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Chen C, Wu XM, Pan L, Yang YT, Dai HB, Hua B, Miao MM, Zhang ZP. Effects of Exogenous α-Naphthaleneacetic Acid and 24-Epibrassinolide on Fruit Size and Assimilate Metabolism-Related Sugars and Enzyme Activities in Giant Pumpkin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13157. [PMID: 36361943 PMCID: PMC9656333 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Size is the most important quality attribute of giant pumpkin fruit. Different concentrations and application frequencies of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) were sprayed on the leaves and fruits of giant pumpkin at different growth stages to determine their effects and the mechanism responsible for fruit size increase. NAA+EBR application improved source strength, and further analysis indicated that NAA+EBR markedly boosted net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr) and the expression level and activity of galactitol synthetase (GolS), raffinose synthetase (RS), and stachyose synthetase (STS), resulting in an increase in the synthesis of photoassimilate, especially stachyose. Concomitantly, NAA+EBR spray increased stachyose and sucrose contents throughout pumpkin fruit growth and the concentrations of glucose and fructose at 0 and 20 days post-anthesis (DPA) in peduncle phloem sap, implying that such treatment improved the efficiency of assimilate transport from the peduncle to the fruit. Furthermore, it improved the expression and activity of alkaline α-galactosidase (AGA), facilitating assimilate unloading, providing carbon skeletons and energy for fruit growth, and increasing fruit weight by more than 44.1%. Therefore, exogenous NAA and EBR increased source capacity, transportation efficiency, and sink strength, overall promoting the synthesis and distribution of photoassimilate, ultimately increasing fruit size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xuan-Min Wu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Liu Pan
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ya-Ting Yang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hai-Bo Dai
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Bing Hua
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Min-Min Miao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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2
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Ge P, Wen L, Wang X, Zhang J, Xu G. Rapidly identify compounds from danshen by using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometer and predict its mechanisms of intervening thrombotic diseases. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2018.1511993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ge
- Department of laboratory, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Liujing Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of laboratory, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Jingya Zhang
- Department of laboratory, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Guojie Xu
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
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3
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CHAGAS KRISTHIANO, CIPRIANO JAMILEL, LOPES JOSÉCARLOS, SCHMILDT EDILSONR, OTONI WAGNERC, ALEXANDRE RODRIGOS. The effects of an osmoregulator, carbohydrates and polyol on maturation and germination of ‘Golden THB’ papaya somatic embryos. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2018; 90:3433-3447. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820171035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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4
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Gu H, Lu M, Zhang Z, Xu J, Cao W, Miao M. Metabolic process of raffinose family oligosaccharides during cold stress and recovery in cucumber leaves. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 224-225:112-120. [PMID: 29617631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) accumulate under stress conditions in many plants and have been suggested to act as stress protectants. To elucidate the metabolic process of RFOs under cold stress, levels of RFOs, and related carbohydrates, the expression and activities of main metabolic enzymes and their subcellular compartments were investigated during low-temperature treatment and during the recovery period in cucumber leaves. Cold stress induced the accumulation of stachyose in vacuoles, galactinol in vacuoles and cytosol, and sucrose and raffinose in vacuoles, cytosol, and chloroplasts. After cold stress removal, levels of these sugars decreased gradually in the respective compartments. Among four galactinol synthase genes (CsGS), CsGS1 was not affected by cold stress, while the other three CsGSs were up-regulated by low temperature. RNA levels of acid-α-galactosidase (GAL) 3 and alkaline-α-galactosidase (AGA) 2 and 3, and the activities of GAL and AGA, were up-regulated after cold stress removal. GAL3 protein and GAL activity were exclusively located in vacuoles, whereas AGA2 and AGA 3 proteins were found in cytosol and chloroplasts, respectively. The results indicate that RFOs, which accumulated during cold stress in different subcellular compartments in cucumber leaves, could be catabolized in situ by different galactosidases after stress removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gu
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education, School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Man Lu
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education, School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education, School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinjin Xu
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education, School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Cao
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education, School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Minmin Miao
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education, School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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5
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Jang JH, Shang Y, Kang HK, Kim SY, Kim BH, Nam KH. Arabidopsis galactinol synthases 1 (AtGOLS1) negatively regulates seed germination. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 267:94-101. [PMID: 29362103 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Seed germination begins the growth phases of plants and its rate is affected not only by plant hormones, including abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA) and brassinosteroids (BRs), but also by environmental factors. In this study, we searched for additional chemical reagents that affect seed germination, using the det2-1 and ga1-3 mutants that showed reduced seed germination due to defective BR- or GA- biosynthesis, respectively. We found that the reducing reagent dithiothreitol (DTT) specifically enhanced seed germination of det2-1 compared with that of ga1-3. To further investigate the underlying molecular mechanism for this phenomenon, we identified AtGOLS1 as a differentially expressed gene in germinating seeds treated with DTT by GeneFishing analysis. AtGOLS1 encodes a galactinol synthase, critical for the first step in raffinose family oligosaccharides synthesis during seed maturation. We observed that expression of AtGOLS1 decreased when conditions were favorable for seed germination. We also determined that the seed germination rate was faster in T-DNA knockout atgols1 mutant and transgenic plants transformed with an RNA interference construct targeting AtGOLS1 compared with wild type plants. The double mutant of det2-1 and atgols1 also suppressed the reduced seed germination of the det2-1. Taken together, our results suggest that AtGOLS1 acts as a negative regulator in seed germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Shang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kyung Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Beg Hab Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Hee Nam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Zhou Y, Liu Y, Wang S, Shi C, Zhang R, Rao J, Wang X, Gu X, Wang Y, Li D, Wei C. Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Galactinol Synthases in Camellia sinensis with Different Responses to Biotic and Abiotic Stressors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:2751-2759. [PMID: 28271712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Galactinol synthase (GolS) is a key biocatalyst for the synthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs). RFOs accumulation plays a critical role in abiotic stress adaptation, but the relationship between expression of GolS genes and biotic stress adaptation remains unclear. In this study, two CsGolS genes were found to be highly up-regulated in a transcriptome library of Ectropic oblique-attacked Camellia sinensis. Three complete CsGolS genes were then cloned and characterized. Gene transcriptional analyses under biotic and abiotic stress conditions indicated that the CsGolS1 gene was sensitive to water deficit, low temperature, and abscisic acid, while CsGolS2 and CsGolS3 genes were sensitive to pest attack and phytohormones. The gene regulation and RFOs determination results indicated that CsGolS1 was primarily related to abiotic stress and CsGolS2 and CsGolS3 were related to biotic stress. GolS-mediated biotic stress adaptations have not been studied in depth, so further analysis of this new biological function is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , 130 Changjiang Road West, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , 130 Changjiang Road West, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , 130 Changjiang Road West, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Cong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , 130 Changjiang Road West, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , 130 Changjiang Road West, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Jia Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , 130 Changjiang Road West, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Xu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , 130 Changjiang Road West, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Xungang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , 130 Changjiang Road West, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Yunsheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , 130 Changjiang Road West, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Daxiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , 130 Changjiang Road West, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Chaoling Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , 130 Changjiang Road West, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
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7
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Wei T, Deng K, Zhang Q, Gao Y, Liu Y, Yang M, Zhang L, Zheng X, Wang C, Liu Z, Chen C, Zhang Y. Modulating AtDREB1C Expression Improves Drought Tolerance in Salvia miltiorrhiza. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:52. [PMID: 28174590 PMCID: PMC5259653 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Dehydration responsive element binding proteins are transcription factors of the plant-specific AP2 family, many of which contribute to abiotic stress responses in several plant species. We investigated the possibility of increasing drought tolerance in the traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Salvia miltiorrhiza, through modulating the transcriptional regulation of AtDREB1C in transgenic plants under the control of a constitutive (35S) or drought-inducible (RD29A) promoter. AtDREB1C transgenic S. miltiorrhiza plants showed increased survival under severe drought conditions compared to the non-transgenic wild-type (WT) control. However, transgenic plants with constitutive overexpression of AtDREB1C showed considerable dwarfing relative to WT. Physiological tests suggested that the higher chlorophyll content, photosynthetic capacity, and superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activity in the transgenic plants enhanced plant drought stress resistance compared to WT. Transcriptome analysis of S. miltiorrhiza following drought stress identified a number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the AtDREB1C transgenic lines and WT. These DEGs are involved in photosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, ribosome, starch and sucrose metabolism, and other metabolic pathways. The modified pathways involved in plant hormone signaling are thought to be one of the main causes of the increased drought tolerance of AtDREB1C transgenic S. miltiorrhiza plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
| | - Kejun Deng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
| | - Qingxia Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Yonghong Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
| | - Meiling Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Lipeng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Xuelian Zheng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
| | - Chunguo Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Chengbin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai UniversityTianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Chengbin Chen, Yong Zhang,
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Chengbin Chen, Yong Zhang,
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8
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Function Analysis of Caffeoyl-CoA O-Methyltransferase for Biosynthesis of Lignin and Phenolic Acid in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 181:562-572. [PMID: 27613617 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2231-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we cloned a full-length cDNA and the genomic DNA sequence of SmCCoAOMT (GenBank ID JQ007585) from Salvia miltiorrhiza. The 744-bp open-reading frame encodes a protein of 247 amino acids that shares 95 % similarity with one in Vitis vinifera. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that SmCCoAOMT is most highly expressed in the stems and can be induced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and XC-1 treatment. To evaluate its function in vivo, we generated RNA interference transgenic plants through Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer. Compared with untransformed control plants, the transgenics had significantly less lignin and the expression of lignin-biosynthetic genes SmCCR and SmCOMT was depressed. In 90-day-old roots from plants of transgenic line M5, accumulations of rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B (Sal B) were greatly reduced by 0.89- and 0.69-fold, respectively. This low-Sal B phenotype was stable in the roots, with the level of accumulation being approximately 43.58 mg g-1 dry weight, which was 52 % of the amount measured in the untransformed control. Our results suggest that SmCCoAOMT is involved in lignin biosynthesis and affects the accumulation of phenolic acids. This study also provides potential guidance for using lignin-related genes to genetically engineer Salvia miltiorrhiza.
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Hao J, Gu F, Zhu J, Lu S, Liu Y, Li Y, Chen W, Wang L, Fan S, Xian CJ. Low Night Temperature Affects the Phloem Ultrastructure of Lateral Branches and Raffinose Family Oligosaccharide (RFO) Accumulation in RFO-Transporting Plant Melon (Cucumismelo L.) during Fruit Expansion. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160909. [PMID: 27501301 PMCID: PMC4976869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the importance and complexity of photo assimilate transport in raffinose family oligosaccharide (RFO)-transporting plants such as melon, it is important to study the features of the transport structure (phloem) particularly of the lateral branches connecting the source leaves and the sink fruits, and its responses to environmental challenges. Currently, it is unclear to what extents the cold environmental temperature stress would alter the phloem ultrastructure and RFO accumulation in RFO-transporting plants. In this study, we firstly utilized electron microscopy to investigate the changes in the phloem ultrastructure of lateral branches and RFO accumulation in melons after being subjected to low night temperatures (12°C and 9°C). The results demonstrated that exposure to 9°C and 12°C altered the ultrastructure of the phloem, with the effect of 9°C being more obvious. The most obvious change was the appearance of plasma membrane invaginations in 99% companion cells and intermediary cells. In addition, phloem parenchyma cells contained chloroplasts with increased amounts of starch grains, sparse cytoplasm and reduced numbers of mitochondria. In the intermediary cells, the volume of cytoplasm was reduced by 50%, and the central vacuole was present. Moreover, the treatment at 9°C during the night led to RFO accumulation in the vascular bundles of the lateral branches and fruit carpopodiums. These ultrastructural changes of the transport structure (phloem) following the treatment at 9°C represented adaptive responses of melons to low temperature stresses. Future studies are required to examine whether these responses may affect phloem transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghong Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technique in Agricultural Application, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Fengying Gu
- Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shaowei Lu
- Institute of Protected Horticulture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Centre, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Weizhi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, Australia
| | - Shuangxi Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technique in Agricultural Application, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Cory J. Xian
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, Australia
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10
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Wei T, Deng K, Liu D, Gao Y, Liu Y, Yang M, Zhang L, Zheng X, Wang C, Song W, Chen C, Zhang Y. Ectopic Expression of DREB Transcription Factor, AtDREB1A, Confers Tolerance to Drought in Transgenic Salvia miltiorrhiza. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 57:1593-609. [PMID: 27485523 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Drought decreases crop productivity more than any other type of environmental stress. Transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles in regulating plant abiotic stress responses. The Arabidopsis thaliana gene DREB1A/CBF3, encoding a stress-inducible TF, was introduced into Salvia miltiorrhiza Ectopic expression of AtDREB1A resulted in increased drought tolerance, and transgenic lines had higher relative water content and Chl content, and exhibited an increased photosynthetic rate when subjected to drought stress. AtDREB1A transgenic plants generally displayed lower malondialdehyde (MDA), but higher superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities under drought stress. In particular, plants with ectopic AtDREB1A expression under the control of the stress-induced RD29A promoter exhibited more tolerance to drought compared with p35S::AtDREB1A transgenic plants, without growth inhibition or phenotypic aberrations. Differential gene expression profiling of wild-type and pRD29A::AtDREB1A transgenic plants following drought stress revealed that the expression levels of various genes associated with the stress response, photosynthesis, signaling, carbohydrate metabolism and protein protection were substantially higher in transgenic plants. In addition, the amount of salvianolic acids and tanshinones was significantly elevated in AtDREB1A transgenic S. miltiorrhiza roots, and most of the genes in the related biosynthetic pathways were up-regulated. Together, these results demonstrated that inducing the expression of a TF can effectively regulate multiple genes in the stress response pathways and significantly improve the resistance of plants to abiotic stresses. Our results also suggest that genetic manipulation of a TF can improve production of valuable secondary metabolites by regulating genes in associated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Kejun Deng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Dongqing Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Yonghong Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Meiling Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Lipeng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Xuelian Zheng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Chunguo Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Wenqin Song
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Chengbin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
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11
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Wei T, Deng K, Gao Y, Liu Y, Yang M, Zhang L, Zheng X, Wang C, Song W, Chen C, Zhang Y. Arabidopsis DREB1B in transgenic Salvia miltiorrhiza increased tolerance to drought stress without stunting growth. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 104:17-28. [PMID: 27002402 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Multiple stress response genes are controlled by transcription factors in a coordinated manner; therefore, these factors can be used for molecular plant breeding. CBF1/DREB1B, a known stress-inducible gene, was isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana and introduced into Salvia miltiorrhiza under the control of the CaMV35S or RD29A promoter. Under drought stress, relative water content, chlorophyll content, and the net photosynthetic rate were observed to be higher in the transgenic lines than in the wild type (WT). Moreover, O2(-) and H2O2 accumulation was observed to be lower in the transgenic lines. Additional analyses revealed that the AtDREB1B transgenic plants generally displayed lesser malondialdehyde (MDA) but higher superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) activities than the WT under drought stress. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction of a subset of genes involved in photosynthesis, stress response, carbohydrate metabolism, and cell protection further verified that AtDREB1B could enhance tolerance to drought by activating different downstream DREB/CBF genes in the transgenic plants. Furthermore, no growth inhibition was detected in transgenic S. miltiorrhiza plants that expressed AtDREB1B driven by either the constitutive CaMV35S promoter or the stress-inducible RD29A promoter. Together, these results suggest that AtDREB1B is a good candidate gene for increasing drought tolerance in transgenic S. miltiorrhiza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China; School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Kejun Deng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Yonghong Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Meiling Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Lipeng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Xuelian Zheng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Chunguo Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Wenqin Song
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Chengbin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China.
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12
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Filiz E, Ozyigit II, Vatansever R. Genome-wide identification of galactinol synthase (GolS) genes in Solanum lycopersicum and Brachypodium distachyon. Comput Biol Chem 2015; 58:149-57. [PMID: 26232767 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
GolS genes stand as potential candidate genes for molecular breeding and/or engineering programs in order for improving abiotic stress tolerance in plant species. In this study, a total of six galactinol synthase (GolS) genes/proteins were retrieved for Solanum lycopersicum and Brachypodium distachyon. GolS protein sequences were identified to include glyco_transf_8 (PF01501) domain structure, and to have a close molecular weight (36.40-39.59kDa) and amino acid length (318-347 aa) with a slightly acidic pI (5.35-6.40). The sub-cellular location was mainly predicted as cytoplasmic. S. lycopersicum genes located on chr 1 and 2, and included one segmental duplication while genes of B. distachyon were only on chr 1 with one tandem duplication. GolS sequences were found to have well conserved motif structures. Cis-acting analysis was performed for three abiotic stress responsive elements, including ABA responsive element (ABRE), dehydration and cold responsive elements (DRE/CRT) and low-temperature responsive element (LTRE). ABRE elements were found in all GolS genes, except for SlGolS4; DRE/CRT was not detected in any GolS genes and LTRE element found in SlGolS1 and BdGolS1 genes. AU analysis in UTR and ORF regions indicated that SlGolS and BdGolS mRNAs may have a short half-life. SlGolS3 and SlGolS4 genes may generate more stable transcripts since they included AATTAAA motif for polyadenylation signal POLASIG2. Seconder structures of SlGolS proteins were well conserved than that of BdGolS. Some structural divergences were detected in 3D structures and predicted binding sites exhibited various patterns in GolS proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ertugrul Filiz
- Duzce University, Department of Crop and Animal Production, Cilimli Vocational School, 81750 Cilimli, Duzce, Turkey.
| | - Ibrahim Ilker Ozyigit
- Marmara University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, 34722 Goztepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Recep Vatansever
- Marmara University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, 34722 Goztepe, Istanbul, Turkey
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13
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Santos TBD, de Lima RB, Nagashima GT, Petkowicz CLDO, Carpentieri-Pípolo V, Pereira LFP, Domingues DS, Vieira LGE. Galactinol synthase transcriptional profile in two genotypes of Coffea canephora with contrasting tolerance to drought. Genet Mol Biol 2015; 38:182-90. [PMID: 26273221 PMCID: PMC4530651 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-475738220140171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased synthesis of galactinol and raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) has been reported in vegetative tissues in response to a range of abiotic stresses. In this work, we evaluated the transcriptional profile of a Coffea canephora galactinol synthase gene (CcGolS1) in two clones that differed in tolerance to water deficit in order to assess the contribution of this gene to drought tolerance. The expression of CcGolS1 in leaves was differentially regulated by water deficit, depending on the intensity of stress and the genotype. In clone 109A (drought-susceptible), the abundance of CcGolS1 transcripts decreased upon exposure to drought, reaching minimum values during recovery from severe water deficit and stress. In contrast, CcGolS1 gene expression in clone 14 (drought-tolerant) was stimulated by water deficit. Changes in galactinol and RFO content did not correlate with variation in the steady-state transcript level. However, the magnitude of increase in RFO accumulation was higher in the tolerant cultivar, mainly under severe water deficit. The finding that the drought-tolerant coffee clone showed enhanced accumulation of CcGolS1 transcripts and RFOs under water deficit suggests the possibility of using this gene to improve drought tolerance in this important crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Benedito Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Instituto Agronômico do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brazil ; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Rogério Barbosa de Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Luiz Filipe Protasio Pereira
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Instituto Agronômico do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brazil ; Embrapa Café, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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14
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Wu Y, Liu C, Kuang J, Ge Q, Zhang Y, Wang Z. Overexpression of SmLEA enhances salt and drought tolerance in Escherichia coli and Salvia miltiorrhiza. PROTOPLASMA 2014; 251:1191-9. [PMID: 24595620 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-014-0626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Salinity and drought are important abiotic stresses limiting plant growth and development. Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are a group of proteins associated with tolerance to water-related stress. We previously cloned an LEA gene, SmLEA, from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that SmLEA belongs to Group LEA14, which is involved in the dehydration response. To determine its function in detail, we have now overexpressed SmLEA in Escherichia coli and S. miltiorrhiza. The logarithmic increase in accumulations of SmLEA proteins in E. coli occurred earlier under salinity than under standard conditions. SmLEA-transformed S. miltiorrhiza plants also showed faster root elongation and a lower malondialdehyde concentration than the empty vector control plants did when cultured on MS media supplemented with 60 mM NaCl or 150 mM mannitol. Moreover, SmLEA-overexpressing transgenics experienced a less rapid rate of water loss. Under either salinity or drought, overexpressing plants had greater superoxide dismutase activity and a higher glutathione concentration. These results suggest that SmLEA may be useful in efforts to improve drought and salinity tolerance in S. miltiorrhiza. Our data also provide a good foundation for further studies into the stress resistance mechanism and molecular breeding of this valuable medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drug in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, People's Republic of China
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15
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Lahuta LB, Pluskota WE, Stelmaszewska J, Szablińska J. Dehydration induces expression of GALACTINOL SYNTHASE and RAFFINOSE SYNTHASE in seedlings of pea (Pisum sativum L.). JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 171:1306-14. [PMID: 25014266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The exposition of 7-day-old pea seedlings to dehydration induced sudden changes in the concentration of monosaccharides and sucrose in epicotyl and roots tissues. During 24h of dehydration, the concentration of glucose and, to a lesser extent, fructose in seedling tissues decreased. The accumulation of sucrose was observed in roots after 4h and in epicotyls after 8h of stress. Epicotyls and roots also began to accumulate galactinol and raffinose after 8h of stress, when small changes in the water content of tissues occurred. The accumulation of galactinol and raffinose progressed parallel to water withdrawal from tissues, but after seedling rehydration both galactosides disappeared. The synthesis of galactinol and raffinose by an early induction (during the first hour of treatment) of galactinol synthase (PsGolS) and raffinose synthase (PsRS) gene expression as well as a later increase in the activity of both enzymes was noted. Signals possibly triggering the induction of PsGolS and PsRS gene expression and accumulation of galactinol and raffinose in seedlings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesław B Lahuta
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, ul. Oczapowskiego 1A/103, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Wioletta E Pluskota
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, ul. Oczapowskiego 1A/103, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Stelmaszewska
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, ul. Oczapowskiego 1A/103, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Szablińska
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, ul. Oczapowskiego 1A/103, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
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16
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Zhou J, Yang Y, Yu J, Wang L, Yu X, Ohtani M, Kusano M, Saito K, Demura T, Zhuge Q. Responses of Populus trichocarpa galactinol synthase genes to abiotic stresses. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2014; 127:347-58. [PMID: 24190064 PMCID: PMC3932401 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-013-0597-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Galactinol synthase (GolS; EC 2.4.1.123) is a member of the glycosyltransferase eight family that catalyzes the first step in the biosynthesis pathway of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs). The accumulation of RFOs in response to abiotic stress indicates a role for RFOs in stress adaptation. To obtain information on the roles of RFOs in abiotic stress adaptation in trees, we investigated the expression patterns of nine Populus trichocarpa GolS (PtrGolS) genes with special reference to stress responses. PtrGolS genes were differentially expressed in different organs, and the expressions of PtrGolS4 and PtrGolS6 were relatively high in all tested organs. The expression levels of all PtrGolS genes, except PtrGolS9, changed in response to abiotic stress in gene- and stress-type-specific manners. Moreover, short- and long-term stress treatments revealed that induction of PtrGolS by salt stress is obvious only in the early period of treatment (within 24 h), whereas water-deficit stress treatments continued to upregulate PtrGolS gene expression after two days of treatment, in addition to induction within 24 h of treatment. Consistent with these expression patterns, the galactinol content in leaves increased after four days of drought stress, but not under salt stress. Our findings suggest divergent roles for PtrGolS genes in abiotic stress responses in poplars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Juan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Like Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Xiang Yu
- RIKEN Biomass Engineering Program, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Misato Ohtani
- RIKEN Biomass Engineering Program, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Miyako Kusano
- RIKEN Plant Science Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Kazuki Saito
- RIKEN Plant Science Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Taku Demura
- RIKEN Biomass Engineering Program, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Qiang Zhuge
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
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