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Kutluer F. Effect of formaldehyde exposure on phytochemical content and functional activity of Agaricus bisporus (Lge.) Sing. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:35581-35594. [PMID: 38730218 PMCID: PMC11136853 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33625-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of formaldehyde on phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of Agaricus bisporus was investigated. Synthetic compost based on wheat straw was prepared by fermentation and disinfection. After steam pasteurization, 5 g of A. bisporus mycelia were inoculated into 1 kg of compost. To determine the effects of formaldehyde, 2, 4, and 6% concentrations were added to the composts, while compost without formaldehyde was used for the control group. The harvesting period was set at 10 weeks. Total phenolic and flavonoid content, macro- and microelement profile, and phenolic content were analyzed in the harvested A. bisporus samples. Macro- and microelement content was determined by ICP-OES, and phenolic compound profile was determined by LC-MS/MS analysis. Formaldehyde levels in A. bisporus samples were determined by the acetylacetone spectrophotometry method. The antioxidant capacity of A. bisporus samples was determined by DPPH scavenging activity; antimutagenic effects of samples were determined by Allium test. Application of 2, 4, and 6% formaldehyde resulted in a 1.12-, 1.19-, and 2.07-fold reduction in total phenolic content, respectively. The total phenolic content was reduced between 34.4% and 71.8%. These changes were confirmed by LC-MS/MS analysis. Compounds such as protocatechuic acid, salicylic acid, ferulic acid, and 4-OH benzoic acid, which were detected in the control group, could not be detected in the samples treated with 6% formaldehyde, and it was found that the application of formaldehyde reduced the phenolic content. Similar changes were also observed in macro- and microelements, and significant changes in elemental contents were observed after formaldehyde application. While the presence of formaldehyde at a low level, which may be due to natural production, was detected in the control group, a residue of 11.41 ± 0.93 mg/kg was determined in the 6% FMD applied group. All these changes resulted in a decrease in the antioxidant activity of A. bisporus. The DPPH scavenging activity, which was determined in the range of 21.6-73.3% in the control samples, decreased to 12.3-56.7% in the samples treated with formaldehyde. These results indicate that the application of formaldehyde at different stages of A. bisporus cultivation leads to significant changes in the nutritional value and biological activity of A. bisporus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Kutluer
- Department of Herbal and Animal Production, Kırıkkale Vocational School, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
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Cheng W, Di F, Li L, Pu C, Wang C, Zhang J. Anti-Photodamage Effect of Agaricus blazei Murill Polysaccharide on UVB-Damaged HaCaT Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4676. [PMID: 38731895 PMCID: PMC11083510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
UVB radiation is known to induce photodamage to the skin, disrupt the skin barrier, elicit cutaneous inflammation, and accelerate the aging process. Agaricus blazei Murill (ABM) is an edible medicinal and nutritional fungus. One of its constituents, Agaricus blazei Murill polysaccharide (ABP), has been reported to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory effects, which suggests potential effects that protect against photodamage. In this study, a UVB-induced photodamage HaCaT model was established to investigate the potential reparative effects of ABP and its two constituents (A1 and A2). Firstly, two purified polysaccharides, A1 and A2, were obtained by DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography, and their physical properties and chemical structures were studied. A1 and A2 exhibited a network-like microstructure, with molecular weights of 1.5 × 104 Da and 6.5 × 104 Da, respectively. The effects of A1 and A2 on cell proliferation, the mitochondrial membrane potential, and inflammatory factors were also explored. The results show that A1 and A2 significantly promoted cell proliferation, enhanced the mitochondrial membrane potential, suppressed the expression of inflammatory factors interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and increased the relative content of filaggrin (FLG) and aquaporin-3 (AQP3). The down-regulated JAK-STAT signaling pathway was found to play a role in the response to photodamage. These findings underscore the potential of ABP to ameliorate UVB-induced skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Cheng
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Feiqian Di
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Luyao Li
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Chunhong Pu
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Changtao Wang
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jiachan Zhang
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing 100048, China
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Gherboudj O, Boutaghane N, Kabouche Z, Djeblia L, Zerrougui L, Bekrar M. Phytochemical profiles and evaluation of the biological potential of ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of the aerial parts of Cistus albidus L. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38440804 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2324116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The phytochemical profiles of the ethyl acetate (EAFCA) and n-butanol (BFCA) fractions of the aerial parts of Cistus albidus L., were characterised by a developed LC-ESI-MS/MS method, using 53 fingerprint phytochemicals, revealing the presence of 26 and 22 compounds, respectively with quinic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin, gentisic acid, tannic acid, ellagic acid, quercitrin, astragalin as the major compounds of the EAFCA, in very higher amounts than in the BFCA. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using six methods (DPPH•, ABTS•+, GOR•, CUPRAC, FRAP and Phenanthroline). In agreement with its highest polyphenolic content (430.12 ± 1.02 µg GAE/mg of extract) and largest amounts of identified polyphenolics, the EAFCA exhibited a higher antioxidant activity than the BFCA. Additionally, the EAFCA showed the highest acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition (IC50 of 25.1 ± 2.58 µg/mL). Moreover, both EAFCA and BFCA demonstrated high photoprotective activity, with sun protection factor (SPF) values of 36.49 and 36.52, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouissem Gherboudj
- Université frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Laboratoire d'Obtention de Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Campus Chasbet Ersas, Constantine, Algeria
- Université frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Laboratoire de Synthèse de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Naima Boutaghane
- Université frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Laboratoire d'Obtention de Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Campus Chasbet Ersas, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Zahia Kabouche
- Université frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Laboratoire d'Obtention de Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Campus Chasbet Ersas, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Lamia Djeblia
- Université frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Laboratoire d'Obtention de Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Campus Chasbet Ersas, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Leila Zerrougui
- Université frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Manel Bekrar
- Université frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Constantine, Algeria
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Sim WJ, Lee E, Lee G, Lim W, Lim TG. Inhibition of Photoaging by Anthocyanin Metabolites Derived from Rose Petal Extract. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300611. [PMID: 38319040 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Rose petal extract (RPE) shows a significant antioxidant effect through its anthocyanin content. However, the mechanism underlying the anti-aging effects of orally administered RPE remains unclear. This study aims to describe the anti-aging effect and mechanism of action of orally administered RPE in ultraviolet (UV)B-induced skin aging. METHODS AND RESULTS This study evaluates the protein expression of collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) and the mRNA expression of hyaluronic synthase 2 (HAS2) in human dermal fibroblasts. In addition, the hyaluronidase and collagenase inhibitory activities of RPE are confirmed. To evaluate the anti-aging effects of RPE, SKH-1 hairless mice are administered RPE daily for 12 weeks. Wrinkle formation, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and skin moisture loss induced by UVB irradiation are suppressed in the dorsal skin of SKH-1 hairless mice orally administered RPE. Oral administration of RPE suppresses UVB irradiation-induced collagen disruption and reduction of hyaluronic acid. To find the bioactive compound in the RPE, serum protocatechuic acid (PCA), an anthocyanin metabolite, is analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). CONCLUSION Anthocyanins in RPE are metabolized to PCA in the body and circulated through the bloodstream to exhibit anti-aging effects on the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jin Sim
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Lee
- Research Group of Traditional Food, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Gakyung Lee
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Natural Products, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonchul Lim
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gyu Lim
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
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Park SM, Jung CJ, Lee DG, Yu YE, Ku TH, Hong MS, Lim TK, Paeng KI, Cho HK, Cho IJ, Ku SK. Elaeagnus umbellata Fruit Extract Protects Skin from Ultraviolet-Mediated Photoaging in Hairless Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:195. [PMID: 38397793 PMCID: PMC10885948 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Photoaging refers to the accumulation of skin damage which includes wrinkle formation, loss of elasticity, and epidermal thickening due to repeated ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The present study investigated the protective effects of Elaeagnus umbellata fruit extract (Elaea) on UV-mediated photoaged skin of SKH1 hairless mice and compared the effects of Elaea with ascorbic acid. Although there was no difference in body weight between groups during experimental period, oral administration of 50-200 mg/kg Elaea once daily for 15 weeks significantly prevented an increase in skin weight, epithelial thickening of epidermis, and apoptosis caused by UV irradiation. Skin replica and histopathological analyses revealed that Elaea dose-dependently decreased wrinkle and microfold formation. In addition, Elaea administration restored UV-mediated reduction in type I collagen and hyaluronan through the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase expression. Moreover, Elaea suppressed UV-dependent increases in superoxide anion production, fatty acid oxidation, and protein nitration by up-regulating antioxidant system. Furthermore, Elaea alleviated infiltration of inflammatory cells in UV-irradiated skin. The preventive effects of 100 mg/kg Elaea administration against UV-induced photoaging were similar to those by 100 mg/kg ascorbic acid. Collectively, the present study suggests that the E. umbellata fruit is a promising edible candidate to prevent skin photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Man Park
- Department of Histology and Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea; (S.-M.P.); (C.-J.J.); (D.-G.L.)
- Central Research Center, Okchundang Inc., Daegu 41059, Republic of Korea;
| | - Cheol-Jong Jung
- Department of Histology and Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea; (S.-M.P.); (C.-J.J.); (D.-G.L.)
- Central Research Center, Okchundang Inc., Daegu 41059, Republic of Korea;
| | - Dae-Geon Lee
- Department of Histology and Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea; (S.-M.P.); (C.-J.J.); (D.-G.L.)
- Central Research Center, Okchundang Inc., Daegu 41059, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yeong-Eun Yu
- Central Research Center, Okchundang Inc., Daegu 41059, Republic of Korea;
| | - Tae-Hun Ku
- Okchundang Korean Medicine Clinic, Ulsan 44900, Republic of Korea;
| | - Mu-Seok Hong
- Rodam Korean Medical Clinic, Seoul 06038, Republic of Korea; (M.-S.H.); (T.-K.L.); (K.-I.P.); (H.-K.C.)
| | - Tae-Kyung Lim
- Rodam Korean Medical Clinic, Seoul 06038, Republic of Korea; (M.-S.H.); (T.-K.L.); (K.-I.P.); (H.-K.C.)
| | - Kwong-Il Paeng
- Rodam Korean Medical Clinic, Seoul 06038, Republic of Korea; (M.-S.H.); (T.-K.L.); (K.-I.P.); (H.-K.C.)
| | - Hyun-Ki Cho
- Rodam Korean Medical Clinic, Seoul 06038, Republic of Korea; (M.-S.H.); (T.-K.L.); (K.-I.P.); (H.-K.C.)
| | - Il-Je Cho
- Central Research Center, Okchundang Inc., Daegu 41059, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sae-Kwang Ku
- Department of Histology and Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea; (S.-M.P.); (C.-J.J.); (D.-G.L.)
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Rodrigues RB, de Oliveira MM, Garcia FP, Ueda-Nakamura T, de Oliveira Silva S, Nakamura CV. Dithiothreitol reduces oxidative stress and necrosis caused by ultraviolet A radiation in L929 fibroblasts. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:271-284. [PMID: 38305951 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00516-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation, present in sunlight, can induce cell redox imbalance leading to cellular damage and even cell death, compromising skin health. Here, we evaluated the in vitro antioxidant and photochemoprotective effect of dithiothreitol (DTT). DTT neutralized the free radicals 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS·+), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·), and superoxide anion (O2·-) in in vitro assays, as well as the ferric ion (Fe3+) in the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. We also evaluated the effect of DTT pre-treatment in L929 dermal fibroblasts and DTT (50 and 100 µM) led to greater cell viability following UVA-irradiation compared to cells that were untreated. Furthermore, the pre-treatment of cells with DTT prevented the increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lipid peroxidation, and DNA condensation, as well as the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), that occurred following irradiation in untreated cells. The endogenous antioxidant system of cells was also improved in irradiated cells that were DTT pre-treated compared to the untreated cells, as the activity of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes remained as high as non-irradiated cells, while the activity levels were depleted in the untreated irradiated cells. Furthermore, DTT reduced necrosis in UVA-irradiated fibroblasts. Together, these results showed that DTT may have promising use in the prevention of skin photoaging and photodamage induced by UVA, as it provided photochemoprotection against the harmful effects of this radiation, reducing oxidative stress and cell death, due mainly to its antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Bufollo Rodrigues
- Biological Sciences Post-graduation Program, Maringá State University, Av. Colombo, n. 5790, Zona 7, Maringá, Paraná, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | - Francielle Pelegrin Garcia
- Biological Sciences Post-graduation Program, Maringá State University, Av. Colombo, n. 5790, Zona 7, Maringá, Paraná, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Tânia Ueda-Nakamura
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-graduation Program, Maringá State University, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Biological Sciences Post-graduation Program, Maringá State University, Av. Colombo, n. 5790, Zona 7, Maringá, Paraná, CEP 87020-900, Brazil.
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-graduation Program, Maringá State University, Maringá, Brazil.
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Zhu S, Jia L, Wang X, Liu T, Qin W, Ma H, Lv Y, Hu J, Guo Q, Tan S, Yue X, Yan Y, Liu T, Liu Y, Xia Q, Zhang P, Zhang H, Li N. Anti-aging formula protects skin from oxidative stress-induced senescence through the inhibition of CXCR2 expression. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116996. [PMID: 37598772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The skin is affected by endogenous and exogenous factors, which are the intuitive consequence expression of aging. Aging not only affects the aesthetics of the skin but also causes the decline of skin functions, leading to many skin diseases and even skin cancer. Anti-aging formula (AAF) has various biological effects such as antioxidants, regulation of intestinal flora metabolism, anti-aging, and memory improvement. However, it is not clarified whether it could be anti-aging of the skin and the anti-aging mechanism. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate whether AAF could prevent skin from oxidative stress-induced senescence and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS A mouse skin oxidative stress aging model was established based on ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, and parameters such as skin water content, melanogenesis, wrinkle production, pathological changes, and aging marker proteins were measured to elucidate whether AAF has an anti-aging effect on the skin. Subsequently, transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) was used to identify target genes. An in vitro cellular senescence model was established to assess the role of AAF against cellular oxidative stress senescence by detecting senescence-related markers, while the specific mechanism of action of AAF in delaying skin senescence was elucidated by silencing or overexpression of targets. RESULTS In vivo experiments demonstrated that AAF significantly increased skin water content, reduced skin sensitivity and melanin content, slowed wrinkles, improved UV-induced epidermal thickening, increased collagen fiber content, improved elastic fiber morphology, and reduced the expression of senescence proteins P21 and P16 in skin tissues. The RNA-Seq results identified chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) as one of the potential targets for delaying skin senescence. In vitro experiments showed that AAF markedly improved the aging phenotype, and knockdown or overexpression experiments verified the essential role of CXCR2 in the skin senescence process. Mechanistic studies suggested that AAF inhibited the P38/P53 pathway by reducing CXCR2 expression, which improved the aging phenotype, reduced oxidative damage, and ultimately delayed cellular senescence. CONCLUSION The results reveal that AAF protects skin from oxidative stress-induced senescence by regulating the expression of critical target CXCR2, reducing P38 protein phosphorylation, and inhibiting P53 pathway activation. These discoveries implicate the potential of AAF in the protection of skin aging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Formulation, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Linlin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Formulation, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Shangluo City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi, 726099, China
| | - Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Formulation, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Wenxiao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Formulation, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Hongfei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Formulation, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yingshuang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Formulation, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Formulation, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Qianyu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Siyi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Formulation, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Formulation, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yiqi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Formulation, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Formulation, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Qingmei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Formulation, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Formulation, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Formulation, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Formulation, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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8
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Pinto D, Silva AM, Dall'Acqua S, Sut S, Vallverdú-Queralt A, Delerue-Matos C, Rodrigues F. Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion of Chestnut ( Castanea sativa Mill.) Shell Extract Prepared by Subcritical Water Extraction: Bioaccessibility, Bioactivity, and Intestinal Permeability by In Vitro Assays. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1414. [PMID: 37507953 PMCID: PMC10376477 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chestnut shells (CSs) are an appealing source of bioactive molecules, and constitute a popular research topic. This study explores the effects of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and intestinal permeability on the bioaccessibility and bioactivity of polyphenols from CS extract prepared by subcritical water extraction (SWE). The results unveiled higher phenolic concentrations retained after gastric and intestinal digestion. The bioaccessibility and antioxidant/antiradical properties were enhanced in the following order: oral < gastric ≤ intestinal digests, attaining 40% of the maximum bioaccessibility. Ellagic acid was the main polyphenol in the digested and undigested extract, while pyrogallol-protocatechuic acid derivative was only quantified in the digests. The CS extract revealed potential mild hypoglycemic (<25%) and neuroprotective (<75%) properties before and after in vitro digestion, along with upmodulating the antioxidant enzymes' activities and downregulating the lipid peroxidation. The intestinal permeation of ellagic acid achieved 22.89% after 240 min. This study highlighted the efficacy of the CS extract on the delivery of polyphenols, sustaining its promising use as nutraceutical ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Pinto
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Silva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefania Sut
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Vallverdú-Queralt
- Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy Department, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
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9
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Wójciak M, Ziemlewska A, Zagórska-Dziok M, Nizioł-Łukaszewska Z, Szczepanek D, Oniszczuk T, Sowa I. Anti-Inflammatory and Protective Effects of Water Extract and Bioferment from Sambucus nigra Fruit in LPS-Induced Human Skin Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10286. [PMID: 37373433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, an attempt was made to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and protective effects of the Sambucus nigra fruit extract and its ferment obtained by fermentation with kombucha tea fungus. For this purpose, fermented and non-fermented extracts were compared in terms of their chemical composition by the HPLC/ESI-MS chromatographic method. The antioxidant activity of the tested samples was assessed using DPPH and ABTS assays. Cytotoxicity was also determined using Alamar Blue and Neutral Red tests to assess the viability and metabolism of fibroblast and keratinocyte skin cells. Potential anti-aging properties were determined by their ability to inhibit the activity of the metalloproteinases collagenase and elastase. Tests showed that the extract and the ferment have antioxidant properties and stimulate the proliferation of both cell types. The study also assessed the anti-inflammatory activity of the extract and ferment by monitoring levels of the pro-inflammatory interleukins IL-6, IL-1ß, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory IL-10 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated fibroblast cells. The results indicate that both the S. nigra extract and its kombucha ferment can be effective in preventing free-radical-induced cell damage and have positive effects on skin cell health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wójciak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Ziemlewska
- Department of Technology of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Kielnarowa 386a, 36-020 Tyczyn, Poland
| | - Martyna Zagórska-Dziok
- Department of Technology of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Kielnarowa 386a, 36-020 Tyczyn, Poland
| | - Zofia Nizioł-Łukaszewska
- Department of Technology of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Kielnarowa 386a, 36-020 Tyczyn, Poland
| | - Dariusz Szczepanek
- Chair and Department of Neurosurgery and Paediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Oniszczuk
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Sowa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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10
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Sun W, Shahrajabian MH. Therapeutic Potential of Phenolic Compounds in Medicinal Plants-Natural Health Products for Human Health. Molecules 2023; 28:1845. [PMID: 36838831 PMCID: PMC9960276 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds and flavonoids are potential substitutes for bioactive agents in pharmaceutical and medicinal sections to promote human health and prevent and cure different diseases. The most common flavonoids found in nature are anthocyanins, flavones, flavanones, flavonols, flavanonols, isoflavones, and other sub-classes. The impacts of plant flavonoids and other phenolics on human health promoting and diseases curing and preventing are antioxidant effects, antibacterial impacts, cardioprotective effects, anticancer impacts, immune system promoting, anti-inflammatory effects, and skin protective effects from UV radiation. This work aims to provide an overview of phenolic compounds and flavonoids as potential and important sources of pharmaceutical and medical application according to recently published studies, as well as some interesting directions for future research. The keyword searches for flavonoids, phenolics, isoflavones, tannins, coumarins, lignans, quinones, xanthones, curcuminoids, stilbenes, cucurmin, phenylethanoids, and secoiridoids medicinal plant were performed by using Web of Science, Scopus, Google scholar, and PubMed. Phenolic acids contain a carboxylic acid group in addition to the basic phenolic structure and are mainly divided into hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids. Hydroxybenzoic acids are based on a C6-C1 skeleton and are often found bound to small organic acids, glycosyl moieties, or cell structural components. Common hydroxybenzoic acids include gallic, syringic, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, gentistic, and salicylic acids. Hydroxycinnamic acids are based on a C6-C3 skeleton and are also often bound to other molecules such as quinic acid and glucose. The main hydroxycinnamic acids are caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Sun
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13-4260-83836
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11
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Russo S, Torrisi C, Cardullo N, Muccilli V, La Mantia A, Castelli F, Acquaviva R, Sarpietro MG. Ethyl Protocatechuate Encapsulation in Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Assessment of Pharmacotechnical Parameters and Preliminary In Vitro Evaluation for Colorectal Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020394. [PMID: 36839716 PMCID: PMC9958676 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most diffused tumoral diseases. Since most medicaments employed for its treatment are debilitating, the use of naturally derived products, which can be effective against the mutated cells and, in addition, can reduce most inflammatory-related effects, could be extremely beneficial for the continued treatment of this disease. In this research, ethyl protocatechuate (PCAEE), a protocatechuic acid prodrug, was encapsulated in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) (prepared without and with Tween 80), which were characterized in terms of size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential and thermotropic behavior. Encapsulation efficiency, release profile and interaction with a model of biomembrane were also assessed. The nanoparticles were tested in vitro on both healthy cells and on a model of tumoral cells. SLN prepared with Tween 80 was promising in terms of physicochemical properties (z-average of 190 nm, PDI 0.150 and zeta potential around -20 mV) and encapsulation efficiency (56%); they showed a desirable release profile, demonstrated an ability to penetrate and release the encapsulated PCAEE into a biomembrane model and were nontoxic on healthy cells. In addition, they caused a greater dose-dependent decrease in the viability of CaCo-2 cells than PCAEE alone. In conclusion, the formulation could be proposed for further studies to assess its suitability for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Russo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Torrisi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Nunzio Cardullo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Vera Muccilli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Alfonsina La Mantia
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Castelli
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosaria Acquaviva
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Sarpietro
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence:
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12
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Kraokaew P, Manohong P, Prasertsuksri P, Jattujan P, Niamnont N, Tamtin M, Sobhon P, Meemon K. Ethyl Acetate Extract of Marine Algae, Halymenia durvillei, Provides Photoprotection against UV-Exposure in L929 and HaCaT Cells. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:707. [PMID: 36421985 PMCID: PMC9696495 DOI: 10.3390/md20110707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Halymenia durvillei is a red alga distributed along the coasts of Southeast Asian countries including Thailand. Previous studies have shown that an ethyl acetate fraction of H. durvillei (HDEA), containing major compounds including n-hexadecanoic acid, 2-butyl-5-hexyloctahydro-1H-indene, 3-(hydroxyacetyl) indole and indole-3-carboxylic acid, possesses high antioxidant and anti-lung cancer activities. The present study demonstrated that HDEA could protect mouse skin fibroblasts (L929) and human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) against photoaging due to ultraviolet A and B (UVA and UVB) by reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expressions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP1 and MMP3), as well as increasing Nrf2 nuclear translocation, upregulations of mRNA transcripts of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), heme oxygenase (HMOX) and glutathione S-transferase pi1 (GSTP1), and procollagen synthesis. The results indicate that HDEA has the potential to protect skin cells from UV irradiation through the activation of the Nrf2 pathway, which leads to decreasing intracellular ROS and MMP production, along with the restoration of skin collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pichnaree Kraokaew
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Preeyanuch Manohong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Mod, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | | | - Prapaporn Jattujan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Nakhon Niamnont
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Mod, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Montakan Tamtin
- Kung Krabean Bay Royal Development Center, Department of Fisheries, Khlong Khut Sub-District, Tha Mai, Chantaburi 22000, Thailand
| | - Prasert Sobhon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Krai Meemon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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13
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Martins RM, de Siqueira Martins S, Barbosa GLF, Fonseca MJV, Rochette PJ, Moulin VJ, de Freitas LAP, de Freitas LAP. Photoprotective effect of solid lipid nanoparticles of rutin against UVB radiation damage on skin biopsies and tissue-engineered skin. J Microencapsul 2022; 39:668-679. [PMID: 36476253 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2022.2156631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) containing rutin were prepared to enhance their photochemopreventive effect on the skin. SLNs were produced by the hot melt microemulsion technique. Two 3D skin models: ex vivo skin explants and 3D tissue engineering skin were used to evaluate the photochemopreventive effect of topical formulations containing rutin SLNs, against ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, inducing sunburn cells, caspase-3, cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, lipid peroxidation, and metalloproteinase formation. The rutin SLNs presented average size of 74.22 ± 2.77 nm, polydispersion index of 0.16 ± 0.04, encapsulation efficiency of 98.90 ± 0.25%, and zeta potential of -53.0 ± 1.61 mV. The rutin SLNs were able to efficiently protect against UVB induced in the analysed parameters in both skin models. Furthermore, the rutin SLNs inhibited lipid peroxidation and metalloproteinase formation. These results support the use of rutin SLNs as skin photochemopreventive agents for topical application to the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Molina Martins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Center for Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Paraíba, Paraíba, Brazil.,Center of Higher Education and Development (CESED)-UNIFACISA, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Silvia de Siqueira Martins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Maria José Vieira Fonseca
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Patrick J Rochette
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec, Canada
| | - Véronique J Moulin
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Luis Alexandre Pedro de Freitas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Luis Alexandre Pedro de Freitas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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14
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Photo-Protective and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Antidesma thwaitesianum Müll. Arg. Fruit Extract against UVB-Induced Keratinocyte Cell Damage. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27155034. [PMID: 35956984 PMCID: PMC9370488 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27155034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The main cause of most skin cancers is damage from UVB from sunlight, which penetrate the skin surface and induce inflammation. For this reason, this study aims to identify natural products with photo-protection properties and their mode of action by using the UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocyte model. Antidesma thwaitesianum fruit extracts at 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL recovered cell viability following UVB exposure in a dose-dependent manner. Cell survival was associated with the reduction in intracellular ROS and NO. In addition, we showed that the pre-treatment with the fruit extract lowered the phosphorylation level of two MAPK-signaling pathways: p38 MAPKs and JNKs. The resulting lower MAPK activation decreased their downstream pro-inflammatory cascade through COX-2 expression and subsequently reduced the PGE2 proinflammatory mediator level. The photoprotective effects of the fruit extract were correlated with the presence of polyphenolic compounds, including cyanidin, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, and protocatechuic acid, which have been previously described as antioxidant and anti-inflammation. Together, we demonstrated that the pre-treatment with the fruit extract had photo-protection by inhibiting oxidative stress and subsequently lowered stress-induced MAPK responses. Therefore, this fresh fruit is worthy of investigation to be utilized as a skincare ingredient for preventing UVB-induced skin damage.
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15
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He H, Xiong L, Jian L, Li L, Wu Y, Qiao S. Role of mitochondria on UV-induced skin damage and molecular mechanisms of active chemical compounds targeting mitochondria. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 232:112464. [PMID: 35597147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the principal place of energy metabolism and ROS production, leading to mtDNA being especially sensitive to the impacts of oxidative stress. Our review aims to elucidate and update the mechanisms of mitochondria in UV-induced skin damage. The mitochondrial deteriorative response to UV manifests morphological and functional alterations, including mitochondrial fusion and fission, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial energy metabolism and mitophagy. Additionally, we conclude the effect and molecular mechanisms of active chemical components to protect skin from UV-induced damage via mitochondrial protection which have been described in the last five years, showing prospective prospects in cosmetics as new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailun He
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; National joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University and Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Lidan Xiong
- Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Cosmetic, Chengdu, China
| | - Linge Jian
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangman Li
- Orthopedics Department, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; National joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University and Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China.
| | - Shuai Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; National joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University and Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China.
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16
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Chen B, Chen H, Qu H, Qiao K, Xu M, Wu J, Su Y, Shi Y, Liu Z, Wang Q. Photoprotective effects of Sargassum thunbergii on ultraviolet B-induced mouse L929 fibroblasts and zebrafish. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:144. [PMID: 35597942 PMCID: PMC9123674 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03609-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) causes a series of adverse skin reactions, such as erythema, sunburn, photoaging, and cancer, by altering signaling pathways related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. Marine algae have abundant amounts and varieties of bioactive compounds that possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the photoprotective effects of an ethanol extract of Sargassum thunbergii. METHODS Sargassum thunbergii phenolic-rich extract (STPE) was prepared, and its activity against UVB damage was evaluated using L929 fibroblast cells and zebrafish. STPE was extracted and purified by 40% ethanol and macroporous resin XDA-7. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant markers, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were analyzed. The effect of STPE on UVB-induced inflammation was determined by inflammatory cytokine gene and protein expression. The expression of signaling molecules in the Nuclear Factor KappaB (NF-κB) pathway was determined by western blotting. DNA condensation was analyzed and visualized by Hoechst 33342 staining. In vivo evaluation was performed by tail fin area and ROS measurement using the zebrafish model. RESULTS The total polyphenol content of STPE was 72%. STPE reduced ROS content in L929 cells, improved SOD and CAT activities, and significantly reduced MDA content, thereby effectively alleviating UVB radiation-induced oxidative damage. STPE inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1α. STPE reversed DNA condensation at concentrations of 20 and 40 μg/mL compared with the UVB control. Moreover, STPE inhibited NF-κB signaling pathway activation and alleviated DNA agglutination in L929 cells after UVB irradiation. Additionally, 1.67 μg/mL STPE significantly increased the tail fin area in zebrafish, and 0.8-1.6 μg/mL STPE effectively eliminated excessive ROS after UVB radiation. CONCLUSIONS STPE inhibited UVB-induced oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokine expression, and DNA condensation via the downregulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, suggesting that it prevents UVB-induced photodamage, and has potential for clinical development for skin disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Chen
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, No. 7, Haishan Road, Huli District, Xiamen, 361013 Fujian China
| | - Honghong Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, South Xiangan Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen, 361102 Fujian China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong China
| | - Haidong Qu
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102 Fujian China
| | - Kun Qiao
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, No. 7, Haishan Road, Huli District, Xiamen, 361013 Fujian China
| | - Min Xu
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, No. 7, Haishan Road, Huli District, Xiamen, 361013 Fujian China
| | - Jingna Wu
- Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023 Fujian China
| | - Yongchang Su
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, No. 7, Haishan Road, Huli District, Xiamen, 361013 Fujian China
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, South Xiangan Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen, 361102 Fujian China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, No. 7, Haishan Road, Huli District, Xiamen, 361013 Fujian China
| | - Qin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, South Xiangan Road, Xiang’an District, Xiamen, 361102 Fujian China
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17
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Shi Y, Ren J, Zhao B, Zhu T, Qi H. Photoprotective Mechanism of Fucoxanthin in Ultraviolet B Irradiation-Induced Retinal Müller Cells Based on Lipidomics Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:3181-3193. [PMID: 35199529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to sunlight and/or blue light causes vision damage to people of all ages. Dietary pigments and polyphenols have been shown to have photoprotective potential for eyes; however, many unknowns regarding the protective mechanism remain. In this study, we used ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation-induced retinal Müller cells (RMCs) to screen for dietary polyphenols and pigment compounds with effective photoprotective activity. Fucoxanthin (FX) was shown to have the best therapeutic effect, and the mechanism was evaluated via lipidomics analysis. Both intra- and extracellular ROS, mitochondrial depolarization, and DNA damage induced by UVB irradiation were inhibited by FX. Meanwhile, FX modulated the MAPK signaling pathway, which is correlated with apoptosis and inflammation. Our lipidomics data revealed that FX regulated lipid metabolism disorder and protected the membrane structure. These results confirm the effective photoprotective effects of FX, which may lead to new insights into FX-functionalized photoprotective foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Shi
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Liaoning Provincial Aquatic Products Deep Processing Technology Research Center, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Jiaying Ren
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Liaoning Provincial Aquatic Products Deep Processing Technology Research Center, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Baomin Zhao
- Jiangsu Palarich Food Co., Ltd., Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Taihai Zhu
- Jiangsu Palarich Food Co., Ltd., Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Hang Qi
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Liaoning Provincial Aquatic Products Deep Processing Technology Research Center, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
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18
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Angelé-Martínez C, Ameer FS, Raval YS, Huang G, Tzeng TRJ, Anker JN, Brumaghim JL. Polyphenol effects on CuO-nanoparticle-mediated DNA damage, reactive oxygen species generation, and fibroblast cell death. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 78:105252. [PMID: 34624480 PMCID: PMC8671380 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The ability of ten polyphenolic antioxidants to prevent CuO nanoparticle (NPCuO) and H2O2-mediated DNA damage and cytotoxicity was investigated. Five of the polyphenols (MEPCA, PREGA, MEGA, ECG, and EGCG) prevent NPCuO/H2O2-mediated DNA damage (IC50 values of 7.5-800 μM), three have no effect (PCA, VA, and EC), and two (GA and EGC) result in increased DNA damage. Most polyphenols had similar antioxidant/prooxidant activity in the presence of NPCuO or free copper ions. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NPCuO/H2O2 in the presence of representative polyphenols correlate with results of DNA damage studies: in the presence of NPCuO/H2O2, MEPCA prevents ROS formation, VA has no effect on ROS levels, and EGC increases ROS levels. EPR results with CuO nanoparticles washed to remove dissolved copper in solution (wCuO) in the presence of H2O2/ascorbate suggest that MEPCA prevents ROS formation on the nanoparticle surface in addition to preventing ROS formation from dissolved copper. In mouse fibroblast (L929) cells, combining NPCuO with H2O2 results in significantly greater cytotoxicity than observed for either component alone. After 3 h incubation with MEPCA or MEGA, the viability loss in L929 cells induced by NPCuO/H2O2 challenge was significantly rescued at physiologically relevant polyphenol levels (1 μM). These studies show that polyphenols can protect DNA and inhibit cytotoxicity generated by NPCuO under oxidative stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fathima S Ameer
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0973, USA.
| | - Yash S Raval
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Guohui Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Tzuen-Rong J Tzeng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Jeffrey N Anker
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0973, USA.
| | - Julia L Brumaghim
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0973, USA.
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19
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Abiola TT, Rioux B, Toldo JM, Alarcan J, Woolley JM, Turner MAP, Coxon DJL, Telles do Casal M, Peyrot C, Mention MM, Buma WJ, Ashfold MNR, Braeuning A, Barbatti M, Stavros VG, Allais F. Towards developing novel and sustainable molecular light-to-heat converters. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15239-15252. [PMID: 34976344 PMCID: PMC8634993 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05077j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-to-heat conversion materials generate great interest due to their widespread applications, notable exemplars being solar energy harvesting and photoprotection. Another more recently identified potential application for such materials is in molecular heaters for agriculture, whose function is to protect crops from extreme cold weather and extend both the growing season and the geographic areas capable of supporting growth, all of which could help reduce food security challenges. To address this demand, a new series of phenolic-based barbituric absorbers of ultraviolet (UV) radiation has been designed and synthesised in a sustainable manner. The photophysics of these molecules has been studied in solution using femtosecond transient electronic and vibrational absorption spectroscopies, allied with computational simulations and their potential toxicity assessed by in silico studies. Following photoexcitation to the lowest singlet excited state, these barbituric absorbers repopulate the electronic ground state with high fidelity on an ultrafast time scale (within a few picoseconds). The energy relaxation pathway includes a twisted intramolecular charge-transfer state as the system evolves out of the Franck–Condon region, internal conversion to the ground electronic state, and subsequent vibrational cooling. These barbituric absorbers display promising light-to-heat conversion capabilities, are predicted to be non-toxic, and demand further study within neighbouring application-based fields. The synthesis and photophysical properties of phenolic barbiturics are reported. These molecules convert absorbed ultraviolet light to heat with high fidelity and may be suitable for inclusion in foliar sprays to boost crop protection and production.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Temitope T Abiola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Benjamin Rioux
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies (ABI), CEBB, AgroParisTech 51110 Pomacle France
| | | | - Jimmy Alarcan
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany
| | - Jack M Woolley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Matthew A P Turner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK .,Department of Physics, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Daniel J L Coxon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK .,Department of Physics, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK.,EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Diamond Science and Technology UK
| | | | - Cédric Peyrot
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies (ABI), CEBB, AgroParisTech 51110 Pomacle France
| | - Matthieu M Mention
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies (ABI), CEBB, AgroParisTech 51110 Pomacle France
| | - Wybren J Buma
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands.,Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University 6525 ED Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Michael N R Ashfold
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Albert Braeuning
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany
| | - Mario Barbatti
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR Marseille France .,Institut Universitaire de France 75231 Paris France
| | - Vasilios G Stavros
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Florent Allais
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies (ABI), CEBB, AgroParisTech 51110 Pomacle France
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20
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Kim MJ, Ha SJ, So BR, Kim CK, Kim KM, Jung SK. NADPH Oxidase and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Are Promising Targets of Phytochemicals for Ultraviolet-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121909. [PMID: 34943012 PMCID: PMC8750051 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin acts as the primary defense organ that protects the body from the external environment. Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Skin carcinogenesis is usually caused by cell degeneration due to exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which causes changes in various signaling networks, disrupting the homeostasis of single skin cells. In this review, we summarize the roles of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in UV-induced skin carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we describe the crosstalk that exists between NOX, EGFR, and protein tyrosine phosphatase κ and its oncogenic downstream signaling pathways. Chemoprevention is the use of chemical compounds to recover the healthy status of the skin or delay cancer development. Current evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies on chemopreventive phytochemicals that target NOX, EGFR, or both, as major regulators of skin carcinogenesis will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (M.J.K.); (B.R.S.)
| | - Su Jeong Ha
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Bo Ram So
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (M.J.K.); (B.R.S.)
| | - Chang-Kil Kim
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- Division of Plant Biosciences, School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.-M.K.); (S.K.J.); Tel.: +82-53-950-5711 (K.-M.K.); +82-53-950-7764 (S.K.J.)
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (M.J.K.); (B.R.S.)
- Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.-M.K.); (S.K.J.); Tel.: +82-53-950-5711 (K.-M.K.); +82-53-950-7764 (S.K.J.)
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21
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Zhou Y, He L, Zhang N, Ma L, Yao L. Photoprotective Effect of Artemisia sieversiana Ehrhart Essential Oil Against UVB-induced Photoaging in Mice. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 98:958-968. [PMID: 34767631 DOI: 10.1111/php.13561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Photoaging refers to the extrinsic aging resulting from ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, which impacts skin appearance and is accompanied by the risk of skin carcinoma. Developing natural products as photoprotective agents is of great interest in cosmetic industry nowadays. The present study aimed at investigating the possible use of Artemisia sieversiana Ehrhart essential oil (AEO) for the prevention of photoaging induced by UVB. AEO was characterized by chamazulene, which accounted for 38.92% among total 51 identified compounds. In in vitro assays, AEO was found to be a moderate antioxidant and good UVB filter with photostability. A UVB-induced photoaging mice model was established with three AEO formulations (0.1%, 0.5% and 1.5%, w/w) topically applied prior to UVB irradiation. The activities of catalase, particularly superoxide dismutase of skin increased, while malondialdehyde content decreased in AEO groups as compared with model controls. The production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1 and MMP-3) and depletion of hydroxyproline in skin were inhibited by AEO in a dose-dependent manner. Histological evaluation indicated that AEO decreased epidermal thickness, inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen degradation and elastin aberrance. These findings indicated that AEO could be a promising sunscreen agent in protecting the skin against photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,R&D Center for Aromatic Plants, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei He
- R&D Center for Aromatic Plants, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Resources and Environment, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,R&D Center for Aromatic Plants, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,R&D Center for Aromatic Plants, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Yao
- Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,R&D Center for Aromatic Plants, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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22
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Floris B, Galloni P, Conte V, Sabuzi F. Tailored Functionalization of Natural Phenols to Improve Biological Activity. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1325. [PMID: 34572538 PMCID: PMC8467377 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenols are widespread in nature, being the major components of several plants and essential oils. Natural phenols' anti-microbial, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, pharmacological and nutritional properties are, nowadays, well established. Hence, given their peculiar biological role, numerous studies are currently ongoing to overcome their limitations, as well as to enhance their activity. In this review, the functionalization of selected natural phenols is critically examined, mainly highlighting their improved bioactivity after the proper chemical transformations. In particular, functionalization of the most abundant naturally occurring monophenols, diphenols, lipidic phenols, phenolic acids, polyphenols and curcumin derivatives is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Floris
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, snc, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Pierluca Galloni
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, snc, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Valeria Conte
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, snc, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Federica Sabuzi
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, snc, 00133 Roma, Italy
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23
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Zhou C, Ao HY, Han X, Jiang WW, Yang ZF, Ma L, Deng XY, Wan YZ. Engineering a novel antibacterial agent with multifunction: Protocatechuic acid-grafted-quaternized chitosan. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 258:117683. [PMID: 33593556 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As a mild cationic antibacterial agent, hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC) could kill gram-positive bacteria and gram-positive drug-resistant bacteria without cytotoxicity. Nevertheless, it was not effective against gram-negative bacteria. Herein, protocatechuic acid (PA) with broad-spectrum antibacterial properties and pharmacological activities was grafted on HACC. PA-g-HACC showed favourable antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory properties. Most importantly, the results of antibacterial assay indicated that the antibacterial rates of all PA-g-HACC groups against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were above 92 %, and the antibacterial rate of PA-g-HACC against E. coli was increased with the amount of grafted PA. Furthermore, the cytocompatibility of PA-g-HACC was improved by appropriate grafting ratio of PA, while excessive grafted PA can lead to toxicity. We believe that PA-g-HACC in optimum grafting ratio of PA with favorable antibacterial properties, pharmacological activities and cytocompatibility will be potential antibacterial agent for treating infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhou
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials & Institute of Advanced Materials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Hai-Yong Ao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials & Institute of Advanced Materials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330000, China.
| | - Xiao Han
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Wen-Wen Jiang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials & Institute of Advanced Materials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Yang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials & Institute of Advanced Materials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Le Ma
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials & Institute of Advanced Materials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Deng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials & Institute of Advanced Materials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Yi-Zao Wan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials & Institute of Advanced Materials, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330000, China.
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24
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Chen Q, Xu B, Huang W, Amrouche AT, Maurizio B, Simal-Gandara J, Tundis R, Xiao J, Zou L, Lu B. Edible flowers as functional raw materials: A review on anti-aging properties. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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25
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Daré RG, Nakamura CV, Ximenes VF, Lautenschlager SOS. Tannic acid, a promising anti-photoaging agent: Evidences of its antioxidant and anti-wrinkle potentials, and its ability to prevent photodamage and MMP-1 expression in L929 fibroblasts exposed to UVB. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:342-355. [PMID: 32858160 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic and unprotect UV exposure leads to skin oxidative stress, following accumulation of damaged cellular components and downstream activation of specific signaling pathways, culminating in premature skin aging (photoaging). In this concern, polyphenols have been proposed for the prevention of skin disorders UV-generated. In the present study, we compared gallic acid (GA) and tannic acid (TA) regarding their potentials in prevent photoaging, using cell-free assays. The most promising compound was further investigated for its photoprotection abilities in UVB-irradiated L929 fibroblasts. TA was more efficient in scavenging radicals DPPH•, superoxide anion, peroxyl, nitric oxide and peroxynitrite, and to reduce ferric ions. Although GA and TA exhibited similar inhibitory activity towards collagenase, TA was more potent in inhibit elastase. In addition, TA presented a broader UV absorption spectrum. Furthermore, TA treatment in UVB-irradiated cells attenuated redox imbalance, as observed by its ability to inhibit ROS production, NADPH oxidase activation and depletion of endogenous antioxidant defense system. Moreover, TA treatment prevented cellular photodamage and subsequently photoaging, by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, depolarization of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, DNA damage, and MMP-1 expression, a protein closely related to the structural degeneration of the dermis extracellular matrix. In conclusion, the results indicate the potential of TA in act as anti-photoaging agent, due to its potent antioxidant, anti-collagenase and anti-elastase activities, and UV-absorption effects, and its ability in prevent oxidative stress, oxidative damages and MMP-1 induction in UVB-irradiated L929 fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina G Daré
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná, 87020900, Brazil
| | - Celso V Nakamura
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná, 87020900, Brazil; Department of Basic Health Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná, 87020900, Brazil
| | - Valdecir F Ximenes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Bauru, São Paulo, 17033360, Brazil
| | - Sueli O S Lautenschlager
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná, 87020900, Brazil; Department of Basic Health Sciences, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná, 87020900, Brazil.
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26
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Song J, He Y, Luo C, Feng B, Ran F, Xu H, Ci Z, Xu R, Han L, Zhang D. New progress in the pharmacology of protocatechuic acid: A compound ingested in daily foods and herbs frequently and heavily. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105109. [PMID: 32738494 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Protocatechuic acid is a natural phenolic acid, which widely exists in our daily diet and herbs. It is also one of the main metabolites of complex polyphenols, such as anthocyanins and proanthocyanins. In recent years, a large number of studies on the pharmacological activities of protocatechuic acid have emerged. Protocatechuic acid has a wide range of pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, antiosteoporotic, analgesia, antiaging activties; protection from metabolic syndrome; and preservation of liver, kidneys, and reproductive functions. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that the absorption and elimination rate of protocatechuic acid are faster, with glucuronidation and sulfation being the major metabolic pathways. However, protocatechuic acid displays a dual-directional regulatory effect on some pharmacological activities. When the concentration is very high, it can inhibit cell proliferation and reduce survival rate. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of protocatechuic acid with emphasis on its pharmacological activities discovered in recent 5 years, so as to provide more up-to-date and thorough information for the preclinical and clinical research of protocatechuic acid in the future. Moreover, it is hoped that the clinical application of protocatechuic acid can be broadened, giving full play to its characteristics of rich sources, low toxicity and wide pharmacological activites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Song
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research and Utilization on Chinese Meterial Medical Resources Co-founded by Sichuan Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Yanan He
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research and Utilization on Chinese Meterial Medical Resources Co-founded by Sichuan Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Chuanhong Luo
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research and Utilization on Chinese Meterial Medical Resources Co-founded by Sichuan Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Bi Feng
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research and Utilization on Chinese Meterial Medical Resources Co-founded by Sichuan Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Fei Ran
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research and Utilization on Chinese Meterial Medical Resources Co-founded by Sichuan Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Hong Xu
- Chengdu Yongkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Zhimin Ci
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research and Utilization on Chinese Meterial Medical Resources Co-founded by Sichuan Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Runchun Xu
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research and Utilization on Chinese Meterial Medical Resources Co-founded by Sichuan Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Li Han
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research and Utilization on Chinese Meterial Medical Resources Co-founded by Sichuan Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611137, PR China.
| | - Dingkun Zhang
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research and Utilization on Chinese Meterial Medical Resources Co-founded by Sichuan Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611137, PR China.
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27
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Evaluation of lipid nanoparticles for topical delivery of protocatechuic acid and ethyl protocatechuate as a new photoprotection strategy. Int J Pharm 2020; 582:119336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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28
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Sustainable Synthesis of p-Hydroxycinnamic Diacids through Proline-Mediated Knoevenagel Condensation in Ethanol: An Access to Potent Phenolic UV Filters and Radical Scavengers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040331. [PMID: 32325641 PMCID: PMC7222392 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
p-Hydroxycinnamic diacids are reaction intermediates of the classical Knoevenagel–Doebner condensation between malonic acid and benzaldehydes. As they are generally obtained in low yields, they remain relatively under-studied and under-exploited. Herein, we developed and optimized a sustainable synthetic procedure allowing the production of these compounds in good to high yields (60–80%) using proline as the catalyst and ethanol as the solvent. Study of their antioxidant and anti-UV activities revealed that these p-hydroxycinnamic diacids were not only potent radical scavengers but also efficient UV filters exhibiting high photostability.
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