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Tabbara N, Ansari NS, Kandraju H, Maxwell CV, Shah V. Association Between Maternal Body Mass Index and Fetal Acidosis in Term Twin Pregnancies: A Retrospective Cohort Study. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2024; 46:102464. [PMID: 38631433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2024.102464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Given the increased risk of fetal acidosis in singleton neonates born to pregnant people with an elevated BMI, our objective was to evaluate the association between pre-pregnancy/first-trimester BMI and fetal acidosis among term twin pregnancies. METHODS Retrospective study of pregnant people with twin gestation and their term infants admitted to our centre between 2014 and 2019. Using a generalized estimating equation, the association between maternal BMI and fetal acidosis was determined using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs. A two-sided P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS A total of 275 pregnant people and 550 infants were analyzed. The number (%) of pregnancies in each BMI class were 10 (4%) underweight, 155 (56%) normal weight, 66 (24%) overweight, 22 (8%) class I, 9 (3%) class II, and 13 (5%) class III. The prevalence of maternal diabetes and hypertension was highest in class III (31%) and class II (44%), respectively. Fetal acidosis was diagnosed in 35 (6%) infants. After adjusting for confounders (maternal age, diabetes, and hypertension), infants born to those with elevated BMI did not have increased odds of fetal acidosis compared to those born to underweight and normal weight group (OR 1.29; 95% CI 0.38-4.41 for class I, P = 0.67 and OR 2.80; 95% CI 0.62-12.62 for the combined classes II and III, P = 0.18). CONCLUSIONS Maternal BMI was not associated with fetal acidosis in term twin pregnancies. Further research is required to corroborate study findings due to small sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla Tabbara
- Department of Pharmacy, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
| | - Najmus Sehr Ansari
- Department of Paediatrics, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
| | - Hemasree Kandraju
- Department of Paediatrics, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
| | - Cynthia V Maxwell
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON; Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON
| | - Vibhuti Shah
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON; Department of Paediatrics, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON.
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Alves FCR, Moreira A, Moutinho O. Maternal and long-term offspring outcomes of obesity during pregnancy. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:2315-2321. [PMID: 38502190 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07349-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity`s prevalence is rising in women of reproductive age worldwide and has become the most common medical condition at this age group. Besides, its occurrence is also rising during pregnancy. This condition not only increases the risk of noncommunicable diseases on the mother, such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes, but also transfers this risk to the offspring. METHODS This is a narrative review based on scientific and review articles on the matter. RESULTS Obesity is associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational hypertension and preeclampsia, venous thromboembolism, infection, and mental health problems. Furthermore, it has an impact on the progress of labor and induction matters. Regarding offspring outcomes, it is related to higher incidence of congenital anomalies, perinatal mortality, and the occurrence of large for gestational age newborns. Still, it has implications on cardiometabolic risk and neurodevelopment in offspring. CONCLUSION It is, therefore, imperative to encourage the adoption of healthy lifestyles, especially in the peri-conception and interpregnancy periods. Likewise, there must be support in the multidisciplinary monitoring of these pregnant women to minimize associated complication rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Cristina Ribeiro Alves
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Avenida da Noruega, Lordelo, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Ana Moreira
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Avenida da Noruega, Lordelo, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Osvaldo Moutinho
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Avenida da Noruega, Lordelo, Vila Real, Portugal
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Gaskin CJ, Cooper K, Stephens LD, Peeters A, Salmon J, Porter J. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of overweight and obesity published internationally: A scoping review. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13700. [PMID: 38296655 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
With the increasing prevalence of obesity placing additional demands on healthcare systems, many jurisdictions and professional bodies have developed clinical practice guidelines to support practitioners in the management of people with overweight and obesity. This scoping review aimed to identify key features of contemporary guidelines for the clinical management of overweight and obesity. Searches of MEDLINE, Guidelines International Network's international guidelines library, and other grey literature sources identified 38 guidelines of 18 countries and one region published since 2010. Guidelines were developed by committees (n = 36, 95%) that comprised knowledgeable experts (n = 36, 95%) and were multidisciplinary (n = 33, 87%), with limited consumer representation (n = 11, 29%). Guideline documentation incorporated review questions (n = 23, 61%), systematic reviews (n = 25, 66%), evidence grading systems (n = 33, 87%), processes for reaching consensus (n = 19, 50%), and guideline review details (n = 28, 74%). Treatment approaches included in most guidelines were nutrition and physical activity (n = 38, 100%), psychology (n = 37, 97%), pharmacotherapy (n = 32, 84%), and bariatric surgery (n = 31, 82%). Most guidelines targeted populations based on age (n = 30, 79%). Guidelines contained recommendations for pregnancy (n = 12, 32%), older adults (n = 9, 24%), and people with eating disorders (n = 8, 21%). Future guidelines would benefit from involvement of consumers including groups known to be at increased risk of overweight and obesity, targeted guidance for at risk groups, and consideration of weight bias and stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cadeyrn J Gaskin
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Institute for Health Transformation (IHT), School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Kelly Cooper
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Lena D Stephens
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Institute for Health Transformation (IHT), School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Anna Peeters
- Institute for Health Transformation (IHT), School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Judi Porter
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Schmidt M, Schaefer-Graf UM. The German guideline "Obesity in pregnancy": comparison with the international approach. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:1699-1705. [PMID: 38180566 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07314-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is an increasing problem, even in young women of reproductive age. Obesity has a negative impact on conception, the course of pregnancy, and neonatal outcomes. Caring for obese pregnant women has becoming an important aspect of standard prenatal care. The Guideline "Obesity and Pregnancy" of the German Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics aims to create evidence-based recommendations which can be used to improve the care of obese pregnant women. As obesity is a worldwide problem, many societies for obstetrics and gynecology have created national guidelines. METHODS We reviewed the following guidelines for obesity and pregnancy: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) 2021, Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (RCOG) 2018; AND Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada (SOGC) 2019. These guidelines were compared to the German guideline. RESULTS There are some variations between the guidelines, though no major contradictions exist. Disparities were found regarding the recommendations for substitution of high folic acid and Vitamin D. Furthermore, the recommended time for screening for gestational diabetes and the methods to control fetal growth differ between the guidelines. Regarding place of birth, RCOG allows delivery in midwifery-led units in the absence of other high-risk circumstances, while others request facility of care by neonatologists and medical staff trained in care of obese women. Induction of labor at term due to increased risk of intrauterine demise is mostly limited to women with a body mass index of 40 kg/m2. Only one guideline considers induction of all obese women. For intrapartum management, the majority allows tolerating of longer labor times to delivery if fetal monitoring is sufficient and fetal stress is excluded. Special encouragement of breastfeeding and healthy lifestyle is commonly recommended; only in the Canadian guideline, postpartum depression evaluation is requested due to the overall high prevalence of depression and anxiety in obese women. CONCLUSION All guidelines consider pregnancies in obese women as high-risk pregnancies and emphasize the need for preconception counseling. There are special needs in pregnancy care and in the intrapartum and postpartum management to be observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Schmidt
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sana Clinics Duisburg, Zu den Rehwiesen 3, 47055, Duisburg, Germany.
| | - U M Schaefer-Graf
- Department for Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Joseph Hospital, Berlin, Germany
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Jevitt CM, Ketchum K. Pairing Evidence-Based Strategies With Motivational Interviewing to Support Optimal Nutrition and Weight Gain in Pregnancy. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs 2024; 38:25-36. [PMID: 38278641 DOI: 10.1097/jpn.0000000000000792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Because eating, nutrition, and weight management patterns adopted during pregnancy may persist beyond the postpartum period, pregnancy provides an opportunity for health education that affects the future health of the pregnant person, the fetus, and the family. This systematic review aimed to find nutrition and weight management behaviors that could be used safely during pregnancy to optimize gestational weight gain. METHODS PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science were searched for research or systematic reviews published in English from 2018 to 2023 using terms including gestational weight gain maintenance, weight, management, pregnancy, behavior, strategy, and strategies. Excluded research used pediatric or adolescent populations, restrictive diets such as no carbohydrate or no fat diets, fasting, bariatric surgery, weight loss medications, private industry, or profit-earning programs using food brands or specific diet programs. RESULTS The abstracts reviewed in these areas: excessive gestational weight gain (1019), low-glycemic index diet (640), Mediterranean diet (220), MyPlate diet (2), the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet (50), portion control (6), home meal preparation (6), mindful eating (13), intuitive eating (10), self-weighing (10), and motivational interviewing during pregnancy (107), were reduced to 102 studies. Studies in those 10 areas were reviewed for nutrition and eating behaviors that are safe to use during pregnancy and could be used along with motivational interviewing. CONCLUSION Clinicians can discuss these behaviors using motivational interviewing techniques to assist clients in optimizing gestational weight gain. Dialogue examples pairing these strategies with motivational interviewing principles are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia M Jevitt
- Midwifery Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Ketchum K, Jevitt CM. Evidence-Based Eating Patterns and Behavior Changes to Limit Excessive Gestational Weight Gain: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 21:15. [PMID: 38276803 PMCID: PMC10815062 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND International prenatal care guidelines set a standard for clinicians to discuss gestational weight gain with their patients along with the complications associated with prepregnancy obesity and excessive gestational weight gain. Clinicians often lack evidence-based eating, nutrition, and activity strategies to share with patients. METHODS This systematic review aimed to find eating patterns and behaviors that could be used safely during pregnancy to limit excessive gestational weight gain. PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science were searched for research or systematic reviews performed in the United States or Canada and published in English from 2013 to 2023. Keyword search terms included weight, manage, behavior, strategy, strategies, gestational weight gain, and nutrition. Excluded research used pediatric or adolescent populations, restrictive diets, such as no carbohydrate or no fat diets, fasting, bariatric surgery, weight loss medications, private industry or profit-earning programs using food brands, or specific diet programs. RESULTS A total of 844 abstracts were retrieved, with 103 full-text studies reviewed. Behaviors had to be useful for maintaining a healthy gestational weight gain and had to be safe for use during pregnancy. Behaviors useful during pregnancy included meal planning, home meal preparation, portion control, using diets such as the Mediterranean diet, the low-glycemic index diet, and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet (DASH), regular physical activity, sleeping 6-7 h a night, mindful eating, intuitive eating, and regular seif-weighing. CONCLUSION The evidence-based strategies outlined in this review are safe for use during pregnancy and can assist patients in avoiding excessive gestational weight gain while maintaining the nutrition needed for healthy fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cecilia M. Jevitt
- Midwifery Program, Department of Family Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada;
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Ursache A, Bujor IE, Cristofor AE, Zelinschi DO, Nemescu D, Matasariu DR. Maternal Body Mass Index Trends and Weight Gain in Singleton Pregnancies at the Time of Fetal Anatomic Survey: Changes in the Last Decade and New Trends in the Modern Era. Nutrients 2023; 15:4788. [PMID: 38004185 PMCID: PMC10674181 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: the worldwide impact of overweight and obesity is rising, increasingly resembling an epidemic (a price we have to pay for our new way of living). (2) Methods: our study aims to evaluate the temporal trends and patterns of singleton pregnant women's BMI (body mass index) in our region during a 12-year time frame between 2010 and 2021. (3) Results: We noticed a statistically significant difference between the BMIs of nulliparous and multiparous women and a significantly increased pregestational BMI in women with previous ART (assisted reproductive technology) procedures. Smoking pregnant women had a higher second trimester weight gain, regardless of parity. Women with folic acid supplementation alone had a higher BMI than those with folic acid and multivitamin intake. The weight of both nulliparous and multiparous women with chronic hypertension was statistically significantly higher in all three timeframes. Global weight gain did not reveal any statistically significant changes concerning women with pregestational diabetes, regardless of parity and the pregnancy trimester. (4) Conclusions: our article describes the trends in obesity and overweight in our middle-income country, in which this pathology is continuously growing, negatively influencing our reproductive-aged women and future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ursache
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.U.); (I.E.B.); (D.O.Z.); (D.R.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cuza Voda Hospital, 700038 Iasi, Romania
| | - Iuliana Elena Bujor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.U.); (I.E.B.); (D.O.Z.); (D.R.M.)
| | - Alexandra Elena Cristofor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.U.); (I.E.B.); (D.O.Z.); (D.R.M.)
| | - Denisa Oana Zelinschi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.U.); (I.E.B.); (D.O.Z.); (D.R.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cuza Voda Hospital, 700038 Iasi, Romania
| | - Dragos Nemescu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.U.); (I.E.B.); (D.O.Z.); (D.R.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cuza Voda Hospital, 700038 Iasi, Romania
| | - Daniela Roxana Matasariu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr. T. Popa’, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.U.); (I.E.B.); (D.O.Z.); (D.R.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cuza Voda Hospital, 700038 Iasi, Romania
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Ancira-Moreno M, Burrola-Méndez S, Muñoz-Manrique C, Omaña-Guzmán I, Hoyos-Loya E, Trejo-Domínguez A, Hernández-Cordero S, Mazariegos M, Smith N, Tavano-Colaizzi L, Mier-Cabrera J, Avendaño-Álvarez F, Espino y Sosa S, Muciño-Sandoval K, Ibarra-González L, Medina-Avilés C. A scoping review and critical evaluation of the methodological quality of clinical practice guidelines on nutrition in the preconception. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1122289. [PMID: 37927499 PMCID: PMC10621738 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1122289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) contain recommendations for specific clinical circumstances, including maternal malnutrition. This study aimed to identify the CPGs that provide recommendations for preventing, diagnosing, and treating women's malnutrition. Additionally, we sought to assess the methodological quality using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) instrument. Methods An online search for CPGs was performed, looking for those that contained lifestyle and nutritional recommendations to prevent, diagnose and treat malnutrition in women during the preconception period using PubMed and different websites. The reviewers utilized the AGREE II instrument to appraise the quality of the CPGs. We defined high-quality guidelines with a final score of > 70%. Results The titles and abstracts from 30 guidelines were screened for inclusion, of which 20 guidelines were fully reviewed for quality assessment. The overall quality assessment of CPGs was 73%, and only 55% reached a high-quality classification. The domains in the guidelines classified as high-quality had the highest scores in "Scope and Purpose" and "Clarity of Presentation" with a median of 98.5 and 93%, respectively. Discussion Further assessment is needed to improve the quality of the guidelines, which is an opportunity to strengthen them, especially in the domains with the lowest scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Ancira-Moreno
- Department of Health, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
- Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Network (MaCHiNNe), Observatorio Materno Infantil, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Soraya Burrola-Méndez
- Department of Health, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
- Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Network (MaCHiNNe), Observatorio Materno Infantil, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cinthya Muñoz-Manrique
- Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Network (MaCHiNNe), Observatorio Materno Infantil, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
- Coordination of Nutrition and Bioprogramming, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Isabel Omaña-Guzmán
- Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Network (MaCHiNNe), Observatorio Materno Infantil, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
- Pediatric Obesity Clinic and Wellness Unit, Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Hoyos-Loya
- Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Network (MaCHiNNe), Observatorio Materno Infantil, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Trejo-Domínguez
- Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Network (MaCHiNNe), Observatorio Materno Infantil, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sonia Hernández-Cordero
- Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Network (MaCHiNNe), Observatorio Materno Infantil, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
- Research Center for Equitable Development EQUIDE, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mónica Mazariegos
- Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Network (MaCHiNNe), Observatorio Materno Infantil, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
- Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases (CIIPEC), Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP), Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Natalia Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | - Jennifer Mier-Cabrera
- Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Network (MaCHiNNe), Observatorio Materno Infantil, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fermín Avendaño-Álvarez
- Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Network (MaCHiNNe), Observatorio Materno Infantil, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Salvador Espino y Sosa
- Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Network (MaCHiNNe), Observatorio Materno Infantil, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
- Clinical Research Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karla Muciño-Sandoval
- Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Network (MaCHiNNe), Observatorio Materno Infantil, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lizeth Ibarra-González
- Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Network (MaCHiNNe), Observatorio Materno Infantil, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
- Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cristina Medina-Avilés
- Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Network (MaCHiNNe), Observatorio Materno Infantil, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
- Sub-Direction of Gynecology and Obstetrics Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City, Mexico
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Yang X, Xiang Z, Zhang J, Song Y, Guo E, Zhang R, Chen X, Chen L, Gao L. Development and feasibility of a theory-guided and evidence-based physical activity intervention in pregnant women with high risk for gestational diabetes mellitus: a pilot clinical trial. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:678. [PMID: 37726710 PMCID: PMC10510212 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05995-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity has been utilized as an effective strategy to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, most pregnant women with high risk for GDM did not achieve the recommended physical activity level. Furthermore, relevant physical activity protocols have varied without theory-guided and evidence-based tailored to pregnant women with high risk for GDM. This study aimed to develop and pilot test a theory-guided and evidence-based physical activity intervention protocol for pregnant women with high risk for GDM. METHODS The study design was guided by the Medical Research Council Framework for Developing and Evaluating Complex Intervention (the MRC framework). The preliminary protocol for physical activity intervention was developed based on self-efficacy theory, research evidence identified from systematic reviews and clinic trials, stakeholder engagement, context, and economic considerations. The preliminary intervention protocol was validated through a content validity study by an expert panel of 10 experts. A single-blinded randomized controlled trial (RCT) was designed to test the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. RESULTS The validity of the preliminary intervention protocol was excellent as consensus was achieved. The final 13 sessions of self-efficacy enhancing physical activity intervention protocol were developed, including knowledge education, exercise clinic visits and video, and group discussions with face-to-face and online blended sessions. In the feasibility study, 34 pregnant women with high risk for GDM were randomized for the intervention (n = 17) or the control group (n = 17). The recruitment and retention rates were 82.9% and 58.9%, respectively. Women in the intervention group had a lower incidence of GDM (26.7% vs. 36.5%) than the control group (P >0.05). All participants were satisfied with the intervention and agreed that the intervention was helpful. CONCLUSIONS The developed self-efficacy-enhancing physical activity intervention is a feasible and acceptable intervention for enhancing physical activity among pregnant women with high risk for GDM and is ready to be tested in a more extensive RCT study. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered on 4 February 2022 (ChiCTR2200056355) by the Chinese Clini Trial Registry (CHiCTR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yang
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong Province P.R. China
| | - Zhixuan Xiang
- School of Nursing, Xiangtan Medicine & Health Vocational College, Xiangtan, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Zhengzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingli Song
- Zhengzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Erfeng Guo
- School of Nursing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruixing Zhang
- School of Nursing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong Province P.R. China
| | - Lu Chen
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong Province P.R. China
| | - Lingling Gao
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong Province P.R. China
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Niles KM, Jain V, Chan C, Choo S, Dore S, Kiely DJ, Lim K, Roy Lacroix ME, Sharma S, Waterman E. Guideline No. 441: Antenatal Fetal Health Surveillance. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2023; 45:665-677.e3. [PMID: 37661122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2023.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the current evidence and to make recommendations for antenatal fetal health surveillance (FHS) to detect perinatal risk factors and potential fetal decompensation in the antenatal period and to allow for timely intervention to prevent perinatal morbidity and/or mortality. TARGET POPULATION Pregnant individuals with or without maternal, fetal, or pregnancy-associated perinatal risk factors for antenatal fetal decompensation. OPTIONS To use basic and/or advanced antenatal testing modalities, based on risk factors for potential fetal decompensation. OUTCOMES Early identification of potential fetal decompensation allows for interventions that may support fetal adaptation to maintain well-being or expedite delivery. BENEFITS, HARMS, AND COSTS Antenatal FHS in pregnant individuals with identified perinatal risk factors may reduce the chance of adverse outcomes. Given the high false-positive rate, FHS may increase unnecessary interventions, which may result in harm, including parental anxiety, premature or operative birth, and increased use of health care resources. Optimization of surveillance protocols based on evidence-informed practice may improve perinatal outcomes and reduce harm. EVIDENCE Medline, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to January 2022, using medical subject headings (MeSH) and key words related to pregnancy, fetal monitoring, fetal movement, stillbirth, pregnancy complications, and fetal sonography. This document represents an abstraction of the evidence rather than a methodological review. VALIDATION METHODS The authors rated the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. See online Appendix A (Tables A1 for definitions and A2 for interpretations of strong and weak recommendations). INTENDED AUDIENCE All health care team members who provide care for or education to obstetrical patients, including maternal fetal medicine specialists, obstetricians, family physicians, midwives, nurses, nurse practitioners, and radiologists. SUMMARY STATEMENTS RECOMMENDATIONS.
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Niles KM, Jain V, Chan C, Choo S, Dore S, Kiely DJ, Lim K, Roy-Lacroix MÈ, Sharma S, Waterman E. Directive clinique n o 441 : Surveillance prénatale du bien-être fœtal. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2023; 45:678-693.e3. [PMID: 37661123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2023.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIF Résumer les données probantes actuelles et formuler des recommandations pour la surveillance prénatale du bien-être fœtal afin de détecter les facteurs de risque périnatal et toute potentielle décompensation fœtale et de permettre une intervention rapide en prévention de la morbidité et la mortalité périnatales. POPULATION CIBLE Personnes enceintes avec ou sans facteurs maternels, fœtaux ou gravidiques associés à des risques périnataux et à la décompensation fœtale. OPTIONS Utiliser des examens prénataux par technologie de base et/ou avancée en fonction des facteurs de risque de décompensation fœtale. RéSULTATS: La reconnaissance précoce de toute décompensation fœtale potentielle permet d'intervenir de façon à favoriser l'adaptation fœtale pour maintenir le bien-être ou à accélérer l'accouchement. BéNéFICES, RISQUES ET COûTS: Chez les personnes enceintes ayant des facteurs de risque périnatal confirmés, la surveillance du bien-être fœtal contribue à réduire le risque d'issue défavorable. Compte tenu du taux élevé de faux positifs, la surveillance du bien-être fœtal peut augmenter le risque d'interventions inutiles, ce qui peut avoir des effets nuisibles, dont l'anxiété parentale, l'accouchement prématuré ou assisté et l'utilisation accrue des ressources de soins de santé. L'optimisation des protocoles de surveillance d'après des pratiques fondées sur des données probantes peut améliorer les issues périnatales et réduire les effets nuisibles. DONNéES PROBANTES: Des recherches ont été effectuées dans les bases de données Medline, PubMed, Embase et Cochrane Library, de leur création jusqu'à janvier 2022, à partir de termes MeSH et de mots clés liés à la grossesse, à la surveillance fœtale, aux mouvements fœtaux, à la mortinaissance, aux complications de grossesse et à l'échographie fœtale. Le présent document est un résumé des données probantes et non pas une revue méthodologique. MéTHODES DE VALIDATION: Les auteurs ont évalué la qualité des données probantes et la force des recommandations en utilisant le cadre méthodologique GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation). Voir l'annexe A en ligne (tableau A1 pour les définitions et tableau A2 pour l'interprétation des recommandations fortes et faibles). PROFESSIONNELS CONCERNéS: Tous les membres de l'équipe de soins qui prodiguent des soins ou donnent de l'information aux patientes en obstétrique, notamment les spécialistes en médecine fœto-maternelle, les obstétriciens, les médecins de famille, les sages-femmes, les infirmières, les infirmières praticiennes et les radiologistes. DÉCLARATIONS SOMMAIRES: RECOMMANDATIONS.
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Wang Z, Chen J, Long T, Liang L, Zhong C, Li Y. Clinical analysis of diabetes in pregnancy with stillbirth. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33898. [PMID: 37233404 PMCID: PMC10219722 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients with diabetes in pregnancy (DIP) associated with stillbirth and explored strategies to reduce its incidence. We retrospectively analyzed 71 stillbirths associated with DIP (group A) and 150 normal pregnancies (group B) during 2009 to 2018. The incidence of the following was higher in group A (P < .05): hypertensive disorders (38.03% vs 6.00%), placenta previa (14.08% vs 2.67%), placental abruption (5.63% vs 0.67%), fetal malformation (8.45% vs 0.67%), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥ 7.0 mmol/L (46.48% vs 0.67%), 2-h postprandial plasma glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L (57.75% vs 6.00%), HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (63.38% vs 6.00%), and polyhydramnios (11.27% vs 4.67). The incidence of oligohydramnios (4.23% vs 6.67%) was lower in group A than in group B (P < .05). According to the gestational age at the time of stillbirth, Group-A cases were subgrouped into miscarriages (20-27+6 weeks), premature deliveries (28-36+6 weeks), and full-term deliveries (≥37 weeks). Age, parity, and DIP type did not differ among the subgroups (P > .05). Among patients with DIP, antenatal FPG, 2-h postprandial plasma glucose, and HbA1c were significantly associated with stillbirth (P < .05). Stillbirth was first detected at 22 weeks and typically occurred at 28-36+6 weeks. DIP was associated with a higher incidence of stillbirth, and FPG, 2-h postprandial plasma glucose, and HbA1c were potential indicators of stillbirth in DIP. Age (odds ratio [OR]: 2.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.67-2.74), gestational hypertension (OR: 3.44, 95% CI: 2.21-4.67), body mass index (OR: 2.86, 95% CI: 1.95-3.76), preeclampsia (OR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.45-3.12), and diabetic ketoacidosis (OR: 3.99, 95% CI: 1.22-6.76) were positively correlated with the occurrence of stillbirth in DIP. Controlling perinatal plasma glucose, accurately detecting and managing comorbidities/complications, and timely termination of pregnancy can reduce the incidence of stillbirths associated with DIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Foshan Women and Children Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Tuhong Long
- Department of Medical Affairs Section, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixuan Liang
- Department of Obstetrics, Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Caijuan Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingtao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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Ninan K, Ali R, Morfaw F, McDonald SD. Prevention of pre-eclampsia with aspirin: A systematic review of guidelines and evaluation of the quality of recommendation evidence. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2023; 161:26-39. [PMID: 36129381 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence has shown significant benefits of aspirin for preventing pre-eclampsia. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to systematically review recommendations from clinical practice guidelines and other recommendation documents on aspirin for the prevention of pre-eclampsia. SEARCH STRATEGY Ten databases were searched for statements from December 1, 2013, to January 1, 2022. SELECTION CRITERIA Without language restrictions, the most recent version of documents was considered. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors independently extracted recommendations. Guideline quality was assessed using a modified AGREE-II instrument and the AGREE-REX tool. MAIN RESULTS Out of 48 statements on the prevention of pre-eclampsia, 46 had recommendations on use of aspirin. Of them, 39 were supported by evidence from systematic reviews or randomized controlled trials. Three statements reported aspirin's significant reductions in preterm pre-eclampsia and one in perinatal death. Concerning quality, 41% of statements were rated as high quality in all domains of the AGREE-II tool, 15% were rated high quality in all domains of the AGREE-REX tool, and 11% were rated high quality in all domains on both tools. CONCLUSIONS While 96% of statements advocated for use of aspirin, only 9% reported a significant reduction in preterm pre-eclampsia or perinatal death. Based on the AGREE tools, future statements could use methodological improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Ninan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rifaa Ali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frederick Morfaw
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah D McDonald
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Hill IF, Angrish K, Nutter S, Ramos-Salas X, Minhas H, Nagpal TS. Exploring body dissatisfaction in pregnancy and the association with gestational weight gain, obesity, and weight stigma. Midwifery 2023; 119:103627. [PMID: 36804829 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2023.103627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Body dissatisfaction in pregnancy has been associated with negative psychological maternal outcomes, including increased risk of postpartum depression. This study aimed to explore weight-related factors that influence body dissatisfaction in pregnancy, including gestational weight gain (GWG), weight stigma, obesity, and weight loss attempts before pregnancy. DESIGN Secondary analysis of a larger cross-sectional study. SETTING Online survey administered via Qualtrics. PARTICIPANTS ≥12 weeks pregnant, ≥18 years of age, having a singleton pregnancy and residing in Canada. MEASUREMENTS AND FINDINGS A battery of questionnaires were completed, including the Body Image in Pregnancy Scale (BIPS) sub-scale. The BIPS scores were compared based on experiences of weight stigma in pregnancy, perception towards their GWG, weight loss attempts before pregnancy, obesity, and GWG category classified as excessive or not referring to Institute of Medicine (2009) guidelines. Significant differences were entered into a linear regression model with BIPS scores as the dependent variable. Significance was accepted as p<0.05. A total of 182 participants completed the survey. There were no differences in BIPS scores based on GWG category (p = 0.160), or obesity (p = 0.230). Poorer BIPS scores were reported by those who felt they had gained 'too much' pregnancy weight than 'appropriate' (p<0.001), and among those who were trying to lose weight before pregnancy compared to those who were not (p = 0.002). Poorer BIPS scores were also reported by individuals who indicated they had experienced weight stigma during pregnancy compared to those who had not (p<0.001). Regression results showed that significant variables were perceptions towards GWG (p = 0.003) and experiencing weight stigma in pregnancy (p = 0.011). KEY CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Perceptions towards GWG and experiencing weight stigma can influence body dissatisfaction in pregnancy. Given the detrimental physical and psychological consequences of body dissatisfaction, effective strategies to reduce prenatal weight stigma are needed, such as training maternal healthcare providers to offer sensitive preconception and prenatal weight counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle F Hill
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, ON, Canada
| | - Kirina Angrish
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Nutter
- Department of Educational Psychology and Leadership Studies, University of Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | - Harneet Minhas
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, ON, Canada
| | - Taniya S Nagpal
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, ON, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, AB, Canada.
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Robinson D, Campbell K, Hobson SR, MacDonald WK, Sawchuck D, Wagner B. Guideline No. 432a: Cervical Ripening and Induction of Labour - General Information. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2023; 45:35-44.e1. [PMID: 36725128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This guideline presents evidence and recommendations for cervical ripening and induction of labour. It aims to provide information to birth attendants and pregnant individuals on optimal perinatal care while avoiding unnecessary obstetrical intervention. TARGET POPULATION All pregnant patients. BENEFITS, HARMS, AND COSTS Consistent interprofessional use of the guideline, appropriate equipment, and trained professional staff enhance safe intrapartum care. Pregnant individuals and their support person(s) should be informed of the benefits and risks of induction of labour. EVIDENCE Literature published to March 2022 was reviewed. PubMed, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library were used to search for systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, and observational studies on cervical ripening and induction of labour. Grey (unpublished) literature was identified by searching the websites of health technology assessment and health technology related agencies, clinical practice guideline collections, clinical trial registries, and national and international medical specialty societies. VALIDATION METHODS The authors rated the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. See online Appendix A (Tables A1 for definitions and A2 for interpretations of strong and conditional [weak] recommendations). INTENDED AUDIENCE All providers of obstetrical care. RECOMMANDATIONS
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Robinson D, Campbell K, Hobson SR, MacDonald WK, Sawchuck D, Wagner B. Directive clinique n o 432a : Maturation cervicale et déclenchement artificiel du travail - Information générale. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2023; 45:45-55.e1. [PMID: 36725130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIF Présenter des données probantes et des recommandations sur la maturation cervicale et le déclenchement artificiel du travail. Fournir de l'information aux professionnels accoucheurs et aux personnes enceintes sur les soins périnataux optimaux et la prévention des interventions obstétricales inutiles. POPULATION CIBLE Toutes les patientes enceintes. BéNéFICES, RISQUES ET COûTS: La mise en application interprofessionnelle et cohérente de la présente directive, l'équipement adéquat et le personnel compétent améliorent la sécurité des soins per partum. Les personnes enceintes et leurs personnes de soutien doivent être informées des risques et bénéfices du déclenchement artificiel du travail. DONNéES PROBANTES: La littérature publiée jusqu'en mars 2022 a été passée en revue. Une recherche a été effectuée dans les bases de données PubMed, CINAHL et Cochrane Library pour répertorier des revues systématiques, des essais cliniques randomisés et des études observationnelles sur la maturation cervicale et le déclenchement artificiel du travail. La littérature grise (non publiée) a été obtenue à l'aide de recherches menées dans des sites Web d'organismes s'intéressant à l'évaluation des technologies dans le domaine de la santé et d'organismes connexes, dans des collections de directives cliniques, des registres d'essais cliniques et des sites Web de sociétés de spécialité médicale nationales et internationales. MéTHODES DE VALIDATION: Les auteurs ont évalué la qualité des données probantes et la force des recommandations en utilisant le cadre méthodologique GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation). Voir l'annexe A en ligne (tableau A1 pour les définitions et tableau A2 pour l'interprétation des recommandations fortes et conditionnelles [faibles]). PROFESSIONNELS CONCERNéS: Tous les fournisseurs de soins obstétricaux. RECOMMANDATIONS
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Giouleka S, Tsakiridis I, Koutsouki G, Kostakis N, Mamopoulos A, Kalogiannidis I, Athanasiadis A, Dagklis T. Obesity in Pregnancy: A Comprehensive Review of Influential Guidelines. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2023; 78:50-68. [PMID: 36607201 DOI: 10.1097/ogx.0000000000001091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Importance Obesity is one of the most common clinical entities complicating pregnancies and is associated with short- and long-term consequences for both the mother and the offspring. Objective The aim of this study were to review and compare the most recently published influential guidelines on the management of maternal obesity in the preconceptional, antenatal, intrapartum, and postpartum period. Evidence Acquisition A descriptive review of guidelines from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada, the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, and the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists on obesity in pregnancy was carried out. Results There is an overall agreement among the reviewed guidelines regarding the importance of prepregnancy weight loss with behavioral modification, optimization of gestational weight gain, and screening for comorbidities in improving pregnancy outcomes of obese women. Women with previous bariatric surgery should be screened for nutritional deficiencies and have a closer antenatal surveillance, according to all guidelines. In addition, folic acid supplementation is recommended for 1 to 3 months before conception and during the first trimester, but several discrepancies were identified with regard to other vitamins, iodine, calcium, and iron supplementation. All medical societies recommend early screening for gestational diabetes mellitus and early anesthetic assessment in obese women and suggest the use of aspirin for the prevention of preeclampsia when additional risk factors are present, although the optimal dosage is controversial. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, and Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists point out that specific equipment and adequate resources must be readily available in all health care facilities managing obese pregnant women. Moreover, thromboprophylaxis and prophylactic antibiotics are indicated in case of cesarean delivery, and intrapartum fetal monitoring is justified during active labor in obese patients. However, there are no consistent protocols regarding the fetal surveillance, the monitoring of multiple gestations, the timing and mode of delivery, and the postpartum follow-up, although weight loss and breastfeeding are unanimously supported. Conclusions Obesity in pregnancy is a significant contributor to maternal and perinatal morbidity with a constantly rising global prevalence among reproductive-aged women. Thus, the development of uniform international protocols for the effective management of obese women is of paramount importance to safely guide clinical practice and subsequently improve pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Themistoklis Dagklis
- Assistant Professor, Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Wang X, Zhu C, Liu H, Sun L, Zhu W, Gu C. The effects of a midwife-led weight management program for pregnant women: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud 2023; 137:104387. [PMID: 36435003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inappropriate weight gain during pregnancy may present risks for maternal and newborn health. Pregnancy is considered the optimal time to intervene on women's health behaviors such as eating habits and physical activity. However, current clinical practice guidelines for weight management during pregnancy were not fully based on randomized trials, thus lacking specific "active intervention ingredients" that are proven effective in achieving appropriate gestational weight gain. Therefore it is essential to develop and implement an evidence-based weight management program for pregnant women. OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of a midwife-led weight management program on improving appropriate gestational weight gain, health literacy, experience of antenatal care, and maternal and neonatal outcomes among Chinese pregnant women. DESIGN A two-group randomized controlled trial. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 426 pregnant women were recruited from a tertiary women's hospital in eastern China. METHODS Participants were randomly allocated to either intervention group (n = 213) or control group (n = 213). Women in the intervention group participated in a midwife-led weight management program during pregnancy, while women in the control group received the conventional obstetrician-led antenatal care. We assessed women at the first antenatal contact, 35-36 weeks gestation and 2-3 days postpartum. Data on gestational weight gain, health literacy, experience of antenatal care, and maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared between the two groups. Dummy variable analysis was conducted to reveal the effect of weight management program on gestational weight gain. RESULTS The overall gestational weight gain between the two groups was not statistically different (t = -1.377, P = 0.170). Compared with women in the control group, the odds of having inappropriate gestational weight gain was lower in the intervention group (OR = 0.270, 95%CI 0.169, 0.431). Further subgroup analyses showed that women in the intervention group had lower risk of inadequate gestational weight gain (OR = 0.305, 95%CI 0.180, 0.515) and excessive gestational weight gain (OR = 0.236, 95%CI 0.138, 0.404) than those in the control group. The score of experience of antenatal care was significantly higher in the midwife-led weight management group than that in the control group (193.70 ± 18.51 versus 165.70 ± 28.23, P < 0.001). Women's health literacy score was higher in the intervention group than control group [74.41 (69.57, 81.77) versus 71.88 (66.23, 77.18), P = 0.004]. CONCLUSION Compared with the conventional antenatal care, the midwife-led weight management program could facilitate appropriate gestational weight gain, enhance health literacy, and promote positive experience of antenatal care for Chinese pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Wang
- Department of Nursing, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhu
- Department of Nursing, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Department of Nursing, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai,China
| | - Liping Sun
- Department of Nursing, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenli Zhu
- Department of Nursing, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai,China
| | - Chunyi Gu
- Department of Nursing, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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De Robertis V, Calì G, Corbella P, Formigoni C, Iuculano A, Nonino F, Pasquini L, Prefumo F, Sciarrone A, Stampalija T, Taddei F, Volpe N, Volpe P, Frusca T. Referral scan for congenital anomalies: time to agree on indications. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2022; 60:597-603. [PMID: 35633512 DOI: 10.1002/uog.24950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuseppe Calì
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Corbella
- Maternal Infant Department SC, Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Ambra Iuculano
- Pathophysiology of Human Reproduction and Prenatal Diagnosis, Microcythemia Hospital Unit "A. CaO", Arnas Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco Nonino
- Operative Unit of Epidemiology and Statistics, IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Pasquini
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department for Women and Children Health, Careggi University and Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Federico Prefumo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Sciarrone
- Obstetrics and Gynecological Ultrasound and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Citta' della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Tamara Stampalija
- Unit of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Taddei
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, Rovereto and Trento Hospitals, ASST, Trento, Italy
| | - Nicola Volpe
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Surgical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Paolo Volpe
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Di Venere and Sarcone Hospitals, ASL BA, Bari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Frusca
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Surgical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Bujold L, Audibert F, Chaillet N. Optimal Gestational Weight Gain for Women With Obesity. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2022; 44:1143-1152. [PMID: 35952925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the optimal gestational weight gain interval for women with obesity in order to minimize neonatal and maternal adverse events. METHODS Secondary analysis of the QUARISMA trial, including women with obesity who delivered a full-term singleton in cephalic presentation from 2008 to 2011 in Québec. The primary outcome was a composite risk of major neonatal morbidity. Secondary outcomes were composite risks of major maternal morbidity, minor neonatal and maternal morbidity, and cesarean delivery. Various ranges of weight gain were compared with the current recommendations (reference group) using logistic regression to identify an optimal gestational weight gain interval. In a secondary analysis, women with obesity were stratified by obesity class (I-III). RESULTS Among 16 808 eligible women with obesity, 3270 gained less weight than recommended, 4355 gained weight as recommended (5-9.09 kg), and 9183 gained more weight than recommended. Optimal gestational weight change for all women with obesity was -1 to +4 kg and was associated with reduced risk of major neonatal morbidity (aOR 0.49; 95%CI 0.33-0.73, P < 0.001) compared with the reference group. Analysis by class of obesity showed a reduced risk of major neonatal morbidity with a weight change of -1 to +4 kg for class I, -2 to +2 for class II), and -2 to +3 kg for class III. CONCLUSION Compared with the current guidelines, a gestational weight change of -1 to +4 kg is associated with reduced risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. While similar findings were seen among women with class I obesity, women with class II or III obesity could benefit from a lower weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Bujold
- Research Center of CHU de Québec, Laval University, Québec City, QC
| | - François Audibert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC
| | - Nils Chaillet
- Research Center of CHU de Québec, Laval University, Québec City, QC; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, QC.
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21
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Quality Appraisal of Nutritional Guidelines to Prevent, Diagnose, and Treat Malnutrition in All Its Forms during Pregnancy. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214579. [PMID: 36364841 PMCID: PMC9659219 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to identify clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) that include recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of women’s malnutrition during pregnancy and to evaluate the quality of these guidelines using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) instrument. We conducted a literature review using PubMed and different websites from January 2009 to February 2021. The quality of the CPGs was independently assessed by reviewers using the AGREE II instrument, which defines guidelines scoring >70% in the overall assessment as “high quality”. The analysis included 43 guidelines. Among the main findings, we identified that only half of the CPGs (51.1%) obtained a final “high quality” evaluation. AGREE II results varied widely across domains and categories. The two domains that obtained the highest scores were scope and purpose with 88.3% (range 39 to 100%) and clarity of presentation with 87.2% (range 25 to 100%). Among the “high quality” CPGs, the best scores were achieved by the three guidelines published by the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Due to the importance of maternal nutrition in pregnancy, it is essential to join forces to improve the quality of the guidelines, especially in CPGs that do not meet the reference standards for quality.
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22
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Nguyen G, Hayes L, Ngongalah L, Bigirumurame T, Gaudet L, Odeniyi A, Flynn A, Crowe L, Skidmore B, Simon A, Smith V, Heslehurst N. Association between maternal adiposity measures and infant health outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13491. [PMID: 35801513 PMCID: PMC9539955 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Maternal obesity increases risks of adverse fetal and infant outcomes. Guidelines use body mass index to diagnose maternal obesity. Evidence suggests body fat distribution might better predict individual risk, but there is a lack of robust evidence during pregnancy. We explored associations between maternal adiposity and infant health. Searches included six databases, references, citations, and contacting authors. Screening and quality assessment were carried out by two authors independently. Random effects meta-analysis and narrative synthesis were conducted. We included 34 studies (n = 40,143 pregnancies). Meta-analysis showed a significant association between maternal fat-free mass and birthweight (average effect [AE] 18.07 g, 95%CI 12.75, 23.38) but not fat mass (AE 8.76 g, 95%CI -4.84, 22.36). Women with macrosomic infants had higher waist circumference than controls (mean difference 4.93 cm, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05, 8.82). There was no significant association between subcutaneous fat and large for gestational age (odds ratio 1.06 95% CI 0.91, 1.25). Waist-to-hip ratio, neck circumference, skinfolds, and visceral fat were significantly associated with several infant outcomes including small for gestational age, preterm delivery, neonatal morbidity, and mortality, although meta-analysis was not possible for these variables. Our findings suggest that some measures of maternal adiposity may be useful for risk prediction of infant outcomes. Individual participant data meta-analysis could overcome some limitations in our ability to pool published data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giang Nguyen
- Population Health Sciences InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Louise Hayes
- Population Health Sciences InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Lem Ngongalah
- Population Health Sciences InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | | | - Laura Gaudet
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - Adefisayo Odeniyi
- Population Health Sciences InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Angela Flynn
- Department of Nutritional SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Lisa Crowe
- Population Health Sciences InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | | | - Alexandre Simon
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Vikki Smith
- Nursing, Midwifery & HealthNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Nicola Heslehurst
- Population Health Sciences InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
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23
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Heslehurst N, Ngongalah L, Bigirumurame T, Nguyen G, Odeniyi A, Flynn A, Smith V, Crowe L, Skidmore B, Gaudet L, Simon A, Hayes L. Association between maternal adiposity measures and adverse maternal outcomes of pregnancy: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13449. [PMID: 35467075 PMCID: PMC9285432 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Maternal obesity increases pregnancy-related risks. Women with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 are considered to be at risk and should receive additional care, although approximately half will have uncomplicated pregnancies. This systematic review aimed to identify early pregnancy measures of adiposity associated with adverse maternal health outcomes. Searches included six databases, reference lists, citations, and contacting authors. Screening and quality assessment were carried out by two authors independently. Random effects meta-analysis and narrative synthesis were conducted. Seventy studies were included with a pooled sample of 89,588 women. Meta-analysis showed significantly increased odds of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with higher waist circumference (WC) categories (1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04, 1.88) and per unit increase in WC (1.31, 95% CI 1.03, 1.67). Women with GDM had higher WC than controls (mean difference [MD] 6.18 cm, 95% CI 3.92, 8.44). WC was significantly associated with hypertensive disorders, delivery-related outcomes, metabolic syndrome, and composite pregnancy outcomes. Waist to hip ratio was significantly associated with GDM, hypertensive disorders, and delivery-related outcomes. Fat mass, neck circumference, skinfolds, and visceral fat were significantly associated with adverse outcomes, although limited data were available. Our findings identify the need to explore how useful adiposity measures are at predicting risk in pregnancy, compared with BMI, to direct care to women with the greatest need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Heslehurst
- Population Health Sciences InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Lem Ngongalah
- Population Health Sciences InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | | | - Giang Nguyen
- Population Health Sciences InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Adefisayo Odeniyi
- Population Health Sciences InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Angela Flynn
- Department of Nutritional SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Vikki Smith
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and HealthNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Lisa Crowe
- Population Health Sciences InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | | | - Laura Gaudet
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | | | - Louise Hayes
- Population Health Sciences InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
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24
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Jacob CM, Hanson M. The preconception period as a platform for preventing diabetes and non‐communicable diseases. PRACTICAL DIABETES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pdi.2404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandni Maria Jacob
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton Southampton UK
| | - Mark Hanson
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton Southampton UK
- Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University Hospital Southampton UK
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25
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Cross-lagged models of health-related quality of life and breastfeeding across different body mass index groups: A three-wave prospective longitudinal study. Midwifery 2022; 112:103413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2022.103413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Magee LA, Smith GN, Bloch C, Côté AM, Jain V, Nerenberg K, von Dadelszen P, Helewa M, Rey E. Directive clinique n o 426 : Troubles hypertensifs de la grossesse : Diagnostic, prédiction, prévention et prise en charge. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2022; 44:572-597.e1. [PMID: 35577427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIF La présente directive a été élaborée par des fournisseurs de soins de maternité en obstétrique et en médecine interne. Elle aborde le diagnostic, l'évaluation et la prise en charge des troubles hypertensifs de la grossesse, la prédiction et la prévention de la prééclampsie ainsi que les soins post-partum des femmes avec antécédent de trouble hypertensif de la grossesse. POPULATION CIBLE Femmes enceintes. BéNéFICES, RISQUES ET COûTS: La mise en œuvre des recommandations de la présente directive devrait réduire l'incidence des troubles hypertensifs de la grossesse, en particulier la prééclampsie, et des issues défavorables associées. DONNéES PROBANTES: La revue exhaustive de la littérature a été mise à jour en tenant compte des nouvelles données probantes jusqu'en décembre 2020 et en suivant la même méthodologie que pour la précédente directive de la Société des obstétriciens et gynécologues du Canada (SOGC) sur les troubles hypertensifs de la grossesse. La recherche s'est limitée aux articles publiés en anglais ou en français. Les recommandations relatives aux traitements s'appuient d'abord sur les essais cliniques randomisés et les revues systématiques (lorsque disponibles), ainsi que sur l'évaluation des résultats cliniques substantiels chez les mères et les bébés. MéTHODES DE VALIDATION: Les auteurs se sont entendus sur le contenu et les recommandations par consensus et ont répondu à l'examen par les pairs du comité de médecine fœto-maternelle de la SOGC. Les auteurs ont évalué la qualité des données probantes et la force des recommandations en utilisant le cadre méthodologique d'évaluation, de développement et d'évaluation (GRADE) et se sont gardé l'option de désigner certaines recommandations par la mention « bonne pratique ». Voir l'annexe A en ligne (tableau A1 pour les définitions et tableau A2 pour l'interprétation des recommandations fortes et conditionnelles [faibles]). Le conseil d'administration de la SOGC a approuvé la version définitive aux fins de publication. PROFESSIONNELS CIBLES Tous les fournisseurs de soins de santé (obstétriciens, médecins de famille, sages-femmes, infirmières et anesthésistes) qui prodiguent des soins aux femmes avant, pendant ou après la grossesse. RECOMMANDATIONS
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27
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Magee LA, Smith GN, Bloch C, Côté AM, Jain V, Nerenberg K, von Dadelszen P, Helewa M, Rey E. Guideline No. 426: Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Diagnosis, Prediction, Prevention, and Management. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2022; 44:547-571.e1. [PMID: 35577426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This guideline was developed by maternity care providers from obstetrics and internal medicine. It reviews the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs), the prediction and prevention of preeclampsia, and the postpartum care of women with a previous HDP. TARGET POPULATION Pregnant women. BENEFITS, HARMS, AND COSTS Implementation of the recommendations in these guidelines may reduce the incidence of the HDPs, particularly preeclampsia, and associated adverse outcomes. EVIDENCE A comprehensive literature review was updated to December 2020, following the same methods as for previous Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC) HDP guidelines, and references were restricted to English or French. To support recommendations for therapies, we prioritized randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews (if available), and evaluated substantive clinical outcomes for mothers and babies. VALIDATION METHODS The authors agreed on the content and recommendations through consensus and responded to peer review by the SOGC Maternal Fetal Medicine Committee. The authors rated the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, along with the option of designating a recommendation as a "good practice point." See online Appendix A (Tables A1 for definitions and A2 for interpretations of strong and conditional [weak] recommendations).The Board of the SOGC approved the final draft for publication. INTENDED USERS All health care providers (obstetricians, family doctors, midwives, nurses, and anesthesiologists) who provide care to women before, during, or after pregnancy. RECOMMENDATIONS
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28
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Lumsden RH, Pagidipati N. Management of cardiovascular risk factors during pregnancy. Heart 2022; 108:1438-1444. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2021-319606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) risk factors are rising among women of reproductive age. Obesity, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, and hypertension are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and increased CV disease (CVD) risk following pregnancy. Pre-conception counselling and longitudinal postpartum follow-up with ongoing CV risk factor screening are critical for early CVD prevention, though significant racial/ethnic disparities in access to care result in significant gaps. This review summarises the recommended management of CV risk factors during and after pregnancy. For obesity, prevention of excessive weight gain is critical. Except in rare cases, lipid-lowering therapies for women with hyperlipidaemia should be stopped before pregnancy. Women with diabetes in pregnancy should maintain tight glucose control, with hemolgobin A1c (HbA1c) <6.5% to prevent congenital abnormalities. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with high maternal and neonatal morbidity and require long-term follow-up to prevent future CVD. Finally, this review highlights the lack of clinical trials informing optimal treatment strategies of CV risk factors during and after pregnancy. Further research is needed to better understand how to improve long-term CV health among this high-risk population.
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29
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Nagpal TS, Souza SCS, Moffat M, Hayes L, Nuyts T, Liu RH, Bogaerts A, Dervis S, Piccinini-Vallis H, Adamo KB, Heslehurst N. Does prepregnancy weight change have an effect on subsequent pregnancy health outcomes? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13324. [PMID: 34694053 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
International guidelines recommend women with an overweight or obese body mass index (BMI) aim to reduce their body weight prior to conception to minimize the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. Recent systematic reviews have demonstrated that interpregnancy weight gain increases women's risk of developing adverse pregnancy outcomes in their subsequent pregnancy. Interpregnancy weight change studies exclude nulliparous women. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following MOOSE guidelines and summarizes the evidence of the impact of preconception and interpregnancy weight change on perinatal outcomes for women regardless of parity. Sixty one studies met the inclusion criteria for this review and reported 34 different outcomes. We identified a significantly increased risk of gestational diabetes (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.66, 2.14, I2 = 87.8%), hypertensive disorders (OR 1.46 95% CI 1.12, 1.91, I2 = 94.9%), preeclampsia (OR 1.92 95% CI 1.55, 2.37, I2 = 93.6%), and large-for-gestational-age (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.25, 1.49, I2 = 92.2%) with preconception and interpregnancy weight gain. Interpregnancy weight loss only was significantly associated with increased risk for small-for-gestational-age (OR 1.29 95% CI 1.11, 1.50, I2 = 89.9%) and preterm birth (OR 1.06 95% CI 1.00, 1.13, I2 = 22.4%). Our findings illustrate the need for effective preconception and interpregnancy weight management support to improve pregnancy outcomes in subsequent pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taniya S Nagpal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sara C S Souza
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Malcolm Moffat
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Louise Hayes
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Tinne Nuyts
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Research Unit Woman and Child, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rebecca H Liu
- Institute for Health System Solutions & Virtual Care, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Annick Bogaerts
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Research Unit Woman and Child, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Research and Innovation in Care (CRIC), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Sheila Dervis
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Helena Piccinini-Vallis
- Faculty of Medicine, Departments of Family Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Kristi B Adamo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Nicola Heslehurst
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
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Murray-Davis B, Darling EK, Berger H, Melamed N, Li J, Guarna G, Syed M, Barrett J, Geary M, Mawjee K, McDonald SD. Midwives perceptions of managing pregnancies complicated by obesity: A mixed methods study. Midwifery 2021; 105:103225. [PMID: 34915446 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2021.103225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The growing prevalence of obesity is a concern for midwives. In Canada, the absence of regulatory standards, varying protocols and consultant preferences shape clinical decision making for the midwife and may lead to inconsistent practice. Our aim was to understand the barriers, enablers, and knowledge gaps that influenced experiences of midwives in Ontario, Canada when providing care to clients impacted by obesity. METHODS Mixed methods design using a sequential, explanatory approach. Surveys conducted with midwives were administered using an online platform, followed by semi-structured interviews to understand the perspectives elicited in the survey in greater detail. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and thematic analysis was used for generating codes, categories and themes from the interview data. RESULTS 144 midwives completed the survey and 20 participated in an interview. The participants described their clinical management when caring for those with obesity which included considerations regarding additional tests/investigations, consultation and transfer of care, and place of birth. Up to 93% of surveyed midwives believed that clients with obesity were appropriate for midwifery-led care however there was less certainty about suitability as BMI increased to higher ranges such as > 45). The care management was influenced by beliefs and attitudes, knowledge, and system-level factors. Midwives experienced barriers such as inconsistent practices and role confusion, and felt ill equipped to care for pregnancies affected by obesity due to unclear guidelines. CONCLUSIONS Overall, midwives believe clients with obesity are suitable for midwifery-led care due to its individualized, non-judgmental approach to care. Additional training for midwives and other obstetric care providers would be beneficial to help overcome barriers in providing effective care to pregnancies affected by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Murray-Davis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster Midwifery Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Elizabeth K Darling
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster Midwifery Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Howard Berger
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Nir Melamed
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Jenifer Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster Midwifery Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Giuliana Guarna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster Midwifery Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Maisah Syed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster Midwifery Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Jon Barrett
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Michael Geary
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Karizma Mawjee
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Sarah D McDonald
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Radiology & Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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31
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Nagpal TS, Liu RH, Myre M, Gaudet L, Cook J, da Silva DF, Adamo KB. Weight stigma and prenatal physical activity: Exploring the perspectives of pregnant women living with obesity. Midwifery 2021; 104:103186. [PMID: 34788725 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2021.103186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify sources of weight stigma in physical activity (PA)-related milieus reported by pregnant women living with obesity. We also report person-informed strategies to improve the delivery of PA promotions and prescriptions to prevent weight stigma and improve maternal PA. DESIGN This is a qualitative descriptive study and semi-structured interviews were conducted. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Purposive sampling including pregnant women living with obesity, with a body mass index ≥35.0 kg/m2, ≥18 years of age, and receiving specialized prenatal care were recruited from an obstetrics clinic in Kingston, Canada. MEASUREMENT AND FINDINGS Data were assessed by a content analysis, whereby coded themes represented sources of weight stigma related to prenatal PA. Demographic characteristics (pre-pregnancy body mass index, age, gestational age) were summarized and presented as means and standard deviations. In-depth interview data were collected from eight women. Average pre-pregnancy BMI, age, and gestational age were 44.6±4.8 kg/m2, 32.0±4.1 years, 31.1±5.8 weeks, respectively. Two sources of weight stigma related to prenatal PA were identified: 1. Lack of visual representation - online images and images found in exercise promotional material do not include women who have obesity; 2. Lack of individualized recommendations - currently available prenatal PA guidelines and/or recommendations from healthcare providers do not always consider individual physical barriers or health goals women may have. KEY CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE By increasing body positive representation of pregnant women exercising and offering person-centered prenatal PA recommendations, maternal PA may improve including women living with obesity. Findings from this work can inform future PA interventions, health promotion programming, and prescriptions from prenatal care providers to implement person-oriented strategies to prevent weight stigma and improve the delivery of care for pregnant women living with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taniya S Nagpal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada; Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada, Ottawa K1B 1A7, Canada.
| | - Rebecca H Liu
- Women's College Hospital, Institute for Health System Solutions & Virtual Care, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1N8, Canada.
| | - Maxine Myre
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada.
| | - Laura Gaudet
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Jocelynn Cook
- Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada, Ottawa K1B 1A7, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Danilo F da Silva
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Kristi B Adamo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada.
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32
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Harrison CL, Teede H, Khan N, Lim S, Chauhan A, Drakeley S, Moran L, Boyle J. Weight management across preconception, pregnancy, and postpartum: A systematic review and quality appraisal of international clinical practice guidelines. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13310. [PMID: 34312965 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review and quality appraisal evaluated clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for weight management and weight-related behaviors across preconception, pregnancy, and postpartum. CPGs published in English were identified from research and guideline-specific databases between 2010 and 2019. Recommendations were categorized into weight (body mass index screening, weight loss, weight gain prevention, and gestational weight gain), diet, food safety, physical activity, and behavioral strategies. Three independent appraisers assessed CPG quality using the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation II instrument. Twenty-two CPGs were included across preconception (n = 2), pregnancy (n = 8), postpartum (n = 2), or a combination (n = 10). Overall, 45% of CPGs were appraised as poor quality, 32% as moderate, and 23% as high. Evaluation of body mass index and supplementation recommendations were most common across CPGs, alongside secondary weight management recommendations for women with obesity in fewer CPGs. Accompanying recommendations for diet, physical activity, and behavior were highly variable between guidelines. We report significant ambiguity in existing guidance and an absence of important considerations, including targeting weight gain prevention and limiting excess gestational weight gain. Results emphasize the need for development of robust, comprehensive, and high quality guidelines on healthy lifestyle and weight management across these formative reproductive life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryce L Harrison
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Diabetes and Vascular Medicine Unit, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helena Teede
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Diabetes and Vascular Medicine Unit, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nadia Khan
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Siew Lim
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ayushi Chauhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sheila Drakeley
- School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lisa Moran
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Boyle
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Piccinini-Vallis H, Brown JB, Ryan BL, McDonald SD, Stewart M. Women's Views on Advice About Weight Gain in Pregnancy: A Grounded Theory Study. Matern Child Health J 2021; 25:1717-1724. [PMID: 34406558 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-021-03222-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pregnant women prioritize the health of their pregnancy, and weight gain contributes to the pregnancy's health. Women encounter different messages about gestational weight gain from various sources that can be confusing. This study aimed to increase our understanding of the processes influencing how women experience the gestational weight gain advice they receive. METHODS Grounded theory methodology was chosen. Women receiving prenatal care in a primary care setting were invited to participate in one-on-one interviews. RESULTS All fifteen participants had high educational attainment, fourteen were Caucasian, and five had an elevated pre-pregnancy body mass index. Six interconnected themes emerged from the data: (1) striving to have a healthy pregnancy; (2) experiencing influences; (3) feeling worried; (4) Managing ambiguity; (5) trusting a source of information; and (6) feeling relief. CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE Physicians are perceived by pregnant women to be a source of trusted information about gestational weight gain and are therefore in a strategic position to help women achieve healthy weight gain during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Piccinini-Vallis
- Department of Family Medicine, Dalhousie University, 6960 Mumford Road, Halifax, NS, B3L 4P1, Canada.
| | - Judith Belle Brown
- Department of Family Medicine, Western Centre for Public Health and Family Medicine, Western University, 1465 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6G 2M1, Canada
| | - Bridget L Ryan
- Department of Family Medicine, Western Centre for Public Health and Family Medicine, Western University, 1465 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6G 2M1, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western Centre for Public Health and Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1465 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6G 2M1, Canada
| | - Sarah D McDonald
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Moira Stewart
- Department of Family Medicine, Western Centre for Public Health and Family Medicine, Western University, 1465 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6G 2M1, Canada
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Nagpal TS, Souza SCS, da Silva DF, Ferraro ZM, Sharma AM, Adamo KB. Widespread misconceptions about pregnancy for women living with obesity. CANADIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN MEDECIN DE FAMILLE CANADIEN 2021; 67:85-87. [PMID: 33608355 DOI: 10.46747/cfp.670285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taniya S Nagpal
- Postdoctoral fellow at the University of Ottawa in Ontario and at the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada.
| | | | | | - Zachary M Ferraro
- Obstetrics and gynecology resident at the University of Toronto in Ontario
| | - Arya M Sharma
- Scientific Director of Obesity Canada and Professor at the University of Alberta in Edmonton
| | - Kristi B Adamo
- Director of the Adamo Lab Prevention in the Early Years Research Program and Associate Professor at the University of Ottawa
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Huang B, Yo JH, Gandhi S, Maxwell C. Micronutrient screening, monitoring, and supplementation in pregnancy after bariatric surgery. Obstet Med 2021; 15:151-159. [PMID: 36262823 PMCID: PMC9574444 DOI: 10.1177/1753495x211013624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the case of a woman with a history of biliopancreatic diversion and
duodenal switch procedure who developed severe malnourishment requiring total
parenteral nutrition during three pregnancies. The widespread use of bariatric
surgery, particularly among those of reproductive age, has led to an increase in
the number of women who become pregnant following bariatric surgery. There is a
paucity of evidence to guide nutritional recommendations for women during
pregnancy post bariatric surgery. We review this literature and summarize key
published evidence and provide comprehensive recommendations concerning the
common challenges in the management of nutrition status during pregnancy. The
focus is on the impact of malabsorptive bariatric surgeries on pregnancy
outcomes, nutrient deficiencies, recommendations for micro- and macronutrient
monitoring and supplementation, and altered glucose metabolism and implications
for diabetes screening. Optimizing pregnancy outcomes for individuals following
bariatric surgery requires multidisciplinary team management including
obstetrical providers, obstetric medicine specialists, and dietitians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie Huang
- St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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36
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Nagpal TS, da Silva DF, Liu RH, Myre M, Gaudet L, Cook J, Adamo KB. Women's Suggestions for How To Reduce Weight Stigma in Prenatal Clinical Settings. Nurs Womens Health 2021; 25:112-121. [PMID: 33675687 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the experiences of weight stigma in prenatal clinical settings among high-risk pregnant women living with obesity and to obtain women's perspectives regarding changes to prenatal health care practices that may reduce weight stigma. DESIGN Qualitative descriptive study. SETTING/LOCAL PROBLEM High-risk obstetrics clinic. Weight stigma experienced in prenatal clinical settings can negatively influence maternal health and well-being as well as communication with health care providers. PARTICIPANTS Nine pregnant women with obesity who were receiving specialized prenatal care in their third trimester. INTERVENTION/MEASUREMENTS Women participated in semistructured telephone interviews. Data were inductively analyzed using a content analysis, whereby coded data were organized to represent experiences of or suggestions provided by pregnant women to reduce weight stigma in prenatal clinical settings. RESULTS Experiences of weight stigma included poor communication, generalizations made about health and lifestyle behaviors, and focusing only on excess body weight during clinical appointments as the cause of negative health outcomes. To reduce weight stigma, women suggested that health care providers practice sensitive communication, offer individualized care for weight management, and reduce the focus on body weight by also independently addressing comorbidities or other health indicators. CONCLUSION Women interviewed for this study provided suggestions that can be implemented in prenatal clinical settings to reduce weight stigma and improve the delivery of equitable health care.
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Pfaller B, Siu SC, D'Souza R, Wichert-Schmitt B, Kumar Nair GK, Haberer K, Maxwell C, Silversides CK. Impact of Obesity on Outcomes of Pregnancy in Women With Heart Disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 77:1317-1326. [PMID: 33706874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women with heart disease are at risk for complications during pregnancy. This study sought to examine the effect of maternal obesity on pregnancy complications in women with heart disease. OBJECTIVES The objective was to determine the incidence of adverse cardiac events (CE) in pregnant women with heart disease and obesity. METHODS Adverse CE during pregnancy were examined in a prospective cohort of women with heart disease. CE were a composite of the following: cardiac death/arrest, arrhythmias, heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, aortic dissection, and thromboembolic events. Pre-eclampsia and post-partum hemorrhage were also studied. Outcomes were examined according to body mass index (BMI). To identify additional predictors of CE, a baseline risk score (CARPREG [Canadian Cardiac Disease in Pregnancy Study] II score) for predicting cardiac complications was calculated for all pregnancies and included in a multivariable logistic regression model. RESULTS Of 790 pregnancies, 19% occurred in women with BMI ≥30 kg/m2 (obesity), 25% in women with BMI 25 to 29.9 kg/m2 (overweight), 53% in women with BMI 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2 (normal weight), and 3% in women with BMI <18.5 kg/m2 (underweight). Women with obesity were at higher risk of CE when compared with women with normal weight (23% vs. 14%; p = 0.006). In a multivariable model, obesity (odds ratio: 1.7; 95% confidence interval: 1.0 to 2.7) and higher CARPREG II risk scores (odds ratio: 1.7; 95% confidence interval: 1.5 to 1.9) predicted CE. Pre-eclampsia was more frequent in women with obesity compared with those with normal weight (8% vs. 2%; p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Obesity increases the risk of maternal cardiovascular complications in pregnant women with heart disease. This modifiable risk factor should be addressed at the time of preconception counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Pfaller
- Division of Cardiology, University of Toronto, Pregnancy and Heart Disease Program, Mount Sinai and Toronto General Hospitals, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital of St. Pölten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Karl Landsteiner Institute for Nephrology, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Samuel C Siu
- Division of Cardiology, University of Toronto, Pregnancy and Heart Disease Program, Mount Sinai and Toronto General Hospitals, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Cardiology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rohan D'Souza
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Barbara Wichert-Schmitt
- Division of Cardiology, University of Toronto, Pregnancy and Heart Disease Program, Mount Sinai and Toronto General Hospitals, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiology and Medical Intensive Care, Kepler University Hospital, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Govind Krishna Kumar Nair
- Division of Cardiology, University of Toronto, Pregnancy and Heart Disease Program, Mount Sinai and Toronto General Hospitals, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kim Haberer
- Division of Cardiology, University of Toronto, Pregnancy and Heart Disease Program, Mount Sinai and Toronto General Hospitals, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cynthia Maxwell
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Candice K Silversides
- Division of Cardiology, University of Toronto, Pregnancy and Heart Disease Program, Mount Sinai and Toronto General Hospitals, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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McAuliffe FM, Killeen SL, Jacob CM, Hanson MA, Hadar E, McIntyre HD, Kapur A, Kihara AB, Ma RC, Divakar H, Hod M. Management of prepregnancy, pregnancy, and postpartum obesity from the FIGO Pregnancy and Non-Communicable Diseases Committee: A FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) guideline. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2020; 151 Suppl 1:16-36. [PMID: 32894590 PMCID: PMC7590083 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.13334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fionnuala M McAuliffe
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sarah Louise Killeen
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Chandni Maria Jacob
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Mark A Hanson
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Eran Hadar
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Petach-Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - H David McIntyre
- Mater Research, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Anil Kapur
- World Diabetes Foundation, Bagsvaerd, Denmark
| | - Anne B Kihara
- African Federation of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Khartoum, Sudan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ronald C Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Moshe Hod
- Mor Comprehensive Women's Health Care Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,FIGO Pregnancy and Non-Communicable Diseases Committee, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, London, UK
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39
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Maxwell C, Sharma A. Un langage respectueux des patientes : Préjugés, stigmatisation et discrimination liés au poids en santé reproductive des femmes. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2019; 41:1535-1537. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2019.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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40
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Maxwell C, Sharma A. Thinking About People-First Language: Weight Bias, Stigma, and Discrimination, and Women's Reproductive Health. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2019; 41:1533-1534. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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