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Baharara H, Ghasemi H, Samadi S, Roohshad B, Jomehzadeh V, Ravankhah Moghaddam K, Mohammadpour AH, Arasteh O. The effect of preconditioning agents on cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity of carbon monoxide poisoning in animal studies: a systematic review. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:256-270. [PMID: 35616381 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.2021931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a common intoxication and many people die yearly due to CO poisoning and preconditioning agents attenuate brain and cardiac injury caused by intoxication. It is critical to fully understand the efficacy of new methods to directly target the toxic effect of CO, such as conditioning agents, which are currently under development. This study aims to systematically investigate current evidence from animal experiments and the effects of administration preconditions in acute and late phases after CO poisoning on cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity. METHODS Four databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science) were systematically searched without language restrictions, and hand searching was conducted until November 2021. We included studies that compare preconditioning agents with the control group after CO poisoning in animals. The SYRCLE RoB tool was used for risk of bias assessments. RESULTS Thirty-seven studies were included in the study. Erythropoietin, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF), hydrogen-rich saline, and N-butylphthalide (NBP) were found to have positive effects on reducing neurotoxicity and cardiotoxicity. As other preconditions have fewer studies, no valuable results can be deduced. Most of the studies were unclear for sources of bias. DISCUSSION Administration of the examined preconditioning agents including NBP, hydrogen-rich saline, and GCSF in acute and late phases could attenuate neurotoxicity and cardiotoxicity of CO poisoned animals. For a better understanding of mechanisms and activities, and finding new and effective preconditioning agents, further preclinical and clinical studies should be performed to analyze the effects of preconditioning agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Baharara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hanieh Ghasemi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Samadi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bahar Roohshad
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Jomehzadeh
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Arasteh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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2
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Sakai H, Yasuda S, Okuda C, Yamada T, Owaki K, Miwa Y. Examination of central nervous system by functional observation battery after massive intravenous infusion of carbon monoxide-bound and oxygen-bound hemoglobin vesicles in rats. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 3:100135. [PMID: 36568263 PMCID: PMC9780079 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2022.100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is known as a toxic gas inducing "CO poisoning", which acutely affects the central nervous system (CNS) and which persistently affects brain functions depending on the exposure time and CO concentration. By contrast, in pathological rodent models, intravenous infusion of CO-bound hemoglobin vesicles (CO-HbV) has shown various beneficial effects such as anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory reactions. This study assessed effects of CO-HbV infusion on CNS using a functional observation battery, sensory reflexes, grip strength, and landing foot splay measurements. The test fluids were CO-HbV and O2-bound HbV (O2-HbV) suspended in saline ([Hb] = 10 g/dL), and saline alone for comparison. The rats received either 16 or 32 mL/kg of fluid intravenously at 1.5 mL/min/kg. Observations were made before infusion, and at 5 min, 4, 8, 24, 48 and 72 h after infusion. Massive doses of 16 and 32 mL/kg respectively corresponded to about 29 and 57% of the whole circulating blood volume (56 mL/kg). No toxicological effect was observed in any measurement item for any group in comparison to the control saline infusion group. Histopathological examination of hippocampal tissue at 14 days after infusion showed the number of necrotic cells to be minimal. Results obtained from rats in this experiment suggest that the massive intravenous infusion of CO-HbV yields beneficial anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects without showing CO-poisoning-related symptoms of CNS damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan,Corresponding author. Department of Chemistry, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan.
| | - Shunichi Yasuda
- Hashima Laboratory, Nihon Bioresearch Inc, Hashima, Gifu, Japan
| | - Chie Okuda
- Department of Chemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan,Department of Anesthesiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamada
- Hashima Laboratory, Nihon Bioresearch Inc, Hashima, Gifu, Japan
| | - Keita Owaki
- Hashima Laboratory, Nihon Bioresearch Inc, Hashima, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoji Miwa
- Hashima Laboratory, Nihon Bioresearch Inc, Hashima, Gifu, Japan
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3
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Cai M, Tang X. Human Archaea and Associated Metabolites in Health and Disease. Biochemistry 2022; 61:2835-2840. [PMID: 35770746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Trillions of microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses, live in or on the human body. Microbe-microbe and microbe-host interactions are often influenced by diffusible and microbe-associated small molecules. Over the past few years, it has become evident that these interactions have a substantial impact on human health and disease. In this Perspective, we summarize the research involving the discovery of methanogenic and non-methanogenic archaea associated with the human body. In particular, we emphasize the importance of some archaeal metabolites in mediating intra- and interspecies interactions in the ecological environment of the human body. A deep understanding of the archaeal metabolites as well as their biological functions may reveal in more detail whether and how archaea are involved in maintaining human health and/or causing certain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Cai
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tang
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
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4
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WANG FD, LI J, ZHAI X, CHEN R, WANG F. Methane-rich saline restores brain SOD activity and alleviates cognitive impairment in rats with traumatic brain injury. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.54921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jie LI
- Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Xu ZHAI
- Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Rui CHEN
- Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
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5
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Wang P, Dong Y, Zuo K, Han C, Jiao J, Yang X, Li J. Characteristics and variation of fecal bacterial communities and functions in isolated systolic and diastolic hypertensive patients. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:128. [PMID: 33902467 PMCID: PMC8077764 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02195-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension (HTN) is one of the major cardiovascular risk factors, which contributes to increasing target organ damages and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Isolated systolic HTN (ISH) and isolated diastolic HTN (IDH) are two important subtypes of HTN. Previous researches have demonstrated the alteration of fecal bacteria in HTN, but not down to these two sub-types. In order to identify whether the composition of bacterial taxa and functional modules shift in ISH and IDH, we performed a metagenomic sequencing analysis of fecal samples from 15 controls, 14 ISH, and 11 IDH. Results Compared with control and ISH, IDH patients showed decreased gene number, bacterial richness, and evenness, although the bacterial alterations did not reach statistical significance in the Shannon index. Also, at the genus level, the β-diversity for intestinal flora in IDH was distinguishable from those with ISH. Furthermore, the taxonomic composition of ISH or IDH was different from that of healthy control at genus and species levels. Patients with IDH or ISH were confirmed to be enriched with Rothia mucilaginosa, along with reduced Clostridium sp. ASBs410. Lastly, the altered KEGG modules were significantly decreased in IDH compared with the control group, such as sodium transport system; while for ISH, functions relevant to biotin biosynthesis were decreased. Conclusions Overall, our results showed the disordered fecal bacteria profiles in subjects with ISH and especially IDH, emphasizing the significance of early intervention for IDH. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-021-02195-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8th Gongtinanlu Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Ying Dong
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8th Gongtinanlu Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Kun Zuo
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8th Gongtinanlu Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Chunming Han
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8th Gongtinanlu Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Jie Jiao
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8th Gongtinanlu Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Xinchun Yang
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8th Gongtinanlu Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8th Gongtinanlu Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China.
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Del Moral-Barbudo B, Blancas R, Ballesteros-Ortega D, Quintana-Díaz M, Martínez-González Ó. Current and research therapies for the prevention and treatment of delayed neurological syndrome associated with carbon monoxide poisoning: A narrative review. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:765-772. [PMID: 31965860 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120901572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Severe carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning causes fulminant deaths in common environment as well as neurological sequelae to survivors. Prevention of delayed neurological syndrome (DNS) after exposure to CO, the most important sequela, is based up to date on hyperbaric oxygen administration. Nevertheless, its use remains controversial due to the lack of evidence regarding its efficacy. The aim of this review is to report therapies under investigation for preventing or improving DNS, some of them with promising results in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Blancas
- Alfonso X El Sabio University, Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain.,Critical Care Department, Del Tajo University Hospital, Aranjuez, Spain
| | - D Ballesteros-Ortega
- Alfonso X El Sabio University, Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain.,Critical Care Department, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - M Quintana-Díaz
- Alfonso X El Sabio University, Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain.,Critical Care Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ó Martínez-González
- Alfonso X El Sabio University, Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain.,Critical Care Department, Del Tajo University Hospital, Aranjuez, Spain
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Poles MZ, Juhász L, Boros M. Methane and Inflammation - A Review (Fight Fire with Fire). Intensive Care Med Exp 2019; 7:68. [PMID: 31807906 PMCID: PMC6895343 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-019-0278-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian methanogenesis is regarded as an indicator of carbohydrate fermentation by anaerobic gastrointestinal flora. Once generated by microbes or released by a non-bacterial process, methane is generally considered to be biologically inactive. However, recent studies have provided evidence for methane bioactivity in various in vivo settings. The administration of methane either in gas form or solutions has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in an array of experimental conditions, such as ischemia/reperfusion, endotoxemia and sepsis. It has also been demonstrated that exogenous methane influences the key regulatory mechanisms and cellular signalling pathways involved in oxidative and nitrosative stress responses. This review offers an insight into the latest findings on the multi-faceted organ protective activity of exogenous methane treatments with special emphasis on its versatile effects demonstrated in sepsis models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marietta Zita Poles
- Institute of Surgical Research, University of Szeged, Pulz u. 1., Szeged, H-6724, Hungary
| | - László Juhász
- Institute of Surgical Research, University of Szeged, Pulz u. 1., Szeged, H-6724, Hungary
| | - Mihály Boros
- Institute of Surgical Research, University of Szeged, Pulz u. 1., Szeged, H-6724, Hungary.
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Du JJ, Liu ZQ, Yan Y, Xiong J, Jia XT, Di ZL, Ren JJ. The Cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 Reduces Delayed Neurologic Sequelae After Carbon Monoxide Poisoning by Promoting Microglial M2 Polarization Through ST2 Signaling. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 70:422-432. [PMID: 31732924 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01429-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Delayed neurologic sequelae (DNS) are among the most serious complications of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning caused partly by elevated neuroinflammation. WIN 55,212-2, a non-selective agonist of cannabinoid receptors, has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory properties in various brain disorders. The anti-inflammatory action of WIN 55,212-2 is potentially associated with driving microglial M2 polarization. ST2 signaling is important in regulating inflammatory responses and microglial polarization. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of WIN 55,212-2 on DNS after CO poisoning and elucidate its relationship with ST2-mediated microglial M2 polarization. The behavioral tests showed that treatment with WIN 55,212-2 significantly ameliorates the cognitive impairment induced by CO poisoning. This behavioral improvement was accompanied by reduced neuron loss, decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and a limited number of microglia in the hippocampus. Moreover, WIN 55,212-2 elevated the protein expression of IL-33 (the ligand of ST2) and ST2, increased the ratio of CD206-positive (M2 phenotype) and ST2-positive microglia, and augmented production of M2 microglia-associated cytokines in the hippocampus of CO-exposed rats. Furthermore, we observed that the WIN 55,212-2-mediated increases in ST2 protein expression, CD206-positive and ST2-positive microglia, and microglia-associated cytokines were blocked by the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R) antagonist AM630 but not by the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) antagonist AM251. In contrast, the WIN 55,212-2-induced upregulation of the IL-33 protein expression was inhibited by AM251 but not by AM630. Altogether, these findings reveal cannabinoid receptors as promising therapeutic agents for CO poisoning and identify ST2 signaling-related microglial M2 polarization as a new mechanism of cannabinoid-induced neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Du
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Zhi-Qin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Yue Yan
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Xiao-Tao Jia
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Zheng-Li Di
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Jing-Jing Ren
- Department of Hematology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
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9
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Boros M, Keppler F. Methane Production and Bioactivity-A Link to Oxido-Reductive Stress. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1244. [PMID: 31611816 PMCID: PMC6776796 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological methane formation is associated with anoxic environments and the activity of anaerobic prokaryotes (Archaea). However, recent studies have confirmed methane release from eukaryotes, including plants, fungi, and animals, even in the absence of microbes and in the presence of oxygen. Furthermore, it was found that aerobic methane emission in plants is stimulated by a variety of environmental stress factors, leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Further research presented evidence that molecules with sulfur and nitrogen bonded methyl groups such as methionine or choline are carbon precursors of aerobic methane formation. Once generated, methane is widely considered to be physiologically inert in eukaryotes, but several studies have found association between mammalian methanogenesis and gastrointestinal (GI) motility changes. In addition, a number of recent reports demonstrated anti-inflammatory potential for exogenous methane-based approaches in model anoxia-reoxygenation experiments. It has also been convincingly demonstrated that methane can influence the downstream effectors of transiently increased ROS levels, including mitochondria-related pro-apoptotic pathways during ischemia-reperfusion (IR) conditions. Besides, exogenous methane can modify the outcome of gasotransmitter-mediated events in plants, and it appears that similar mechanism might be active in mammals as well. This review summarizes the relevant literature on methane-producing processes in eukaryotes, and the available results that underscore its bioactivity. The current evidences suggest that methane liberation and biological effectiveness are both linked to cellular redox regulation. The data collectively imply that exogenous methane influences the regulatory mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in oxidative and nitrosative stress responses, which suggests a modulator role for methane in hypoxia-linked pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihály Boros
- Institute of Surgical Research, Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Frank Keppler
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Zhang B, Gao M, Shen J, He D. Inhaled Methane Protects Rats Against Neurological Dysfunction Induced by Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury: PI3K/Akt/HO-1 Pathway Involved. Arch Med Res 2019. [PMID: 29525064 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) could produce excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn induce neurological dysfunction and inflammation in cerebral tissues. This study was designed to study the effect of methane on cerebral I/R injury. METHODS Fifty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used to induce an animal model of cerebral I/R injury. Methane was mixed with air to achieve a final concentration of 2.2%. Rats started to inhale methane-air mixture after ischemia and continued it during the reperfusion. The neurological deficits, malondialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the brain tissue were examined. The protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression was measured by Western Blot. The neurological deficits were re-measured after rats were treated with the HO-1 inhibitor Zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP-IX), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 and Akt inhibitor triciribine. RESULTS Cerebral I/R induced neurological deficit, which was significantly decreased by methane. MDA and TNF-α levels were significantly enhanced by cerebral I/R, while methane caused significant reduction of MDA and TNF-α levels. Methane significantly increased Akt phosphorylation and HO-1 expression. The HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP-IX, PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and Akt inhibitor triciribine all significantly abolished the effect of methane on neurological deficit. CONCLUSIONS This finding suggests the possible application of methane for cerebral I/R injury and PI3K/Akt/HO-1 dependent antioxidant pathway may be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baocheng Zhang
- Department of ICU, Jinshan Hospital afflitated to Fudan university, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingqiang Gao
- Department of Emergency, Jinshan Hospital afflitated to Fudan university, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of ICU, Jinshan Hospital afflitated to Fudan university, Shanghai, China.
| | - Daikun He
- Department of ICU, Jinshan Hospital afflitated to Fudan university, Shanghai, China
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11
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The human archaeome: methodological pitfalls and knowledge gaps. Emerg Top Life Sci 2018; 2:469-482. [PMID: 33525835 DOI: 10.1042/etls20180037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Forty years ago, archaea were described as a separate domain of life, distinct from bacteria and eukarya. Although it is known for quite a long time that methanogenic archaea are substantial components of the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and the oral cavity, the knowledge on the human archaeome is very limited. Various methodological problems contribute to the invisibility of the human archaeome, resulting in severe knowledge gaps and contradictory information. Similar to the bacteriome, the archaeal biogeography was found to be site-specific, forming (i) the thaumarchaeal skin landscape, (ii) the (methano)euryarchaeal GIT landscape, (iii) a mixed skin/GIT landscape in nose, and (iv) a woesearchaeal lung landscape, including numerous unknown archaeal clades. Compared with so-called universal microbiome approaches, archaea-specific protocols reveal a wide diversity and high quantity of archaeal signatures in various human tissues, with up to 1 : 1 ratios of bacteria and archaea in appendix and nose samples. The archaeome interacts closely with the bacteriome and the human body cells, whereas the roles of the human-associated archaea with respect to human health are only sparsely described. Methanogenic archaea and methane production were correlated with many health issues, including constipation, periodontitis and multiple sclerosis. However, one of the most burning questions - do archaeal pathogens exist? - still remains obscure to date.
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12
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Ye Z, Zhang N, Wu C, Zhang X, Wang Q, Huang X, Du L, Cao Q, Tang J, Zhou C, Hou S, He Y, Xu Q, Xiong X, Kijlstra A, Qin N, Yang P. A metagenomic study of the gut microbiome in Behcet's disease. MICROBIOME 2018; 6:135. [PMID: 30077182 PMCID: PMC6091101 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-018-0520-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behcet's disease (BD) is a recalcitrant, multisystemic inflammatory disease that can lead to irreversible blindness. Microbial agents have been considered to contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the association of gut microbiome composition with BD as well as its possible roles in the development of this disease. METHODS Fecal and saliva samples were collected from 32 active BD patients and 74 healthy controls. DNA extracted from fecal samples was subjected to metagenomic analysis, whereas DNA extracted from saliva samples was subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The results were used to compare the composition and biological function of the microbiome between patients and healthy controls. Lastly, transplantation of pooled fecal samples from active BD patients into B10RIII mice undergoing experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) was performed to determine the causal relationship between the gut microbiome and BD. RESULTS Fecal samples from active BD patients were shown to be enriched in Bilophila spp., a sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and several opportunistic pathogens (e.g., Parabacteroides spp. and Paraprevotella spp.) along with a lower level of butyrate-producing bacteria (BPB) Clostridium spp. and methanogens (Methanoculleus spp. Methanomethylophilus spp.). Analysis of microbial functions revealed that capsular polysaccharide transport system, oxidation-reduction process, type III, and type IV secretion systems were also increased in active BD patients. Network analysis showed that the BD-enriched SRB and opportunistic pathogens were positively correlated with each other, but they were negatively associated with the BPB and methanogens. Animal experiments revealed that fecal microbiota transplantation with feces from BD patients significantly exacerbated EAU activity and increased the production of inflammatory cytokines including IL-17 and IFN-γ. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that BD is associated with considerable gut microbiome changes, which is corroborated by a mouse study of fecal microbiota transplants. A model explaining the association of the gut microbiome composition with BD pathogenesis is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Ye
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Realbio Genomics Institute, Shanghai, 201114, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Qingfeng Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinyue Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Liping Du
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qingfeng Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jihong Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chunjiang Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shengping Hou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yue He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Realbio Genomics Institute, Shanghai, 201114, China
- Shenzhen Jinrui Biotechnology, Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xiao Xiong
- Realbio Genomics Institute, Shanghai, 201114, China
| | - Aize Kijlstra
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nan Qin
- Realbio Genomics Institute, Shanghai, 201114, China
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Peizeng Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Methane Medicine: A Rising Star Gas with Powerful Anti-Inflammation, Antioxidant, and Antiapoptosis Properties. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1912746. [PMID: 29743971 PMCID: PMC5878870 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1912746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Methane, the simplest organic compound, was deemed to have little physiological action for decades. However, recently, many basic studies have discovered that methane has several important biological effects that can protect cells and organs from inflammation, oxidant, and apoptosis. Heretofore, there are two delivery methods that have been applied to researches and have been proved to be feasible, including the inhalation of methane gas and injection with the methane-rich saline. This review studies on the clinical development of methane and discusses about the mechanism behind these protective effects. As a new field in gas medicine, this study also comes up with some problems and prospects on methane and further studies.
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Mészáros AT, Büki T, Fazekas B, Tuboly E, Horváth K, Poles MZ, Szűcs S, Varga G, Kaszaki J, Boros M. Inhalation of methane preserves the epithelial barrier during ischemia and reperfusion in the rat small intestine. Surgery 2017; 161:1696-1709. [PMID: 28242089 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2016.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methane is part of the gaseous environment of the intestinal lumen. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the bioactivity of exogenous methane on the intestinal barrier function in an antigen-independent model of acute inflammation. METHODS Anesthetized rats underwent sham operation or 45-min occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery. A normoxic methane (2.2%)-air mixture was inhaled for 15 min at the end of ischemia and at the beginning of a 60-min or 180-min reperfusion. The integrity of the epithelial barrier of the ileum was assessed by determining the lumen-to-blood clearance of fluorescent dextran, while microvascular permeability changes were detected by the Evans blue technique. Tissue levels of superoxide, nitrotyrosine, myeloperoxidase, and endothelin-1 were measured, the superficial mucosal damage was visualized and quantified, and the serosal microcirculation and mesenteric flow was recorded. Erythrocyte deformability and aggregation were tested in vitro. RESULTS Reperfusion significantly increased epithelial permeability, worsened macro- and microcirculation, increased the production of proinflammatory mediators, and resulted in a rapid loss of the epithelium. Exogenous normoxic methane inhalation maintained the superficial mucosal structure, decreased epithelial permeability, and improved local microcirculation, with a decrease in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generation. Both the deformability and aggregation of erythrocytes improved with incubation of methane. CONCLUSION Normoxic methane decreases the signs of oxidative and nitrosative stress, improves tissue microcirculation, and thus appears to modulate the ischemia-reperfusion-induced epithelial permeability changes. These findings suggest that the administration of exogenous methane may be a useful strategy for maintaining the integrity of the mucosa sustaining an oxido-reductive attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- András T Mészáros
- University of Szeged, Institute of Surgical Research, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Büki
- University of Szeged, Institute of Surgical Research, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Borbála Fazekas
- University of Szeged, Institute of Surgical Research, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eszter Tuboly
- University of Szeged, Institute of Surgical Research, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kitti Horváth
- University of Szeged, Institute of Surgical Research, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Marietta Z Poles
- University of Szeged, Institute of Surgical Research, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Szűcs
- University of Szeged, Institute of Surgical Research, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Varga
- University of Szeged, Institute of Surgical Research, Szeged, Hungary
| | - József Kaszaki
- University of Szeged, Institute of Surgical Research, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mihály Boros
- University of Szeged, Institute of Surgical Research, Szeged, Hungary.
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15
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England JD. Editor's update and selected articles from the Journal of the Neurological Sciences. J Neurol Sci 2017; 373:45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Wang L, Yao Y, He R, Meng Y, Li N, Zhang D, Xu J, Chen O, Cui J, Bian J, Zhang Y, Chen G, Deng X. Methane ameliorates spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats: Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activity mediated by Nrf2 activation. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 103:69-86. [PMID: 28007572 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Methane is reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. We investigated the potential neuroprotective effects of methane-rich saline (MS) on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury and determined that its therapeutic benefits are associated with the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Rats received 9min of spinal cord ischemia induced by occlusion of the descending thoracic aorta plus systemic hypotension followed by a single MS treatment (10ml/kg, ip) and 72h reperfusion. MS treatment attenuated motor sensory deficits and produced high concentrations of methane in spinal cords during reperfusion, which increased Nrf2 expression and transcriptional activity in neurons, microglia and astrocytes in the ventral, intermediate and dorsal gray matter of lumbar segments. Heme oxygenase-1, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione were upregulated; and glutathione disulfide, superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine and 3-nitrotyrosine were downregulated in MS-treated spinal cords. MS treatment reduced neuronal apoptosis in gray matter zones, which was consistent with the suppression of cytochrome c release to the cytosol from the mitochondria and the activation of caspase-9 and -3. Throughout the gray matter, the activation of microglia and astrocytes was inhibited; the nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B p65 was reduced; and tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1β, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and myeloperoxidase were decreased. MS treatment attenuated blood-spinal cord barrier dysfunction by preventing the expression and activity of matrix metallopeptidase-9 and disrupting tight junction proteins. Consecutive intrathecal injection of specific siRNAs targeting Nrf2 at 24-h intervals 3 days before ischemia reduced the beneficial effects of MS. Our data indicate that MS treatment prevents IR-induced spinal cord damage via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities that involve the activation of Nrf2 signaling. Thus, methane may serve as a novel promising therapeutic agent for treating ischemic spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fuzhou General Hospital of PLA, Fuzhou 350025, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinyi People's Hospital, Xinyi 221400, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajun Xu
- Department of Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Ouyang Chen
- Department of Navy Aviation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Cui
- Graduate Management Unit, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjun Bian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fuzhou General Hospital of PLA, Fuzhou 350025, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoming Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
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Çorbacıoğlu ŞK. New potential-treatment options in brain injury due to acute carbon monoxide poisoning in future. J Neurol Sci 2016; 369:292-293. [PMID: 27653911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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