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Whittaker JL, Kalsoum R, Bilzon J, Conaghan PG, Crossley K, Dodge GR, Getgood A, Li X, Losina E, Mason DJ, Pietrosimone B, Risberg MA, Roemer F, Felson D, Culvenor AG, Meuffels D, Gerwin N, Simon LS, Lohmander LS, Englund M, Watt FE. Toward designing human intervention studies to prevent osteoarthritis after knee injury: A report from an interdisciplinary OARSI 2023 workshop. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2024; 6:100449. [PMID: 38440780 PMCID: PMC10910316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2024.100449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The global impact of osteoarthritis is growing. Currently no disease modifying osteoarthritis drugs/therapies exist, increasing the need for preventative strategies. Knee injuries have a high prevalence, distinct onset, and strong independent association with post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Numerous groups are embarking upon research that will culminate in clinical trials to assess the effect of interventions to prevent knee PTOA despite challenges and lack of consensus about trial design in this population. Our objectives were to improve awareness of knee PTOA prevention trial design and discuss state-of-the art methods to address the unique opportunities and challenges of these studies. Design An international interdisciplinary group developed a workshop, hosted at the 2023 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Congress. Here we summarize the workshop content and outputs, with the goal of moving the field of PTOA prevention trial design forward. Results Workshop highlights included discussions about target population (considering risk, homogeneity, and possibility of modifying osteoarthritis outcome); target treatment (considering delivery, timing, feasibility and effectiveness); comparators (usual care, placebo), and primary symptomatic outcomes considering surrogates and the importance of knee function and symptoms other than pain to this population. Conclusions Opportunities to test multimodal PTOA prevention interventions across preclinical models and clinical trials exist. As improving symptomatic outcomes aligns with patient and regulator priorities, co-primary symptomatic (single or aggregate/multidimensional outcome considering function and symptoms beyond pain) and structural/physiological outcomes may be appropriate for these trials. To ensure PTOA prevention trials are relevant and acceptable to all stakeholders, future research should address critical knowledge gaps and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackie L. Whittaker
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Raneem Kalsoum
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - James Bilzon
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, UK
| | - Philip G. Conaghan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
| | - Kay Crossley
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - George R. Dodge
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Mechano Therapeutics LLC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alan Getgood
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Institute, Fowler Kennedy Sport Medicine Clinic, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Program of Advanced Musculoskeletal Imaging (PAMI), Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA
| | - Elena Losina
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Deborah J. Mason
- Biomechanics and Bioengineering Research Centre Versus Arthritis, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Brian Pietrosimone
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, USA
| | - May Arna Risberg
- Norwegian School Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frank Roemer
- Department of Radiology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen & Friedrich- Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Felson
- Section of Rheumatology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adam G. Culvenor
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Duncan Meuffels
- Orthopedic and Sport Medicine Department, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - L. Stefan Lohmander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Martin Englund
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Fiona E. Watt
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis Versus Arthritis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, UK
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Kim J, Ryu G, Seo J, Go M, Kim G, Yi S, Kim S, Lee H, Lee JY, Kim HS, Park MC, Shin DH, Shim H, Kim W, Lee SY. 5-aminosalicylic acid suppresses osteoarthritis through the OSCAR-PPARγ axis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1024. [PMID: 38310093 PMCID: PMC10838344 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive and irreversible degenerative joint disease that is characterized by cartilage destruction, osteophyte formation, subchondral bone remodeling, and synovitis. Despite affecting millions of patients, effective and safe disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs are lacking. Here we reveal an unexpected role for the small molecule 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), which is used as an anti-inflammatory drug in ulcerative colitis. We show that 5-ASA competes with extracellular-matrix collagen-II to bind to osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR) on chondrocytes. Intra-articular 5-ASA injections ameliorate OA generated by surgery-induced medial-meniscus destabilization in male mice. Significantly, this effect is also observed when 5-ASA was administered well after OA onset. Moreover, mice with DMM-induced OA that are treated with 5-ASA at weeks 8-11 and sacrificed at week 12 have thicker cartilage than untreated mice that were sacrificed at week 8. Mechanistically, 5-ASA reverses OSCAR-mediated transcriptional repression of PPARγ in articular chondrocytes, thereby suppressing COX-2-related inflammation. It also improves chondrogenesis, strongly downregulates ECM catabolism, and promotes ECM anabolism. Our results suggest that 5-ASA could serve as a DMOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihee Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gina Ryu
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Seo
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyeon Go
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyungmin Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Yi
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suwon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Yong Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Sung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Chan Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hae Shin
- Department of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbo Shim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wankyu Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Multitasking Macrophage Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Hildebrandt A, Dietrich T, Weber J, Günderoth MM, Zhou S, Fleckenstein FN, Jiang S, Winkler T, Duda GN, Tsitsilonis S, Keller J, Maleitzke T. The dual pro-inflammatory and bone-protective role of calcitonin gene-related peptide alpha in age-related osteoarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:244. [PMID: 38102666 PMCID: PMC10722726 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03215-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vasoactive neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide alpha (αCGRP) enhances nociception in primary knee osteoarthritis (OA) and has been shown to disrupt cartilage and joint integrity in experimental rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Little is known about how αCGRP may alter articular structures in primary OA. We investigated whether αCGRP modulates local inflammation and concomitant cartilage and bone changes in a murine model of age-dependent OA. METHODS Sixteen- to 18-month-old αCGRP-deficient mice (αCGRP-/-aged) were compared to, first, age-matched wild type (WTaged) and, second, young 4- to 5-month-old non-OA αCGRP-deficient (αCGRP-/-CTRL) and non-OA WT animals (WTCTRL). αCGRP levels were measured in serum. Knee and hip joint inflammation, cartilage degradation, and bone alterations were assessed by histology (OARSI histopathological grading score), gene expression analysis, and µ-computed tomography. RESULTS WTaged mice exhibited elevated αCGRP serum levels compared to young WTCTRL animals. Marked signs of OA-induced cartilage destruction were seen in WTaged animals, while αCGRP-/-aged mice were mostly protected from this effect. Age-dependent OA was accompanied by an increased gene expression of pro-inflammatory Tnfa, Il1b, and Il6 and catabolic Mmp13, Adamts5, Ctsk, Tnfs11 (Rankl), and Cxcl12/Cxcr4 in WTaged but not in αCGRP-/-aged mice. αCGRP-deficiency however further aggravated subchondral bone sclerosis of the medial tibial plateau and accelerated bone loss in the epi- and metaphyseal trabecular tibial bone in age-dependent OA. CONCLUSIONS Similar to its function in experimental RA, αCGRP exerts a dual pro-inflammatory and bone-protective function in murine primary OA. Although anti-CGRP treatment was previously not successful in reducing pain in OA clinically, these data underline a crucial pathophysiological role of αCGRP in age-related OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hildebrandt
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tamara Dietrich
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jérôme Weber
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mara Meyer Günderoth
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sijia Zhou
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian N Fleckenstein
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Winkler
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Serafeim Tsitsilonis
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Keller
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tazio Maleitzke
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Takahashi I, Matsuzaki T, Kuroki H, Hoso M. Treadmill Exercise Suppresses Histological Progression of Disuse Atrophy in Articular Cartilage in Rat Knee Joints during Hindlimb Suspension. Cartilage 2023; 14:482-491. [PMID: 36802945 PMCID: PMC10807736 DOI: 10.1177/19476035231154510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the preventive effects of treadmill exercise or physiological loading on disuse atrophy in the rat knee joint cartilage and bone during hindlimb suspension. DESIGN Twenty male rats were divided into 4 experimental groups, including the control, hindlimb suspension, physiological loading, and treadmill walking groups. Histological changes in the articular cartilage and bone of the tibia were histomorphometrically and immunohistochemically evaluated 4 weeks after the intervention. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the hindlimb suspension group showed thinning of cartilage thickness, decreased matrix staining, and decreased proportion of noncalcified layers. Cartilage thinning, decreased matrix staining, and decreased noncalcified layers were suppressed in the treadmill walking group. The physiological loading group exhibited no significant suppression of cartilage thinning or decreased noncalcified layers, but the decreased matrix staining was significantly suppressed. No significant prevention of bone mass loss or changes in subchondral bone thickness were detected after physiological loading or treadmill walking. CONCLUSION Disuse atrophy of the articular cartilage caused by unloading conditions could be prevented by treadmill walking in rat knee joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikufumi Takahashi
- Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, Ishikawa, Japan
- Department of Motor Function Analysis, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taro Matsuzaki
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuroki
- Department of Motor Function Analysis, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hoso
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
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5
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Lin YY, Kuan CY, Chang CT, Chuang MH, Syu WS, Zhang KL, Lee CH, Lin PC, Dong GC, Lin FH. 3D-Cultured Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Spheres Using Calcium-Alginate Scaffolds for Osteoarthritis Treatment in a Mono-Iodoacetate-Induced Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087062. [PMID: 37108239 PMCID: PMC10138691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that causes pain, cartilage deformation, and joint inflammation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are potential therapeutic agents for OA treatment. However, the 2D culture of MSCs could potentially affect their characteristics and functionality. In this study, calcium-alginate (Ca-Ag) scaffolds were prepared for human adipose-derived stem cell (hADSC) proliferation with a homemade functionally closed process bioreactor system; the feasibility of cultured hADSC spheres in heterologous stem cell therapy for OA treatment was then evaluated. hADSC spheres were collected from Ca-Ag scaffolds by removing calcium ions via ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) chelation. In this study, 2D-cultured individual hADSCs or hADSC spheres were evaluated for treatment efficacy in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA rat model. The results of gait analysis and histological sectioning showed that hADSC spheres were more effective at relieving arthritis degeneration. The results of serological and blood element analyses of hADSC-treated rats indicated that the hADSC spheres were a safe treatment in vivo. This study demonstrates that hADSC spheres are a promising treatment for OA and can be applied to other stem cell therapies or regenerative medical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yung Kuan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10087, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Tien Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chuang
- College of Management, Chung Hwa University, Hsinchu 30012, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Sin Syu
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu 30261, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ling Zhang
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu 30261, Taiwan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Lee
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu 30261, Taiwan
| | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu 30261, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Chung Dong
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10087, Taiwan
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6
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Chan KM, Bowe MT, Allen KD. Recommendations for the analysis of rodent gait data to evaluate osteoarthritis treatments. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023; 31:425-434. [PMID: 36435413 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Behavioral assays of animal pain and disability can increase the clinical relevance of a preclinical study. However, pain and symptoms are difficult to measure in preclinical models. Because animals often alter their movement patterns to reduce or avoid joint pain, gait analysis can be an important tool for quantifying OA-related symptoms in rodents. Technologies to measure rodent gait continue to advance and have been the focus of prior reviews. Regardless of the techniques used, the analysis of rodent gait data can be complex due to multiple confounding variables. The goal of this review is to discuss recent advances in the understanding of OA-related gait changes and provide recommendations on the analysis of gait data. Recent studies suggest OA-affected animals reduce vertical loading through their injured limb while walking, indicating dynamic ground reaction forces are important data to collect when possible. Moreover, gait data analysis depends on accurately measuring and accounting for the confounding effects of velocity and other covariates (such as animal size) when interpreting shifts in various gait parameters. Herein, we discuss different statistical techniques to account for covariates and interpret gait shifts. In particular, this review will discuss residualization and linear mixed effects models, including how both techniques can account for inter- and intra-animal variability and the effects of velocity. Furthermore, this review discusses future considerations for using rodent gait analysis, while highlighting the intricacies of gait analysis as a tool to measure joint function and behavioral outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiara M Chan
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Markia T Bowe
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kyle D Allen
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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7
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Sohn HS, Choi JW, Jhun J, Kwon SP, Jung M, Yong S, Na HS, Kim JH, Cho ML, Kim BS. Tolerogenic nanoparticles induce type II collagen-specific regulatory T cells and ameliorate osteoarthritis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo5284. [PMID: 36427299 PMCID: PMC9699678 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo5284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Local inflammation in the joint is considered to contribute to osteoarthritis (OA) progression. Here, we describe an immunomodulating nanoparticle for OA treatment. Intradermal injection of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) loaded with type II collagen (Col II) and rapamycin (LNP-Col II-R) into OA mice effectively induced Col II-specific anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells, substantially increased anti-inflammatory cytokine expression, and reduced inflammatory immune cells and proinflammatory cytokine expression in the joints. Consequently, LNP-Col II-R injection inhibited chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage matrix degradation and relieved pain, while injection of LNPs loaded with a control peptide and rapamycin did not induce these events. Adoptive transfer of CD4+CD25+ T cells isolated from LNP-Col II-R-injected mice suggested that Tregs induced by LNP-Col II-R injection were likely responsible for the therapeutic effects. Collectively, this study suggests nanoparticle-mediated immunomodulation in the joint as a simple and effective treatment for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Su Sohn
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Won Choi
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - JooYeon Jhun
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Pil Kwon
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mungyo Jung
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Yong
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sik Na
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Lab of Translational ImmunoMedicine, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-La Cho
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Lifescience, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (M.-L.C.), (B.-S.K.)
| | - Byung-Soo Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Chemical Processes, Institute of Engineering Research, BioMAX, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (M.-L.C.), (B.-S.K.)
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8
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Breakthrough of extracellular vesicles in pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis. Bioact Mater 2022; 22:423-452. [PMID: 36311050 PMCID: PMC9588998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent whole-joint disease that causes disability and pain and affects a patient's quality of life. However, currently, there is a lack of effective early diagnosis and treatment. Although stem cells can promote cartilage repair and treat OA, problems such as immune rejection and tumorigenicity persist. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can transmit genetic information from donor cells and mediate intercellular communication, which is considered a functional paracrine factor of stem cells. Increasing evidences suggest that EVs may play an essential and complex role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of OA. Here, we introduced the role of EVs in OA progression by influencing inflammation, metabolism, and aging. Next, we discussed EVs from the blood, synovial fluid, and joint-related cells for diagnosis. Moreover, we outlined the potential of modified and unmodified EVs and their combination with biomaterials for OA therapy. Finally, we discuss the deficiencies and put forward the prospects and challenges related to the application of EVs in the field of OA.
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9
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Hu W, Lin J, Wei J, Yang Y, Fu K, Zhu T, Zhu H, Zheng X. Modelling osteoarthritis in mice via surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus with or without a stereomicroscope. Bone Joint Res 2022; 11:518-527. [PMID: 35909337 PMCID: PMC9396921 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.118.bjr-2021-0575.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To evaluate inducing osteoarthritis (OA) by surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) in mice with and without a stereomicroscope. Methods Based on sample size calculation, 70 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to three surgery groups: DMM aided by a stereomicroscope; DMM by naked eye; or sham surgery. The group information was blinded to researchers. Mice underwent static weightbearing, von Frey test, and gait analysis at two-week intervals from eight to 16 weeks after surgery. Histological grade of OA was determined with the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scoring system. Results Surgical DMM with or without stereomicroscope led to decrease in the mean of weightbearing percentages (-20.64% vs -21.44%, p = 0.792) and paw withdrawal response thresholds (-21.35% vs -24.65%, p = 0.327) of the hind limbs. However, the coefficient of variation (CV) of weight-bearing percentages and paw withdrawal response thresholds in naked-eye group were significantly greater than that in the microscope group (19.82% vs 6.94%, p < 0.001; 21.85% vs 9.86%, p < 0.001). The gait analysis showed a similar pattern. Cartilage degeneration was observed in both DMM-surgery groups, evidenced by increased OARSI scores (summed score: 11.23 vs 11.43, p = 0.842), but the microscope group showed less variation in OARSI score than the naked-eye group (CV: 21.03% vs 32.44%; p = 0.032). Conclusion Although surgical DMM aided by stereomicroscope is technically difficult, it produces a relatively more homogeneous OA model in terms of the discrete degree of pain behaviours and histopathological grading when compared with surgical DMM without stereomicroscope. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(8):518–527.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Junqing Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiabao Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunlong Yang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Fu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianhao Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyi Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianyou Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
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10
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Delbaldo C, Tschon M, Martini L, Fini M, Codispoti G. Benefits of Applying Nanotechnologies to Hydrogels in Efficacy Tests in Osteoarthritis Models-A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158236. [PMID: 35897805 PMCID: PMC9368605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a severe musculoskeletal disease with an increasing incidence in the worldwide population. Recent research has focused on the development of innovative strategies to prevent articular cartilage damage and slow down OA progression, and nanotechnologies applied to hydrogels have gained particular interest. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the state of the art on preclinical in vitro and in vivo efficacy studies applying nanotechnologies to hydrogels in OA models to elucidate the benefits of their applications. Three databases were consulted for eligible papers. The inclusion criteria were in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies, using OA cells or OA animal models, and testing hydrogels and nanoparticles (NPs) over the last ten years. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed. Eleven papers were included. In vitro studies evidenced that NP-gels do not impact on cell viability and do not cause inflammation in OA cell phenotypes. In vivo research on rodents showed that these treatments could increase drug retention in joints, reducing inflammation and preventing articular cartilage damage. Nanotechnologies in preclinical efficacy tests are still new and require extensive studies and technical hits to determine the efficacy, safety, fate, and localization of NPs for translation into an effective therapy for OA patients.
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11
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Iijima H, Gilmer G, Wang K, Sivakumar S, Evans C, Matsui Y, Ambrosio F. Meta-analysis Integrated With Multi-omics Data Analysis to Elucidate Pathogenic Mechanisms of Age-Related Knee Osteoarthritis in Mice. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 77:1321-1334. [PMID: 34979545 PMCID: PMC9255692 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased mechanistic insight into the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is needed to develop efficacious disease-modifying treatments. Though age-related pathogenic mechanisms are most relevant to the majority of clinically presenting KOA, the bulk of our mechanistic understanding of KOA has been derived using surgically induced posttraumatic OA (PTOA) models. Here, we took an integrated approach of meta-analysis and multi-omics data analysis to elucidate pathogenic mechanisms of age-related KOA in mice. Protein-level data were integrated with transcriptomic profiling to reveal inflammation, autophagy, and cellular senescence as primary hallmarks of age-related KOA. Importantly, the molecular profiles of cartilage aging were unique from those observed following PTOA, with less than 3% overlap between the 2 models. At the nexus of the 3 aging hallmarks, advanced glycation end product (AGE)/receptor for AGE (RAGE) emerged as the most statistically robust pathway associated with age-related KOA. This pathway was further supported by analysis of mass spectrometry data. Notably, the change in AGE-RAGE signaling over time was exclusively observed in male mice, suggesting sexual dimorphism in the pathogenesis of age-induced KOA in murine models. Collectively, these findings implicate dysregulation of AGE-RAGE signaling as a sex-dependent driver of age-related KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Iijima
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gabrielle Gilmer
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sruthi Sivakumar
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christopher Evans
- Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yusuke Matsui
- Biomedical and Health Informatics Unit, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fabrisia Ambrosio
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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12
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Drevet S, Favier B, Brun E, Gavazzi G, Lardy B. Mouse Models of Osteoarthritis: A Summary of Models and Outcomes Assessment. Comp Med 2022; 72:3-13. [PMID: 34986927 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-21-000043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multidimensional health problem and a common chronic disease. It has a substantial impact onpatient quality of life and is a common cause of pain and mobility issues in older adults. The functional limitations, lack of curative treatments, and cost to society all demonstrate the need for translational and clinical research. The use of OA models in mice is important for achieving a better understanding of the disease. Models with clinical relevance are needed to achieve 2 main goals: to assess the impact of the OA disease (pain and function) and to study the efficacy of potential treatments. However, few OA models include practical strategies for functional assessment of the mice. OA signs in mice incorporate complex interrelations between pain and dysfunction. The current review provides a comprehensive compilation of mousemodels of OA and animal evaluations that include static and dynamic clinical assessment of the mice, merging evaluationof pain and function by using automatic and noninvasive techniques. These new techniques allow simultaneous recordingof spontaneous activity from thousands of home cages and also monitor environment conditions. Technologies such as videographyand computational approaches can also be used to improve pain assessment in rodents but these new tools must first be validated experimentally. An example of a new tool is the digital ventilated cage, which is an automated home-cage monitor that records spontaneous activity in the cages.
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13
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Takahashi I, Matsuzaki T, Kuroki H, Hoso M. Physiological Reloading Recovers Histologically Disuse Atrophy of the Articular Cartilage and Bone by Hindlimb Suspension in Rat Knee Joint. Cartilage 2021; 13:1530S-1539S. [PMID: 34886706 PMCID: PMC8804769 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211063857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to clarify physiological reloading on disuse atrophy of the articular cartilage and bone in the rat knee using the hindlimb suspension model. DESIGN Thirty male rats were divided into 3 experimental groups: control group, hindlimb suspension group, and reloading after hindlimb suspension group. Histological changes in the articular cartilage and bone of the tibia were evaluated by histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical analyses at 2 and 4 weeks after reloading. RESULTS The thinning and loss of matrix staining in the articular cartilage and the decrease in bone volume induced by hindlimb suspension recovered to the same level as the control group after 2 weeks of reloading. The proportion of the noncalcified and calcified layers of the articular cartilage and the thinning of subchondral bone recovered to the same level as the control group after 4 weeks of reloading. CONCLUSIONS Disuse atrophy of the articular cartilage and bone induced by hindlimb suspension in the tibia of rats was improved by physiological reloading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikufumi Takahashi
- Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa
University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
- Department of Motor Function Analysis,
Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto,
Japan
| | - Taro Matsuzaki
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate
School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuroki
- Department of Motor Function Analysis,
Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto,
Japan
| | - Masahiro Hoso
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate
School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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14
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Estrada McDermott J, Pezzanite L, Goodrich L, Santangelo K, Chow L, Dow S, Wheat W. Role of Innate Immunity in Initiation and Progression of Osteoarthritis, with Emphasis on Horses. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3247. [PMID: 34827979 PMCID: PMC8614551 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common condition with diverse etiologies, affecting horses, humans, and companion animals. Importantly, OA is not a single disease, but rather a disease process initiated by different events, including acute trauma, irregular or repetitive overload of articular structures, and spontaneous development with aging. Our understanding of the pathogenesis of OA is still evolving, and OA is increasingly considered a multifactorial disease in which the innate immune system plays a key role in regulating and perpetuating low-grade inflammation, resulting in sustained cartilage injury and destruction. Macrophages within the synovium and synovial fluid are considered the key regulators of immune processes in OA and are capable of both stimulating and suppressing joint inflammation, by responding to local and systemic cues. The purpose of this review is to examine the role of the innate immune system in the overall pathogenesis of OA, drawing on insights from studies in humans, animal models of OA, and from clinical and research studies in horses. This review also discusses the various therapeutic immune modulatory options currently available for managing OA and their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Estrada McDermott
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (J.E.M.); (L.P.); (L.G.); (L.C.); (S.D.)
| | - Lynn Pezzanite
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (J.E.M.); (L.P.); (L.G.); (L.C.); (S.D.)
| | - Laurie Goodrich
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (J.E.M.); (L.P.); (L.G.); (L.C.); (S.D.)
| | - Kelly Santangelo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Lyndah Chow
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (J.E.M.); (L.P.); (L.G.); (L.C.); (S.D.)
| | - Steven Dow
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (J.E.M.); (L.P.); (L.G.); (L.C.); (S.D.)
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - William Wheat
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (J.E.M.); (L.P.); (L.G.); (L.C.); (S.D.)
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
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15
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Chang YM, Menges S, Westhof A, Kleinschmidt-Doerr K, Brenneis C, Pitsillides AA. Systematic analysis reveals that colony housing aligns gait profiles and strengthens link between histological and micro-CT bone markers in rat models of osteoarthritis. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21451. [PMID: 33683776 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002009r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) etiopathogenesis is complex with strong environmental/lifestyle determinants that, in laboratory animals, extend to social context and stress levels. This study seeks to identify whether colony housing of rats exerts a social impact on locomotion behaviors to influence alignment between symptomatic (gait) and structural (bone micro-CT measures, cartilage morphometry, and histology) OA outcome measures. Rats were randomly allocated to conventional (type IV; n = 48) or rat colony cage (RCC; n = 30) housing, further randomized to OA surgical models (ACLT + tMx, MMT or DMM) or no surgery (control), and maintained for 19 weeks during which multiple gait recordings were made. Standard histological grading and bone micro-CT data were collected at necropsy. Principal component analysis was used to summarize the variation in gait, micro-CT or histology. Linear mixed effects model or two-way ANOVA was employed to evaluate the impact of the housing system, surgery and time on gait, or micro-CT and histology components Analyses reveal that RCC exaggerates trends in gait change via a combined effect of the housing system and surgery. Intriguingly, RCC-housed nonoperated control rats showed similar gait changes to rats subjected to surgery; the latter exhibited significant structural joint changes in both systems. Stronger correlation between histological and micro-CT bone changes were found in medial and lateral tibia joint compartments of rats housed in RCC system. This study has established that rat social housing exaggerates outcomes in traditional histological measures of OA, generates stronger links between histology and micro-CT bone changes and removes gait differences as a variable in their etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Mei Chang
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrew A Pitsillides
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
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16
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Takahashi I, Takeda K, Matsuzaki T, Kuroki H, Hoso M. Reduction of knee joint load suppresses cartilage degeneration, osteophyte formation, and synovitis in early-stage osteoarthritis using a post-traumatic rat model. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254383. [PMID: 34270585 PMCID: PMC8284605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to clarify the histological effect of reducing the loading to knee on cartilage degeneration, osteophyte formation, and synovitis in early-stage osteoarthritis (OA) using a post-traumatic rat model. Ten male rats were randomly allocated into two experimental groups: OA induction by surgical destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM, OA group) and hindlimb suspension after OA induction by DMM (OAHS group). The articular cartilage, osteophyte formation, and synovial membrane in the medial tibiofemoral joint were analyzed histologically and histomorphometrically at 2 and 4 weeks after surgery. The histological scores and changes in articular cartilage and osteophyte formation were significantly milder and slower in the OAHS group than in the OA group. At 2 and 4 weeks, there were no significant differences in cartilage thickness and matrix staining intensity between both the groups, but chondrocytes density was significantly lower in the OA group. Synovitis was milder in OAHS group than in OA group at 2 weeks. Reducing knee joint loading inhibited histological OA changes in articular cartilage, osteophyte formation, and synovial inflammation. This result supports the latest clinical guidelines for OA treatment. Further studies using biochemical and mechanical analyses are necessary to elucidate the mechanism underlying delayed OA progression caused by joint-load reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikufumi Takahashi
- Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
- Department of Motor Function Analysis, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takeda
- Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Taro Matsuzaki
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuroki
- Department of Motor Function Analysis, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hoso
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
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17
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Arthroscopic Tenotomy of the Long Head of the Biceps Tendon and Section of the Anterior Joint Capsule Produce Moderate Osteoarthritic Changes in an Experimental Sheep Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147471. [PMID: 34299937 PMCID: PMC8307345 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) of the glenohumeral (GH) joint is a common cause of shoulder pain, resulting in considerable invalidity. Unfortunately, the study of its pathogenesis is challenging. Models of OA are necessary to identify specific targets for therapy and to be able to interfere with the development and evolution of OA. This study aims to assess the effect of an arthroscopic tenotomy of the long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) and section of the anterior glenohumeral joint capsule on the ovine glenohumeral joint. In addition, the authors aim to validate and evaluate the reliability of a modified semi-quantitative MRI score to assess joint degeneration in a sheep’s shoulder. Eight skeletally mature sheep received an arthroscopic tenotomy of the LHBT and section of the anterior joint capsule and were euthanized four months after surgery. All animals tolerated the surgery well, and no complication was recorded for six weeks. Moderate degenerative changes to the ovine shoulder joint were found on MRI and histological evaluation. The arthroscopic tenotomy of the LHBT and the anterior glenohumeral joint capsule section caused moderate degenerative changes to the ovine shoulder joint.
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18
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Long wait times for knee and hip total joint replacement in Canada: An isolated health system problem, or a symptom of a larger problem? OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2021; 3:100141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2021.100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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19
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Duan X, Cai L, Pham CTN, Abu-Amer Y, Pan H, Brophy RH, Wickline SA, Rai MF. Intra-articular silencing of periostin via nanoparticle-based siRNA ameliorates post-traumatic osteoarthritis in mice. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 73:2249-2260. [PMID: 33982891 DOI: 10.1002/art.41794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent evidence delineates an emerging role of Periostin (Postn) in osteoarthritis (OA) as its expression subsequent to knee injury is detrimental to the articular cartilage. We hypothesize that intra-articular knockdown of Postn in a murine model of post-traumatic OA would ameliorate OA. METHODS Post-traumatic OA was induced in 10-week-old male C57BL/6J mice (n=24) by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) and analyzed 8-week post-surgery. Intra-articular Postn was inhibited by siRNA using a novel peptide-nucleotide polyplex. Cartilage degeneration (OARSI score) and synovitis were assessed histologically. Bone changes were measured by μCT. The effect and mechanism of Postn silencing were investigated in human chondrocytes treated with IL-1β with or without IKK2 inhibitor, SC-514. RESULTS Peptide-siRNA nanoplatform significantly abolished Postn expression. OARSI score was significantly less in mice receiving Postn siRNA (10.94±0.66) compared to both untreated (22.38±1.30,P=0.002) and scrambled siRNA (22.69±0.87,P=0.002) treatment. No differences were observed in synovitis. Subchondral bone sclerosis, BV/TV, vBMD, and heterotopic ossification were significantly low in Postn siRNA treatment. Immunostaining of cartilage revealed that Postn knockdown reduced the DMM-induced MMP-13 intensity, phosphorylation of p65, and immunoreactivity of aggrecan neoepitope, DIPEN. Postn knockdown also suppressed IL-1β-induced MMP-13 and ADAMTS-4 in chondrocytes. Mechanistically, Postn-induced MMP-13 was abrogated by SC-514 demonstrating a link between Postn and NF-κB. CONCLUSION Intra-articular delivery of Postn siRNA nanocomplex represents a promising clinical approach to mitigate the severity of joint degeneration and provides an unequivocal scientific rationale for longitudinal studies. Employing a cartilage-specific gene knockout strategy will further illuminate the functional role of Postn in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Duan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Lei Cai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Christine T N Pham
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Yousef Abu-Amer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Hua Pan
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of South Florida Health Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Robert H Brophy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Samuel A Wickline
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of South Florida Health Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Muhammad Farooq Rai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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20
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Kosinska MK, Eichner G, Schmitz G, Liebisch G, Steinmeyer J. A comparative study on the lipidome of normal knee synovial fluid from humans and horses. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250146. [PMID: 33861772 PMCID: PMC8051782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The current limitations in evaluating synovial fluid (SF) components in health and disease and between species are due in part to the lack of data on normal SF, because of low availability of SF from healthy articular joints. Our study aimed to quantify species-dependent differences in phospholipid (PL) profiles of normal knee SF obtained from equine and human donors. Knee SF was obtained during autopsy by arthrocentesis from 15 and 13 joint-healthy human and equine donors, respectively. PL species extracted from SF were quantitated by mass spectrometry whereas ELISA determined apolipoprotein (Apo) B-100. Wilcoxon’s rank sum test with adjustment of scores for tied values was applied followed by Holm´s method to account for multiple testing. Six lipid classes with 89 PL species were quantified, namely phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylethanolamine, plasmalogen, and ceramide. Importantly, equine SF contains about half of the PL content determined in human SF with some characteristic changes in PL composition. Nutritional habits, decreased apolipoprotein levels and altered enzymatic activities may have caused the observed different PL profiles. Our study provides comprehensive quantitative data on PL species levels in normal human and equine knee SF so that research in joint diseases and articular lubrication can be facilitated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta K. Kosinska
- Department of Orthopaedics, Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Gerrit Eichner
- Mathematical Institute, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Steinmeyer
- Department of Orthopaedics, Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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21
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Wang Y, Wu C, Tao J, Zhao D, Jiang X, Tian W. Differential proteomic analysis of tibial subchondral bone from male and female guinea pigs with spontaneous osteoarthritis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:633. [PMID: 33968164 PMCID: PMC8097192 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A proteomic study on the tibial subchondral bone in guinea pigs with spontaneous osteoarthritis was performed to investigate the molecular alterations that occur in early osteoarthritis. A total of 132 healthy Hartley guinea pigs (aged 1 month; 66 female and 66 male) were randomly divided into 11 groups of six. Changes in articular cartilage and tibial subchondral bone were assessed using macroscopic examinations and micro-computed tomography. iTRAQ-integrated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to identify differentially altered proteins in the tibial subchondral bone between 1- and 3-month-old guinea pigs, which were then validated using western blotting. A gradual progression of cartilage degeneration was observed in the knee joints of the subject animals from 5-11 months. With aging, the tibial subchondral trabecular bone acquired more plate-like and less anisotropic properties, with increased bone mineral density, bone volume, trabecular thickness and numbers. The proteomic study identified 138 and 113 proteins significantly differentially expressed between 3- and 1-month old guinea pigs in both the male and female animals, respectively. Western blotting confirmed the increased expression of osteoblast-associated protein S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8) and the deregulated expression of osteoclast-associated proteins coronin 1A (CORO1A) and T-cell immune regulator 1 (TCIRG1) in the 3-month old guinea pigs in comparison to the 1-month old guinea pigs. Spontaneous cartilage degeneration in the knee joints of male Hartley guinea pigs tended to be more serious compared with the females during the development of osteoarthritis. Together, the results suggest that osteoblast-associated protein S100A8 and osteoclast-associated proteins CORO1A and TCIRG1 are potentially key regulators of early osteoarthritic development in tibial subchondral bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Molecular Orthopedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Chengai Wu
- Department of Molecular Orthopedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Tao
- Department of Molecular Orthopedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Danhui Zhao
- Animal Laboratory, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Xu Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
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22
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Landi M, Everitt J, Berridge B. Bioethical, Reproducibility, and Translational Challenges of Animal Models. ILAR J 2021; 62:60-65. [PMID: 33693624 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilaa027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
There is no prescribed stage or standardized point at which an animal model protocol is reviewed for reproducibility and translatability. The method of review for a reproducible and translatable study is not consistently documented in peer literature, and this is a major challenge for those working with animal models of human diseases. If the study is ill designed, it is impossible to perform an accurate harm/benefit analysis. In addition, there may be an ethical challenge if the work is not reproducible and translatable. Animal welfare regulations and other documents of control clearly state the role of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees are to look at science justification within the context of animal welfare. This article, concentrating on models not governed by regulations, outlines issues and offers recommendations for refining animal model review with a goal to improve study reproducibility and translatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Landi
- GSK Pharmaceuticals, 1250 S Collegeville Rd, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Jeffrey Everitt
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - B Berridge
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T. W. Alexander Dr. Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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23
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Casper‐Taylor ME, Barr AJ, Williams S, Wilcox RK, Conaghan PG. Initiating factors for the onset of OA: A systematic review of animal bone and cartilage pathology in OA. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:1810-1818. [PMID: 31975435 PMCID: PMC7383628 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is controversy over whether bone or cartilage is primarily involved in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis; this is important for targeting early interventions. We explored evidence from animal models of knee OA by preforming a systematic review of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for original articles reporting subchondral bone and cartilage pathology in animal models with epiphyseal closure. Extracted data included: method of induction; animal model; cartilage and bone assessment and method; meniscal assessment; skeletal maturity; controls; and time points assessed. Quality scoring was performed. The best evidence was synthesized from high-quality skeletally mature models, without direct trauma to tissues of interest and with multiple time points. Altogether, 2849 abstracts were reviewed. Forty-seven papers were included reporting eight different methods of inducing OA, six different species, six different methods of assessing cartilage, five different bone structural parameters, and four assessed meniscus as a potential initiator. Overall, the simultaneous onset of OA in cartilage and bone was reported in 82% of datasets, 16% reported bone onset, and 2% reported cartilage onset. No dataset containing meniscal data reported meniscal onset. However, using the best evidence synthesis (n = 8), five reported simultaneous onset when OA was induced, while three reported bone onset when OA occurred spontaneously; none reported cartilage onset. In summary, there is a paucity of well-designed studies in this area which makes the conclusions drawn conjectures rather than proven certainties. However, within the limitation of data quality, this review suggests that in animal models, the structural onset of knee OA occurs either in bone prior to cartilage pathology or simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle E. Casper‐Taylor
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Medical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Andrew J. Barr
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Sophie Williams
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Medical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Ruth K. Wilcox
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Medical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Philip G. Conaghan
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
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24
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Contartese D, Tschon M, De Mattei M, Fini M. Sex Specific Determinants in Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3696. [PMID: 32456298 PMCID: PMC7279293 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent joint disease that primarily affects about 10% of the world's population over 60 years old. The purpose of this study is to systematically review the preclinical studies regarding sex differences in OA, with particular attention to the molecular aspect and gene expression, but also to the histopathological aspects. Three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge) were screened for eligible studies. In vitro and in vivo papers written in English, published in the last 11 years (2009-2020) were eligible. Participants were preclinical studies, including cell cultures and animal models of OA, evaluating sex differences. Independent extraction of articles and quality assessments were performed by two authors using predefined data fields and specific tools (Animals in Research Reporting In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guideline and Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) tool). Twenty-three studies were included in the review: 4 in vitro studies, 18 in vivo studies, and 1 both in vitro and in vivo study. From in vitro works, sex differences were found in the gene expression of inflammatory molecules, hormonal receptors, and in responsiveness to hormonal stimulation. In vivo research showed a great heterogeneity of animal models mainly focused on the histopathological aspects rather than on the analysis of sex-related molecular mechanisms. This review highlights that many gaps in knowledge still exist; improvementsin the selection and reporting of animal models, the use of advanced in vitro models, and multiomics analyses might contribute to developing a personalized gender-based medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyanira Contartese
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS–Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Matilde Tschon
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS–Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Monica De Mattei
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Milena Fini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS–Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (D.C.); (M.F.)
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25
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Pinamont WJ, Yoshioka NK, Young GM, Karuppagounder V, Carlson EL, Ahmad A, Elbarbary R, Kamal F. Standardized Histomorphometric Evaluation of Osteoarthritis in a Surgical Mouse Model. J Vis Exp 2020:10.3791/60991. [PMID: 32449702 PMCID: PMC7882241 DOI: 10.3791/60991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most prevalent joint disorders in the United States, osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage, primarily in the hip and knee joints, which results in significant impacts on patient mobility and quality of life. To date, there are no existing curative therapies for OA able to slow down or inhibit cartilage degeneration. Presently, there is an extensive body of ongoing research to understand OA pathology and discover novel therapeutic approaches or agents that can efficiently slow down, stop, or even reverse OA. Thus, it is crucial to have a quantitative and reproducible approach to accurately evaluate OA-associated pathological changes in the joint cartilage, synovium, and subchondral bone. Currently, OA severity and progression are primarily assessed using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) or Mankin scoring systems. In spite of the importance of these scoring systems, they are semiquantitative and can be influenced by user subjectivity. More importantly, they fail to accurately evaluate subtle, yet important, changes in the cartilage during the early disease states or early treatment phases. The protocol we describe here uses a computerized and semiautomated histomorphometric software system to establish a standardized, rigorous, and reproducible quantitative methodology for the evaluation of joint changes in OA. This protocol presents a powerful addition to the existing systems and allows for more efficient detection of pathological changes in the joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Pinamont
- Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Sciences, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine
| | - Natalie K Yoshioka
- Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Sciences, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine
| | - Gregory M Young
- Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Sciences, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine
| | - Vengadeshprabhu Karuppagounder
- Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Sciences, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine
| | - Elijah L Carlson
- Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Sciences, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine
| | - Adeel Ahmad
- Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Sciences, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine
| | - Reyad Elbarbary
- Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Sciences, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine
| | - Fadia Kamal
- Center for Orthopedic Research and Translational Sciences, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine; Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine;
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26
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Malfait AM, Miller RE. Why we should study osteoarthritis pain in experimental models in both sexes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2020; 28:397-399. [PMID: 31926266 PMCID: PMC7108964 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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27
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Brown SB, Hornyak JA, Jungels RR, Shah YY, Yarmola EG, Allen KD, Sharma B. Characterization of Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis in Rats Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture by Non-Invasive Knee Injury (NIKI). J Orthop Res 2020; 38:356-367. [PMID: 31520482 PMCID: PMC8596306 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Small animal models are essential for studying anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, one of the leading risk factors for post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Non-surgical models of ACL rupture have recently surged as a new tool to study PTOA, as they circumvent the confounding effects of surgical disruption of the joint. These models primarily have been explored in mice and rabbits, but are relatively understudied in rats. The purpose of this work was to establish a non-invasive, mechanical overload model of ACL rupture in the rat and to study the disease pathogenesis following the injury. ACL rupture was induced via non-invasive tibial compression in Lewis rats. Disease state was characterized for 4 months after ACL rupture via histology, computed tomography, and biomarker capture from the synovial fluid. The non-invasive knee injury (NIKI) model created consistent ACL ruptures without direct damage to other tissues and resulted in conventional OA pathology. NIKI knees exhibited structural changes as early as 4 weeks post-injury, including regional structural changes to cartilage, chondrocyte and cartilage disorganization, changes to the bone architecture, synovial hyperplasia, and the increased presence of biomarkers of cartilage fragmentation and pro-inflammatory cytokines. These results suggest that this model can be a valuable tool to study PTOA. By establishing the fundamental pathogenesis of this injury, additional opportunities are created to evaluate unique contributing factors and potential therapeutic interventions for this disease. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:356-367, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon B. Brown
- University of Florida 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building, JG‐56 Gainesville Florida 32611
| | - Jessica A. Hornyak
- University of Florida 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building, JG‐56 Gainesville Florida 32611
| | - Ryan R. Jungels
- University of Florida 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building, JG‐56 Gainesville Florida 32611
| | - Yash Y. Shah
- University of Florida 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building, JG‐56 Gainesville Florida 32611
| | - Elena G. Yarmola
- University of Florida 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building, JG‐56 Gainesville Florida 32611
| | - Kyle D. Allen
- University of Florida 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building, JG‐56 Gainesville Florida 32611
| | - Blanka Sharma
- University of Florida 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building, JG‐56 Gainesville Florida 32611
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28
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Allen KD, Chan KM, Yarmola EG, Shah YY, Partain BD. The effects of age on the severity of joint damage and intra-articular inflammation following a simulated medial meniscus injury in 3, 6, and 9 month old male rats. Connect Tissue Res 2020; 61:82-94. [PMID: 31438735 PMCID: PMC6884683 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2019.1641495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Aging is a known risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA). Several transgenic rodent models have been used to investigate the effects of accelerated or delayed aging in articular joints. However, age-effects on the progression of post-traumatic OA are less frequently evaluated. The objective of this study is to evaluate how animal age affects the severity of intra-articular inflammation and joint damage in the rat medial collateral ligament plus medial meniscus transection (MCLT+MMT) model of knee OA.Methods: Forty-eight, male Lewis rats were aged to 3, 6, or 9 months old. At each age, eight rats received either an MCLT+MMT surgery or a skin-incision. At 2 months post-surgery, intra-articular evidence of CTXII, IL1β, IL6, TNFα, and IFNγ was evaluated using a multiplex magnetic capture technique, and histological evidence of OA was assessed via a quantitative histological scoring technique.Results: Elevated levels of CTXII and IL6 were found in MCLT+MMT knees relative to skin-incision and contralateral controls; however, animal age did not affect the severity of joint inflammation. Conversely, histological investigation of cartilage damage showed larger cartilage lesion areas, greater width of affected cartilage, and more evidence of hypertrophic cartilage damage in MCLT+MMT knees with age.Conclusions: These data indicate the severity of cartilage damage subsequent to MCLT+MMT surgery is related to the rat's age at the time of injury. However, despite greater levels of cartilage damage, the level of intra-articular inflammation was not necessarily affected in 3, 6, and 9 month old male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle D. Allen
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kiara M. Chan
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Elena G. Yarmola
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yash Y. Shah
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Brittany D. Partain
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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29
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Intra-articular targeting of nanomaterials for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Acta Biomater 2019; 93:239-257. [PMID: 30862551 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a prevalent and debilitating disease that involves pathological contributions from numerous joint tissues and cells. The joint is a challenging arena for drug delivery, since the joint has poor bioavailability for systemically administered drugs and experiences rapid clearance of therapeutics after intra-articular injection. Moreover, each tissue within the joint presents unique barriers to drug localization. In this review, the various applications of nanotechnology to overcome these drug delivery limitations are investigated. Nanomaterials have reliably shown improvements to retention profiles of drugs within the joint space relative to injected free drugs. Additionally, nanomaterials have been modified through active and passive targeting strategies to facilitate interactions with and localization within specific joint tissues such as cartilage and synovium. Last, the limitations of drawing cross-study comparisons, the implications of synovial fluid, and the potential importance of multi-modal therapeutic strategies are discussed. As emerging, cell-specific disease modifying osteoarthritis drugs continue to be developed, the need for targeted nanomaterial delivery will likely become critical for effective clinical translation of therapeutics for osteoarthritis. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Improving drug delivery to the joint is a pressing clinical need. Over 27 million Americans live with osteoarthritis, and this figure is continuously expanding. Numerous drugs have been investigated but have failed in clinical trials, likely related to poor bioavailability to target cells. This article comprehensively reviews the advances in nano-scale delivery vehicles designed to overcome the delivery barriers in the joint. This is the first review to analyze active and passive targeting strategies systematically for different target sites while also delineating between tissue homing and whole joint retention. By bringing together the lessons learned across numerous nano-scale platforms, researchers may be able to hone future nanomaterial designs, allowing emerging therapeutics to perform with clinically relevant efficacy and disease modifying potential.
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30
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Deckers C, Stephan P, Wever KE, Hooijmans CR, Hannink G. The protective effect of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on articular cartilage: a systematic review of animal studies. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:219-229. [PMID: 30317001 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is unclear if anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction can prevent the onset of degenerative changes in the knee. Previous studies were inconclusive on this subject. The aim of this study was to systematically review all studies on the effect of ACL reconstruction on articular cartilage in animals. DESIGN Pubmed and Embase were searched to identify all original articles concerning the effect of ACL reconstruction on articular cartilage compared with both its positive (ACL transection) and negative (sham and/or non-operated) control in animals. Subsequently a Risk of bias and meta analysis was conducted based on five outcomes (gross macroscopic assessment, medical imaging, histological histochemical grading, histomophometrics and biomechanical characterization) related to articular cartilage. RESULTS From the 19 included studies, 29 independent comparisons could be identified which underwent ACL reconstruction with an average timing of data collection of 23 weeks (range 1-104 weeks). Due to limited data availability meta-analysis could only be conducted for gross macroscopic damage. ACL reconstruction caused significant gross macroscopic damage compared with intact controls (SMD 2.0 [0.88; 3.13]). These findings were supported by individual studies reporting on histomorphometrics, histology and imaging. No significant gross macroscopic damage was found when ACL reconstruction was compared with ACL transection (SMD -0.64 [-1.85; 0.57]). CONCLUSION This systematic review with an average follow up of included studies of 23 weeks (range 1-104 weeks) demonstrates that, in animals, ACL reconstruction does not protect articular cartilage from degenerative changes. The consistency of the direction of effect, provides some reassurance that the direction of effect in humans might be the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Deckers
- Department of Orthopedics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - P Stephan
- Department of Orthopedics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - K E Wever
- Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE), Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - C R Hooijmans
- Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE), Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - G Hannink
- Department of Orthopedics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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31
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Kozijn AE, Gierman LM, van der Ham F, Mulder P, Morrison MC, Kühnast S, van der Heijden RA, Stavro PM, van Koppen A, Pieterman EJ, van den Hoek AM, Kleemann R, Princen HMG, Mastbergen SC, Lafeber FPJG, Zuurmond AM, Bobeldijk I, Weinans H, Stoop R. Variable cartilage degradation in mice with diet-induced metabolic dysfunction: food for thought. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2018; 26:95-107. [PMID: 29074298 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human cohort studies have demonstrated a role for systemic metabolic dysfunction in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis in obese patients. To explore the mechanisms underlying this metabolic phenotype of OA, we examined cartilage degradation in the knees of mice from different genetic backgrounds in which a metabolic phenotype was established by various dietary approaches. DESIGN Wild-type C57BL/6J mice and genetically modified mice (hCRP, LDLr-/-. Leiden and ApoE*3Leiden.CETP mice) based on C57BL/6J background were used to investigate the contribution of inflammation and altered lipoprotein handling on diet-induced cartilage degradation. High-caloric diets of different macronutrient composition (i.e., high-carbohydrate or high-fat) were given in regimens of varying duration to induce a metabolic phenotype with aggravated cartilage degradation relative to controls. RESULTS Metabolic phenotypes were confirmed in all studies as mice developed obesity, hypercholesteremia, glucose intolerance and/or insulin resistance. Aggravated cartilage degradation was only observed in two out of the twelve experimental setups, specifically in long-term studies in male hCRP and female ApoE*3Leiden.CETP mice. C57BL/6J and LDLr-/-. Leiden mice did not develop HFD-induced OA under the conditions studied. Osteophyte formation and synovitis scores showed variable results between studies, but also between strains and gender. CONCLUSIONS Long-term feeding of high-caloric diets consistently induced a metabolic phenotype in various C57BL/6J (-based) mouse strains. In contrast, the induction of articular cartilage degradation proved variable, which suggests that an additional trigger might be necessary to accelerate diet-induced OA progression. Gender and genetic modifications that result in a humanized pro-inflammatory state (human CRP) or lipoprotein metabolism (human-E3L.CETP) were identified as important contributing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Kozijn
- Metabolic Health Research, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - L M Gierman
- Metabolic Health Research, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - F van der Ham
- Metabolic Health Research, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P Mulder
- Metabolic Health Research, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M C Morrison
- Metabolic Health Research, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - S Kühnast
- Metabolic Health Research, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R A van der Heijden
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, UMC Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P M Stavro
- Bunge North America, Saint Louis, United States
| | - A van Koppen
- Metabolic Health Research, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E J Pieterman
- Metabolic Health Research, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - R Kleemann
- Metabolic Health Research, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H M G Princen
- Metabolic Health Research, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - S C Mastbergen
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - F P J G Lafeber
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A-M Zuurmond
- Metabolic Health Research, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - I Bobeldijk
- Metabolic Health Research, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H Weinans
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - R Stoop
- Metabolic Health Research, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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32
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Son YO, Park S, Kwak JS, Won Y, Choi WS, Rhee J, Chun CH, Ryu JH, Kim DK, Choi HS, Chun JS. Estrogen-related receptor γ causes osteoarthritis by upregulating extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes. Nat Commun 2017; 8:2133. [PMID: 29247173 PMCID: PMC5732273 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01868-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The estrogen-related receptor (ERR) family of orphan nuclear receptor is composed of ERRα, ERRβ, and ERRγ, which are known to regulate various isoform-specific functions under normal and pathophysiological conditions. Here, we investigate the involvement of ERRs in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) in mice. Among ERR family members, ERRγ is markedly upregulated in cartilage from human OA patients and various mouse models of OA. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of ERRγ in mouse knee joint or transgenic expression of ERRγ in cartilage leads to OA. ERRγ overexpression in chondrocytes directly upregulates matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP13, which are known to play crucial roles in cartilage destruction in OA. In contrast, genetic ablation of Esrrg or shRNA-mediated downregulation of Esrrg in joint tissues abrogates experimental OA in mice. Our results collectively indicate that ERRγ is a novel catabolic regulator of OA pathogenesis. The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is unclear. The authors show that estrogen-related receptor gamma is upregulated in cartilage from patients and mouse models, where it drives production of matrix-degrading MMPs in chondrocytes, and that its downregulation ameliorates pathology in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ok Son
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulki Park
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Sun Kwak
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Won
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Su Choi
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseol Rhee
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Churl-Hong Chun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Hwang Ryu
- Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Don-Kyu Kim
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Soo Chun
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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