1
|
Nekić J, Stanković Matić I, Rački V, Janko Labinac D, Vuletić V, Kapović M, Ristić S, Peterlin B, Starčević Čizmarević N. CCR5 Δ32 and CTLA-4 +49 A/G Gene Polymorphisms and Interferon-β Treatment Response in Croatian and Slovenian Multiple Sclerosis Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7412. [PMID: 39000519 PMCID: PMC11242381 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of CCR5 Δ32 and CTLA-4 polymorphisms on the response to IFN-β treatment in our cohort of MS patients from Croatia and Slovenia. Genomic DNA was obtained from 295 MS patients (230 female; 65 male) classified as responders (n = 173) and non-responders (n = 122) based on clinical criteria for treatment efficacy. Genotyping was performed via PCR/PCR-RFLP. No significant differences in the genotype/allele frequencies of CCR5Δ32 and CTLA-4 +49 A/G were detected between male responders and non-responders. A significantly higher prevalence (p = 0.039) of the CTLA-4 +49 AA genotype was found in female responders (42.1%) compared to non-responders (28.9%). Using multiple forward regression analysis, the CTLA-4 +49 AA genotype significantly predicted a positive response to IFN-β therapy in females (p = 0.011) and contributed to 4.5% of response variability. Furthermore, the combined presence of the CCR5Δ32 wtwt/CTLA-4 +49 AA genotype significantly predicted a positive response to treatment in females (p = 0.025). The age at disease onset, pretreatment relapse rate, and baseline EDSS score were not reliable predictors of treatment response in MS patients. Our results indicate that the presence of the CCR5Δ32 polymorphism was not associated with the response to IFN-β treatment, whereas the CTLA-4 +49 polymorphism showed a positive correlation with an optimal response in female patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Nekić
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ivana Stanković Matić
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Valentino Rački
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | - Vladimira Vuletić
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Miljenko Kapović
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Smiljana Ristić
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Borut Peterlin
- Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nada Starčević Čizmarević
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Basile MS, Bramanti P, Mazzon E. The Role of Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081319. [PMID: 35893056 PMCID: PMC9394409 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system that presents heterogeneous clinical manifestations and course. It has been shown that different immune checkpoints, including Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4), can be involved in the pathogenesis of MS. CTLA-4 is a critical regulator of T-cell homeostasis and self-tolerance and represents a key inhibitor of autoimmunity. In this scopingreview, we resume the current preclinical and clinical studies investigating the role of CTLA-4 in MS with different approaches. While some of these studies assessed the expression levels of CTLA-4 on T cells by comparing MS patients with healthy controls, others focused on the evaluation of the effects of common MS therapies on CTLA-4 modulation or on the study of the CTLA-4 blockade or deficiency in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models. Moreover, other studies in this field aimed to discover if the CTLA-4 gene might be involved in the predisposition to MS, whereas others evaluated the effects of treatment with CTLA4-Ig in MS. Although these results are of great interest, they are often conflicting. Therefore, further studies are needed to reveal the exact mechanisms underlying the action of a crucial immune checkpoint such as CTLA-4 in MS to identify novel immunotherapeutic strategies for MS patients.
Collapse
|
3
|
Hosseini A, Gharibi T, Marofi F, Babaloo Z, Baradaran B. CTLA-4: From mechanism to autoimmune therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 80:106221. [PMID: 32007707 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CD28 and CTLA-4 are both important stimulatory receptors for the regulation of T cell activation. Because receptors share common ligands, B7.1 and B7.2, the expression and biological function of CTLA-4 is important for the negative regulation of T cell responses. Therefore, elimination of CTLA-4 can result in the breakdown of immune tolerance and the development of several diseases such as autoimmunity. Inhibitory signals of CTLA-4 suppress T cell responses and protect against autoimmune diseases in many ways. In this review, we summarize the structure, expression and signaling pathway of CTLA-4. We also highlight how CTLA-4 defends against potentially self-reactive T cells. Finally, we discuss how the CTLA-4 regulates a number of autoimmune diseases that indicate manipulation of this inhibitory molecule is a promise as a strategy for the immunotherapy of autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Hosseini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tohid Gharibi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Babaloo
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Spanier JA, Nashold FE, Nelson CD, Praska CE, Hayes CE. Vitamin D 3-mediated resistance to a multiple sclerosis model disease depends on myeloid cell 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 synthesis and correlates with increased CD4 + T cell CTLA-4 expression. J Neuroimmunol 2019; 338:577105. [PMID: 31731231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.577105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Microglial cell activation is the earliest biomarker of the inflammatory processes that cause central nervous system (CNS) lesions in multiple sclerosis. We hypothesized that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) production by activated microglia and macrophages in the CNS inhibits these inflammatory processes. To test this hypothesis, we targeted the Cyp27b1 gene specifically in myeloid cells, then analyzed the influence of disrupted myeloid cell 1,25-(OH)2D3 synthesis on vitamin D3-mediated resistance to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Myeloid cell 1,25-(OH)2D3 synthesis was essential for vitamin D3-mediated EAE resistance. Increased CTLA-4 expression in the CNS-infiltrating CD4+ Tconv and Treg cells and decreased splenic B cell CD86 expression correlated with resistance. These new data provide solid support for the view that vitamin D3 reduces MS risk in part through a mechanism involving myeloid cell 1,25-(OH)2D3 production and CTLA-4 upregulation in CNS-infiltrating CD4+ T cells. We suggest that CTLA-4 serves as a vitamin D3-regulated immunological checkpoint in multiple sclerosis prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin A Spanier
- Department of Medicine, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Faye E Nashold
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Corwin D Nelson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Corinne E Praska
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Colleen E Hayes
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu J, Zhang HX. CTLA-4 gene and the susceptibility of multiple sclerosis: an updated meta-analysis study including 12,916 cases and 15,455 controls. J Neurogenet 2014; 28:153-63. [PMID: 24665874 DOI: 10.3109/01677063.2014.880703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is a cell surface molecule involved in the regulation of T cells. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CTLA-4 gene are known to be associated with susceptibility to several autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aimed to evaluate the association between CTLA-4 and the risk of MS. Comprehensive meta-analysis was applied to case-control studies of the association between MS and CTLA-4 to assess the joint evidence for the association, the influence of individual studies, and evidence for publication bias. The authors searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and reference lists of relevant studies to September 2013. In all, the allele or genotype analysis showed no significant association between + 49A/G, - 318C/T, or CT60A/G and MS. And the subgroups of the three polymorphisms divided into Americas, Europe, and Asia showed no significant association with MS. The sensitivity analysis or publication bias analysis showed no significance. In conclusion, this comprehensive meta-analysis suggested that + 49A/G, - 318C/T, or CT60A/G polymorphism, either in total analysis or in subgroup analyses, has no significant association with MS disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xu HB, Yang H, Liu T, Chen H. Association of CTLA4 gene polymorphism (rs5742909) with cervical cancer: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:1605-8. [PMID: 24122201 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1221-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that CTLA4 polymorphism (rs5742909) is associated with susceptibility to cervical cancer. In the present study, we performed a meta-analysis to systematically summarize the possible association between rs5742909 and the risk for cervical cancer. We conducted a search of case–control studies on the associations of rs5742909 with susceptibility to cervical cancer in PubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Wanfang database in China, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. We extracted the data from eligible studies for meta-analysis. The association of cervical cancer risk with rs5742909 was estimated by pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs). There were four studies on rs5742909 and cervical cancer in our meta-analysis. Our results suggested that both T allele frequency (OR = 1.63, 95 % CI 1.06-2.50; P = 0.03) and (TT + CT) genotype distribution (OR = 1.72, 95 % CI 1.07-2.77; P = 0.03) of the rs5742909 were associated with risk for cervical cancer. This meta-analysis suggests that rs5742909 is associated with the risk of cervical cancer. Well-designed studies with larger sample size and more ethnic groups are required to further validate the results.
Collapse
|
7
|
e Silva MRMA, Moreira PR, da Costa GC, Saraiva AM, Souza PEAD, Amormino SAF, Costa JED, Gollob KJ, Dutra WO. Association ofCD28andCTLA-4gene polymorphisms with aggressive periodontitis in Brazilians. Oral Dis 2012; 19:568-76. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 07/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- MRMA e Silva
- Laboratory of Cell-Cell Interactions; Department of Morphology; ICB; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte; Brazil
| | - PR Moreira
- Laboratory of Cell-Cell Interactions; Department of Morphology; ICB; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte; Brazil
| | - GC da Costa
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Belo Horizonte; Brazil
| | - AM Saraiva
- Laboratory of Cell-Cell Interactions; Department of Morphology; ICB; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte; Brazil
| | - PEA de Souza
- Department of Pathology; Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte; Brazil
| | - SAF Amormino
- Laboratory of Cell-Cell Interactions; Department of Morphology; ICB; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte; Brazil
| | - JE da Costa
- Department of Clinical, Pathology and Surgery; School of Dentistry; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte; Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
A number of autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis, are mediated by self-reactive T cells that have escaped the deletional mechanisms of central tolerance. Usually, these T cells are kept at bay through peripheral tolerance mechanisms, including regulation through coinhibitory receptors and suppression by regulatory T cells. However, if these mechanisms fail, self-reactive T cells are activated and autoimmune responses ensue. This review outlines how the coinhibitory receptors CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4), PD-1 (programed death-1), Tim-3 (T-cell immunoglobulin- and mucin domain-containing molecule 3), and TIGIT (T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and ITIM domains) act at different checkpoints to inhibit autoreactive T cells and suppress the development of central nervous system autoimmunity. Loss of each of these receptors predisposes to autoimmunity, indicating a non-redundant role in maintaining peripheral tolerance. At the same time, their functional patterns seem to overlap to a large degree. Therefore, we propose that only the concerted action of a combination of inhibitory receptors is able to maintain peripheral tolerance and prevent autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Joller
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Anneli Peters
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Ana C. Anderson
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Vijay K. Kuchroo
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Csöngei V, Járomi L, Sáfrány E, Sipeky C, Magyari L, Polgár N, Bene J, Sarlós P, Lakner L, Baricza E, Szabó M, Rappai G, Melegh B. Interaction between CTLA4 gene and IBD5 locus in Hungarian Crohn's disease patients. Int J Colorectal Dis 2011; 26:1119-25. [PMID: 21519805 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-011-1202-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS The IGR2198a_1 and IGR2096a_1 variants of the IBD5 region were found to be associated with Crohn's disease (CD) in the Hungarian population, while IGR2230a_1 does not seem to confer risk for the disease. In the present study, our aim was to investigate the statistical interaction of these three IBD5 polymorphisms with the +49 A/G substitution within the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4) gene, detected previously as neutral gene variant in Hungarian IBD patients. METHODS A total of 305 unrelated subjects with CD and 310 healthy controls were genotyped with PCR-RFLP methods. RESULTS In contrast with single gene effects, after genotype stratification, the IGR2198a_1 C and IGR2096a_1 T variants were found to confer susceptibility only in subjects with CTLA4 +49 AA genotype (P = 0.008; OR = 1.86 and P = 0.016; OR = 1.74, respectively), for IGR2230a_1 no such effect on disease risk could be demonstrated. CONCLUSION Analysis of specific genotype combinations unfolded a possible association between the CTLA4 +49 A/G substitution and two of the observed IBD5 variants with respect to disease risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Csöngei
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Szigeti út 12, H-7624, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Čizmarević NS, Gašparović I, Peterlin B, Sepčić J, Rudolf G, Kapović M, Lavtar P, Ristić S. CTLA-4 +49 A/G gene polymorphism in Croatian and Slovenian multiple sclerosis patients. Int J Immunogenet 2011; 38:419-26. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2011.01027.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
11
|
Rahimifar S, Erfani N, Sarraf Z, Ghaderi A. ctla-4 gene variations may influence cervical cancer susceptibility. Gynecol Oncol 2010; 119:136-9. [PMID: 20615526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2010.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Revised: 05/30/2010] [Accepted: 06/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CTLA-4 is the key player of the immune tolerance. Particular genotypes of ctla-4 have been reported to be associated with various diseases. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the role of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ctla-4 gene in cervical cancer. METHODS 55 patients and 110 healthy controls were genotyped for four polymorphic loci, three in promoter region; -1722(T/C), -1661(A/G), -318(C/T) and one in exon 1; +49(A/G) using PCR-ARMS and -RFLP methods. RESULTS At position -1661 the frequency of A/A homozygote and A allele were lower in patients than in controls. (P=0.01, P=0.035; respectively), while at position -318 the frequency of C/C homozygote and C allele were increased in patients (P=0.021, P=0.025; respectively). These significances, however, do not stand the Bonferroni correction suggesting that the effect of multiple comparisons should not be ignored. The haplotype analysis demonstrated 9 haplotypes, of which, 5 were observed in both groups with no significant different frequencies. The TGTA haplotype, however, was only observed in control group (9.54%, p=0.002) and the TGCG haplotype was only occurred in cervical cancer patients (6.48%, p=0.0003). The differences were still significant after Bonferroni correction. CONCLUSION As a conclusion TGTA haplotype as well as A allele at position -1661 might imply a protective role whereas TGCG haplotype as well as C allele at locus -318 might render susceptibility to cervical cancer. Investigation of ctla-4 gene variants in other ethnic populations will consolidate the findings of this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Rahimifar
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
The intestine is subjected to a barrage of insults from food, bacterial flora, and pathogens. Despite this constant antigenic challenge, the mucosal tissues lining the intestinal tract remain largely under control. The mechanisms regulating the homeostatic balance in the gut have been investigated for many years by many groups, but the precise nature of the regulatory control remains elusive. In this review, we provide an overview of pathways proposed to be involved in dampening the inflammatory response and maintaining the homeostatic balance in the intestine, and how these pathways may be disrupted in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
Collapse
|
13
|
Yousefipour G, Erfani N, Momtahan M, Moghaddasi H, Ghaderi A. CTLA4 exon 1 and promoter polymorphisms in patients with multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand 2009; 120:424-9. [PMID: 19737153 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2009.01177.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The polymorphisms of exon 1 (+49 A/G) and promoter regions (-1722 T/C, -1661 A/G and -318 C/T)of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) and also haplotypes constructed from mentioned loci were investigated amongst 153 Iranian patients with definite multiple sclerosis (MS) and 190 healthy controls. METHODS The polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphisms and PCR-amplification refractory mutation system. The 4-locus haplotypes were estimated by Arlequin software (University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland). RESULTS Preliminary results showed significant increase of +49 G allele and -1661 AG genotype, as well as TGCA haplotype among patients than controls (P < 0.036, P = 0.009 and P < 0.010, respectively). The distribution of -1722 T/C, -1661 A/G, -318 C/T and +49 A/G (TACA) haplotype, from the contrary, was observed to be significantly increased among controls (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS After Bonferroni correction, the results provide preliminary evidence that CTLA4 genetic variation at -1661 locus may render Iranian individuals to be more susceptible to MS, whereas harboring TACA haplotype might be protective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Yousefipour
- Department of Neurology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kamesh L, Heward JM, Williams JM, Gough SCL, Chavele KM, Salama A, Pusey C, Savage COS, Harper L. CT60 and +49 polymorphisms of CTLA 4 are associated with ANCA-positive small vessel vasculitis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2009; 48:1502-5. [PMID: 19815671 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kep280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) are associated with ANCA-associated small vessel vasculitis (SVV). METHODS The CTLA-4 CT60 (exon 4), +49 (exon 1) and -318 (promoter region) genotypes were determined by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in 222 white Caucasians of UK origin with SVV and 670 ethnically matched controls. RESULTS The CTLA-4 exon 1 (+49) and 4 (CT60) polymorphisms are associated with SVV (+49: chi(2) = 10.965, P = 0.004; CT60: chi(2) = 12.017, P = 0.002). Both disease-susceptible and disease-protective haplotypes have been identified in this cohort, and their frequencies are similar in the subtypes of WG and microscopic polyangiitis. CONCLUSION This study provides further evidence that CTLA-4, a susceptibility locus for a number of common autoimmune diseases, may also be involved in the development of ANCA-associated SVV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Kamesh
- Renal Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Düzgün N, Duman T, Haydardedeoğlu FE, Tutkak H. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 polymorphism in patients with rheumatic heart disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 74:539-42. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01347.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
16
|
Oertelt S, Kenny TP, Selmi C, Invernizzi P, Podda M, Gershwin ME. SNP analysis of genes implicated in T cell proliferation in primary biliary cirrhosis. Clin Dev Immunol 2009; 12:259-63. [PMID: 16584111 PMCID: PMC2270736 DOI: 10.1080/17402520500317859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies on primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) have focused on
the role of T lymphocytes as potential effectors of tissue injury. We hypothesized
that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genes involved in lymphocyte
proliferation would be responsible for uncontrolled expansion of T cells and
autoreactivity. To address this, we genotyped DNA from 154 patients with PBC
and 166 ethnically matched healthy controls for SNPs of five candidate genes
(60G/A CTLA-4, 1858 C/T LYP, -IVS9 C/T foxp3, p1323 C/G ICOS and -9606 T/C
CD25) using a TaqMan assay. We report herein a statistically significant decrease in homozygosity rate
for the 60A⋆CTLA-4 allele in patients with PBC compared to controls (p = 0.0411).
Moreover, we found a significant association of the same allele and of the LYP⋆T
allele with anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA) serum negativity (p = 0.0304 and
0.0094, respectively). No association between any of the other studied SNPs and
PBC susceptibility, progression, or AMA status was observed. In conclusion, given
the high prevalence of SNPs in CTLA-4 detected in numerous autoimmune
diseases, we encourage a more detailed genetic analysis of this candidate gene.
Further, although obtained from a limited number of AMA-negative subjects, our
data suggest a potential genetic
heterogeneity for this specific subgroup of patients with PBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Oertelt
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Magyari L, Melegh B. [Susceptibility genetic variants in Hungarian morbus Crohn and ulcerative colitis patients]. Orv Hetil 2009; 150:81-8. [PMID: 19103559 DOI: 10.1556/oh.2009.28445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We examined several susceptibility genetic variants to inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis) in Hungarian population, such as the CARD15 R702W, G908R, 1007finsC genetic variants, the SLC22A4 C1672T and SLC22A5 G-207C variants and their determined TC haplotype, the CTLA4 gene A+49G genetic variant and the rs10889677 C/A, rs2201841 T/C, rs1884444 G/T variants of the IL23R gene. We examined 201 adult patients with Crohn's disease, 241 adult patients with ulcerative colitis and 19 pediatric patients with Crohn's disease. For control 235 adult and 49 pediatric subjects were used. The genotyping was carried out using PCR/RFLP methods and direct sequencing. From the CARD15 gene mutations in the adult Crohn's disease population the 1007finsC, while in the pediatric population the 1007finsC and the G908R were significantly associated with an increased risk for Crohn's disease. We found no significant differences comparing the results of the patients and the controls by the SLC22A4, SLC22A5 genetic variants and the TC haplotype. The A+49G variant of the CTLA4 gene was not an independent determinant to inflammatory bowel disease. We found that the IL23R gene variants, rs10889677 C/A and rs2201841 T/C appear to increase susceptibility to Crohn's disease. It depends on the different populations whether this genetic variant means an obligatory risk factor to inflammatory bowel disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Magyari
- Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Altalános Orvostudományi Kar, Orvosi Genetikai és Gyermekfejlodéstani Intézet, Pécs
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Karabon L, Kosmaczewska A, Bilinska M, Pawlak E, Ciszak L, Jedynak A, Jonkisz A, Noga L, Pokryszko-Dragan A, Koszewicz M, Frydecka I. The CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms are associated with CTLA-4 protein expression levels in multiple sclerosis patients and with susceptibility to disease. Immunology 2009; 128:e787-96. [PMID: 19740340 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2009.03083.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is an important molecule in the down-regulation of T-cell activation. A study was undertaken to evaluate the association of the CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms -319C/T, +49A/G, (AT)(n), CT60A/G and Jo31G/T with the levels of membrane CTLA-4 (mCTLA-4) and cytoplasmic CTLA-4 (cCTLA-4) in CD4(+) T lymphocytes from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and with susceptibility to MS, and the course of the disease. It was found that the Jo31GG and CT60GG genotypes were associated with decreased mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of total CTLA-4 (mCTLA-4 + cCTLA-4) molecules in CD4(+) T cells from both relapsing-remitting (RR) and secondary progressive (SP) MS patients compared with others. Consequently, possessing the Jo31G allele and/or the CT60G allele were associated with susceptibility to MS. The percentages of cells expressing mCTLA-4 and cCTLA-4 in RR patients were higher in carriers of the alleles non-predisposing to MS (namely CT60A and Jo31T), but the percentages of corresponding cells were unexpectedly significantly lower in SP patients than in RR patients. Increased risk of paresthesia and pyramidal signs as a first manifestation of disease, and earlier transition to the SP form in those patients, was also noted. It is hypothesized that the decreasing frequencies of cells expressing immunosuppressive mCTLA-4 and cCTLA-4 in carriers of alleles non-predisposing to MS (i.e. CT60A and Jo31T) may lead to inadequate down-regulation of ongoing T-cell responses in these patients and, as a consequence, earlier progression of disease from the RR form to the SP form.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Karabon
- Department of Experimental Therapy, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Martinez-Forero I, Pelaez A, Villoslada P. Pharmacogenomics of multiple sclerosis: in search for a personalized therapy. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2008; 9:3053-67. [DOI: 10.1517/14656560802515553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
20
|
Prahalad S, Bohnsack JF, Whiting A, Clifford B, Jorde LB, Guthery SL, Thompson SD, Glass DN, Bamshad MJ. Lack of association of functional CTLA4 polymorphisms with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 58:2147-52. [PMID: 18576317 DOI: 10.1002/art.23602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an autoimmune disorder mediated by Th1 immune responses. CTLA-4, expressed on the T cell surface, plays a negative role in regulating T cell activation. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CTLA4 have been implicated in susceptibility to several autoimmune disorders, including JIA. This study was undertaken to test 3 functional CTLA4 variants for association with JIA. METHODS Families of 531 children with JIA were genotyped for SNPs located in the promoter region (C-318T), exon 1 (A49G), and the 3'-untranslated region (CT60) of CTLA4 by polymerase chain reaction amplification and digestion. Family Based Association Testing (FBAT) was used to test CTLA4 SNPs and haplotypes for association with JIA. A second independent cohort of >300 children with JIA and >500 controls were genotyped for case-control analyses. Case-control analyses of the combined cohorts, as well as meta-analyses of published association studies of CTLA4 and JIA, were performed. RESULTS There were no deviations of transmission of any of the CTLA4 variants to children with JIA, or JIA subtypes, determined by FBAT. No significant associations between CTLA4 C-318T or A49G SNPs and JIA were found in 650 JIA cases and 350 controls. Similarly, no significant associations with CT60 variants were found in >800 JIA cases and >500 controls. The meta-analysis also failed to confirm an association between JIA and CTLA4 variants. CONCLUSION These results suggest that C-318T, A49G, CT60, and haplotypes tagged by these CTLA4 SNPs are not associated with JIA or major JIA subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sampath Prahalad
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84158-1289, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Svejgaard A. The immunogenetics of multiple sclerosis. Immunogenetics 2008; 60:275-86. [PMID: 18461312 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-008-0295-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2008] [Accepted: 03/31/2008] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The discoveries in the 1970s of strong associations between various diseases and certain human leukocyte antigen (HLA) factors were a revolution within genetic epidemiology in the last century by demonstrating for the first time how genetic markers can help unravel the genetics of disorders with complex genetic backgrounds. HLA controls immune response genes and HLA associations indicate the involvement of autoimmunity. Multiple sclerosis (MS) was one of the first conditions proven to be HLA associated involving primarily HLA class II factors. We review how HLA studies give fundamental information on the genetics of the susceptibility to MS, on the importance of linkage disequilibrium in association studies, and on the pathogenesis of MS. The HLA-DRB1*1501 molecule may explain about 50% of MS cases and its role in the pathogenesis is supported by studies of transgenic mice. Studies of polymorphic non-HLA genetic markers are discussed based on linkage studies and candidate gene approaches including complete genome scans. No other markers have so far rivaled the importance of HLA in the genetic susceptibility to MS. Recently, large international collaborations provided strong evidence for the involvement of polymorphism of two cytokine receptor genes in the pathogenesis of MS: the interleukin 7 receptor alpha chain gene (IL7RA) on chromosome 5p13 and the interleukin 2 receptor alpha chain gene (IL2RA (=CD25)) on chromosome 10p15. It is estimated that the C allele of a single nucleotide polymorphism, rs6897932, within the alternative spliced exon 6 of IL7RA is involved in about 30% of MS cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arne Svejgaard
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dittel BN. CD4 T cells: Balancing the coming and going of autoimmune-mediated inflammation in the CNS. Brain Behav Immun 2008; 22:421-30. [PMID: 18207698 PMCID: PMC2376206 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2007.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2007] [Revised: 11/14/2007] [Accepted: 11/16/2007] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of the inflammatory response is often viewed as very complex with many cellular players. The type of immune response generated is dependent upon the nature of the immune stimulation. In autoimmunity, one of the most important players is the CD4 T cell. The CD4 T cell lineage consists of a number of phenotypically and functionally distinct subsets. The unique functions of CD4 T cells are often mediated by soluble factors, which shape the nature of the immune response. In a T cell-mediated autoimmune response, such as in multiple sclerosis (MS), the CD4 T cell is thought to orchestrate and drive the immune response resulting in inflammation within the central nervous system (CNS). The extent of the inflammation must be tightly controlled or permanent tissue damage will occur. In MS, progressive debilitating disease is thought to be due to such damage. In addition to promoting inflammation, the CD4 T cell lineage also has the capacity to prevent and downmodulate inflammation. This is accomplished by specific CD4 T regulatory (Treg) cells and other regulatory feedback mechanisms. Thus although the complexity of the immune system is often viewed as too complicated for a nonimmunologist to fully understand, there are patterns that emerge that make the system clearer. One such pattern is the balance that the immune system must always maintain. A weak or slow immune response to a pathogen can lead to sickness and even death, while a too robust or uncontrolled immune response can lead to tissue damage, and for autoimmune diseases, ultimately death. How CD4 T cells maintain this balance will be discussed in the context of the CNS autoimmune disease MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie N. Dittel
- BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hadinia A, Hossieni SV, Erfani N, Saberi-Firozi M, Fattahi MJ, Ghaderi A. CTLA-4 gene promoter and exon 1 polymorphisms in Iranian patients with gastric and colorectal cancers. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007; 22:2283-7. [PMID: 18031393 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2007.04862.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is a potent immunoregulatory molecule that suppresses antitumor response by down-regulating T-cell activation. Effects of several polymorphisms in CTLA-4 on CTLA-4 expression and function have been previously documented. The aim of this study was to investigate the putative effect of CTLA-4 polymorphisms on susceptibility to gastric and colorectal cancers in an Iranian population. METHODS A total of 155 patients (109 with colorectal cancer and 46 with gastric cancer) and 190 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were evaluated. Genotyping of -1722T/C, -1661A/G, and +49A/G were performed by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism methods and of -318C/T by a PCR amplification refractory mutation system technique. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found in the genotype distribution and allele frequencies among patients and controls. Haplotype analysis demonstrated that the TACG haplotype (-1722T, -1661A, -318C, +49G) frequency was significant increased in patients with colorectal cancer (P = 0.009) and gastric cancer (P = 0.006) in comparison to the control group. In contrast, the TACA haplotype frequency was significantly decreased in patients with colorectal cancer (P = 0.02) and not significantly decreased in patients with gastric cancer (P = 0.13) compared to the control group. CONCLUSION A positive association between CTLA-4 TACG haplotype and gastric and colorectal cancers was found in an Iranian population. A protective role for TACA haplotype is postulated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abolghasem Hadinia
- Department of Immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Niino M, Fukazawa T, Kikuchi S, Sasaki H. Recent advances in genetic analysis of multiple sclerosis: genetic associations and therapeutic implications. Expert Rev Neurother 2007; 7:1175-88. [PMID: 17868016 DOI: 10.1586/14737175.7.9.1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have confirmed that genetic factors are a key component in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and that those determining MS susceptibility have been extensively studied. Many papers have been published regarding the heritable differences useful in genetic studies; these include variations in DNA, such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms, microsatellites and insertion/deletion polymorphisms. However, to date, among other regions, HLA is the only region confirmed to possess genes that determine MS susceptibility. In this article, we review the progress during the last 5 years in the studies on the susceptibility genes and the pharmacogenetics of MS. Newer techniques and methods of analysis will hopefully result in better screening of individuals who are at highest risk and novel treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Niino
- Department of Neurology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita-14, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Greve B, Simonenko R, Illes Z, Peterfalvi A, Hamdi N, Mycko MP, Selmaj KW, Rozsa C, Rajczy K, Bauer P, Berger K, Weissert R. Multiple sclerosis and the CTLA4 autoimmunity polymorphism CT60: no association in patients from Germany, Hungary and Poland. Mult Scler 2007; 14:153-8. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458507082357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in the CTLA4 gene region have been associated with susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. The recently described single nucleotide polymorphism CT60, located in the 3' untranslated region of CTLA4 is associated with Graves' disease, thyroiditis, autoimmune diabetes and other autoimmune diseases. A case-control association study was conducted in German, Hungarian and Polish multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and regional control individuals for the CTLA4 CT60 and + 49A/G polymorphisms. No significant association of these polymorphisms or respective haplotypes with MS was found. No association of CT60 genotypes with T cell expression of ICOS and CTLA-4 after in vitro stimulation was detected. Multiple Sclerosis 2008; 14: 153—158. http://msj.sagepub.com
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Greve
- Department of General Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany,
| | - Rostislav Simonenko
- Department of General Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Zsolt Illes
- Department of Neurology, University of Pecs, Hungary
| | | | - Nada Hamdi
- Department of General Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marcin P Mycko
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Krzysztof W Selmaj
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Csilla Rozsa
- Department of Neurology, Jahn Ferenc Teaching Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Rajczy
- Department of Immunogenetics, National Medical Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Bauer
- Institute of Anthropology and Human Genetics, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Berger
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Germany
| | - Robert Weissert
- Department of General Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Heggarty S, Suppiah V, Silversides J, O'doherty C, Droogan A, McDonnell G, Hawkins S, Graham C, Vandenbroeck K. CTLA4 gene polymorphisms and multiple sclerosis in Northern Ireland. J Neuroimmunol 2007; 187:187-91. [PMID: 17524498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2007.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2007] [Revised: 04/23/2007] [Accepted: 04/24/2007] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Four CTLA4 polymorphisms were investigated in a Northern Irish collection of relapsing-remitting (RR) and primary-progressive (PP) multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The CTLA4 promoter (-318 C/T), exon 1 (+49 A/G) and intergenic CT60 SNPs, as well as a microsatellite found in the 3' UTR (AT(n)) were analysed in 246 RRMS, 84 PPMS and 158 healthy controls. The A allele of the exon 1 +49 A/G SNP (OR=1.36; 95% CI=1.11-1.81; P=0.038), and more so the AA genotype (OR=1.70; 95% CI=1.11-2.60; P=0.015) were associated with RR, but not PPMS. In the PPMS population, overall allele distribution of the AT(n) microsatellite was significantly different from that in the healthy controls. We did not find any association with the promoter (-318 C/T) or intergenic CT60 SNPs in either of the disease cohorts. In concordance with several recent studies, we detected a trend toward higher carriage rates of the +49 G allele in PP vs RR MS patients (66.7% vs 58.9%), though this was not significant. Our data highlight the CTLA4 +49 A/G and 3'UTR polymorphisms as potential modifiers of disease course in MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Heggarty
- Applied Genomics Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Magyari L, Faragó B, Bene J, Horvatovich K, Lakner L, Varga M, Figler M, Gasztonyi B, Mózsik G, Melegh B. No association of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated gene CTLA4 +49A/G polymorphisms with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis in Hungarian population samples. World J Gastroenterol 2007; 13:2205-8. [PMID: 17465502 PMCID: PMC4146845 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i15.2205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: The goal of the current work was to analyse the prevalence of the +49A/G variant of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 gene (CTLA4) in Hungarian patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).
METHODS: A total of 130 unrelated subjects with CD and 150 with UC, and 170 matched controls were genotyped for the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). The genotypes were determined by using PCR/RFLP test.
RESULTS: The G allele frequency and the prevalence of the GG genotype were 38.1% and 12.3% in the CD group, 40.6% and 18.6% in the UC patients, and 37.4% and 15.9% in the control group, respectively.
CONCLUSION: The results of the current study show that carriage of the +49G SNP in heterozygous or in homozygous form does not confer risk either for CD or for UC in the Hungarian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Magyari
- Department of Medical Genetics and Child Development, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Szigeti 12, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Barcellos LF, Kamdar BB, Ramsay PP, DeLoa C, Lincoln RR, Caillier S, Schmidt S, Haines JL, Pericak-Vance MA, Oksenberg JR, Hauser SL. Clustering of autoimmune diseases in families with a high-risk for multiple sclerosis: a descriptive study. Lancet Neurol 2006; 5:924-31. [PMID: 17052659 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(06)70552-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune mechanisms are thought to have a major role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. We aimed to identify coexisting autoimmune phenotypes in patients with multiple sclerosis from families with several members with the disease and in their first-degree relatives. METHODS A total of 176 families (386 individuals and 1107 first-degree relatives) were characterised for a history of other autoimmune disorders. Family-based or case-control analyses were done to assess the association of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-antigen 4 (CTLA4) and protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPN22) variants with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis. FINDINGS 46 (26%) index cases reported at least one coexisting autoimmune disorder. The most common were Hashimoto thyroiditis (10%), psoriasis (6%), inflammatory bowel disease (3%), and rheumatoid arthritis (2%). 112 (64%) families with a history of multiple sclerosis reported autoimmune disorders (excluding multiple sclerosis) in one or more first-degree relatives, whereas 64 (36%) families reported no history of autoimmunity. Similar to index cases, Hashimoto thyroiditis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease were also the most common disorders occurring in family members. A common variant within CTLA4 was strongly associated with multiple sclerosis in families who had other autoimmune diseases (p=0.009) but not in families without a history of other autoimmune disorders (p=0.90). INTERPRETATION The presence of various immune disorders in families with several members with multiple sclerosis suggests that the disease might arise on a background of a generalised susceptibility to autoimmunity. This distinct multiple-sclerosis phenotype, defined by its association with other autoimmune diseases, segregates with specific genotypes that could underlie the common susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa F Barcellos
- School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Jasek M, Łuszczek W, Obojski A, Winiarska B, Hałubek K, Nowak I, Mańczak M, Wiśniewski A, Pawlik A, Jonkisz A, Lebioda A, Majorczyk E, Dobosz T, Kuśnierczyk P. Distribution of CTLA-4 polymorphisms in allergic asthma. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2006; 141:223-9. [PMID: 16926542 DOI: 10.1159/000095292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2006] [Accepted: 05/16/2006] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The CTLA-4 molecule is an important negative regulator of T cell activation. It is encoded on chromosome 2q33 and found to be associated with several allergic phenotypes including asthma. However, the association of CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms with allergic asthma is still controversial and therefore was the subject of this study. METHODS By PCR-RFLP, the distribution of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), -1147 C/T, -318 C/T, and +49 A/G, was examined in 219 Polish Caucasoid patients diagnosed with allergic asthma and in 102 ethnically matched healthy control individuals. (AT)(n) microsatellite polymorphism was also tested in the same individuals. RESULTS No statistically significant differences in SNPs or microsatellite allele, genotype or haplotype frequencies between patients and controls were found. CONCLUSION CTLA-4 polymorphisms do not seem to be a risk factor for allergic asthma in Poles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Jasek
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Luszczek W, Kubicka W, Jasek M, Baran E, Cisło M, Nockowski P, Luczywo-Rudy M, Wiśniewski A, Nowak I, Kuśnierczyk P. CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms and natural soluble CTLA-4 protein in psoriasis vulgaris. Int J Immunogenet 2006; 33:217-24. [PMID: 16712655 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2006.00600.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
CTLA-4 molecule is an important inhibitor of T-lymphocyte activation. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CTLA-4 gene were found, and their associations with many human diseases were described. So far, however, such studies have not been performed in psoriasis vulgaris in Caucasoids. Therefore, we examined the distribution of three CTLA-4 SNPs: -1147C/T, -318C/T and +49 A/G in 116 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 123 healthy blood donors using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. For all three SNPs, the frequencies of alleles, genotypes and three-point haplotypes were very similar in patients and controls, suggesting no contribution of these genetic variants to psoriasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Luszczek
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Clinical Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Harbo HF, Ekstrøm PO, Lorentzen AR, Sundvold-Gjerstad V, Celius EG, Sawcer S, Spurkland A. Coding region polymorphisms in T cell signal transduction genes. Prevalence and association to development of multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2006; 177:40-5. [PMID: 16764945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2006.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2005] [Revised: 03/31/2006] [Accepted: 04/26/2006] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We systematically assessed 53 genes involved in T cell signaling, among which 72 SNPs in 32 genes were reported in databases as causing non-synonymous amino acid substitutions. Screening of 41 of these SNPs in DNA pools from 4000 Norwegian controls showed that only 12 SNPs (29%) were polymorphic. These were tested for association to MS in DNA pools from 364 Norwegian MS patients. To eliminate sources of variance introduced by DNA pooling, the SNPs in the best-ranked PLCG1 as well as the PTPN22 gene were thereafter genotyped in individual MS and control samples, however, without finding evidence for association to MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanne F Harbo
- Institute of Immunology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Pearce SHS, Merriman TR. Genetic progress towards the molecular basis of autoimmunity. Trends Mol Med 2006; 12:90-8. [PMID: 16412690 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2005.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2005] [Revised: 11/25/2005] [Accepted: 12/22/2005] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The past few years have seen the identification of PTPN22 and the confirmation of CTLA-4 as common autoimmune disease genes. Together with MHC and INS, these developments have increased the collection of confirmed susceptibility loci for autoimmunity. In this article, the latest developments related to these genes and to other recently studied candidate autoimmune susceptibility loci (PDCD1, FCRL3, SUMO4, CD25, PADI4 and SLC22A4) are reviewed. Collectively, these genes strongly indicate that aberrant inhibition of the signalling cascade initiated by activation of the T-cell receptor is involved in the aetiology of autoimmune disease. However, much basic genetic, molecular and clinical research is still needed to help us fully understand the underlying mechanisms of autoimmunity and how these translate into prognosis or therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon H S Pearce
- Institute of Human Genetics, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Suppiah V, O'Doherty C, Heggarty S, Patterson CC, Rooney M, Vandenbroeck K. The CTLA4+49A/G and CT60 polymorphisms and chronic inflammatory arthropathies in Northern Ireland. Exp Mol Pathol 2005; 80:141-6. [PMID: 16248997 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2005.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2005] [Accepted: 09/09/2005] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (RA, JIA) are chronic inflammatory arthropathies with an autoimmune background. The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) protein plays a key role in the down-regulation of T cell activation. We analyzed the CTLA4 +49A/G and CT60 polymorphisms in cohorts of Northern Irish RA and JIA patients and healthy control subjects using restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. The +49 A allele was increased in RA (61.2%; P=0.02; OR=1.28; 95% C.I.=1.04-1.58) and JIA (61.8%; P=0.14) patients compared to the control population (55.3%). No significant association was observed for the CT60 polymorphism. Haplotype analysis revealed a significantly different distribution of +49 A/G-CT60 haplotypes in RA and JIA patients compared to controls (P value<0.00001 and 0.030 for comparison of RA and JIA patients with controls, respectively). Our results suggest that the CTLA-4 gene is involved in predisposition to inflammatory arthropathies in the Northern Irish population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Suppiah
- Applied Genomics Research Group, School of Pharmacy, McClay Research Centre, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|