1
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Trebucq LL, Salvatore N, Wagner PM, Golombek DA, Chiesa JJ. Circadian Clock Gene bmal1 Acts as a Tumor Suppressor Gene in a Mice Model of Human Glioblastoma. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:5216-5229. [PMID: 38180613 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03895-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastomas derived from malignant astrocytes are the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system in humans, exhibiting very bad prognosis. Treatment with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy (mainly using temozolomide), generates as much one-year survival. The circadian clock controls different aspects of tumor development, and its role in GBM is beginning to be explored. Here, the role of the canonic circadian clock gene bmal1 was studied in vivo in a nude mice model bearing human GBMs from LN229 cells xenografted orthotopically in the dorsal striatum. For that aim, a bmal1 knock-down was generated in LN229 cells by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tool, and tumor progression was followed in male mice by measuring survival, tumor growth, cell proliferation and prognosis with CD44 marker, as well as astrocyte activation in the tumor microenvironment with GFAP and nestin markers. Disruption of bmal1 in the tumor decreased survival, increased tumor growth and CD44 expression, worsened motor performance, as well as increased GFAP expression in astrocytes at tumor microenvironment. In addition, survival and tumor progression was not affected in mice bearing LN229 wild type GBM that underwent circadian disruption by constant light, as compared to mice synchronized to 12:12 light-dark cycles. These results consistently demonstrate in an in vivo orthotopic model of human GBM, that bmal1 has a key role as a tumor suppressor gene regulating GBM progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Trebucq
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes/CONICET, Roque S. Peña 352, B1876BXD, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolas Salvatore
- Laboratorio de Biotransformaciones y Química de Ácidos Nucleicos, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes/CONICET, Roque S. Peña 352, B1876BXD, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula M Wagner
- CIQUIBIC-CONICET y Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Diego A Golombek
- Laboratorio Interdisciplinario del Tiempo (LITERA), Universidad de San Andrés, B1644BID, Victoria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan J Chiesa
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes/CONICET, Roque S. Peña 352, B1876BXD, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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2
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Chakraborty S, Wei D, Tran M, Lang FF, Newman RA, Yang P. PBI-05204, a supercritical CO 2 extract of Nerium oleander, suppresses glioblastoma stem cells by inhibiting GRP78 and inducing programmed necroptotic cell death. Neoplasia 2024; 54:101008. [PMID: 38823209 PMCID: PMC11177059 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2024.101008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Successful treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), an aggressive form of primary brain neoplasm, mandates the need to develop new therapeutic strategies. In this study, we investigated the potential of PBI-05204 in targeting GBM stem cells (GSCs) and the underlying mechanisms. Treatment with PBI-05204 significantly reduced both the number and size of tumor spheres derived from patient-derived GSCs (GBM9, GSC28 and TS543), and suppressed the tumorigenesis of GBM9 xenografts. Moreover, PBI-05204 treatment led to a significant decrease in the expression of CD44 and NANOG, crucial markers of progenitor stem cells, in GBM9 and GSC28 GSCs. This treatment also down-regulated GRP78 expression in both GSC types. Knocking down GRP78 expression through GRP78 siRNA transfection in GBM9 and GSC28 GSCs also resulted in reduced spheroid size and CD44 expression. Combining PBI-05204 with GRP78 siRNA further decreased spheroid numbers compared to GRP78 siRNA treatment alone. PBI-05204 treatment led to increased expression of pRIP1K and pRIP3K, along with enhanced binding of RIPK1/RIPK3 in GBM9 and GSC28 cells, resembling the effects observed in GRP78-silenced GSCs, suggesting that PBI-05204 induced necroptosis in these cells. Furthermore, oleandrin, a principle active cardiac glycoside component of PBI-05204, showed the ability to inhibit the self-renewal capacity in GSCs. These findings highlight the potential of PBI-05204 as a promising candidate for the development of novel therapies that target GBM stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmistha Chakraborty
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Daoyan Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Megan Tran
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Frederick F Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Robert A Newman
- Phoenix Biotechnology, San Antonio, Texas 78217, United States
| | - Peiying Yang
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States.
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3
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Hart WS, Myers PJ, Purow BW, Lazzara MJ. Divergent transcriptomic signatures from putative mesenchymal stimuli in glioblastoma cells. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:851-860. [PMID: 38337036 PMCID: PMC11192628 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00724-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
In glioblastoma, a mesenchymal phenotype is associated with especially poor patient outcomes. Various glioblastoma microenvironmental factors and therapeutic interventions are purported drivers of the mesenchymal transition, but the degree to which these cues promote the same mesenchymal transitions and the uniformity of those transitions, as defined by molecular subtyping systems, is unknown. Here, we investigate this question by analyzing publicly available patient data, surveying commonly measured transcripts for mesenchymal transitions in glioma-initiating cells (GIC), and performing next-generation RNA sequencing of GICs. Analysis of patient tumor data reveals that TGFβ, TNFα, and hypoxia signaling correlate with the mesenchymal subtype more than the proneural subtype. In cultured GICs, the microenvironment-relevant growth factors TGFβ and TNFα and the chemotherapeutic temozolomide promote expression of commonly measured mesenchymal transcripts. However, next-generation RNA sequencing reveals that growth factors and temozolomide broadly promote expression of both mesenchymal and proneural transcripts, in some cases with equal frequency. These results suggest that glioblastoma mesenchymal transitions do not occur as distinctly as in epithelial-derived cancers, at least as determined using common subtyping ontologies and measuring response to growth factors or chemotherapeutics. Further understanding of these issues may identify improved methods for pharmacologically targeting the mesenchymal phenotype in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Hart
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Paul J Myers
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Benjamin W Purow
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Matthew J Lazzara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
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4
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Tsen HT, Sun TC, Lai TK, Huang WY, Wang HC, Lu TT, Wang TW. Cisplatin-activated and hemoglobin-mediated injectable hydrogel system for antitumor chemodynamic and chemotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116713. [PMID: 38735083 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Low specificity and hypoxia-induced drug resistance are significant challenges in traditional cancer treatment. To enhance the anticancer efficacy, an injectable hydrogel system is developed through the formation of dynamic covalent bonds in hyaluronic acid, allowing for localized controlled release of drugs. This system also utilizes double-stranded DNA sequences for the intercalation delivery of the chemotherapeutic drug, enabling a multifaceted approach to therapy. Cisplatin not only serves as a chemotherapy drug but also acts as a catalyst for chemodynamic therapy (CDT) to initiate CDT cascades by creating hydrogen peroxide for the Fenton reaction. Hemoglobin, enclosed in PLGA nanoparticles, provides ferrous ions that react with hydrogen peroxide in an acidic environment, yielding hydroxyl radicals that induce cancer cell death. Additionally, oxygen released from hemoglobin mitigates hypoxia-induced chemoresistance, bolstering overall anticancer efficacy. Results demonstrate the shear-thinning properties and injectability of the hydrogel. Cisplatin elevates intracellular hydrogen peroxide levels in tumor cells, while hemoglobin efficiently releases ferrous ions and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. In in vitro and in vivo study, the combinational use of chemo- and chemodynamic therapies achieves a synergistic anticancer effect on combating glioblastoma. In summary, our CDT-based hydrogel, activated by endogenous cues and mediated by chemo drugs, spontaneously produces ROS and ameliorates the adverse tumor microenvironment with rational and selective antitumor strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsun-Tzu Tsen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chieh Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - To-Kai Lai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yuan Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Chih Wang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Te Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Wei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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5
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Kondapaneni RV, Gurung SK, Nakod PS, Goodarzi K, Yakati V, Lenart NA, Rao SS. Glioblastoma mechanobiology at multiple length scales. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 160:213860. [PMID: 38640876 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a primary brain cancer, is one of the most aggressive forms of human cancer, with a very low patient survival rate. A characteristic feature of GBM is the diffuse infiltration of tumor cells into the surrounding brain extracellular matrix (ECM) that provide biophysical, topographical, and biochemical cues. In particular, ECM stiffness and composition is known to play a key role in controlling various GBM cell behaviors including proliferation, migration, invasion, as well as the stem-like state and response to chemotherapies. In this review, we discuss the mechanical characteristics of the GBM microenvironment at multiple length scales, and how biomaterial scaffolds such as polymeric hydrogels, and fibers, as well as microfluidic chip-based platforms have been employed as tissue mimetic models to study GBM mechanobiology. We also highlight how such tissue mimetic models can impact the field of GBM mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Vamsi Kondapaneni
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Sumiran Kumar Gurung
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Pinaki S Nakod
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Kasra Goodarzi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Venu Yakati
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Nicholas A Lenart
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Shreyas S Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
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6
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Yalcin F, Haneke H, Efe IE, Kuhrt LD, Motta E, Nickl B, Flüh C, Synowitz M, Dzaye O, Bader M, Kettenmann H. Tumor associated microglia/macrophages utilize GPNMB to promote tumor growth and alter immune cell infiltration in glioma. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:50. [PMID: 38566120 PMCID: PMC10985997 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-024-01754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated microglia and blood-derived macrophages (TAMs) play a central role in modulating the immune suppressive microenvironment in glioma. Here, we show that GPNMB is predominantly expressed by TAMs in human glioblastoma multiforme and the murine RCAS-PDGFb high grade glioma model. Loss of GPNMB in the in vivo tumor microenvironment results in significantly smaller tumor volumes and generates a pro-inflammatory innate and adaptive immune cell microenvironment. The impact of host-derived GPNMB on tumor growth was confirmed in two distinct murine glioma cell lines in organotypic brain slices from GPNMB-KO and control mice. Using published data bases of human glioma, the elevated levels in TAMs could be confirmed and the GPNMB expression correlated with a poorer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Yalcin
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hannah Haneke
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ibrahim E Efe
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonard D Kuhrt
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Edyta Motta
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernadette Nickl
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Charlotte Flüh
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Synowitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Omar Dzaye
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
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7
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Sussman JH, Oldridge DA, Yu W, Chen CH, Zellmer AM, Rong J, Parvaresh-Rizi A, Thadi A, Xu J, Bandyopadhyay S, Sun Y, Wu D, Emerson Hunter C, Brosius S, Ahn KJ, Baxter AE, Koptyra MP, Vanguri RS, McGrory S, Resnick AC, Storm PB, Amankulor NM, Santi M, Viaene AN, Zhang N, Raedt TD, Cole K, Tan K. A longitudinal single-cell and spatial multiomic atlas of pediatric high-grade glioma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.06.583588. [PMID: 38496580 PMCID: PMC10942465 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.06.583588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG) is an incurable central nervous system malignancy that is a leading cause of pediatric cancer death. While pHGG shares many similarities to adult glioma, it is increasingly recognized as a molecularly distinct, yet highly heterogeneous disease. In this study, we longitudinally profiled a molecularly diverse cohort of 16 pHGG patients before and after standard therapy through single-nucleus RNA and ATAC sequencing, whole-genome sequencing, and CODEX spatial proteomics to capture the evolution of the tumor microenvironment during progression following treatment. We found that the canonical neoplastic cell phenotypes of adult glioblastoma are insufficient to capture the range of tumor cell states in a pediatric cohort and observed differential tumor-myeloid interactions between malignant cell states. We identified key transcriptional regulators of pHGG cell states and did not observe the marked proneural to mesenchymal shift characteristic of adult glioblastoma. We showed that essential neuromodulators and the interferon response are upregulated post-therapy along with an increase in non-neoplastic oligodendrocytes. Through in vitro pharmacological perturbation, we demonstrated novel malignant cell-intrinsic targets. This multiomic atlas of longitudinal pHGG captures the key features of therapy response that support distinction from its adult counterpart and suggests therapeutic strategies which are targeted to pediatric gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan H. Sussman
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine,
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Graduate Group in Genomics and Computational Biology, Perelman
School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Derek A. Oldridge
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School
of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Wenbao Yu
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital
of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman
School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Chia-Hui Chen
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital
of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Abigail M. Zellmer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School
of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jiazhen Rong
- Graduate Group in Genomics and Computational Biology, Perelman
School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Anusha Thadi
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital
of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jason Xu
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine,
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Graduate Group in Genomics and Computational Biology, Perelman
School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Shovik Bandyopadhyay
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine,
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of
Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA
| | - Yusha Sun
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine,
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine,
University of Pennsylvania, PA
| | - David Wu
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine,
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Graduate Group in Genomics and Computational Biology, Perelman
School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - C. Emerson Hunter
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine,
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Graduate Group in Genomics and Computational Biology, Perelman
School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Stephanie Brosius
- Graduate Group in Genomics and Computational Biology, Perelman
School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kyung Jin Ahn
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital
of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Amy E. Baxter
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School
of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mateusz P. Koptyra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital of
Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Rami S. Vanguri
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School
of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Stephanie McGrory
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital
of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Adam C. Resnick
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital of
Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Phillip B. Storm
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital of
Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Nduka M. Amankulor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine,
Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mariarita Santi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School
of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Angela N. Viaene
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School
of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Nancy Zhang
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Thomas De Raedt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School
of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital
of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kristina Cole
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital
of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman
School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kai Tan
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital
of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman
School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
- Center for Single Cell Biology, Children’s Hospital of
Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
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8
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de Oliveira KG, Bång-Rudenstam A, Beyer S, Boukredine A, Talbot H, Governa V, Johansson MC, Månsson AS, Forsberg-Nilsson K, Bengzon J, Malmström J, Welinder C, Belting M. Decoding of the surfaceome and endocytome in primary glioblastoma cells identifies potential target antigens in the hypoxic tumor niche. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:35. [PMID: 38414005 PMCID: PMC10898066 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-024-01740-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies with antibody-drug-conjugates (ADC) and CAR-T cells, targeted at tumor surface antigens (surfaceome), currently revolutionize clinical oncology. However, target identification warrants a better understanding of the surfaceome and how it is modulated by the tumor microenvironment. Here, we decode the surfaceome and endocytome and its remodeling by hypoxic stress in glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and aggressive brain tumor in adults. We employed a comprehensive approach for global and dynamic profiling of the surfaceome and endocytosed (endocytome) proteins and their regulation by hypoxia in patient-derived GBM cultures. We found a heterogeneous surface-endocytome profile and a divergent response to hypoxia across GBM cultures. We provide a quantitative ranking of more than 600 surface resident and endocytosed proteins, and their regulation by hypoxia, serving as a resource to the cancer research community. As proof-of-concept, the established target antigen CD44 was identified as a commonly and abundantly expressed surface protein with high endocytic activity. Among hypoxia induced proteins, we reveal CXADR, CD47, CD81, BSG, and FXYD6 as potential targets of the stressed GBM niche. We could validate these findings by immunofluorescence analyses in patient tumors and by increased expression in the hypoxic core of GBM spheroids. Selected candidates were finally confronted by treatment studies, showing their high capacity for internalization and ADC delivery. Importantly, we highlight the limited correlation between transcriptomics and proteomics, emphasizing the critical role of membrane protein enrichment strategies and quantitative mass spectrometry. Our findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the surface-endocytome and its remodeling by hypoxia in GBM as a resource for exploration of targets for immunotherapeutic approaches in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelin Gonçalves de Oliveira
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Section of Oncology, Lund University, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Bång-Rudenstam
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Section of Oncology, Lund University, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sarah Beyer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Section of Oncology, Lund University, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Axel Boukredine
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Section of Oncology, Lund University, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hugo Talbot
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Section of Oncology, Lund University, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Valeria Governa
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Section of Oncology, Lund University, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria C Johansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Section of Oncology, Lund University, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ann-Sofie Månsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Section of Oncology, Lund University, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Forsberg-Nilsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Johan Bengzon
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Neurosurgery, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Malmström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Infection Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Welinder
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Section of Oncology, Lund University, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mattias Belting
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Section of Oncology, Lund University, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden.
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiophysics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
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9
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Pavlova S, Fab L, Savchenko E, Ryabova A, Ryzhova M, Revishchin A, Pronin I, Usachev D, Kopylov A, Pavlova G. The Bi-(AID-1-T) G-Quadruplex Has a Janus Effect on Primary and Recurrent Gliomas: Anti-Proliferation and Pro-Migration. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:74. [PMID: 38256907 PMCID: PMC10819273 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
High-grade gliomas are considered an incurable disease. Despite all the various therapy options available, patient survival remains low, and the tumor usually returns. Tumor resistance to conventional therapy and stimulation of the migratory activity of surviving cells are the main factors that lead to recurrent tumors. When developing new treatment approaches, the effect is most often evaluated on standard and phenotypically depleted cancer cell lines. Moreover, there is much focus on the anti-proliferative effect of such therapies without considering the possible stimulation of migratory activity. In this paper, we studied how glioma cell migration changes after exposure to bi-(AID-1-T), an anti-proliferative aptamer. We investigated the effect of this aptamer on eight human glioma cell cultures (Grades III and IV) that were derived from patients' tumor tissue; the difference between primary and recurrent tumors was taken into account. Despite its strong anti-proliferative activity, bi-(AID-1-T) was shown to induce migration of recurrent tumor cells. This result shows the importance of studying the effect of therapeutic molecules on the invasive properties of glioma tumor cells in order to reduce the likelihood of inducing tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Pavlova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117485 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lika Fab
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117485 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Savchenko
- Federal State Autonomous Institution N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Ryabova
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Ryzhova
- Federal State Autonomous Institution N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Revishchin
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117485 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Pronin
- Federal State Autonomous Institution N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Usachev
- Federal State Autonomous Institution N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Kopylov
- Belozersky Research Institute of Physical Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Galina Pavlova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117485 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Autonomous Institution N. N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 125047 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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10
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Pickering AJ, Lamson NG, Marand MH, Hwang W, Straehla JP, Hammond PT. Layer-by-Layer Polymer Functionalization Improves Nanoparticle Penetration and Glioblastoma Targeting in the Brain. ACS NANO 2023; 17:24154-24169. [PMID: 37992211 PMCID: PMC10964212 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is characterized by diffuse infiltration into surrounding healthy brain tissues, which makes it challenging to treat. Complete surgical resection is often impossible, and systemically delivered drugs cannot achieve adequate tumor exposure to prevent local recurrence. Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) offers a method for administering therapeutics directly into brain tumor tissue, but its impact has been limited by rapid clearance and off-target cellular uptake. Nanoparticle (NP) encapsulation presents a promising strategy for extending the retention time of locally delivered therapies while specifically targeting glioblastoma cells. However, the brain's extracellular structure poses challenges for NP distribution due to its narrow, tortuous pores and a harsh ionic environment. In this study, we investigated the impact of NP surface chemistry using layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly to design drug carriers for broad spatial distribution in brain tissue and specific glioblastoma cell targeting. We found that poly-l-glutamate and hyaluronate were effective surface chemistries for targeting glioblastoma cells in vitro. Coadsorbing either polymer with a small fraction of PEGylated polyelectrolytes improved the colloidal stability without sacrificing cancer cell selectivity. Following CED in vivo, gadolinium-functionalized LbL NPs enabled MRI visualization and exhibited a distribution volume up to three times larger than liposomes and doubled the retention half-time up to 13.5 days. Flow cytometric analysis of CED-treated murine orthotopic brain tumors indicated greater cancer cell uptake and reduced healthy cell uptake for LbL NPs compared to nonfunctionalized liposomes. The distinct cellular outcomes for different colayered LbL NPs provide opportunities to tailor this modular delivery system for various therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Pickering
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nicholas G. Lamson
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Michael H. Marand
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Wei Hwang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Joelle P. Straehla
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Paula T. Hammond
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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11
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Semenov DV, Vasileva NS, Dymova MA, Mishinov SV, Savinovskaya YI, Ageenko AB, Dome AS, Zinchenko ND, Stepanov GA, Kochneva GV, Richter VA, Kuligina EV. Transcriptome Changes in Glioma Cells upon Infection with the Oncolytic Virus VV-GMCSF-Lact. Cells 2023; 12:2616. [PMID: 37998351 PMCID: PMC10670333 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy is a rapidly evolving approach that aims to selectively kill cancer cells. We designed a promising recombinant vaccinia virus, VV-GMCSF-Lact, for the treatment of solid tumors, including glioma. We assessed how VV-GMCSF-Lact affects human cells using immortalized and patient-derived glioma cultures and a non-malignant brain cell culture. Studying transcriptome changes in cells 12 h or 24 h after VV-GMCSF-Lact infection, we detected the common activation of histone genes. Additionally, genes associated with the interferon-gamma response, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, and inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathways showed increased expression. By contrast, genes involved in cell cycle progression, including spindle organization, sister chromatid segregation, and the G2/M checkpoint, were downregulated following virus infection. The upregulation of genes responsible for Golgi vesicles, protein transport, and secretion correlated with reduced sensitivity to the cytotoxic effect of VV-GMCSF-Lact. Higher expression of genes encoding proteins, which participate in the maturation of pol II nuclear transcripts and mRNA splicing, was associated with an increased sensitivity to viral cytotoxicity. Genes whose expression correlates with the sensitivity of cells to the virus are important for increasing the effectiveness of cancer virotherapy. Overall, the results highlight molecular markers, biological pathways, and gene networks influencing the response of glioma cells to VV-GMCSF-Lact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy V. Semenov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyev Avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.V.); (M.A.D.); (Y.I.S.); (A.B.A.); (A.S.D.); (N.D.Z.); (G.A.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Natalia S. Vasileva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyev Avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.V.); (M.A.D.); (Y.I.S.); (A.B.A.); (A.S.D.); (N.D.Z.); (G.A.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Maya A. Dymova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyev Avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.V.); (M.A.D.); (Y.I.S.); (A.B.A.); (A.S.D.); (N.D.Z.); (G.A.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Sergey V. Mishinov
- Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. Ya.L. Tsivyan, Department of Neurosurgery, Frunze Street, 17, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Yulya I. Savinovskaya
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyev Avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.V.); (M.A.D.); (Y.I.S.); (A.B.A.); (A.S.D.); (N.D.Z.); (G.A.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Alisa B. Ageenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyev Avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.V.); (M.A.D.); (Y.I.S.); (A.B.A.); (A.S.D.); (N.D.Z.); (G.A.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Anton S. Dome
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyev Avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.V.); (M.A.D.); (Y.I.S.); (A.B.A.); (A.S.D.); (N.D.Z.); (G.A.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Nikita D. Zinchenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyev Avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.V.); (M.A.D.); (Y.I.S.); (A.B.A.); (A.S.D.); (N.D.Z.); (G.A.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Grigory A. Stepanov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyev Avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.V.); (M.A.D.); (Y.I.S.); (A.B.A.); (A.S.D.); (N.D.Z.); (G.A.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Galina V. Kochneva
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Koltsovo, Russia;
| | - Vladimir A. Richter
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyev Avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.V.); (M.A.D.); (Y.I.S.); (A.B.A.); (A.S.D.); (N.D.Z.); (G.A.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Elena V. Kuligina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyev Avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.V.); (M.A.D.); (Y.I.S.); (A.B.A.); (A.S.D.); (N.D.Z.); (G.A.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
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12
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Smedley W, Patra A. JAK3 Inhibition Regulates Stemness and Thereby Controls Glioblastoma Pathogenesis. Cells 2023; 12:2547. [PMID: 37947625 PMCID: PMC10649349 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most deadly brain tumor, effective treatment options for which still remain elusive. The current treatment procedure of maximal resection followed by chemotherapy has proved to be grossly insufficient to prevent disease progression and death. Despite best efforts, the maximum survival post-diagnosis is a mere 1.5 years. Therefore, there is a huge unmet clinical need to find effective therapeutic procedures to prevent the pathogenesis and relapse of GBM. Small-molecule inhibitors of signaling pathways are an attractive option to prevent various types of tumors. However, no effective small-molecule inhibitors have been successful against GBM in clinical trials. Various signaling pathways are altered and an array of signaling molecules, transcription factors (TFs), and epigenetic modifying factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of GBM. JAK-STAT pathway alteration is an important contributor to GBM pathogenesis and relapse. Many small-molecule inhibitors of JAKs, or STAT TFs, especially JAK2 and STAT3, have been assessed for their anti-tumor activity in GBM. However, no definitive success so far has been achieved. Herein, by using two small-molecule inhibitors of JAK3, we show that they are quite effective in inhibiting GBM cell proliferation and neurosphere formation, downregulating their stemness character, and inducing differentiation into neuronal origin cells. The effect of a single treatment with the drugs, both in a serum-containing differentiation medium and in a proliferation medium containing EGF and FGF, was really strong in limiting GBM cell growth, suggesting a potential therapeutic application for these JAK inhibitors in GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Smedley
- Peninsula Medical School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL6 8BU, UK;
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AX, UK
| | - Amiya Patra
- Peninsula Medical School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL6 8BU, UK;
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13
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Blanchard R, Adjei I. Engineering the glioblastoma microenvironment with bioactive nanoparticles for effective immunotherapy. RSC Adv 2023; 13:31411-31425. [PMID: 37901257 PMCID: PMC10603567 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01153d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
While immunotherapies have revolutionized treatment for other cancers, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients have not shown similar positive responses. The limited response to immunotherapies is partly due to the unique challenges associated with the GBM tumor microenvironment (TME), which promotes resistance to immunotherapies, causing many promising therapies to fail. There is, therefore, an urgent need to develop strategies that make the TME immune permissive to promote treatment efficacy. Bioactive nano-delivery systems, in which the nanoparticle, due to its chemical composition, provides the pharmacological function, have recently emerged as an encouraging option for enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapeutics. These systems are designed to overcome immunosuppressive mechanisms in the TME to improve the efficacy of a therapy. This review will discuss different aspects of the TME and how they impede therapy success. Then, we will summarize recent developments in TME-modifying nanotherapeutics and the in vitro models utilized to facilitate these advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Blanchard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University TX USA
| | - Isaac Adjei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University TX USA
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14
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Inoue A, Ohnishi T, Nishikawa M, Ohtsuka Y, Kusakabe K, Yano H, Tanaka J, Kunieda T. A Narrative Review on CD44's Role in Glioblastoma Invasion, Proliferation, and Tumor Recurrence. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4898. [PMID: 37835592 PMCID: PMC10572085 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
High invasiveness is a characteristic of glioblastoma (GBM), making radical resection almost impossible, and thus, resulting in a tumor with inevitable recurrence. GBM recurrence may be caused by glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) that survive many kinds of therapy. GSCs with high expression levels of CD44 are highly invasive and resistant to radio-chemotherapy. CD44 is a multifunctional molecule that promotes the invasion and proliferation of tumor cells via various signaling pathways. Among these, paired pathways reciprocally activate invasion and proliferation under different hypoxic conditions. Severe hypoxia (0.5-2.5% O2) upregulates hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, which then activates target genes, including CD44, TGF-β, and cMET, all of which are related to tumor migration and invasion. In contrast, moderate hypoxia (2.5-5% O2) upregulates HIF-2α, which activates target genes, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGFR2, cMYC, and cyclin D1. All these genes are related to tumor proliferation. Oxygen environments around GBM can change before and after tumor resection. Before resection, the oxygen concentration at the tumor periphery is severely hypoxic. In the reparative stage after resection, the resection cavity shows moderate hypoxia. These observations suggest that upregulated CD44 under severe hypoxia may promote the migration and invasion of tumor cells. Conversely, when tumor resection leads to moderate hypoxia, upregulated HIF-2α activates HIF-2α target genes. The phenotypic transition regulated by CD44, leading to a dichotomy between invasion and proliferation according to hypoxic conditions, may play a crucial role in GBM recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Inoue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (K.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Takanori Ohnishi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (K.K.); (T.K.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Advanced Brain Disease Center, Washoukai Sadamoto Hospital, 1-6-1 Takehara, Matsuyama 790-0052, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (K.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Yoshihiro Ohtsuka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (K.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Kosuke Kusakabe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (K.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Hajime Yano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicene, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan; (H.Y.); (J.T.)
| | - Junya Tanaka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicene, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan; (H.Y.); (J.T.)
| | - Takeharu Kunieda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon 791-0295, Ehime, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.O.); (K.K.); (T.K.)
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15
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Farrugia BL, Melrose J. The Glycosaminoglycan Side Chains and Modular Core Proteins of Heparan Sulphate Proteoglycans and the Varied Ways They Provide Tissue Protection by Regulating Physiological Processes and Cellular Behaviour. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14101. [PMID: 37762403 PMCID: PMC10531531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review examines the roles of HS-proteoglycans (HS-PGs) in general, and, in particular, perlecan and syndecan as representative examples and their interactive ligands, which regulate physiological processes and cellular behavior in health and disease. HS-PGs are essential for the functional properties of tissues both in development and in the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling that occurs in response to trauma or disease. HS-PGs interact with a biodiverse range of chemokines, chemokine receptors, protease inhibitors, and growth factors in immune regulation, inflammation, ECM stabilization, and tissue protection. Some cell regulatory proteoglycan receptors are dually modified hybrid HS/CS proteoglycans (betaglycan, CD47). Neurexins provide synaptic stabilization, plasticity, and specificity of interaction, promoting neurotransduction, neurogenesis, and differentiation. Ternary complexes of glypican-1 and Robbo-Slit neuroregulatory proteins direct axonogenesis and neural network formation. Specific neurexin-neuroligin complexes stabilize synaptic interactions and neural activity. Disruption in these interactions leads to neurological deficits in disorders of functional cognitive decline. Interactions with HS-PGs also promote or inhibit tumor development. Thus, HS-PGs have complex and diverse regulatory roles in the physiological processes that regulate cellular behavior and the functional properties of normal and pathological tissues. Specialized HS-PGs, such as the neurexins, pikachurin, and Eyes-shut, provide synaptic stabilization and specificity of neural transduction and also stabilize the axenome primary cilium of phototoreceptors and ribbon synapse interactions with bipolar neurons of retinal neural networks, which are essential in ocular vision. Pikachurin and Eyes-Shut interactions with an α-dystroglycan stabilize the photoreceptor synapse. Novel regulatory roles for HS-PGs controlling cell behavior and tissue function are expected to continue to be uncovered in this fascinating class of proteoglycan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L. Farrugia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - James Melrose
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Raymond Purves Laboratory of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- Sydney Medical School (Northern), University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
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16
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Slepak TI, Guyot M, Walters W, Eichberg DG, Ivan ME. Dual role of the adhesion G-protein coupled receptor ADRGE5/CD97 in glioblastoma invasion and proliferation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105105. [PMID: 37517698 PMCID: PMC10481366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
CD97, an adhesion G-protein coupled receptor highly expressed in glioblastoma (GBM), consists of two noncovalently bound domains: the N-terminal fragment (NTF) and C-terminal fragment. The C-terminal fragment contains a GPCR domain that couples to Gα12/13, while the NTF interacts with extracellular matrix components and other receptors. We investigated the effects of changing CD97 levels and its function on primary patient-derived GBM stem cells (pdGSCs) in vitro and in vivo. We created two functional mutants: a constitutively active ΔNTF and the noncleavable dominant-negative H436A mutant. The CD97 knockdown in pdGSCs decreased, while overexpression of CD97 increased tumor size. Unlike other constructs, the ΔNTF mutant promoted tumor cell proliferation, but the tumors were comparable in size to those with CD97 overexpression. As expected, the GBM tumors overexpressing CD97 were very invasive, but surprisingly, the knockdown did not inhibit invasiveness and even induced it in noninvasive U87 tumors. Importantly, our results indicate that NTF was present in the tumor core cells but absent in the pdGSCs invading the brain. Furthermore, the expression of noncleavable H436A mutant led to large tumors that invade by sending massive protrusions, but the invasion of individual tumor cells was substantially reduced. These data suggest that NTF association with CD97 GPCR domain inhibits individual cell dissemination but not overall tumor invasion. However, NTF dissociation facilitates pdGSCs brain infiltration and may promote tumor proliferation. Thus, the interplay between two functional domains regulates CD97 activity resulting in either enhanced cell adhesion or stimulation of tumor cell invasion and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana I Slepak
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Hospital, University of Miami, Coral Gables, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Coral Gables, USA
| | - Manuela Guyot
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Hospital, University of Miami, Coral Gables, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Coral Gables, USA
| | - Winston Walters
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Hospital, University of Miami, Coral Gables, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Coral Gables, USA
| | - Daniel G Eichberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Hospital, University of Miami, Coral Gables, USA
| | - Michael E Ivan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami Hospital, University of Miami, Coral Gables, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Coral Gables, USA.
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17
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Inoue A, Ohnishi T, Nishikawa M, Watanabe H, Kusakabe K, Taniwaki M, Yano H, Ohtsuka Y, Matsumoto S, Suehiro S, Yamashita D, Shigekawa S, Takahashi H, Kitazawa R, Tanaka J, Kunieda T. Identification of CD44 as a Reliable Biomarker for Glioblastoma Invasion: Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopic Analysis of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Fluorescence. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2369. [PMID: 37760811 PMCID: PMC10525185 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is largely attributed to peritumoral infiltration of tumor cells. As higher CD44 expression in the tumor periphery correlates with higher risk of GBM invasion, the present study analyzed the relationship between CD44 expression and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based invasiveness of GBM on a large scale. We also quantitatively evaluated GBM invasion using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) spectroscopy to investigate the relationship between CD44 expression and tumor invasiveness as evaluated by intraoperative 5-ALA intensity. Based on MRI, GBM was classified as high-invasive type in 28 patients and low-invasive type in 22 patients. High-invasive type expressed CD44 at a significantly higher level than low-invasive type and was associated with worse survival. To quantitatively analyze GBM invasiveness, the relationship between tumor density in the peritumoral area and the spectroscopic intensity of 5-ALA was investigated. Spectroscopy showed that the 5-ALA intensity of infiltrating tumor cells correlated with tumor density as represented by the Ki-67 staining index. No significant correlation between CD44 and degree of 5-ALA-based invasiveness of GBM was found, but invasiveness of GBM as evaluated by 5-ALA matched the classification from MRI in all except one case, indicating that CD44 expression at the GBM periphery could provide a reliable biomarker for invasiveness in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Inoue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; (M.N.); (H.W.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.Y.); (S.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Takanori Ohnishi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washoukai Sadamoto Hospital, 1-6-1 Takehara, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-0052, Japan;
| | - Masahiro Nishikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; (M.N.); (H.W.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.Y.); (S.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Hideaki Watanabe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; (M.N.); (H.W.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.Y.); (S.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Kosuke Kusakabe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; (M.N.); (H.W.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.Y.); (S.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Mashio Taniwaki
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Ehime University Hospital, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; (M.T.); (R.K.)
| | - Hajime Yano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Ehime University School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; (H.Y.); (J.T.)
| | - Yoshihiro Ohtsuka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; (M.N.); (H.W.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.Y.); (S.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Shirabe Matsumoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; (M.N.); (H.W.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.Y.); (S.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Satoshi Suehiro
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; (M.N.); (H.W.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.Y.); (S.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Daisuke Yamashita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; (M.N.); (H.W.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.Y.); (S.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Seiji Shigekawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; (M.N.); (H.W.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.Y.); (S.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Hisaaki Takahashi
- Division of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1181, Japan;
| | - Riko Kitazawa
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Ehime University Hospital, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; (M.T.); (R.K.)
| | - Junya Tanaka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Ehime University School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; (H.Y.); (J.T.)
| | - Takeharu Kunieda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan; (M.N.); (H.W.); (K.K.); (Y.O.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.Y.); (S.S.); (T.K.)
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18
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Farsi Z, Allahyari Fard N. The identification of key genes and pathways in glioblastoma by bioinformatics analysis. Mol Cell Oncol 2023; 10:2246657. [PMID: 37593751 PMCID: PMC10431734 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2023.2246657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
GBM is the most common and aggressive type of brain tumor. It is classified as a grade IV tumor by the WHO, the highest grade. Prognosis is generally poor, with most patients surviving only about a year. Only 5% of patients survive longer than 5 years. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that drive GBM progression is critical for developing better diagnostic and treatment strategies. Identifying key genes involved in GBM pathogenesis is essential to fully understand the disease and develop targeted therapies. In this study two datasets, GSE108474 and GSE50161, were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to compare gene expression between GBM and normal samples. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and analyzed. To construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the commonly up-regulated and down-regulated genes, the STRING 11.5 and Cytoscape 3.9.1 were utilized. Key genes were identified through this network analysis. The GEPIA database was used to confirm the expression levels of these key genes and their association with survival. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses on the DEGs were conducted using the Enrichr server. In total, 698 DEGs were identified, consisting of 377 up-regulated genes and 318 down-regulated genes. Within the PPI network, 11 key up-regulated genes and 13 key down-regulated genes associated with GBM were identified. NOTCH1, TOP2A, CD44, PTPRC, CDK4, HNRNPU, and PDGFRA were found to be important targets for potential drug design against GBM. Additionally, functional enrichment analysis revealed the significant impact of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Cell Cycle, and P53 signaling pathways on GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Farsi
- Department of Biology, Noor-Dnaesh Institute of Higher Education, Esfahan, Iran
| | - Najaf Allahyari Fard
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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19
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Melrose J. Hyaluronan hydrates and compartmentalises the CNS/PNS extracellular matrix and provides niche environments conducive to the optimisation of neuronal activity. J Neurochem 2023; 166:637-653. [PMID: 37492973 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The central nervous system/peripheral nervous system (CNS/PNS) extracellular matrix is a dynamic and highly interactive space-filling, cell-supportive, matrix-stabilising, hydrating entity that creates and maintains tissue compartments to facilitate regional ionic micro-environments and micro-gradients that promote optimal neural cellular activity. The CNS/PNS does not contain large supportive collagenous and elastic fibrillar networks but is dominated by a high glycosaminoglycan content, predominantly hyaluronan (HA) and collagen is restricted to the brain microvasculature, blood-brain barrier, neuromuscular junction and meninges dura, arachnoid and pia mater. Chondroitin sulphate-rich proteoglycans (lecticans) interactive with HA have stabilising roles in perineuronal nets and contribute to neural plasticity, memory and cognitive processes. Hyaluronan also interacts with sialoproteoglycan associated with cones and rods (SPACRCAN) to stabilise the interphotoreceptor matrix and has protective properties that ensure photoreceptor viability and function is maintained. HA also regulates myelination/re-myelination in neural networks. HA fragmentation has been observed in white matter injury, multiple sclerosis, and traumatic brain injury. HA fragments (2 × 105 Da) regulate oligodendrocyte precursor cell maturation, myelination/remyelination, and interact with TLR4 to initiate signalling cascades that mediate myelin basic protein transcription. HA and its fragments have regulatory roles over myelination which ensure high axonal neurotransduction rates are maintained in neural networks. Glioma is a particularly invasive brain tumour with extremely high mortality rates. HA, CD44 and RHAMM (receptor for HA-mediated motility) HA receptors are highly expressed in this tumour. Conventional anti-glioma drug treatments have been largely ineffective and surgical removal is normally not an option. CD44 and RHAMM glioma HA receptors can potentially be used to target gliomas with PEP-1, a cell-penetrating HA-binding peptide. PEP-1 can be conjugated to a therapeutic drug; such drug conjugates have successfully treated dense non-operative tumours in other tissues, therefore similar applications warrant exploration as potential anti-glioma treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Melrose
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Northern, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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20
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Bashkeran T, Kamaruddin AH, Ngo TX, Suda K, Umakoshi H, Watanabe N, Nadzir MM. Niosomes in cancer treatment: A focus on curcumin encapsulation. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18710. [PMID: 37593605 PMCID: PMC10428065 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is widely used as a therapeutic drug for cancer treatment. However, its limited absorption and rapid excretion are the major therapeutic limitations to its clinical use. Using niosomes as a curcumin delivery system is a cheap, easy, and less toxic strategy for enhancing the absorption of curcumin by cells and delaying its excretion. Thus, there is a vital need to explore curcumin niosomes to configure the curcumin to suitably serve and aid current pharmacokinetics in treatments for cancer. To date, no comprehensive review has focused on the cytotoxic effects of curcumin niosomes on malignant cells. Thus, this review provides a critical analysis of the curcumin niosomes in cancer treatment, formulations of curcumin niosomes, characterizations of curcumin niosomes, and factors influencing their performance. The findings from this review article can strongly accelerate the understanding of curcumin niosomes and pave a brighter direction towards advances in the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and medical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaaranni Bashkeran
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Azlina Harun Kamaruddin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Trung Xuan Ngo
- Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Basic Research Division, Research Village Kyoto, 6-5-4 Kunimidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto, 619-0216, Japan
| | - Kazuma Suda
- Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Basic Research Division, Research Village Kyoto, 6-5-4 Kunimidai, Kizugawa, Kyoto, 619-0216, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Umakoshi
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Nozomi Watanabe
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Masrina Mohd Nadzir
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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21
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Allahyarzadeh Khiabani N, Amin Doustvandi M, Mohammadnejad F, Salmani Hassan Kohal E, Boushehri N, Jafarlou M, Baradaran B. Combination of B7H6-siRNA and temozolomide synergistically reduces stemness and migration properties of glioblastoma cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2023:113667. [PMID: 37247720 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is among the malignant brain tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). The survival of this disease is about 14 months after diagnosis. To date, temozolomide is known as first-line therapy for glioma. Drug resistance and severe side effects against this drug are important obstacles to the effective treatment of this cancer. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) can adjust the expression of several genes and is used as a new method of gene therapy. Recent studies have shown that siRNAs can increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs. This study aimed to understand the potential role and molecular mechanism of the combination therapy of B7H6-siRNA and temozolomide in glioblastoma cancer. U87 cells were treated with B7H6-siRNA and temozolomide, separately and in combination. Cell viability, stemness, cell migration, and apoptosis were measured. The results of this work presented the synergistic effect of B7H6-siRNA and temozolomide in inhibiting the cancerous features of the U87 cell line. Down-regulating B7H6-siRNA expression inhibited the cell viability of U87 glioblastoma cancer cells and increased their sensitivity to temozolomide. In addition, a noteworthy decrease in cell migration ability and stemness, an increase in apoptosis were observed in the combined groups compared to B7H6-siRNA and temozolomide individually. According to the results, a combination of B7H6-siRNA and temozolomide can be a promising strategy in glioblastoma cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Allahyarzadeh Khiabani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Genetics, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Doustvandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Neda Boushehri
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Jafarlou
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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22
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Pombero A, Garcia-Lopez R, Martínez S. Pericyte-Glioblastoma Cell Interaction: A Key Target to Prevent Glioblastoma Progression. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091324. [PMID: 37174724 PMCID: PMC10177553 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple biological processes rely on direct intercellular interactions to regulate cell proliferation and migration in embryonic development and cancer processes. Tumor development and growth depends on close interactions between cancer cells and cells in the tumor microenvironment. During embryonic development, morphogenetic signals and direct cell contacts control cell proliferation, polarity, and morphogenesis. Cancer cells communicate with cells in the tumor niche through molecular signals and intercellular contacts, thereby modifying the vascular architecture and antitumor surveillance processes and consequently enabling tumor growth and survival. While looking for cell-to-cell signaling mechanisms that are common to both brain development and cancer progression, we have studied the infiltration process in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), which is the most malignant primary brain tumor and with the worst prognosis. Cell-to-cell contacts, by means of filopodia-like structures, between GBM cells and brain pericytes (PCs) are necessary for adequate cell signaling during cancer infiltration; similarly, contacts between embryonic regions, via cytonemes, are required for embryo regionalization and development. This GBM-PC interaction provokes two important changes in the physiological function of these perivascular cells, namely, (i) vascular co-option with changes in cell contractility and vascular malformation, and (ii) changes in the PC transcriptome, modifying the microvesicles and protein secretome, which leads to the development of an immunosuppressive phenotype that promotes tumor immune tolerance. Moreover, the GTPase Cdc42 regulates cell polarity across organisms, from yeast to humans, playing a central role in GBM cell-PC interaction and maintaining vascular co-option. As such, a review of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the development and maintenance of the physical interactions between cancer cells and PCs is of particular interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pombero
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Campus de San Juan, Avda. Ramón y Cajal sn, 03550 Alicante, Spain
| | - Raquel Garcia-Lopez
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Campus de San Juan, Avda. Ramón y Cajal sn, 03550 Alicante, Spain
| | - Salvador Martínez
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Campus de San Juan, Avda. Ramón y Cajal sn, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-ISCIII, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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23
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Phon BWS, Bhuvanendran S, Ayub Q, Radhakrishnan AK, Kamarudin MNA. Identification of Prominent Genes between 3D Glioblastoma Models and Clinical Samples via GEO/TCGA/CGGA Data Analysis. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050648. [PMID: 37237462 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A paradigm shift in preclinical evaluations of new anticancer GBM drugs should occur in favour of 3D cultures. This study leveraged the vast genomic data banks to investigate the suitability of 3D cultures as cell-based models for GBM. We hypothesised that correlating genes that are highly upregulated in 3D GBM models will have an impact in GBM patients, which will support 3D cultures as more reliable preclinical models for GBM. Using clinical samples of brain tissue from healthy individuals and GBM patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases, several genes related to pathways such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes (CD44, TWIST1, SNAI1, CDH2, FN1, VIM), angiogenesis/migration-related genes (MMP1, MMP2, MMP9, VEGFA), hypoxia-related genes (HIF1A, PLAT), stemness-related genes (SOX2, PROM1, NES, FOS), and genes involved in the Wnt signalling pathway (DKK1, FZD7) were found to be upregulated in brain samples from GBM patients, and the expression of these genes were also enhanced in 3D GBM cells. Additionally, EMT-related genes were upregulated in GBM archetypes (wild-type IDH1R132 ) that historically have poorer treatment responses, with said genes being significant predictors of poorer survival in the TCGA cohort. These findings reinforced the hypothesis that 3D GBM cultures can be used as reliable models to study increased epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions in clinical GBM samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Wee Siang Phon
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Saatheeyavaane Bhuvanendran
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Qasim Ayub
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
- Monash University Malaysia Genomics Facility, Monash University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
- Tropical Medicine and Biology Multidisciplinary Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Ammu Kutty Radhakrishnan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Noor Alfarizal Kamarudin
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
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24
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Wang X, Gong Z, Wang T, Law J, Chen X, Wanggou S, Wang J, Ying B, Francisco M, Dong W, Xiong Y, Fan JJ, MacLeod G, Angers S, Li X, Dirks PB, Liu X, Huang X, Sun Y. Mechanical nanosurgery of chemoresistant glioblastoma using magnetically controlled carbon nanotubes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade5321. [PMID: 36989359 PMCID: PMC10058241 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade5321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain cancer. Despite multimodal treatment including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, median patient survival has remained at ~15 months for decades. This situation demands an outside-the-box treatment approach. Using magnetic carbon nanotubes (mCNTs) and precision magnetic field control, we report a mechanical approach to treat chemoresistant GBM. We show that GBM cells internalize mCNTs, the mobilization of which by rotating magnetic field results in cell death. Spatiotemporally controlled mobilization of intratumorally delivered mCNTs suppresses GBM growth in vivo. Functionalization of mCNTs with anti-CD44 antibody, which recognizes GBM cell surface-enriched antigen CD44, increases mCNT recognition of cancer cells, prolongs mCNT enrichment within the tumor, and enhances therapeutic efficacy. Using mouse models of GBM with upfront or therapy-induced resistance to temozolomide, we show that mCNT treatment is effective in treating chemoresistant GBM. Together, we establish mCNT-based mechanical nanosurgery as a treatment option for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wang
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zheyuan Gong
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tiancong Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Junhui Law
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xin Chen
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Songjiang Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Siyi Wanggou
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Brain Tumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jintian Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Binbin Ying
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michelle Francisco
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Weifan Dong
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yi Xiong
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Brain Tumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jerry J. Fan
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Graham MacLeod
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephane Angers
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Brain Tumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Peter B. Dirks
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xi Huang
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Corresponding author. (X.H.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Corresponding author. (X.H.); (Y.S.)
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25
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Vaidya M, Sreerama S, Gonzalez-Vega M, Smith J, Field M, Sugaya K. Coculture with Neural Stem Cells May Shift the Transcription Profile of Glioblastoma Multiforme towards Cancer-Specific Stemness. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043242. [PMID: 36834653 PMCID: PMC9962301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) possesses a small but significant population of cancer stem cells (CSCs) thought to play a role in its invasiveness, recurrence, and metastasis. The CSCs display transcriptional profiles for multipotency, self-renewal, tumorigenesis, and therapy resistance. There are two possible theories regarding the origin of CSCs in the context of neural stem cells (NSCs); i.e., NSCs modify cancer cells by conferring them with cancer-specific stemness, or NSCs themselves are transformed into CSCs due to the tumor environment created by cancer cells. To test the theories and to investigate the transcriptional regulation of the genes involved in CSC formation, we cocultured NSC and GBM cell lines together. Where genes related to cancer stemness, drug efflux, and DNA modification were upregulated in GBM, they were downregulated in NSCs upon coculture. These results indicate that cancer cells shift the transcriptional profile towards stemness and drug resistance in the presence of NSCs. Concurrently, GBM triggers NSCs differentiation. Because the cell lines were separated by a membrane (0.4 µm pore size) to prevent direct contact between GBM and NSCs, cell-secreted signaling molecules and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are likely involved in reciprocal communication between NSCs and GBM, causing transcription modification. Understanding the mechanism of CSC creation will aid in the identification of precise molecular targets within the CSCs to exterminate them, which, in turn, will increase the efficacy of chemo-radiation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjusha Vaidya
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Sandeep Sreerama
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Maxine Gonzalez-Vega
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Jonhoi Smith
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Melvin Field
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- Orlando Neurosurgery, AdventHealth Neuroscience Institute, Orlando, FL 32803, USA
| | - Kiminobu Sugaya
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- Correspondence:
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26
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Tumor vasculature VS tumor cell targeting: Understanding the latest trends in using functional nanoparticles for cancer treatment. OPENNANO 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2023.100136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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27
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Pieri V, Gallotti AL, Drago D, Cominelli M, Pagano I, Conti V, Valtorta S, Coliva A, Lago S, Michelatti D, Massimino L, Ungaro F, Perani L, Spinelli A, Castellano A, Falini A, Zippo A, Poliani PL, Moresco RM, Andolfo A, Galli R. Aberrant L-Fucose Accumulation and Increased Core Fucosylation Are Metabolic Liabilities in Mesenchymal Glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2023; 83:195-218. [PMID: 36409826 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a common and deadly form of brain tumor in adults. Dysregulated metabolism in GBM offers an opportunity to deploy metabolic interventions as precise therapeutic strategies. To identify the molecular drivers and the modalities by which different molecular subgroups of GBM exploit metabolic rewiring to sustain tumor progression, we interrogated the transcriptome, the metabolome, and the glycoproteome of human subgroup-specific GBM sphere-forming cells (GSC). L-fucose abundance and core fucosylation activation were elevated in mesenchymal (MES) compared with proneural GSCs; this pattern was retained in subgroup-specific xenografts and in subgroup-affiliated human patient samples. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of core fucosylation significantly reduced tumor growth in MES GBM preclinical models. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based glycoproteomic screening indicated that most MES-restricted core-fucosylated proteins are involved in therapeutically relevant GBM pathological processes, such as extracellular matrix interaction, cell adhesion, and integrin-mediated signaling. Selective L-fucose accumulation in MES GBMs was observed using preclinical minimally invasive PET, implicating this metabolite as a potential subgroup-restricted biomarker.Overall, these findings indicate that L-fucose pathway activation in MES GBM is a subgroup-specific dependency that could provide diagnostic markers and actionable therapeutic targets. SIGNIFICANCE Metabolic characterization of subgroup-specific glioblastoma (GBM) sphere-forming cells identifies the L-fucose pathway as a vulnerability restricted to mesenchymal GBM, disclosing a potential precision medicine strategy for targeting cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pieri
- Division of Neuroscience, Neural Stem Cell Biology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Neuroradiology Unit and CERMAC, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto L Gallotti
- Division of Neuroscience, Neural Stem Cell Biology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Denise Drago
- ProMeFa, Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Cominelli
- Molecular and Translational Medicine Department, Pathology Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pagano
- Division of Neuroscience, Neural Stem Cell Biology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Conti
- Division of Neuroscience, Neural Stem Cell Biology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Valtorta
- Nuclear Medicine and PET Cyclotron Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Coliva
- Nuclear Medicine and PET Cyclotron Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Lago
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), Laboratory of Chromatin Biology & Epigenetics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Daniela Michelatti
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), Laboratory of Chromatin Biology & Epigenetics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Luca Massimino
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Department, Experimental Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Ungaro
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Department, Experimental Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Perani
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Castellano
- Neuroradiology Unit and CERMAC, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Falini
- Neuroradiology Unit and CERMAC, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Zippo
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), Laboratory of Chromatin Biology & Epigenetics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Pietro L Poliani
- Molecular and Translational Medicine Department, Pathology Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Moresco
- Nuclear Medicine and PET Cyclotron Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology (IBFM), CNR, Segrate, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery and Tecnomed Foundation, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Annapaola Andolfo
- ProMeFa, Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Rossella Galli
- Division of Neuroscience, Neural Stem Cell Biology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Wei Z, Zhou Y, Wang R, Wang J, Chen Z. Aptamers as Smart Ligands for Targeted Drug Delivery in Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122561. [PMID: 36559056 PMCID: PMC9781707 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Undesirable side effects and multidrug tolerance are the main holdbacks to the treatment of cancer in conventional chemotherapy. Fortunately, targeted drug delivery can improve the enrichment of drugs at the target site and reduce toxicity to normal tissues and cells. A targeted drug delivery system is usually composed of a nanocarrier and a targeting component. The targeting component is called a "ligand". Aptamers have high target affinity and specificity, which are identified as attractive and promising ligands. Therefore, aptamers have potential application in the development of smart targeting systems. For instance, aptamers are able to efficiently recognize tumor markers such as nucleolin, mucin, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Besides, aptamers can also identify glycoproteins on the surface of tumor cells. Thus, the aptamer-mediated targeted drug delivery system has received extensive attention in the application of cancer therapy. This article reviews the application of aptamers as smart ligands for targeted drug delivery in cancer therapy. Special interest is focused on aptamers as smart ligands, aptamer-conjugated nanocarriers, aptamer targeting strategy for tumor microenvironment (TME), and aptamers that are specified to crucial cancer biomarkers for targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jin Wang
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (Z.C.); Tel.: +86-18616-819-730 (J.W.); +86-13767-154-425 (Z.C.)
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (Z.C.); Tel.: +86-18616-819-730 (J.W.); +86-13767-154-425 (Z.C.)
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Feng S, Wang K, Shao Z, Lin Q, Li B, Liu P. Network of miR-373/miR-520s-CD44 Axis Significantly Inhibits the Growth and Invasion of Human Glioblastoma Cells. Arch Med Res 2022; 53:550-561. [PMID: 36115716 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression and regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in glioblastoma (GBM) tumorigenesis, progression and prognosis. Little is known about the role of the miRNA regulatory network of GBM risk-related genes in GBM growth and invasiveness. METHODS The UALCAN and Oncomine gene expression dataset were used to explore gene expression profiles in human GBM. The Kaplan-Meier method was performed to evaluate the prognostic values of the GBM-related genes. Multiple bioinformatics databases were analysed to predict the GBM-related genes targeted by miRNAs. A luciferase reporter assay and other molecular cell function experiments were conducted to reveal the mechanisms of interaction between the identified miRNAs and their targets. RESULTS The CD44 expression is significantly higher in GBM tissues than that in normal tissues, and negatively correlated with survival duration in GBM patients. In normal physiological conditions, CD44 expression is lower in various parts of the central nervous system than in other organ systems. The mRNA encoding CD44 is a direct target of miR-373 and miR-520s, and this finding was verified by molecular biology experiments. We further found that miR-373 and miR-520s expression was negatively associated with CD44 expression in GBM specimens, and that the miR-373 or miR-520s-CD44 interaction network significantly affected the growth and invasiveness of GBM cells. CONCLUSION The miR-373 and miR-520s exert their functions by suppressing CD44 expression in GBM cells, and their expression, together with that of CD44, could thus serve as a valuable biomarker of GBM prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao Huangdao District People's Hospital, Qingdao, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao West Coast New District People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao Huangdao District People's Hospital, Qingdao, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao West Coast New District People's Hospital, Qingdao, China.
| | - Zhiwei Shao
- Intensive Care Unit, Qingdao Huangdao District People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao Huangdao District People's Hospital, Qingdao, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao West Coast New District People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao Huangdao District People's Hospital, Qingdao, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao West Coast New District People's Hospital, Qingdao, China.
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Tzaridis T, Weller J, Bachurski D, Shakeri F, Schaub C, Hau P, Buness A, Schlegel U, Steinbach J, Seidel C, Goldbrunner R, Schäfer N, Wechsler‐Reya RJ, Hallek M, Scheffler B, Glas M, Haeberle L, Herrlinger U, Coch C, Reiners KS, Hartmann G. “A novel serum extracellular vesicle protein signature to monitor glioblastoma tumor progression”. Int J Cancer 2022; 152:308-319. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Theophilos Tzaridis
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology University of Bonn Germany
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen‐Bonn‐Cologne‐Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn University of Bonn Germany
- Tumor Initiation & Maintenance Program Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute La Jolla USA
| | - Johannes Weller
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen‐Bonn‐Cologne‐Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn University of Bonn Germany
| | - Daniel Bachurski
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen‐Bonn‐Cologne‐Düsseldorf, Partner Site Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne University of Cologne Germany
| | - Farhad Shakeri
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty University of Bonn Germany
| | - Christina Schaub
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen‐Bonn‐Cologne‐Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn University of Bonn Germany
| | - Peter Hau
- Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander NeuroOncology Unit University Hospital Regensburg Germany
| | - Andreas Buness
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, Medical Faculty University of Bonn Germany
| | - Uwe Schlegel
- Department of Neurology University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr–University Bochum Germany
| | | | - Clemens Seidel
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of Leipzig Germany
| | | | - Niklas Schäfer
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen‐Bonn‐Cologne‐Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn University of Bonn Germany
| | - Robert J. Wechsler‐Reya
- Tumor Initiation & Maintenance Program Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute La Jolla USA
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen‐Bonn‐Cologne‐Düsseldorf, Partner Site Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne University of Cologne Germany
| | - Björn Scheffler
- DKFZ‐Division Translational Neurooncology at the West German Cancer Center, German Cancer Consortium, DKFZ Heidelberg & Partner Site University Hospital Essen Germany
| | - Martin Glas
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology and West German Cancer Center, German Cancer Consortium University Hospital Essen Germany
| | - Lothar Haeberle
- Erlangen University Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen– Nuremberg Germany
| | - Ulrich Herrlinger
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen‐Bonn‐Cologne‐Düsseldorf, Partner Site Bonn University of Bonn Germany
| | - Christoph Coch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology University of Bonn Germany
| | - Katrin S. Reiners
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology University of Bonn Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology University of Bonn Germany
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CD44 Depletion in Glioblastoma Cells Suppresses Growth and Stemness and Induces Senescence. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153747. [PMID: 35954411 PMCID: PMC9367353 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a lethal brain tumor, characterized by enhanced proliferation and invasion, as well as increased vascularization and chemoresistance. The expression of the hyaluronan receptor CD44 has been shown to correlate with GBM progression and poor prognosis. Here, we sought to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which CD44 promotes GBM progression by knocking out (KO) CD44, employing CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in U251MG cells. CD44-depleted cells exhibited an impaired proliferation rate, as shown by the decreased cell numbers, decreased Ki67-positive cell nuclei, diminished phosphorylation of CREB, and increased levels of the cell cycle inhibitor p16 compared to control cells. Furthermore, the CD44 KO cells showed decreased stemness and increased senescence, which was manifested upon serum deprivation. In stem cell-like enriched spheres, RNA-sequencing analysis of U251MG cells revealed a CD44 dependence for gene signatures related to hypoxia, the glycolytic pathway, and G2 to M phase transition. Partially similar results were obtained when cells were treated with the γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT, which inhibits CD44 cleavage and therefore inhibits the release of the intracellular domain (ICD) of CD44, suggesting that certain transcriptional responses are dependent on CD44-ICD. Interestingly, the expression of molecules involved in hyaluronan synthesis, degradation, and interacting matrix proteins, as well as of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) isoforms and PDGF receptors, were also deregulated in CD44 KO cells. These results were confirmed by the knockdown of CD44 in another GBM cell line, U2990. Notably, downregulation of hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) impaired the hypoxia-related genes and decreased the CD44 protein levels, suggesting a CD44/hyaluronan feedback circuit contributing to GBM progression.
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Ferroptosis Modulation: Potential Therapeutic Target for Glioblastoma Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136879. [PMID: 35805884 PMCID: PMC9266903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is a lethal disease and represents the most common and severe type of glioma. Drug resistance and the evasion of cell death are the main characteristics of its malignancy, leading to a high percentage of disease recurrence and the patients’ low survival rate. Exploiting the modulation of cell death mechanisms could be an important strategy to prevent tumor development and reverse the high mortality and morbidity rates in glioblastoma patients. Ferroptosis is a recently described type of cell death, which is characterized by iron accumulation, high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing phospholipids, and deficiency in lipid peroxidation repair. Several studies have demonstrated that ferroptosis has a potential role in cancer treatment and could be a promising approach for glioblastoma patients. Thus, here, we present an overview of the mechanisms of the iron-dependent cell death and summarize the current findings of ferroptosis modulation on glioblastoma including its non-canonical pathway. Moreover, we focused on new ferroptosis-inducing compounds for glioma treatment, and we highlight the key ferroptosis-related genes to glioma prognosis, which could be further explored. Thereby, understanding how to trigger ferroptosis in glioblastoma may provide promising pharmacological targets and indicate new therapeutic approaches to increase the survival of glioblastoma patients.
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PLOD2 Is a Prognostic Marker in Glioblastoma That Modulates the Immune Microenvironment and Tumor Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116037. [PMID: 35682709 PMCID: PMC9181500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role of Procollagen-Lysine, 2-Oxoglutarate 5-Dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) in glioblastoma (GBM) pathophysiology. To this end, PLOD2 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in two independent cohorts of patients with primary GBM (n1 = 204 and n2 = 203, respectively). Association with the outcome was tested by Kaplan−Meier, log-rank and multivariate Cox regression analysis in patients with confirmed IDH wild-type status. The biological effects and downstream mechanisms of PLOD2 were assessed in stable PLOD2 knock-down GBM cell lines. High levels of PLOD2 significantly associated with (p1 = 0.020; p2< 0.001; log-rank) and predicted (cohort 1: HR = 1.401, CI [95%] = 1.009−1.946, p1 = 0.044; cohort 2: HR = 1.493; CI [95%] = 1.042−2.140, p2 = 0.029; Cox regression) the poor overall survival of GBM patients. PLOD2 knock-down inhibited tumor proliferation, invasion and anchorage-independent growth. MT1-MMP, CD44, CD99, Catenin D1 and MMP2 were downstream of PLOD2 in GBM cells. GBM cells produced soluble factors via PLOD2, which subsequently induced neutrophils to acquire a pro-tumor phenotype characterized by prolonged survival and the release of MMP9. Importantly, GBM patients with synchronous high levels of PLOD2 and neutrophil infiltration had significantly worse overall survival (p < 0.001; log-rank) compared to the other groups of GBM patients. These findings indicate that PLOD2 promotes GBM progression and might be a useful therapeutic target in this type of cancer.
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Novel therapeutics and drug-delivery approaches in the modulation of glioblastoma stem cell resistance. Ther Deliv 2022; 13:249-273. [PMID: 35615860 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2021-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a deadly malignancy with a poor prognosis. An important factor contributing to GBM recurrence is high resistance of GBM cancer stem cells (GSCs). While temozolomide (TMZ), has been shown to consistently extend survival, GSCs grow resistant to TMZ through upregulation of DNA damage repair mechanisms and avoidance of apoptosis. Since a single-drug approach has failed to significantly alter prognosis in the past 15 years, unique approaches such as multidrug combination therapy together with distinctive targeted drug-delivery approaches against cancer stem cells are needed. In this review, a rationale for multidrug therapy using a targeted nanotechnology approach that preferentially target GSCs is proposed with discussion and examples of drugs, nanomedicine delivery systems, and targeting moieties.
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Yuan F, Cai X, Cong Z, Wang Y, Geng Y, Aili Y, Du C, Zhu J, Yang J, Tang C, Zhang A, Zhao S, Ma C. Roles of the m 6A Modification of RNA in the Glioblastoma Microenvironment as Revealed by Single-Cell Analyses. Front Immunol 2022; 13:798583. [PMID: 35558067 PMCID: PMC9086907 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.798583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a common and aggressive form of brain tumor. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) mRNA modification plays multiple roles in many biological processes and disease states. However, the relationship between m6A modifications and the tumor microenvironment in GBM remains unclear, especially at the single-cell level. Experimental Design Single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing data were acquired from the GEO and TCGA databases, respectively. We used bioinformatics and statistical tools to analyze associations between m6A regulators and multiple factors. Results HNRNPA2B1 and HNRNPC were extensively expressed in the GBM microenvironment. m6A regulators promoted the stemness state in GBM cancer cells. Immune-related BP terms were enriched in modules of m6A-related genes. Cell communication analysis identified genes in the GALECTIN signaling network in GBM samples, and expression of these genes (LGALS9, CD44, CD45, and HAVCR2) correlated with that of m6A regulators. Validation experiments revealed that MDK in MK signaling network promoted migration and immunosuppressive polarization of macrophage. Expression of m6A regulators correlated with ICPs in GBM cancer cells, M2 macrophages and T/NK cells. Bulk RNA-seq analysis identified two expression patterns (low m6A/high ICP and high m6A/low ICP) with different predicted immune infiltration and responses to ICP inhibitors. A predictive nomogram model to distinguish these 2 clusters was constructed and validated with excellent performance. Conclusion At the single-cell level, m6A modification facilitates the stemness state in GBM cancer cells and promotes an immunosuppressive microenvironment through ICPs and the GALECTIN signaling pathway network. And we also identified two m6A-ICP expression patterns. These findings could lead to novel treatment strategies for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangming Cai
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zixiang Cong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingshuai Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yuanming Geng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiliyaer Aili
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaonan Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junhao Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Aifeng Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chiyuan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Jinling Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Da-Veiga MA, Rogister B, Lombard A, Neirinckx V, Piette C. Glioma Stem Cells in Pediatric High-Grade Gliomas: From Current Knowledge to Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092296. [PMID: 35565425 PMCID: PMC9099564 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG) has a dismal prognosis in which the younger the patient, the more restricted the treatments are, in regard to the incurred risks. Current therapies destroy many tumor cells but fail to target the highly malignant glioma stem cells (GSCs) that adapt quickly to give rise to recurring, treatment-resistant cancers. Despite a lack of consensus around an efficient detection, GSCs are well described in adult brain tumors but remain poorly investigated in pediatric cases, mostly due to their rarity. An improved knowledge about GSC roles in pediatric tumors would provide a key leverage towards the elimination of this sub-population, based on targeted treatments. The aim of this review is to sum up the state of art about GSCs in pHGG. Abstract In children, high-grade gliomas (HGG) and diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) account for a high proportion of death due to cancer. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are tumor cells in a specific state defined by a tumor-initiating capacity following serial transplantation, self-renewal, and an ability to recapitulate tumor heterogeneity. Their presence was demonstrated several decades ago in adult glioblastoma (GBM), and more recently in pediatric HGG and DMG. In adults, we and others have previously suggested that GSCs nest into the subventricular zone (SVZ), a neurogenic niche, where, among others, they find shelter from therapy. Both bench and bedside evidence strongly indicate a role for the GSCs and the SVZ in GBM progression, fostering the development of innovative targeting treatments. Such new therapeutic approaches are of particular interest in infants, in whom standard therapies are often limited due to the risk of late effects. The aim of this review is to describe current knowledge about GSCs in pediatric HGG and DMG, i.e., their characterization, the models that apply to their development and maintenance, the specific signaling pathways that may underlie their activity, and their specific interactions with neurogenic niches. Finally, we will discuss the clinical relevance of these observations and the therapeutic advantages of targeting the SVZ and/or the GSCs in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-Antoine Da-Veiga
- Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapy, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (M.-A.D.-V.); (B.R.); (A.L.); (V.N.)
| | - Bernard Rogister
- Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapy, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (M.-A.D.-V.); (B.R.); (A.L.); (V.N.)
- Department of Neurology, CHU of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Lombard
- Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapy, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (M.-A.D.-V.); (B.R.); (A.L.); (V.N.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHU of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Virginie Neirinckx
- Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapy, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (M.-A.D.-V.); (B.R.); (A.L.); (V.N.)
| | - Caroline Piette
- Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapy, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (M.-A.D.-V.); (B.R.); (A.L.); (V.N.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, CHU Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Correspondence:
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Is Interstitial Chemotherapy with Carmustine (BCNU) Wafers Effective against Local Recurrence of Glioblastoma? A Pharmacokinetic Study by Measurement of BCNU in the Tumor Resection Cavity. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12050567. [PMID: 35624954 PMCID: PMC9139119 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of carmustine (BCNU) wafers on local recurrence of glioblastoma (GBM) remains contentious. We investigated the accumulating high-dose effects of BCNU released from the wafers on the survival of GBM patients by measuring BCNU concentration in the resection cavity of GBM over time. BCNU wafers (Gliadel®) were implanted with an Ommaya device in 15 patients, including 12 patients with GBM. BCNU concentrations in the tumor resection cavity were measured for 30 days postoperatively. The area under the curve (AUC)all was calculated from BCNU concentration curves, and the relationships between AUCall and survival, tumor phenotypes on MRI, and recurrence patterns were analyzed. The BCNU concentration was maximal 1 h postoperatively, rapidly decreased within 24 h, and remained relatively high for 7 days. GBM patients were classified into two groups: early recurrence (ER) and late or no recurrence (LN), using median progression-free survival as the cut-off. AUCall tended to be lower in the ER group than in the LN group, but the difference was not significant. MRI revealed that all patients in the ER group had highly invasive GBMs, whereas all patients in the LN group had less-invasive GBMs. A total of 9 patients experienced recurrence, with 6 local, 2 diffuse, and 1 disseminated patterns. No differences in AUCall were seen between local and non-local recurrence groups. Total BCNU concentrations did not correlate with tumor progression or survival. However, a high concentration of BCNU may have potential to provide some survival benefit for less-invasive type GBM.
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Mulcahy EQX, Zhang Y, Colόn RR, Cain SR, Gibert MK, Dube CJ, Hafner M, Abounader R. MicroRNA 3928 Suppresses Glioblastoma through Downregulation of Several Oncogenes and Upregulation of p53. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3930. [PMID: 35409289 PMCID: PMC8998958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent and lethal primary malignant brain tumor. Despite decades of research, therapeutic advances that significantly prolong life are non-existent. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been a focus of study in the pathobiology of cancer because of their ability to simultaneously regulate multiple genes. The aim of this study was to determine the functional and mechanistic effects of miR-3928 in GBM both in vitro and in vivo. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first article investigating the role of miR-3928 in GBM. We measured endogenous miR-3928 expression levels in a panel of patient-derived GBM tissue samples and cell lines. We found that GBM tissue samples and cell lines express lower levels of miR-3928 than normal brain cortex and astrocytes, respectively. Therefore, we hypothesized that miR-3928 is a tumor suppressive microRNA. We verified this hypothesis by showing that exogenous expression of miR-3928 has a strong inhibitory effect on both cell growth and invasiveness of GBM cells. Stable ex vivo overexpression of miR-3928 in GBM cells led to a reduction in tumor size in nude mice xenografts. We identified many targets (MDM2, CD44, DDX3X, HMGA2, CCND1, BRAF, ATOH8, and BMI1) of miR-3928. Interestingly, inhibition of the oncogene MDM2 also led to an upregulation of wild-type p53 expression and phosphorylation. In conclusion, we find that miR-3928, through the downregulation of several oncogenes and upregulation and activation of wild-type p53, is a strong tumor suppressor in GBM. Furthermore, the fact that miR-3928 can target many important dysregulated proteins in GBM suggests it might be a "master" regulatory microRNA that could be therapeutically exploited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Q. X. Mulcahy
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (E.Q.X.M.); (Y.Z.); (R.R.C.); (S.R.C.); (M.K.G.J.); (C.J.D.)
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (E.Q.X.M.); (Y.Z.); (R.R.C.); (S.R.C.); (M.K.G.J.); (C.J.D.)
| | - Rossymar R. Colόn
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (E.Q.X.M.); (Y.Z.); (R.R.C.); (S.R.C.); (M.K.G.J.); (C.J.D.)
| | - Shelby R. Cain
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (E.Q.X.M.); (Y.Z.); (R.R.C.); (S.R.C.); (M.K.G.J.); (C.J.D.)
| | - Myron K. Gibert
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (E.Q.X.M.); (Y.Z.); (R.R.C.); (S.R.C.); (M.K.G.J.); (C.J.D.)
| | - Collin J. Dube
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (E.Q.X.M.); (Y.Z.); (R.R.C.); (S.R.C.); (M.K.G.J.); (C.J.D.)
| | - Markus Hafner
- National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20894, USA;
| | - Roger Abounader
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (E.Q.X.M.); (Y.Z.); (R.R.C.); (S.R.C.); (M.K.G.J.); (C.J.D.)
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- University of Virginia Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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Yesudhas D, Dharshini SAP, Taguchi YH, Gromiha MM. Tumor Heterogeneity and Molecular Characteristics of Glioblastoma Revealed by Single-Cell RNA-Seq Data Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:428. [PMID: 35327982 PMCID: PMC8955282 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common infiltrating lethal tumor of the brain. Tumor heterogeneity and the precise characterization of GBM remain challenging, and the disease-specific and effective biomarkers are not available at present. To understand GBM heterogeneity and the disease prognosis mechanism, we carried out a single-cell transcriptome data analysis of 3389 cells from four primary IDH-WT (isocitrate dehydrogenase wild type) glioblastoma patients and compared the characteristic features of the tumor and periphery cells. We observed that the marker gene expression profiles of different cell types and the copy number variations (CNVs) are heterogeneous in the GBM samples. Further, we have identified 94 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between tumor and periphery cells. We constructed a tissue-specific co-expression network and protein-protein interaction network for the DEGs and identified several hub genes, including CX3CR1, GAPDH, FN1, PDGFRA, HTRA1, ANXA2 THBS1, GFAP, PTN, TNC, and VIM. The DEGs were significantly enriched with proliferation and migration pathways related to glioblastoma. Additionally, we were able to identify the differentiation state of microglia and changes in the transcriptome in the presence of glioblastoma that might support tumor growth. This study provides insights into GBM heterogeneity and suggests novel potential disease-specific biomarkers which could help to identify the therapeutic targets in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanusha Yesudhas
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; (D.Y.); (S.A.P.D.)
| | - S. Akila Parvathy Dharshini
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; (D.Y.); (S.A.P.D.)
| | - Y-h. Taguchi
- Department of Physics, Chuo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan;
| | - M. Michael Gromiha
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; (D.Y.); (S.A.P.D.)
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Xiao Y, Yang K, Wang Z, Zhao M, Deng Y, Ji W, Zou Y, Qian C, Liu Y, Xiao H, Liu H. CD44-Mediated Poor Prognosis in Glioma Is Associated With M2-Polarization of Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Immunosuppression. Front Surg 2022; 8:775194. [PMID: 35187044 PMCID: PMC8850306 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.775194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor with a poor prognosis. Key genes that are negatively related to prognosis may provide the therapy targets to cure glioma. To clarify the role of CD44 in glioma, we explored its function at bulk-transcriptome, spatial and single-cell transcriptome levels. Methods In total, expression profiles with survival data of whole-grade glioma from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), RNA-seq data with anatomic information of glioblastoma (GBM) from the Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas Project, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data from recurrent GBM receiving adjuvant anti-PD-1 immunotherapy accessed through GSE121810, and single-cell RNA-seq data of GBM under accession GSE103224 were enrolled in this study. CD44-specific findings were further analyzed by R language. Results CD44 is positively correlated with WHO grade of malignancy and is negatively related to prognosis in glioma. Meanwhile, CD44 predominantly expresses in GBM mesenchymal subtype, and gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses reveal that CD44 positively coexpressed genes are closely related to glioma immunity. Moreover, CD44+ cells mainly distribute in perinecrotic region with high expression of immune factors. At single-cell resolution, only malignant tumor cells, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and T cells express CD44 in GBM. CD44+ malignant tumor cells are in mesenchymal-1-like (MES1-like) cellular state, and CD44+ TAMs are in M2 phenotype. CD44+ T cells have high expression of both PD-1 and PD-L1. CD44 and its directly interacted inhibitory immunomodulators are upregulated in patients with nonresponder recurrent GBM treated with PD-1 blockade therapy. Conclusion Our work demonstrates that CD44, a new M2 TAM biomarker, is involved in immune suppressor and promote glioma progression in glioma microenvironment. These results expand our understanding of CD44-specific clinical and immune features in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengjie Zhao
- Department of Neuro-Psychiatric Institute, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanxiang Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuanjie Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunfa Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Xiao
- Department of Neuro-Psychiatric Institute, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Hong Xiao
| | - Hongyi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Hongyi Liu
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Ramalho MJ, Loureiro JA, Coelho MAN, Pereira MC. Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Nanocarriers: Overcoming Barriers to Treat Glioblastoma. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020279. [PMID: 35214012 PMCID: PMC8880499 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal type of brain tumor, and the clinically available approaches for its treatment are not curative. Despite the intensive research, biological barriers such as the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and tumor cell membranes are major obstacles to developing novel effective therapies. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been explored as drug delivery systems (DDS) to improve GBM therapeutic strategies. NPs can circumvent many of the biological barriers posed by this devastating disease, enhancing drug accumulation in the target site. This can be achieved by employing strategies to target the transferrin receptor (TfR), which is heavily distributed in BBB and GBM cells. These targeting strategies comprise the modification of NPs’ surface with various molecules, such as transferrin (Tf), antibodies, and targeting peptides. This review provides an overview and discussion on the recent advances concerning the strategies to target the TfR in the treatment of GBM, as their benefits and limitations.
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OUP accepted manuscript. Glycobiology 2022; 32:743-750. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Xiong Z, Liu H, He C, Li X. Hypoxia Contributes to Poor Prognosis in Primary IDH-wt GBM by Inducing Tumor Cells MES-Like Transformation Trend and Inhibiting Immune Cells Activity. Front Oncol 2021; 11:782043. [PMID: 34956900 PMCID: PMC8694101 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.782043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To reveal the influence of hypoxia on tumor cells and immune cells in primary IDH-wt glioblastoma patients. Methods Single-cell RNA-seq data and bulk RNA-seq data were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, respectively. Hypoxia status and subtypes of tumor cells were identified based on single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA). Regulon network analysis of different subtypes under different conditions was conducted by SCENIC. Within tumor microenvironment, biological process activity analysis and cell–cell communication network were conducted to uncover the inner links between each cell subtype under different hypoxia status. Results Different types of tumor cell in GBM possessed different hypoxia status, and MES-like subtype was under a more severe hypoxia condition than other subtypes. Hypoxia also induced MES-like signature gene expression within each tumor cell, which could stimulate tumor cell proliferation and invasion by regulating cell–cell communication. Additionally, hypoxia inhibited immune cell activity in the tumor microenvironment by inducing macrophage phenotype polarization and upregulating immune-inhibited cell–cell interaction within immune cells. Interactions between tumor cells and immune cells under hypoxia status also promoted tumor progression. Conclusions Hypoxia was a poor prognostic marker for primary IDH-wt GBM patients. Meanwhile, it could induce tumor cells’ MES-like transformation trend and inhibit antitumor function of immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zujian Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Brain Tumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Brain Tumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenqi He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Brain Tumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Brain Tumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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44
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Zhao J, Liu Z, Zheng X, Gao H, Li L. Prognostic Model and Nomogram Construction Based on a Novel Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signature in Lower-Grade Glioma. Front Genet 2021; 12:753680. [PMID: 34819946 PMCID: PMC8606636 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.753680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Low-grade glioma (LGG) is considered a fatal disease for young adults, with overall survival widely ranging from 1 to 15 years depending on histopathologic and molecular subtypes. As a novel type of programmed cell death, ferroptosis was reported to be involved in tumorigenesis and development, which has been intensively studied in recent years. Methods: For the discovery cohort, data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) were used to identify the differentially expressed and prognostic ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox were used to establish a prognostic signature with the above-selected FRGs. Then, the signature was developed and validated in TCGA and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases. By combining clinicopathological features and the FRG signature, a nomogram was established to predict individuals’ one-, three-, and five-year survival probability, and its predictive performance was evaluated by Harrell’s concordance index (C-index) and calibration curves. Enrichment analysis was performed to explore the signaling pathways regulated by the signature. Results: A novel risk signature contains seven FRGs that were constructed and were used to divide patients into two groups. Kaplan–Meier (K−M) survival curve and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses confirmed the prognostic performance of the risk model, followed by external validation based on data from the CGGA. The nomogram based on the risk signature and clinical traits was validated to perform well for predicting the survival rate of LGG. Finally, functional analysis revealed that the immune statuses were different between the two risk groups, which might help explain the underlying mechanisms of ferroptosis in LGG. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study constructed a novel and robust seven-FRG signature and established a prognostic nomogram for LGG survival prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengtao Liu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Hangzhou Tongchuang Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hainv Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, ShuLan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University, Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Functionalized niosomes as a smart delivery device in cancer and fungal infection. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 168:106052. [PMID: 34740786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Various diseases remain untreated due to lack of suitable therapeutic moiety or a suitable drug delivery device, especially where toxicities and side effects are the primary reason for concern. Cancer and fungal infections are diseases where treatment schedules are not completed due to severe side effects or lengthy treatment protocols. Advanced treatment approaches such as active targeting and inhibition of angiogenesis may be preferred method for the treatment for malignancy over the conventional method. Niosomes may be a better alternative drug delivery carrier for various therapeutic moieties (either hydrophilic or hydrophobic) and also due to ease of surface modification, non-immunogenicity and economical. Active targeting approach may be done by targeting the receptors through coupling of suitable ligand on niosomal surface. Moreover, various receptors (CD44, folate, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) & Vascular growth factor receptor (VGFR)) expressed by malignant cells have also been reviewed. The preparation of suitable niosomal formulation also requires considerable attention, and its formulation depends upon various factors such as selection of non-ionic surfactant, method of fabrication, and fabrication parameters. A combination therapy (dual drug and immunotherapy) has been proposed for the treatment of fungal infection with special consideration for surface modification with suitable ligand on niosomal surface to sensitize the receptors (C-type lectin receptors, Toll-like receptors & Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors) present on immune cells involved in fungal immunity. Certain gene silencing concept has also been discussed as an advanced alternative treatment for cancer by silencing the mRNA at molecular level using short interfering RNA (si-RNA).
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Pibuel MA, Poodts D, Díaz M, Molinari YA, Franco PG, Hajos SE, Lompardía SL. Antitumor effect of 4MU on glioblastoma cells is mediated by senescence induction and CD44, RHAMM and p-ERK modulation. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:280. [PMID: 34628469 PMCID: PMC8502173 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00672-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix plays a key role in cancer progression. Hyaluronan, the main glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix, has been related to several tumor processes. Hyaluronan acts through the interaction with cell membrane receptors as CD44 and RHAMM and triggers signaling pathways as MEK/ERK. 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU), a well-known hyaluronan synthesis inhibitor, is a promising alternative for cancer therapy. 4MU is a coumarin derivative without adverse effects that has been studied in several tumors. However, little is known about its use in glioblastoma (GBM), the most malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Glioblastoma is characterized by fast growth, migration and tissue invasiveness, and a poor median survival of the patients after treatment. Several reports linked glioblastoma progression with HA levels and even with CD44 and RHAMM expression, as well as MEK/ERK activation. Previously, we showed on a murine GBM cell line that HA enhances GBM migration, while 4MU markedly inhibits it. In this work we showed for the first time, that 4MU decreases cell migration and induces senescence in U251 and LN229 human GBM cell lines. Furthermore, we observed that HA promotes GBM cell migration on both cell lines and that such effects depend on CD44 and RHAMM, as well as MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Interestingly, we observed that the exogenous HA failed to counteract the effects of 4MU, indicating that 4MU effects are independent of HA synthesis inhibition. We found that 4MU decreases total CD44 and RHAMM membrane expression, which could explain the effect of 4MU on cell migration. Furthermore, we observed that 4MU increases the levels of RHAMM inside the cell while decreases the nucleus/cytoplasm relation of p-ERK, associated with 4MU effects on cell proliferation and senescence induction. Overall, 4MU should be considered as a promising therapeutic alternative to improve the outcome of patients with GBM.
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Grants
- PIP N°0289 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°053 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°053 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°0289 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°053 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°0289 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°053 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°0289 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°053 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°0289 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°0289 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°053 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°0289 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- PIP N°053 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council)
- UBACYT 20020170100454BA Universidad de Buenos Aires (University of Buenos Aires)
- UBACYT 20020170100454BA Universidad de Buenos Aires (University of Buenos Aires)
- UBACYT 20020170100454BA Universidad de Buenos Aires (University of Buenos Aires)
- UBACYT 20020170100454BA Universidad de Buenos Aires (University of Buenos Aires)
- UBACYT 20020170100454BA Universidad de Buenos Aires (University of Buenos Aires)
- UBACYT 20020170100454BA Universidad de Buenos Aires (University of Buenos Aires)
- PICT-2017- 2971 Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, Argentina | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (National Agency for Science and Technology, Argentina)
- PICT-2017- 2971 Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, Argentina | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (National Agency for Science and Technology, Argentina)
- PICT-2017- 2971 Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, Argentina | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (National Agency for Science and Technology, Argentina)
- PICT-2017- 2971 Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, Argentina | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (National Agency for Science and Technology, Argentina)
- PICT-2017- 2971 Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, Argentina | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (National Agency for Science and Technology, Argentina)
- PICT-2017- 2971 Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, Argentina | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (National Agency for Science and Technology, Argentina)
- PICT-2017- 2971 Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, Argentina | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (National Agency for Science and Technology, Argentina)
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Arturo Pibuel
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)- CONICET; Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina.
| | - Daniela Poodts
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)- CONICET; Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina
| | - Mariángeles Díaz
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina
| | - Yamila Azul Molinari
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB)-CONICET; Departamento de Química Biológica, Cátedra de Química Biológica Patológica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina
| | - Paula Gabriela Franco
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB)-CONICET; Departamento de Química Biológica, Cátedra de Química Biológica Patológica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina
| | - Silvia Elvira Hajos
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)- CONICET; Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina
| | - Silvina Laura Lompardía
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)- CONICET; Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina
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Hayes AJ, Melrose J. Neural Tissue Homeostasis and Repair Is Regulated via CS and DS Proteoglycan Motifs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:696640. [PMID: 34409033 PMCID: PMC8365427 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.696640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is the most abundant and widely distributed glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in the human body. As a component of proteoglycans (PGs) it has numerous roles in matrix stabilization and cellular regulation. This chapter highlights the roles of CS and CS-PGs in the central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS/PNS). CS has specific cell regulatory roles that control tissue function and homeostasis. The CNS/PNS contains a diverse range of CS-PGs which direct the development of embryonic neural axonal networks, and the responses of neural cell populations in mature tissues to traumatic injury. Following brain trauma and spinal cord injury, a stabilizing CS-PG-rich scar tissue is laid down at the defect site to protect neural tissues, which are amongst the softest tissues of the human body. Unfortunately, the CS concentrated in gliotic scars also inhibits neural outgrowth and functional recovery. CS has well known inhibitory properties over neural behavior, and animal models of CNS/PNS injury have demonstrated that selective degradation of CS using chondroitinase improves neuronal functional recovery. CS-PGs are present diffusely in the CNS but also form denser regions of extracellular matrix termed perineuronal nets which surround neurons. Hyaluronan is immobilized in hyalectan CS-PG aggregates in these perineural structures, which provide neural protection, synapse, and neural plasticity, and have roles in memory and cognitive learning. Despite the generally inhibitory cues delivered by CS-A and CS-C, some CS-PGs containing highly charged CS disaccharides (CS-D, CS-E) or dermatan sulfate (DS) disaccharides that promote neural outgrowth and functional recovery. CS/DS thus has varied cell regulatory properties and structural ECM supportive roles in the CNS/PNS depending on the glycoform present and its location in tissue niches and specific cellular contexts. Studies on the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have provided insightful information on neural interconnectivity and the role of the ECM and its PGs in neural development and in tissue morphogenesis in a whole organism environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Hayes
- Bioimaging Research Hub, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - James Melrose
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital and The Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, St. Leonard’s, NSW, Australia
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Promoting Prognostic Model Application: A Review Based on Gliomas. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:7840007. [PMID: 34394352 PMCID: PMC8356003 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7840007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Malignant neoplasms are characterized by poor therapeutic efficacy, high recurrence rate, and extensive metastasis, leading to short survival. Previous methods for grouping prognostic risks are based on anatomic, clinical, and pathological features that exhibit lower distinguishing capability compared with genetic signatures. The update of sequencing techniques and machine learning promotes the genetic panels-based prognostic model development, especially the RNA-panel models. Gliomas harbor the most malignant features and the poorest survival among all tumors. Currently, numerous glioma prognostic models have been reported. We systematically reviewed all 138 machine-learning-based genetic models and proposed novel criteria in assessing their quality. Besides, the biological and clinical significance of some highly overlapped glioma markers in these models were discussed. This study screened out markers with strong prognostic potential and 27 models presenting high quality. Conclusively, we comprehensively reviewed 138 prognostic models combined with glioma genetic panels and presented novel criteria for the development and assessment of clinically important prognostic models. This will guide the genetic models in cancers from laboratory-based research studies to clinical applications and improve glioma patient prognostic management.
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Abstract
Malignant neoplasms are characterized by poor therapeutic efficacy, high recurrence rate, and extensive metastasis, leading to short survival. Previous methods for grouping prognostic risks are based on anatomic, clinical, and pathological features that exhibit lower distinguishing capability compared with genetic signatures. The update of sequencing techniques and machine learning promotes the genetic panels-based prognostic model development, especially the RNA-panel models. Gliomas harbor the most malignant features and the poorest survival among all tumors. Currently, numerous glioma prognostic models have been reported. We systematically reviewed all 138 machine-learning-based genetic models and proposed novel criteria in assessing their quality. Besides, the biological and clinical significance of some highly overlapped glioma markers in these models were discussed. This study screened out markers with strong prognostic potential and 27 models presenting high quality. Conclusively, we comprehensively reviewed 138 prognostic models combined with glioma genetic panels and presented novel criteria for the development and assessment of clinically important prognostic models. This will guide the genetic models in cancers from laboratory-based research studies to clinical applications and improve glioma patient prognostic management.
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Syafruddin SE, Nazarie WFWM, Moidu NA, Soon BH, Mohtar MA. Integration of RNA-Seq and proteomics data identifies glioblastoma multiforme surfaceome signature. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:850. [PMID: 34301218 PMCID: PMC8306276 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08591-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly lethal, stage IV brain tumour with a prevalence of approximately 2 per 10,000 people globally. The cell surface proteins or surfaceome serve as information gateway in many oncogenic signalling pathways and are important in modulating cancer phenotypes. Dysregulation in surfaceome expression and activity have been shown to promote tumorigenesis. The expression of GBM surfaceome is a case in point; OMICS screening in a cell-based system identified that this sub-proteome is largely perturbed in GBM. Additionally, since these cell surface proteins have ‘direct’ access to drugs, they are appealing targets for cancer therapy. However, a comprehensive GBM surfaceome landscape has not been fully defined yet. Thus, this study aimed to define GBM-associated surfaceome genes and identify key cell-surface genes that could potentially be developed as novel GBM biomarkers for therapeutic purposes. Methods We integrated the RNA-Seq data from TCGA GBM (n = 166) and GTEx normal brain cortex (n = 408) databases to identify the significantly dysregulated surfaceome in GBM. This was followed by an integrative analysis that combines transcriptomics, proteomics and protein-protein interaction network data to prioritize the high-confidence GBM surfaceome signature. Results Of the 2381 significantly dysregulated genes in GBM, 395 genes were classified as surfaceome. Via the integrative analysis, we identified 6 high-confidence GBM molecular signature, HLA-DRA, CD44, SLC1A5, EGFR, ITGB2, PTPRJ, which were significantly upregulated in GBM. The expression of these genes was validated in an independent transcriptomics database, which confirmed their upregulated expression in GBM. Importantly, high expression of CD44, PTPRJ and HLA-DRA is significantly associated with poor disease-free survival. Last, using the Drugbank database, we identified several clinically-approved drugs targeting the GBM molecular signature suggesting potential drug repurposing. Conclusions In summary, we identified and highlighted the key GBM surface-enriched repertoires that could be biologically relevant in supporting GBM pathogenesis. These genes could be further interrogated experimentally in future studies that could lead to efficient diagnostic/prognostic markers or potential treatment options for GBM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08591-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiful Effendi Syafruddin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Nurshahirah Ashikin Moidu
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bee Hong Soon
- Department of Surgery, Neurosurgery Division, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Aiman Mohtar
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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