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Feng Z, Xu Y, Xie Z, Yang Y, Lu G, Jin Y, Wang M, Liu M, Yang H, Li W, Liang Z. Overexpression of Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis Gene OsNCED3 Enhances Survival Rate and Tolerance to Alkaline Stress in Rice Seedlings. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1713. [PMID: 38931145 PMCID: PMC11207436 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Alkaline stress with high pH levels could significantly influence plant growth and survival. The enzyme 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) serves as a critical bottleneck in the biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA), making it essential for regulating stress tolerance. Here, we show that OsNCED3-overexpressing rice lines have increased ABA content by up to 50.90% and improved transcription levels of numerous genes involved in stress responses that significantly enhance seedling survival rates. Overexpression of OsNCED3 increased the dry weight contents of the total chlorophyll, proline, soluble sugar, starch, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes of rice seedlings, while reducing the contents of O2·-, H2O2, and malondialdehyde under hydroponic alkaline stress conditions simulated by 10, 15, and 20 mmol L-1 of Na2CO3. Additionally, the OsNCED3-overexpressing rice lines exhibited a notable increase in the expression of OsNCED3; ABA response-related genes OsSalT and OsWsi18; ion homeostasis-related genes OsAKT1, OsHKT1;5, OsSOS1, and OsNHX5; and ROS scavenging-related genes OsCu/Zn-SOD, OsFe-SOD, OsPOX1, OsCATA, OsCATB, and OsAPX1 in rice seedling leaves. The results of these findings suggest that overexpression of OsNCED3 upregulates endogenous ABA levels and the expression of stress response genes, which represents an innovative molecular approach for enhancing the alkaline tolerance of rice seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghui Feng
- College of Life Science, Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng 137000, China; (Z.F.); (Z.X.); (Y.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (Y.X.); (G.L.); (Y.J.); (M.W.); (M.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (Y.X.); (G.L.); (Y.J.); (M.W.); (M.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Zhiming Xie
- College of Life Science, Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng 137000, China; (Z.F.); (Z.X.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yaqiong Yang
- College of Life Science, Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng 137000, China; (Z.F.); (Z.X.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Guanru Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (Y.X.); (G.L.); (Y.J.); (M.W.); (M.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Yangyang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (Y.X.); (G.L.); (Y.J.); (M.W.); (M.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Mingming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (Y.X.); (G.L.); (Y.J.); (M.W.); (M.L.); (H.Y.)
- Jilin Da’an Farmland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Da’an 131317, China
| | - Miao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (Y.X.); (G.L.); (Y.J.); (M.W.); (M.L.); (H.Y.)
- Jilin Da’an Farmland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Da’an 131317, China
| | - Haoyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (Y.X.); (G.L.); (Y.J.); (M.W.); (M.L.); (H.Y.)
- Jilin Da’an Farmland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Da’an 131317, China
| | - Weiqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (Y.X.); (G.L.); (Y.J.); (M.W.); (M.L.); (H.Y.)
- Jilin Da’an Farmland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Da’an 131317, China
| | - Zhengwei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (Y.X.); (G.L.); (Y.J.); (M.W.); (M.L.); (H.Y.)
- Jilin Da’an Farmland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Da’an 131317, China
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Yu S, Li T, Teng X, Yang F, Ma X, Han J, Zhou L, Bian Z, Wei H, Deng H, Zhu Y, Yu X. Autotetraploidy of rice does not potentiate the tolerance to drought stress in the seedling stage. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 17:40. [PMID: 38888627 PMCID: PMC11189374 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-024-00716-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Polyploid is considered an advantage that has evolved to be more environmentally adaptable than its diploid. To understand if doubled chromosome of diploid rice can improve drought tolerance, we evaluated the diploid (2X) and autotetraploid (4X) plants of three indica and three japonica varieties. Drought stress in the plastic bucket of four-leaf stage revealed that the drought tolerance of 4X plants was lower than that of its diploid donor plants. The assay of photosynthetic rate of all varieties showed that all 4X varieties had lower rates than their diploid donors. The capacity for reactive oxygen species production and scavenging varied among different 2X and 4X varieties. Further, transcriptomic analysis of 2X and 4X plants of four varieties under normal and drought condition showed that the wide variation of gene expression was caused by difference of varieties, not by chromosome ploidy. However, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that the severe interference of photosynthesis-related genes in tetraploid plants under drought stress is the primary reason for the decrease of drought tolerance in autotetraploid lines. Consistently, new transcripts analysis in autotetraploid revealed that the gene transcription related with mitochondrion and plastid of cell component was influenced most significantly. The results indicated that chromosome doubling of diploid rice weakened their drought tolerance, primarily due to disorder of photosynthesis-related genes in tetraploid plants under drought stress. Maintain tetraploid drought tolerance through chromosome doubling breeding in rice needs to start with the selection of parental varieties and more efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunwu Yu
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Tianfei Li
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Xiaoying Teng
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Fangwen Yang
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Xiaosong Ma
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Jing Han
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Zhijuan Bian
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Haibin Wei
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Hui Deng
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Wuhan Acadamy of Agricultual Sciences, Wuhan, 430345, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Wuhan Acadamy of Agricultual Sciences, Wuhan, 430345, China.
| | - Xinqiao Yu
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China.
- Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 201106, China.
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Gao X, Tan J, Yi K, Lin B, Hao P, Jin T, Hua S. Elevated ROS Levels Caused by Reductions in GSH and AsA Contents Lead to Grain Yield Reduction in Qingke under Continuous Cropping. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1003. [PMID: 38611531 PMCID: PMC11013709 DOI: 10.3390/plants13071003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Continuous spring cropping of Qingke (Hordeum viilgare L. var. nudum Hook. f.) results in a reduction in grain yield in the Xizang autonomous region. However, knowledge on the influence of continuous cropping on grain yield caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced stress remains scarce. A systematic comparison of the antioxidant defensive profile at seedling, tillering, jointing, flowering, and filling stages (T1 to T5) of Qingke was conducted based on a field experiment including 23-year continuous cropping (23y-CC) and control (the first year planted) treatments. The results reveal that the grain yield and superoxide anion (SOA) level under 23y-CC were significantly decreased (by 38.67% and 36.47%), when compared to the control. The hydrogen peroxide content under 23y-CC was 8.69% higher on average than under the control in the early growth stages. The higher ROS level under 23y-CC resulted in membrane lipid peroxidation (LPO) and accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) at later stages, with an average increment of 29.67% and 3.77 times higher than that in control plants. Qingke plants accumulated more hydrogen peroxide at early developmental stages due to the partial conversion of SOA by glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other production pathways, such as the glucose oxidase (GOD) and polyamine oxidase (PAO) pathways. The reduced regeneration ability due to the high oxidized glutathione (GSSG) to GSH ratio resulted in GSH deficiency while the reduction in L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (GalLDH) activity in the AsA biosynthesis pathway, higher enzymatic activities (including ascorbate peroxidase, APX; and ascorbate oxidase, AAO), and lower activities of monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) all led to a lower AsA content under continuous cropping. The lower antioxidant capacity due to lower contents of antioxidants such as flavonoids and tannins, detected through both physiological measurement and metabolomics analysis, further deteriorated the growth of Qingke through ROS stress under continuous cropping. Our results provide new insights into the manner in which ROS stress regulates grain yield in the context of continuous Qingke cropping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa 850002, China; (X.G.); (J.T.); (P.H.)
| | - Jianxin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa 850002, China; (X.G.); (J.T.); (P.H.)
| | - Kaige Yi
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (K.Y.); (B.L.)
| | - Baogang Lin
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (K.Y.); (B.L.)
| | - Pengfei Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa 850002, China; (X.G.); (J.T.); (P.H.)
| | - Tao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa 850002, China; (X.G.); (J.T.); (P.H.)
| | - Shuijin Hua
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (K.Y.); (B.L.)
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Gao Q, Yin X, Wang F, Zhang C, Xiao F, Wang H, Hu S, Liu W, Zhou S, Chen L, Dai X, Liang M. Jacalin-related lectin 45 (OsJRL45) isolated from 'sea rice 86' enhances rice salt tolerance at the seedling and reproductive stages. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:553. [PMID: 37940897 PMCID: PMC10634080 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most widely cultivated grain crops in the world that meets the caloric needs of more than half the world's population. Salt stress seriously affects rice production and threatens food security. Therefore, mining salt tolerance genes in salt-tolerant germplasm and elucidating their molecular mechanisms in rice are necessary for the breeding of salt tolerant cultivars. RESULTS In this study, a salt stress-responsive jacalin-related lectin (JRL) family gene, OsJRL45, was identified in the salt-tolerant rice variety 'sea rice 86' (SR86). OsJRL45 showed high expression level in leaves, and the corresponding protein mainly localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. The knockout mutant and overexpression lines of OsJRL45 revealed that OsJRL45 positively regulates the salt tolerance of rice plants at all growth stages. Compared with the wild type (WT), the OsJRL45 overexpression lines showed greater salt tolerance at the reproductive stage, and significantly higher seed setting rate and 1,000-grain weight. Moreover, OsJRL45 expression significantly improved the salt-resistant ability and yield of a salt-sensitive indica cultivar, L6-23. Furthermore, OsJRL45 enhanced the antioxidant capacity of rice plants and facilitated the maintenance of Na+-K+ homeostasis under salt stress conditions. Five proteins associated with OsJRL45 were screened by transcriptome and interaction network analysis, of which one, the transmembrane transporter Os10g0210500 affects the salt tolerance of rice by regulating ion transport-, salt stress-, and hormone-responsive proteins. CONCLUSIONS The OsJRL45 gene isolated from SR86 positively regulated the salt tolerance of rice plants at all growth stages, and significantly increased the yield of salt-sensitive rice cultivar under NaCl treatment. OsJRL45 increased the activity of antioxidant enzyme of rice and regulated Na+/K+ dynamic equilibrium under salinity conditions. Our data suggest that OsJRL45 may improve the salt tolerance of rice by mediating the expression of ion transport-, salt stress response-, and hormone response-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinmei Gao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Hunan, 416000, China
| | - Xiaolin Yin
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Congzhi Zhang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Feicui Xiao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Shuchang Hu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Weihao Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Shiqi Zhou
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Liangbi Chen
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xiaojun Dai
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Manzhong Liang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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Liu H, Huang H, Liang K, Lin K, Shangguan Y, Xu H. Characterization of a cadmium-resistant functional bacteria (Burkholderia sp. SRB-1) and mechanism analysis at physiochemical and genetic level. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27824-2. [PMID: 37269515 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27824-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the capacity of cadmium (Cd)-resistant plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) Burkholderia sp. SRB-1 (SRB-1) and its mechanisms were explored through morphological characterizations, biochemical response, plant growth-promoting traits, and functional gene expression patterns. The results showed that SRB-1 was an excellent Cd-resistant bacteria (MIC was 420 mg L-1), and its maximum Cd removal rate reached 72.25%. Biosorption was the main removal method of Cd for SRB-1, preventing intracellular Cd accumulation and maintaining cellular metabolism. Various functional groups on the cell wall were involved in Cd binding, which deposited as CdS and CdCO3 on the cell surface according to XPS analysis and might be critical for reducing Cd physiochemical toxicity. Furthermore, metals exporting (zntA, czcA, czcB, czcC), detoxification (dsbA, cysM), and antioxidation (katE, katG, SOD1) related genes were annotated in the SRB-1 genome. The results of Cd distribution and antioxidative enzyme activity in SRB-1 also illustrated that Cd2+ efflux and antioxidative response were the main intracellular Cd-resistant mechanisms. These conclusions were further verified by qRT-PCR analysis. Overall, the strategies of extracellular biosorption, cation efflux, and intracellular detoxification jointly build the Cd-resistant system, which invested Burkholderia sp. SRB-1 with potential for bioremediation in heavily Cd-contaminated environmental sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huakang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huayan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Liang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangkai Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxian Shangguan
- Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Heng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil Ecological Protection and Pollution Control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Usman B, Derakhshani B, Jung KH. Recent Molecular Aspects and Integrated Omics Strategies for Understanding the Abiotic Stress Tolerance of Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2019. [PMID: 37653936 PMCID: PMC10221523 DOI: 10.3390/plants12102019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Rice is an important staple food crop for over half of the world's population. However, abiotic stresses seriously threaten rice yield improvement and sustainable production. Breeding and planting rice varieties with high environmental stress tolerance are the most cost-effective, safe, healthy, and environmentally friendly strategies. In-depth research on the molecular mechanism of rice plants in response to different stresses can provide an important theoretical basis for breeding rice varieties with higher stress resistance. This review presents the molecular mechanisms and the effects of various abiotic stresses on rice growth and development and explains the signal perception mode and transduction pathways. Meanwhile, the regulatory mechanisms of critical transcription factors in regulating gene expression and important downstream factors in coordinating stress tolerance are outlined. Finally, the utilization of omics approaches to retrieve hub genes and an outlook on future research are prospected, focusing on the regulatory mechanisms of multi-signaling network modules and sustainable rice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babar Usman
- Graduate School of Green Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (B.U.)
| | - Behnam Derakhshani
- Graduate School of Green Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (B.U.)
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Green Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea; (B.U.)
- Research Center for Plant Plasticity, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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Manna I, Bandyopadhyay M. The impact of engineered nickel oxide nanoparticles on ascorbate glutathione cycle in Allium cepa L. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:663-678. [PMID: 37363417 PMCID: PMC10284763 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01314-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nickel oxide nanoparticle (NiO-NP) can inflict significant damages on exposed plants, even though very little is known about the modus operandi. The present study investigated effects of NiO-NP on the crucial stress alleviation mechanism Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle (Asa-GSH cycle) in the model plant Allium cepa. Cellular contents of reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidised glutathione (GSSG), was disturbed upon NiO-NP exposure. The ratio of GSH to GSSG changed from 20:1 in NC to 4:1 in roots exposed to 125 mg L-1 NiO-NP. Even the lowest treatments of NiO-NP (10 mg L-1) increased ascorbic acid (2.9-folds) and cysteine contents (1.6-folds). Enzymes like glutathione reductase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase also showed altered activities in the affected tissues. Further, intracellular methylglyoxal, a harbinger of ROS (Reactive oxygen species), increased significantly (~ 26 to 65-fold) across different concentrations NiO-NP. Intracellular H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) and ROS levels increased with NiO-NP doses, as did electrolytic leakage from damaged cells. The present work indicated that multiple pathways were compromised in NiO-NP affected plants and this information can bolster our general understanding of the actual mechanism of its toxicity on living cells, and help formulate strategies to thwart ecological pollution. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01314-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrani Manna
- Plant Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, Ballygunge Science College, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019 India
| | - Maumita Bandyopadhyay
- Plant Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, Ballygunge Science College, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019 India
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Khan I, Mahmood S, Chattha MU, Bilal Chattha M, Ahmad S, Awan MI, Alqahtani FM, Hashem M, Alhaithloul HAS, Qari SH, Mahmood F, Hassan MU. Organic Amendments Improved the Productivity and Bio-Fortification of Fine Rice by Improving Physiological Responses and Nutrient Homeostasis under Salinity Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1644. [PMID: 37111867 PMCID: PMC10144191 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress (SS) is major abiotic stress that is seriously limiting crop production across the globe. The application of organic amendments (OA) mitigate the effects of salinity and improves soil health and crop production on a sustainable basis. However, limited studies are conducted to determine the impact of farmyard manure (FYM) and press mud (PM) on the performance of rice crop. Therefore, we performed this study to determine the impacts of FYM and PM on the growth, physiological and biochemical attributes, yield, and grain bio-fortification of rice crop under SS. The experiment was comprised of SS levels; control, 6 and 12 dS m-1 SS and OA; control, FYM: 5%, press mud 5% and combination of FYM (5%) + PM (5%). Soil salinity imposed deleterious impacts on the growth, yield, and grain quality of rice, however, OA appreciably offset the deleterious impacts of SS and improved the growth, yield, and grain bio-fortification of rice crop. The combined application of FYM + PM improved the growth and yield of rice through an increase in chlorophyll contents, leaf water contents, anti-oxidant activities (ascorbate peroxidise: APX; catalase: CAT, peroxidise: POD and ascorbic acid: AsA), K+ accumulation and decrease in Na+/K+ ratio, electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Na+ accumulation. Moreover, the combined application of FYM + PM significantly improved the grain protein (5.84% and 12.90%), grain iron (40.95% and 42.37%), and grain zinc contents (36.81% and 50.93%) at 6 and 12 dS m-1 SS. Therefore, this study suggested that the application of FYM and PM augmented the growth, yield, physiology, biochemistry, and grain bio-fortification of rice and proved to be a good practice for better rice production in salt-affected soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Sikandar Mahmood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umer Chattha
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal Chattha
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Ahmad
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Masood Iqbal Awan
- Department of Agronomy, Sub-Campus Depalpur, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Okara 38040, Pakistan;
| | - Fatmah M. Alqahtani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sameer H. Qari
- Department of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Mahmood
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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9
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Liu J, Wang C, Peng J, Ju J, Li Y, Li C, Su J. Genome-wide investigation and expression profiles of the NPF gene family provide insight into the abiotic stress resistance of Gossypium hirsutum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1103340. [PMID: 36743489 PMCID: PMC9893419 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1103340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Membrane transporters encoded by NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1/PEPTIDE TRANSPORTER (NPF) genes, which play crucial roles in plant growth, development and resistance to various stresses, are involved in the transport of nitrate (NO3 -) and peptides. In several plant species, NPF genes are involved in the resistance to abiotic stresses; however, whether the whole NPF gene family in cotton contributes to this resistance has not been systematically investigated. Here, 201 genes encoding NPF proteins with a peptide transporter (PTR) domain were confirmed in three different Gossypium species, namely, Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium arboreum and Gossypium raimondii. The NPF proteins in these three Gossypium species and Arabidopsis thaliana were classified into three different subfamilies via phylogenetic analysis. Among the genes that encode these proteins, most GhNPF genes in the same subfamily contained similar gene structures and conserved domains. Predictions of the promoters of these genes revealed that the cis-acting elements included phytohormone- and light-responsive elements, indicating that some of these genes might be expressed in response to abiotic stress. Furthermore, 52 common potential candidate genes in 98 GhNPFs were predicted to exhibit specific spatiotemporal expression patterns in different tissues based on two RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) datasets. Finally, the gene expression profiles of abiotic stress indicated that 31 GhNPF genes were upregulated in at least one treatment period. Under abiotic stress for 12 and 24 h, the expression of GhNPF8 was upregulated upon cold treatment but downregulated with heat treatment, salt treatment and drought treatment. Furthermore, the expression of genes GhNPF8, GhNPF54 and GhNPF43 peaked at 6 h after heat and salt treatment. These results indicated that these genes exhibit underlying characteristics related to responses to abiotic stress. The verification of NPFs and analysis of their expression profiles in different tissues and in response to different abiotic stresses of cotton provide a basis for further studying the relationship between abiotic stress resistance and nitrogen (N) transport in cotton, as well as identifying candidate genes to facilitate their functional identification.
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10
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Yang Y, Yu J, Qian Q, Shang L. Enhancement of Heat and Drought Stress Tolerance in Rice by Genetic Manipulation: A Systematic Review. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 15:67. [PMID: 36562861 PMCID: PMC9789292 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-022-00614-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
As a result of global warming, plants are subjected to ever-increasing abiotic stresses including heat and drought. Drought stress frequently co-occurs with heat stress as a result of water evaporation. These stressors have adverse effects on crop production, which in turn affects human food security. Rice is a major food resource grown widely in crop-producing regions throughout the world. However, increasingly common heat and drought stresses in growth regions can have negative impacts on seedling morphogenesis, reproductive organ establishment, overall yield, and quality. This review centers on responses to heat and drought stress in rice. Current knowledge of molecular regulation mechanisms is summarized. We focus on approaches to cope with heat and drought stress, both at the genetic level and from an agricultural practice perspective. This review establishes a basis for improving rice stress tolerance, grain quality, and yield for human benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxue Yang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120 China
| | - Jianping Yu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206 China
| | - Qian Qian
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120 China
- China National Rice Research Institute (CNRRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 311401 China
| | - Lianguang Shang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120 China
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11
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Huang L, Liu Y, Wang X, Jiang C, Zhao Y, Lu M, Zhang J. Peroxisome-Mediated Reactive Oxygen Species Signals Modulate Programmed Cell Death in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710087. [PMID: 36077484 PMCID: PMC9456327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are a class of simple organelles that play an important role in plant reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism. Experimental evidence reveals the involvement of ROS in programmed cell death (PCD) in plants. Plant PCD is crucial for the regulation of plant growth, development and environmental stress resistance. However, it is unclear whether the ROS originated from peroxisomes participated in cellular PCD. Enzymes involved in the peroxisomal ROS metabolic pathways are key mediators to figure out the relationship between peroxisome-derived ROS and PCD. Here, we summarize the peroxisomal ROS generation and scavenging pathways and explain how peroxisome-derived ROS participate in PCD based on recent progress in the functional study of enzymes related to peroxisomal ROS generation or scavenging. We aimed to elucidate the role of the peroxisomal ROS regulatory system in cellular PCD to show its potential in terms of accurate PCD regulation, which contribute to environmental stress resistance.
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12
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Tisarum R, Pongprayoon W, Sithtisarn S, Sampumphuang T, Sotesaritkul T, Datta A, Singh HP, Cha-Um S. Expression levels of genes involved in metal homeostasis, physiological adaptation, and growth characteristics of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes under Fe and/or Al toxicity. PROTOPLASMA 2022; 259:1013-1028. [PMID: 34714403 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01719-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Acid sulphate soil contains high amounts of iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al), and their contamination has been reported as major problems, especially in rainfed and irrigated lowland paddy fields. Rice is sensitive to Fe and Al grown in acid soil (pH < 5.5), leading to growth inhibition and grain yield loss. The objective of this study was to evaluate Fe and/or Al uptake, translocation, physiological adaptation, metal toxicity, and growth inhibition in rice genotypes grown in acid soil. Fe and Al in the root tissues of all rice genotypes were enriched depending on the exogenous application of either Fe or Al in the soil solution, leading to root growth inhibition, especially in the KDML105 genotype. Expression level of OsYSL1 in KDML105 was increased in relation to metal uptake into root tissues, whereas OsVIT2 was downregulated, leading to Fe (50.3 mg g-1 DW or 13.1 folds over the control) and Al (4.8 mg g-1 DW or 2.2 folds over the control) translocation to leaf tissues. Consequently, leaf greenness (SPAD), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), and transpiration rate (E) in the leaf tissues of genotype KDML105 under Fe + Al toxicity significantly declined by 28.4%, 35.3%, 55.6%, and 51.6% over the control, respectively. In Azucena (AZU; Fe/Al tolerant), there was a rapid uptake of Fe and Al by OsYSL1 expression in the root tissues, but a limited secretion into vacuole organelles by OsVIT2, leading to a maintenance of low level of toxicity driven by an enhanced accumulation of glutathione together with downregulation of OsGR expression level. In addition, Fe and Al restrictions in the root tissues of genotype RD35 were evident; therefore, crop stress index (CSI) of Fe + Al-treated plants was the maximum, leading to an inhibition of gs (53.6% over the control) and E (49.0% over the control). Consequently, free proline, total phenolic compounds, and ascorbic acid in the leaf tissues of rice under Fe + Al toxicity significantly increased by 3.2, 1.2, and 1.5 folds over the control, respectively, indicating their functions in non-enzymatic antioxidant defense. Moreover, physiological parameters including leaf temperature (Tleaf) increment, high level of CSI (>0.6), SPAD reduction, photon yield of PSII (ΦPSII) diminution, Pn, gs, and E inhibition in rice genotype IR64 (Fe/Al-sensitive) under Fe + Al treatment were clearly demonstrated as good indicators of metal-induced toxicity. Our results on Fe- and/or Al-tolerant screening to find out the candidate genotypes will contribute to present screening and breeding efforts, which in turn help increase rice production in the Fe/Al-contaminated acid soil under lowland conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujira Tisarum
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Wasinee Pongprayoon
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Saen Suk, Chon Buri, 20131, Thailand
| | - Sayamon Sithtisarn
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Thapanee Sampumphuang
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Thanyaporn Sotesaritkul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Avishek Datta
- Agricultural Systems and Engineering, Department of Food, Agriculture and Bioresources, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Harminder Pal Singh
- Department of Environment Studies, Faculty of Science, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Suriyan Cha-Um
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
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13
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Khan A, Khan V, Pandey K, Sopory SK, Sanan-Mishra N. Thermo-Priming Mediated Cellular Networks for Abiotic Stress Management in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866409. [PMID: 35646001 PMCID: PMC9136941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants can adapt to different environmental conditions and can survive even under very harsh conditions. They have developed elaborate networks of receptors and signaling components, which modulate their biochemistry and physiology by regulating the genetic information. Plants also have the abilities to transmit information between their different parts to ensure a holistic response to any adverse environmental challenge. One such phenomenon that has received greater attention in recent years is called stress priming. Any milder exposure to stress is used by plants to prime themselves by modifying various cellular and molecular parameters. These changes seem to stay as memory and prepare the plants to better tolerate subsequent exposure to severe stress. In this review, we have discussed the various ways in which plants can be primed and illustrate the biochemical and molecular changes, including chromatin modification leading to stress memory, with major focus on thermo-priming. Alteration in various hormones and their subsequent role during and after priming under various stress conditions imposed by changing climate conditions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Neeti Sanan-Mishra
- Plant RNAi Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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14
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García de la Torre VS, Coba de la Peña T, Lucas MM, Pueyo JJ. Transgenic Medicago truncatula Plants That Accumulate Proline Display Enhanced Tolerance to Cadmium Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:829069. [PMID: 35154232 PMCID: PMC8826176 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.829069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in agricultural soils constitutes a serious problem for crop yields and food safety. It is known that proline (Pro) can rapidly accumulate in plant tissues in response to abiotic stress. To analyze the potential protective effect of Pro accumulation against Cd toxicity, we compared the response to Cd stress of wild-type (WT) Medicago truncatula and a transgenic line that we had previously obtained and characterized (p18), which expressed the Δ 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase gene from Vigna aconitifolia (VaP5CS), and accumulated high Pro levels. Cadmium significantly reduced germination of WT seeds compared to p18 seeds, and seedling relative root growth, a valid indicator of metal tolerance, was significantly higher for p18 than WT seedlings. We analyzed the relative expression of genes related to Pro metabolism, phytochelatin biosynthesis. antioxidant machinery, and NADPH recycling, which are relevant mechanisms in the response to Cd stress. They presented differential expression in the seedlings of both genotypes both under control conditions and under Cd stress, suggesting that the Cd response mechanisms might be constitutively activated in the transgenic line. Pro accumulation promoted higher survival, enhanced growth performance, and minor nutrient imbalance in transgenic p18 plants compared to WT plants. These facts, together with the recorded gluthatione levels, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities strongly suggested that VaP5CS expression and Pro accumulation conferred enhanced Cd tolerance to M. truncatula p18 plants, which was likely mediated by changes in Pro metabolism, increased phytochelatin biosynthesis and a more efficient antioxidant response. Moreover, p18 roots accumulated significantly higher Cd amounts than WT roots, while Cd translocation to the aerial part was similar to WT plants, thus suggesting that high Pro levels increased not only Cd tolerance, but also Cd phytostabilization by rhizosequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teodoro Coba de la Peña
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), La Serena, Chile
- *Correspondence: Teodoro Coba de la Peña,
| | - M. Mercedes Lucas
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientiíficas (ICA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- M. Mercedes Lucas,
| | - José J. Pueyo
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientiíficas (ICA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- José J. Pueyo,
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15
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Liang T, Yuan Z, Fu L, Zhu M, Luo X, Xu W, Yuan H, Zhu R, Hu Z, Wu X. Integrative Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis Reveals an Alternative Molecular Network of Glutamine Synthetase 2 Corresponding to Nitrogen Deficiency in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147674. [PMID: 34299294 PMCID: PMC8304609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development. The root system architecture is a highly regulated morphological system, which is sensitive to the availability of nutrients, such as N. Phenotypic characterization of roots from LY9348 (a rice variety with high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE)) treated with 0.725 mM NH4NO3 (1/4N) was remarkable, especially primary root (PR) elongation, which was the highest. A comprehensive analysis was performed for transcriptome and proteome profiling of LY9348 roots between 1/4N and 2.9 mM NH4NO3 (1N) treatments. The results indicated 3908 differential expression genes (DEGs; 2569 upregulated and 1339 downregulated) and 411 differential abundance proteins (DAPs; 192 upregulated and 219 downregulated). Among all DAPs in the proteome, glutamine synthetase (GS2), a chloroplastic ammonium assimilation protein, was the most upregulated protein identified. The unexpected concentration of GS2 from the shoot to the root in the 1/4N treatment indicated that the presence of an alternative pathway of N assimilation regulated by GS2 in LY9348 corresponded to the low N signal, which was supported by GS enzyme activity and glutamine/glutamate (Gln/Glu) contents analysis. In addition, N transporters (NRT2.1, NRT2.2, NRT2.3, NRT2.4, NAR2.1, AMT1.3, AMT1.2, and putative AMT3.3) and N assimilators (NR2, GS1;1, GS1;2, GS1;3, NADH-GOGAT2, and AS2) were significantly induced during the long-term N-deficiency response at the transcription level (14 days). Moreover, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis demonstrated that phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and glutathione metabolism were significantly modulated by N deficiency. Notably, many transcription factors and plant hormones were found to participate in root morphological adaptation. In conclusion, our study provides valuable information to further understand the response of rice roots to N-deficiency stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (T.L.); (Z.Y.); (L.F.); (M.Z.); (X.L.); (W.X.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Z.H.)
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhengqing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (T.L.); (Z.Y.); (L.F.); (M.Z.); (X.L.); (W.X.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Z.H.)
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (T.L.); (Z.Y.); (L.F.); (M.Z.); (X.L.); (W.X.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Z.H.)
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Menghan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (T.L.); (Z.Y.); (L.F.); (M.Z.); (X.L.); (W.X.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Z.H.)
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaoyun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (T.L.); (Z.Y.); (L.F.); (M.Z.); (X.L.); (W.X.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Z.H.)
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wuwu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (T.L.); (Z.Y.); (L.F.); (M.Z.); (X.L.); (W.X.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Z.H.)
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Huanran Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (T.L.); (Z.Y.); (L.F.); (M.Z.); (X.L.); (W.X.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Z.H.)
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Renshan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (T.L.); (Z.Y.); (L.F.); (M.Z.); (X.L.); (W.X.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Z.H.)
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhongli Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (T.L.); (Z.Y.); (L.F.); (M.Z.); (X.L.); (W.X.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Z.H.)
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xianting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (T.L.); (Z.Y.); (L.F.); (M.Z.); (X.L.); (W.X.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Z.H.)
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science, Chengdu 610000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-181-8061-4938
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16
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Kok ADX, Mohd Yusoff NF, Sekeli R, Wee CY, Lamasudin DU, Ong-Abdullah J, Lai KS. Pluronic F-68 Improves Callus Proliferation of Recalcitrant Rice Cultivar via Enhanced Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism and Nutrients Uptake. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:667434. [PMID: 34149763 PMCID: PMC8207202 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.667434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Pluronic F-68 (PF-68) is a non-ionic surfactant used in plant tissue culture as a growth additive. Despite its usage as a plant growth enhancer, the mechanism underlying the growth-promoting effects of PF-68 remains largely unknown. Hence, this study was undertaken to elucidate the growth-promoting mechanism of PF-68 using recalcitrant MR 219 callus as a model. Supplementation of 0.04% PF-68 (optimum concentration) was shown to enhance callus proliferation. The treated callus recorded enhanced sugar content, protein content, and glutamate synthase activity as exemplified in the comparative proteome analysis, showing protein abundance involved in carbohydrate metabolism (alpha amylase), protein biosynthesis (ribosomal proteins), and nitrogen metabolism (glutamate synthase), which are crucial to plant growth and development. Moreover, an increase in nutrients uptake was also noted with potassium topping the list, suggesting a vital role of K in governing plant growth. In contrast, 0.10% PF-68 (high concentration) induced stress response in the callus, revealing an increment in phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, malondialdehyde content, and peroxidase activity, which were consistent with high abundance of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, peroxidase, and peroxiredoxin proteins detected and concomitant with a reduced level of esterase activity. The data highlighted that incorporation of PF-68 at optimum concentration improved callus proliferation of recalcitrant MR 219 through enhanced carbohydrate metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and nutrient uptake. However, growth-promoting effects of PF-68 are concentration dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew De-Xian Kok
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Nur Fatihah Mohd Yusoff
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Rogayah Sekeli
- Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chien-Yeong Wee
- Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Dhilia Udie Lamasudin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Janna Ong-Abdullah
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Janna Ong-Abdullah
| | - Kok-Song Lai
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Kok-Song Lai
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17
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Paradiso A, Domingo G, Blanco E, Buscaglia A, Fortunato S, Marsoni M, Scarcia P, Caretto S, Vannini C, de Pinto MC. Cyclic AMP mediates heat stress response by the control of redox homeostasis and ubiquitin-proteasome system. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:2727-2742. [PMID: 32876347 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS), causing impairment in several physiological processes, is one of the most damaging environmental cues for plants. To counteract the harmful effects of high temperatures, plants activate complex signalling networks, indicated as HS response (HSR). Expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and adjustment of redox homeostasis are crucial events of HSR, required for thermotolerance. By pharmacological approaches, the involvement of cAMP in triggering plant HSR has been recently proposed. In this study, to investigate the role of cAMP in HSR signalling, tobacco BY-2 cells overexpressing the 'cAMP-sponge', a genetic tool that reduces intracellular cAMP levels, have been used. in vivo cAMP dampening increased HS susceptibility in a HSPs-independent way. The failure in cAMP elevation during HS caused a high accumulation of reactive oxygen species, due to increased levels of respiratory burst oxidase homolog D, decreased activities of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase, as well as down-accumulation of proteins involved in the control of redox homeostasis. In addition, cAMP deficiency impaired proteasome activity and prevented the accumulation of many proteins of ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). By a large-scale proteomic approach together with in silico analyses, these UPS proteins were identified in a specific cAMP-dependent network of HSR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guido Domingo
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Emanuela Blanco
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessio Buscaglia
- Department of Biology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | | | - Milena Marsoni
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Pasquale Scarcia
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Sofia Caretto
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR, Research Division Lecce, Lecce, Italy
| | - Candida Vannini
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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18
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Nazir F, Fariduddin Q, Khan TA. Hydrogen peroxide as a signalling molecule in plants and its crosstalk with other plant growth regulators under heavy metal stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 252:126486. [PMID: 32234629 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) acts as a significant regulatory component interrelated with signal transduction in plants. The positive role of H2O2 in plants subjected to myriad of abiotic factors has led us to comprehend that it is not only a free radical, generated as a product of oxidative stress, but also helpful in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis in crop plants. Studies over the last two centuries has indicated that H2O2 is a key molecule which regulate photosynthesis, stomatal movement, pollen growth, fruit and flower development and leaf senescence. Exogenously-sourced H2O2 at nanomolar levels functions as a signalling molecule, facilitates seed germination, chlorophyll content, stomatal opening, and delays senescence, while at elevated levels, it triggers oxidative burst to organic molecules, which could lead to cell death. Furthermore, H2O2 is also known to interplay synergistically or antagonistically with other plant growth regulators such as auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene and salicylic acid, nitric oxide and Ca2+ (as signalling molecules), and brassinosteroids (steroidal PGRs) under myriad of environmental stresses and thus, mediate plant growth and development and reactions to abiotic factors. The purpose of this review is to specify accessible knowledge on the role and dynamic mechanisms of H2O2 in mediating growth responses and plant resilience to HM stresses, and its crosstalk with other significant PGRs in controlling various processes. More recently, signal transduction by mitogen activated protein kinases and other transcription factors which attenuate HM stresses in plants have also been dissected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faroza Nazir
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Qazi Fariduddin
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Tanveer Alam Khan
- Department of Plant Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstraße 3, D-06466, Gatersleben, Germany
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19
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Janni M, Gullì M, Maestri E, Marmiroli M, Valliyodan B, Nguyen HT, Marmiroli N. Molecular and genetic bases of heat stress responses in crop plants and breeding for increased resilience and productivity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:3780-3802. [PMID: 31970395 PMCID: PMC7316970 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
To ensure the food security of future generations and to address the challenge of the 'no hunger zone' proposed by the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), crop production must be doubled by 2050, but environmental stresses are counteracting this goal. Heat stress in particular is affecting agricultural crops more frequently and more severely. Since the discovery of the physiological, molecular, and genetic bases of heat stress responses, cultivated plants have become the subject of intense research on how they may avoid or tolerate heat stress by either using natural genetic variation or creating new variation with DNA technologies, mutational breeding, or genome editing. This review reports current understanding of the genetic and molecular bases of heat stress in crops together with recent approaches to creating heat-tolerant varieties. Research is close to a breakthrough of global relevance, breeding plants fitter to face the biggest challenge of our time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Janni
- Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola, Bari, Italy
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism (IMEM), National Research Council (CNR), Parco Area delle Scienze, Parma, Italy
| | - Mariolina Gullì
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Maestri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, Parma, Italy
| | - Marta Marmiroli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, Parma, Italy
| | - Babu Valliyodan
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Lincoln University, Jefferson City, MO, USA
| | - Henry T Nguyen
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Nelson Marmiroli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, Parma, Italy
- CINSA Interuniversity Consortium for Environmental Sciences, Parma/Venice, Italy
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20
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Kok ADX, Wan Abdullah WMAN, Tan NP, Ong-Abdullah J, Sekeli R, Wee CY, Lai KS. Growth promoting effects of Pluronic F-68 on callus proliferation of recalcitrant rice cultivar. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:116. [PMID: 32117677 PMCID: PMC7024072 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-2118-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to evaluate growth-promoting effects of Pluronic F-68 (PF-68) on recalcitrant MR 219 rice callus. Our study shows that calli grown on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 0.04% PF-68 significantly increased callus proliferation by 58.80% (fresh weight) and 23.98% (dry weight) while root formation from callus was enhanced by 28.57%. Enhanced callus proliferation was supported by biochemical analysis, whereby highest amount of soluble sugar (1.77 mg/mL) and protein (0.17 mg/mL) contents were recorded in calli grown on 0.04% PF-68. Furthermore, enhanced expression of sucrose synthase (2.65-folds) and NADH-dependent glutamate synthase (1.86-folds) genes in calli grown on 0.04% PF-68 also correlates with enhanced callus proliferation. In contrast, high concentration of PF-68 (0.10%) recorded highest amount of phenolic (0.74 mg/mL), flavonoid (0.08 mg/mL), and hydrogen peroxide content (0.06 mg/mL) as compared to other treatment groups indicates activation of plant defence mechanism towards stress. Similarly, high expression of 4-coumarate:CoA ligase 3 (1.28-folds), chalcone-flavonone isomerase (1.65-folds) and ascorbate peroxidase (1.61-folds) genes were observed in calli grown on 0.10% PF-68 further supports increasing stress caused by the high concentration of PF-68. Taken together, our study revealed that optimum concentration of PF-68 could improve recalcitrant rice callus proliferation via enhanced sugar metabolism and amino acid biosynthesis which are crucial towards plant growth and development. However, at high concentration, PF-68 induces stress in plant which enhance the production of secondary metabolite to maintain cellular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew De-Xian Kok
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Wan Muhamad Asrul Nizam Wan Abdullah
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Ngai-Paing Tan
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Janna Ong-Abdullah
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Rogayah Sekeli
- Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chien-Yeong Wee
- Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Song Lai
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012 Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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21
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Jung HI, Lee BR, Chae MJ, Lee EJ, Lee TG, Jung GB, Kim MS, Lee J. Ascorbate-Mediated Modulation of Cadmium Stress Responses: Reactive Oxygen Species and Redox Status in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:586547. [PMID: 33329648 PMCID: PMC7733925 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.586547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of ascorbate (AsA) in antioxidant defense system-associated resistance to cadmium (Cd) in oilseed rape plants has not yet been clearly demonstrated. The present study investigated the critical role of exogenous AsA on the physiological and biochemical responses of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant scavenging defense systems in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. cv. Tammi) seedlings exposed to Cd. Cd (10 μM) treatment led to significant reductions in plant growth; increases in the levels of superoxide anion radical, hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde; and increases in Cd uptake and accumulation by the roots and shoots in hydroponically grown 10-day-old seedlings. Moreover, it reduced AsA content and AsA redox ratios, which have been correlated with reductions in glutathione (GSH) and/or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) redox status. However, exogenously applying AsA to Cd-exposed seedlings decreased Cd-induced ROS, improved antioxidant defense systems by increasing AsA, GSH, and NADPH contents, and increased Cd uptake and accumulation in both roots and shoots of the plants. These results provided evidence that the enhancement in AsA redox status can be linked to an increase in the GSH and/or NADPH redox ratios through the induction of the AsA-GSH-NADPH cycle. Thus, these results suggest that exogenous AsA application to oilseed rape seedlings under Cd stress might alleviate the overall Cd toxicity by regulating the homeostasis of the AsA-GSH-NADPH cycle, which reestablishes the steady-state cellular redox status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-il Jung
- Division of Soil and Fertilizer, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Ha-il Jung,
| | - Bok-Rye Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Chae
- Division of Soil and Fertilizer, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Lee
- Division of Soil and Fertilizer, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Tae-Gu Lee
- Division of Soil and Fertilizer, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Goo-Bok Jung
- Division of Climate Change and Agroecology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Myung-Sook Kim
- Division of Soil and Fertilizer, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Jinwook Lee
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
- Jinwook Lee, ;
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22
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Hsu CH, Hsu YT. Biochemical responses of rice roots to cold stress. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2019; 60:14. [PMID: 31300921 PMCID: PMC6626088 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-019-0262-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cold stress is the main factor that reduces rice yield in subtropical areas, especially at the seedling stage. Most of the current studies on cold stress focus the responses of rice shoots to cold stress. Limited studies are available on that of rice roots to cold stress. This study aimed to illustrate the biochemical responses of rice root under cold treatment, and subject to the establishment of cold stress-related biochemical traits for rice breeding or cropping-adjustment. RESULTS Our results showed that the growth of rice seedling diminished under cold stress with difference extents among eight rice cultivars of most productive in Taiwan. Under cold treatments, the tested cultivars with higher growth rate had a higher level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the shoots but had a lower level in the roots. In contrast, the tested cultivates with low growth rate had higher levels of H2O2 in the roots but a lower level in the shoots. Meanwhile, higher MDA contents and higher cell-damage related electrolyte leakage were also found in the roots not in the shoots, suggesting that cold stress might induce oxidative stress in the roots, not in the shoots. Furthermore, the activity analysis of four antioxidant enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbic peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR), revealed that cold stress could increase SOD and CAT activities in the roots. CONCLUSIONS In summary, low H2O2 and low MDA contents along with lower SOD and CAT activities in rice root could be the biochemical traits of cold responses in rice seedlings. The results are hoping to have a contribution to the rice breeding or cropping-adjustment on cold tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Hsin Hsu
- Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi Ting Hsu
- Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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23
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Filiz E, Ozyigit II, Saracoglu IA, Uras ME, Sen U, Yalcin B. Abiotic stress-induced regulation of antioxidant genes in different Arabidopsis ecotypes: microarray data evaluation. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2018.1556120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ertugrul Filiz
- Department of Crop and Animal Production, Cilimli Vocational School, Duzce University, Cilimli, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Ilker Ozyigit
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Marmara University, Goztepe, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Ibrahim Adnan Saracoglu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Marmara University, Goztepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Uras
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Marmara University, Goztepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ugur Sen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Marmara University, Goztepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahattin Yalcin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Marmara University, Goztepe, Istanbul, Turkey
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24
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Azizollahi Z, Ghaderian SM, Ghotbi-Ravandi AA. Cadmium accumulation and its effects on physiological and biochemical characters of summer savory ( Satureja hortensis L.). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 21:1241-1253. [PMID: 31140292 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1619163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of cadmium (Cd) toxicity on accumulation, growth, physiological responses, and biochemical characters in summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.). Plants were subjected to different levels of Cd concentrations including 0 (control), 2.5, 5, and 15 mg L-1 in the growing medium. Cd exposure led to a significant increase in root and shoot Cd content. Calculation of bioaccumulation factor, translocation factor, and transfer coefficient revealed that Cd mostly accumulated in roots of S. hortensis and root to shoot transport was effectively restricted. Cd toxicity negatively affected plant growth and significantly reduced chlorophyll content. Contrarily, proline, soluble and reducing carbohydrates, anthocyanin content, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes significantly increased as a result of Cd exposure. Cd application led to a significant increase in essential oil content of S. hortensis. GC-MS analysis revealed that percentage main constitute of S. hortensi, carvacrol, which determines the quality of oil increased under the highest Cd treatment. Based on our findings, S. hortensis can be considered an invaluable alternative crop for mildly Cd-contaminated soils. Besides, due to the high potential of Cd accumulation in the root, S. hortensis may offer a feasible tool for phytostabilization purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Azizollahi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan , Isfahan , Iran
| | | | - Ali Akbar Ghotbi-Ravandi
- Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University , Tehran , Iran
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25
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Locato V, Cimini S, De Gara L. ROS and redox balance as multifaceted players of cross-tolerance: epigenetic and retrograde control of gene expression. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:3373-3391. [PMID: 29722828 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Retrograde pathways occurring between chloroplasts, mitochondria, and the nucleus involve oxidative and antioxidative signals that, working in a synergistic or antagonistic mode, control the expression of specific patterns of genes following stress perception. Increasing evidence also underlines the relevance of mitochondrion-chloroplast-nucleus crosstalk in modulating the whole cellular redox metabolism by a controlled and integrated flux of information. Plants can maintain the acquired tolerance by a stress memory, also operating at the transgenerational level, via epigenetic and miRNA-based mechanisms controlling gene expression. Data discussed in this review strengthen the idea that ROS, redox signals, and shifts in cellular redox balance permeate the signalling network leading to cross-tolerance. The identification of specific ROS/antioxidative signatures leading a plant to different fates under stress is pivotal for identifying strategies to monitor and increase plant fitness in a changing environment. This review provides an update of the plant redox signalling network implicated in stress responses, in particular in cross-tolerance acquisition. The interplay between reactive oxygen species (ROS), ROS-derived signals, and antioxidative pathways is also discussed in terms of plant acclimation to stress in the short and long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Locato
- Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Cimini
- Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura De Gara
- Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy
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26
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Hossain MA, Li ZG, Hoque TS, Burritt DJ, Fujita M, Munné-Bosch S. Heat or cold priming-induced cross-tolerance to abiotic stresses in plants: key regulators and possible mechanisms. PROTOPLASMA 2018; 255:399-412. [PMID: 28776104 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1150-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plants growing under field conditions are constantly exposed, either simultaneously or sequentially, to more than one abiotic stress factor. Plants have evolved sophisticated sensory systems to perceive a number of stress signals that allow them to activate the most adequate response to grow and survive in a given environment. Recently, cross-stress tolerance (i.e. tolerance to a second, strong stress after a different type of mild primary stress) has gained attention as a potential means of producing stress-resistant crops to aid with global food security. Heat or cold priming-induced cross-tolerance is very common in plants and often results from the synergistic co-activation of multiple stress signalling pathways, which involve reactive nitrogen species (RNS), reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive carbonyl species (RCS), plant hormones and transcription factors. Recent studies have shown that the signalling functions of ROS, RNS and RCS, most particularly hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide (NO) and methylglyoxal (MG), provide resistance to abiotic stresses and underpin cross-stress tolerance in plants by modulating the expression of genes as well as the post-translational modification of proteins. The current review highlights the key regulators and mechanisms underlying heat or cold priming-induced cross-stress tolerance in plants, with a focus on ROS, MG and NO signalling, as well as on the role of antioxidant and glyoxalase systems, osmolytes, heat-shock proteins (HSPs) and hormones. Our aim is also to provide a comprehensive idea on the topic for researchers using heat or cold priming-induced cross-tolerance as a mechanism to improve crop yields under multiple abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Anwar Hossain
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
| | - Zhong-Guang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Tahsina Sharmin Hoque
- Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - David J Burritt
- Department of Botany, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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27
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Shahid M, Dumat C, Khalid S, Niazi NK, Antunes PMC. Cadmium Bioavailability, Uptake, Toxicity and Detoxification in Soil-Plant System. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 241:73-137. [PMID: 27300014 DOI: 10.1007/398_2016_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the findings of the most recent studies, published from 2000 to 2016, which focus on the biogeochemical behavior of Cd in soil-plant systems and its impact on the ecosystem. For animals and people not subjected to a Cd-contaminated environment, consumption of Cd contaminated food (vegetables, cereals, pulses and legumes) is the main source of Cd exposure. As Cd does not have any known biological function, and can further cause serious deleterious effects both in plants and mammalian consumers, cycling of Cd within the soil-plant system is of high global relevance.The main source of Cd in soil is that which originates as emissions from various industrial processes. Within soil, Cd occurs in various chemical forms which differ greatly with respect to their lability and phytoavailability. Cadmium has a high phytoaccumulation index because of its low adsorption coefficient and high soil-plant mobility and thereby may enter the food chain. Plant uptake of Cd is believed to occur mainly via roots by specific and non-specific transporters of essential nutrients, as no Cd-specific transporter has yet been identified. Within plants, Cd causes phytotoxicity by decreasing nutrient uptake, inhibiting photosynthesis, plant growth and respiration, inducing lipid peroxidation and altering the antioxidant system and functioning of membranes. Plants tackle Cd toxicity via different defense strategies such as decreased Cd uptake or sequestration into vacuoles. In addition, various antioxidants combat Cd-induced overproduction of ROS. Other mechanisms involve the induction of phytochelatins, glutathione and salicylic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan.
| | - Camille Dumat
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Travail Organisation Pouvoir (CERTOP), UMR5044, Université J. Jaurès-Toulouse II, 5 Allée Antonio Machado, 31058, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Sana Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
- Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore, 2480, NSW, Australia
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28
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Sun H, Dai H, Wang X, Wang G. Physiological and proteomic analysis of selenium-mediated tolerance to Cd stress in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 133:114-26. [PMID: 27434422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Selenium can mitigate cadmium toxicity in plants. However, the mechanism of this alleviation has not been fully understood. In the present study, the role of Se in inducing tolerance to Cd stress in cucumber was elucidated. Results showed that Se significantly alleviated Cd-induced growth inhibition, reduced Cd concentration, increased SPAD value and improved photosynthetic performance. Through proteomic analysis by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with mass spectrometry, 26 protein spots were identified, which were significantly influenced by Cd stress and/or Se application. Among these proteins, the abundance of 21 spots (10 in leaves and 11 in roots) were repressed in Cd-treated and up-accumulated or no-changed in Cd+Se-treated cucumber. These altered proteins were involved in the response to stress, metabolism, photosynthesis and storage, they were including glutathione S-transferase F8, heat shock protein STI-like, peroxidase, ascorbate oxidase, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase 2, NiR, Rieske type ion sulfur subunit and PsbP domain-containing protein 6. Furthermore, we identified five proteins with an increase in relative abundance after Cd treatment, they were involved in the functional groups active in response to stress and transport. The present study provided novel insights into Se-mediated tolerance of cucumber seedlings against Cd toxicity at the proteome level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Sun
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China.
| | - Huaxin Dai
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Institute of Shanxi Soil and Water Conservation, Taiyuan 030045, PR China
| | - Guohui Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
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29
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Rizwan M, Ali S, Adrees M, Rizvi H, Zia-Ur-Rehman M, Hannan F, Qayyum MF, Hafeez F, Ok YS. Cadmium stress in rice: toxic effects, tolerance mechanisms, and management: a critical review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:17859-79. [PMID: 26996904 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6436-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the main pollutants in paddy fields, and its accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and subsequent transfer to food chain is a global environmental issue. This paper reviews the toxic effects, tolerance mechanisms, and management of Cd in a rice paddy. Cadmium toxicity decreases seed germination, growth, mineral nutrients, photosynthesis, and grain yield. It also causes oxidative stress and genotoxicity in rice. Plant response to Cd toxicity varies with cultivars, growth condition, and duration of Cd exposure. Under Cd stress, stimulation of antioxidant defense system, osmoregulation, ion homeostasis, and over production of signaling molecules are important tolerance mechanisms in rice. Several strategies have been proposed for the management of Cd-contaminated paddy soils. One such approach is the exogenous application of hormones, osmolytes, and signaling molecules. Moreover, Cd uptake and toxicity in rice can be decreased by proper application of essential nutrients such as nitrogen, zinc, iron, and selenium in Cd-contaminated soils. In addition, several inorganic (liming and silicon) and organic (compost and biochar) amendments have been applied in the soils to reduce Cd stress in rice. Selection of low Cd-accumulating rice cultivars, crop rotation, water management, and exogenous application of microbes could be a reasonable approach to alleviate Cd toxicity in rice. To draw a sound conclusion, long-term field trials are still required, including risks and benefit analysis for various management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adrees
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hina Rizvi
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia-Ur-Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Fakhir Hannan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq Qayyum
- Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Hafeez
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Centre & Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
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Zhang H, Xia Y, Chen C, Zhuang K, Song Y, Shen Z. Analysis of Copper-Binding Proteins in Rice Radicles Exposed to Excess Copper and Hydrogen Peroxide Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1216. [PMID: 27582750 PMCID: PMC4987373 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient for plants, but excess Cu can inactivate and disturb the protein function due to unavoidable binding to proteins at the cellular level. As a redox-active metal, Cu toxicity is mediated by the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cu-binding structural motifs may alleviate Cu-induced damage by decreasing free Cu(2+) activity in cytoplasm or scavenging ROS. The identification of Cu-binding proteins involved in the response of plants to Cu or ROS toxicity may increase our understanding the mechanisms of metal toxicity and tolerance in plants. This study investigated change of Cu-binding proteins in radicles of germinating rice seeds under excess Cu and oxidative stress using immobilized Cu(2+) affinity chromatography, two-dimensional electrophoresis, and mass spectra analysis. Quantitative image analysis revealed that 26 protein spots showed more than a 1.5-fold difference in abundances under Cu or H2O2 treatment compared to the control. The identified Cu-binding proteins were involved in anti-oxidative defense, stress response and detoxification, protein synthesis, protein modification, and metabolism regulation. The present results revealed that 17 out of 24 identified Cu-binding proteins have a similar response to low concentration Cu (20 μM Cu) and H2O2 stress, and 5 out of 24 were increased under low and high concentration Cu (100 μM Cu) but unaffected under H2O2 stress, which hint Cu ions can regulate Cu-binding proteins accumulation by H2O2 or no H2O2 pathway to cope with excess Cu in cell. The change pattern of these Cu-binding proteins and their function analysis warrant to further study the roles of Cu ions in these Cu-binding proteins of plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiao Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang, China
| | - Yan Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Kai Zhuang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yufeng Song
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
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31
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Driedonks N, Rieu I, Vriezen WH. Breeding for plant heat tolerance at vegetative and reproductive stages. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2016; 29:67-79. [PMID: 26874710 PMCID: PMC4909801 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-016-0275-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Thermotolerant crop research. Global warming has become a serious worldwide threat. High temperature is a major environmental factor limiting crop productivity. Current adaptations to high temperature via alterations to technical and management systems are insufficient to sustain yield. For this reason, breeding for heat-tolerant crops is in high demand. This review provides an overview of the effects of high temperature on plant physiology, fertility and crop yield and discusses the strategies for breeding heat-tolerant cultivars. Generating thermotolerant crops seems to be a challenging task as heat sensitivity is highly variable across developmental stages and processes. In response to heat, plants trigger a cascade of events, switching on numerous genes. Although breeding has made substantial advances in developing heat-tolerant lines, the genetic basis and diversity of heat tolerance in plants remain largely unknown. The development of new varieties is expensive and time-consuming, and knowledge of heat tolerance mechanisms would aid the design of strategies to screen germplasm for heat tolerance traits. However, gains in heat tolerance are limited by the often narrow genetic diversity. Exploration and use of wild relatives and landraces in breeding can increase useful genetic diversity in current crops. Due to the complex nature of plant heat tolerance and its immediate global concern, it is essential to face this breeding challenge in a multidisciplinary holistic approach involving governmental agencies, private companies and academic institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky Driedonks
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo Rieu
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Wim H Vriezen
- Bayer CropScience Vegetable Seeds, PO Box 4005, 6080 AA, Haelen, The Netherlands
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Cuypers A, Hendrix S, Amaral dos Reis R, De Smet S, Deckers J, Gielen H, Jozefczak M, Loix C, Vercampt H, Vangronsveld J, Keunen E. Hydrogen Peroxide, Signaling in Disguise during Metal Phytotoxicity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:470. [PMID: 27199999 PMCID: PMC4843763 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants exposed to excess metals are challenged by an increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide ([Formula: see text]), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the hydroxyl radical ((•)OH). The mechanisms underlying this oxidative challenge are often dependent on metal-specific properties and might play a role in stress perception, signaling and acclimation. Although ROS were initially considered as toxic compounds causing damage to various cellular structures, their role as signaling molecules became a topic of intense research over the last decade. Hydrogen peroxide in particular is important in signaling because of its relatively low toxicity, long lifespan and its ability to cross cellular membranes. The delicate balance between its production and scavenging by a plethora of enzymatic and metabolic antioxidants is crucial in the onset of diverse signaling cascades that finally lead to plant acclimation to metal stress. In this review, our current knowledge on the dual role of ROS in metal-exposed plants is presented. Evidence for a relationship between H2O2 and plant metal tolerance is provided. Furthermore, emphasis is put on recent advances in understanding cellular damage and downstream signaling responses as a result of metal-induced H2O2 production. Finally, special attention is paid to the interaction between H2O2 and other signaling components such as transcription factors, mitogen-activated protein kinases, phytohormones and regulating systems (e.g. microRNAs). These responses potentially underlie metal-induced senescence in plants. Elucidating the signaling network activated during metal stress is a pivotal step to make progress in applied technologies like phytoremediation of polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Cuypers
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt UniversityDiepenbeek, Belgium
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Xu XY, Ding ZJ, Chen L, Yan JY, Li GX, Zheng SJ. An eukaryotic translation initiation factor, AteIF5A-2, affects cadmium accumulation and sensitivity in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 57:848-58. [PMID: 25559189 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic elements and can be accumulated in plants easily; meanwhile, eIF5A is a highly conserved protein in all eukaryotic organisms. The present work tried to investigate whether eIF5A is involved in Cd accumulation and sensitivity in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana L.) by comparing the wild-type Columbia-0 (Col-0) with a knockdown mutant of AteIF5A-2, fbr12-3 under Cd stress conditions. The results showed that the mutant fbr12-3 accumulated more Cd in roots and shoots and had significantly lower chlorophyll content, shorter root length, and smaller biomass, suggesting that downregulation of AteIF5A-2 makes the mutant more Cd sensitive. Real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that the expressions of metal transporters involved in Cd uptake and translocation including IRT1, ZIP1, AtNramp3, and AtHMA4 were significantly increased but the expressions of PCS1 and PCS2 related to Cd detoxification were decreased notably in fbr12-3 compared with Col-0. As a result, an increase in MDA and H2 O2 content but decrease in root trolox, glutathione and proline content under Cd stress was observed, indicating that a severer oxidative stress occurs in the mutant. All these results demonstrated for the first time that AteIF5A influences Cd sensitivity by affecting Cd uptake, accumulation, and detoxification in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhong-Jie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jin-Ying Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Gui-Xin Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shao-Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Hossain MA, Bhattacharjee S, Armin SM, Qian P, Xin W, Li HY, Burritt DJ, Fujita M, Tran LSP. Hydrogen peroxide priming modulates abiotic oxidative stress tolerance: insights from ROS detoxification and scavenging. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:420. [PMID: 26136756 PMCID: PMC4468828 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants are constantly challenged by various abiotic stresses that negatively affect growth and productivity worldwide. During the course of their evolution, plants have developed sophisticated mechanisms to recognize external signals allowing them to respond appropriately to environmental conditions, although the degree of adjustability or tolerance to specific stresses differs from species to species. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS; hydrogen peroxide, H2O2; superoxide, [Formula: see text]; hydroxyl radical, OH(⋅) and singlet oxygen, (1)O2) is enhanced under abiotic and/or biotic stresses, which can cause oxidative damage to plant macromolecules and cell structures, leading to inhibition of plant growth and development, or to death. Among the various ROS, freely diffusible and relatively long-lived H2O2 acts as a central player in stress signal transduction pathways. These pathways can then activate multiple acclamatory responses that reinforce resistance to various abiotic and biotic stressors. To utilize H2O2 as a signaling molecule, non-toxic levels must be maintained in a delicate balancing act between H2O2 production and scavenging. Several recent studies have demonstrated that the H2O2-priming can enhance abiotic stress tolerance by modulating ROS detoxification and by regulating multiple stress-responsive pathways and gene expression. Despite the importance of the H2O2-priming, little is known about how this process improves the tolerance of plants to stress. Understanding the mechanisms of H2O2-priming-induced abiotic stress tolerance will be valuable for identifying biotechnological strategies to improve abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. This review is an overview of our current knowledge of the possible mechanisms associated with H2O2-induced abiotic oxidative stress tolerance in plants, with special reference to antioxidant metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A. Hossain
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh, Bangladesh
| | | | - Saed-Moucheshi Armin
- Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz UniversityShiraz, Iran
| | - Pingping Qian
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka UniversityToyonaka, Japan
| | - Wang Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yu Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
| | | | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa UniversityTakamatsu, Japan
| | - Lam-Son P. Tran
- Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceYokohama, Japan
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35
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Liu W, Shang S, Feng X, Zhang G, Wu F. Modulation of exogenous selenium in cadmium-induced changes in antioxidative metabolism, cadmium uptake, and photosynthetic performance in the 2 tobacco genotypes differing in cadmium tolerance. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:92-9. [PMID: 25263007 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydroponic experiments were conducted using cadmium (Cd)-sensitive (cv Guiyan 1) and Cd-tolerant (Yunyan 2) tobacco cultivars to evaluate cultivar differences in response to Cd toxicity in the presence of selenium (Se). The results showed that addition of 3 µM Se in 50 µM Cd solution markedly reduced Cd accumulation in plants, alleviated Cd-induced growth inhibition, and increased nitrogen and chlorophyll contents as well as photosynthetic performance (i.e., net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate). External Se dramatically depressed Cd-induced O2 (•-) , H2 O2 , and malondialdehyde accumulation, especially in the sensitive cultivar. Selenium significantly elevated Cd-depressed activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione-peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in the both cultivars after 7-d treatments. Meanwhile, Se counteracted Cd-induced alterations in certain nutrient elements; for example, it significantly increased Zn and Ca concentrations and reduced Mg concentration in both cultivars. Furthermore, Se significantly elevated Cd-depressed H(+) -K(+) -adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), Na(+) -K(+) -ATPase, and Ca(2+) -Mg(2+) -ATPase activities. The beneficial effect of Se under Cd stress may be related mainly to the increased ATPase activity and reduced Cd uptake and reactive oxygen species accumulation, thus reducing the negative consequences of oxidative stress caused by Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Liu
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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36
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Driedonks N, Xu J, Peters JL, Park S, Rieu I. Multi-Level Interactions Between Heat Shock Factors, Heat Shock Proteins, and the Redox System Regulate Acclimation to Heat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:999. [PMID: 26635827 PMCID: PMC4647109 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
High temperature has become a global concern because it seriously affects the growth and reproduction of plants. Exposure of plant cells to high temperatures result in cellular damage and can even lead to cell death. Part of the damage can be ascribed to the action of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which accumulate during abiotic stresses such as heat stress. ROS are toxic and can modify other biomacromolecules including membrane lipids, DNA, and proteins. In order to protect the cells, ROS scavenging is essential. In contrast with their inherent harms, ROS also function as signaling molecules, inducing stress tolerance mechanisms. This review examines the evidence for crosstalk between the classical heat stress response, which consists of heat shock factors (HSFs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs), with the ROS network at multiple levels in the heat response process. Heat stimulates HSF activity directly, but also indirectly via ROS. HSFs in turn stimulate the expression of HSP chaperones and also affect ROS scavenger gene expression. In the short term, HSFs repress expression of superoxide dismutase scavenger genes via induction of miRNA398, while they also activate scavenger gene expression and stabilize scavenger protein activity via HSP induction. We propose that these contrasting effects allow for the boosting of the heat stress response at the very onset of the stress, while preventing subsequent oxidative damage. The described model on HSFs, HSPs, ROS, and ROS scavenger interactions seems applicable to responses to stresses other than heat and may explain the phenomenon of crossacclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky Driedonks
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jiemeng Xu
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Janny L. Peters
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sunghun Park
- Department of Horticulture, Forestry and Recreation Resources, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Ivo Rieu
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Ivo Rieu,
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37
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Mallick S, Kumar N, Sinha S, Dubey AK, Tripathi RD, Srivastav V. H2O2 pretreated rice seedlings specifically reduces arsenate not arsenite: difference in nutrient uptake and antioxidant defense response in a contrasting pair of rice cultivars. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 20:435-47. [PMID: 25320467 PMCID: PMC4185047 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-014-0255-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The study investigated the reduction in metalloid uptake at equimolar concentrations (~53.3 μM) of As(III) and As(V) in contrasting pair of rice seedlings by pretreating with H2O2 (1.0 μM) and SA (1.0 mM). Results obtained from the contrasting pair (arsenic tolerant vs. sensitive) of rice seedlings (cv. Pant Dhan 11 and MTU 7029, respectively) shows that pretreatment of H2O2 and H2O2 + SA reduces As(V) uptake significantly in both the cultivars, while no reduction in the As(III) uptake. The higher growth inhibition, higher H2O2 and TBARS content in sensitive cultivar against As(III) and As(V) treatments along with higher As accumulation (~1.2 mg g(-1) dw) than in cv. P11, unravels the fundamental difference in the response between the sensitive and tolerant cultivar. In the H2O2 pretreated plants, the translocation of As increased in tolerant cultivar against AsIII, whereas, it decreased in sensitive cultivar both against AsIII and AsV. In both the cultivars translocation of Mn increased in the H2O2 pretreated plants against As(III), whereas, the translocation of Cu increased against As(V). In tolerant cultivar the translocation of Fe increased against As(V) with H2O2 pretreatment whereas, it decreased in the sensitive cultivar. In both the cultivars, Zn translocation increased against As(III) and decreased against As(V). The higher level of H2O2 and SOD (EC 1.15.1.1) activity in sensitive cultivar whereas, higher, APX (EC 1.11.1.11), GR (EC 1.6.4.2) and GST (EC 1.6.4.2) activity in tolerant cultivar, also demonstrated the differential anti-oxidative defence responses between the contrasting rice cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekhar Mallick
- />Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Navin Kumar
- />Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Sarita Sinha
- />Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Arvind Kumar Dubey
- />Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Rudra Deo Tripathi
- />Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Vivek Srivastav
- />Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
- />Technology Transfer and Business Development Division, CSIR-National Botanical Researcvh Institute, Lucknow, India
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38
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Saidi I, Chtourou Y, Djebali W. Selenium alleviates cadmium toxicity by preventing oxidative stress in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 171:85-91. [PMID: 24484961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2013.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the possible mediatory role of selenium (Se) in protecting plants from cadmium (Cd) toxicity. The exposure of sunflower seedlings to 20μM Cd inhibited biomass production, decreased chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations and strongly increased accumulation of Cd in both roots and shoots. Similarly, Cd enhanced hydrogen peroxides content and lipid peroxidation as indicated by malondialdehyde accumulation. Pre-soaking seeds with Se (5, 10 and 20μM) alleviated the negative effect of Cd on growth and led to a decrease in oxidative injuries caused by Cd. Furthermore, Se enhanced the activities of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase, but lowered that of superoxide dismutase and guaiacol peroxidase. As important antioxidants, ascorbate and glutathione contents in sunflower leaves exposed to Cd were significantly decreased by Se treatment. The data suggest that the beneficial effect of Se during an earlier growth period could be related to avoidance of cumulative damage upon exposure to Cd, thus reducing the negative consequences of oxidative stress caused by heavy metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issam Saidi
- Unité de recherche de Physiologie et Biochimie de la Réponse des Plantes aux Contraintes Abiotiques, Tunisia.
| | - Yacine Chtourou
- Unité de recherche de Physiologie et Biochimie de la Réponse des Plantes aux Contraintes Abiotiques, Tunisia
| | - Wahbi Djebali
- Unité de recherche de Physiologie et Biochimie de la Réponse des Plantes aux Contraintes Abiotiques, Tunisia
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39
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Xu D, Chen Z, Sun K, Yan D, Kang M, Zhao Y. Effect of cadmium on the physiological parameters and the subcellular cadmium localization in the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013; 97:147-53. [PMID: 23938042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The pollution of agricultural soils with cadmium (Cd) has become a serious problem worldwide. The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) was used to investigate how different concentrations of Cd (1, 5, and 25mgkg(-1)) affected the physiological parameters and the subcellular distribution of Cd in the potato. The analyses were conducted using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). The results suggest that the leaf is the organ with the highest accumulation of Cd. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased and the chlorophyll content decreased in response to high level of Cd. The SEM-EDX microanalysis revealed that Cd was primarily deposited in the spongy and palisade tissues of the leaf. Furthermore, Cd was also detected in the cortex and the adjacent phloem and was observed inside the intercellular space, the interior surface of the plasma membrane, and on the surface of the elliptical starch granules in the tubers of the potato. Although low concentrations of Cd migrated from the root to the tuber, the accumulation of Cd in the tuber exceeded the standard for food security. Therefore, the planting of potato plants in farmland containing Cd should be seriously evaluated because Cd-containing potatoes might present high health risk to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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40
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Chmielowska-Bąk J, Deckert J. A common response to common danger? Comparison of animal and plant signaling pathways involved in cadmium sensing. J Cell Commun Signal 2012; 6:191-204. [PMID: 22865263 PMCID: PMC3497896 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-012-0173-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to cadmium results in disturbances in cell homeostasis in all living organisms. The first response to stress factors, including cadmium, is activation of signal transduction pathways that mobilize cell defense mechanisms. The aim of this review is a comparison between the signaling network triggered by Cd in plants and animals. Despite differences in the structure and physiology of plant and animal cells, their cadmium signal transduction pathways share many common elements. These elements include signaling molecules such as ROS, Ca(2+) and NO, the involvement of phospholipase C, mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, and activation of transcription factors. Undoubtedly, both animals and plants also possess specific signaling pathways. In case of animals, Wnt/β-catenin, sonic hedgehog and oestorgen signaling are engaged in the transduction of cadmium signal. Plant specific signal transduction pathways include signaling mediated by plant hormones. The role of ethylene and jasmonic, salicylic and abscisic acid in plant response to cadmium is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagna Chmielowska-Bąk
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul.Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland,
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41
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Guan Q, Takano T, Liu S. Genetic transformation and analysis of rice OsAPx2 gene in Medicago sativa. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41233. [PMID: 22848448 PMCID: PMC3407167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The OsAPx2 gene from rice was cloned to produce PBI121::OsAPx2 dual-expression plants, of which expression level would be increasing under stressful conditions. The enzyme ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in the leaves and roots of the plants increased with increasing exposure time to different sodium chloride (NaCl) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))concentrations, as indicated by protein gel blot analysis. The increased enzyme yield improved the ability of the plants to resist the stress treatments. The OsAPx2 gene was localized in the cytoplasm of epidermal onion cells as indicated by the instantaneous expression of green fluorescence. An 80% regeneration rate was observed in Medicago sativa L. plants transformed with the OsAPx2 gene using Agrobacterium tumefaciens, as indicated by specific primer PCR. The OsAPx2 gene was expressed at the mRNA level and the individual M. sativa (T#1,T#2,T#5) were obtained through assaying the generation of positive T2 using RNA gel blot analysis. When the seeds of the wild type (WT) and the T2 (T#1,T#5) were incubated in culture containing MS with NaCl for 7 days, the results as shown of following: the root length of transgenic plant was longer than WT plants, the H(2)O(2) content in roots of WT was more than of transgenic plants, the APX activity under stresses increased by 2.89 times compared with the WT, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the WT was higher than the transgenic plants, the leaves of the WT turned yellow, but those of the transgenic plants remained green and remained healthy. The chlorophyll content in the WT leaves was less than in the transgenic plants, after soaking in solutions of H(2)O(2), sodium sulfite (Na(2)SO(3)), and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO(3)). Therefore, the OsAPx2 gene overexpression in transgenic M. sativa improves the removal of H(2)O(2) and the salt-resistance compared with WT plants. A novel strain of M. sativa carrying a salt-resistance gene was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjie Guan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field (SAVER), Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center (ASNESC), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Tetsuo Takano
- Asian Natural Environment Science Center (ANESC), The University of Tokyo, Nishitokyo City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shenkui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field (SAVER), Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center (ASNESC), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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Cho SC, Chao YY, Kao CH. Calcium deficiency increases Cd toxicity and Ca is required for heat-shock induced Cd tolerance in rice seedlings. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 169:892-898. [PMID: 22420996 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2012.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Revised: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
While growing in the field, plants may encounter several different forms of abiotic stress simultaneously, rather than a single stress. In this study, we investigated the effects of calcium (Ca) deficiency on cadmium (Cd) toxicity in rice seedlings. Calcium deficiency alone decreased the length, fresh and dry weight, and the Ca concentration in shoots and roots. Also, the content of glutathione (GSH), the ratio of GSH/oxidized glutathione, and the activity of catalase were lower in Ca-deficient leaves compared to control leaves. Exogenous Cd caused a decrease in the contents of chlorophyll and protein, and induced oxidative stress. Based on these stress indicators, we found that Ca deficiency enhanced Cd toxicity in rice seedlings. Under exogenous Cd application, internal Cd concentrations were higher in Ca-deficient shoots and roots than in the respective controls. Moreover, we observed that Ca deficiency decreased heat-shock (HS) induced expression of HS protein genes Oshsp17.3, Oshsp17.7, and Oshsp18.0 in leaves thereby weakening the protection system and increasing Cd stress. In conclusion, Ca deficiency enhances Cd toxicity, and Ca may be required for HS response in rice seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chueh Cho
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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