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Ismiyatin K, Yuanita T, Saraswati W, Saptaningrum MR, Putri DC, Miranda RA, Wibowo BA. Mixing ratio of nano hydroxyapatite and Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) towards viscosity and antibacterial effect as a potential pulp capping Material: An experimental study. Saudi Dent J 2024; 36:1006-1009. [PMID: 39035565 PMCID: PMC11255934 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Finding a new natural scaffold is challenging due to crucial impact on long-term treatment outcomes in pulp capping. In this context, nano hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) is a potential candidate having similar properties to bone tissue in the body. The compound is often synthesized with Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) which offers anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. Therefore, this study aims to contribute novel insights into the development of effective pulp capping materials by determining the viscosity ratio of the combination of nano-HA and EGCG applied to the cavity according to standard pulp capping material, as well as proving the antibacterial effect against Lactobacillus acidophilus. Methods The combination of nano-HA - EGCG is divided into three treatment groups, (G1) 1:1 ratio, (G2) 1:1.5 ratio, (G3) 1:2 ratio, as well as control group G4 (Ca(OH)2 and aquadest) with a ratio of 1:1. Meanwhile, each group is tested for viscosity using a Brookfield viscometer. The well diffusion method is used to determine the antibacterial activity by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone for each treatment, with C1 (Ca(OH)2 and aquadest) as control group at a ratio of 1:1, and three treatment groups (nano-HA - EGCG), (C2) 0.5:1 ratio, (C3) 1:1 ratio, and (C4) 2:1 ratio. Results The results show that there is a difference in the viscosity of each group with G3 having a viscosity of 12.0183 cP, which is closest to control. Furthermore, significant differences are also reported in antibacterial activity between control and treatment groups. Conclusion The ratio of 1:2 (G3) has a viscosity that closely matches the standard of pulp capping materials. The combinations of nano-HA and EGCG are proven to have antibacterial power against Lactobacillus acidophilus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ismiyatin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Tamara Yuanita
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Widya Saraswati
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Mardikaning R. Saptaningrum
- Resident of Conservative Dentistry Specialist Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Dinsa C. Putri
- Resident of Conservative Dentistry Specialist Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Rara A. Miranda
- Undergraduate Student, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Bagus A. Wibowo
- Undergraduate Student, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Leveque M, Guittat M, Thivichon-Prince B, Reuzeau A, Eveillard M, Faure M, Farges JC, Richert R, Bekhouche M, Ducret M. Next generation antibacterial strategies for regenerative endodontic procedures: A scoping review. Int Endod J 2024; 57:804-814. [PMID: 37485747 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical results following regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) vary according to numerous parameters, including the presence of bacteria. This limitation reduces the indications for REPs and calls for the development of next generation antibacterial strategies (NGAS) providing alternatives to current antibacterial strategies (CAS) such as double or triple antibiotic paste (DAP/TAP) and (Ca(OH)2). OBJECTIVES The present scoping review aims to describe the current trends regarding the use of such strategies and highlight future perspectives. METHODS Four databases (PUBMed, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials and Science Direct) were searched until 1st May 2023. RESULTS A total of 918 records were identified, 133 were screened and assessed for eligibility, and 87 articles were included. The findings show that (1) clinical studies are only available for CAS, (2) although next generation strategies are the most studied approach since 2017, they are all at the pre-clinical stage, (3) most of the next generation strategies use galenic forms which offer cell support and colonization and which simultaneously contain antibacterial molecules as alternatives to CAS and to antibiotics in general, (4) standardization is required for future research, specifically regarding the bacterial strains studied, the use of biofilm studies and the cellular behaviour assessments. CONCLUSION Although NGAS are promising strategies to improve REPs in the context of infection, the current evidence is mostly limited to pre-clinical studies. Further methodological improvement is required to allow relevant comparisons between studies and to reduce the time from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Leveque
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305 CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Marie Guittat
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Service d'Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Béatrice Thivichon-Prince
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305 CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Service d'Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Alicia Reuzeau
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305 CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Matthieu Eveillard
- Département de Biologie des Agents Infectieux, CHU Angers, Angers, France
- Univ Angers, Nantes Université, CHU Angers, Inserm, CNRS, INCIT, Angers, France
| | - Marjorie Faure
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305 CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Service d'Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Farges
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305 CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Service d'Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Raphaël Richert
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Service d'Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Laboratoire de Mécanique Des Contacts et Structures, CNRS/INSA, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Mourad Bekhouche
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305 CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Maxime Ducret
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305 CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Service d'Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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3
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Dalir Abdolahinia E, Hajisadeghi S, Moayedi Banan Z, Dadgar E, Delaramifar A, Izadian S, Sharifi S, Maleki Dizaj S. Potential applications of medicinal herbs and phytochemicals in oral and dental health: Status quo and future perspectives. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2468-2482. [PMID: 35699367 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Herbal therapies are utilized to treat a broad diversity of diseases all over the globe. Although no clinical studies have been conducted to demonstrate the antibacterial, antimicrobial, and antiplaque characteristics of these plants, this does not imply that they are ineffectual as periodontal treatments or anti-cariogenic drugs. However, there is a scarcity of research confirming their efficacy and worth. SUBJECT Herbs are utilized in dentistry as antimicrobial, antineoplastic, antiseptic, antioxidant, and analgesics agents as well as for the elimination of bad breath. In addition, the application of herbal agents in tissue engineering improved the regeneration of oral and dental tissues. This study reviews the application of medicinal herbs for the treatment of dental and oral diseases in different aspects. METHODS This article focuses on current developments in the use of medicinal herbs and phytochemicals in oral and dental health. An extensive literature review was conducted via an Internet database, mostly PubMed. The articles included full-text publications written in English without any restrictions on a date. CONCLUSION Plants have been suggested, as an alternate remedy for oral-dental problems, and this vocation needs long-term dependability. More research on herbal medicine potential as pharmaceutical sources and/or therapies is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Dalir Abdolahinia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samira Hajisadeghi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Zahra Moayedi Banan
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeel Dadgar
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Delaramifar
- School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Sepideh Izadian
- School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Sharifi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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4
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Gou M, Zou C, Jiang Y, Xie H, Wang H, Song H. Antibacterial efficacy of epigallocatechin-3-gallate cross-linked small intestinal submucosa guided bone regeneration membrane. Dent Mater J 2023; 42:624-632. [PMID: 37612096 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2022-167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The leading cause of guided bone regeneration (GBR) failure is infection. Herein, we developed a new GBR membrane with good mechanical and osteogenic properties by crosslinking the small intestinal submucosa (SIS) with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Meanwhile, EGCG is also a natural antibacterial agent. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of EGCG-crosslinked SIS (E-SIS) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli through EGCG release, bacterial count, live/dead staining, scanning electron microscopy, growth curve, and biofilm formation tests. The results showed that E-SIS effectively inhibited bacteria's growth and adhesion, and its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was stronger than that against Escherichia coli. 0.5% E-SIS had the most potent antibacterial activity. The antibacterial mechanism of E-SIS might be related to the release of EGCG and the surface properties of E-SIS. In conclusion, 0.5% E-SIS is a promising GBR membrane with good osteogenic and antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gou
- Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Department of Stomatology
| | - Chenyu Zou
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy
| | - Yanlin Jiang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy
| | - Huiqi Xie
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy
| | - Hang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University
| | - Hongjie Song
- Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Department of Stomatology
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Leveque M, Bekhouche M, Farges JC, Aussel A, Sy K, Richert R, Ducret M. Bioactive Endodontic Hydrogels: From Parameters to Personalized Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14056. [PMID: 37762359 PMCID: PMC10531297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) aim at recreating dental pulp tissue using biomaterials such as hydrogels. Their bioactivity is mostly related to the nature of biomolecules or chemical compounds that compose the endodontic hydrogel. However, many other parameters, such as hydrogel concentration, bioactive molecules solubility, and apex size, were reported to influence the reciprocal host-biomaterial relationship and hydrogel behavior. The lack of knowledge regarding these various parameters, which should be considered, leads to the inability to predict the clinical outcome and suggests that the biological activity of endodontic hydrogel is impossible to anticipate and could hinder the bench-to-bedside transition. We describe, in this review, that most of these parameters could be identified, described, and studied. A second part of the review lists some challenges and perspectives, including development of future mathematical models that are able to explain, and eventually predict, the bioactivity of endodontic hydrogel used in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Leveque
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305 CNRS/UCBL, 69007 Lyon, France; (M.L.); (M.B.); (J.-C.F.)
| | - Mourad Bekhouche
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305 CNRS/UCBL, 69007 Lyon, France; (M.L.); (M.B.); (J.-C.F.)
| | - Jean-Christophe Farges
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305 CNRS/UCBL, 69007 Lyon, France; (M.L.); (M.B.); (J.-C.F.)
- Faculté d’Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France; (K.S.); (R.R.)
- Service d’Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Audrey Aussel
- BIOTIS—Laboratory for the Bioengineering of Tissues (UMR Inserm 1026), University of Bordeaux, Inserm, 33076 Bordeaux, France;
- UFR d’Odontologie, Université de Bordeaux, 33600 Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaire, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Kadiatou Sy
- Faculté d’Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France; (K.S.); (R.R.)
- Service d’Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Raphaël Richert
- Faculté d’Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France; (K.S.); (R.R.)
- Service d’Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Maxime Ducret
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305 CNRS/UCBL, 69007 Lyon, France; (M.L.); (M.B.); (J.-C.F.)
- Faculté d’Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France; (K.S.); (R.R.)
- Service d’Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
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Bedir MGA, Karadas M, Bedir F. Effect of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors on bonding durability of universal adhesives. Dent Mater J 2023; 42:581-590. [PMID: 37302822 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2022-282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (MMPIs) on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and nanoleakage of universal adhesives. One hundred twenty non-carious human molars were prepared and randomly assigned to two groups: Scotchbond Bond Universal (SBU) and Gluma Bond Universal (GBU). The samples in each group were assigned to five subgroups (n=12) based on one control (water) and four MMPIs (Benzalkonium-chloride (BAC), Batimastat (BB94), Chlorhexidine (CHX), and Epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG)). Each adhesive was applied in self-etch (SE) mode or etch-and-rinse (ER) mode. Dentin/composite sticks were fabricated and subjected to the μTBS test after 24 h or 6 months. At 6 months, MMPIs did not affect the μTBS of the adhesives, regardless of etching mode. Nanoleakage was more pronounced in ER mode than in SE mode for all subgroups. All MMPIs, with the exception of CHX, decreased the nanoleakage of GBU in ER mode.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammet Karadas
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University
| | - Fatih Bedir
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University
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Namjoo AR, Abrbekoh FN, Saghati S, Amini H, Saadatlou MAE, Rahbarghazi R. Tissue engineering modalities in skeletal muscles: focus on angiogenesis and immunomodulation properties. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:90. [PMID: 37061717 PMCID: PMC10105969 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03310-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscular diseases and injuries are challenging issues in human medicine, resulting in physical disability. The advent of tissue engineering approaches has paved the way for the restoration and regeneration of injured muscle tissues along with available conventional therapies. Despite recent advances in the fabrication, synthesis, and application of hydrogels in terms of muscle tissue, there is a long way to find appropriate hydrogel types in patients with congenital and/or acquired musculoskeletal injuries. Regarding specific muscular tissue microenvironments, the applied hydrogels should provide a suitable platform for the activation of endogenous reparative mechanisms and concurrently deliver transplanting cells and therapeutics into the injured sites. Here, we aimed to highlight recent advances in muscle tissue engineering with a focus on recent strategies related to the regulation of vascularization and immune system response at the site of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Rezaei Namjoo
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Sepideh Saghati
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hassan Amini
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- General and Vascular Surgery Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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8
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DUQUE C, SOUZA ACA, AIDA KL, PEREIRA JA, CAIAFFA KS, SANTOS VRD, COSME-SILVA L, PRAKKI A. Synergistic antimicrobial potential of EGCG and fosfomycin against biofilms associated with endodontic infections. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20220282. [PMID: 36995882 PMCID: PMC10065763 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and synergistic effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and fosfomycin (FOSFO) on biofilms of oral bacteria associated with endodontic infections. METHODOLOGY This study determined minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration (MIC/MBC) and fractionated inhibitory concentration (FIC) of EGCG and FOSFO against Enterococcus faecalis, Actinomyces israelii, Streptococcus mutans, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Monospecies and multispecies biofilms with those bacteria formed in polystyrene microplates and in radicular dentin blocks of bovine teeth were treated with the compounds and control chlorhexidine (CHX) and evaluated by bacterial counts and microscopy analysis. Toxicity effect of the compounds was determined on fibroblasts culture by methyl tetrazolium assays. RESULTS The combination of EGCG + FOSFO demonstrated synergism against all bacterial species, with an FIC index ranging from 0.35 to 0.5. At the MIC/FIC concentrations, EGCG, FOSFO, and EGCG+FOSFO were not toxic to fibroblasts. EGCG+FOSFO significantly reduced monospecies biofilms of E. faecalis and A. israelli, whereas S. mutans and F. nucleatum biofilms were eliminated by all compounds. Scanning electron microscopy of multispecies biofilms treated with EGCG, EGCG+FOSFO, and CHX at 100x MIC showed evident biofilm disorganization and substantial reduction of extracellular matrix. Confocal microscopy observed a significant reduction of multispecies biofilms formed in dentin tubules with 84.85%, 78.49%, and 50.6% of dead cells for EGCG+FOSFO, EGCG, and CHX at 100x MIC, respectively. CONCLUSION EGCG and fosfomycin showed a synergistic effect against biofilms of oral pathogens related to root canal infections without causing cytotoxicity.
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9
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Azaryan E, Emadian Razavi F, Hanafi-Bojd MY, Alemzadeh E, Naseri M. Dentin regeneration based on tooth tissue engineering: A review. Biotechnol Prog 2022; 39:e3319. [PMID: 36522133 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Missing or damaged teeth due to caries, genetic disorders, oral cancer, or infection may contribute to physical and mental impairment that reduces the quality of life. Despite major progress in dental tissue repair and those replacing missing teeth with prostheses, clinical treatments are not yet entirely satisfactory, as they do not regenerate tissues with natural teeth features. Therefore, much of the focus has centered on tissue engineering (TE) based on dental stem/progenitor cells to create bioengineered dental tissues. Many in vitro and in vivo studies have shown the use of cells in regenerating sections of a tooth or a whole tooth. Tooth tissue engineering (TTE), as a promising method for dental tissue regeneration, can form durable biological substitutes for soft and mineralized dental tissues. The cell-based TE approach, which directly seeds cells and bioactive components onto the biodegradable scaffolds, is currently the most potential method. Three essential components of this strategy are cells, scaffolds, and growth factors (GFs). This study investigates dentin regeneration after an injury such as caries using TE and stem/progenitor cell-based strategies. We begin by discussing about the biological structure of a dentin and dentinogenesis. The engineering of teeth requires knowledge of the processes that underlie the growth of an organ or tissue. Then, the three fundamental requirements for dentin regeneration, namely cell sources, GFs, and scaffolds are covered in the current study, which may ultimately lead to new insights in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsaneh Azaryan
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fariba Emadian Razavi
- Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yahya Hanafi-Bojd
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Esmat Alemzadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohsen Naseri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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10
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Elline E, Ismiyatin K, Indah Budhy T, Bhardwaj A. The potential of eggshell hydroxyapatite, collagen, and EGCG (HAp-Col-EGCG) scaffold as a pulp regeneration material. Saudi Dent J 2022; 34:715-722. [PMID: 36570587 PMCID: PMC9767861 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hydrogel scaffold is a biomaterial that can facilitate cells in forming a tissue structure. It can promote cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. Further research to find a new scaffold from natural resources is challenging, so this study aimed to characterize a hydrogel composite scaffold, which has the potential to be used as a regenerative material. Methods The formulation of HAp-Col-EGCG was mixed with different ratios of 1%, 2%, and 4% hydroxyapatite. We analyzed its injectability, pH, and gelation time. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to evaluate the surface morphologies, element composition, and chemical properties of HAp-Col-EGCG. Results The results showed that the injectability test was almost 90 % in all groups. There was no significant difference in the median value of the pH at 0, 20, and 60 min in all groups, but there was a significant difference at 40 min. The average gelation times in all groups were not significant. SEM-EDX showed a microporous scaffold, with the HAp particles well distributed in the collagen pores at a ratio of 1.9, 2.29, and 1.89 Ca/P. The FTIR results showed intermolecular bonds in the HAp-Col-EGCG scaffold. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed that collagen and EGCG did not affect the crystal structure and size of HAp. Cytotoxicity test showed more dental pulp cell viability at the 4 % HAp concentration at 514.35 ± 15.45. Conclusion This study indicates that hydrogel scaffold from eggshell hydroxyapatite, collagen, and EGCG has a high potential for pulp regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elline Elline
- Student of Doctoral Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti, Kyai Tapa Grogol No 26, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kun Ismiyatin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine. Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
- Corresponding authors at: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Airlangga University, 60132 Surabaya, Indonesia (K. Ismiyatin)
| | - Theresia Indah Budhy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dental Medicine. Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Anuj Bhardwaj
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine. Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Rau, Indore, India
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11
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Botanicals and Oral Stem Cell Mediated Regeneration: A Paradigm Shift from Artificial to Biological Replacement. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182792. [PMID: 36139367 PMCID: PMC9496740 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are a well-known autologous pluripotent cell source, having excellent potential to develop into specialized cells, such as brain, skin, and bone marrow cells. The oral cavity is reported to be a rich source of multiple types of oral stem cells, including the dental pulp, mucosal soft tissues, periodontal ligament, and apical papilla. Oral stem cells were useful for both the regeneration of soft tissue components in the dental pulp and mineralized structure regeneration, such as bone or dentin, and can be a viable substitute for traditionally used bone marrow stem cells. In recent years, several studies have reported that plant extracts or compounds promoted the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of different oral stem cells. This review is carried out by following the PRISMA guidelines and focusing mainly on the effects of bioactive compounds on oral stem cell-mediated dental, bone, and neural regeneration. It is observed that in recent years studies were mainly focused on the utilization of oral stem cell-mediated regeneration of bone or dental mesenchymal cells, however, the utility of bioactive compounds on oral stem cell-mediated regeneration requires additional assessment beyond in vitro and in vivo studies, and requires more randomized clinical trials and case studies.
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Noohi P, Abdekhodaie MJ, Nekoofar MH, Galler KM, Dummer PMH. Advances in Scaffolds Used for Pulp-Dentine Complex Tissue Engineering - A Narrative Review. Int Endod J 2022; 55:1277-1316. [PMID: 36039729 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pulp necrosis in immature teeth disrupts root development and predisposes roots to fracture as a consequence of their thin walls and open apices. Regenerative endodontics is a developing treatment modality whereby necrotic pulps are replaced with newly formed healthy tissue inside the root canal. Many clinical studies have demonstrated the potential of this strategy to stimulate root maturation and apical root-end closure. However, clinical outcomes are patient-dependent and unpredictable. The development of predictable clinical protocols is achieved through the interplay of the three classical elements of tissue engineering, namely, stem cells, signaling molecules, and scaffolds. Scaffolds provide structural support for cells to adhere and proliferate and also regulate cell differentiation and metabolism. Hence, designing and fabricating an appropriate scaffold is a crucial step in tissue engineering. In this review, four main classes of scaffolds used to engineer pulp-dentine complexes, including bioceramic-based scaffolds, synthetic polymer-based scaffolds, natural polymer-based scaffolds, and composite scaffolds, are covered. Additionally, recent advances in the design, fabrication, and application of such scaffolds are analysed along with their advantages and limitations. Finally, the importance of vascular network establishment in the success of pulp-dentine complex regeneration and strategies used to create scaffolds to address this challenge are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Noohi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad J Abdekhodaie
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad H Nekoofar
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Endodontic, Bahçeşehir University School of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kerstin M Galler
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paul M H Dummer
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Calabrese EJ. Hormesis and dental apical papilla stem cells. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 357:109887. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Elline, Fibryanto E, Amanda H. Characterization of nano-hydroxyapatite–collagen and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) composites by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. SCIENTIFIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/sdj.sdj_4_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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WANG R, STANLEY T, YAO X, LIU H, WANG Y. Collagen stabilization by natural cross-linkers: A qualitative and quantitative FTIR study on ultra-thin dentin collagen model. Dent Mater J 2022; 41:440-450. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2021-247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong WANG
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City
| | - Tyler STANLEY
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City
| | - Xiaomei YAO
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City
| | - Hang LIU
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City
| | - Yong WANG
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City
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Liu Z, Lin Y, Fang X, Yang J, Chen Z. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Promotes Osteo-/Odontogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells from the Apical Papilla through Activating the BMP-Smad Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061580. [PMID: 33809391 PMCID: PMC8001198 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) are desirable sources of dentin regeneration. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a natural component of green tea, shows potential in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells. However, whether EGCG regulates the odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs and how this occurs remain unknown. SCAPs from immature human third molars (16–20 years, n = 5) were treated with a medium containing different concentrations of EGCG or bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2), with or without LDN193189 (an inhibitor of the canonical BMP pathway). Cell proliferation and migration were analyzed using a CCK-8 assay and wound-healing assay, respectively. Osteo-/odontogenic differentiation was evaluated via alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red S staining, and the expression of osteo-/odontogenic markers using qPCR and Western blotting. We found that EGCG (1 or 10 μM) promoted the proliferation of SCAPs, increased alkaline phosphatase activity and mineral deposition, and upregulated the expression of osteo-/odontogenic markers including dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp), dentin matrix protein-1 (Dmp-1), bone sialoprotein (Bsp), and Type I collagen (Col1), along with the elevated expression of BMP2 and phosphorylation level of Smad1/5/9 (p < 0.01). EGCG at concentrations below 10 μM had no significant influence on cell migration. Moreover, EGCG-induced osteo-/odontogenic differentiation was significantly attenuated via LDN193189 treatment (p < 0.01). Furthermore, EGCG showed the ability to promote mineralization comparable with that of recombinant BMP2. Our study demonstrated that EGCG promotes the osteo-/odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs through the BMP–Smad signaling pathway.
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Indurkar A, Pandit A, Jain R, Dandekar P. Plant based cross-linkers for tissue engineering applications. J Biomater Appl 2020; 36:76-94. [PMID: 33342347 DOI: 10.1177/0885328220979273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Utility of plant-based materials in tissue engineering has exponentially increased over the years. Recent efforts in this area have been focused on substituting synthetic cross-linkers with natural ones derived from biological sources. These cross-linkers are essentially derived from the vegetative components of plants therefore suitably categorised as 'green' and renewable materials. Utilization of plant based cross-linkers in scaffolds and hydrogels offers several advantages compared to the synthetic ones. Natural compounds, like ferulic acid and genipin, when incorporated into scaffolds can promote cellular proliferation and growth, by regulation of growth factors. They participate in crucial activities, thus providing impetus for cell growth, function, differentiation and angiogenesis. Several natural compounds inherently possess anti-microbial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which enhance the inherent characteristics of the scaffolds. Versatility of natural cross-linkers can be exploited for diverse applications. Integrating such potent molecules can enable the scaffold to display relevant characteristics for each function. This review article focuses on the recent developments with plant based cross-linkers that are employed for scaffold synthesis and their applications, which may be explored to synthesize scaffolds suitable for diverse biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Indurkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashish Pandit
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Ratnesh Jain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Prajakta Dandekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
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Liao S, Tang Y, Chu C, Lu W, Baligen B, Man Y, Qu Y. Application of green tea extracts epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate in dental materials: Recent progress and perspectives. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:2395-2408. [PMID: 32379385 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Liao
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Yu Tang
- Stomatology College & the Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou Sichuan China
| | - Chenyu Chu
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Weitong Lu
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Bolatihan Baligen
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Yi Man
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Yili Qu
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
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Polyphenols in Dental Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:bioengineering7030072. [PMID: 32645860 PMCID: PMC7552636 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: polyphenols are a broad class of molecules extracted from plants and have a large repertoire of biological activities. Biomimetic inspiration from the effects of tea or red wine on the surface of cups or glass lead to the emergence of versatile surface chemistry with polyphenols. Owing to their hydrogen bonding abilities, coordination chemistry with metallic cations and redox properties, polyphenols are able to interact, covalently or not, with a large repertoire of chemical moieties, and can hence be used to modify the surface chemistry of almost all classes of materials. (2) Methods: the use of polyphenols to modify the surface properties of dental materials, mostly enamel and dentin, to afford them with better adhesion to resins and improved biological properties, such as antimicrobial activity, started more than 20 years ago, but no general overview has been written to our knowledge. (3) Results: the present review is aimed to show that molecules from all the major classes of polyphenolics allow for low coast improvements of dental materials and engineering of dental tissues.
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Klein M, Poverenov E. Natural biopolymer-based hydrogels for use in food and agriculture. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:2337-2347. [PMID: 31960453 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are important materials that are of high scientific interest and with numerous applications. Natural polymer-based hydrogels are preferred to synthetic ones due to their safety, biocompatibility, and ecofriendly properties. They have been studied extensively and implemented in various fields, such as medicine, cosmetics, personal-care products, water purification, and more. This review focuses on the applications of nature-sourced polymer-based hydrogels in food and agriculture. Different types of biopolymers and crosslinking agents, and various methods for hydrogel formation are described. The physicomechanical properties and applied activities of the resulting materials are also comprehensively discussed. Biodegradable synthetic polymers are outside the scope of this review. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miri Klein
- The Institute of Postharvest and Food Science, Agro-Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Center, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Elena Poverenov
- The Institute of Postharvest and Food Science, Agro-Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Center, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
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Fialho MPN, Hass V, Nogueira RP, França FMG, Turssi CP, Basting RT, Amaral FLB. Effect of epigallocatechin-3- gallate solutions on bond durability at the adhesive interface in caries-affected dentin. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 91:398-405. [PMID: 30669058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) reduces the durability of composite resin restorations on caries-affected dentin (CAD). The use of MMP inhibitors such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) could increase the longevity of the bond to dentin. This study aimed to evaluate the use of EGCG at different aqueous concentrations on the resin-dentin microtensile bond strength (μTBS), fracture pattern and nanoleakage (NL) in immediate (IM) time interval and after 12-months of water storage (1Y) when using a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system on CAD. Dentin surfaces of 40 human molars were submitted to a microbiological caries induction protocol and randomized into 5 groups (n = 8) (0.02% EGCG; 0.2% EGCG; 0.5% EGCG; 2% Chlorhexidine [CHX] and no treatment as Control Group - [NT]). After acid etching, the solutions were applied for 60 s followed by application of dental adhesive (Adper Single Bond 2, 3 M ESPE) to CAD surfaces. Subsequently, a resin composite (4 mm) block was built on the dentin. After 24 h, the teeth were sectioned into beam-shaped specimens (cross-sectional area of 1 mm2 and 8-mm high). Half of the specimens were tested in IM and the other half after 1Y. Two samples per tooth were submitted to SEM for NL evaluation. Data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α = 0.05). The results showed that use of EGCG and CHX did not affect μTBS in IM (p > 0.05). After 1Y, there was a reduction in μTBS for all experimental groups (p < 0.05). Adhesive fractures predominated in IM in all groups, except for 0.05% EGCG and NT. After 1Y, there was an increase in these adhesive fractures in all groups. For NL, all agents applied reduced NL in comparison with CT (p < 0.001). CHX showed lower NL (p < 0.001), followed by 0.02% and 0.5% EGCG. NT showed highest NL for both time intervals (p < 0.001). Thus, although the use of EGCG at different concentrations and CHX reduced the NL, they were unable to reduce degradation of μTBS to CAD over time.
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Reitzer F, Allais M, Ball V, Meyer F. Polyphenols at interfaces. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 257:31-41. [PMID: 29937230 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols are important molecules in living organisms, particularly in plants, where they serve as protectants against predators. They are also of fundamental importance in pharmacology for their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Since a few years polyphenols are also used in surface functionalization mimicking the tannin deposition observed when tea or red wine are in contact with the surface of cups or glasses respectively. The interaction of polyphenols with proteins to yield colloids and of polyphenol with surfaces will be reviewed in this article to provide an overview of such particles and surface functionalization methods in modern surface science. Particular emphasis will be given to biological applications of polyphenols at interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Reitzer
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, UMR_S 1121 Biomatériaux et bioingénierie, FMTS, 11 rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg, Cedex, France
| | - Manon Allais
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, UMR_S 1121 Biomatériaux et bioingénierie, FMTS, 11 rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg, Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Ball
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, UMR_S 1121 Biomatériaux et bioingénierie, FMTS, 11 rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg, Cedex, France.
| | - Florent Meyer
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, UMR_S 1121 Biomatériaux et bioingénierie, FMTS, 11 rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg, Cedex, France
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Suitability of EGCG as a Means of Stabilizing a Porcine Osteochondral Xenograft. J Funct Biomater 2017; 8:jfb8040043. [PMID: 28946629 PMCID: PMC5748550 DOI: 10.3390/jfb8040043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
As a non-crosslinked osteochondral xenograft would be mechanically inferior to native cartilage and vulnerable to premature degradation, we seek a safe and effective method of xenograft stabilization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capacity for epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) to stabilize a decellularized porcine osteochondral xenograft through collagen crosslinking. Our objectives were to assess the effects of EGCG on the degree of crosslinking, mechanical properties, collagenase resistance, cytotoxicity, and in vitro biocompatibility. EGCG is a green tea polyphenol that acts as a collagen crosslinker. Porcine osteochondral plugs were decellularized and then crosslinked by soaking in EGCG. The degree of crosslinking, cartilage compressive stiffness, cartilage-bone interface strength, coefficient of friction, and residual mass after collagenase exposure all increased with an increasing EGCG concentration. With the exception of the coefficient of friction, EGCG treatment could restore mechanical properties to levels equal to, or exceeding those, of native cartilage. EGCG treatment profoundly increased the enzymatic resistance, and 1% EGCG provided protection equivalent to 1% glutaraldehyde. EGCG up to 0.5 mM was essentially not cytotoxic to chondrocytes embedded in alginate, and autologous chondrocytes attached to decellularized, EGCG-fixed cartilage were all viable five days after seeding. Results demonstrate that EGCG has many beneficial effects on a decellularized osteochondral xenograft, and may be suitable for use in stabilizing such a graft prior to implantation for the repair of a defect.
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Antibacterial glass-ionomer cement restorative materials: A critical review on the current status of extended release formulations. J Control Release 2017; 262:317-328. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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