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Irannezhad E, Fooladvand M, Soltanizadeh M. Comparison of body image and peer relations among girls with normal, early, and late menarche. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2024; 13:115. [PMID: 38726089 PMCID: PMC11081460 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1681_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The onset of menstruation is a turning point in women's sexual maturity that, unlike other stages of growth, occurs abruptly and is a critical stage in girls' lives. The present study investigated body image and peer relations among girls with early, late, and normal menarche. MATERIALS AND METHODS This casual-comparative descriptive study included female students aged 9-17 in Isfahan. The participants were selected using multistage cluster random sampling. Out of 5,984 students, 56, 37, and 43 were selected for the normal, early, and late menarche groups. The Body Image Concern Inventory and Index of Peer Relations were the two tools used in this study. Moreover, the data were analyzed using a covariance statistical test. RESULTS Girls with early menarche had better peer relations than those with late menarche (P = 0.01). In addition, there was a significant difference between adolescents with normal and late menarche in terms of body image (P = 0.01). Girls who experienced late menarche were more concerned about their body image and appearance; however, girls with early menarche experienced more impaired performance (P = 0.05). CONCLUSION The first menstrual cycle, or menarche, affects psychological variables such as body image and peer relations. The later the menarche, the fewer problems in regard to body image and peer relations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Irannezhad
- Department of Psychology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Fooladvand
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
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Siddique AB, Deb Nath S, Mubarak M, Akter A, Mehrin S, Hkatun MJ, Parvine Liza A, Amin MZ. Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene among early-reproductive aged women in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional survey. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1238290. [PMID: 38089036 PMCID: PMC10713719 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1238290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Poor menstrual hygiene practices during menstruation increases the risk of reproductive tract infections, absenteeism, and negative impact on school performance. Despite being a global problem, there is a lack of knowledge and misconceptions about menstrual hygiene among women of all ages, especially in developing countries like Bangladesh. The study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward menstrual hygiene among early reproductive-aged women in Bangladesh to help policymakers and planners take effective initiatives. Methodology A cross-sectional survey was conducted between July and December 2022 in Dhaka, Rajshahi, Chittagong, Sylhet, and Barisal regions of Bangladesh. A convenience sampling technique was utilized to recruit a total of 1,214 participants (100% female; mean age: 22.87 ± 2.64 years). A semi-structured questionnaire including informed consent, socio-demographic information, as well as questions regarding knowledge (6-item), attitudes (7-item), and practices (6-item) toward menstruation and menstrual hygiene practices, was used to conduct the survey. All analyses were performed using the STATA (Version 15.0) and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 25.0). Result The mean scores of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices were 4.9 ± 1.51 (out of 6), 12.58 ± 1.58 (out of 14), and 8.80 ± 1.87 (out of 12), respectively. The higher scores of knowledge, attitudes, and practices were significantly associated with several socio-demographic and menstruation-related factors (education, family type, type of menstruation, duration of menstruation, etc.). Conclusion This study identified several key factors associated with improved knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to menstrual hygiene, including higher education levels, student status, younger age, non-alcohol consumption, and regular menstrual cycles. To enhance menstrual hygiene practices among women, it is crucial to implement targeted interventions that address knowledge disparities and tackle social and environmental influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Bakkar Siddique
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- International Centre for Research, Innovation, Training and Development (ICRITD), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sudipto Deb Nath
- Army Medical College Jashore, Jashore, Bangladesh
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Mahfuza Mubarak
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Amena Akter
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Sanjida Mehrin
- Department of Political Studies, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Jemi Hkatun
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - M. Ziaul Amin
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
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de Oliveira VC, Pena ÉD, de Andrade GN, Felisbino-Mendes MS. Menstrual hygiene access and practices in Latin America: scoping review. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2023; 31:e4028. [PMID: 37878965 PMCID: PMC10594935 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.6736.4028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to synthesize available evidence related to menstrual hygiene access and practices in Latin America and the Caribbean. METHOD literature scoping review with research protocol registered in the Open Science Framework, carried out in the bibliographic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Portal Regional da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. RESULTS 15 publications were included, the majority of which addressed adolescents in Brazil: 12 articles, two technical reports and a course conclusion monograph. As recurring themes in the publications, the following stand out: Access to dignified conditions for managing menstrual hygiene; Need for access to information on menstrual hygiene management; and Practices for managing menstrual hygiene. CONCLUSION adolescents report difficulties in accessing toilets, water and absorbent materials, and lack of information about menstrual health, including in schools, leading to school absenteeism. Thus, gaps in the Latin American scientific literature reveal inequalities and diversity in menstrual experiences intersected by categories such as gender, social class and ethnicity. HIGHLIGHTS (1) Lack of access to hygiene products, toilets and water for personal hygiene. (2) Invisibility of the problem of period poverty in Latin America. (3) Lack of physical structure in schools aggravates and leads to school absenteeism. (4) Menstrual health literacy was insufficient for the demands of adolescents. (5) Primary studies on menstrual hygiene in Latin America are scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Érica Dumont Pena
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Enfermagem, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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Evans RL, Harris B, Onuegbu C, Griffiths F. Systematic review of educational interventions to improve the menstrual health of young adolescent girls. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e057204. [PMID: 35676001 PMCID: PMC9185475 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To systematically review interventions that include an element of menstrual education delivered to young adolescent girls. DESIGN This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. Selected articles were quality assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool quality appraisal checklist. A meta-analysis was conducted on a subset of articles, and the effect size of the intervention was calculated using Cohen's d. A logic model was constructed to frame the effect of menstrual education interventions on menstrual health. SETTING Papers reporting on interventions in high-income and low-income and middle-income countries were sought. INFORMATION SOURCES Seven electronic databases were searched for English-language entries that were published between January 2014 and May 2020. PARTICIPANTS The interventions were aimed at younger adolescent girls aged 10-14 years old. INTERVENTIONS The interventions were designed to improve the menstrual health of the recipients, by addressing one or more elements of menstrual knowledge, attitude or practices (KAP). ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Interventions that had not been evaluated were excluded. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES The most common type of output was a difference in knowledge or skill score ascertained from a pre and post test. Some studies measured additional outcomes, such as attitude or confidence. RESULTS Twenty-four eligible studies were identified. The number of participants varied from 1 to 2564. All studies reported improvements in menstrual KAP. The meta-analysis indicates that larger effect sizes were attained by those that encouraged discussion than those that distributed pamphlets. CONCLUSIONS Education interventions are effective in increasing the menstrual knowledge of young adolescent girls and skills training improves competency to manage menstruation more hygienically and comfortably. Interactive interventions are more motivating than didactic or written. Sharing concerns gives girls confidence and helps them to gain agency on the path to menstrual health. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER For this review, a protocol was not prepared or registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Lane Evans
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Bronwyn Harris
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Chinwe Onuegbu
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Frances Griffiths
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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5
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Yao J, Ziapour A, Abbas J, Toraji R, NeJhaddadgar N. Assessing puberty-related health needs among 10–15-year-old boys: A cross-sectional study approach. Arch Pediatr 2022; 29:307-311. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2021.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bahari R, Amin Shokravi F, Anosheh M, Moridi M. Effect of a health education program on puberty knowledge among visually impaired female adolescent students. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2021; 35:74. [PMID: 34290998 PMCID: PMC8285547 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.35.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: One of the most important aspects of life is reproductive health, which receives less attention in public policy considerations because of its sociopolitical sensitivities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a designed health education program on knowledge about puberty health among visually impaired female adolescent students during 2011 and 2015.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 100 visually impaired female students aged 10 to 19 years. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling method from Narjes educational center in Tehran. The educational needs assessments survey was used to learn about important issues and problems faced by this group to design effective educational programs. The effectiveness of the designed program was assessed by comparing the students' knowledge at the baseline and at 1-month follow-up. Data were analyzed in SPSS V.21 by using parametric descriptive statistics. The significant level was set as p<0.05
Results: The results showed that the puberty knowledge of participants was increased in all educational domains after intervention compared to the baseline (p<0.05). The knowledge about the onset of puberty changes showed the highest increase (from 2.02 at baseline to 7.51 at follow-up) and the knowledge about personal hygiene had the least change after the intervention (from 6.67 to 8.23). The majority of students did not have any information resources regarding puberty health, and about one quarter of them reported their mother as the main resource of puberty information.
Conclusion: Providing educational programs during puberty has a crucial role in young girls’ knowledge increase. Providing a continuous health educational program that is tailored to the needs of this group of students using suitable strategies is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roza Bahari
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Amin Shokravi
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Monireh Anosheh
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Moridi
- Department of Public Health, Medical Sciences Faculty, Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran
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Case reports: Electroacupuncture decreases the climacteric symptoms by calcitonin gene-related peptide modulation. Explore (NY) 2020; 17:261-264. [PMID: 33069617 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the modulation of Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) associated to the efficacy of Electroacupuncture (EA) in the reduction of climacteric symptoms. METHODS Nine women between 51 and 59 years old with climacteric syndrome in menopause or perimenopause were included. Patients with hormone replacement therapy, psychiatric treatment with antidepressants, or acupuncture treatment in the last 3 months were excluded. A 4 Hz EA treatment was performed at acupoints Shenshu (BL-23), Pishu (BL-20), Guanyuan (REN-4), Taixi (KID-3), Fuliu (KID-7), Sanyinjiao (SP-6) and Neiguan (P-6) points. Women were treated two times a week for five consecutive weeks for a total treatment of 10 sessions. The menopause rating scale (MRS) was used to evaluate symptoms reduction and CGRP gene expression was measured before and after 10 EA session. RESULTS The results shown that climacteric symptoms diminish significantly after EA therapy. CGRP gene expression was down-regulated, evidencing a decrease of 5-fold after EA therapy respect to the initial condition. CONCLUSION EA treatment was associated with improvement in patients with climacteric syndrome and may be related to modulation of CGRP levels.
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Sychareun V, Chaleunvong K, Essink DR, Phommavongsa P, Durham J. Menstruation practice among school and out-of-school adolescent girls, Lao PDR. Glob Health Action 2020; 13:1785170. [PMID: 32741349 PMCID: PMC7480650 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2020.1785170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transition from childhood to adolescence is a critical transitional period for girls, and as they experience these changes, having knowledge of, and being able to practice, good menstruation hygiene management is crucial. The objective of this study was to understand in and out of school adolescents' menstrual hygiene management practice, sources of information and attitudes towards menstruation. METHODS A cross sectional, descriptive study was conducted between November 2018 and May 2019. The sampling included adolescent girls aged 11-19 years in higher secondary schools in Khammouane and Champassak provinces and out-of-school adolescent girls. Out of the total number of 433 participants enrolled in the study, only 343 girls had reached menarche and were included in the study. Factors associated with menstruation hygiene management practice were examined with bivariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Out of 343 subjects who had reached menarche, 44% reported good menstrual hygiene management practice. Over half of the participants, however, were unable to access the tools of good menstruation hygiene management practice, including having somewhere to dispose of used sanitary pads in private. Being older (16-19 years) (AOR:2.4; 95%CI 1.4 to 3.9), and having primary education (AOR 0.4; 95%CI 0.2 to 0.9) were associated with good practice as was fathers' level of education (AOR 2.1; 95%CI 1.0 to 4.1) and mother-girl discussion about menstruation (AOR 2.2; 95%CI 1.0 to 5.0). No significant differences were found between in- and out-of-school adolescents. CONCLUSIONS In this study, not all participants were able to practice optimal menstruation hygiene management. This is important as good menstrual hygiene management is associated with better health and being able to participate fully in education and work. Further education is needed, but it is also important to ensure that all adolescent girls have access to the necessary tools for effective menstruation hygiene management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanphanom Sychareun
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Health Sciences , Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Kongmany Chaleunvong
- Institute of Research and Education Development, University of Health Sciences , Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Dirk R Essink
- Athena Institute for Research on Innovation and Communication in Health and Life Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Joanne Durham
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane, Australia
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Li AD, Bellis EK, Girling JE, Jayasinghe YL, Grover SR, Marino JL, Peate M. Unmet Needs and Experiences of Adolescent Girls with Heavy Menstrual Bleeding and Dysmenorrhea: A Qualitative Study. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2020; 33:278-284. [PMID: 31765795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To identify and examine the key areas of need and explore the experiences of adolescent girls with heavy menstrual bleeding and/or dysmenorrhea. DESIGN AND SETTING Qualitative interview study using semi-structured interviews. Gynaecology outpatient clinic at The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. PARTICIPANTS Adolescent girls (12-18 years; mean age, 14.8 ± 1.5 years) presenting with heavy menstrual bleeding and/or dysmenorrhea at the clinic (N = 30). INTERVENTIONS AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted between May and August 2018. Interview data were thematically analyzed using a grounded theory approach. Themes covered experiences and unmet needs of adolescent girls with heavy menstrual bleeding and/or dysmenorrhea. RESULTS A total of 12 themes were identified, and covered the impact of symptoms, experiences, and/or unmet needs of these adolescents. Key themes highlighting experiences and unmet needs related to (1) coordination of healthcare, (2) day-to-day coping, (3) school, and (4) information surrounding menstrual issues. From these themes, 7 unmet needs emerged and were organized under 3 key areas of need: (1) treatment, management, and care, (2) improvements in the school environment, and (3) menstrual health as a gendered issue. CONCLUSION Menstrual concerns can have a profound physical and psychosocial impact on adolescents. Effective school-based menstrual education programs may be key in reducing stigma, fear, and shame surrounding menstruation, in teaching positive management strategies and in encouraging adolescents to seek help for their menstrual concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna D Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Emily K Bellis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jane E Girling
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Yasmin L Jayasinghe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sonia R Grover
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Marino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle Peate
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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Hennegan J, Sol L. Confidence to manage menstruation at home and at school: findings from a cross-sectional survey of schoolgirls in rural Bangladesh. CULTURE, HEALTH & SEXUALITY 2020; 22:146-165. [PMID: 30931818 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2019.1580768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated girls' confidence to undertake menstrual management tasks at home and in school environments using cross-sectional data from a survey of 1,359 schoolgirls in Bangladesh. At home, 57% of girls reported they were 'very confident' undertaking tasks to manage their menstrual bleeding, while this figure was only 7% at school. We assessed personal, interpersonal and environmental contributors for each context. The use of sanitary pads was positively associated with confidence to manage menstruation at home, while other menstrual hygiene practices were unrelated. In multivariable models, features of sanitation facilities such as cleanliness and the presence of a bin were associated with increased confidence at home. At school, supportive policies, such providing permission to use the toilet when needed, were associated with greater confidence. Talking to a friend about menstruation was positively associated with confidence at school, while at home having discussed menstruation with parents predicted lower confidence. Findings provide quantitative support for the role of multiple independent predictors in girls' confidence to manage menstruation highlighted by qualitative studies. There is unlikely to be a single 'silver bullet' to improving menstrual experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Hennegan
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lidwien Sol
- School of Business and Economics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Setyowati, Rizkia M, Ungsianik T. Improving Female Adolescents' Knowledge, Emotional Response, and Attitude toward Menarche following Implementation of Menarcheal Preparation Reproductive Health Education. Asian Pac Isl Nurs J 2019; 4:84-91. [PMID: 31259234 PMCID: PMC6571916 DOI: 10.31372/20190402.1041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Menarche and menstruation are considered taboos and disconcerting by communities, including female adolescents. The Menarcheal Preparation Reproductive Health Education program was designed to prepare female adolescents for menarche. The aim of this study was to identify the influence of reproductive health education on female adolescents’ preparation, knowledge, emotional response, and attitude toward menarche. The research design was a quasi-experimental, pre–post test with control group design. We selected 174 female adolescents by a stratified random sampling technique. The respondents were divided into two groups: control and intervention. The intervention group was provided Menarcheal Preparations Reproductive Health Education program in the form of a booklet, whereas the control group experienced no intervention. Data analyses involved the use of a chi-square test, McNemar test, and logistic regression. The results showed that there were significant differences in terms of knowledge (p = .001), emotional responses (p = .001), and attitude (p = .001) between the groups, as well as before and after intervention in the intervention group. Logistic regression revealed that reproductive education was the most influencing factor among female adolescents’ knowledge (OR = 45.1; 95% CI: 13.8–148.1), emotional responses (OR = 12.7; 95% CI: 5.6–28.5), and attitude (OR = 12.4; 95% CI: 5.8–26.6) toward menarche. Therefore, this study supports a recommendation of using Reproductive Health Education Related to Menarcheal Preparation in schools and community settings to prepare female adolescents for menarche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setyowati
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Mira Rizkia
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Titin Ungsianik
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
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Coast E, Lattof SR, Strong J. Puberty and menstruation knowledge among young adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review. Int J Public Health 2019; 64:293-304. [PMID: 30740629 PMCID: PMC6439145 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-019-01209-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study presents a scoping review of evidence relating to knowledge and experiences of puberty and menstruation among females aged 10–14 years in low- and middle-income countries. Methods Forty-four items from 12 countries were identified from a systematic scoping review and screening of 8083 items. Included studies were quality assessed. Results A majority (40/44) of studies used school-based samples, and fifteen studies reported on interventions. Girls had inadequate knowledge about menstruation; menarche as a trigger for girls learning about menstruation was common. Adolescents struggled with menstrual hygiene. Negative emotions were associated with menarche and menstrual management. A minority of studies dealt explicitly with puberty. Most girls obtained information about menstruation and/or puberty from their mothers, although mothers were not necessarily girls’ preferred source for learning about these topics. Conclusions Young adolescent girls are under-prepared for puberty and menstruation. Predominantly school-based studies mean we know little about young out-of-school adolescents. The evidence base lags behind the rise in interest from practitioners as well as the development (and evaluation) of puberty and/or menstruation interventions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00038-019-01209-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernestina Coast
- Department of International Development, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.
| | - Samantha R Lattof
- Department of Social Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Joe Strong
- Department of Social Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
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Özel Ş, Oskovi A, Korkut S, Memur T, Engin Üstün Y. Emotional Reactions to Menarch, Menstruation Perception-Knowledge and Self-Care Practices of Adolescents Admitted to Youth Center. ANKARA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.17098/amj.499645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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14
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Marván ML, Chrisler JC. Menarcheal timing, memories of menarche, and later attitudes toward menstruation. COGENT PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2018.1525840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ma. Luisa Marván
- Institute of Psychological Research, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
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Sveinsdóttir H. The role of menstruation in women's objectification: a questionnaire study. J Adv Nurs 2017; 73:1390-1402. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Herdís Sveinsdóttir
- University of Iceland; Faculty of Nursing; Reykjavík Iceland
- Landspitali University Hospital; Surgical Services; Reykjavík Iceland
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Francis JKR, Fraiz LD, Catallozzi M, Rosenthal SL. Qualitative Analysis of Sexually Experienced Female Adolescents: Attitudes about Vaginal Health. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2016; 29:496-500. [PMID: 27133374 PMCID: PMC5003631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To explore adolescent's perceptions of vaginal health, practices, and vaginally-placed products. DESIGN Semistructured interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed until theoretical saturation was achieved. SETTING Adolescent medicine clinics in New York City. PARTICIPANTS Female adolescents (N = 22) who were sexually experienced, predominately Hispanic (73%, n = 16) with a mean age of 17.7 years (range, 15-20 years). INTERVENTIONS None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Interviews were used to assess perspectives on vaginal health, specific vaginal hygiene practices, and attitudes about vaginally-placed products (contraceptive rings, intrauterine devices), and proposed multipurpose technologies administered as ring or gel). The interviews were transcribed and coded for relevant themes. RESULTS Overlapping themes included young women's view of their vagina as a space that needed to be healthy for sexual partners and future fertility. The vagina could not be presumed to be healthy and conversations about vaginal health were limited to include only specific individuals. All reported a variety of practices to maintain their vaginal health, including showering 1-5 times a day and using soaps specifically for the vagina. Attitudes about vaginally-placed products revealed concerns about the sensory experience of having a product in the vagina, safety concerns and interest in the product's objective (prevention of pregnancy or infection). CONCLUSION Adolescents have very specific views and practices about their vaginas. Clinicians should initiate conversations about vaginal health and hygiene with adolescents and focus on the normalcy of the vagina. Development of vaginally-placed products should focus on the sensory experience, safety, and purpose of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny K R Francis
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center - College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York.
| | - Lauren Dapena Fraiz
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center - College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Marina Catallozzi
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center - College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York; Heilbrunn Department of Population & Family Health, Columbia University Medical Center - Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | - Susan L Rosenthal
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center - College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center - College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
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Syed S, Addo OY, De la Cruz-Góngora V, Ashour FAS, Ziegler TR, Suchdev PS. Determinants of Anemia among School-Aged Children in Mexico, the United States and Colombia. Nutrients 2016; 8:E387. [PMID: 27347992 PMCID: PMC4963863 DOI: 10.3390/nu8070387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anemia affects approximately 25% of school-aged children (SAC-aged 5.00-14.99 years) globally. We determined in three countries the prevalence and determinants of anemia in SAC. Data on sociodemographics, inflammation and nutrition status were obtained from the 2006 Mexican National Nutrition Survey, the 2003-6 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, and the 2010 Encuesta Nacional de Nutrición Situación Colombia. In the US, vitamin A and iron deficiency (ID) were available only for girls aged 12.00-14.99 years to which our analysis was limited. Associations were evaluated by country using multivariable logistic regression adjusting for confounders and complex survey design. The prevalence of anemia and ID were: Mexico 12% (ID 18%), n = 3660; US 4% (ID 10%), n = 733; and Colombia 4% (ID 9%), n = 8573. The percentage of anemia associated with ID was 22.4% in Mexico, 38.9% in the US and 16.7% in Colombia. In Mexico, anemia was associated with ID (adjusted OR: 1.5, p = 0.02) and overweight (aOR 0.4, p = 0.007). In the US, anemia was associated with black race/ethnicity (aOR: 14.1, p < 0.0001) and ID (aOR: 8.0, p < 0.0001). In Colombia, anemia was associated with black race/ethnicity (aOR: 1.6, p = 0.005), lowest socio-economic status quintile (aOR: 1.8, p = 0.0005), ID (aOR: 2.7, p < 0.0001), and being stunted (aOR: 1.6, p = 0.02). While anemia was uniformly associated with iron deficiency in Mexico, Columbia, and the United States, other measured factors showed inconsistent associations with anemia. Additional data on anemia determinants in SAC are needed to guide interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Syed
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - O Yaw Addo
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora
- Division of Nutrition and Health, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico.
| | - Fayrouz A Sakr Ashour
- Department of Nutrition & Food Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Thomas R Ziegler
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Parminder S Suchdev
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Educating Mothers and Girls about Knowledge and Practices toward Puberty Hygiene in Tabriz, Iran: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.28593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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