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Jia C, Lai Q, Zhu Y, Feng J, Dan X, Zhang Y, Long Z, Wu J, Wang Z, Qumu X, Wang R, Wang J. Intergrative metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the potential regulatory mechanism of unique dihydroxy fatty acid biosynthesis in the seeds of an industrial oilseed crop Orychophragmus violaceus. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:29. [PMID: 38172664 PMCID: PMC10765717 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09906-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orychophragmus violaceus is a potentially important industrial oilseed crop due to the two 24-carbon dihydroxy fatty acids (diOH-FA) that was newly identified from its seed oil via a 'discontinuous elongation' process. Although many research efforts have focused on the diOH-FA biosynthesis mechanism and identified the potential co-expressed diacylglycerol acyltranferase (DGAT) gene associated with triacylglycerol (TAG)-polyestolides biosynthesis, the dynamics of metabolic changes during seed development of O. violaceus as well as its associated regulatory network changes are poorly understood. RESULTS In this study, by combining metabolome and transcriptome analysis, we identified that 1,003 metabolites and 22,479 genes were active across four stages of seed development, which were further divided into three main clusters based on the patterns of metabolite accumulation and/or gene expression. Among which, cluster2 was mostly related to diOH-FA biosynthesis pathway. We thus further constructed transcription factor (TF)-structural genes regulatory map for the genes associated with the flavonoids, fatty acids and diOH-FA biosynthesis pathway in this cluster. In particular, several TF families such as bHLH, B3, HD-ZIP, MYB were found to potentially regulate the metabolism associated with the diOH-FA pathway. Among which, multiple candidate TFs with promising potential for increasing the diOH-FA content were identified, and we further traced the evolutionary history of these key genes among species of Brassicaceae. CONCLUSION Taken together, our study provides new insight into the gene resources and potential relevant regulatory mechanisms of diOH-FA biosynthesis uniquely in seeds of O. violaceus, which will help to promote the downstream breeding efforts of this potential oilseed crop and advance the bio-lubricant industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfu Jia
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Lai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiman Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuming Dan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqin Long
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiali Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiner Qumu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Hanano A, Blée E, Murphy DJ. Caleosin/peroxygenases: multifunctional proteins in plants. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2023; 131:387-409. [PMID: 36656070 PMCID: PMC10072107 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caleosin/peroxygenases (CLO/PXGs) are a family of multifunctional proteins that are ubiquitous in land plants and are also found in some fungi and green algae. CLO/PXGs were initially described as a class of plant lipid-associated proteins with some similarities to the oleosins that stabilize lipid droplets (LDs) in storage tissues, such as seeds. However, we now know that CLO/PXGs have more complex structures, distributions and functions than oleosins. Structurally, CLO/PXGs share conserved domains that confer specific biochemical features, and they have diverse localizations and functions. SCOPE This review surveys the structural properties of CLO/PXGs and their biochemical roles. In addition to their highly conserved structures, CLO/PXGs have peroxygenase activities and are involved in several aspects of oxylipin metabolism in plants. The enzymatic activities and the spatiotemporal expression of CLO/PXGs are described and linked with their wider involvement in plant physiology. Plant CLO/PXGs have many roles in both biotic and abiotic stress responses in plants and in their responses to environmental toxins. Finally, some intriguing developments in the biotechnological uses of CLO/PXGs are addressed. CONCLUSIONS It is now two decades since CLO/PXGs were first recognized as a new class of lipid-associated proteins and only 15 years since their additional enzymatic functions as a new class of peroxygenases were discovered. There are many interesting research questions that remain to be addressed in future physiological studies of plant CLO/PXGs and in their recently discovered roles in the sequestration and, possibly, detoxification of a wide variety of lipidic xenobiotics that can challenge plant welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulsamie Hanano
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), Damascus, Syria
| | - Elizabeth Blée
- Former Head of Phyto-oxylipins laboratory, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Strasbourg, France
| | - Denis J Murphy
- School of Applied Sciences, University of South Wales, Treforest, UK
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), Damascus, Syria
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Plankensteiner L, Yang J, Bitter JH, Vincken JP, Hennebelle M, Nikiforidis CV. High yield extraction of oleosins, the proteins that plants developed to stabilize oil droplets. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Chen K, Yin Y, Ding Y, Chao H, Li M. Characterization of Oil Body and Starch Granule Dynamics in Developing Seeds of Brassica napus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044201. [PMID: 36835614 PMCID: PMC9967339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Brassica napus is the most important oilseed crop in the world, and the lipid was stored in the oil body (OB) in the form of triacylglycerol. At present, most of studies on the relationship between oil body morphology and seed oil content in B. napus was focused on mature seeds. In the present study, the OBs in different developing seeds of B. napus with relatively high oil content (HOC) of about 50% and low oil content (LOC) of about 39% were analyzed. It was revealed that the size of OBs was first increased and then decreased in both materials. And in late seed developmental stages, the average OB size of rapeseed with HOC was higher than that of LOC, while it was reversed in the early seed developmental stages. No significant difference was observed on starch granule (SG) size in HOC and LOC rapeseed. Further results indicated that the expression of genes that involved in malonyl-CoA metabolism, fatty acid carbon chain extension, lipid metabolism, and starch synthesis in the rapeseed with HOC was higher than that of rapeseed with LOC. These results give some new insight for understanding the dynamics of OBs and SGs in embryos of B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yongtai Yin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yiran Ding
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongbo Chao
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
- Correspondence:
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Zhao L, Li M, Ma X, Luo D, Zhou Q, Liu W, Liu Z. Transcriptome analysis and identification of abscisic acid and gibberellin-related genes during seed development of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). BMC Genomics 2022; 23:651. [PMID: 36100883 PMCID: PMC9472388 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08875-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is a widely cultivated plant. Unlike many crops, the main goal of breeding alfalfa is to increase its aboveground biomass rather than the biomass of its seeds. However, the low yield of alfalfa seeds limits alfalfa production. Many studies have explored the factors affecting seed development, in which phytohormones, especially ABA and GAs, play an important role in seed development. RESULTS Here, we performed a transcriptome analysis of alfalfa seeds at five development stages. A total of 16,899 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and classified into 10 clusters, and the enriched Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were determined. The contents of ABA, GA1, GA3, GA4 and GA7 in alfalfa seeds at five development stages were determined. In addition, 14 ABA-related DEGs and 20 GA-related DEGs were identified and analysed. These DEGs are involved in plant hormone pathways and play an important role in seed development. Moreover, morphological and physiological analyses revealed the dynamic changes during the development of alfalfa seeds. CONCLUSION Overall, our study is the first to analyse the transcriptome across various stages of seed development in alfalfa. The results of our study could be used to improve alfalfa seed yield. The key ABA and GA related-genes are potential targets for improving alfalfa seed yield via genetic engineering in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyu Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxian Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Oil-Body-Membrane Proteins in Polyploid Crop Brassica napus. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172241. [PMID: 36079626 PMCID: PMC9460193 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oil-body-membrane proteins (OBMPs) are essential structural molecules of oil bodies and also versatile metabolic enzymes involved in multiple cellular processes such as lipid metabolism, hormone signaling and stress responses. However, the global landscape for OBMP genes in oil crops is still lacking. Here, we performed genome-wide identification and characterization of OBMP genes in polyploid crop Brassica napus. B. napus contains up to 88 BnaOBMP genes including 53 oleosins, 20 caleosins and 15 steroleosins. Both whole-genome and tandem duplications have contributed to the expansion of the BnaOBMP gene family. These BnaOBMP genes have extensive sequence polymorphisms, and some harbor strong selection signatures. Various cis-acting regulatory elements involved in plant growth, phytohormones and abiotic and biotic stress responses are detected in their promoters. BnaOBMPs exhibit differential expression at various developmental stages from diverse tissues. Importantly, some BnaOBMP genes display spatiotemporal patterns of seed-specific expression, which could be orchestrated by transcriptional factors such as EEL, GATA3, HAT2, SMZ, DOF5.6 and APL. Altogether, our data lay the foundations for studying the regulatory mechanism of the seed oil storage process and provide candidate genes and alleles for the genetic improvement and breeding of rapeseed with high seed oil content.
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Rahman M, Guo Q, Baten A, Mauleon R, Khatun A, Liu L, Barkla BJ. Shotgun proteomics of Brassica rapa seed proteins identifies vicilin as a major seed storage protein in the mature seed. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253384. [PMID: 34242257 PMCID: PMC8270179 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins make up a large percentage of the Brassica seed and are second only to the oil in economic importance with uses for both animal and human nutrition. The most abundant proteins reported in the seeds of Brassica are the seed storage proteins cruciferin and napin, belonging to the 12S globulin and 2S albumin families of proteins, respectively. To gain insight into the Brassica rapa seed proteome and to confirm the presence and relative quantity of proteins encoded by candidate seed storage genes in the mature seed, shotgun proteomics was carried out on protein extracts from seeds of B. rapa inbred line R-o-18. Following liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, a total of 34016 spectra were mapped to 323 proteins, where 233 proteins were identified in 3 out of 4 biological replicates by at least 2 unique peptides. 2S albumin like napin seed storage proteins (SSPs), 11/12S globulin like cruciferin SSPs and 7S globulin like vicilin SSPs were identified in the samples, along with other notable proteins including oil body proteins, namely ten oleosins and two oil body-associated proteins. The identification of vicilin like proteins in the mature B. rapa seed represents the first account of these proteins in the Brassicaceae and analysis indicates high conservation of sequence motifs to other 7S vicilin-like allergenic proteins as well as conservation of major allergenic epitopes in the proteins. This study enriches our existing knowledge on rapeseed seed proteins and provides a robust foundation and rational basis for plant bioengineering of seed storage proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmudur Rahman
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Qi Guo
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Abdul Baten
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
- Institute of Precision Medicine & Bioinformatics, Sydney Local Health District, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ramil Mauleon
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amina Khatun
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lei Liu
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bronwyn J. Barkla
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
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8
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Canales J, Verdejo J, Carrasco-Puga G, Castillo FM, Arenas-M A, Calderini DF. Transcriptome Analysis of Seed Weight Plasticity in Brassica napus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4449. [PMID: 33923211 PMCID: PMC8123204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A critical barrier to improving crop yield is the trade-off between seed weight (SW) and seed number (SN), which has been commonly reported in several crops, including Brassica napus. Despite the agronomic relevance of this issue, the molecular factors involved in the interaction between SW and SN are largely unknown in crops. In this work, we performed a detailed transcriptomic analysis of 48 seed samples obtained from two rapeseed spring genotypes subjected to different source-sink (S-S) ratios in order to examine the relationship between SW and SN under different field conditions. A multifactorial analysis of the RNA-seq data was used to identify a group of 1014 genes exclusively regulated by the S-S ratio. We found that a reduction in the S-S ratio during seed filling induces the expression of genes involved in sucrose transport, seed weight, and stress responses. Moreover, we identified five co-expression modules that are positively correlated with SW and negatively correlated with SN. Interestingly, one of these modules was significantly enriched in transcription factors (TFs). Furthermore, our network analysis predicted several NAC TFs as major hubs underlying SW and SN compensation. Taken together, our study provides novel insights into the molecular factors associated with the SW-SN relationship in rapeseed and identifies TFs as potential targets when improving crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Canales
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5110566 Valdivia, Chile; (F.M.C.); (A.A.-M.)
- ANID–Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), 8331150 Santiago, Chile
| | - José Verdejo
- Graduate School, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5110566 Valdivia, Chile;
- Plant Production and Plant Protection Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5110566 Valdivia, Chile;
| | - Gabriela Carrasco-Puga
- Plant Production and Plant Protection Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5110566 Valdivia, Chile;
| | - Francisca M. Castillo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5110566 Valdivia, Chile; (F.M.C.); (A.A.-M.)
- ANID–Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), 8331150 Santiago, Chile
| | - Anita Arenas-M
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5110566 Valdivia, Chile; (F.M.C.); (A.A.-M.)
- ANID–Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), 8331150 Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel F. Calderini
- Plant Production and Plant Protection Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5110566 Valdivia, Chile;
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Jing P, Kong D, Ji L, Kong L, Wang Y, Peng L, Xie G. OsClo5 functions as a transcriptional co-repressor by interacting with OsDi19-5 to negatively affect salt stress tolerance in rice seedlings. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:800-815. [PMID: 33179343 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Caleosins constitute a small protein family with one calcium-binding EF-hand motif. They are involved in the regulation of development and response to abiotic stress in plants. Nevertheless, how they impact salt stress tolerance in rice is largely unknown. Thereby, biochemical and molecular genetic experiments were carried out, and the results revealed that OsClo5 was able to bind calcium and phospholipids in vitro and localized in the nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum in rice protoplasts. At the germination and early seedlings stages, overexpression transgenic lines and T-DNA mutant lines exhibited reduced and increased tolerance to salt stress, respectively, compared with the wild-type. Yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation and in vitro pull-down assays demonstrated that the EF-hand motif of OsClo5 was essential for the interactions with itself and OsDi19-5. Yeast one-hybrid, electrophoretic migration shift and dual-luciferase reporter assays identified OsDi19-5 as a transcriptional repressor via the TACART cis-element in the promoters of two salt stress-related target genes, OsUSP and OsMST. In addition, OsClo5 enhanced the inhibitory effect of OsDi19-5 in the tobacco transient system, which was confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis in rice seedlings under salt stress. The collective results deepen the understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the roles of caleosin in the salt stress response. These findings will also inform efforts to improve salt tolerance of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Jing
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology & Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dongyan Kong
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology & Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lingxiao Ji
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology & Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lin Kong
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology & Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guosheng Xie
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology & Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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10
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Fu L, He Z, Zeng M, Qin F, Chen J. Effects of preheat treatments on the composition, rheological properties, and physical stability of soybean oil bodies. J Food Sci 2020; 85:3150-3159. [PMID: 32895950 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of preheat treatments on the composition, rheological properties, and the physical stability of soybean oil bodies and examined the stability of coffee containing those oil bodies. Three preheat treatment methods were compared, including heating (at 65, 75, and 85 °C for 30 min) of raw soymilk, high-pressure steam heating (at 110, 120, and 130 °C for 10 s, ultra high temperature [UHT] treated) of dry soybeans, and milling of soaked soybeans in boiling water. Three UHT samples showed the highest oil body yields (13.59 to 13.87%) and protein yield (2.47 to 3.03%), while oil content in extracts was the lowest (30.97 to 46.25%). Soymilk heated at 65 or 75 °C for 30 min showed high oil body extraction yields (13.38 and 11.46%) and the highest oil extraction yields (6.38 to 8.38%) among all the samples. Three UHT samples had a higher average particle size and higher apparent viscosity compared with those of all the other samples. The results from sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and particle size distribution suggested heat treatment at 65 to 85 °C just lead to the partially denaturation and unfolding of storage protein instead of severe aggregation, while UHT (samples 5, 6, and 7) could lead to large amount soluble aggregates within oleosins and storage proteins via disulfide bonds. The diluted emulsion with 12% fat content remained stable during a 15-day storage period at 4 °C. The coffee stability of the diluted oil body emulsion indicated high oleosins and low storage protein content in the oil body was a benefit for the coffee stability. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Soybean oil bodies are natural sources of pre-emulsified oil derived from soybean and can be dispersed in an aqueous medium to form a stable emulsion system. This study provides the foundation for the preparation and application of soybean oil bodies with differing emulsion stabilities and extraction yields in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiyong He
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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11
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Zhu L, Zhao X, Xu Y, Wang Q, Wang H, Wu D, Jiang L. Effect of germination potential on storage lipids and transcriptome changes in premature developing seeds of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2020; 133:2839-2852. [PMID: 32617616 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We provided a gene pool of moderate size for selecting or manipulating the candidate genes that favour the acquisition of seed dormancy, shedding light on the elevation of seed oil content in oilseed rape by blocking lipid degradation in developing seeds. In oilseed rape, the association between the germination potential of premature seeds and the final level of seed lipids, and the underlying mechanism, is elusive. Here, we investigated phenotypic differences in the germination percentage of premature seeds in a collection of oilseed rape cultivars. We compared the dynamic lipid accumulation between the deep-, moderate- and non-dormant genotypes and compared the transcriptomes of the seeds at 40 days after pollination between multiple pairs of deep- and non-dormant genotypes. We identified a wide range of differences in germination percentage of premature seeds and the association between the germination potential and the change of fatty acid content at late stage of seed maturation. The comparisons of transcriptomes between deep- and non-dormant seeds revealed the genetic basis for the dormant difference, e.g. the different expression levels of the genes involved in gibberellic and abscisic acid biosynthesis and/or signalling, fatty acid metabolic pathways, and the structure of seed cell wall. We provided a gene pool of moderate size for selecting or manipulating the candidate genes that favour the acquisition of seed dormancy, shedding light on the elevation of seed oil content in oilseed rape by blocking lipid degradation in developing seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhu
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Yu-Hang-Tang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xinze Zhao
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Yu-Hang-Tang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Yu-Hang-Tang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Yu-Hang-Tang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haoyi Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Yu-Hang-Tang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Dezhi Wu
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Yu-Hang-Tang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lixi Jiang
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Yu-Hang-Tang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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12
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Romero-Guzmán M, Jung L, Kyriakopoulou K, Boom R, Nikiforidis C. Efficient single-step rapeseed oleosome extraction using twin-screw press. J FOOD ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.109890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Maghuly F, Deák T, Vierlinger K, Pabinger S, Tafer H, Laimer M. Gene expression profiling identifies pathways involved in seed maturation of Jatropha curcas. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:290. [PMID: 32272887 PMCID: PMC7146973 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Jatropha curcas, a tropical shrub, is a promising biofuel crop, which produces seeds with high content of oil and protein. To better understand the maturation process of J. curcas seeds and to improve its agronomic performance, a two-step approach was performed in six different maturation stages of seeds: 1) generation of the entire transcriptome of J. curcas seeds using 454-Roche sequencing of a cDNA library, 2) comparison of transcriptional expression levels using a custom Agilent 8x60K oligonucleotide microarray. Results A total of 793,875 high-quality reads were assembled into 19,382 unique full-length contigs, of which 13,507 could be annotated with Gene Ontology (GO) terms. Microarray data analysis identified 9111 probes (out of 57,842 probes), which were differentially expressed between the six maturation stages. The expression results were validated for 75 selected transcripts based on expression levels, predicted function, pathway, and length. Result from cluster analyses showed that transcripts associated with fatty acid, flavonoid, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were over-represented in the early stages, while those of lipid storage were over-represented in the late stages. Expression analyses of different maturation stages of J. curcas seed showed that most changes in transcript abundance occurred between the two last stages, suggesting that the timing of metabolic pathways during seed maturation in J. curcas occurs in late stages. The co-expression results showed that the hubs (CB5-D, CDR1, TT8, DFR, HVA22) with the highest number of edges, associated with fatty acid and flavonoid biosynthesis, are showing a decrease in their expression during seed maturation. Furthermore, seed development and hormone pathways are significantly well connected. Conclusion The obtained results revealed differentially expressed sequences (DESs) regulating important pathways related to seed maturation, which could contribute to the understanding of the complex regulatory network during seed maturation with the focus on lipid, flavonoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. This study provides detailed information on transcriptional changes during J. curcas seed maturation and provides a starting point for a genomic survey of seed quality traits. The results highlighted specific genes and processes relevant to the molecular mechanisms involved in Jatropha seed maturation. These data can also be utilized regarding other Euphorbiaceae species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Maghuly
- Plant Functional Genomics, Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-VIBT, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Tamás Deák
- Department of Viticulture, Szent István University, Villányi út 29-43, 1118 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Klemens Vierlinger
- Center for Health and Bioresources, Molecular Diagnostics, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), Giefinggasse 4, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan Pabinger
- Center for Health and Bioresources, Molecular Diagnostics, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), Giefinggasse 4, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hakim Tafer
- Austrian Center of Biological Resources (ACBR), Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-VIBT, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margit Laimer
- Plant Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-VIBT, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
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14
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Fu L, He Z, Zeng M, Qin F, Chen J. Effects of soy protein composition in recombined soy-based cream on the stability and physical properties of whipping cream. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:2732-2741. [PMID: 32003461 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recombinant plant-based whipping cream (RSWC) has been widely studied in recent years. The present study investigated the effects of soybean protein and its hydrolysates on the stability and physical properties of the RSWC. The RSWC was made with 28% soybean oil bodies and 4% additional soy proteins or its hydrolysates. The proteins used were soy protein isolate, 7S, 11S, oil body protein, soybean proteins isolate hydrolyzed by pepsin (SPHPe) and soybean protein isolate hydrolyzed by papain (SPHPa). RESULTS RSWC made with SPHPa containing a large amount of small-molecule polypeptide had the lowest apparent viscosity, shortest whipping time, best overrun and worst whipping stability, whereas RSWC made with SPHPe containing the α, β subunit and small-molecule polypeptides exhibited the second highest overrun and best whipping stability. The partial coalescence of fat and confocal micrographs of cream emulsions suggested that oil body protein was displaced by the small peptides from the interface, which led to partial destabilization and sufficient coalescence of fat globules after aging and whipping. CONCLUSION Selectively hydrolyzed soy protein, such as SPHPe, can be used for the production of RSWC with sufficient overrun and whipping stability. This research is of great significance and opens a route to production of the recombinant plant-based cream in the future. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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15
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The effect of monovalent (Na +, K +) and divalent (Ca 2+, Mg 2+) cations on rapeseed oleosome (oil body) extraction and stability at pH 7. Food Chem 2020; 306:125578. [PMID: 31622835 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oleosomes are storage vehicles of TAGs in plant seeds. They are protected with a phospholipid-protein monolayer and extracted with alkaline aqueous media; however, pH adjustment intensifies the extraction process. Therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate the extraction mechanism of rapeseed oleosomes at pH 7 and at the presence of monovalent and divalent cations (Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca+2). The oleosome yield at pH 9.5 was 64 wt%, while the yield at pH 7 with H2O was just 43 wt.%. The presence of cations at pH 7, significantly enhanced the yield, with K+ giving the highest yield (64 wt.%). The cations affected the oleosome interface and their interactions. The presence of monovalent cations resulted in aggregation and minor coalescence, while divalent cations resulted in extensive coalescence. These results help to understand the interactions of oleosomes in their native matrix and design simple extraction processes at neutral conditions.
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16
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Liu Y, Xu S, Zhang C, Zhu X, Hammad MA, Zhang X, Christian M, Zhang H, Liu P. Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase family proteins on lipid droplets through bacteria, C. elegans, and mammals. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:881-894. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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17
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Müller AO, Blersch KF, Gippert AL, Ischebeck T. Tobacco pollen tubes - a fast and easy tool for studying lipid droplet association of plant proteins. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 89:1055-1064. [PMID: 27943529 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, lipid droplets have emerged as dynamic organelles rather than inactive storage sites for triacylglycerol. The number of proteins known to be associated with lipid droplets has increased, but remains small in comparison with those found with other organelles. Also the mechanisms of how lipid droplets are recognized and bound by proteins need deeper investigation. Here, we present a fast, simple and inexpensive approach to assay proteins for their association with lipid droplets in vivo that can help to screen protein candidates or mutated variants of proteins for their association in an efficient manner. For this, a system to transiently transform Nicotiana tabacum pollen grains was used because these naturally contain lipid droplets. We designed vectors for fast cloning of genes as fusions with either mVenus or mCherry. This allowed us to assay colocalization with lipid droplets stained with Nile Red and Bodipy 505/515, respectively. We successfully tested our system not only for proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana, but also for proteins from the moss Physcomitrella patens and the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The small size of the vector used allows easy exchange of codons by site-directed mutagenesis. We used this to show that two proline residues in the proline knot of a caleosin are not essential for the binding of lipid droplets. We also demonstrated that peroxisomes are not associated with the lipid droplets in tobacco pollen tubes, which reduces the risk of false interpretation of microscopic data in our system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ophelia Müller
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August-University, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Katharina Franziska Blersch
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August-University, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Anna Lena Gippert
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August-University, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Till Ischebeck
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August-University, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
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18
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Leprince O, Pellizzaro A, Berriri S, Buitink J. Late seed maturation: drying without dying. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:827-841. [PMID: 28391329 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Besides the deposition of storage reserves, seed maturation is characterized by the acquisition of functional traits including germination, desiccation tolerance, dormancy, and longevity. After seed filling, seed longevity increases up to 30-fold, concomitant with desiccation that brings the embryo to a quiescent state. The period that we define as late maturation phase can represent 10-78% of total seed development time, yet it remains overlooked. Its importance is underscored by the fact that in the seed production chain, the stage of maturity at harvest is the primary factor that influences seed longevity and seedling establishment. This review describes the major events and regulatory pathways underlying the acquisition of seed longevity, focusing on key indicators of maturity such as chlorophyll degradation, accumulation of raffinose family oligosaccharides, late embryogenesis abundant proteins, and heat shock proteins. We discuss how these markers are correlated with or contribute to seed longevity, and highlight questions that merit further attention. We present evidence suggesting that molecular players involved in biotic defence also have a regulatory role in seed longevity. We also explore how the concept of plasticity can help understand the acquisition of longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Leprince
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 Quasav, 42 rue George Morel, 49071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Anthoni Pellizzaro
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 Quasav, 42 rue George Morel, 49071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Souha Berriri
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 Quasav, 42 rue George Morel, 49071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Julia Buitink
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 Quasav, 42 rue George Morel, 49071 Beaucouzé, France
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19
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Piskurewicz U, Iwasaki M, Susaki D, Megies C, Kinoshita T, Lopez-Molina L. Dormancy-specific imprinting underlies maternal inheritance of seed dormancy in Arabidopsis thaliana. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 28005006 PMCID: PMC5243116 DOI: 10.7554/elife.19573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mature seed dormancy is a vital plant trait that prevents germination out of season. In Arabidopsis, the trait can be maternally regulated but the underlying mechanisms sustaining this regulation, its general occurrence and its biological significance among accessions are poorly understood. Upon seed imbibition, the endosperm is essential to repress the germination of dormant seeds. Investigation of genomic imprinting in the mature seed endosperm led us to identify a novel set of imprinted genes that are expressed upon seed imbibition. Remarkably, programs of imprinted gene expression are adapted according to the dormancy status of the seed. We provide direct evidence that imprinted genes play a role in regulating germination processes and that preferential maternal allelic expression can implement maternal inheritance of seed dormancy levels. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.19573.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Piskurewicz
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute for Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mayumi Iwasaki
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute for Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daichi Susaki
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Christian Megies
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute for Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tetsu Kinoshita
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Luis Lopez-Molina
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute for Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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20
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Wang J, Singh SK, Du C, Li C, Fan J, Pattanaik S, Yuan L. Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Two Brassica napus Near-Isogenic Lines Reveals a Network of Genes That Influences Seed Oil Accumulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1498. [PMID: 27746810 PMCID: PMC5040705 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus) is an important oil seed crop, providing more than 13% of the world's supply of edible oils. An in-depth knowledge of the gene network involved in biosynthesis and accumulation of seed oil is critical for the improvement of B. napus. Using available genomic and transcriptomic resources, we identified 1,750 acyl-lipid metabolism (ALM) genes that are distributed over 19 chromosomes in the B. napus genome. B. rapa and B. oleracea, two diploid progenitors of B. napus, contributed almost equally to the ALM genes. Genome collinearity analysis demonstrated that the majority of the ALM genes have arisen due to genome duplication or segmental duplication events. In addition, we profiled the expression patterns of the ALM genes in four different developmental stages. Furthermore, we developed two B. napus near isogenic lines (NILs). The high oil NIL, YC13-559, accumulates significantly higher (∼10%) seed oil compared to the other, YC13-554. Comparative gene expression analysis revealed upregulation of lipid biosynthesis-related regulatory genes in YC13-559, including SHOOTMERISTEMLESS, LEAFY COTYLEDON 1 (LEC1), LEC2, FUSCA3, ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 3 (ABI3), ABI4, ABI5, and WRINKLED1, as well as structural genes, such as ACETYL-CoA CARBOXYLASE, ACYL-CoA DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE, and LONG-CHAIN ACYL-CoA SYNTHETASES. We observed that several genes related to the phytohormones, gibberellins, jasmonate, and indole acetic acid, were differentially expressed in the NILs. Our findings provide a broad account of the numbers, distribution, and expression profiles of acyl-lipid metabolism genes, as well as gene networks that potentially control oil accumulation in B. napus seeds. The upregulation of key regulatory and structural genes related to lipid biosynthesis likely plays a major role for the increased seed oil in YC13-559.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxue Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan, China
| | - Sanjay K. Singh
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, LexingtonKY, USA
| | - Chunfang Du
- Cotton Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesYuncheng, China
| | - Chen Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan, China
| | - Jianchun Fan
- Cotton Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesYuncheng, China
| | - Sitakanta Pattanaik
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, LexingtonKY, USA
| | - Ling Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan, China
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, LexingtonKY, USA
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21
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Wang J, Jian H, Wang T, Wei L, Li J, Li C, Liu L. Identification of microRNAs Actively Involved in Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Developing Brassica napus Seeds Using High-Throughput Sequencing. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1570. [PMID: 27822220 PMCID: PMC5075540 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Seed development has a critical role during the spermatophyte life cycle. In Brassica napus, a major oil crop, fatty acids are synthesized and stored in specific tissues during embryogenesis, and understanding the molecular mechanism underlying fatty acid biosynthesis during seed development is an important research goal. In this study, we constructed three small RNA libraries from early seeds at 14, 21, and 28 days after flowering (DAF) and used high-throughput sequencing to examine microRNA (miRNA) expression. A total of 85 known miRNAs from 30 families and 1160 novel miRNAs were identified, of which 24, including 5 known and 19 novel miRNAs, were found to be involved in fatty acid biosynthesis.bna-miR156b, bna-miR156c, bna-miR156g, novel_mir_1706, novel_mir_1407, novel_mir_173, and novel_mir_104 were significantly down-regulated at 21 DAF and 28 DAF, whereas bna-miR159, novel_mir_1081, novel_mir_19 and novel_mir_555 were significantly up-regulated. In addition, we found that some miRNAs regulate functional genes that are directly involved in fatty acid biosynthesis and that other miRNAs regulate the process of fatty acid biosynthesis by acting on a large number of transcription factors. The miRNAs and their corresponding predicted targets were partially validated by quantitative RT-PCR. Our data suggest that diverse and complex miRNAs are involved in the seed development process and that miRNAs play important roles in fatty acid biosynthesis during seed development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
- Nanchong Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchong, China
| | - Hongju Jian
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Tengyue Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Lijuan Wei
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Jiana Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
- Guizhou Province Institute of Oil CropsGuiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Chao Li
| | - Liezhao Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
- Liezhao Liu
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22
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Vilgis TA. Soft matter food physics--the physics of food and cooking. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2015; 78:124602. [PMID: 26534781 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/78/12/124602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses the (soft matter) physics of food. Although food is generally not considered as a typical model system for fundamental (soft matter) physics, a number of basic principles can be found in the interplay between the basic components of foods, water, oil/fat, proteins and carbohydrates. The review starts with the introduction and behavior of food-relevant molecules and discusses food-relevant properties and applications from their fundamental (multiscale) behavior. Typical food aspects from 'hard matter systems', such as chocolates or crystalline fats, to 'soft matter' in emulsions, dough, pasta and meat are covered and can be explained on a molecular basis. An important conclusion is the point that the macroscopic properties and the perception are defined by the molecular interplay on all length and time scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Vilgis
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55129 Mainz, Germany
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23
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D'Andrea S. Lipid droplet mobilization: The different ways to loosen the purse strings. Biochimie 2015; 120:17-27. [PMID: 26187474 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cytosolic lipid droplets are dynamic lipid-storage organelles that play a crucial role as reservoirs of metabolic energy and membrane precursors. These organelles are present in virtually all cell types, from unicellular to pluricellular organisms. Despite similar structural organization, lipid droplets are heterogeneous in morphology, distribution and composition. The protein repertoire associated to lipid droplet controls the organelle dynamics. Distinct structural lipid droplet proteins are associated to specific lipolytic pathways. The role of these structural lipid droplet-associated proteins in the control of lipid droplet degradation and lipid store mobilization is discussed. The control of the strictly-regulated lipolysis in lipid-storing tissues is compared between mammals and plants. Differences in the cellular regulation of lipolysis between lipid-storing tissues and other cell types are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine D'Andrea
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026 Versailles, France; AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026 Versailles, France.
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24
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Boulard C, Bardet M, Chardot T, Dubreucq B, Gromova M, Guillermo A, Miquel M, Nesi N, Yen-Nicolaÿ S, Jolivet P. The structural organization of seed oil bodies could explain the contrasted oil extractability observed in two rapeseed genotypes. PLANTA 2015; 242:53-68. [PMID: 25820267 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2286-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The protein, phospholipid and sterol composition of the oil body surface from the seeds of two rapeseed genotypes was compared in order to explain their contrasted oil extractability. In the mature seeds of oleaginous plants, storage lipids accumulate in specialized structures called oil bodies (OBs). These organelles consist of a core of neutral lipids surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer in which structural proteins are embedded. The physical stability of OBs is a consequence of the interactions between proteins and phospholipids. A detailed study of OB characteristics in mature seeds as well as throughout seed development was carried out on two contrasting rapeseed genotypes Amber and Warzanwski. These two accessions were chosen because they differ dramatically in (1) crushing ability, (2) oil extraction yield and, (3) the stability of purified OBs. Warzanwski has higher crushing ability, better oil extraction yield and less stable purified OBs than Amber. OB morphology was investigated in situ using fluorescence microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and pulsed field gradient NMR. During seed development, OB diameter first increased and then decreased 30 days after pollination in both Amber and Warzanwski embryos. In mature seeds, Amber OBs were significantly smaller. The protein, phospholipid and sterol composition of the hemi-membrane was compared between the two accessions. Amber OBs were enriched with H-oleosins and steroleosins, suggesting increased coverage of the OB surface consistent with their higher stability. The nature and composition of phospholipids and sterols in Amber OBs suggest that the hemi-membrane would have a more rigid structure than that of Warzanwski OBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Boulard
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
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Deruyffelaere C, Bouchez I, Morin H, Guillot A, Miquel M, Froissard M, Chardot T, D'Andrea S. Ubiquitin-Mediated Proteasomal Degradation of Oleosins is Involved in Oil Body Mobilization During Post-Germinative Seedling Growth in Arabidopsis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 56:1374-87. [PMID: 25907570 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In oleaginous seeds, lipids--stored in organelles called oil bodies (OBs)--are degraded post-germinatively to provide carbon and energy for seedling growth. To date, little is known about how OB coat proteins, known as oleosins, control OB dynamics during seed germination. Here, we demonstrated that the sequential proteolysis of the five Arabidopsis thaliana oleosins OLE1-OLE5 begins just prior to lipid degradation. Several post-translational modifications (e.g. phosphorylation and ubiquination) of oleosins were concomitant with oleosin degradation. Phosphorylation occurred only on the minor OLE5 and on an 8 kDa proteolytic fragment of OLE2. A combination of immunochemical and proteomic approaches revealed ubiquitination of the four oleosins OLE1-OLE4 at the onset of OB mobilization. Ubiquitination topology was surprisingly complex. OLE1 and OLE2 were modified by three distinct and predominantly exclusive motifs: monoubiquitin, K48-linked diubiquitin (K48Ub(2)) and K63-linked diubiquitin. Ubiquitinated oleosins may be channeled towards specific degradation pathways according to ubiquitination type. One of these pathways was identified as the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. A proteasome inhibitor (MG132) reduced oleosin degradation and induced cytosolic accumulation of K48Ub(2)-oleosin aggregates. These results indicate that K48Ub(2)-modified oleosins are selectively extracted from OB coat and degraded by the proteasome. Proteasome inhibition also reduced lipid hydrolysis, providing in vivo evidence that oleosin degradation is required for lipid mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Deruyffelaere
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Isabelle Bouchez
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Halima Morin
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Alain Guillot
- INRA, UMR 1319, PAPPSO, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Martine Miquel
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Marine Froissard
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Thierry Chardot
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Sabine D'Andrea
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026 Versailles, France
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26
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Thakur A, Bhatla SC. Proteomic analysis of oil body membrane proteins accompanying the onset of desiccation phase during sunflower seed development. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2015; 10:e1030100. [PMID: 26786011 PMCID: PMC4854339 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2015.1030100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A noteworthy metabolic signature accompanying oil body (OB) biogenesis during oilseed development is associated with the modulation of the oil body membranes proteins. Present work focuses on 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE)-based analysis of the temporal changes in the OB membrane proteins analyzed by LC-MS/MS accompanying the onset of desiccation (20-30 d after anthesis; DAA) in the developing seeds of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Protein spots unique to 20-30 DAA stages were picked up from 2-D gels for identification and the identified proteins were categorized into 7 functional classes. These include proteins involved in energy metabolism, reactive oxygen scavenging, proteolysis and protein turnover, signaling, oleosin and oil body biogenesis-associated proteins, desiccation and cytoskeleton. At 30 DAA stage, exclusive expressions of enzymes belonging to energy metabolism, desiccation and cytoskeleton were evident which indicated an increase in the metabolic and enzymatic activity in the cells at this stage of seed development (seed filling). Increased expression of cruciferina-like protein and dehydrin at 30 DAA stage marks the onset of desiccation. The data has been analyzed and discussed to highlight desiccation stage-associated metabolic events during oilseed development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Thakur
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry; Department of Botany; University of Delhi; Delhi, India
| | - Satish C Bhatla
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry; Department of Botany; University of Delhi; Delhi, India
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Zhang Y, Peng L, Wu Y, Shen Y, Wu X, Wang J. Analysis of global gene expression profiles to identify differentially expressed genes critical for embryo development in Brassica rapa. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 86:425-42. [PMID: 25214014 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-014-0238-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Embryo development represents a crucial developmental period in the life cycle of flowering plants. To gain insights into the genetic programs that control embryo development in Brassica rapa L., RNA sequencing technology was used to perform transcriptome profiling analysis of B. rapa developing embryos. The results generated 42,906,229 sequence reads aligned with 32,941 genes. In total, 27,760, 28,871, 28,384, and 25,653 genes were identified from embryos at globular, heart, early cotyledon, and mature developmental stages, respectively, and analysis between stages revealed a subset of stage-specific genes. We next investigated 9,884 differentially expressed genes with more than fivefold changes in expression and false discovery rate ≤ 0.001 from three adjacent-stage comparisons; 1,514, 3,831, and 6,633 genes were detected between globular and heart stage embryo libraries, heart stage and early cotyledon stage, and early cotyledon and mature stage, respectively. Large numbers of genes related to cellular process, metabolism process, response to stimulus, and biological process were expressed during the early and middle stages of embryo development. Fatty acid biosynthesis, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and photosynthesis-related genes were expressed predominantly in embryos at the middle stage. Genes for lipid metabolism and storage proteins were highly expressed in the middle and late stages of embryo development. We also identified 911 transcription factor genes that show differential expression across embryo developmental stages. These results increase our understanding of the complex molecular and cellular events during embryo development in B. rapa and provide a foundation for future studies on other oilseed crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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Liu H, Wang C, Chen F, Shen S. Proteomic analysis of oil bodies in mature Jatropha curcas seeds with different lipid content. J Proteomics 2014; 113:403-14. [PMID: 25449834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED To reveal the difference among three mature Jatropha curcas seeds (JcVH, variant with high lipid content; JcW, wild type and JcVL, variant with low lipid content) with different lipid content, comparative proteomics was employed to profile the changes of oil body (OB) associated protein species by using gels-based proteomic technique. Eighty-three protein species were successfully identified through LTQ-ES-MS/MS from mature JcW seeds purified OBs. Two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis of J. curcas OB associated protein species revealed they had essential interactions with other organelles and demonstrated that oleosin and caleosin were the most abundant OB structural protein species. Twenty-eight OB associated protein species showed significant difference among JcVH, JcW and JcVL according to statistical analysis. Complementary transient expression analysis revealed that calcium ion binding protein (CalBP) and glycine-rich RNA binding protein (GRP) were well targeted in OBs apart from the oleosins. This study demonstrated that ratio of lipid content to caleosins abundance was involved in the regulation of OB size, and the mutant induced by ethylmethylsulfone treatment might be related to the caleosin like protein species. These findings are important for biotechnological improvement with the aim to alter the lipid content in J. curcas seeds. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE The economic value of Jatropha curcas largely depends on the lipid content in seeds which are mainly stored in the special organelle called oil bodies (OBs). In consideration of the biological importance and applications of J. curcas OB in seeds, it is necessary to further explore the components and functions of J. curcas OBs. Although a previous study concerning the J. curcas OB proteome revealed oleosins were the major OB protein component and additional protein species were similar to those in other oil seed plants, these identified OB associated protein species were corresponding to the protein bands instead of protein spots in the electrophoresis gels. Furthermore, the interaction of OB associated protein species and their contribution to OB formation and stabilization are still blank. In this study, with the overall object of profiling OB protein species from mature J. curcas seeds with different lipid content, we provided a setting of comparative OB proteomics with biochemical data and transient expression to explore the core of OB associated protein species involved in the regulation of OB size and lipid accumulation. The results were important for biotechnological improvement with the aim to a global modification of lipid storage in J. curcas seeds. Meanwhile, this study gave insight into possible associations between OBs and other organelles in mature J. curcas seeds. It may represent new aspects of the biological functions of the OBs during the oil mobilization. Combined the technique of transient transformation, a newly reported protein species, glycine-rich RNA binding protein (GRP) was successfully targeted in OBs. Therefore, further molecular analysis of these protein species is warranted to verify this association and what role they have in OBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Cuiping Wang
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Shihua Shen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
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Barthole G, To A, Marchive C, Brunaud V, Soubigou-Taconnat L, Berger N, Dubreucq B, Lepiniec L, Baud S. MYB118 represses endosperm maturation in seeds of Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2014; 26:3519-37. [PMID: 25194028 PMCID: PMC4213162 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.114.130021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In the exalbuminous species Arabidopsis thaliana, seed maturation is accompanied by the deposition of oil and storage proteins and the reduction of the endosperm to one cell layer. Here, we consider reserve partitioning between embryo and endosperm compartments. The pattern of deposition, final amount, and composition of these reserves differ between the two compartments, with the embryo representing the principal storage tissue in mature seeds. Complex regulatory mechanisms are known to prevent activation of maturation-related programs during embryo morphogenesis and, later, during vegetative growth. Here, we describe a regulator that represses the expression of maturation-related genes during maturation within the endosperm. MYB118 is transcriptionally induced in the maturing endosperm, and seeds of myb118 mutants exhibit an endosperm-specific derepression of maturation-related genes associated with a partial relocation of storage compounds from the embryo to the endosperm. Moreover, MYB118 activates endosperm-induced genes through the recognition of TAACGG elements. These results demonstrate that the differential partitioning of reserves between the embryo and endosperm in exalbuminous Arabidopsis seeds does not only result from developmental programs that establish the embryo as the preponderant tissue within seeds. This differential partitioning is also regulated by MYB118, which regulates the biosynthesis of reserves at the spatial level during maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Barthole
- INRA, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78000 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78000 Versailles, France
| | - Alexandra To
- INRA, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78000 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78000 Versailles, France
| | - Chloé Marchive
- INRA, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78000 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78000 Versailles, France
| | - Véronique Brunaud
- INRA, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, Génomique Fonctionnelle d'Arabidopsis, Plateforme Transcriptome, UMR1165, INRA-Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, ERL8196 CNRS, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-91000 Evry, France
| | - Ludivine Soubigou-Taconnat
- INRA, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, Génomique Fonctionnelle d'Arabidopsis, Plateforme Transcriptome, UMR1165, INRA-Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, ERL8196 CNRS, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-91000 Evry, France
| | - Nathalie Berger
- INRA, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78000 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78000 Versailles, France
| | - Bertrand Dubreucq
- INRA, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78000 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78000 Versailles, France
| | - Loïc Lepiniec
- INRA, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78000 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78000 Versailles, France
| | - Sébastien Baud
- INRA, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78000 Versailles, France AgroParisTech, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, F-78000 Versailles, France
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Abstract
Oleosins form a steric barrier surface on lipid droplets in cytoplasm, preventing them from contacting and coalescing with adjacent droplets. Oleosin genes have been detected in numerous plant species. However, the presence of oleosin genes in the most basally diverging lineage of land plants, liverworts, has not been reported previously. Thus we explored whether liverworts have an oleosin gene. In Marchantia polymorpha L., a thalloid liverwort, one predicted sequence was found that could encode oleosin, possessing the hallmark of oleosin, a proline knot (-PX5SPX3P-) motif. The phylogeny of the oleosin gene family in land plants was reconstructed based on both nucleotide and amino acid sequences of oleosins, from 31 representative species covering almost all the main lineages of land plants. Based on our phylogenetic trees, oleosin genes were classified into three groups: M-oleosins (defined here as a novel group distinct from the two previously known groups), low molecular weight isoform (L-oleosin), and high molecular weight isoform (H-oleosin), according to their amino-acid organization, phylogenetic relationships, expression tissues, and immunological characteristics. In liverworts, mosses, lycophytes, and gymnosperms, only M-oleosins have been described. In angiosperms, however, while this isoform remains and is highly expressed in the gametophyte pollen tube, two other isoforms also occur, L-oleosins and H-oleosins. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that the M-oleosin isoform is the precursor to the ancestor of L-oleosins and H-oleosins. The later two isoforms evolved by successive gene duplications in ancestral angiosperms. At the genomic level, most oleosins possess no introns. If introns are present, in both the L-isoform and the M-isoform a single intron inserts behind the central region, while in the H-isoform, a single intron is located at the 5'-terminus. This study fills a major gap in understanding functional gene evolution of oleosin in land plants, shedding new light on evolutionary transitions of lipid storage strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- University and Jepson Herbaria, and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United State of America
| | - Rui-Liang Zhu
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Brent D. Mishler
- University and Jepson Herbaria, and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United State of America
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Cao H, Zhang L, Tan X, Long H, Shockey JM. Identification, classification and differential expression of oleosin genes in tung tree (Vernicia fordii). PLoS One 2014; 9:e88409. [PMID: 24516650 PMCID: PMC3916434 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Triacylglycerols (TAG) are the major molecules of energy storage in eukaryotes. TAG are packed in subcellular structures called oil bodies or lipid droplets. Oleosins (OLE) are the major proteins in plant oil bodies. Multiple isoforms of OLE are present in plants such as tung tree (Vernicia fordii), whose seeds are rich in novel TAG with a wide range of industrial applications. The objectives of this study were to identify OLE genes, classify OLE proteins and analyze OLE gene expression in tung trees. We identified five tung tree OLE genes coding for small hydrophobic proteins. Genome-wide phylogenetic analysis and multiple sequence alignment demonstrated that the five tung OLE genes represented the five OLE subfamilies and all contained the "proline knot" motif (PX5SPX3P) shared among 65 OLE from 19 tree species, including the sequenced genomes of Prunus persica (peach), Populus trichocarpa (poplar), Ricinus communis (castor bean), Theobroma cacao (cacao) and Vitis vinifera (grapevine). Tung OLE1, OLE2 and OLE3 belong to the S type and OLE4 and OLE5 belong to the SM type of Arabidopsis OLE. TaqMan and SYBR Green qPCR methods were used to study the differential expression of OLE genes in tung tree tissues. Expression results demonstrated that 1) All five OLE genes were expressed in developing tung seeds, leaves and flowers; 2) OLE mRNA levels were much higher in seeds than leaves or flowers; 3) OLE1, OLE2 and OLE3 genes were expressed in tung seeds at much higher levels than OLE4 and OLE5 genes; 4) OLE mRNA levels rapidly increased during seed development; and 5) OLE gene expression was well-coordinated with tung oil accumulation in the seeds. These results suggest that tung OLE genes 1-3 probably play major roles in tung oil accumulation and/or oil body development. Therefore, they might be preferred targets for tung oil engineering in transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heping Cao
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, Commodity Utilization Research Unit, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxu Long
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jay M. Shockey
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, Commodity Utilization Research Unit, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
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Basnet RK, Moreno-Pachon N, Lin K, Bucher J, Visser RGF, Maliepaard C, Bonnema G. Genome-wide analysis of coordinated transcript abundance during seed development in different Brassica rapa morphotypes. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:840. [PMID: 24289287 PMCID: PMC4046715 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brassica seeds are important as basic units of plant growth and sources of vegetable oil. Seed development is regulated by many dynamic metabolic processes controlled by complex networks of spatially and temporally expressed genes. We conducted a global microarray gene co-expression analysis by measuring transcript abundance of developing seeds from two diverse B. rapa morphotypes: a pak choi (leafy-type) and a yellow sarson (oil-type), and two of their doubled haploid (DH) progenies, (1) to study the timing of metabolic processes in developing seeds, (2) to explore the major transcriptional differences in developing seeds of the two morphotypes, and (3) to identify the optimum stage for a genetical genomics study in B. rapa seed. RESULTS Seed developmental stages were similar in developing seeds of pak choi and yellow sarson of B. rapa; however, the colour of embryo and seed coat differed among these two morphotypes. In this study, most transcriptional changes occurred between 25 and 35 DAP, which shows that the timing of seed developmental processes in B. rapa is at later developmental stages than in the related species B. napus. Using a Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), we identified 47 "gene modules", of which 27 showed a significant association with temporal and/or genotypic variation. An additional hierarchical cluster analysis identified broad spectra of gene expression patterns during seed development. The predominant variation in gene expression was according to developmental stages rather than morphotype differences. Since lipids are the major storage compounds of Brassica seeds, we investigated in more detail the regulation of lipid metabolism. Four co-regulated gene clusters were identified with 17 putative cis-regulatory elements predicted in their 1000 bp upstream region, either specific or common to different lipid metabolic pathways. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study of genome-wide profiling of transcript abundance during seed development in B. rapa. The identification of key physiological events, major expression patterns, and putative cis-regulatory elements provides useful information to construct gene regulatory networks in B. rapa developing seeds and provides a starting point for a genetical genomics study of seed quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Guusje Bonnema
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Center, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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Vindigni JD, Wien F, Giuliani A, Erpapazoglou Z, Tache R, Jagic F, Chardot T, Gohon Y, Froissard M. Fold of an oleosin targeted to cellular oil bodies. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1828:1881-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Jolivet P, Acevedo F, Boulard C, d'Andréa S, Faure JD, Kohli A, Nesi N, Valot B, Chardot T. Crop seed oil bodies: from challenges in protein identification to an emerging picture of the oil body proteome. Proteomics 2013; 13:1836-49. [PMID: 23589365 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Oleaginous seeds store lipids in specialized structures called oil bodies (OBs). These organelles consist of a core of neutral lipids bound by proteins embedded in a phospholipid monolayer. OB proteins are well conserved in plants and have long been grouped into only two categories: structural proteins or enzymes. Recent work, however, which identified other classes of proteins associated with OBs, clearly shows that this classification is obsolete. Proteomics-mediated OB protein identification is facilitated in plants for which the genome is sequenced and annotated. However, it is not clear whether this knowledge can be dependably transposed to less well-characterized plants, including the well-established commercial sources of seed oil as well as the many others being proposed as novel sources for biodiesel, especially in Africa and Asia. Toward an update of the current data available on OB proteins this review discusses (i) the specific difficulties for proteomic studies of organelles; (ii) a 2012 census of the proteins found in seed OBs from various crops; (iii) the oleosin composition of OBs and their role in organelle stability; (iv) PTM of OB proteins as an emerging field of investigation; and finally we describe the emerging model of the OB proteome from oilseed crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Jolivet
- INRA, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
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Acevedo F, Rubilar M, Shene C, Navarrete P, Romero F, Rabert C, Jolivet P, Valot B, Chardot T. Seed oil bodies from Gevuina avellana and Madia sativa. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:6994-7004. [PMID: 22720877 DOI: 10.1021/jf301390d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, oil bodies (OBs) from Gevuina avellana (OBs-G) and Madia sativa (OBs-M) were isolated and characterized. Microscopic inspection revealed that the monolayer on OB-G was thinner compared to that on OB-M. Cytometric profiles regarding size, complexity, and staining for the two OB sources were similar. Fatty acid to protein mass ratio in both OBs was near 29, indicating high lipid enrichment. OBs-G and OBs-M showed a strong electrostatic repulsion over wide ranges of pH (5.5-9.5) and NaCl concentration (0-150 mM). Proteins displaying highly conserved sequences (steroleosins and aquaporins) in the plant kingdom were identified. The presence of oleosins was immunologically revealed using antibodies raised against Arabidopsis thaliana oleosins. OBs-G and OBs-M exhibited no significant cytotoxicity against the cells. This is the first report about the isolation and characterization of OBs-G and OBs-M, and this knowledge could be used for novel applications of these raw materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Acevedo
- Center of Food Biotechnology and Bioseparations, BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
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Yang L, Ding Y, Chen Y, Zhang S, Huo C, Wang Y, Yu J, Zhang P, Na H, Zhang H, Ma Y, Liu P. The proteomics of lipid droplets: structure, dynamics, and functions of the organelle conserved from bacteria to humans. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:1245-53. [PMID: 22534641 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r024117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets are cellular organelles that consists of a neutral lipid core covered by a monolayer of phospholipids and many proteins. They are thought to function in the storage, transport, and metabolism of lipids, in signaling, and as a specialized microenvironment for metabolism in most types of cells from prokaryotic to eukaryotic organisms. Lipid droplets have received a lot of attention in the last 10 years as they are linked to the progression of many metabolic diseases and hold great potential for the development of neutral lipid-derived products, such as biofuels, food supplements, hormones, and medicines. Proteomic analysis of lipid droplets has yielded a comprehensive catalog of lipid droplet proteins, shedding light on the function of this organelle and providing evidence that its function is conserved from bacteria to man. This review summarizes many of the proteomic studies on lipid droplets from a wide range of organisms, providing an evolutionary perspective on this organelle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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