 was designed as potential inhibitors of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). The prepared compounds were evaluated for their potential antitumor activity and their corresponding selective cytotoxicity was estimated using normal human fibroblast (WI-38) cells. Compounds 1, 9-12 and 15 showed good selectivity and displayed excellent cytotoxic activity against both HCT-116 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines compared to sorafenib, used as a reference compound. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 11 showed potent VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity. The cell cycle progression assay showed that 1 and 11 induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, with a concomitant increase in the pre-G1 cell population. Further pharmacological studies showed that 1 and 11 induced apoptosis and inhibited the expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins in both cell lines. Therefore, compounds 1 and 11 might serve as promising candidates for future anticancer therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Radwan El-Haggar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.,Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Mohammed A Dahab
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa F Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reem I Alsantali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nicolas Masurier
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Samar S Fatahala
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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21
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Aziz NAAM, George RF, El-Adl K, Mahmoud WR. Design, synthesis, in silico docking, ADMET and anticancer evaluations of thiazolidine-2,4-diones bearing heterocyclic rings as dual VEGFR-2/EGFR T790M tyrosine kinase inhibitors. RSC Adv 2022; 12:12913-12931. [PMID: 35496328 PMCID: PMC9045483 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01119k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fourteen recent thiazolidine-2,4-diones bearing furan and/or thiophene heterocyclic rings have been designed, synthesized and assessed for their anticancer activities against four human tumor cell lines HepG2, A549, MCF-7 and HCT-116 targeting both VEGFR-2 and EGFR tyrosine kinases. Molecular design was carried out to investigate the binding mode of the proposed compounds with VEGFR-2 and EGFR receptors. HepG2 was the most susceptible cell line to the influence of our derivatives. Compounds 5g and 4g revealed the highest activities against HepG2 (IC50 = 3.86 and 6.22 μM), A549 (IC50 = 7.55 and 12.92 μM), MCF-7 (IC50 = 10.65 and 10.66 μM) and HCT116 (IC50 = 9.04 and 11.17 μM) tumor cell lines. Sorafenib (IC50 = 4.00, 4.04, 5.58 and 5.05 μM) and elotinib (IC50 = 7.73, 5.49, 8.20 and 13.91 μM) were used as reference standards. Furthermore, the most active cytotoxic compounds 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 5d, 5e, 5f and 5g were selected to assess their VEGFR-2 inhibitory effects. Derivatives 5g, 4g and 4f were observed to be the highest effective derivatives that inhibited VEGFR-2 at the submicromolar level (IC50 = 0.080, 0.083 and 0.095 μM respectively) in comparison to sorafenib (IC50 = 0.084 μM). As well, compounds 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 5d, 5e, 5f and 5g were additionally assessed for their inhibitory activities against mutant EGFRT790M. Compounds 5g and 4g could interfere with the EGFRT790M activity exhibiting stronger activities than elotinib with IC50 = 0.14 and 0.23 μM respectively. Finally, our derivatives 4g, 5f and 5g showed a good in silico calculated ADMET profile. The obtained results showed that our compounds could be useful as a template for future design, optimization, adaptation and investigation to produce more potent and selective dual VEGFR-2/EGFRT790M inhibitors with higher anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada A A M Aziz
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development Cairo Egypt
| | - Riham F George
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Cairo 11562 Egypt
| | - Khaled El-Adl
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development Cairo Egypt .,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt
| | - Walaa R Mahmoud
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Cairo 11562 Egypt
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22
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Abdallah AE, Mabrouk RR, Elnagar MR, Farrag AM, Kalaba MH, Sharaf MH, El-Fakharany EM, Bakhotmah DA, Elkaeed EB, Al Ward MMS. New Series of VEGFR-2 Inhibitors and Apoptosis Enhancers: Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:587-606. [PMID: 35281317 PMCID: PMC8904266 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s344750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer is still a major world health threat, causing a high rate of mortality. VEGFR-2 inhibitor anticancer agents are of great significance. However, they showed some serious side effects. Purpose To discover new effective and safer anticancer agents, a new series of piperazinylquinoxaline-based derivatives was designed and synthesized on the basis of the pharmacophoric features of VEGFR-2 inhibitor drugs. Methods The new candidates were evaluated against A549 lung cancer cells, HepG-2 hepatoma cells, Caco-2 colon cancer cells, MDA breast cancer cells, and VEGFR-2 kinase. Moreover, cell cycle kinetics and apoptosis rates were studied in HepG-2 cells treated with compound 11, which was the most promising candidate. Results The new derivatives revealed better antitumor results (IC50 from 6.48 to 38.58 µM) against the aforementioned cancer cell lines than sorafenib. Also, the new candidates showed VEGFR-2 inhibition with IC50 values ranging from 0.19 to 0.60 µM compared to 0.08 µM for sorafenib. Compound 11, meanwhile, showed IC50 values equal to 10.61, 9.52, 12.45, 11.52, and 0.19 µM against the cancer cell lines and VEGFR-2, respectively. Moreover, compound 11 raised the apoptosis rate in HepG-2 cells from 5% to 44% and caused 4, 2.3, and 3-fold increases in BAX/Bcl-2 ratio, caspase-3 level, and P53 expression, respectively, compared to control untreated cells. Finally, the new derivatives displayed the correct binding mode into VEGFR-2 kinase pocket, giving interactions with the essential residues. Conclusion This work suggests that compound 11 is a very significant anticancer candidate, and piperazinylquinoxaline is an important scaffold in the development of new potential effective and safer VEGFR-2 inhibitor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah E Abdallah
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Reda R Mabrouk
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R Elnagar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Amel Mostafa Farrag
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Kalaba
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Sharaf
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Esmail M El-Fakharany
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab, Egypt
| | - Dina Abed Bakhotmah
- Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged Mohammed Saleh Al Ward
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
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23
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Alanazi MM, Elkady H, Alsaif NA, Obaidullah AJ, Alanazi WA, Al-Hossaini AM, Alharbi MA, Eissa IH, Dahab MA. Discovery of new quinoxaline-based derivatives as anticancer agents and potent VEGFR-2 inhibitors: Design, synthesis, and in silico study. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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24
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Elmaaty A, Darwish KM, Chrouda A, Boseila AA, Tantawy MA, Elhady SS, Shaik AB, Mustafa M, Al-karmalawy AA. In Silico and In Vitro Studies for Benzimidazole Anthelmintics Repurposing as VEGFR-2 Antagonists: Novel Mebendazole-Loaded Mixed Micelles with Enhanced Dissolution and Anticancer Activity. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:875-899. [PMID: 35036753 PMCID: PMC8757357 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and its incidence is unfortunately anticipated to rise in the next years. On the other hand, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) is highly expressed in tumor-associated endothelial cells, where it affects tumor-promoting angiogenesis. Therefore, VEGFR-2 is considered one of the most promising therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Furthermore, some FDA-approved benzimidazole anthelmintics have already shown potential anticancer activities. Therefore, repurposing them against VEGFR-2 can provide a rapid and effective alternative that can be implicated safely for cancer treatment. Hence, 13 benzimidazole anthelmintic drugs were subjected to molecular docking against the VEGFR-2 receptor. Among the tested compounds, fenbendazole (FBZ, 1), mebendazole (MBZ, 2), and albendazole (ABZ, 3) were proposed as potential VEGFR-2 antagonists. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations were carried out at 200 ns, giving more information on their thermodynamic and dynamic properties. Besides, the anticancer activity of the aforementioned drugs was tested in vitro against three different cancer cell lines, including liver cancer (HUH7), lung cancer (A549), and breast cancer (MCF7) cell lines. The results depicted potential cytotoxic activity especially against both HUH7 and A549 cell lines. Furthermore, to improve the aqueous solubility of MBZ, it was formulated in the form of mixed micelles (MMs) which showed an enhanced drug release with better promising cytotoxicity results compared to the crude MBZ. Finally, an in vitro quantification for VEGFR-2 concentration in treated HUH7 cells has been conducted based on the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results disclosed that FBZ, MBZ, and ABZ significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the concentration of VEGFR-2, while the lowest inhibition was achieved in MBZ-loaded MMs, which was even much better than the reference drug sorafenib. Collectively, the investigated benzimidazole anthelmintics could be encountered as lead compounds for further structural modifications and thus better anticancer activity, and that was accomplished through studying their structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman
Abo Elmaaty
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
| | - Khaled M. Darwish
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Amani Chrouda
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory
of Interfaces and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Sciences, Monastir University, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Amira A. Boseila
- Pharmaceutics
Department, Egyptian Drug Authority EDA
(Formerly Known as National Organization for Drug Control and Research
NODCAR) Dokki, Giza 12611, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Tantawy
- Hormones
Department, Medical Research Division, National
Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
- Stem
Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Sameh S. Elhady
- Department
of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afzal B. Shaik
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vignan Pharmacy College, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Vadlamudi 522 213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Muhamad Mustafa
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Al-karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal
Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
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25
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Elimam DM, Elgazar AA, El-Senduny FF, El-Domany RA, Badria FA, Eldehna WM. Natural inspired piperine-based ureas and amides as novel antitumor agents towards breast cancer. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 37:39-50. [PMID: 34894962 PMCID: PMC8667897 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1988944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the natural piperine moiety was utilised to develop two sets of piperine-based amides (5a–i) and ureas (8a–y) as potential anticancer agents. The anticancer action was assessed against triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) MDA-MB-231, ovarian A2780CP and hepatocellular HepG2 cancer cell lines. In particular, 8q stood out as the most potent anti-proliferative analogue against TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells with IC50 equals 18.7 µM, which is better than that of piperine (IC50 = 47.8 µM) and 5-FU (IC50 = 38.5 µM). Furthermore, 8q was investigated for its possible mechanism of action in MDA-MB-231 cells via Annexin V-FITC apoptosis assay and cell cycle analysis. Moreover, an in-silico analysis has proposed VEGFR-2 as a probable enzymatic target for piperine-based derivatives, and then has explored the binding interactions within VEGFR-2 active site (PDB:4ASD). Finally, an in vitro VEGFR-2 inhibition assay was performed to validate the in silico findings, where 8q showed good VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity with IC50 = 231 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diaaeldin M Elimam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.,School of Chemistry and Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Abdullah A Elgazar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Fardous F El-Senduny
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ramadan A El-Domany
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Farid A Badria
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
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26
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Alsaif NA, Mahdy HA, Alanazi MM, Obaidullah AJ, Alkahtani HM, Al-Hossaini AM, Al-Mehizi AA, Elwan A, Taghour MS. Targeting VEGFR-2 by new quinoxaline derivatives: Design, synthesis, antiproliferative assay, apoptosis induction, and in silico studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 355:e2100359. [PMID: 34862634 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Twelve new triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline-based compounds are reported as anticancer agents with potential effects against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), using sorafenib as a reference molecule. With sorafenib as the positive control, the antiproliferative effects of the synthesized compounds against MCF-7 and HepG2 cells, as well as their VEGFR-2-inhibitory activities, were assessed. The most powerful VEGFR-2 inhibitor was compound 14a, which had an IC50 value of 3.2 nM, which is very close to that of sorafenib (IC50 = 3.12 nM). Furthermore, compounds 14c and 15d showed potential inhibitory activity against VEGFR-2, with IC50 values of 4.8 and 5.4 nM, respectively. Compound 14a caused apoptosis in HepG2 cells and stopped the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. In HepG2 cells, it also increased the levels of the proteases caspase-3 and caspase-9, as well as the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. In silico ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) and toxicity experiments revealed that the synthesized agents had acceptable drug-likeness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawaf A Alsaif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad J Obaidullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad M Alkahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Al-Hossaini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A Al-Mehizi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Egypt
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27
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El-Adl K, Abdel-Rahman AAH, Omar AM, Alswah M, Saleh NM. Design, synthesis, anticancer, and docking of some S- and/or N-heterocyclic derivatives as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 355:e2100237. [PMID: 34862655 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Novel heterocyclic derivatives (4-22) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated against hepatocellular carcinoma type (HepG2) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cells, targeting the VEGFR-2 enzyme. Compounds 18, 10, 13, 11, and 14 were found to be the most potent derivatives against both the HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines, with GI50 = 2.11, 2.54 µM, 3.16, 3.64 µM, 3.24, 6.99 µM, 7.41, 6.49 µM and 8.08, 10.46 µM, respectively. Compounds 18 and 10 showed higher activities against both HepG2 and MCF-7 cells than sorafenib (GI50 = 9.18, 5.47 µM, respectively) and doxorubicin (GI50 = 7.94, 8.07 µM, respectively). Compounds 13, 11, and 14 showed higher activities than sorafenib against HepG2 cancer cells, but lower activities against MCF-7 cells. Compounds 18, 13, and 10 were more potent than sorafenib, inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) at GI50 values of 0.05, 0.06, and 0.08 µM, respectively. Compound 11 inhibited VEGFR-2 at an IC50 value of 0.10 µM, which is equipotent to sorafenib. Compound 14 inhibited VEGFR-2 at an IC50 value of 0.11 µM, which is nearly equipotent to sorafenib. The tested compounds have more selectivity against cancer cell lines. Compounds 18, 10, 13, 11, and 14 are, respectively, 16.76, 9.24, 6.06, 2.78, and 2.85 times more toxic in HePpG2 cancer cells than in VERO normal cells. Also, compounds 18, 10, 13, 11, and 14 are, respectively, 14.07, 8.02, 2.81, 3.18, and 2.20 times more toxic in MCF-7 than in VERO normal cells. The most active compounds, 10, 13, and 18, showed a good ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled El-Adl
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Asmaa M Omar
- Chemistry Department, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koam, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Alswah
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nashwa M Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, Al-Azhar University (Girls Branch), Cairo, Egypt
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28
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Alanazi MM, Alaa E, Alsaif NA, Obaidullah AJ, Alkahtani HM, Al-Mehizia AA, Alsubaie SM, Taghour MS, Eissa IH. Discovery of new 3-methylquinoxalines as potential anti-cancer agents and apoptosis inducers targeting VEGFR-2: design, synthesis, and in silico studies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1732-1750. [PMID: 34325596 PMCID: PMC8330740 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1945591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to design new anticancer agents that can prevent cancer cell proliferation even with minimal side effects. Accordingly, two new series of 3-methylquinoxalin-2(1H)-one and 3-methylquinoxaline-2-thiol derivatives were designed to act as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The designed derivatives were synthesised and evaluated in vitro as cytotoxic agents against two human cancer cell lines namely, HepG-2 and MCF-7. Also, the synthesised derivatives were assessed for their VEGFR-2inhibitory effect. The most promising member 11e were further investigated to reach a valuable insight about its apoptotic effect through cell cycle and apoptosis analyses. Moreover, deep investigations were carried out for compound 11e using western-plot analyses to detect its effect against some apoptotic and apoptotic parameters including caspase-9, caspase-3, BAX, and Bcl-2. Many in silico investigations including docking, ADMET, toxicity studies were performed to predict binding affinity, pharmacokinetic, drug likeness, and toxicity of the synthesised compounds. The results revealed that compounds 11e, 11g, 12e, 12g, and 12k exhibited promising cytotoxic activities (IC50 range is 2.1 - 9.8 µM), comparing to sorafenib (IC50 = 3.4 and 2.2 µM against MCF-7 and HepG2, respectively). Moreover, 11b, 11f, 11g, 12e, 12f, 12g, and 12k showed the highest VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities (IC50 range is 2.9 - 5.4 µM), comparing to sorafenib (IC50 = 3.07 nM). Additionally, compound 11e had good potential to arrest the HepG2 cell growth at G2/M phase and to induce apoptosis by 49.14% compared to the control cells (9.71%). As well, such compound showed a significant increase in the level of caspase-3 (2.34-fold), caspase-9 (2.34-fold), and BAX (3.14-fold), and a significant decrease in Bcl-2 level (3.13-fold). For in silico studies, the synthesised compounds showed binding mode similar to that of the reference compound (sorafenib).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elwan Alaa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nawaf A. Alsaif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad J. Obaidullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad M. Alkahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A. Al-Mehizia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan M. Alsubaie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S. Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H. Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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29
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Kassab AE, Gedawy EM, Hamed MIA, Doghish AS, Hassan RA. Design, synthesis, anticancer evaluation, and molecular modelling studies of novel tolmetin derivatives as potential VEGFR-2 inhibitors and apoptosis inducers. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:922-939. [PMID: 33896327 PMCID: PMC8079033 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1901089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel tolmetin derivatives 5a-f to 8a-c were designed, synthesised, and evaluated for antiproliferative activity by NCI (USA) against a panel of 60 tumour cell lines. The cytotoxic activity of the most active tolmetin derivatives 5b and 5c was examined against HL-60, HCT-15, and UO-31 tumour cell lines. Compound 5b was found to be the most potent derivative against HL-60, HCT-15, and UO-31 cell lines with IC50 values of 10.32 ± 0.55, 6.62 ± 0.35, and 7.69 ± 0.41 µM, respectively. Molecular modelling studies of derivative 5b towards the VEGFR-2 active site were performed. Compound 5b displayed high inhibitory activity against VEGFR-2 (IC50 = 0.20 µM). It extremely reduced the HUVECs migration potential exhibiting deeply reduced wound healing patterns after 72 h. It induced apoptosis in HCT-15 cells (52.72-fold). This evidence was supported by an increase in the level of apoptotic caspases-3, -8, and -9 by 7.808-, 1.867-, and 7.622-fold, respectively. Compound 5b arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, the ADME studies showed that compound 5b possessed promising pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa E. Kassab
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ehab M. Gedawy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Egypt
| | - Mohammed I. A. Hamed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S. Doghish
- Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Department of Biochemistry, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Egypt
| | - Rasha A. Hassan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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30
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Alsaif NA, Taghour MS, Alanazi MM, Obaidullah AJ, Al-Mehizia AA, Alanazi MM, Aldawas S, Elwan A, Elkady H. Discovery of new VEGFR-2 inhibitors based on bis([1, 2, 4]triazolo)[4,3- a:3',4'- c]quinoxaline derivatives as anticancer agents and apoptosis inducers. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1093-1114. [PMID: 34056992 PMCID: PMC8168755 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1915303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, a new wave of bis([1, 2, 4]triazolo)[4,3-a:3',4'-c]quinoxaline derivatives have been successfully designed and synthesised. The synthesised derivatives were biologically investigated for their cytotoxic activities against HepG2 and MCF-7. Also, the tested compounds were further examined in vitro for their VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity. The most promising derivative 23j was further investigated for its apoptotic behaviour in HepG2 cell lines using flow cytometric and western-plot analyses. Additional in-silico studies were performed to predict how the synthesised compounds can bind to VEGFR-2 and to determine the drug-likeness profiling of these derivatives. The results revealed that compounds 23a, 23i, 23j, 23l, and 23n displayed the highest antiproliferative activities against the two cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 6.4 to 19.4 µM. Furthermore, compounds 23a, 23d, 23h, 23i, 23j, 23l, 23 m, and 23n showed the highest VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities with IC50 values ranging from 3.7 to 11.8 nM, comparing to sorafenib (IC50 = 3.12 nM). Moreover, compound 23j arrested the HepG2 cell growth at the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis by 40.12% compared to the control cells (7.07%). As well, such compound showed a significant increase in the level of caspase-3 (1.36-fold), caspase-9 (2.80-fold), and BAX (1.65-fold), and exhibited a significant decrease in Bcl-2 level (2.63-fold).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawaf A. Alsaif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S. Taghour
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad J. Obaidullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A. Al-Mehizia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal M. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Aldawas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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31
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Alanazi MM, Eissa IH, Alsaif NA, Obaidullah AJ, Alanazi WA, Alasmari AF, Albassam H, Elkady H, Elwan A. Design, synthesis, docking, ADMET studies, and anticancer evaluation of new 3-methylquinoxaline derivatives as VEGFR-2 inhibitors and apoptosis inducers. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1760-1782. [PMID: 34340610 PMCID: PMC8344243 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1956488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) plays a critical role in cancer angiogenesis. Inhibition of VEGFR-2 activity proved effective suppression of tumour propagation. Accordingly, two series of new 3-methylquinoxaline derivatives have been designed and synthesised as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The synthesised derivatives were evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxic activities against MCF-7and HepG2 cell lines. In addition, the VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities of the target compounds were estimated to indicate the potential mechanism of their cytotoxicity. To a great extent, the results of VEGFR-2 inhibition were highly correlated with that of cytotoxicity. Compound 27a was the most potent VEGFR-2 inhibitor with IC50 of 3.2 nM very close to positive control sorafenib (IC50 = 3.12 nM). Such compound exhibited a strong cytotoxic effect against MCF-7 and HepG2, respectively with IC50 of 7.7 and 4.5 µM in comparison to sorafenib (IC50 = 3.51 and 2.17 µM). In addition, compounds 28, 30f, 30i, and 31b exhibited excellent VEGFR-2 inhibition activities (IC50 range from 4.2 to 6.1 nM) with promising cytotoxic activity. Cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction were investigated for the most active member 27a. Also, the effect of 27a on the level of caspase-3, caspase-9, and BAX/Bcl-2 ratio was determined. Molecular docking studies were implemented to interpret the binding mode of the target compounds with the VEGFR-2 pocket. Furthermore, toxicity and ADMET calculations were performed for the synthesised compounds to study their pharmacokinetic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim H. Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nawaf A. Alsaif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad J. Obaidullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael A. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah F. Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussam Albassam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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32
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Parmar DR, Soni JY, Guduru R, Rayani RH, Kusurkar RV, Vala AG, Talukdar SN, Eissa IH, Metwaly AM, Khalil A, Zunjar V, Battula S. Discovery of new anticancer thiourea-azetidine hybrids: design, synthesis, in vitro antiproliferative, SAR, in silico molecular docking against VEGFR-2, ADMET, toxicity, and DFT studies. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105206. [PMID: 34339975 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
With the aim to discover potent and novel antitumor agents, a series of thiourea compounds bearing 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)azetidine moiety were designed according to the essential pharmacophoric features of the reported VEGFR-2 inhibitors and synthesized. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity against various human cancer cell lines (lung (A549), prostate (PC3), breast (MCF-7), liver (HepG2), colon (HCT-116), ovarian (SKOV-3), skin (A431), brain (U251) and kidney (786-O)). 3-(4-Methoxy-3-(2-methoxypyridin-4-yl)phenyl)-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)azetidine-1-carbothioamide (3B) was found to be most potent member against PC3, U251, A431, and 786-O cancer cell lines with EC50 values 0.25, 0.6, 0.03, and 0.03 µM, respectively and showed more potency than Doxorubicin in PC3, A431, and 786-O cell lines. Compounds 1B to 7B showed EC50 values ranging from 0.03 to 12.55 µM in A431 cell line. Compound 3-(4-methoxy-3-(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)azetidine-1-carbothioamide (1B) was found to be highly efficient in A431 and 786-O cell line with EC50 values of 0.77 and 0.73 µM respectively. All the compounds exhibited good to moderate cytotoxic activity. The pharmacophoric features and molecular docking studies confirmed the potentialities of compounds 1B, 2B, 3B and 5B to be VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Moreover, in silico ADMET prediction indicated that most of the synthesized compounds have drug-like properties, possess low adverse effects and toxicity. In addition, the DFT studies for the most active compounds (1B and 3B) were carried out. In the end, our studies revealed that the compounds 1B and 3B represent promising anticancer potentialities through their VEGFR-2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa R Parmar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Madhav University, Abu Road, Sirohi, Rajasthan, India; Piramal Pharma Limited - Discovery Solutions, Plot no. 18, Pharmaceutical Special Economic Zone, Village Matoda, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Jigar Y Soni
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Madhav University, Abu Road, Sirohi, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Ramakrishna Guduru
- Piramal Pharma Limited - Discovery Solutions, Plot no. 18, Pharmaceutical Special Economic Zone, Village Matoda, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Rahul H Rayani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Madhav University, Abu Road, Sirohi, Rajasthan, India; Piramal Pharma Limited - Discovery Solutions, Plot no. 18, Pharmaceutical Special Economic Zone, Village Matoda, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh V Kusurkar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Madhav University, Abu Road, Sirohi, Rajasthan, India; Piramal Pharma Limited - Discovery Solutions, Plot no. 18, Pharmaceutical Special Economic Zone, Village Matoda, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Anand G Vala
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Madhav University, Abu Road, Sirohi, Rajasthan, India; Piramal Pharma Limited - Discovery Solutions, Plot no. 18, Pharmaceutical Special Economic Zone, Village Matoda, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Sahista N Talukdar
- In vitro Department, Piramal Pharma Limited - Discovery Solutions, Plot no. 18, Pharmaceutical Special Economic Zone, Village Matoda, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; Pharmacokinetics Drug Metabolism Department, Syngene Amgen Research Centre, Plot no. 1,2,3,4, and 5, Bommasandra Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra Industrial Area, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Vishwanath Zunjar
- School of Engineering and Technology, Navrachana University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Satyanarayana Battula
- Department of Chemistry, Uka Tarsadia University, Maliba campus, Bardoli, Gujarat, India
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33
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El-Dash Y, Elzayat E, Abdou AM, Hassan RA. Novel thienopyrimidine-aminothiazole hybrids: Design, synthesis, antimicrobial screening, anticancer activity, effects on cell cycle profile, caspase-3 mediated apoptosis and VEGFR-2 inhibition. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105137. [PMID: 34237644 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel hybrid compounds of hexahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine with aminothiazole scaffolds were synthesized. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against the NCI-60 human tumor cell line panel. Compounds 7c, 7d and 7e exhibited significant antiproliferative activities at 10-5 M dose. Compound 7c exhibited excellent cytotoxic activity against CNS cancer cell lines including SNB-75 and SF-295 as well as renal cancer cell line CAKI-1 when compared with sorafenib as standard anticancer drug. In addition, compound 7d showed almost comparable anticancer activity to sorafenib against SNB-75 cell line and displayed moderate activity against SF-295 and CAKI-1 cell lines in comparison to sorafenib. Compound 7c inhibited the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) with IC50 of 62.48 ± 3.7 nM and decreased both total VEGFR-2 and phosphorylated VEGFR-2 in treated SNB-75 cells suggesting its ability to down regulate cell proliferation, growth, and survival.. The flow cytometric analysis showed that 7c displayed its cytotoxic activity through the reduction of the cellular proliferation and induction of cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Compound 7c clearly boosted the level of the apoptotic caspase-3. All the synthesized compounds were also screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activity against four pathogenic strains of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative as well as Candida albicans. Only compound 7d exhibited antifungal activity against Candida albicans compared to nystatin as the standard antifungal compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara El-Dash
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Emad Elzayat
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr M Abdou
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Dokki 12622, Egypt
| | - Rasha A Hassan
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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34
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Discovery of new quinoxaline-2(1H)-one-based anticancer agents targeting VEGFR-2 as inhibitors: Design, synthesis, and anti-proliferative evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105105. [PMID: 34175720 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
VEGF/VEGFR2 pathway is the crucial therapeutic target in the treatment of cancer. So that, a new series of quinoxaline-2(1H)-one derivatives were designed and synthesized. The synthesized compounds were tested against three human cancer cell lines (HepG-2, MCF-7 and HCT-116) aiming to evaluate its anti-proliferative activities. Doxorubicin as a universal anticancer drug and sorafenib as a potent VEGFR-2 inhibitor were used as positive controls. The data obtained from biological activity were found highly correlated with that obtained from molecular modeling studies. The most sensitive cell line to the influence of our new derivatives was HCT-116. Compounds 13b, 15, 16e and 17b exert the highest cytotoxic activities against the tested cell lines. Overall, compound 15 was the most active member with IC50 values of 5.30, 2.20, 5.50 µM against HepG-2, MCF-7 and HCT-116, respectively. Compounds 15 and 17b showed better anti-proliferative activities than doxorubicin and sorafenib against the three cancer cell lines. Additionally, compound 16e showed better anti-proliferative activities than doxorubicin and sorafenib against HepG-2 and HCT-116 but exhibited lower activity against MCF-7 cell line. In addition, the most promising members were further evaluated for their inhibitory activities against VEGFR-2. Compounds 15 and 17b potently inhibited VEGFR-2 at lower IC50 values of 1.09 and 1.19 µM, respectively, compared to sorafenib (IC50 = 1.27 µM). Moreover, docking studies were conducted to investigate the binding pattern of the synthesized compounds against the prospective molecular target VEGFR-2.
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35
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Alanazi MM, Mahdy HA, Alsaif NA, Obaidullah AJ, Alkahtani HM, Al-Mehizia AA, Alsubaie SM, Dahab MA, Eissa IH. New bis([1,2,4]triazolo)[4,3-a:3',4'-c]quinoxaline derivatives as VEGFR-2 inhibitors and apoptosis inducers: Design, synthesis, in silico studies, and anticancer evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2021; 112:104949. [PMID: 34023640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A new series of bis([1,2,4]triazolo)[4,3-a:3',4'-c]quinoxaline derivatives were designed and synthesized to have the main essential pharmacophoric features of VEGFR-2 inhibitors. VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities were assessed for the designed compounds. In addition, cytotoxic activity was evaluated for all derivatives against two human cancer cell lines namely, HepG-2 and MCF-7. The most cytotoxic compound 20 h was subjected to further biological investigations including cell cycle, apoptosis, caspase-3, caspase-9, BAX, and Bcl-2 analyses. Different in silico studies as docking, ADMET and toxicity were carried out. The results exhibited that compounds 20b, 20e, 20h and20mshowed promising VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities with IC50values of 5.7, 6.7, 3.2, and 3.1 µM, respectively. Moreover, these promising members exhibited the highest antiproliferative activities against the two cell lines with IC50values ranging from 3.3 to 14.2 µM, comparing to sorafenib (IC50 = 2.17 and 3.43 µM against HepG2 and MCF-7, respectively). Additionally, compound 20h induced cell cycle arrest of HepG2 cells at G2/M phase. Also, such compound increased the progress of apoptosis by 3.5-fold compared to the control. As well, compound 20h showed a significant increase in the level of caspase-3 (2.07-fold), caspase-9 (1.72-fold), and BAX (1.83-fold), and a significant decrease in Bcl-2 level (1.92-fold). The in silico studies revealed that the synthesized compounds have binding pattern like that of sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Nawaf A Alsaif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad J Obaidullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad M Alkahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A Al-Mehizia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan M Alsubaie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Dahab
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
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36
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El-Metwally SA, Abou-El-Regal MM, Eissa IH, Mehany ABM, Mahdy HA, Elkady H, Elwan A, Elkaeed EB. Discovery of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-based derivatives as potent VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors and anti-cancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2021; 112:104947. [PMID: 33964580 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor-2 (VEGFR-2) is considered one of the most important factors in tumor angiogenesis, and consequently a number of anticancer therapeutics have been developed to inhibit VEGFR-2 signaling. Accordingly, eighteen derivatives of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines having structural characteristics similar to VEGFR-2 inhibitors were designed and synthesized. Anticancer activities of the new derivatives were assessed against three human cancer cell lines (HCT-116, HepG2, and MCF-7) using MTT. Sorafenib was used as positive control. Compounds 17c-i, and 20b showed excellent anticancer activities against HCT-116 and HepG2 cell lines, while compounds 17i and 17g was found to be active against MCF-7 cell line. Compound 17f exhibited the highest cytotoxic activities against the examined cell lines, HCT-116 and HepG2, with IC50 values of 2.80 ± 0.16 and 4.10 ± 0.45 µM, respectively. Aiming at exploring the mechanism of action of these compounds, the most active cytotoxic derivatives were in vitro tested for their VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity. Compound 17f showed high activity against VEGFR-2 with an IC50 value of 0.23 ± 0.03 µM, that is equal to that of reference, sorafenib (IC50 = 0.23 ± 0.04 µM). Molecular docking studies also were performed to investigate the possible binding interactions of the target compounds with the active sites of VEGFR-2. The synthesized compounds were analyzed for their ADMET and toxicity properties. Results showed that most of the compounds have low to very low BBB penetration levels and they have non-inhibitory effect against CYP2D6. All compounds were predicted to be non-toxic against developmental toxicity potential model except compounds 17b and 20b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad A El-Metwally
- Department of Basic Science, Higher Technological Institute, 10th of Ramadan City 228, Egypt
| | - Mohsen M Abou-El-Regal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Alaa Elwan
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
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37
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El-Adl K, Sakr H, El-Hddad SSA, El-Helby AGA, Nasser M, Abulkhair HS. Design, synthesis, docking, ADMET profile, and anticancer evaluations of novel thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2000491. [PMID: 33788290 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The anticancer activity of novel thiazolidine-2,4-diones was evaluated against HepG2, HCT-116, and MCF-7 cells. Among the tested cancer cell lines, HCT-116 was the most sensitive one to the cytotoxic effect of the new derivatives. In particular, compounds 18, 11, and 10 were found to be the most potent derivatives among all the tested compounds against the HepG2, HCT-116, and MCF-7 cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 38.76 to 53.99 µM. The most active antiproliferative derivatives (7-14 and 15-19) were subjected to further biological studies to evaluate their inhibitory potentials against VEGFR-2. The tested compounds displayed a good-to-medium inhibitory activity, with IC50 values ranging from 0.26 to 0.72 µM. Among them, compounds 18, 11, and 10 potently inhibited VEGFR-2 at IC50 values in the range of 0.26-0.29 µM, which are nearly three times that of the sorafenib IC50 value (0.10 µM). Although our derivatives showed lower activities than the reference drug, they could be useful as a template for future design, optimization, adaptation, and investigation to produce more potent and selective VEGFR-2 inhibitors with higher anticancer analogs. The ADMET profile showed that compounds 18, 11, and 10 do not violate any of Lipinski's rules and have a comparable intestinal absorptivity in humans. Also, the new derivatives could not inhibit cytochrome P3A4. Unlike sorafenib and doxorubicin, compounds 18, 11, and 10 are expected to have prolonged dosing intervals. Moreover, compounds 10 and 18 displayed a wide therapeutic index and higher selectivity against cancer cells as compared with their cytotoxicity against normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled El-Adl
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, El-Salam City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Helmy Sakr
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sanadelaslam S A El-Hddad
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Ghany A El-Helby
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Nasser
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hamada S Abulkhair
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt
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38
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Discovery of pyridine- sulfonamide hybrids as a new scaffold for the development of potential VEGFR-2 inhibitors and apoptosis inducers. Bioorg Chem 2021; 111:104842. [PMID: 33798847 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
New sulfonamide derivatives have been synthesized and tested as antitumor agents. All newly synthesized compounds were tested in vitro against 60 lines of human cancer cells. Compound VIIb shows broad-spectrum activity with a mean inhibition value of 91.67% against all cell lines. It exhibited potent anticancer activity with GI50 values of 1.06-8.92 μM relative to most of the tested cancer cell lines. Compound VIIb has been tested for enzyme inhibition activity toward vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, where VEGFR-2 was potently inhibited at a lower IC50 value of 3.6 μM, compared with sorafenib (IC50 = 4.8 μM). Hybrid VIIb was also able to induce cell cycle disturbance and apoptosis in Renal UO-31 cells, as shown by DNA flow cytometry and Annexin V-FITC/PI assays. It has also revealed lower Bcl-2 protein expression anti-apoptotic levels and higher BAX, p53, and caspases 3 expression levels.
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39
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Alsaif NA, Dahab MA, Alanazi MM, Obaidullah AJ, Al-Mehizia AA, Alanazi MM, Aldawas S, Mahdy HA, Elkady H. New quinoxaline derivatives as VEGFR-2 inhibitors with anticancer and apoptotic activity: Design, molecular modeling, and synthesis. Bioorg Chem 2021; 110:104807. [PMID: 33721808 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
New series of [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-4(5H)-one and [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline derivatives have been designed, synthesized, and biologically assessed for their anti-proliferative activities against two selected tumor cell lines MCF-7 and HepG2. Comparing to sorafenib (IC50 = 2.17 ± 0.13 and 3.51 ± 0.21 µM against MCF-7 and HepG2, respectively), compound 25d, 25e, 25i, and 27e exhibited the highest activities against the examined cell lines with IC50 values extending from 4.1 ± 0.4 to 11.7 ± 1.1 µM. Furthermore, VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities were assessed for all the synthesized compounds as potential mechanisms for their anti-proliferative activities. Compounds 25d, 25e, 25i, and 27e displayed prominent inhibitory efficiency versus VEGFR-2 kinase with IC50 value ranging from 3.4 ± 0.3 to 6.8 ± 0.5 nM. Fascinatingly, the results of VEGFR-2 inhibitory assays were matched with that of the cytotoxicity data, where the most potent anti-proliferative derivatives exhibited promising VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities. Further studies displayed the ability of compound 25d to induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells and can arrest the growth of such cells at the G2/M phase. Also, compound 25d produced a significant increase in the level of BAX/Bcl-2 ratio (3.8-fold), caspase- 3 (1.8-fold), and caspase-9 (1.9-fold) compared to the control cells. Molecular docking studies were carried out to investigate the possible binding interaction inside the active site of the VEGFR-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawaf A Alsaif
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed A Dahab
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M Alanazi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad J Obaidullah
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A Al-Mehizia
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal M Alanazi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Aldawas
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
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40
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Abdallah AE, Eissa SI, Al Ward MMS, Mabrouk RR, Mehany ABM, El-Zahabi MA. Design, synthesis and molecular modeling of new quinazolin-4(3H)-one based VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors for potential anticancer evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2021; 109:104695. [PMID: 33647743 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Globally cancer is the second leading cause of death. So that this work is an attempt to develop new effective anti-cancer agents. In line with pharmacophoric features of VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors, new nineteen quinazolin-4-one derivatives were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated for their potential anticancer activity. All target compounds were evaluated in vitro for VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase inhibition. Then, nine compounds of best results were further investigated by in vitro assay against three human cancer cell lines, namely HepG2, PC3 and MCF. N'-{2-](3-Ethyl-6-nitro-4-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinazoline-2-yl)thio[acetyl}benzohydrazide (36) was found to be the most potent candidate as it showed IC50 = 4.6 ± 0.06 µM against VEGFR-2 kinase. It also exhibited IC50 = 17.23 ± 1.5, 26.10 ± 2.2 and 30.85 ± 2.3 µg/mL against HepG2, PC3 and MCF, respectively. At the same time it showed IC50 = 145.93 ± 1.1 µg/mL against the normal human lung fibroblasts cell line (WI-38), indicating good selectivity index. Further investigation into HepG2 cell cycle showed the ability of compound 36 to induce apoptosis and arrest cell growth at G2/M phase. Moreover, docking studies demonstrated the ability of compound 36 to bind VEGFR-2 in a correct manner making three essential hydrogen bonds with the key residues Glu885, Asp1046 and Cys919. In sum, this work suggests that compound 36 can serve as a lead for development of effective anticancer agents targeting VEGFR-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah E Abdallah
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Sally I Eissa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy Al-Maareffa University for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged Mohammed Saleh Al Ward
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Reda R Mabrouk
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Ayman El-Zahabi
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
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41
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Sayed AM, Taher FA, Abdel-Samad MRK, El-Gaby MSA, El-Adl K, Saleh NM. Design, synthesis, molecular docking, in silico ADMET profile and anticancer evaluations of sulfonamide endowed with hydrazone-coupled derivatives as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2021; 108:104669. [PMID: 33515863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A new series of sulfonamide endowed with hydrazone coupled to dimethyl and/or diethyl malonates were prepared. Various sulfa drugs were diazotized and followed by coupling with active methylene of dimethyl and/or diethyl malonate to afford the new intermediates hydrazones 3a-c and 4a-c. The reactivity of hydrazone derivatives towards hydrazines was investigated. Thus, a novel series of 3,5-dioxopyrazolidine7a-cwere obtained by treatment with hydrazine hydrate. When hydrazones were allowed to react with phenyl hydrazine, the alkyl 2-((4-(N-(substituted)sulfamoyl)phenyl)diazenyl)-3-oxo-3-(2-phenylhydrazinyl)propanoateswere obtained 8a-c and/or 10a-c. Their anticancer activities were evaluated against HepG2, HCT-116 and MCF-7. HepG2 was the most sensitive one. In particular, compounds 7c, 7b and 10c were found to be the most potent derivatives with IC50 = 6.43 ± 0.5, 9.66 ± 0.8, 10.57 ± 0.9 µM, 8.65 ± 0.7, 7.49 ± 0.6, 14.29 ± 1.3 µM and 8.97 ± 0.7, 10.13 ± 0.9, 13.82 ± 1.1 µM respectively. Sorafenib and doxorubicin were used as reference drugs. The most potent derivatives 7a, 7b, 7c, 8c and 10c were tested for their cytotoxicity against normal VERO cell lines. Compounds 7a, 7b, 7c, 8c and 10c are respectively, 2.41, 4.85, 4.08, 3.23 and 5.89 fold times more toxic in HCT116 than in VERO normal cells. Moreover, the most active anti-proliferative derivatives 7a, 7b, 7c, 8c and 10c were subjected to further biological study to evaluate their inhibitory potentials against VEGFR-2. The tested compounds displayed high to good inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.14 ± 0.02 to 0.23 ± 0.03 µM. Among them, compounds 7c, 7b and 10c were found to be the most potent derivative that inhibited VEGFR-2 at IC50 values of 0.14 ± 0.02, 0.15 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.02 µM respectively. sorafenib was used as reference drug. Furthermore, ADMET profile was evaluated for the four most active compounds in comparison to doxorubicin as a reference drug. The data obtained from docking studies were highly correlated with that obtained from the biological screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M Sayed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls Branch), PO Box 11754, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma A Taher
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls Branch), PO Box 11754, Cairo, Egypt; Al-Azhar Technology Incubator (ATI), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammad R K Abdel-Samad
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Al-Azhar Technology Incubator (ATI), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S A El-Gaby
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University at Assiut, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Khaled El-Adl
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nashwa M Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls Branch), PO Box 11754, Cairo, Egypt.
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42
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Yousef RG, Sakr HM, Eissa IH, Mehany ABM, Metwaly AM, Elhendawy MA, Radwan MM, ElSohly MA, Abulkhair HS, El-Adl K. New quinoxaline-2(1 H)-ones as potential VEGFR-2 inhibitors: design, synthesis, molecular docking, ADMET profile and anti-proliferative evaluations. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02509k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Eleven new quinoxaline derivatives were designed and synthesized as modified VEGFR-2 inhibitors of our previous work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda G. Yousef
- Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Helmy M. Sakr
- Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H. Eissa
- Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed. B. M. Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A. Elhendawy
- Department of Agriculture Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Mohamed M. Radwan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A. ElSohly
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Hamada S. Abulkhair
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University – Egypt, International Costal Road, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Khaled. El-Adl
- Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt
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43
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Eissa IH, Ibrahim MK, Metwaly AM, Belal A, Mehany ABM, Abdelhady AA, Elhendawy MA, Radwan MM, ElSohly MA, Mahdy HA. Design, molecular docking, in vitro, and in vivo studies of new quinazolin-4(3H)-ones as VEGFR-2 inhibitors with potential activity against hepatocellular carcinoma. Bioorg Chem 2020; 107:104532. [PMID: 33334586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of new VEGFR-2 inhibitors were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anti-proliferative activities against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2 cell line). Compound 29b (IC50 = 4.33 ± 0.2 µg/ml) was found to be the most potent derivative as it has showed to be more active than doxorubicin (IC50 = 4.50 ± 0.2 µg/ml) and 78% of sorafenib activity (IC50 = 3.40 ± 0.25 µg/ml). The inhibitory profiles against VEGFR-2 were also assessed for the most promising candidates (16b, 20c, 22b, 24a, 24b, 28c, 28e, 29a, 29b and 29c). Compounds 29b, 29c and 29a exhibited potent inhibitory activities towards VEGFR-2 at IC50 values of 3.1 ± 0.04, 3.4 ± 0.05 and 3.7 ± 0.06 µM, respectively, comparing sorafenib (IC50 = 2.4 ± 0.05 µM). Furthermorer, compound 29b induced apoptosis and arrested the cell cycle growth at G2/M phase. Additionally, in vivo antitumor experiments revealed that compounds 29b and 29c have significant tumor growth inhibition. The test of immuno-histochemical expression of activated caspase-3 revealed that there is a time-dependent increase in cleaved caspase-3 protein expression upon exposure of HepG-2 cells to compound 29b. Moreover, the fibroblastic proliferative index test revealed that compound 29b could attenuate liver fibrosis. Docking studies also supported the results concluded from the biological screening via prediction of the possible binding interactions of the target compounds with VEGFR-2 active sites using the crystal structure of VEGFR-2 downloaded from the Protein Data Bank, (PDB ID: 2OH4) using Discovery Studio 2.5 software. Further structural optimization of the most active candidates may serve as a useful strategy for getting new lead compounds in search for powerful and selective antineoplastic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed K Ibrahim
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Amany Belal
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | | | - Mostafa A Elhendawy
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA; Department of Agriculture Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Radwan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A ElSohly
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
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44
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El-Adl K, Ibrahim MK, Khedr F, Abulkhair HS, Eissa IH. N-Substituted-4-phenylphthalazin-1-amine-derived VEGFR-2 inhibitors: Design, synthesis, molecular docking, and anticancer evaluation studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 354:e2000219. [PMID: 33197080 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In accordance with the significant impetus of the discovery of potent vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) inhibitors, herein, we report the design, synthesis, and anticancer evaluation of 12 new N-substituted-4-phenylphthalazin-1-amine derivatives against HepG2, HCT-116, and MCF-7 cells as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The results of the cytotoxicity investigation indicated that HCT-116 and MCF-7 were the most sensitive cell lines to the influence of the newly synthesized derivatives. In particular, compound 7a was found to be the most potent derivative among all the tested compounds against the three cancer cell lines, HepG2, HCT116, and MCF-7, with IC50 = 13.67 ± 1.2, 5.48 ± 0.4, and 7.34 ± 0.6 µM, respectively, which is nearly equipotent to that of sorafenib (IC50 = 9.18 ± 0.6, 5.47 ± 0.3, and 7.26 ± 0.3 µM, respectively). All synthesized derivatives, 4a,b-8a-c, were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against VEGFR-2. The tested compounds displayed high to low inhibitory activity, with IC50 values ranging from 0.14 ± 0.02 to 9.54 ± 0.85 µM. Among them, compound 7a was found to be the most potent derivative that inhibited VEGFR-2 at an IC50 value of 0.14 ± 0.02 µM, which is nearly 72% of that of the sorafenib IC50 value (0.10 ± 0.02 µM). Compounds 7b, 8c, 8b, and 8a exhibited very good activity with IC50 values of 0.18 ± 0.02, 0.21 ± 0.03, 0.24 ± 0.02, and 0.35 ± 0.04 µM, respectively. Molecular modeling studies were carried out for all compounds against the VEGFR-2 active site. The data obtained from biological testing highly correlated with that obtained from molecular modeling studies. However, these modifications led to new phthalazine derivatives with higher VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities than vatalanib and which are nearly equipotent to sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled El-Adl
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed-Kamal Ibrahim
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fathalla Khedr
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hamada S Abulkhair
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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El-Adl K, El-Helby AGA, Ayyad RR, Mahdy HA, Khalifa MM, Elnagar HA, Mehany ABM, Metwaly AM, Elhendawy MA, Radwan MM, ElSohly MA, Eissa IH. Design, synthesis, and anti-proliferative evaluation of new quinazolin-4(3H)-ones as potential VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 29:115872. [PMID: 33214036 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inhibiting VEGFR-2 has been set up as a therapeutic strategy for treatment of cancer. Thus, nineteen new quinazoline-4(3H)-one derivatives were designed and synthesized. Preliminary cytotoxicity studies of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against three human cancer cell lines (HepG-2, MCF-7 and HCT-116) using MTT assay method. Doxorubicin and sorafenib were used as positive controls. Five compounds were found to have promising cytotoxic activities against all cell lines. Compound 16f, containing a 2-chloro-5-nitrophenyl group, has emerged as the most active member. It was approximately 4.39-, 5.73- and 1.96-fold more active than doxorubicin and 3.88-, 5.59- and 1.84-fold more active than sorafenib against HepG2, HCT-116 and MCF-7 cells, respectively. The most active cytotoxic agents were further evaluated in vitro for their VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities. The results of in vitro VEGFR-2 inhibition were consistent with that of the cytotoxicity data. Molecular docking of these compounds into the kinase domain, moreover, supported the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled El-Adl
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Abdel-Ghany A El-Helby
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Rezk R Ayyad
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Khalifa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hamdy A Elnagar
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A Elhendawy
- Department of Agriculture Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt; National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Mohamed M Radwan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A ElSohly
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
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Saleh NM, El-Gaby MS, El‐Adl K, Abd El-Sattar NE. Design, green synthesis, molecular docking and anticancer evaluations of diazepam bearing sulfonamide moieties as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104350. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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El-Adl K, El-Helby AGA, Sakr H, Ayyad RR, Mahdy HA, Nasser M, Abulkhair HS, El-Hddad SSA. Design, synthesis, molecular docking, anticancer evaluations, and in silico pharmacokinetic studies of novel 5-[(4-chloro/2,4-dichloro)benzylidene]thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 354:e2000279. [PMID: 33073374 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The anticancer activity of novel thiazolidine-2,4-diones was evaluated against HepG2, HCT-116, and MCF-7 cells. MCF-7 was the most sensitive cell line to the cytotoxicity of the new derivatives. In particular, compounds 18, 12, 17, and 16 were found to be the most potent derivatives over all the tested compounds against the cancer cell lines HepG2, HCT116, and MCF-7, with IC50 = 9.16 ± 0.9, 8.98 ± 0.7, 5.49 ± 0.5 µM; 9.19 ± 0.5, 8.40 ± 0.7, 6.10 ± 0.4 µM; 10.78 ± 1.2, 8.87 ± 1.5, 7.08 ± 1.6 µM; and 10.87 ± 0.8, 9.05 ± 0.7, 7.32 ± 0.4 µM, respectively. Compounds 18 and 12 have nearly the same activities as sorafenib (IC50 = 9.18 ± 0.6, 5.47 ± 0.3, and 7.26 ± 0.3 µM, respectively), against HepG2 cells, but slightly lower activity against HCT116 cells and slightly higher activity against the MCF-7 cancer cell line. Also, these compounds displayed lower activities than doxorubicin against HepG2 and HCT-116 cells but higher activity against MCF-7 cells (IC50 = 7.94 ± 0.6, 8.07 ± 0.8, and 6.75 ± 0.4 µM, respectively). In contrast, compounds 17 and 16 exhibited lower activities than sorafenib against HepG2 and HCT116 cells, but nearly equipotent activity against the MCF-7 cancer cell line. Also, these compounds displayed lower activities than doxorubicin against the three cell lines. All the synthesized derivatives 7-18 were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against VEGFR-2. The tested compounds displayed high to medium inhibitory activity, with IC50 values ranging from 0.17 ± 0.02 to 0.27 ± 0.03 µM. Compounds 18, 12, 17, and 16 potently inhibited VEGFR-2 at IC50 values of 0.17 ± 0.02, 0.17 ± 0.02, 0.18 ± 0.02, and 0.18 ± 0.02 µM, respectively, which are nearly more than half of that of the IC50 value for sorafenib (0.10 ± 0.02 µM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled El-Adl
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Ghany A El-Helby
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Helmy Sakr
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rezk R Ayyad
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hazem A Mahdy
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Nasser
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hamada S Abulkhair
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Sanadelaslam S A El-Hddad
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Hadi SRAE, Lasheen DS, Soliman DH, Elrazaz EZ, Abouzid KA. Scaffold hopping and redesign approaches for quinazoline based urea derivatives as potent VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2020; 101:103961. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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El-Adl K, El-Helby AGA, Sakr H, Eissa IH, El-Hddad SSA, M I A Shoman F. Design, synthesis, molecular docking and anticancer evaluations of 5-benzylidenethiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives targeting VEGFR-2 enzyme. Bioorg Chem 2020; 102:104059. [PMID: 32653608 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Novel series of 5-benzylidenethiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives 4a-c-8a-f were designed, synthesized and evaluated for anticancer activity against HepG2, HCT-116 and MCF-7 cell lines. MCF-7 was the most sensitive cell line to the influence of the new derivatives. In particular, compound 8f was found to be the most potent derivative overall the tested compounds against the three HepG2, HCT116 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines with IC50 = 11.19 ± 0.8, 8.99 ± 0.7 and 7.10 ± 0.4 µM respectively. Compound 8f exhibited lower activity than sorafenib, (IC50 = 9.18 ± 0.6, 8.37 ± 0.7 and 5.10 ± 0.4 µM respectively), against HepG2 and HCT116 but exhibited nearly the same activity against MCF-7 cancer cell lines respectively. Also, this compound displayed lower activity than doxorubicin, (IC50 = 7.94 ± 0.6, 8.07 ± 0.8 and 6.75 ± 0.4 µM respectively), against HepG2 and HCT116 but nearly the same activity against MCF-7cell lines respectively. The most active derivatives 6c,d,f,g and 8a-f were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against VEGFR-2. The elongation of the structures to have distal moieties enhanced anticancer and VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities as in compounds 8a-f. Among them, compounds 8f was found to be the most potent derivative that inhibited VEGFR-2 at IC50 value of 0.22 ± 0.02 µM, which is nearly the half as that of sorafenib IC50 value (0.10 ± 0.02 µM). Furthermore, molecular design was performed to investigate their binding mode and affinities towards VEGFR-2 receptor. The data obtained from docking studies were highly correlated with that obtained from the biological screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled El-Adl
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Abdel-Ghany A El-Helby
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Helmy Sakr
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Fatma M I A Shoman
- MD in Clinical Pathology, Blood Bank Specialist, Blood Bank Directorate Manager, Ministry of Health, Cairo, Egypt
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El-Adl K, Sakr H, Nasser M, Alswah M, Shoman FMA. 5-(4-Methoxybenzylidene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione-derived VEGFR-2 inhibitors: Design, synthesis, molecular docking, and anticancer evaluations. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e2000079. [PMID: 32515896 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of 5-(4-methoxybenzylidene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives, 5a-g and 7a-f, was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anticancer activity against HepG2, HCT116, and MCF-7 cells. HepG2 and HCT116 were the most sensitive cell lines to the influence of the new derivatives. In particular, compounds 7f, 7e, 7d, and 7c were found to be the most potent derivatives of all the tested compounds against the HepG2, HCT116, and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Compound 7f (IC50 = 6.19 ± 0.5, 5.47 ± 0.3, and 7.26 ± 0.3 µM, respectively) exhibited a higher activity than sorafenib (IC50 = 9.18 ± 0.6, 8.37 ± 0.7, and 5.10 ± 0.4 µM, respectively) against HepG2 and MCF-7, cells but a lower activity against HCT116 cancer cells, respectively. Also, this compound displayed a higher activity than doxorubicin (IC50 = 7.94 ± 0.6, 8.07 ± 0.8, and 6.75 ± 0.4 µM, respectively) against HepG2 and MCF-7 cells, but nearly the same activity against HCT116 cells, respectively. All derivatives, 5a-g and 7a-f, were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). Among them, compound 7f was found to be the most potent derivative that inhibited VEGFR-2 at an IC50 value of 0.12 ± 0.02 µM, which is nearly the same as that of sorafenib (IC50 = 0.10 ± 0.02 µM). Compounds 7e, 7d, 7c, and 7b exhibited the highest activity, with IC50 values of 0.13 ± 0.02, 0.14 ± 0.02, 0.14 ± 0.02, and 0.18 ± 0.03 µM, respectively, which are more than the half of that of sorafenib. Furthermore, molecular docking was performed to investigate their binding mode and affinities toward the VEGFR-2 receptor. The data obtained from the docking studies highly correlated with those obtained from the biological screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled El-Adl
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Helmy Sakr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Nasser
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Alswah
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma M A Shoman
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Blood Bank Specialist, Blood Bank Directorate, Ministry of Health, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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