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Yessaillian A, Reese M, Clark RC, Becker M, Lopes K, Alving-Trinh A, Llaneras J, McPherson M, Gosman A, Reid CM. A systematic review of morphine equivalent conversions in plastic surgery: Current methods and future directions. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2024; 95:142-151. [PMID: 38909598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Protocols surrounding opioid reduction have become commonplace in plastic surgery to improve peri-operative outcomes. Within such protocols, opioid requirement is a frequently analyzed outcome. Though often examined, there is no literature standard conversion for morphine milligram equivalents (MME) at present, leading to questionable external validity. We hypothesized significant heterogeneity in MME reporting would exist within plastic surgery literature. METHODS Following the PRISMA guidelines, the authors conducted a systematic review of 16 journals. Clinical studies focused on opioid reduction within plastic surgery were identified. Primary outcomes included reporting of morphine equivalents (ME) delivery (IV/oral), operative ME, inpatient ME, outpatient ME, timeline, and method of calculation. RESULTS Among the 101 studies analyzed, 73% reported opioid requirements in the form of ME. Among those that used ME, 3% reported IV ME, 41% reported oral, 32% reported both, and 25% gave no indication of either. Operative ME were reported in 19% of studies. Furthermore, 54% of studies reported inpatient ME whereas 32% of studies reported outpatient ME. Only 19% reported the number of days opioids were consumed postoperatively. Moreover, 27% of the studies reported the actual method of ME conversion, with 17 unique methods described. Only 8 studies (8%) reported using the Center for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines for ME conversion. CONCLUSION There is significant variability among the reported ME conversion methodology within plastic surgery literature. Highlighting these discrepancies is an essential step in creating and implementing a single, standard method to mitigate opioid morbidity in plastic surgery and to optimize enhanced recovery protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Yessaillian
- UC San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Dr, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - McKay Reese
- UC San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Dr, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Robert Craig Clark
- UC San Diego Division of Plastic Surgery, 200 W. Arbor Drive M/C 8890, San Diego, CA 92013, United States
| | - Miriam Becker
- UC San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Dr, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Kelli Lopes
- UC San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Dr, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Alexandra Alving-Trinh
- UC San Diego Division of Plastic Surgery, 200 W. Arbor Drive M/C 8890, San Diego, CA 92013, United States
| | - Jason Llaneras
- UC San Diego Division of Plastic Surgery, 200 W. Arbor Drive M/C 8890, San Diego, CA 92013, United States
| | - Mary McPherson
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N Pine St, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Amanda Gosman
- UC San Diego Division of Plastic Surgery, 200 W. Arbor Drive M/C 8890, San Diego, CA 92013, United States
| | - Chris M Reid
- UC San Diego Division of Plastic Surgery, 200 W. Arbor Drive M/C 8890, San Diego, CA 92013, United States.
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Davis MP, Davies A, McPherson ML, Reddy A, Paice JA, Roeland E, Walsh D, Mercadante S, Case A, Arnold R, Satomi E, Crawford G, Bruera E, Ripamonti C. Opioid analgesic dose and route conversion ratio studies: a scoping review to inform an eDelphi guideline. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:542. [PMID: 39046534 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08710-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinicians regularly prescribe opioids to manage acute and chronic cancer pain, frequently to address acute postoperative pain, and occasionally to manage chronic non-cancer pain. Clinical efficacy may be suboptimal in some patients due to side effects and/or poor response, and opioid rotation/switching (conversions) is frequently necessary. Despite the widespread practice, opioid conversion ratios are inconsistent between clinicians, practices, and countries. Therefore, we performed a scoping systematic review of opioid conversion studies to inform an international eDelphi guideline. METHODS To ensure a comprehensive review, we conducted a systematic search across multiple databases (OVID Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, EBM-Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Registered Trials, LILACS, IMEMR, AIM, WPRIM) using studies published up to June 2022. Additionally, we performed hand and Google Scholar searches to verify the completeness of our findings. Our inclusion criteria encompassed randomized and non-randomized studies with no age limit, with only a few pediatric studies identified. We included studies on cancer, non-cancer, acute, and chronic pain. The level and grade of evidence were determined based on the Multinational Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) criteria. RESULTS Our search yielded 21,118 abstracts, including 140 randomized (RCT) and 68 non-randomized (NRCT) clinical trials. We compared these results with recently published conversion ratios. Modest correlations were noted between published reviews and the present scoping systematic review. CONCLUSION The present scoping systematic review found low-quality evidence to support an opioid conversion guideline. We will use these data, including conversion ratios and type and route of administration, to inform an eDelphi guideline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Akhila Reddy
- Palliative Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Judith A Paice
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eric Roeland
- Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Declan Walsh
- Atrium Health, Levine Cancer Center, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | | | - Amy Case
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Robert Arnold
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eriko Satomi
- Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gregory Crawford
- Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Eduardo Bruera
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carla Ripamonti
- Network Italiano Cure Di Supporto in Oncologia (NICSO), Università Degli Studi Di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Noguchi S, Saito J, Nakai K, Kitayama M, Hirota K. Impact of the combination of abdominal peripheral nerve block and neuromuscular blockade on the surgical space during robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery: a prospective randomized controlled study. J Anesth 2024; 38:321-329. [PMID: 38358398 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-024-03309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The impact of the combination of abdominal peripheral nerve block (PNB) and the depth of neuromuscular blockade on the surgical field were assessed. METHODS Thirty-eight patients undergoing elective robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP) were randomized into two groups: a PNB group (moderate neuromuscular block [train-of-four 1-3 twitches] with abdominal PNB) and a non-PNB group (deep neuromuscular block [post-tetanic count 0-2 twitches] without abdominal PNB). The primary outcome was the change in the depth of the abdominal cavity relaxation assessed by the change in the distance (Δdistance) between the umbilicus port and peritoneum upon pneumoperitoneal pressure increase from 8 to 12 mmHg. The secondary outcomes were the CO2 usage for the pneumoperitoneal pressure increase and the subjective differences in the Surgical Rating Score (SRS) during surgery. RESULTS The Δdistance and the CO2 usage from 8 to 12 mmHg did not differ significantly between the non-PNB and PNB groups (1.34 ± 0.65 vs. 1.28 ± 0.61 cm, p = 0.763 and 3.64 ± 1.68 vs. 4.34 ± 1.44 L, p = 0.180, respectively). There was also no significant difference in SRS. Comparisons of the Δdistance values for pressure increases from 6 to 8 mmHg, 6 to 10 mmHg and 6 to 12 mmHg between the non-PNB and PNB groups also showed no between-group differences, despite significant intra-group differences (p < 0.001) by pressure increment. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that moderate neuromuscular block with abdominal PNB maintained an adequate surgical space for RARP, with no significant difference from the space achieved by deep neuromuscular block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Noguchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.
| | - Junichi Saito
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kishiko Nakai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Masato Kitayama
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Hirota
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
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Davis MP, McPherson ML, Reddy A, Case AA. Conversion ratios: Why is it so challenging to construct opioid conversion tables? J Opioid Manag 2024; 20:169-179. [PMID: 38700396 DOI: 10.5055/jom.0853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Standardizing opioid management is challenging due to the absence of a ceiling dose, the unknown ideal therapeutic plasma level, and the lack of an clear relationship between dose and therapeutic response. Opioid rotation or conversion, which is switching from one opioid, route of administration, or both, to another, to improve therapeutic response and reduce toxicities, occurs in 20-40 percent of patients treated with opioids. Opioid conversion is often needed when there are adverse effects, toxicities, or inability to tolerate a certain opioid formulation. A majority of patients benefit from opioid conversion, leading to improved analgesia and less adverse effects. There are different published ways of converting opioids in the literature. This review of 20 years of literature is centered on opioid conversions and aims to discuss the complexity of converting opioids. We discuss study designs, outcomes and measures, pain phenotypes, patient characteristics, comparisons of equivalent doses between opioids, reconciling conversion ratios between opioids, routes, directional differences, half-lives and metabolites, interindividual variability, and comparison to package insert information. Palliative care specialists have not yet come to a consensus on the ideal opioid equianalgesic table; however, we discuss a recently updated table, based on retrospective evidence, that may serve as a gold standard for practical use in the palliative care population. More robust, well-designed studies are needed to validate and guide future opioid conversion data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mellar P Davis
- Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7903-3993
| | - Mary Lynn McPherson
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6098-2112
| | - Akhila Reddy
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, Texas. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7628-8675
| | - Amy A Case
- Department of Palliative and Supportive Care, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
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5
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Wong AK, Klepstad P, Rubio JP, Somogyi AA, Vogrin S, Le B, Philip J. Opioid Switch Dosing in Chronic Cancer Pain: A Prospective Longitudinal Study. J Palliat Med 2024; 27:388-393. [PMID: 37955655 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2023.0541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Opioid switching is common, however, conversion tables have limitations. Guidelines suggest postswitch dose reduction, yet, observations show opioid doses may increase postswitch. Objectives: To document the opioid conversion factor postswitch in cancer, and whether pain and adverse effect outcomes differ between switched opioid groups. Design/Setting: This multicenter prospective longitudinal study included people with advanced cancer in Australia. Clinical data (demographics, opioids) and validated instruments (pain, adverse effects) were collected twice, seven days apart. Results: Opioid switch resulted in dose increase (median oral morphine equivalent daily dose 90 mg [interquartile range {IQR} 45-184] to 150 mg [IQR 79-270]), reduced average pain (5.1 [standard deviation {SD} 1.7] to 3.8 [SD 1.6]), and reduced adverse effects. Hydromorphone dose increased 2.5 times (IQR 1.0-3.6) above the original conversion factor used. Conclusions: Opioid switching resulted in overall dose increase, particularly when switching to hydromorphone. Higher preswitch dosing may require higher dose conversion ratios. Dose reduction postswitch risks undertreatment and may not be always appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron K Wong
- Department of Palliative Care, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Palliative Care, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pal Klepstad
- Department Intensive Care Medicine, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Justin P Rubio
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew A Somogyi
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Pharmacology, Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sara Vogrin
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brian Le
- Department of Palliative Care, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Palliative Care, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer Philip
- Department of Palliative Care, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Palliative Care, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Palliative Care, Palliative Care Service, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
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Gastine S, Morse JD, Leung MT, Wong ICK, Howard RF, Harrop E, Liossi C, Standing JF, Jassal SS, Hain RD, Skene S, Oulton K, Law SL, Quek WT, Anderson BJ. Diamorphine pharmacokinetics and conversion factor estimates for intranasal diamorphine in paediatric breakthrough pain:systematic review. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2024; 13:e485-e493. [PMID: 35184039 DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2021-003461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intranasal diamorphine is a potential treatment for breakthrough pain but few paediatric data are available to assist dose estimation. AIM To determine an intranasal diamorphine dose in children through an understanding of pharmacokinetics. DESIGN A systematic review of the literature was undertaken to seek diamorphine pharmacokinetic parameters in neonates, children and adults. Parenteral and enteral diamorphine bioavailability were reviewed with respect to formation of the major metabolite, morphine. Clinical data quantifying equianalgesic effects of diamorphine and morphine were reviewed. REVIEW SOURCES PubMed (1960-2020); EMBASE (1980-2020); IPA (1973-2020) and original human research studies that reported diacetylmorphine and metabolite after any dose or route of administration. RESULTS The systematic review identified 19 studies: 16 in adults and 1 in children and 2 neonatal reports. Details of study participants were extracted. Age ranged from premature neonates to 67 years and weight 1.4-88 kg. Intranasal diamorphine bioavailability was predicted as 50%. The equianalgesic intravenous conversion ratio of morphine:diamorphine was 2:1. There was heterogeneity between pharmacokinetic parameter estimates attributed to routes of administration, lack of size standardisation, methodology and pharmacokinetic analysis. Estimates of the pharmacokinetic parameters clearance and volume of distribution were reduced in neonates. There were insufficient paediatric data to characterise clearance or volume maturation of either diamorphine or its metabolites. CONCLUSIONS We estimate equianalgesic ratios of intravenous morphine:diamorphine 2:1, intravenous morphine:intranasal diamorphine 1:1 and oral morphine:intranasal diamorphine of 1:3. These ratios are based on adult literature, but are reasonable for deciding on an initial dose of 0.1 mg/kg in children 4-13 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Gastine
- Great Ormond St Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - James D Morse
- Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Auckland Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Miriam Ty Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ian Chi Kei Wong
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, University College London School of Pharmacy, London, UK
| | - Richard F Howard
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Christina Liossi
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Joseph F Standing
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Immunity and Inflammation, University College London, London, UK
| | - Satbir Singh Jassal
- Palliative Care, Rainbows Hospice for Children and Young Adults, Loughborough, UK
| | - Richard D Hain
- All-Wales Managed Clinical Network in Paediatric Palliative Medicine, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - Simon Skene
- Faculty of Arts and Human Sciences, Surrey Clinical Trials Unit, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Kate Oulton
- Centre for Outcomes and Experience Research in Children's Health, Illness and Disability, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Siew L Law
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, University College London School of Pharmacy, London, UK
| | - Wan T Quek
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, University College London School of Pharmacy, London, UK
| | - Brian J Anderson
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Auckland Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Auckland, New Zealand
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Tagami K, Chiu SW, Kosugi K, Ishiki H, Hiratsuka Y, Shimizu M, Mori M, Kubo E, Ikari T, Arakawa S, Eto T, Shimoda M, Hirayama H, Nishijima K, Ouchi K, Shimoi T, Shigeno T, Yamaguchi T, Miyashita M, Morita T, Inoue A, Satomi E. Cancer Pain Management in Patients Receiving Inpatient Specialized Palliative Care Services. J Pain Symptom Manage 2024; 67:27-38.e1. [PMID: 37730073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cancer pain is a common complication that is frequently undertreated in patients with cancer. OBJECTIVES This study is aimed at assessing the time needed to achieve cancer pain management goals through specialized palliative care (SPC). METHODS This was a multicenter, prospective, longitudinal study of inpatients with cancer pain who received SPC. Patients were continuously followed up until they considered cancer pain management successful, and we estimated this duration using the Kaplan-Meier method. We investigated the effectiveness of pain management using multiple patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and quantitative measures, including pain intensity change in the Brief Pain Inventory. A paired-sample t-test was used to compare the pain intensity at the beginning and end of the observation period. RESULTS Cancer pain management based on the PROs was achieved in 87.9% (385/438) of all cases. In 94.5% (364/385) of these cases, cancer pain management was achieved within 1 week, and the median time to pain management was 3 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 2-3). The mean worst pain intensity in the last 24 h at the start and end of observation were 6.9 ± 2.2 and 4.0 ± 2.3, respectively, with a difference of -2.9 (95% CI, -3.2 to -2.6; p < 0.01). Overall, 81.6% of the patients reported satisfaction with cancer pain management, and 62 adverse events occurred. CONCLUSION SPC achieved cancer pain management over a short period with a high level of patient satisfaction resulting in significant pain reduction and few documented adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Tagami
- Department of Palliative Medicine (K.T., Y.H., T.I., A.I.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Shih-Wei Chiu
- Division of Biostatistics (S-W.C., M.S., T.Y.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kosugi
- Department of Palliative Medicine (K.K., E.K., T.E.), National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroto Ishiki
- Department of Palliative Medicine (H.I., S.A., E.S.), National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hiratsuka
- Department of Palliative Medicine (K.T., Y.H., T.I., A.I.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine (Y.H.), Takeda General Hospital, Aizu Wakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masaki Shimizu
- Department of Palliative Care (M.S.), Kyoto-Katsura Hospital, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masanori Mori
- Division of Palliative and Supportive Care (M.M., T.M.), Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Emi Kubo
- Department of Palliative Medicine (K.K., E.K., T.E.), National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomoo Ikari
- Department of Palliative Medicine (K.T., Y.H., T.I., A.I.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Sayaka Arakawa
- Department of Palliative Medicine (H.I., S.A., E.S.), National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Eto
- Department of Palliative Medicine (K.K., E.K., T.E.), National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mayu Shimoda
- Division of Biostatistics (S-W.C., M.S., T.Y.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Hirayama
- Department of Palliative Nursing (H.H., T.S., M.M.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kaoru Nishijima
- Department of Palliative Care (K.N.), Kyowakai Medical Corporation, Daini Kyoritsu Hospital, Kawanishi, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kota Ouchi
- Department of Medical Oncology (K.O.), Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Shimoi
- Department of Medical Oncology (T.S.), National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shigeno
- Department of Palliative Nursing (H.H., T.S., M.M.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takuhiro Yamaguchi
- Division of Biostatistics (S-W.C., M.S., T.Y.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Miyashita
- Department of Palliative Nursing (H.H., T.S., M.M.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morita
- Division of Palliative and Supportive Care (M.M., T.M.), Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan; Research Association for Community Health (T.M.), Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Inoue
- Department of Palliative Medicine (K.T., Y.H., T.I., A.I.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Eriko Satomi
- Department of Palliative Medicine (H.I., S.A., E.S.), National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Ou Y, Wu M, Liu D, Luo L, Xu X, Panayi AC, He J, Long Y, Feng J, Nian M, Cui Y. Efficacy and Safety of Nerve Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Breast Cosmetic Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024; 48:71-83. [PMID: 36939869 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-023-03320-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the postoperative analgesic efficacy and safety of nerve block (NB) in patients undergoing breast surgery for cosmetic purposes. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Libraries were searched from inception to September 2022, to identify all eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Continuous data are presented as mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), whereas dichotomous data are provided as odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI. This meta-analysis was performed in RevMan 5.4. RESULTS A total of 10 RCTs with 565 patients were meta-analyzed. Compared to the control group, the pain score of the NB group was significantly lower at postoperative 2, 3-4, 6-8, 12-16 and 24 h. Opioid consumption in the first postoperative 24 h was significantly lower in the NB group (MD = - 9.02, 95% CI - 14.29 to - 3.75, P < 0.05), I2 = 95%). In addition, the NB group showed a prolonged time to first postoperative analgesic requirement (MD = 43.15, 95% CI 4.74-81.56, P < 0.05, I2 = 96%), decreased incidence of additional postoperative analgesia (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.07-0.28, P < 0.05, I2 = 0%) and reduced incidence of postoperative nausea or vomiting (OR 0.33; 95% CI 0.22-0.48; P < 0.05; I2 = 0%). There was no significant difference in operation duration between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Nerve block is an effective and safe option for postoperative analgesia after breast cosmetic surgery. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Ou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Mengfan Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Luo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangwen Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Adriana C Panayi
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Microsurgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Junjun He
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Long
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Feng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingxuan Nian
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongyan Cui
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Virani F, Miller M. Alfentanil in inpatient palliative medicine: practice survey. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2023; 13:e258-e259. [PMID: 34021006 DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2021-003070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Virani
- Palliative Medicine, Sobell House, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Mary Miller
- Palliative Medicine, Sobell House, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
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Buonanno P, Marra A, Iacovazzo C, Vargas M, Nappi S, Squillacioti F, de Siena AU, Servillo G. The PATIENT Approach: A New Bundle for the Management of Chronic Pain. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1551. [PMID: 38003866 PMCID: PMC10672627 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13111551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain is one of the most challenging diseases for physicians as its etiology and manifestations can be extremely varied. Many guidelines have been published and many therapeutic options are nowadays available for the different types of pain. Given the enormous amount of information that healthcare providers must handle, it is not always simple to keep in mind all the phases and strategies to manage pain. We here present the acronym PATIENT (P: patient's perception; A: assessment; T: tailored approach; I: iterative evaluation; E: education; N: non-pharmacological approach; T: team), a bundle which can help to summarize all the steps to follow in the management of chronic pain. METHODS We performed a PubMed search with a list of terms specific for every issue of the bundle; only English articles were considered. RESULTS We analyzed the literature investigating these topics to provide an overview of the available data on each bundle's issue; their synthesis lead to an algorithm which may allow healthcare providers to undertake every step of a patient's evaluation and management. DISCUSSION Pain management is very complex; our PATIENT bundle could be a guide to clinicians to optimize a patient's evaluation and treatment.
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Hiratsuka Y, Tagami K, Inoue A, Sato M, Matsuda Y, Kosugi K, Kubo E, Natsume M, Ishiki H, Arakawa S, Shimizu M, Yokomichi N, Chiu SW, Shimoda M, Hirayama H, Nishijima K, Ouchi K, Shimoi T, Shigeno T, Yamaguchi T, Miyashita M, Morita T, Satomi E. Prevalence of opioid-induced adverse events across opioids commonly used for analgesic treatment in Japan: a multicenter prospective longitudinal study. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:632. [PMID: 37843639 PMCID: PMC10579154 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-08099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although opioids have been shown to be effective for cancer pain, opioid-induced adverse events (AEs) are common. To date, little is known about the differences in risks of AEs by opioid type. This study was performed to compare the prevalence of AEs across opioids commonly used for analgesic treatment in Japan. METHODS This study was conducted as a preplanned secondary analysis of a multicenter prospective longitudinal study of inpatients with cancer pain who received specialized palliative care for cancer pain relief. We assessed daily AEs until termination of follow-up. We rated the severity of AEs based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. We computed adjusted odds ratios for each AE (constipation, nausea and vomiting, delirium, and drowsiness) with the following variables: opioid, age, sex, renal dysfunction, and primary cancer site. RESULTS In total, 465 patients were analyzed. Based on the descriptive analysis, the top four most commonly used opioids were included in the analysis: oxycodone, hydromorphone, fentanyl, and tramadol. With respect to the prevalence of AEs among all analyzed patients, delirium (n = 25, 6.3%) was the most frequent, followed by drowsiness (n = 21, 5.3%), nausea and vomiting (n = 19, 4.8%), and constipation (n = 28, 4.6%). The multivariate logistic analysis showed that no single opioid was identified as a statistically significant independent predictor of any AE. CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in the prevalence of AEs among oxycodone, fentanyl, hydromorphone, and tramadol, which are commonly used for analgesic treatment in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Hiratsuka
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Takeda General Hospital, Aizu Wakamatsu, Japan.
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Keita Tagami
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akira Inoue
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mamiko Sato
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Matsuda
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kosugi
- Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Emi Kubo
- Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Maika Natsume
- Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Hiroto Ishiki
- Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Arakawa
- Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Shimizu
- Department of Palliative Care, Kyoto-Katsura Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naosuke Yokomichi
- Division of Palliative and Supportive Care, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Shih-Wei Chiu
- Division of Biostatistics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mayu Shimoda
- Division of Biostatistics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Hirayama
- Department of Palliative Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kaoru Nishijima
- Department of Palliative Care, Kyowakai Medical Corporation, Daini Kyoritsu Hospital, Kawanishi, Japan
| | - Kota Ouchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Shimoi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shigeno
- Department of Palliative Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takuhiro Yamaguchi
- Division of Biostatistics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Miyashita
- Department of Palliative Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morita
- Division of Palliative and Supportive Care, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Research Association for Community Health, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Eriko Satomi
- Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Aoki Y, Nakayama M, Nakajima K, Yamashina M, Okizaki A. Comparison of pain-relieving effects by number of irradiations, through propensity score matching and the international consensus endpoint. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2023; 28:506-513. [PMID: 37795227 PMCID: PMC10547426 DOI: 10.5603/rpor.a2023.0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Palliative radiotherapy for bone metastases utilizes various dose fractionation schedules. The pain-relieving effects of a single fraction (SF) and multiple fractions (MF) are largely debated due to the difficulty in matching patients' backgrounds and in assessing the effectiveness of pain relief. This study aimed to compare the pain-relieving effects of SF and MF palliative radiotherapy for bone metastases using propensity score matching and the international consensus endpoint (ICE). Materials and methods Our study included 195 patients irradiated for bone metastasis. The primary endpoint was the pain-relieving effects used by ICE. In addition, the evaluation was performed by using responder (complete response/partial response) and non-responder (pain progression/indeterminate response) categorization. The secondary endpoints were the discharge or transfer rate at one month after irradiation and postirradiation pathological fracture rate. Propensity score matching was used to adjust patient's characteristics and reduce selection bias. Results After adapting propensity score matching, the total number of patients was 74. There was no significant difference in the pain-relieving effects between SF and MF (p = 0.184). There were no significant differences in them between SF and MF when using responder and non-responder categorization (p = 0.163). Furthermore, there were no differences in the discharge or transfer rates (p = 0.693) and pathological fracture rates (p = 1.00). Conclusions The combination of propensity score matching and ICE revealed no significant difference in the pain-relieving effects between SF and MF for bone metastases, thus, SF has no significant disadvantage compared to MF in pain-relieving effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Aoki
- Department of Radiology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Michihiro Nakayama
- Department of Radiology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kaori Nakajima
- Department of Radiology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masaaki Yamashina
- Department of Radiology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Atsutaka Okizaki
- Department of Radiology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
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13
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Liang B, Li C, Zhou Z, Xie Y. Antitumor Effects of Hydromorphone on Human Gastric Cancer Cells in vitro. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:1037-1045. [PMID: 37057060 PMCID: PMC10086391 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s398464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Experimental data indicate that morphine and fentanyl may have antitumor effects in gastric cancer cells (GC). Hydromorphone, as an analgesic, is used against refractory cancer pain in recent years. However, the data on hydromorphone influencing the biological characteristics of human gastric cancer cells are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate how hydromorphone affected the growth of human gastric cancer in vitro. Material and Methods Human GC cell lines (HGC-27, MGC-803, AGS and SGC-7901) and human gastric epithelial cells GSE-1 were exposed to various concentrations of hydromorphone (0-800μM). The cell viability, invasion and migration abilities were measured using cell counting kit-8, Transwell and wound healing assays. Apoptosis and cell cycle were evaluated by flow cytometry. Results Hydromorphone was toxic in GSE-1 cells at the concentration 800μM. It showed enhanced antitumor effects at a longer incubation time and higher concentrations in HGC-27, MGC-803, AGS and SGC-7901 cells. Hydromorphone inhibited the progression of MGC- 803 cells by cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. Conclusion Hydromorphone suppresses the proliferation of human GC cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. That may provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of hydromorphone in the safe and effective treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beiwei Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunlai Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhan Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yubo Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yubo Xie, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Mercadante S, Adile C, Ferrera P, Grassi Y, Cascio AL, Casuccio A. Conversion ratios for opioid switching: a pragmatic study. Support Care Cancer 2022; 31:91. [PMID: 36580152 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07514-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The final conversion ratios among opioids used for successful switching are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the initial and final conversion ratios used for a successful opioid switching in cancer patients, and eventual associated factors. METHODS Ninety-five patients who were successfully switched were evaluated. The following data were collected: age, gender, Karnofsky performance score, primary cancer, cognitive function, the presence of neuropathic, and incident pain. Opioids, route of administration, and their doses expressed in oral morphine equivalents used before OS were recorded as well as opioids use for starting opioid switching, and at time of stabilization. Physical and psychological symptoms were routinely evaluated by Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale. RESULTS No statistical changes were observed between the initial conversion ratios and those achieved at time of stabilization for all the sequences of opioid switching. When considering patients switched to methadone, there was no association between factors taken into considerations. CONCLUSION Opioid switching is a highly effective and safe technique, improving analgesia and reducing the opioid-related symptom burden. The final conversion ratios were not different from those used for starting opioid switching. Patients receiving higher doses of opioids should be carefully monitored for individual and unexpected responses in an experienced palliative care unit, particularly those switched to methadone. Future studies should provide data regarding the profile of patients with difficult pain to be hospitalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Mercadante
- Main Regional Center for Pain Relief and Supportive/Palliative Care, La Maddalena Cancer Center, Via San Lorenzo 312, 90146, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Claudio Adile
- Main Regional Center for Pain Relief and Supportive/Palliative Care, La Maddalena Cancer Center, Via San Lorenzo 312, 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ferrera
- Main Regional Center for Pain Relief and Supportive/Palliative Care, La Maddalena Cancer Center, Via San Lorenzo 312, 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Yasmine Grassi
- Main Regional Center for Pain Relief and Supportive/Palliative Care, La Maddalena Cancer Center, Via San Lorenzo 312, 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessio Lo Cascio
- Main Regional Center for Pain Relief and Supportive/Palliative Care, La Maddalena Cancer Center, Via San Lorenzo 312, 90146, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Casuccio
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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15
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Wandrey JD, Behnel N, Tafelski S. Unterstützung der Opioidrotation mithilfe von Online-Apps. Schmerz 2022:10.1007/s00482-022-00683-5. [PMID: 36508032 PMCID: PMC10368547 DOI: 10.1007/s00482-022-00683-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Aufgrund von Arzneimittelnebenwirkungen, Medikamenteninteraktionen oder wegen inadäquater Wirkung bei der Behandlung mit Opioiden kann eine Opioidrotation indiziert sein. Zur Bestimmung der oralen Morphinäquivalenz ist mit der Leitlinie „Langzeitanwendung von Opioiden bei chronischen nicht-tumorbedingten Schmerzen (LONTS)“ ein Praxiswerkzeug veröffentlicht. Dem gegenüber stehen mehrere Apps, die bislang nicht bewertet wurden.
Material und Methoden
Mittels Google Play Store®, iOS App Store® und der Suchmaschine Google® wurden Apps zur Opioidkonversion gesucht. Deutsch- und englischsprachige Apps mit Kalkulatorfunktion wurden eingeschlossen. Mit den Apps wurden 16 Testfälle aus der klinischen Praxis kalkuliert und die Abweichung von der Empfehlung der LONTS-Leitlinie berechnet.
Ergebnisse
Insgesamt wurden 17 Apps identifiziert. Elf benannten die Herkunft des Algorithmus, 3 davon benannten Literaturquellen. Keine App wies ein Qualitätssiegel auf, zudem ließen sich mit keiner App sämtliche Fälle lösen. Es wurden Abweichungen der resultierenden oralen Morphinäquivalente um +179 % von der leitliniengerechten Umrechnung identifiziert. Vier Apps warnten vor Überdosierungen.
Schlussfolgerung
Obwohl die Apps die Umrechnung zwischen Opioiden vereinfachen, besteht eine hohe Varianz der Umrechnungsfaktoren und teils eine große Abweichung von evidenzbasierten Tabellen. Insgesamt besteht ein hohes Risiko von Opioidfehldosierungen.
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16
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Wen RY, Atayee RS, Edmonds KP. A Comparison of Institutional Opioid Equianalgesia Tools: A National Study. J Palliat Med 2022; 25:1686-1691. [PMID: 35559657 PMCID: PMC9836696 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2021.0678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Context: Equianalgesic tools are commonly utilized to guide dose of analgesic therapy, but there is no national consensus on equianalgesic calculations in the United States. Objectives: To propose a summary of current opioid equianalgesic data that include variations and trends among national institutions. Methods: Opioid equianalgesic tools were obtained between May and September 2021. For meperidine, tramadol, codeine, hydrocodone, morphine, oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydromorphone, levorphanol, fentanyl, and tapentadol, details of adjustment for incomplete tolerance, opioid equianalgesic ratios, and formulation types were collected and analyzed. Baseline opioid pharmaco kinetic data were obtained through manufacturer labels on FDA databases, including half-life (T1/2), volume of distribution (Vd), clearance (Cl), area under the curve (AUC), max concentration (Cmax), and time to max concentration (Tmax). Results: Thirty-two institutions' equianalgesic tools were included with each study opioid appearing on an average of 23 institutions' tools. Few tools contained guidance on levorphanol or tapentadol; or included minimum and maximum recommended doses. All tools included guidance on fentanyl, hydromorphone, oxycodone, morphine, and hydrocodone. A minority of tools included guidance on cross-tolerance considerations (n = 12, 37.5%). Oral-tramadol-to-oral-morphine and oral-hydromorphone-to-intravenous (IV)-hydromorphone had the largest variances across equianalgesic tools (6.7 ± 2.8 and 4.06 ± 1.2 mg, respectively). Conclusion: Opioid equianalgesia tools from across the United States demonstrated significant variation in their inclusion of guidance on adjustment for incomplete cross-tolerance, oral-to-IV, and oral-to-oral opioid equianalgesic ratios, and which opioids and formulations were listed. Tramadol and hydromorphone had the most variation in their equianalgesic guidance among the opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Y. Wen
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rabia S. Atayee
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Palliative Care Program, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego Health Sciences, and Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kyle P. Edmonds
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Palliative Care Program, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego Health Sciences, and Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, La Jolla, California, USA
- Section of Palliative Care, Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, La Jolla, California, USA
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Reddy A, Sinclair C, Crawford GB, McPherson ML, Mercadante S, Hui D, Haider A, Arthur J, Tanco K, Dalal S, Dev R, Amaram-Davila J, Adile C, Liu D, Schuler U, Jammi S, Shelal Z, Del Fabbro E, Davis M, Bruera E. Opioid Rotation and Conversion Ratios Used by Palliative Care Professionals: An International Survey. J Palliat Med 2022; 25:1557-1562. [PMID: 35930252 PMCID: PMC9836667 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2022.0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The opioid rotation ratios (ORRs) and conversion ratios (CRs) used worldwide among palliative care (PC) professionals to perform opioid rotations (ORs) and route conversions may have a wide variation. Methods: We surveyed PC professionals on opioid ratios used through email to the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer's PC study group and Twitter and Facebook posts between September and November 2020. Results: We received 370 responses from respondents from 53 countries: 276 (76%) were physicians, 46 (13%) advanced practice providers, 39 (11%) pharmacists, and 9 respondents did not report their profession. There were statistically significant variations in median CR from intravenous (IV) to oral morphine (2-3), IV to oral hydromorphone (2-4.5), ORR from IV hydromorphone to oral morphine (10-20), and ORR from transdermal fentanyl mcg/hour to oral morphine (2-3.5) across various groups. Conclusion: This survey highlights the wide variation in ORRs and CRs among PC clinicians worldwide and the need for further research to standardize practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhila Reddy
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Christian Sinclair
- Division of Palliative Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Gregory B. Crawford
- Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Mary Lynn McPherson
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sebastiano Mercadante
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit and Pain Relief and Supportive-Palliative Care Unit, La Maddalena Cancer Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - David Hui
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ali Haider
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joseph Arthur
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kimberson Tanco
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shalini Dalal
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rony Dev
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jaya Amaram-Davila
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Claudio Adile
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit and Pain Relief and Supportive-Palliative Care Unit, La Maddalena Cancer Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Diane Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ulrich Schuler
- Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, PalliativCentrum & Medizinische Klinik, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sheetal Jammi
- Candidate for Bachelor of Science in Biology and Bachelor of Science in Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Zeena Shelal
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Egidio Del Fabbro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mellar Davis
- Department of Palliative Care, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eduardo Bruera
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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18
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Viderman D, Aubakirova M, Umbetzhanov Y, Kulkaeva G, Shalekenov SB, Abdildin YG. Ultrasound-Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block in Thoracolumbar Spinal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:932101. [PMID: 35860731 PMCID: PMC9289466 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.932101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neurosurgical spinal surgeries such as micro- discectomy and complex fusion surgeries remain the leading causes of disability-adjusted life-year. Major spinal surgeries often result in severe postprocedural pain due to massive dissection of the underlying tissues. While opioids offer effective pain control, they frequently lead to side effects, such as post-operative nausea and vomiting, pruritus, constipation, and respiratory depression. ESPB was successfully used in spinal surgery as a component of a multimodal analgesic regimen and it eliminated the requirements for opioids. The primary purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare post-operative opioid consumption between ESPB and placebo. Methods To conduct this systematic review, we used the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)” guidelines. We conducted a search for relevant articles available in the following databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library published up to March 2022. Results The total morphine consumption within 24 h after surgery was lower in the ESPB group, the mean difference (in mg of morphine) with 95% CI is −9.27 (−11.63, −6.91). The pain intensity (0–10) at rest measured 24 h after surgery was lower in the ESPB group, the MD with 95% CI is −0.47 (−0.77, −0.17). The pain intensity during movement measured 24 h after surgery was lower in the ESPB group, the MD with 95% CI is −0.73 (−1.00, −0.47). Post-operative nausea and vomiting were significantly lower in the ESPB group, the risk ratio with 95% CI is 0.32 (0.19, 0.53). Conclusion Ultrasound-guided ESPB was superior to placebo in reducing post-operative opioid consumption, pain intensity, post-operative nausea and vomiting, and prolonging the time to first rescue analgesia. There were no ESPB-related serious complications reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Viderman
- Nazarbayev University School of Medicine (NUSOM), Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- National Research Oncology Center, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- *Correspondence: Dmitriy Viderman,
| | - Mina Aubakirova
- Nazarbayev University School of Medicine (NUSOM), Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | | | - Yerkin G. Abdildin
- Nazarbayev University School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
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19
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Kilmer B, Pardo B, Caulkins JP, Reuter P. How much illegally manufactured fentanyl could the U.S. be consuming? THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2022; 48:397-402. [PMID: 35867407 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2022.2092491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The spread of illegally manufactured opioids, including fentanyl, has brought unprecedented levels of drug overdose deaths in North America. In some markets, illegally manufactured fentanyl (IMF) is essentially displacing heroin, not just being used to adulterate it. It is not possible at this time to provide an accurate point estimate of the amount of IMF consumed in the United States. Yet for various purposes (e.g. assessing changes in production levels and the appropriate role for various supply reduction efforts), it is important to have a sense of scale. This article provides guidance through two thought experiments that provide a hypothetical upper bound on U.S. consumption. The first considers a scenario in which IMF replaces heroin in all illegal opioid markets. The second starts with the number of individuals with an opioid use disorder and considers what total consumption would be if IMF was the only opioid they consumed. Both calculations suggest it is unlikely that the annual consumption of IMF in 2021 could have been more than single digit pure metric tons. For comparison, the most recent best estimates of the amount of cocaine and heroin consumed in the U.S. are 145 and 47 pure metric tons, respectively. The article also raises questions about the limitations of using traditional equianalgesic morphine equivalent dose conversions to estimate the total market consumption of IMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beau Kilmer
- McCauley Chair in Drug Policy Innovation and Director of the RAND Drug Policy Research Center, RAND, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Bryce Pardo
- RAND Drug Policy Research Center, RAND, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Jonathan P Caulkins
- H. Guyford Stever University Professor of Operations Research and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University's Heinz College, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter Reuter
- School of Public Policy and the Department of Criminology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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Berninger L, Tapper C. Opioid Rotation: Considerations, Controversy, and Clinical Practice #440. J Palliat Med 2022; 25:998-999. [PMID: 35647636 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2022.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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21
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Morse JD, Anderson BJ, Gastine S, Wong ICK, Standing JF. Pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation to understand diamorphine dose-response in neonates, children, and adolescents. Paediatr Anaesth 2022; 32:716-726. [PMID: 35212432 DOI: 10.1111/pan.14425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling and simulation can facilitate understanding and prediction of exposure-response relationships in children with acute or chronic pain. The pharmacokinetics of diamorphine (diacetylmorphine, heroin), a strong opioid, remain poorly quantified in children and dose is often guided by clinical acumen. This tutorial demonstrates how a model to describe intranasal and intravenous diamorphine pharmacokinetics can be fashioned from a model for diamorphine disposition in adults and a model describing morphine disposition in children. Allometric scaling and maturation models were applied to clearances and volumes to account for differences in size and age between children and adults. The utility of modeling and simulation to gain insight into the analgesic exposure-response relationship is demonstrated. The model explains reported observations, can be used for interrogation, interpolated to determine equianalgesia and inform future clinical studies. Simulation was used to illustrate how diamorphine is rapidly metabolized to morphine via its active metabolite 6-monoacetylmorphine, which mediates an early dopaminergic response accountable for early euphoria. Morphine formation is then responsible for the slower, prolonged analgesic response. Time-concentration profiles of diamorphine and its metabolites reflected disposition changes with age and were used to describe intravenous and intranasal dosing regimens. These indicated that morphine exposure in children after intranasal diamorphine 0.1 mg.kg-1 was similar to that after intranasal diamorphine 5 mg in adults. A target concentration of morphine 30 μg.L-1 can be achieved by a diamorphine intravenous infusion in neonates 14 μg.kg-1 .h-1 , in a 5-year-old child 42 μg.kg-1 .h-1 and in an 15 year-old-adolescent 33 μg.kg-1 .h-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Morse
- Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology, Auckland University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Brian J Anderson
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Silke Gastine
- Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ian C K Wong
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Joseph F Standing
- Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
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Peron R, Rampazo ÉP, Liebano RE. Traditional acupuncture and laser acupuncture in chronic nonspecific neck pain: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2022; 23:408. [PMID: 35578302 PMCID: PMC9109358 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06349-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nonspecific neck pain is a multifactorial and very common condition in adult individuals, traditional acupuncture (TA) and laser acupuncture (LA) may be treatment options for certain individuals in such a condition. However, no reports were found in the literature comparing the effectiveness of TA and LA in cases of chronic nonspecific neck pain. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effectiveness of TA and LA therapies in individuals with chronic nonspecific neck pain, noting which one is more efficient for this condition. The result of this research will have direct implications for pain management and, consequently, may benefit individuals suffering from nonspecific chronic neck pain. Methods/design This will be a controlled and randomized clinical trial. Eighty-four individuals will be recruited and distributed equally and randomly into 3 groups: TA (which will receive the acupuncture treatment with needles), LA (which will receive the laser acupuncture treatment), and Sham (who will receive the placebo intervention). The acupuncture points (Tianzhu, Fengchi, Jianjing, and Jianzhongshu) will be stimulated bilaterally. The primary outcome will be pain intensity, determined using the Numerical Rating Scale. The secondary outcomes will be pressure pain threshold, temporal summation of pain, conditioned pain modulation, use of analgesic medicines after treatment, and the global perceived effect scale. The assessments will be performed immediately before and after the treatment, which will be a single session, at the follow-up and 1 month after the end of the treatments; evaluation will be made of the pain intensity and the global perceived effect. Statistical analysis of the data obtained will consider a significance level of p < 0.05. Discussion This study will provide evidence concerning the effects of LA treatment, in comparison with TA and sham intervention, leading to benefits for individuals suffering from chronic nonspecific neck pain. Trial registration Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials - ReBEC RBR-7vbw5gd. Date of registration: August 06th, 2021.
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23
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Viderman D, Aubakirova M, Abdildin YG. Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Colorectal Surgery: A Meta-Analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:802039. [PMID: 35295183 PMCID: PMC8920556 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.802039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute postoperative pain is one of the most common concerns during the early postoperative period in colorectal surgery. Opioids still represent the cornerstone of postoperative pain management, yet they often result in significant side effects such as nausea and/or vomiting, sedation, urinary retention, delayed recovery of colonic motility, respiratory depression, and postoperative ileus. Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block has been widely used for postoperative analgesia in various abdominal surgeries. The primary aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the postoperative opioid requirements of patients in the TAP block group and the control group (placebo). The secondary aims included evaluation of the efficacy of TAP blocks in postoperative pain management, the measurement of time to first request for opioids, the measurement of length of hospital stay (LoS), and the documentation of postoperative nausea and/or vomiting. We searched for articles reporting the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the application of TAP block in colorectal surgery published before September 2021. Eight RCTs involving 615 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Seven articles reported the results of TAP blocks in laparoscopic surgery and eight in both laparoscopic and open surgery. The need for opioids and the intensity of pain at rest within 24 h after laparoscopic and combined (laparoscopic and open) surgeries were significantly lower in the TAP block group compared with the “no block” group. The intensity of pain during coughing within 24 hours after laparoscopic surgery was significantly lower in the TAP block groups compared to the groups without block. There were no statistically significant differences between the TAP block and “no block” groups in overall (over the entire hospital stay) postoperative opioid consumption and length of hospital stay after laparoscopic surgery, as well as in postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic and combined surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Viderman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine (NUSOM), Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Mina Aubakirova
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine (NUSOM), Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Yerkin G Abdildin
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
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Viderman D, Aubakirova M, Abdildin YG. Erector Spinae Plane Block in Abdominal Surgery: A Meta-Analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:812531. [PMID: 35280917 PMCID: PMC8904394 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.812531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal surgery is one of the most definitive and mainstay treatment options for abdominal pathologies in clinical practice. Acute postoperative pain is a major challenge in the postoperative period. Although opioids are commonly used for analgesia after major abdominal surgeries, they can lead to side effects, such as nausea and vomiting, constipation, pruritus, and life-threatening respiratory depression. Regional anesthetic techniques are commonly used to prevent or minimize these side effects. The objective of this meta-analysis is to assess the effectiveness of erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and standard medical (no block) pain management after major abdominal surgeries. Methods We searched for articles reporting the results of randomized controlled trials on ESPB and no block in pain control published before May 2021. Results The systematic search initially yielded 56 publications, 49 articles were excluded, and seven randomized clinical trials were included and analyzed. We extracted the data on postoperative opioid consumption, the efficacy of pain relief, time to the first opioid demand, and the rate of postoperative complications in the ESPB group and no block group. Conclusions Opioid requirement and time to first analgesic request were significantly reduced in the ultrasound-guided ESPB group, but pain scores, nausea, and vomiting did not differ significantly after pooling the results of the block and no block studies. There were no reports on serious complications related to ESPB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Viderman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Mina Aubakirova
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Yerkin G Abdildin
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
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Franco J, de Souza RN, Lima TDM, Moriel P, Visacri MB. Role of clinical pharmacist in the palliative care of adults and elderly patients with cancer: A scoping review. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2022; 28:664-685. [PMID: 35019805 DOI: 10.1177/10781552211073470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We conducted this scoping review to map and summarize scientific evidence on the role of clinical pharmacists in the palliative care of adults and elderly patients with cancer. DATA SOURCES A literature search was performed in MEDLINE, PubMed Central, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and BVS/BIREME for studies published until November 22nd, 2020. Studies that reported work experiences adopted by clinical pharmacists in the palliative care of adults and elderly patients with cancer were included. Two independent authors performed study selection and data extraction. Any disagreements were resolved by discussion with the third and fourth authors. The pharmacist interventions identified in the included studies were described based on key domains in the DEPICT v.2. DATA SUMMARY A total of 586 records were identified, of which 14 studies fully met the eligibility criteria. Most of them were conducted in the United States of America (n = 5) and Canada (n = 5) and described the workplace of the pharmacist in clinic/ambulatory (n = 10). Clinical pharmacists performed several activities and provided services, highlighting medication review (n = 12), patient and caregivers education (n = 12), medication histories and-or medication reconciliation (n = 6). The pharmacist interventions were mostly conducted for patients/caregivers (n = 13), by one-on-one contact (n = 14), and by face-to-face (n = 13). Pharmacists were responsible mainly for change or suggestion for change in therapy (n = 12) and patient counselling (n = 12). Pharmacist interventions were well accepted by the clinical team. Overall, studies showed that pharmacists, within an interdisciplinary team, had significant impacts on measured outcomes. CONCLUSIONS In recent years, there have been advances in the role of the pharmacist in palliative care of patients with cancer and there are great opportunities in this field. They play an important role in managing cancer pain and other symptoms, as well as resolving drug related problems. We encourage more research to be carried out to strengthen this field and to benefit patients with advanced cancer with higher quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Franco
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael N de Souza
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Tácio de M Lima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 67825Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia Moriel
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marília B Visacri
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Zhang J, Liu TF, Shan H, Wan ZY, Wang Z, Viswanath O, Paladini A, Varrassi G, Wang HQ. Decompression Using Minimally Invasive Surgery for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Associated with Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: A Review. Pain Ther 2021; 10:941-959. [PMID: 34322837 PMCID: PMC8586290 DOI: 10.1007/s40122-021-00293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), which often occurs concurrently with degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS), is a common disease in the elderly population, affecting the quality of life of aged people significantly. Notwithstanding the frequently good effect of conservative therapy on LSS, a minority of the patients ultimately require surgery. Surgery for LSS aims to decompress the narrowed spinal canals with preservation of spinal stability. Traditional open surgery, either pure decompression or decompression with fusion, was considered effective for the treatment of LSS with or without DS. However, the long-term clinical outcomes of traditional open surgery are still unclear. Moreover, the disadvantages of conventional open surgery are extensive, examples including tissue injuries or secondary instability, with limited outcomes and significant reoperation rates. With the development and improvement of surgical tools, various minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) methods, including indirect decompression techniques of interspinous process devices (IPDs) and direct decompression techniques such as microscopic spine surgery or endoscopic spine surgery (ESS), have been updated with enhancement. IPDs, such as Superion devices, were reported to behave with comparable physical function, disability, and symptoms outcomes to laminectomy decompression. As an emerging technique of MISS, ESS has beneficial hallmarks including minimal tissue injuries, reduced complication rates, and shortened recovery periods, thus gaining popularity in recent years. ESS can be classified in terms of endoscopic hallmarks and approaches. Predictably, with the continuous development and gradual maturity, MISS is expected to replace traditional open surgery widely in the surgical treatment of LSS associated with DS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- grid.489934.bDepartment of Orthopaedics, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, 721008 Shaanxi China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, 710061 Shaanxi China
| | - Tang-Fen Liu
- grid.449637.b0000 0004 0646 966XInstitute of Integrative Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xixian District, Xi’an, 712046 Shaanxi China
| | - Hua Shan
- grid.449637.b0000 0004 0646 966XInstitute of Integrative Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xixian District, Xi’an, 712046 Shaanxi China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Wan
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Orthopedics, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhe Wang
- grid.489934.bDepartment of Orthopaedics, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, 721008 Shaanxi China
| | - Omar Viswanath
- grid.134563.60000 0001 2168 186XDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ USA ,grid.64337.350000 0001 0662 7451Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA USA ,Valley Pain Consultants-Envision Physician Services, Phoenix, AZ USA ,grid.254748.80000 0004 1936 8876Department of Anesthesiology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE USA
| | - Antonella Paladini
- grid.158820.60000 0004 1757 2611Department of MESVA, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Hai-Qiang Wang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xixian District, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi, China.
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Moezie M, Peeri M, Homaee HM. The effects of endurance exercise training and methadone on acute and chronic pain responses in morphine-dependent rats going through the withdrawal syndrome. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-021-00749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Ruel M, Boussat B, Boudissa M, Garnier V, Bioteau C, Tonetti J, Pailhe R, Gavazzi G, Drevet S. Management of preoperative pain in elderly patients with moderate to severe cognitive deficits and hip fracture: a retrospective, monocentric study in an orthogeriatric unit. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:575. [PMID: 34666691 PMCID: PMC8524930 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02500-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with cognitive deficits are 3 times more likely to suffer a hip fracture than geriatric patients of the same age group without cognitive deficits. The persistence of perioperative pain following hip fracture is a risk factor for the occurrence of delirium, poor functional prognosis, and the development of secondary chronic pain. Patients with cognitive deficits receive 20 to 60% less analgesics than those without cognitive deficits. Our retrospective descriptive monocentric study was performed in an orthogeriatric unit on a cohort of elderly patients hospitalized for hip fracture. The aim of the study was to compare the quantity of strong opioids delivered in a morphine sulfate equivalent daily during the preoperative period after a hip fracture between cognitively intact patients and those with cognitive deficits. Results Our total population of 69 patients had a median age of 90 years old, and 46% of these patients had moderate or severe cognitive deficits. During the preoperative period, the same quantity of strong opioids was administered to both groups of patients (13.1 mg/d versus 10.8 mg/d (p = 0.38)). Patients with moderate to severe cognitive deficits more often experienced delirium during their hospitalization (p < 0.01) and received more psychotropic drugs in the first 3 postoperative days (p = 0.025). Conclusions We reported that with standardized pain management in an orthogeriatric unit, patients aged 75 years and older received the same daily average quantity of strong opioids during the preoperative period regardless of the presence of cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Ruel
- Orthogeriatric Unit, University Hospital Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
| | - Bastien Boussat
- Public Health Department, University Hospital Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Mehdi Boudissa
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery Department, University Hospital Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Virginie Garnier
- Geriatric Department, University Hospital Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Jérôme Tonetti
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery Department, University Hospital Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Régis Pailhe
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery Department, University Hospital Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Gaëtan Gavazzi
- Orthogeriatric Unit, University Hospital Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Sabine Drevet
- Orthogeriatric Unit, University Hospital Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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Powell VD, Rosenberg JM, Yaganti A, Garpestad C, Lagisetty P, Shannon C, Silveira MJ. Evaluation of Buprenorphine Rotation in Patients Receiving Long-term Opioids for Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2124152. [PMID: 34495339 PMCID: PMC8427372 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Individuals with chronic pain who use long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) are at risk of opioid use disorder and other harmful outcomes. Rotation to buprenorphine may be considered, but the outcomes of such rotation in this population have not been systematically reviewed. OBJECTIVE To synthesize the evidence on rotation to buprenorphine from full μ-opioid receptor agonists among individuals with chronic pain who were receiving LTOT, including the outcomes of precipitated opioid withdrawal, pain intensity, pain interference, treatment success, adverse events or adverse effects, mental health condition, and health care use. EVIDENCE REVIEW PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycInfo were searched from inception through November 3, 2020, for peer-reviewed original English-language research that reported the prespecified outcomes of rotation from prescribed long-term opioids to buprenorphine among individuals with chronic pain. Two independent reviewers extracted data as well as assessed risk of bias and study quality according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines. Quality of evidence was assessed with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. FINDINGS A total of 22 studies were analyzed, of which 5 (22.7%) were randomized clinical trials, 7 (31.8%) were case-control or cohort studies, and 10 (45.5%) were uncontrolled pre-post studies, which involved 1616 unique participants (675 female [41.8%] and 941 male [58.2%] individuals). Six of the 22 studies (27.3%) were primary or secondary analyses of a large randomized clinical trial. Participants had diverse pain and opioid use histories. Rationale for buprenorphine rotation included inadequate analgesia, intolerable adverse effects, risky opioid regimens (eg, high dose and/or sedative coprescriptions), and aberrant opioid use. Most protocols were adapted from protocols for initiating treatment in patients with opioid use disorder and used buccal or sublingual buprenorphine. Very low-quality evidence suggested that buprenorphine rotation was associated with maintained or improved analgesia, with a low risk of precipitating opioid withdrawal. Steady-dose buprenorphine was better tolerated than tapered-dose buprenorphine. Adverse effects were manageable, and severe adverse events were rare. Only 2 studies evaluated mental health outcomes, but none evaluated health care use. Limitations included a high risk of bias in most studies. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this systematic review, buprenorphine was associated with reduced chronic pain intensity without precipitating opioid withdrawal in individuals with chronic pain who were receiving LTOT. Future studies are necessary to ascertain the ideal starting dose, formulation, and administration frequency of buprenorphine as well as the best approach to buprenorphine rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria D. Powell
- Palliative Care Program, Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Geriatrics Research, Education, and Clinical Center, LTC Charles S. Kettles Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jack M. Rosenberg
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, LTC Charles S. Kettles VA Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Anesthesiology, LTC Charles S. Kettles VA Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Avani Yaganti
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | | | - Pooja Lagisetty
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Center for Clinical Management and Research, Ann Arbor VA, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Carol Shannon
- Taubman Health Sciences Library, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Maria J. Silveira
- Palliative Care Program, Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Geriatrics Research, Education, and Clinical Center, LTC Charles S. Kettles Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Narcotic Use for Acute Postoperative Pain Management in Mohs Micrographic Surgery Patients With End Stage Renal Disease: A Review of the Literature. Dermatol Surg 2021; 47:454-461. [PMID: 33625143 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000002949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uncontrolled acute postoperative pain presents a significant management challenge when opioids are used in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Currently, there is a lack of quality pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data regarding opioid medication use in ESRD patients to optimize safe and effective management. OBJECTIVE To review the published literature on pharmacologic evidence for and against the use of opioid medications for acute postoperative pain following Mohs micrographic surgery in ESRD patients. METHODS A search of PubMed was conducted to identify articles on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of opioid pain medications in ESRD patients through March 1, 2020. RESULTS Seventy-five articles were reviewed. Limited data exist on opioids safe for use in ESRD and are mostly confined to small case series. Studies suggest tramadol and hydromorphone could be considered when indicated. Methadone may be a safe option, but should be reserved for treatment coordinated by a trained pain subspecialist. CONCLUSION Randomized clinical trials are lacking. Studies that are available are not sufficient to perform a quantitative methodologic approach. Evidence supports the judicious use of postoperative opioid medications in ESRD patients at the lowest possible dose to achieve clinically meaningful improvement in pain and function.
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Caulkins JP. Radical technological breakthroughs in drugs and drug markets: The cases of cannabis and fentanyl. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2021; 94:103162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Naik BI, Kuck K, Saager L, Kheterpal S, Domino KB, Posner KL, Sinha A, Stuart A, Brummett CM, Durieux ME, Vaughn MT, Pace NL. Practice Patterns and Variability in Intraoperative Opioid Utilization: A Report From the Multicenter Perioperative Outcomes Group. Anesth Analg 2021; 134:8-17. [PMID: 34291737 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000005663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioids remain the primary mode of analgesia intraoperatively. There are limited data on how patient, procedural, and institutional characteristics influence intraoperative opioid administration. The aim of this retrospective, longitudinal study from 2012 to 2016 was to assess how intraoperative opioid dosing varies by patient and clinical care factors and across multiple institutions over time. METHODS Demographic, surgical procedural, anesthetic technique, and intraoperative analgesia data as putative variables of intraoperative opioid utilization were collected from 10 institutions. Log parenteral morphine equivalents (PME) was modeled in a multivariable linear regression model as a function of 15 covariates: 3 continuous covariates (age, anesthesia duration, year) and 12 factor covariates (peripheral block, neuraxial block, general anesthesia, emergency status, race, sex, remifentanil infusion, major surgery, American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] physical status, non-opioid analgesic count, Multicenter Perioperative Outcomes Group [MPOG] institution, surgery category). One interaction (year by MPOG institution) was included in the model. The regression model adjusted simultaneously for all included variables. Comparison of levels within a factor were reported as a ratio of medians with 95% credible intervals (CrI). RESULTS A total of 1,104,324 cases between January 2012 and December 2016 were analyzed. The median (interquartile range) PME and standardized by weight PME per case for the study period were 15 (10-28) mg and 200 (111-347) μg/kg, respectively. As estimated in the multivariable model, there was a sustained decrease in opioid use (mean, 95% CrI) dropping from 152 (151-153) μg/kg in 2012 to 129 (129-130) μg/kg in 2016. The percent of variability in PME due to institution was 25.6% (24.8%-26.5%). Less opioids were prescribed in men (130 [129-130] μg/kg) than women (144 [143-145] μg/kg). The men to women PME ratio was 0.90 (0.89-0.90). There was substantial variability in PME administration among institutions, with the lowest being 80 (79-81) μg/kg and the highest being 186 (184-187) μg/kg; this is a PME ratio of 0.43 (0.42-0.43). CONCLUSIONS We observed a reduction in intraoperative opioid administration over time, with variability in dose ranging between sexes and by procedure type. Furthermore, there was substantial variability in opioid use between institutions even when adjusting for multiple variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhiken I Naik
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Neurosurgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Kai Kuck
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Leif Saager
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sachin Kheterpal
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Karen B Domino
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Karen L Posner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Anik Sinha
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ami Stuart
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Chad M Brummett
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Marcel E Durieux
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Neurosurgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Michelle T Vaughn
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Nathan L Pace
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Comparison of opioid prescribing upon hospital discharge in patients receiving tapentadol versus oxycodone following orthopaedic surgery. Int J Clin Pharm 2021; 43:1602-1608. [PMID: 34089144 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-021-01290-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Background The changing of opioids during the transition of care from hospital to home may be associated with harm. Objective To compare patients receiving tapentadol IR versus oxycodone IR following orthopaedic surgery during hospitalisation with regard to the changing of opioids at hospital discharge. Setting A major metropolitan tertiary referral hospital in Australia. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study. Participants included adult orthopaedic surgery patients receiving postoperative tapentadol IR or oxycodone IR during hospitalisation between 1 January 2018 and 30 June 2019. Main outcome measure The proportion of patients for whom the opioid prescribed was changed at hospital discharge. Results The study cohort included 199 patients. Of these, 100 patients received oxycodone and 99 patients received tapentadol post-operatively during hospitalisation. The mean age was 66 years (SD, 12 years) and 111 (56%) were female. The most common surgeries were total knee arthroplasty (91, 46%), total hip arthroplasty (63, 32%) and shoulder surgery (26, 13%). Patients in the tapentadol group were more likely to be changed to a different opioid upon hospital discharge than the oxycodone group (57% versus 9%, difference 48% [95% CI 36-59%, p < 0.01). After adjusting for confounders, post-operative tapentadol use was more likely to be associated with opioid changing upon discharge (OR 16.5, 95% CI 6.7 to 40.8, p < 0.01). Conclusions The post-operative use of tapentadol IR during hospitalisation was associated with an increased likelihood of opioid changing at hospital discharge. This practice could have patient safety implications.
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Rugytė D, Širvinskienė G, Kregždytė R. The Behavioral Problems in 2.5-5 Years Old Children Linked with Former Neonatal/Infantile Surgical Parameters. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8050423. [PMID: 34065274 PMCID: PMC8160720 DOI: 10.3390/children8050423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Studies report the link between exposure to major neonatal surgery and the risk of later neurodevelopmental disorders. The aim of this study was to find out the behavioral problem scores of 2.5–5 years old children who had undergone median/major non-cardiac surgery before the age of 90 days, and to relate these to intraoperative cerebral tissue oxygenation values (rSO2), perioperative duration of mechanical ventilation (DMV) and doses of sedative/analgesic agents. Internalizing (IP) and externalizing problems (EP) of 34 children were assessed using the CBCL for ages 1½–5. Median (range) IP and EP scores were 8.5 (2–42) and 15.5 (5–33), respectively and did not correlate with intraoperative rSO2. DMV correlated and was predictive for EP (β (95% CI) 0.095 (0.043; 0.148)). An aggregate variable “opioid dose per days of ventilation” was predictive for EP after adjusting for patients’ gestational age and age at the day of psychological assessment, after further adjustment for age at the day of surgery and for cumulative dose of benzodiazepines (β (95% CI 0.009 (0.003; 0.014) and 0.008 (0.002; 0.014), respectively). Neonatal/infantile intraoperative cerebral oxygenation was not associated with later behavioral problems. The risk factors for externalizing problems appeared to be similar to the risk factors in preterm infant population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danguolė Rugytė
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence:
| | - Giedrė Širvinskienė
- Department of Health Psychology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Health Research Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rima Kregždytė
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Bringing Palliative Care Downstairs: A Case-Based Approach to Applying Palliative Care Principles to Emergency Department Practice. Adv Emerg Nurs J 2021; 42:215-224. [PMID: 32739951 DOI: 10.1097/tme.0000000000000307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Although the emergency department (ED) may not be traditionally thought of as the ideal setting for the initiation of palliative care, it is the place where patients most frequently seek urgent care for recurrent issues such as pain crisis. Even if the patients' goals of care are nonaggressive, their caregivers may bring them to the ED because of their own distress at witnessing the patients' suffering. Emergency department providers, who are trained to focus on the stabilization of acute medical crises, may find themselves frustrated with repeat visits by patients with chronic problems. Therefore, it is important for ED providers to be comfortable discussing goals of care, to be adept at symptom management for chronic conditions, and to involve palliative care consultants in the ED course when appropriate. Nurse practitioners, with training rooted in the holistic tradition of nursing, may be uniquely suited to lead this shift in the practice paradigm. This article presents case vignettes of 4 commonly encountered ED patient types to examine how palliative care principles might be applied in the ED.
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Zhang Y, Liu T, Zhou Y, Yu Y, Chen G. Analgesic efficacy and safety of erector spinae plane block in breast cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Anesthesiol 2021; 21:59. [PMID: 33610172 PMCID: PMC7896394 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-021-01277-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Surgical resection is considered to be the primary and most effective therapy for breast cancer, postoperative pain is an issue gaining significant attention. In recent years, erector spinae plane block (ESPB) has attracted much attention in postoperative analgesia, but its effectiveness is still controversial. This meta-analysis was implemented to verify the clinical analgesic efficacy and safety of erector spinae plane block in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery. Methods We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing ESPB with general anesthesia (GA) in breast cancer surgery that were published before December 25, 2020. The primary outcome was opioid consumption at the first 24 h after surgery, while secondary outcomes included pain scores at 1, 6,12 and 24 h after surgery, opioid consumption at 1, 6 and 12 h after surgery, intraoperative opioid consumption, number of patients who need for rescue analgesia, and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Results Eleven randomized controlled trials involving 679 patients met the study inclusion criteria and were included in this study. In comparison to GA group, the ESPB group showed a significant reduction in morphine consumption at the first 24 h after surgery by a mean difference (MD) of − 7.67 mg [95% confidence interval (CI) − 10.35 to − 5.00] (P < 0.01). In addition, the ESPB group showed lower pain scores than the GA group in the four time periods (1, 6, 12 and 24 h after surgery). ESPB group significantly reduce the intraoperative consumption of fentanyl, the need for postoperative rescue analgesia, and the incidence of PONV. Conclusions Ultrasound-guided ESPB is an effective approach for reducing morphine consumption and pain intensity within the first 24 h after breast cancer surgery, compared with GA alone. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12871-021-01277-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310020, China
| | - Tieshuai Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310020, China
| | - Youfa Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310020, China
| | - Yijin Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310020, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310020, China.
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Lahtinen K, Reponen E, Vakkuri A, Palanne R, Rantasalo M, Linko R, Madanat R, Skants N. Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia vs nurse administered oral oxycodone after total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study. Scand J Pain 2021; 21:121-126. [PMID: 33141110 DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2020-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Severe post-operative pain is common after total knee arthroplasty. Patient-controlled analgesia is an alternative method of pain management, whereby a patient administers his or her own pain medication. Patients seem to prefer this method over nurse-administered analgesia. However, it remains unclear whether patients using patient-controlled analgesia devices use higher or lower doses of opioids compared to patients treated with oral opioids. METHODS This retrospective study examined 164 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Post-operatively, 82 patients received oxycodone via intravenous patient-controlled analgesia devices, while the pain medication for 82 patients in the control group was administered by nurses. The main outcome measure was the consumption of intravenous opioid equivalents within 24 h after surgery. Secondary outcome measures were the use of anti-emetic drugs and the length of stay. Furthermore, we evaluated opioid-related adverse event reports. RESULTS The consumption of opioids during the first 24 h after surgery and the use of anti-emetic drugs were similar in both groups. The median opioid dose of intravenous morphine equivalents was 41.1 mg (interquartile range (IQR): 29.5-69.1 mg) in the patient-controlled analgesia group and 40.5 mg (IQR: 32.4-48.6 mg) in the control group, respectively. The median length of stay was 2 days (IQR: 2-3 days) in the patient-controlled analgesia group and 3 days (IQR: 2-3 days) in the control group (p=0.02). The use of anti-emetic drugs was similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS The administration of oxycodone via intravenous patient-controlled analgesia devices does not lead to increased opioid or anti-emetic consumptions compared to nurse-administered pain medication after total knee arthroplasty. Patient-controlled analgesia might lead to shortened length of stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Lahtinen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Peijas Hospital, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Elina Reponen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Peijas Hospital, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Anne Vakkuri
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Peijas Hospital, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Riku Palanne
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Peijas Hospital, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Mikko Rantasalo
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Peijas Hospital, Arthroplasty Centre, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Rita Linko
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Peijas Hospital, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Rami Madanat
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Peijas Hospital, Arthroplasty Centre, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Noora Skants
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Peijas Hospital, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Vantaa, Finland
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Tan HS, Taylor C, Weikel D, Barton K, Habib AS. Quadratus lumborum block for postoperative analgesia after cesarean delivery: A systematic review with meta-analysis and trial-sequential analysis. J Clin Anesth 2020; 67:110003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2020.110003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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McMullan J, Droege C, Strilka R, Hart K, Lindsell C. Intranasal Ketamine as an Adjunct to Fentanyl for the Prehospital Treatment of Acute Traumatic Pain: Design and Rationale of a Randomized Controlled Trial. PREHOSP EMERG CARE 2020; 25:519-529. [PMID: 32772873 DOI: 10.1080/10903127.2020.1808746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Acute pain management is fundamental in prehospital trauma care. Early pain control may decrease the risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic pain. Fentanyl and ketamine are frequently used off-label, but there is a paucity of comparative data to guide decision-making about treatment of prehospital severe, acute pain. This trial will determine whether the addition of single dose of intranasal ketamine to fentanyl is more effective for the treatment of acute traumatic pain than administration of fentanyl alone.Methods: This two-part study consists of prehospital and 90-day follow-up components (NCT02866071). The prehospital trial is a blinded, randomized, controlled trial of adult men (age 18-65 years) rating pain ≥7/10 after an acute traumatic injury of any type. Women will be excluded due to inability to confirm pregnancy status and unknown fetal risk. Paramedics will screen patients receiving standard of care fentanyl and, after obtaining standard informed consent, administer 50 mg intranasal ketamine or matching volume saline as placebo. Upon emergency department (ED) arrival, research associates will serially assess pain, concomitant treatments, and adverse side effects. Enrolled subjects will be approached for consent to participate in the 90-day follow-up study to determine rates of PTSD and chronic pain development. The primary outcome of the prehospital study is reduction in pain on the Verbal Numerical Rating Scale between baseline and 30-minutes after study drug administration. The proportion achieving a reduction of ≥2-points will be compared between study arms using a Chi-square test. Secondary outcomes of the prehospital trial include reduction in reported pain at the time of ED arrival and at 30 minutes intervals for up to three hours of ED care, the incidence of adverse events, and additional opiate requirements prior to ED arrival and within the first three hours of ED care. The outcomes in the follow-up study are satisfaction with life and development of PTSD or chronic pain at 90 days after injury. An intention-to-treat approach will be used.Conclusion: These studies will test the hypotheses that ketamine plus fentanyl, when compared to fentanyl alone, effectively manages pain, decreases opiate requirements, and decreases PTSD at 90 days.
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Burt BM, Palivela N, Cekmecelioglu D, Paily P, Najafi B, Lee HS, Montero M. Safety of robotic first rib resection for thoracic outlet syndrome. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 162:1297-1305.e1. [PMID: 33046231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.08.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Robotic first rib resection (R-FRR) is an emerging approach in the field of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) that has technical advantages over traditional open approaches, including superior exposure of the first rib and freedom from retracting neurovascular structures. We set out to define the safety of R-FRR and compare it with that of the conventional supraclavicular approach (SC-FRR). METHODS We queried a prospectively maintained, single-surgeon, single-institution database for all FRR operations performed for neurogenic TOS and venous TOS. Preoperative, intraoperative, and complications were compared between approaches. RESULTS Seventy-two R-FRRs and 51 SC-FRRs were performed in 66 and 50 patients, respectively. These groups were not significantly different in age, body mass index, sex, type of TOS, or preoperative use of opioids. Length of procedure and hospital stay were not different between groups. Postoperative inpatient self-reported pain (visual analog scale score 4.7 vs 5.2; P = .049) and administered morphine milligram equivalents (37.5 vs 81.1 MME, P < .001) were significantly lower in R-FRR than SC-FRR. Brachial plexus palsy was less frequent after R-FRR than SC-FRR (1% vs 18%, P = .002) and resolved by 4 months in call cases. All cases were sensory palsies with the exception of 2 motor palsies, which were both in the SC-FRR group. In multivariable analyses, R-FRR was independently associated with less frequent total complications than SC-FRR (P = .002; odds ratio, 0.08; 95% confidence interval, 0.02-0.39). CONCLUSIONS R-FRR provides outstanding exposure of the first rib and eliminates retraction of the brachial plexus and its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan M Burt
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.
| | - Nihanth Palivela
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Davut Cekmecelioglu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Paul Paily
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Bijan Najafi
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Hyun-Sung Lee
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Miguel Montero
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
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Improving quality in colon and rectal surgery through palliative care. SEMINARS IN COLON AND RECTAL SURGERY 2020; 31:100783. [PMID: 33041605 PMCID: PMC7531922 DOI: 10.1016/j.scrs.2020.100783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Palliative care is a medical discipline that emphasizes quality of life and can be provided in parallel with recovery-directed treatments in colon and rectal surgery. Palliative care is receiving increasing attention and investigation for its potential to improve quality and outcomes for a wide spectrum of patients by benefiting symptom management, supporting complex health care decision making and facilitating care transitions. Primary palliative care refers to the application of palliative care principles by clinicians of all disciplines whereas specialty palliative care is a multidisciplinary approach and includes a clinician with advanced training and experience.
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Meijer FS, Niesters M, van Velzen M, Martini CH, Olofsen E, Edry R, Sessler DI, van Dorp ELA, Dahan A, Boon M. Does nociception monitor-guided anesthesia affect opioid consumption? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Clin Monit Comput 2020; 34:629-641. [PMID: 31327102 PMCID: PMC7367908 DOI: 10.1007/s10877-019-00362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Monitors that estimate nociception during anesthesia may be used to guide opioid and other analgesics administration to optimize anesthesia care and possibly outcome. We reviewed the literature to evaluate current evidence of the effect of nociception-guided management over standard anesthesia practice during surgery. A systematic review of the literature on the effect of nociception monitoring on anesthesia practice was conducted. Reports were eligible if they compared nociception-guided anesthesia to standard practice during surgery. Primary endpoint of this review is intraoperative opioid consumption. Secondary endpoints included hemodynamic control, postoperative pain and pain treatment. We identified 12 randomized controlled trials that compared one of five different nociception monitoring techniques to standard anesthesia care. Most studies were single center studies of small sample size. Six studies reported intraoperative opioid consumption as primary outcome. There was considerable variability with respect to surgical procedure and anesthesia technique. For nociception monitors that were investigated by more than one study, analysis of the pooled data was performed. The surgical plethysmographic index was the only monitor for which an intra operative opioid sparing effect was found. For the other monitors, either no effect was detected, or pooled analysis could not be performed due to paucity of study data. On secondary outcomes, no consistent effect of nociception-guided anesthesia could be established. Although some nociception monitors show promising results, no definitive conclusions regarding the effect of nociception monitoring on intraoperative opioid consumption or other anesthesia related outcome can be drawn.Clinical trial number PROSPERO ID 102913.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fleur S. Meijer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2 (Postal Zone H5-Q), 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Niesters
- Department of Anesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2 (Postal Zone H5-Q), 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Monique van Velzen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2 (Postal Zone H5-Q), 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Chris H. Martini
- Department of Anesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2 (Postal Zone H5-Q), 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Olofsen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2 (Postal Zone H5-Q), 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ruth Edry
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Medical Centre, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Daniel I. Sessler
- Department of Outcomes Research, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Eveline L. A. van Dorp
- Department of Anesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2 (Postal Zone H5-Q), 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Dahan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2 (Postal Zone H5-Q), 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Boon
- Department of Anesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2 (Postal Zone H5-Q), 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Wu J, Guan T, Tian F, Liu X. Comparision of biportal endoscopic and microscopic decompression in treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis: A comparative study protocol. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21309. [PMID: 32791717 PMCID: PMC7387062 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microscopic bilateral decompression (MBD) has been suggested as an alternative to open laminectomy and fusion. Recently, percutaneous biportal endoscopic decompression (PBED) has begun to attract attention. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate postoperative pain, functional disability, symptom reduction and satisfaction, and specific surgical parameters between the MBD and PBED techniques in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). METHODS A retrospective review of LSS patients performed with MBD or PBED technique between May 2015 and June 2018 was conducted. Institutional review board approval in People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Nationality Autonomous Region was obtained prior to conducting chart review and analysis. We received informed consent from all patients before surgery. The primary outcomes assessed were the preoperative to postoperative changes in leg/back pain and disability/function, patient satisfaction with the procedure, and postoperative quality of life. The secondary outcomes including duration of postoperative hospital stay, time to mobilization, postoperative analgesic use, complication rates, and baseline patient characteristics were prospectively collected. RESULTS The hypothesis was that the PBED technique would achieve better clinical outcomes as compared to the MBD technique in LSS.
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Chen T, Zhou G, Chen Z, Yao X, Liu D. Biportal endoscopic decompression vs. microscopic decompression for lumbar canal stenosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:2743-2751. [PMID: 32765769 PMCID: PMC7401848 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lumbar decompressive surgery is the gold standard treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis. Minimally invasive surgical techniques have been introduced with the aim of reducing the morbidity associated with open surgery. The purpose of the present study was to systematically search the literature and perform a meta-analysis of studies comparing the outcomes between biportal endoscopic technique and microscopic technique for lumbar canal stenosis decompression. A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Embase and the Cochrane Library databases was performed to identify relevant articles up to 15th of December 2019. Eligible studies were retrieved, data were extracted by two authors independently and risks of bias were assessed. A total of six studies involving 438 patients were selected for review. The results of the pooled analysis indicated similar operative times [mean difference (MD), -3.41; 95% CI, -10.78-3.96; P<0.36], similar complications (MD, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.33-1.46; P=0.34), similar visual analogue scale scores for back and leg pain at the time of the final follow-up and similar Oswestry disability indexes (MD, -0.28; 95% CI, -1.25-0.69; P=0.58) for the two procedures. In conclusion, biportal endoscopic technique is a viable alternative to microscopic technique for lumbar canal stenosis decompression with similar operative time, clinical outcomes and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiewu Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
| | - Guoqing Zhou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
| | - Zhineng Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
| | - Xinmiao Yao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- Depatment of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
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Guo J, Yuan F, Yang Y, Li Y, Bao F, Guo X, Feng Z. Genetic Polymorphisms of Cytokines Might Affect Postoperative Sufentanil Dosage for Analgesia in Patients. J Pain Res 2020; 13:1461-1470. [PMID: 32606912 PMCID: PMC7305826 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s250174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the effect of genetic polymorphisms of cytokines on the dosage of sufentanil for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) after radical lung cancer surgery. Methods A total of 100 patients, aged 18 years and above, with ASA grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ and body mass index (BMI) 18.5 to 30, and who were scheduled for radical lung cancer surgery under total intravenous anaesthesia with PCIA of sufentanil from September 2015 to March 2016, were selected. DNA was collected from peripheral blood samples before surgery, and the iMLDRTM multiple single-nucleotide polymorphism typing kit was used to detect 16 related single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites of interleukin-1A (IL-1A), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-1RN (IL-1RN), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumour necrosis factor (TNF), nuclear factor kappa-B1 (NFκB1), REL (REL proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit), and nuclear factor kappa-B inhibitor alpha (NFκBIA). The general characteristics of patients, surgery and anaesthesia data, postoperative resting VAS pain scores, postoperative opioid dosages of sufentanil for PCIA and opioid-related adverse events were recorded. The effects of the examined genetic polymorphisms of the cytokines on the dosage of sufentanil were analysed. Results Eight of 100 patients withdrew for various reasons, and, eventually, 92 patients were included. The patients’ resting visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after surgery were 2.3 ± 1.2, 2.0 ± 0.9, and 1.9 ± 1.0, respectively. The total amounts of sufentanil used were 34.7 ± 10.5 μg, 65.2 ± 13.7 μg, and 94.7 ± 11.6 μg, respectively. We found that the TT genotype of NFκBIA rs696 had higher PCIA sufentanil dosages than the CC genotype and the CT genotype at 48–72 h postoperation (p=0.023, p=0.025, respectively). Conclusion The genetic polymorphisms of the cytokine NFκBIA rs696 might affect the dosage of sufentanil for PCIA after radical lung cancer surgery. The specific mechanism needs further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Guo
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixin Yang
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunze Li
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangping Bao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Guo
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiying Feng
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, People's Republic of China
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Quadratus lumborum block for postoperative analgesia after cesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Obstet Anesth 2020; 42:87-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Min WK, Kim JE, Choi DJ, Park EJ, Heo J. Clinical and radiological outcomes between biportal endoscopic decompression and microscopic decompression in lumbar spinal stenosis. J Orthop Sci 2020; 25:371-378. [PMID: 31255456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Numerous minimal invasive techniques treating lumbar spinal stenosis have been introduced. Clinical results using biportal endoscopic spinal surgery has recently been introduced as a treatment option for lumbar spinal stenosis. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and radiologic outcome between microscopic unilateral laminotomy bilateral decompression and biportal endoscopic unilateral laminotomy bilateral decompression in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. METHOD A total of 89 patients were evaluated for this study. Only single-level patients were enrolled for accurate comparison. Patients that underwent biportal endoscopic surgery were assigned to Group A, and patients that underwent microscopic surgery were designated Group B. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using modified Macnab criteria, Oswestry Disability Index, and Visual Analog Scale. Postoperative complications were checked until final follow up. Plain radiographs before and after surgery were compared to analyze the change of alignment. RESULT There was a significant difference between Group A and B in VAS of back on postoperative 2 months. Other clinical measurements except for postoperative 2 months VAS of back showed no significant difference. There were no significant differences between Group A and Group B regarding preoperative and postoperative radiological findings. CONCLUSION Two different decompression techniques preserve the spinal structure and exhibit a favorable clinical outcome and have the advantage of not causing postoperative instability in the short term follow up. Biportal endoscopic surgery may leads to less postoperative back pain than microscopic surgery, which may allow early ambulation and shorter hospitalization period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Kie Min
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Eun Kim
- Himnaera Hospital, Pusan, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Eugene J Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Heo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
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Thota RS, Ramanjulu R, Ahmed A, Jain P, Salins N, Bhatnagar S, Chatterjee A, Bhattacharya D. Indian Society for Study of Pain, Cancer Pain Special Interest Group Guidelines on Pharmacological Management of Cancer Pain (Part II). Indian J Palliat Care 2020; 26:180-190. [PMID: 32874031 PMCID: PMC7444569 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1075.285693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The Indian Society for Study of Pain (ISSP), Cancer Pain Special Interest Group (SIG) guidelines on pharmacological management of cancer pain in adults provide a structured, stepwise approach, which will help to improve the management of cancer pain and to provide the patients with a minimally acceptable quality of life. The guidelines have been developed based on the available literature and evidence, to suit the needs, patient population, and situations in India. A questionnaire, based on the key elements of each sub draft addressing certain inconclusive areas where evidence was lacking, was made available on the ISSP website and circulated by e-mail to all the ISSP and Indian Association of Palliative Care members. We recommend that analgesics for cancer pain management should follow the World Health Organization 3-step analgesic ladder appropriate for the severity of pain. The use of paracetamol and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs alone or in combination with opioids for mild-to-moderate pain should be used. For mild-to-moderate pain, weak opioids such as tramadol, tapentadol, and codeine can be given in combination with nonopioid analgesics. We recommend morphine as the opioid of the first choice for moderate-to-severe cancer pain. Sustained-release formulations can be started 12 hourly, once the effective 24 h dose with immediate-release morphine is established. Opioid switch or rotation should be considered if there is inadequate analgesia or intolerable side effects. For opioid-induced respiratory depression, μ receptor antagonists (e.g. naloxone) must be used promptly. Antidepressants and/or anticonvulsants should be used to treat neuropathic cancer pain, and the dose should be titrated according to the clinical response and side effects. External beam radiotherapy should be offered to all patients with painful metastatic bone pain. There is evidence on use of ketamine in cancer neuropathic pain, but with no beneficial effect, thus, it is not recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu S Thota
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Raghavendra Ramanjulu
- Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Cytecare Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Arif Ahmed
- Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, CK Birla Hospital for Women, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Parmanand Jain
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Naveen Salins
- Department of Palliative Medicine and Supportive Care, Manipal Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushma Bhatnagar
- Department of Onco-Anaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, Dr. B. R. A. Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Aparna Chatterjee
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dipasri Bhattacharya
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain, R. G. Kar Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Sun Q, Liu S, Wu H, Kang W, Dong S, Cui Y, Pan Z, Liu K. Clinical analgesic efficacy of pectoral nerve block in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19614. [PMID: 32243387 PMCID: PMC7440076 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, and more than half of breast surgery patients experience severe acute postoperative pain. This meta-analysis is designed to examine the clinical analgesic efficacy of Pecs block in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery. METHODS An electronic literature search of the Library of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases was conducted to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to November 2018. These RCTs compared the effect of Pecs block in combination with general anesthesia (GA) to GA alone in mastectomy surgery. Pain scores, intraoperative and postoperative opioid consumption, time to first request for analgesia, and incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting were analyzed. RESULTS Thirteen RCTs with 940 patients were included in our analysis. The use of Pecs block significantly reduced pain scores in the postanesthesia care unit (weighted mean difference [WMD] = -1.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], -2.90 to -0.91; P < .001) and at 24 hours after surgery (WMD = -1.01; 95% CI, -1.64 to -0.38; P < .001). Moreover, Pecs block decreased postoperative opioid consumption in the postanesthesia care unit (WMD = -1.93; 95% CI, -3.51 to -0.34; P = .017) and at 24 hours (WMD = -11.88; 95% CI, -15.50 to -8.26; P < .001). Pecs block also reduced intraoperative opioid consumption (WMD = -85.52; 95% CI, -121.47 to -49.56; P < .001) and prolonged the time to first analgesic request (WMD = 296.69; 95% CI, 139.91-453.48; P < .001). There were no statistically significant differences in postoperative nausea and vomiting and block-related complications. CONCLUSIONS Adding Pecs block to GA procedure results in lower pain scores, less opioid consumption and longer time to first analgesic request in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery compared to GA procedure alone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huiying Wu
- Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun
| | - Wenyue Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hainan Provincial People's Hospital, Hainan
| | | | | | | | - Kexiang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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McKee MD, Nielsen A, Anderson B, Chuang E, Connolly M, Gao Q, Gil EN, Lechuga C, Kim M, Naqvi H, Kligler B. Individual vs. Group Delivery of Acupuncture Therapy for Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain in Urban Primary Care-a Randomized Trial. J Gen Intern Med 2020; 35:1227-1237. [PMID: 32076985 PMCID: PMC7174252 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-019-05583-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acupuncture has been shown to be effective for the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal back, neck, and osteoarthritis pain. However, access to acupuncture treatment has been limited in medically underserved and low-income populations. OBJECTIVE Acupuncture therapy delivered in groups could reduce cost and expand access. We compared the effectiveness of group versus individual acupuncture for pain and function among ethnically diverse, low-income primary care patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. DESIGN This was a randomized comparative effectiveness non-inferiority trial in 6 Bronx primary care community health centers. Participants with chronic (> 3 months) back, neck, or osteoarthritis pain were randomly assigned to individual or group acupuncture therapy for 12 weeks. PARTICIPANTS Seven hundred seventy-nine participants were randomized. Mean age was 54.8 years. 35.3% of participants identified as black and 56.9% identified as Latino. Seventy-six percent were Medicaid insured, 60% reported poor/fair health, and 37% were unable to work due to disability. INTERVENTIONS Participants received weekly acupuncture treatment in either group or individual setting for 12 weeks. MAIN MEASURES Primary outcome was pain interference on the Brief Pain Inventory at 12 weeks; secondary outcomes were pain severity (BPI), physical and mental well-being (PROMIS-10), and opiate use. Outcome measures were collected at baseline, 12 and 24 weeks. KEY RESULTS 37.5% of individual arm and 30.3% in group had > 30% improvement in pain interference (d = 7.2%, 95% CI - 0.6%, 15.1%). Non-inferiority of group acupuncture was not demonstrated for the primary outcome assuming a margin of 10%. In the responder analysis of physical well-being, 63.1% of individual participants and 59.5% of group had clinically important improvement at 12 weeks (d = 3.6%, 95% CI - 4.2%, 11.4%). CONCLUSIONS Both individual and group acupuncture therapy delivered in primary care settings reduced chronic pain and improved physical function at 12 weeks; non-inferiority of group was not shown. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov # NCT02456727.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Diane McKee
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, USA
| | - Arya Nielsen
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Belinda Anderson
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
- Pacific College of Oriental Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Elizabeth Chuang
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Mariel Connolly
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Eric N Gil
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Claudia Lechuga
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Mimi Kim
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Huma Naqvi
- Department of Rehab Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Benjamin Kligler
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Integrative Health Coordinating Center , U.S. Veterans Health Administration, Washington, D.C., USA
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