1
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Cernosek T, Dalphin M, Jain N, Richter N, Beard S, Wang J, Osborne J, Stone T, Mellal M, Behrens S, Wunderli P. Analytical Quality by Design as applied to the development of a SEC-HPLC platform procedure for the determination of monoclonal antibody purity without mobile phase additives. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 246:116220. [PMID: 38795426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
This work presents the application of AQbD principles to the development of a size exclusion chromatography (SEC) HPLC procedure for the determination of monoclonal antibody (mAb) product purity using state-of-the-art column technology available via the Waters™ XBridge Premier Protein SEC column. Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) emphasizes a systematic, risk-based lifecycle approach to analytical procedure development based on sound statistical methodologies. It has recently become increasingly recommended by regulatory agencies as a response to the need for greater efficiency, improved reliability, and increased robustness among modern analytical procedures in the pharmaceutical industry. Use of an Analytical Target Profile (ATP) and formal risk assessments informed the application of Design of Experiments (DoE) to optimize this analytical procedure, as well as assess its robustness and ruggedness. Importantly, our ruggedness results demonstrated the transferability of this procedure between two laboratories within the Catalent Biologics Global Network. Application of this analytical procedure as a platform approach for evaluating mAb purity is expected to support expedited, first-in-human timelines of mAb molecules by enabling great quantitative performance with simple mobile phase buffer compositions. Taken together, this case study demonstrates the utility of adopting AQbD principles in analytical procedure development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terezie Cernosek
- Catalent Biologics, Madison, WI, USA; Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Life Sciences, Claremont, CA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Todd Stone
- Catalent Biologics, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | | | - Sue Behrens
- Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Life Sciences, Claremont, CA, USA
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2
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Nompari L, Coccone SS, Sardone GL, Corrado A, Berti S, Biagini M, Rovini M, Magagnoli C, Cianetti S, Orlandini S, Furlanetto S, De Ricco R. Innovative Reversed-Phase Chromatography Platform Approach for the Fast and Accurate Characterization of Membrane Vesicles' Protein Patterns. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:1584-1594. [PMID: 38751636 PMCID: PMC11091982 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have been widely explored to develop vaccine candidates for bacterial pathogens due to their ability to combine adjuvant properties with immunogenic activity. OMV expresses a variety of proteins and carbohydrate antigens on their surfaces. For this reason, there is an analytical need to thoroughly characterize the species expressed at their surface: we here present a simple and accurate reversed-phase ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (RP-UPLC) method developed according to quality by design principles. This work provides an analytical alternative to the classical sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) characterization. The higher selectivity and sensitivity of the RP-UHPLC assay allow for the identification of additional protein species with respect to SDS-PAGE and facilitate its precise relative abundance quantification. According to validation results, the assay showed high accuracy, linearity, precision, repeatability, and a limit of quantification of 1% for less abundant proteins. This performance paves the way for improved production campaign consistency while also being analytically simple (no sample pretreatment required), making it suitable for routine quality control testing. In addition, the applicability of the assay to a wider range of vesicle classes (GMMA) was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Nompari
- GSK,
Technical Research and Development (TRD), Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | - Gian Luca Sardone
- GSK,
Technical Research and Development (TRD), Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alessio Corrado
- GSK,
Technical Research and Development (TRD), Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Stefania Berti
- GSK,
Technical Research and Development (TRD), Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Biagini
- GSK,
Technical Research and Development (TRD), Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Michele Rovini
- GSK,
Technical Research and Development (TRD), Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Claudia Magagnoli
- GSK,
Technical Research and Development (TRD), Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Simona Cianetti
- GSK,
Technical Research and Development (TRD), Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Serena Orlandini
- Department
of Chemistry “U. Schiff″, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - Sandra Furlanetto
- Department
of Chemistry “U. Schiff″, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - Riccardo De Ricco
- GSK,
Technical Research and Development (TRD), Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
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3
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Nompari L, Orlandini S, Pasquini B, Fontana L, Rovini M, Masi F, Gotti R, Furlanetto S. Optimization of hydrolysis conditions of amino acid analysis for UHPLC-UV antigens content determination: Bexsero vaccine a case study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 241:115997. [PMID: 38325191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.115997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
In the present study the compositional analysis of the amino acids released by the acidic hydrolysis of the vaccine antigens was approached as an alternative to the dye-binding methods, for improvement of the quality control. In particular, the Analytical Quality by Design principles were undertaken in optimizing the hydrolysis conditions of the antigens to be applied prior to the quantitation by UHPLC-UV. Bexsero was used as a case study; it is a recombinant meningococcal B vaccine and one of its critical quality attributes is the content of the three core protein antigens, namely Neisseria Heparin Binding Antigen, factor H binding protein and Neisseria adhesin A, in the final formulation. Conventionally, the proteins quantitation is carried out by dye-binding assays. Analytical Target Profile was defined as the accurate determination of amounts of the Bexsero antigens. The Critical Method Parameters were chosen by means of the cause-effect matrix. A Face Centered Design was used to select the experiments to investigate the process and finally a Method Operable Design Region with a risk of failure of 5% was defined. The selected working point for routine use was: hydrolysis time, 17 hrs; temperature, 112 °C; 6 M HCl volume, 300 µl; antioxidant 90% phenol volume, 5 µl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Nompari
- GSK, Technical Research and Development (TRD), Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Serena Orlandini
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Benedetta Pasquini
- Ethics Committee Secretariat Officer Area Vasta Centro, AOU Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Letizia Fontana
- GSK, Technical Research and Development (TRD), Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Michele Rovini
- GSK, Technical Research and Development (TRD), Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Flavio Masi
- GSK, Technical Research and Development (TRD), Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Roberto Gotti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sandra Furlanetto
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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4
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Cernosek T, Jain N, Dalphin M, Behrens S, Wunderli P. Accelerated development of a SEC-HPLC procedure for purity analysis of monoclonal antibodies using design of experiments. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1235:124037. [PMID: 38335765 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2024.124037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The complex structure of biopharmaceutical products poses an inherent need for their thorough characterization to ensure product quality, safety, and efficacy. Analytical size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is a widely used technique throughout the development and manufacturing of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) which quantifies product size variants such as aggregates and fragments. Aggregate and fragment content are critical quality attributes (CQAs) in mAb products, as higher contents of such size heterogeneities impact product quality. Historically, SEC methods have achieved sufficient separation between the high molecular weight (HMW) species and the main product. In contrast, some low molecular weight (LMW) species are often not sufficiently different in molecular mass from the main product, making it difficult to achieve appropriate resolutions between the two species. This lack of resolution makes it difficult to consistently quantify the LMW species in mAb-based therapeutics. The following work uses a design of experiments (DoE) approach to establish a robust analytical SEC procedure by evaluating SEC column types and mobile phase compositions using two mAb products with different physiochemical properties. The resulting optimized procedure using a Waters™ BioResolve column exhibits an improved ability to resolve and quantify mAb size variants, highlighting improvement in the resolution of the LMW species. Additionally, the addition of L-arginine as a mobile phase additive showed to reduce secondary interactions and was beneficial in increasing the recoveries of the HMW species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terezie Cernosek
- Catalent Biologics, Madison, WI, USA; Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Life Sciences, Claremont, CA, USA.
| | | | | | - Sue Behrens
- Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Life Sciences, Claremont, CA, USA
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5
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Chen H, Wang R, McElderry JD. Discriminative Dissolution Method Development Through an aQbD Approach. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:255. [PMID: 38066324 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02692-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Using a one-factor-at-a-time approach for dissolution method and discrimination analysis can be time-consuming and may not yield the optimal and discriminative method. To address this, we have developed a two-stage workflow for the dissolution method development followed by demonstration of discrimination power through an analytical Quality by Design (aQbD) approach. In the first stage, an optimal dissolution method was achieved by determining the method operable design region (MODR) through a design of experiment study of the high-risk method-related parameters. In the second stage, we established a Formulation-Discrimination Correlation Diagram strategy to examine the method discrimination capability, through which one can determine the method discriminative design region (MDDR) and visualize the impact of each formulation parameter and their interactions on dissolution. The application of aQbD principles into a workflow provides a scientific-driven guidance for robust method development and demonstrating discrimination power for dissolution methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Chen
- Analytical Development, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02142, USA.
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, 38163, USA
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6
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Chiarentin L, Cardoso C, Miranda M, Vitorino C. Rheology of Complex Topical Formulations: An Analytical Quality by Design Approach to Method Optimization and Validation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1810. [PMID: 37513997 PMCID: PMC10385475 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Analytical method validation ensures that a method provides trustworthy information about a particular sample when applied in accordance with the predefined protocol. According to regulatory standards, the rheological characteristics of topically applied semisolid formulations are one of the key elements involved in microstructure equivalence documentation. Therefore, for generic drug product manufacturers, it is a dire need to take a step forward in rheology method development and validation procedures. This paper aims to apply Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) principles towards the development and validation of rheology methods for topical creams, as complex semisolid formulations. Risk assessment was carried out through an Ishikawa diagram and an estimate failure mode, effects, and criticality analysis (FMECA). Sample application, peltier temperature control, and sample rest time were identified as critical method variables (CMVs), and a 23 full factorial design was applied to understand their impact on rotational, creep recovery and, oscillatory measurements. The development of the method was carried out as per the ICH Q8-Q10, and Q14 guidelines and validated according to ICH Q2 (R2) guideline. The method demonstrated adequate precision (RSD < 15%), as well as selectivity. AQbD provided a comprehensive framework for developing a reliable and effective rheology method for this type of formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Chiarentin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratórios Basi Indústria Farmacêutica S.A., Parque Industrial Manuel Lourenço Ferreira, lote 15, 3450-232 Mortágua, Portugal
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Institute of Molecular Sciences-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina Cardoso
- Laboratórios Basi Indústria Farmacêutica S.A., Parque Industrial Manuel Lourenço Ferreira, lote 15, 3450-232 Mortágua, Portugal
| | - Margarida Miranda
- Laboratórios Basi Indústria Farmacêutica S.A., Parque Industrial Manuel Lourenço Ferreira, lote 15, 3450-232 Mortágua, Portugal
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Institute of Molecular Sciences-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-535 Coimbra, Portugal
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - Carla Vitorino
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Institute of Molecular Sciences-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-535 Coimbra, Portugal
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7
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Adin SN, Gupta I, Aqil M, Mujeeb M. Application of QbD based approach in development and validation of RP-HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of methotrexate and baicalin in dual-drug-loaded liposomes. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5581. [PMID: 36609805 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study delineates the development of a novel, rugged and sensitive stability-indicating risk-based HPLC method for the concurrent estimation of methotrexate (MTX) and baicalin (BCL) in dual-drug-loaded-nanopharmaceuticals based on an analytical quality-by-design approach. Preliminary screening trials along with systemic risk analysis were performed, endeavouring to explicate the critical method attributes, namely pH, percentage of orthophosphoric acid and percentage of acetonitrile, that influence the critical quality attributes. Box-Behnken design was utilized for the optimization of the tailing factor as the response for MTX and BCL in a short run time. The chromatographic conditions were optimized by performing 17 experimental runs using design expert software. The chromatographic conditions were selected after the analysis of the optimized zone within the confines of the design space: water:acetonitrile adjusted to a pH of 3.0 with 0.05% orthophosphoric acid (60:40, %v/v) was the mobile phase, the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min and an analytical C18 column was used at an isobestic wavelength of 282 nm. Furthermore, the optimized method was validated in accordance with the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use guidelines and was found to be within the prescribed limits. Therefore, the developed reversed-phase-high-performance liquid chromatography method has a high degree of practical utility for synchronous detection of MTX and BCL in pharmaceutical nano-dosage forms such as protein-based nanoparticles, nanocrystals, polymeric nanoparticles and metallic nanoparticles in in vivo and in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Nashvia Adin
- Phytomedicine Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Isha Gupta
- Phytomedicine Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Aqil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Mujeeb
- Phytomedicine Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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8
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Yenda P, Katari NK, Ettaboina SK, Satheesh B, Muchakayala SK, Gundla R. An effective and stability-indicating method development and optimization utilizing the Box-Behnken design for the simultaneous determination of acetaminophen, caffeine, and aspirin in tablet formulation. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5585. [PMID: 36692333 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Analytical techniques must be sensitive, specific, and accurate to assess the active pharmaceutical ingredients in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The quality-by-design (QbD) application has proven to be a practical method for magnifying HPLC operations. This article discusses the successfully developed QbD-based stability-indicative LC method for evaluating acetaminophen, caffeine, and aspirin (ASP) in tablet dosage form. To achieve the necessary chromatographic separation, Milli-Q water, methanol, and glacial acetic acid were employed in the following ratios: 63:35:2 (v/v/v) for mobile phase A and 18:80:2 (v/v/v) for mobile phase B. The flow rate, column temperature, and detecting wavelength were 1.0 ml/min, 40°C, and 275 nm, respectively, and an InertSustain C18 analytical column (150 × 4.6 mm, 3 μm) was used. Linearity was between 10.0 and 150.0 μg/ml for ASP and acetaminophen and between 2.6 and 39.0 μg/ml for caffeine. The accuracy findings were more than 97%, and the correlation coefficient for all three components was found to be greater than 0.999. The validated HPLC method yielded reliable and accurate results. ASP was shown to be vulnerable to both acid and alkaline hydrolysis in the forced degradation study. The described method is capable of separating the degradants produced during stress testing and is regarded as stability indicating. The proposed method can be used for a wider range of other formulations with an appropriate diluent selection and sample preparation procedure optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvateesam Yenda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, GITAM Deemed to Be University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Katari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, GITAM Deemed to Be University, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Balasubramanian Satheesh
- Analytical Research and Development, Slayback Pharma India LLP, Manjeera Trinity Corporate, JNTU, Hyderabad, India
| | - Siva Krishna Muchakayala
- Analytical Research and Development, Catalent Pharma Solutions, 1100 Enterprise Dr, Winchester, Kentucky, 40391, USA
| | - Rambabu Gundla
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, GITAM Deemed to Be University, Hyderabad, India
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9
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Kale D, Kikul F, Phapale P, Beedgen L, Thiel C, Brügger B. Quantification of Dolichyl Phosphates Using Phosphate Methylation and Reverse-Phase Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2023; 95:3210-3217. [PMID: 36716239 PMCID: PMC9933046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Dolichyl monophosphates (DolPs) are essential lipids in glycosylation pathways that are highly conserved across almost all domains of life. The availability of DolP is critical for all glycosylation processes, as these lipids serve as membrane-anchored building blocks used by various types of glycosyltransferases to generate complex post-translational modifications of proteins and lipids. The analysis of DolP species by reverse-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (RPLC-MS) remains a challenge due to their very low abundance and wide range of lipophilicities. Until now, a method for the simultaneous qualitative and quantitative assessment of DolP species from biological membranes has been lacking. Here, we describe a novel approach based on simple sample preparation, rapid and efficient trimethylsilyl diazomethane-dependent phosphate methylation, and RPLC-MS analysis for quantification of DolP species with different isoprene chain lengths. We used this workflow to selectively quantify DolP species from lipid extracts derived of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, HeLa, and human skin fibroblasts from steroid 5-α-reductase 3- congenital disorders of glycosylation (SRD5A3-CDG) patients and healthy controls. Integration of this workflow with global lipidomics analyses will be a powerful tool to expand our understanding of the role of DolPs in pathophysiological alterations of metabolic pathways downstream of HMG-CoA reductase, associated with CDGs, hypercholesterolemia, neurodegeneration, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipali Kale
- Heidelberg
University Biochemistry Center (BZH), 69120Heidelberg, Germany,Leibniz-Institut
für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44139Dortmund, Germany,
| | - Frauke Kikul
- Heidelberg
University Biochemistry Center (BZH), 69120Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Prasad Phapale
- Leibniz-Institut
für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44139Dortmund, Germany
| | - Lars Beedgen
- Centre
for Child and Adolescent Medicine, University
Hospital Heidelberg, 69120Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Thiel
- Centre
for Child and Adolescent Medicine, University
Hospital Heidelberg, 69120Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Britta Brügger
- Heidelberg
University Biochemistry Center (BZH), 69120Heidelberg, Germany,
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10
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Gupta I, Adin SN, Aqil M, Mujeeb M, Sultana Y. Quality by design-based development and validation of an HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of pregabalin and piperine in dual drug-loaded liposomes. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5510. [PMID: 36100737 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The current research work describes the development of a rapid HPLC method for the concurrent detection of pregabalin and piperine in dual drug-loaded nanoformulations. The primary goal was to recognize the chromatographic conditions wherein propitious segregation of the integrants with quality peaks can be attained. An attempt to expound the target analytical profile was made to accomplish this goal, and critical method attributes (CMAs), viz. percentage acetonitrile content, injection volume and pH, which affect critical quality attributes (CQAs), were identified using systemic risk analysis. Box-Behnken design was employed to develop a relationship between CMAs and CQAs, which engenders an analytical design space. Efficient chromatographic separation for pregabalin and piperine was attained using an analytical C18 column and mobile phase comprising acetonitrile-water (pH 6.9; 70:30%, v/v) in an isocratic elution mode with a 1 ml/min flow rate. The elution was descried at an isosbestic wavelength of 221 nm using a photodiode array detector. The International Conference on Harmonization guidelines were adopted for the developed HPLC method. The validated HPLC method can be further utilized for the simultaneous quantification and detection of pregabalin and piperine in other lipid-based nanopharmaceuticals such as polymeric nanoparticles, nanocrystals, solid-lipid nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, etc., in in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Gupta
- Phytomedicine Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Syeda Nashvia Adin
- Phytomedicine Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Aqil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Mujeeb
- Phytomedicine Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Yasmin Sultana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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11
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Gurba-Bryśkiewicz L, Dawid U, Smuga DA, Maruszak W, Delis M, Szymczak K, Stypik B, Moroz A, Błocka A, Mroczkiewicz M, Dubiel K, Wieczorek M. Implementation of QbD Approach to the Development of Chromatographic Methods for the Determination of Complete Impurity Profile of Substance on the Preclinical and Clinical Step of Drug Discovery Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810720. [PMID: 36142622 PMCID: PMC9505031 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to demonstrate the use of the AQbD with the DOE approach to the methodical step-by-step development of a UHPLC method for the quantitative determination of the impurity profile of new CPL409116 substance (JAK/ROCK inhibitor) on the preclinical and clinical step of drug discovery studies. The critical method parameters (CMPs) have been tested extensively: the kind of stationary phase (8 different columns), pH of the aqueous mobile phase (2.6, 3.2, 4.0, 6.8), and start (20–25%) and stop (85–90%) percentage of organic mobile phase (ACN). The critical method attributes (CMAs) are the resolution between the peaks (≥2.0) and peak symmetry of analytes (≥0.8 and ≤1.8). In the screening step, the effects of different levels of CMPs on the CMAs were evaluated based on a full fractional design 22. The robustness tests were established from the knowledge space of the screening step and performed by application fractional factorial design 2(4−1). Method operable design region (MODR) was generated. The probability of meeting the specifications for the CMAs was calculated by Monte-Carlo simulations. In relation to literature such a complete AQbD approach including screening, optimization, and validation steps for the development of a new method for the quantitative determination of the full profile of nine impurities of an innovative pharmaceutical substance with the structure-based pre-development pointed out the novelty of our work. The final working conditions were as follows: column Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18, aqueous mobile phase 10 mM ± 1 mM aqueous solution of HCOOH, pH 2.6, 20% ± 1% of ACN at the start and 85% ± 1% of ACN at the end of the gradient, and column temperature 30 °C ± 2 °C. The method was validated in compliance with ICH guideline Q2(R1). The optimized method is specified, linear, precise, and robust. LOQ is on the reporting threshold level of 0.05% and LOD at 0.02% for all impurities.
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12
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Analytical quality by design-compliant retention modeling for exploring column interchangeabilities in separating ezetimibe and its related substances. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1682:463494. [PMID: 36126559 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There are several potential advantages of using experimental design-based retention modeling for chromatographic method development. Most importantly, through the model-delivered systematic understanding (Design Spaces), users can benefit from increased method consistency, flexibility and robustness that can efficiently be achieved at lesser amount of development time. As a result, modeling tools have always been great supplementary assets and welcomed by both the pharmaceutical industry and the regulatory authorities. Most recently published chapters of ICH however - Q2(R2) and Q14 (both currently drafts) - evidence a further paradigm shift, specifying the elements of model-based development strategies in the so-called "enhanced approach". The main aim of this study was to investigate the impact of stationary phase chemistries on chromatographic method performance in the application example of ezetimibe and its related substances. A commercial modeling software package (DryLab®) was used to outline three-dimensional experimental design frameworks and acquire model Design Spaces (DSs) of 9 tested columns. This was done by performing 12 input calibration experiments per column, systematically changing critical method parameters (CMPs) as variables such as the gradient time (tG), temperature (T) and the ternary composition (tC) of the mobile phase. The constructed models allowed studying retention behaviors of selected analytes within each separation systems. In the first part of our work, we performed single optimizations for all nine stationary phases with substantially different surface modifications based on their highest achievable critical resolution values. For these optimum points in silico robustness testing was performed, clearly showing a change of CMPs, depending on the column, and specified optimum setpoint. In the second part of our work, we simultaneously compared the three-dimensional virtual separation models to identify all method parameter combinations that could provide at least baseline separation (Rs, crit.>1.50). These overlapping areas between the models described a common method operational design region (MODR) where columns were considered completely interchangeable - in terms of their baseline resolving capability - regardless of their exact physicochemical properties. A final optimized, column-independent working point within the common MODR was selected for verification. Indeed, experimental chromatograms showed excellent agreement with the model; all columns in the common condition were able to yield critical resolution values higher than 2.0, only their retentivity (elution window of peaks) was found different in some cases. Our results underline that a profound understanding of the separation process is of utmost importance andthat in some cases, adequate selectivity is achievable on various stationary phases.
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Bastogne T, Caputo F, Prina-Mello A, Borgos S, Barberi-Heyob M. A state of the art in analytical quality-by-design and perspectives in characterization of nano-enabled medicinal products. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 219:114911. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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14
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Szoleczky R, Budai-Szűcs M, Csányi E, Berkó S, Tonka-Nagy P, Csóka I, Kovács A. Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) Approach to the Development of In Vitro Release Test for Topical Hydrogel. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:707. [PMID: 35456541 PMCID: PMC9026520 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to adapt the analytical quality by design (AQbD) approach to design an effective in vitro release test method using USP apparatus IV with a semi-solid adapter (SSA) for diclofenac sodium hydrogel. The analytical target profile (ATP) of the in vitro release test and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography were defined; the critical method attributes (CMAs) (min. 70% of the drug should be released during the test, six time points should be obtained in the linear portion of the drug release profile, and the relative standard deviation of the released drug should not be over 10%) were selected. An initial risk assessment was carried out, in which the CMAs (ionic strength, the pH of the media, membrane type, the rate of flow, the volume of the SSA (sample amount), the individual flow rate of cells, drug concentration %, and the composition of the product) were identified. With the results, it was possible to determine the high-risk parameters of the in vitro drug release studies performed with the USP apparatus IV with SSA, which were the pH of the medium and the sample weight of the product. Focusing on these parameters, we developed a test protocol for our hydrogel system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Réka Szoleczky
- Egis Pharmaceuticals Plc., Laboratory of Finished Product Analytical Development 3, Bökényföldi Str. 116-120, 1165 Budapest, Hungary; (R.S.); (P.T.-N.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös Str. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (M.B.-S.); (E.C.); (S.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Mária Budai-Szűcs
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös Str. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (M.B.-S.); (E.C.); (S.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Erzsébet Csányi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös Str. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (M.B.-S.); (E.C.); (S.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Szilvia Berkó
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös Str. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (M.B.-S.); (E.C.); (S.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Péter Tonka-Nagy
- Egis Pharmaceuticals Plc., Laboratory of Finished Product Analytical Development 3, Bökényföldi Str. 116-120, 1165 Budapest, Hungary; (R.S.); (P.T.-N.)
| | - Ildikó Csóka
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös Str. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (M.B.-S.); (E.C.); (S.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Anita Kovács
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös Str. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (M.B.-S.); (E.C.); (S.B.); (I.C.)
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15
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Afonso Urich JA, Marko V, Boehm K, Lara García RA, Jeremic D, Paudel A. Development and Validation of a Stability-Indicating UPLC Method for the Determination of Hexoprenaline in Injectable Dosage Form Using AQbD Principles. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216597. [PMID: 34771005 PMCID: PMC8587854 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel and efficient stability-indicating, reverse phase ultra-performance liquid chromatographic (UPLC®) analytical method was developed and validated for the determination of hexoprenaline in an injectable dosage form. The development of the method was performed using analytical quality by design (AQbD) principles, which are aligned with the future requirements from the regulatory agencies using AQbD principles. The method was developed by assessing the impact of ion pairing, the chromatographic column, pH and gradient elution. The development was achieved with a Waters Acquity HSS T3 (50 × 2.1 mm i.d., 1.8 µm) column at ambient temperature, using sodium dihydrogen phosphate 5 mM + octane-1-sulphonic acid sodium salt 10 mM buffer pH 3.0 (Solution A) and acetonitrile (Solution B) as mobile phases in gradient elution (t = 0 min, 5% B; t = 1 min, 5% B; t = 5 min, 50% B; t = 7 min, 5% B; t = 10 min, 5% B) at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min and UV detection of 280 nm. The linearity was proven for hexoprenaline over a concentration range of 3.50-6.50 µg/mL (R2 = 0.9998). Forced degradation studies were performed by subjecting the samples to hydrolytic (acid and base), oxidative, and thermal stress conditions. Standard solution stability was also performed. The proposed validated method was successfully used for the quantitative analysis of bulk, stability and injectable dosage form samples of the desired drug product. Using the AQbD principles, it is possible to generate methodologies with enhanced knowledge, which can eventually lead to a reduced regulatory risk, high quality data and lower operational costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Alberto Afonso Urich
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.A.A.U.); (V.M.); (K.B.); (R.A.L.G.)
| | - Viktoria Marko
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.A.A.U.); (V.M.); (K.B.); (R.A.L.G.)
| | - Katharina Boehm
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.A.A.U.); (V.M.); (K.B.); (R.A.L.G.)
| | | | - Dalibor Jeremic
- Department of Health Studies-Biomedical Science, FH JOANNEUM, 8020 Graz, Austria;
| | - Amrit Paudel
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, 8010 Graz, Austria; (J.A.A.U.); (V.M.); (K.B.); (R.A.L.G.)
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-316-873-30912
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16
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QBD-driven HPLC method of eltrombopag olamine: Degradation pathway proposal, structure elucidation, and in silico toxicity prediction. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 203:114231. [PMID: 34225039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Eltrombopag olamine is prescribed for chronic immune (idiopathic) thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). This work aims to investigate the formation of potential degradants of the drug and determine their toxicity in silico. A stability-indicating high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to separate six oxidative degradation impurities and three thermal degradation impurities employing the quality by design (QBD) approach. The degradation impurities were resolved with minimum resolution of 1.5 using a phenyl column with 0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and acetonitrile as the mobile phase and quantified at 245 nm. The structure and degradation pathway for the degradants was proposed by employing liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), among the identified degradation pathways demethylation and decarboxylation are common reactions observed during oxidation resulted in majority of degradation products. All the degradation products are characterized with help of the daughter ions and product ion obtained upon LC-MS/MS analysis. The HPLC method parameters such as column temperature, flow rate, TFA concentration and organic concentration are identified as critical method attributes (CMA), a design of experiments (DOE) mediated design space was established through use of design experts. The resolution between sets of adjacent peaks was identified as a critical quality attribute; among the investigated CMAs, column temperature and flow rate significantly affected the resolution. Furthermore, the toxicology of the degradation products was predicted with the help of in silico TOPKAT analysis, the carcinogenicity of the impurities was discussed.
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Ebner J, Humer D, Klausser R, Rubus V, Pell R, Spadiut O, Kopp J. At-Line Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography for In-Process Monitoring of Inclusion Body Solubilization. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:78. [PMID: 34200471 PMCID: PMC8228044 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8060078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Refolding is known as the bottleneck in inclusion body (IB) downstream processing in the pharmaceutical industry: high dilutions leading to large operating volumes, slow refolding kinetics and low refolding yields are only a few of the problems that impede industrial application. Solubilization prior to refolding is often carried out empirically and the effects of the solubilizate on the subsequent refolding step are rarely investigated. The results obtained in this study, however, indicate that the quality of the IB solubilizate has a severe effect on subsequent refolding. As the solubilizate contains chaotropic reagents in high molarities, it is commonly analyzed with sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). SDS-PAGE, however, suffers from a long analysis time, making at-line analytical implementation difficult. In this study, we established an at-line reversed phase liquid chromatography method to investigate the time-dependent quality of the solubilizate. To verify the necessity of at-line solubilization monitoring, we varied the essential solubilization conditions for horseradish peroxidase IBs. The solubilization time was found to have a major influence on subsequent refolding, underlining the high need for an at-line analysis of solubilization. Furthermore, we used the developed reversed phase liquid chromatography method for an in-process control (IPC). In conclusion, the presented reversed phase liquid chromatography method allows a proper control of IB solubilization applicable for tailored refolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Ebner
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (J.E.); (D.H.); (R.K.); (V.R.); (O.S.)
| | - Diana Humer
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (J.E.); (D.H.); (R.K.); (V.R.); (O.S.)
| | - Robert Klausser
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (J.E.); (D.H.); (R.K.); (V.R.); (O.S.)
| | - Viktor Rubus
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (J.E.); (D.H.); (R.K.); (V.R.); (O.S.)
| | - Reinhard Pell
- SANDOZ GmbH, Mondseestrasse 11, 4866 Unterach, Austria;
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (J.E.); (D.H.); (R.K.); (V.R.); (O.S.)
| | - Julian Kopp
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (J.E.); (D.H.); (R.K.); (V.R.); (O.S.)
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18
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Zhang S, Wu L, Wang X, Gong X, Qu H. Development of an HPLC-MS method for the determination of four terpene trilactones in Ginkgo biloba leaf extract via quality by design. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5170. [PMID: 33982313 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Previously reported HPLC-evaporative light scattering detection methods for terpene trilactone determination in Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (EGBL) have complicated sample preparation steps and are time-consuming. Thus, in this work, an HPLC-MS method for the determination of terpene trilactones in EGBL was developed with a novel analytical quality by design approach to provide robust and simple measurements. For this purpose, analytical target profiles and systematic risk analyses were performed to identify potential critical method attributes and critical method parameters. After screening experiments, a Box-Behnken design approach was utilized to investigate the relationships between critical method attributes and critical method parameters. A hypercube design space obtained by a Monte Carlo method was used for choosing the analytical control strategy. Then, verification experiments were performed within the design space, and the models were found to be accurate. After that, the optimized method was verified and successfully used for quality control analysis of EGBL from different manufacturers, and the results were almost the same as those determined by HPLC-evaporative light scattering detection. To our knowledge, this is the first study to establish a robust HPLC-MS method for determination of terpene trilactones in EGBL based on a novel analytical quality by design concept, which can improve the quality control of commercial EGBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linlin Wu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingchu Gong
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Qu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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19
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Nadella PN, Nadh Ratnakaram V, Navuluri S. QbD-Based UPLC Method for Quantification of Brexpiprazole in Presence of Impurities and Application to In Vitro Dissolution. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 59:223-240. [PMID: 33333554 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmaa099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Quality-by-design-based UPLC method was developed for chromatographic separation to quantify the antischizophrenic drug brexpiprazole in the presence of impurities. Research findings from pH-scouting studies were used as control variables which influence the chromatographic separation. The peak tailing and resolution are the response variables and established the design-space by DoE-study for selection of suitable chromatographic conditions. Separation was achieved with lower particle size stationary phase and buffer pH 2.0 in the mobile phase. The present method developed through C18 50 × 2.1 mm, Ethylene-Bridged-Hybrid technology column with 1.7 μm particles, mobile phase consists of pH 2.0 buffer and acetonitrile (67:33 v/v), flow rate of 0.5 mL min-1 and detection wavelength at 215 nm. The retention time of brexpiprazole is 0.6 min and all impurities were eluted within 2 min. The method linearity ranges were 20.4-61.3 μg mL-1 for assay and 0.88-6.59 μg mL-1 for dissolution with correlation-coefficients of 0.9999 and 0.9998 for assay and dissolution, respectively. The recovery values were found in between 99.3 and 100.9%. The method shows stability-indicating on the basis of noninterference of placebo, and impurities from forced-degradation studies. Method validation was carried out according to ICH guideline Q2 (R1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad Nukendra Nadella
- Science and Humanities Department, Vignan University-VFSTR, Vadlamudi, Guntur 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India.,AET Laboratories, Analytical Research and Development, Gaddapotharam, Hyderabad 502319, Telangana, India
| | | | - Srinivasu Navuluri
- Science and Humanities Department, Vignan University-VFSTR, Vadlamudi, Guntur 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
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20
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Volta e Sousa L, Gonçalves R, Menezes JC, Ramos A. Analytical Method Lifecycle Management in Pharmaceutical Industry: a Review. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:128. [PMID: 33835304 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-01960-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The adoption of Quality by Design (QbD) and Analytical Method Lifecycle Management (AMLM) concepts to ensure the quality of pharmaceutical products has been applied and proposed over the last few years. These concepts are based on knowledge gained from the application of scientific and quality risk management approaches, throughout method lifecycle to assure continuous improvement and high reliability of analytical results. The overall AMLM starts with the definition of the method's intended use through the Analytical Target Profile definition, including three stages: (1) Method Design, taking advantage of the well-known concept of QbD; (2) Method Performance Qualification; (3) Continued Method Performance Verification. This is intended to holistically align method variability with product requirements, increasing confidence in the data generated, a regulatory requirement that the pharmaceutical industry must follow. This approach views all method-related activities, such as development, validation, transfer, and routine use as a continuum and interrelated process, where knowledge and risk management are the key enablers. An increase in method robustness, cost reduction, and decreased risk failures are some of the intrinsic benefits from this lifecycle management. This approach is clearly acknowledged both by regulators and industry. The roadmap of the regulatory and industry events that mark the evolution of these concepts helps to capture the current and future expectation of the pharmaceutical framework.
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Ummiti K, Shanmukha Kumar JV. Establishment of validated stability indicating purity method based on the stress degradation behavior of gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (ganirelix) in an injectable formulation using HPLC and LC-MS-QTOF. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2021; 27:126-140. [PMID: 33823624 DOI: 10.1177/14690667211005335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Stress study of a drug substance or pharmaceutical drug product provides a vision into degradation pathways and degradation products of the active pharmaceutical ingredient and helps in interpretation of the chemical structure of the degradation impurities. In the current study, Ganirelix active ingredient presented in the Orgalutran® was stressed with acidic and alkali hydrolysis, photolysis, thermal and oxidation conditions as per the guidelines of International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Q1A (R2). Ganirelix was found to be labile under thermal and alkali hydrolytic stress conditions, while it was stable to acid hydrolytic, oxidative and photolytic stress. All degradation products were separated with a resolution > 1.5 on a C18 column (2.6 µm, 25 cm×4.6 mm) using a hydrophilic ion pair such as sodium perchlorate, at a concentration <0.04 M. In total, four major degradant impurities were found during stress study. These impurities were fractionated and desalted by flash chromatography for identification of chemical structures. LC-MS-QTOF analysis revealed that two degradation products are diastereomers of Ganirelix, one degradation product is a deamination compound and other degradation product result from the insertion of a new amino acid residue in the Ganirelix peptide sequence. The developed method is sensitive enough to quantify the related substances of Ganirelix at the 0.04% level with that of Ganirelix test concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumarswamy Ummiti
- Department of Chemistry, 207673Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, India
| | - J V Shanmukha Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, 207673Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, India
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22
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Kopp J, Zauner FB, Pell A, Hausjell J, Humer D, Ebner J, Herwig C, Spadiut O, Slouka C, Pell R. Development of a generic reversed-phase liquid chromatography method for protein quantification using analytical quality-by-design principles. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 188:113412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Jayagopal B, Murugesh S. QbD-mediated RP-UPLC method development invoking an FMEA-based risk assessment to estimate nintedanib degradation products and their pathways. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Enesei D, Kapui I, Fekete S, Kormány R. Updating the European Pharmacopoeia impurity profiling method for terazosin and suggesting alternative columns. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 187:113371. [PMID: 32460215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This work was motivated by the demand of European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines and HealthCare (EDQM). A new liquid chromatographic (LC) method was developed for terazosin impurity profiling to replace the old European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) method. This new method is published as part of the new Ph. Eur. monograph proposal of terazosin in Pharmeuropa issue 32.2. The aim of the method renewal was to cut the analysis time from 90 min (2 × 45 min) down to below 20 min. The Ph. Eur. monograph method is based on two different chromatographic separations to analyze the specified impurities of terazosin. The reason for the two methods is that two of the impurities are not sufficiently retained in reversed phase (RP) conditions, not even with 100% water as eluent. Therefore, next to RP, an ion-pair (IP) chromatographic method has to be applied to analyze those two impurities. With our new proposed method it was possible to appropriately increase the retention of the two critical compounds using alternative stationary phases (instead of a C18 phase which is suggested by the Ph. Eur. method). Applying a pentafluoro-phenyl (PFP) stationary phase, it was feasible to separate and adequately retain all the impurities. The detection wavelength was also changed compared to the Ph. Eur. method and is now appropriate for the detection and quantification of all impurities using perchloric acid in the mobile phase at low pH. Another goal of the present study was to develop a generic workflow and to evaluate the chromatographic resolution in a wide range of method variables and suggest some replacement columns for terazosin impurity profiling. Retention modeling was applied to study the chromatographic behavior of the compounds of interest and visualize resolution for the different columns, where a given criterion is fulfilled. A zone (set of chromatographic conditions) of a robust space could be then quickly identified by the overlay of the individual response surfaces (resolution maps). It was also demonstrated that two columns from different providers (Kinetex F5 and SpeedCore PFP) can be used as replacement columns, providing sufficient resolution at the same working point and a high degree of robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dániel Enesei
- Egis Pharmaceuticals Plc., Keresztúri út 30-38, 1106 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imre Kapui
- Egis Pharmaceuticals Plc., Keresztúri út 30-38, 1106 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Fekete
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet, 1, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Róbert Kormány
- Egis Pharmaceuticals Plc., Keresztúri út 30-38, 1106 Budapest, Hungary.
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Optimization of Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry Detection of Glutamine-FMOC Ad-Hoc Derivative by Central Composite Design. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7134. [PMID: 32346010 PMCID: PMC7188808 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64099-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamine (Gln) is converted to excitatory (glutamate, aspartate) and inhibitory (γ-amino butyric acid) amino acid neurotransmitters in brain, and is a source of energy during glucose deprivation. Current research utilized an Analytical Quality by Design approach to optimize levels and combinations of critical gas pressure (sheath, auxiliary, sweep) and temperature (ion transfer tube, vaporizer) parameters for high-sensitivity mass spectrometric quantification of brain tissue glutamine. A Design of Experiments (DOE) matrix for evaluation of relationships between these multiple independent variables and a singular response variable, e.g. glutamine chromatogram area, was developed by statistical response surface methodology using central composite design. A second-order polynomial equation was generated to identify and predict singular versus combinatory effects of synergistic and antagonistic factors on chromatograph area. Predicted versus found outcomes overlapped, with enhanced area associated with the latter. DOE methodology was subsequently used to evaluate liquid chromatographic variable effects, e.g. flow rate, column temperature, and mobile phase composition on the response variable. Results demonstrate that combinatory AQbD-guided mass spectrometric/liquid chromatographic optimization significantly enhanced analytical sensitivity for Gln, thus enabling down-sized brain tissue sample volume procurement for quantification of this critical amino acid.
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Development and validation of a UPLC-MS method for determination of atazanavir sulfate by the "analytical quality by design" approach. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2020; 70:17-33. [PMID: 31677371 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2020-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A UPLC-MS method for the estimation of atazanavir sulfate was developed using the "analytical quality by design" approach. The critical chromatographic quality attributes identified were retention time, theoretical plates and peak tailing. The critical method parameters established were percent of organic modifier, flow rate and injection volume. Optimization performed using Box-Behnken Design (BBD) established 10 % organic modifier, 0.4 mL min-1 flow rate and 6-µL injection volume as the optimum method conditions. Atazanavir sulfate eluted at 5.19 min without any interference. Method validation followed international guidelines. The method has proven linearity in the range of 10-90 µg mL-1. Recovery was between 100.2-101.0 % and precision within the accepted limits (RSD 0.2-0.7 %). LOD and LOQ were 2.68 and 8.14 µg mL-1, resp. Stress testing stability studies showed atazanavir sulfate to degrade under acidic and basic conditions. The suggested technique is simple, rapid and sustainable. It is, therefore, suggested for routine analysis of atazanavir sulfate.
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Statistical optimization and validation of a novel ultra-performance liquid chromatography method for estimation of nintedanib in rat and human plasma. Bioanalysis 2020; 12:159-174. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2019-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: A high throughput ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-ultraviolet method for quantification of nintedanib in rat and human plasma was developed and optimized using chemometrical approach. Method: Design of experiment and multivariate statistical approach was used for definition of optimized method. Final separation was performed using protein precipitation method on ACQUITY HSS T3 C18 column in isocratic mode using potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.5): acetonitrile. Results: Method was validated as per US-FDA guidelines linearly from 15–750 ng/ml. All quality control samples showed <15% relative standard deviation for precision and 85–115% accuracy along with >98% extraction recovery. Conclusion: The developed method is easily applicable in determining pharmacokinetic parameters in preclinical subjects along with successful implementation for quantification in human plasma samples.
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Miranda M, Pais AACC, Cardoso C, Vitorino C. aQbD as a platform for IVRT method development - A regulatory oriented approach. Int J Pharm 2019; 572:118695. [PMID: 31536762 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The EMA draft guideline on quality and equivalence of topical products and the FDA non-binding product specific guidances release has encouraged the establishment of a regulatory background for in vitro release testing (IVRT). Herein, a novel framework applicable to the development of a discriminatory IVRT method is described, according to analytical quality by design (aQbD) principles. A commercially available diclofenac emulgel formulation was used as model product. Through the definition of IVRT analytical target profile, a risk assessment analysis was carried out, in which the critical analytical attributes (in vitro release rate, cumulative amount released at an initial/final point and dose depletion) and critical method variables (medium, membrane and dosage regimen) were identified. Based on this information, a 3 × 2 × 3 full factorial design was performed. Statistical modeling and system desirability assessment enabled the selection of the most suitable IVRT parameters, which were fully validated according with new EMA requirements. These consisted of PBS:Ethanol (80:20, pH = 7.4), Tuffryn membranes and 300 mg of applied product. aQbD provided a comprehensive framework for developing a reliable and effective IVRT method. A thorough analysis of the new EMA draft guideline requirements revealed that some of the established criteria may be challenging to attain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Miranda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alberto A C C Pais
- Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina Cardoso
- Laboratórios Basi, Parque Industrial Manuel Lourenço Ferreira, lote 15, 3450-232 Mortágua, Portugal
| | - Carla Vitorino
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Neurosciences and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine, Pólo I, 1st Floor, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: An overview of the last decade. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Bonde S, Bonde C, Prabhakar B. Quality by design based development and validation of HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of paclitaxel and vinorelbine tartrate in dual drug loaded liposomes. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.103982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Tome T, Žigart N, Časar Z, Obreza A. Development and Optimization of Liquid Chromatography Analytical Methods by Using AQbD Principles: Overview and Recent Advances. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Tome
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva c. 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Analytics Department, Sandoz Development Center Slovenia, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Verovškova ulica 57, SI-1526 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nina Žigart
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva c. 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Analytics Department, Sandoz Development Center Slovenia, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Verovškova ulica 57, SI-1526 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zdenko Časar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva c. 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Analytics Department, Sandoz Development Center Slovenia, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Verovškova ulica 57, SI-1526 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Obreza
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva c. 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Analytical Quality by Design with the Lifecycle Approach: A Modern Epitome for Analytical Method Development. ACTA MEDICA MARISIENSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/amma-2019-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Quality by Design is the methodical method to development concept that starts with the predefined objects. The method put emphasis on the process of development of a product, the control process, which is built on risk management and comprehensive knowledge of science. The concept of QbD applied to analytical method development is known now as AQbD (Analytical Quality by Design). Comprehension of the Analytical Target Profile (ATP) and the risk assessment for the variables that can have an impact on the productivity of the developed analytical method can be the main principles of the AQbD. Inside the method operable design region (MODR), the AQbD permits the movements of the analytical methods. This paper has been produced to discuss various views of analytical scientists, the comparison with conventional methods, and the phases of the analytical techniques.
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Analytical Quality by Design-based development and validation of ultra pressure liquid chromatography/MS/MS method for glycopeptide antibiotics determination in human plasma. Bioanalysis 2018; 10:1861-1876. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2018-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: An ultra pressure liquid chromatography (UPLC)/MS/MS method for vancomycin and teicoplanin determination in human plasma was developed in accordance with analytical quality by design (AQbD) concept and fully validated. Materials & methods: Chromatographic separation was performed on ACQUITY UPLC C18 charge surface hybrid (CSH) column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.7 μm particle size) in gradient mode and the mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid in water and pure acetonitrile. The experimental design methodology was used for the definition of optimal chromatographic and protein precipitation conditions. Results: The linearity ranges were 0.05–10 μg ml-1 for vancomycin and 0.5–200 μg ml-1 for total teicoplanin. The relative standard deviations for precision estimation were below 15% and the accuracy was within 85–115% for all quality control levels. Conclusion: The method was utilized for glycopeptide antibiotics bioanalysis.
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Simultaneous optimization of mobile phase composition and pH using retention modeling and experimental design. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 160:336-343. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Sylvester B, Tefas L, Vlase L, Tomuţă I, Porfire A. A Quality by Design (QbD) approach to the development of a gradient high-performance liquid chromatography for the simultaneous assay of curcuminoids and doxorubicin from long-circulating liposomes. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 158:395-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Quality by design compliant strategy for the development of a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of selected polyphenols in Diospyros kaki. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1569:79-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Zöldhegyi A, Rieger HJ, Molnár I, Fekhretdinova L. Automated UHPLC separation of 10 pharmaceutical compounds using software-modeling. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 156:379-388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Shao J, Cao W, Qu H, Pan J, Gong X. A novel quality by design approach for developing an HPLC method to analyze herbal extracts: A case study of sugar content analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198515. [PMID: 29883452 PMCID: PMC5993237 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to present a novel analytical quality by design (AQbD) approach for developing an HPLC method to analyze herbal extracts. In this approach, critical method attributes (CMAs) and critical method parameters (CMPs) of the analytical method were determined using the same data collected from screening experiments. The HPLC-ELSD method for separation and quantification of sugars in Codonopsis Radix extract (CRE) samples and Astragali Radix extract (ARE) samples was developed as an example method with a novel AQbD approach. Potential CMAs and potential CMPs were found with Analytical Target Profile. After the screening experiments, the retention time of the D-glucose peak of CRE samples, the signal-to-noise ratio of the D-glucose peak of CRE samples, and retention time of the sucrose peak in ARE samples were considered CMAs. The initial and final composition of the mobile phase, flow rate, and column temperature were found to be CMPs using a standard partial regression coefficient method. The probability-based design space was calculated using a Monte-Carlo simulation method and verified by experiments. The optimized method was validated to be accurate and precise, and then it was applied in the analysis of CRE and ARE samples. The present AQbD approach is efficient and suitable for analysis objects with complex compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Shao
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Cao
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Qu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianyang Pan
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingchu Gong
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Parr MK, Schmidt AH. Life cycle management of analytical methods. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 147:506-517. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sankar A, Palani S, Velayudham R. Quality by Design-Applied Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Determination of Enzalutamide Anti-Prostate Cancer Therapy Drug in Spiked Plasma Samples. ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY INSIGHTS 2017; 12:1177390117726776. [PMID: 28874884 PMCID: PMC5576540 DOI: 10.1177/1177390117726776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This research article presents the Quality by Design (QbD)–finalised conditions for a method that uses liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of concentration of enzalutamide (ENZ), an atypical anticancer drug, in a drug formulation and in spiked plasma samples. Critical process attributes (CPA) considered to be the influential parameters in separation, identification, and quantification processes by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) were organic content, buffer strength, pH modifier, flow rate, spray voltage, sheath gas, and auxiliary gas that alter critical analytical attributes, such as retention time (R1) and area (R2). These factors were evaluated first in a factorial design (Taguchi orthogonal array design) and then extensively in a central composite design (CCD) to zero-in on the mobile phase for the quantification of ENZ standard drug and along with its internal standard (ENZIS) in spiked plasma samples and in formulation. Pareto chart from initial factorial design (Taguchi orthogonal array design) model suggested which of the CPA factors should be given the weightage, that is, to be exhaustively analysed in the CCD and response surface analysis. The elaborated parameters proposed by World Health Organization were studied by method validation, ie, selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision repeatability system-suitability tests, method robustness/ruggedness, sensitivity, and stability. The strategy followed gives an insight on the development of a robust QbD-compliant quantitative UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS method for ENZ drug containing plasma samples (spiked).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ask Sankar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University (VISTAS), Chennai, India.,Adhiparasakthi College of Pharmacy, Melmaruvathur, Tamilnadu, India
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Freed AL, Colgan ST, Kochling JD, Alasandro MS. AAPS Workshop: accelerating pharmaceutical development through predictive stability approaches, April 4–5, 2016. AAPS OPEN 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s41120-017-0018-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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42
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Zhang X, Hu C. Application of quality by design concept to develop a dual gradient elution stability-indicating method for cloxacillin forced degradation studies using combined mixture-process variable models. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1514:44-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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43
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Sahu PK, Ramisetti NR, Cecchi T, Swain S, Patro CS, Panda J. An overview of experimental designs in HPLC method development and validation. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 147:590-611. [PMID: 28579052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Chemometric approaches have been increasingly viewed as precious complements to high performance liquid chromatographic practices, since a large number of variables can be simultaneously controlled to achieve the desired separations. Moreover, their applications may efficiently identify and optimize the significant factors to accomplish competent results through limited experimental trials. The present manuscript discusses usefulness of various chemometric approaches in high and ultra performance liquid chromatography for (i) methods development from dissolution studies and sample preparation to detection, considering the progressive substitution of traditional detectors with tandem mass spectrometry instruments and the importance of stability indicating assays (ii) method validation through screening and optimization designs. Choice of appropriate types of experimental designs so as to either screen the most influential factors or optimize the selected factors' combination and the mathematical models in chemometry have been briefly recalled and the advantages of chemometric approaches have been emphasized. The evolution of the design of experiments to the Quality by Design paradigm for method development has been reviewed and the Six Sigma practice as a quality indicator in chromatography has been explained. Chemometric applications and various strategies in chromatographic separations have been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prafulla Kumar Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Raghu College of Pharmacy, Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam, 531162, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Nageswara Rao Ramisetti
- Analytical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
| | - Teresa Cecchi
- Chemistry Department, ITT MONTANI, Via Montani 7, 63900, Fermo, FM, Italy.
| | - Suryakanta Swain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SIMS College of Pharmacy, Mangaladas Nagar, Vijayawada Road, Guntur, 522 001, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Chandra Sekhar Patro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Raghu College of Pharmacy, Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam, 531162, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Jagadeesh Panda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Raghu College of Pharmacy, Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam, 531162, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Kormány R, Molnár I, Fekete J. Renewal of an old European Pharmacopoeia method for Terazosin using modeling with mass spectrometric peak tracking. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 135:8-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Huynh-Ba K, Larner G, Strickland H, Choudhury D, Wu Y, Hofer J, Wang Z, Schofield T. Analytical approaches to ensure product quality -- AAPS Joint Face-to-Face Meeting of the Stability, the Pharmaceutical Impurities, and the CMC Statistics Focus Groups, April 6th, 2016 in Gaithersburg, MD. AAPS OPEN 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s41120-017-0011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Campos-García VR, López-Morales CA, Benites-Zaragoza E, Jiménez-Miranda A, Espinosa-de la Garza CE, Herrera-Fernández D, Padilla-Calderón J, Pérez NO, Flores-Ortiz LF, Medina-Rivero E. Design of a strong cation exchange methodology for the evaluation of charge heterogeneity in glatiramer acetate. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 132:133-140. [PMID: 27721069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Complex pharmaceuticals are in demand of competent analytical methods able to analyze charge heterogeneity as a critical quality attribute (CQA), in compliance with current regulatory expectations. A notorious example is glatiramer acetate (GA), a complex polypeptide mixture useful for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. This pharmaceutical challenges the current state of analytical technology in terms of the capacity to study their constituent species. Thus, a strong cation exchange methodology was designed under the lifecycle approach to support the establishment of GA identity, trough the evaluation of its chromatographic profile, which acts as a charge heterogeneity fingerprint. In this regard, a maximum relative margin of error of 5% for relative retention time and symmetry factor were proposed for the analytical target profile. The methodology met the proposed requirements after precision and specificity tests results, the former comprised of sensitivity and selectivity. Subsequently, method validation was conducted and showed that the method is able to differentiate between intact GA and heterogeneity profiles coming from stressed, fractioned or process-modified samples. In summary, these results provide evidence that the method is adequate to assess charge heterogeneity as a CQA of this complex pharmaceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor R Campos-García
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo, Probiomed S.A. de C.V. Cruce de carreteras Acatzingo-Zumpahuacán s/n, Tenancingo, Mexico
| | - Carlos A López-Morales
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo, Probiomed S.A. de C.V. Cruce de carreteras Acatzingo-Zumpahuacán s/n, Tenancingo, Mexico
| | - Eleuterio Benites-Zaragoza
- Unidad de Calidad, Probiomed S.A. de C.V. Cruce de carreteras Acatzingo-Zumpahuacán s/n, Tenancingo, Mexico
| | - Armando Jiménez-Miranda
- Unidad de Calidad, Probiomed S.A. de C.V. Cruce de carreteras Acatzingo-Zumpahuacán s/n, Tenancingo, Mexico
| | - Carlos E Espinosa-de la Garza
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo, Probiomed S.A. de C.V. Cruce de carreteras Acatzingo-Zumpahuacán s/n, Tenancingo, Mexico
| | - Daniel Herrera-Fernández
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo, Probiomed S.A. de C.V. Cruce de carreteras Acatzingo-Zumpahuacán s/n, Tenancingo, Mexico
| | - Jesús Padilla-Calderón
- Unidad de Calidad, Probiomed S.A. de C.V. Cruce de carreteras Acatzingo-Zumpahuacán s/n, Tenancingo, Mexico
| | - Néstor O Pérez
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo, Probiomed S.A. de C.V. Cruce de carreteras Acatzingo-Zumpahuacán s/n, Tenancingo, Mexico
| | - Luis F Flores-Ortiz
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo, Probiomed S.A. de C.V. Cruce de carreteras Acatzingo-Zumpahuacán s/n, Tenancingo, Mexico.
| | - E Medina-Rivero
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo, Probiomed S.A. de C.V. Cruce de carreteras Acatzingo-Zumpahuacán s/n, Tenancingo, Mexico.
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Mohamed AMI, Abdel-Wadood HM, Mousa HS. Dual design spaces for micro-extraction together with the core–shell chromatographic determination of dorzolamide and timolol in rabbit plasma: an example of quality by design method development. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03719k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An innovative quality by design-integrated VA-SALLME-core–shell chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous determination of DOR and TIM in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Heba Salah Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- South Valley University
- Egypt
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