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Nowroz F, Hasanuzzaman M, Siddika A, Parvin K, Caparros PG, Nahar K, Prasad PV. Elevated tropospheric ozone and crop production: potential negative effects and plant defense mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1244515. [PMID: 38264020 PMCID: PMC10803661 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1244515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) levels on Earth are increasing because of anthropogenic activities and natural processes. Ozone enters plants through the leaves, leading to the overgeneration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the mesophyll and guard cell walls. ROS can damage chloroplast ultrastructure and block photosynthetic electron transport. Ozone can lead to stomatal closure and alter stomatal conductance, thereby hindering carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation. Ozone-induced leaf chlorosis is common. All of these factors lead to a reduction in photosynthesis under O3 stress. Long-term exposure to high concentrations of O3 disrupts plant physiological processes, including water and nutrient uptake, respiration, and translocation of assimilates and metabolites. As a result, plant growth and reproductive performance are negatively affected. Thus, reduction in crop yield and deterioration of crop quality are the greatest effects of O3 stress on plants. Increased rates of hydrogen peroxide accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and ion leakage are the common indicators of oxidative damage in plants exposed to O3 stress. Ozone disrupts the antioxidant defense system of plants by disturbing enzymatic activity and non-enzymatic antioxidant content. Improving photosynthetic pathways, various physiological processes, antioxidant defense, and phytohormone regulation, which can be achieved through various approaches, have been reported as vital strategies for improving O3 stress tolerance in plants. In plants, O3 stress can be mitigated in several ways. However, improvements in crop management practices, CO2 fertilization, using chemical elicitors, nutrient management, and the selection of tolerant crop varieties have been documented to mitigate O3 stress in different plant species. In this review, the responses of O3-exposed plants are summarized, and different mitigation strategies to decrease O3 stress-induced damage and crop losses are discussed. Further research should be conducted to determine methods to mitigate crop loss, enhance plant antioxidant defenses, modify physiological characteristics, and apply protectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Nowroz
- Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ayesha Siddika
- Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Khursheda Parvin
- Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Pedro Garcia Caparros
- Agronomy Department of Superior School Engineering, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - P.V. Vara Prasad
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
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Hasenstein KH, John SP, Vandenbrink JP. Assessing Radish Health during Space Cultivation by Gene Transcription. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3458. [PMID: 37836197 PMCID: PMC10574649 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
During the Advanced Plant Habitat experiment 2, radish plants were grown in two successive grow-outs on the International Space Station (ISS) for 27 days each. On days 10, 18, and 24, leaf punch (LP) samples were collected and frozen. At harvest, bulb tissue was sampled with oligo-dT functionalized Solid Phase Gene Extraction (SPGE) probes. The space samples were compared with samples from ground controls (GC) grown at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) under the same conditions as on the ISS, with notably elevated CO2 (about 2500 ppm), and from lab plants grown under atmospheric CO2 but with light and temperature conditions similar to the KSC control. Genes corresponding to peroxidase (RPP), glucosinolate biosynthesis (GIS), protein binding (CBP), myrosinase (RMA), napin (RSN), and ubiquitin (UBQ) were measured by qPCR. LP from day 24 and bulb samples collected at harvest were compared with RNA-seq data from material that was harvested, frozen, and analyzed after return to Earth. The results showed stable transcription in LP samples in GC but decreasing values in ISS samples during both grow-outs, possibly indicative of stress. SPGE results were similar between GC and ISS samples. However, the RNA-seq analyses showed different transcription profiles than SPGE or LP results, possibly related to localized sampling. RNA-seq of leaf samples showed greater variety than LP data, possibly because of different sampling times. RSN and RPP showed the lowest transcription regardless of method. Temporal analyses showed relatively small changes during plant development in space and in ground controls. This is the first study that compares developmental changes in space-grown plants with ground controls based on a comparison between RNA-seq and qPCR analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl H. Hasenstein
- Biology Department, University of Louisiana Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA;
| | - Susan P. John
- Biology Department, University of Louisiana Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA;
| | - Joshua P. Vandenbrink
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71272, USA;
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Duarte-Sierra A, Forney CF, Thomas M, Angers P, Arul J. Phytochemical Enhancement in Broccoli Florets after Harvest by Controlled Doses of Ozone. Foods 2022; 11:foods11152195. [PMID: 35892781 PMCID: PMC9329930 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work was to examine the effect of controlled doses of O3 (0, 5 µL L−1 of O3 for 60 min, and 5 µL L−1 of O3 for 720 min) on the quality and phytochemical content of broccoli florets during postharvest storage. The optimal dose was found at 5 µL L−1 of O3 for 60 min, from the color retention of broccoli florets exposed to the gas treatment. Overall, the antioxidant capacity of the florets was significantly affected by both doses of O3 compared to the non-exposed florets. The profile of glucosinolates was determined for up to 14 days in broccoli florets stored at 4 °C by LC-MS. The amount of total glucobrassicins and total hydroxy-cinnamates in florets significantly (p ≤ 0.05) improved by the application of 5 µL L−1 of O3 for 60 min compared to non-treated florets. The up-regulation of genes of the tryptophan-derived glucosinolate pathway was observed immediately after both treatments. The gene expression of CYP79A2 and CYP79B3 in broccoli was significantly higher in broccoli florets exposed to 5 µL L−1 of O3 for 720 min compared to non-exposed florets. Although enhancement of secondary metabolites can be achieved by the fumigation of broccoli florets with low doses of ozone, quality parameters, particularly weight loss, can be compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Duarte-Sierra
- Food Science Department, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.T.); (P.A.); (J.A.)
- Institute on Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Center for Research in Plant Innovation (CRIV), Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Charles F. Forney
- Kentville Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 32 Main Street, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada;
| | - Minty Thomas
- Food Science Department, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.T.); (P.A.); (J.A.)
| | - Paul Angers
- Food Science Department, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.T.); (P.A.); (J.A.)
- Institute on Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Joseph Arul
- Food Science Department, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.T.); (P.A.); (J.A.)
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Skoczowski A, Oliwa J, Stawoska I, Rys M, Kocurek M, Czyczyło-Mysza I. The Spectral Compositions of Light Changes Physiological Response of Chinese Cabbage to Elevated Ozone Concentration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062941. [PMID: 35328361 PMCID: PMC8955156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of ozone combined with other environmental factors remain an important topic of the research, both in connection with climate change and the possibility of using modern solutions in horticulture. In our experiment, we compared the influence of ozone (100 ppb) on photosynthesis and changes in the pigment composition of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) leaves depending on the spectral composition of light. We used white LED light (WL), a combination of red + green + blue (RGBL) with a dominant red component and white +blue (WBL) with a dominant blue component in comparison with the classic sodium lamp lighting (yellow light—YL). The values of the parameters describing the light-dependent phase of photosynthesis and the parameters of the gas exchange, as well as non-photosynthesis pigment contents, show that the spectral composition strongly differentiates the response of Chinese cabbage leaves to ozone. In general, the efficiency of photochemical reactions was the highest in YL, but after O3 fumigation, it decreased. In plants growing in WL and WBL, the increase of O3 concentration stimulated light photosynthesis reactions and led to the enhancement of transpiration, stomatal conductance and intracellular CO2 concentration. Changes in photosynthetic activity were accompanied by an increase in the content of anthocyanins and flavonols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Skoczowski
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Kraków, Poland; (A.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Jakub Oliwa
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Kraków, Poland; (A.S.); (I.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Iwona Stawoska
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Kraków, Poland; (A.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Magdalena Rys
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (M.R.); (I.C.-M.)
| | - Maciej Kocurek
- Institute of Biology, The Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Ilona Czyczyło-Mysza
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (M.R.); (I.C.-M.)
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Kask K, Kaurilind E, Talts E, Kännaste A, Niinemets Ü. Combined Acute Ozone and Water Stress Alters the Quantitative Relationships between O 3 Uptake, Photosynthetic Characteristics and Volatile Emissions in Brassica nigra. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113114. [PMID: 34070994 PMCID: PMC8197083 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ozone (O3) entry into plant leaves depends on atmospheric O3 concentration, exposure time and openness of stomata. O3 negatively impacts photosynthesis rate (A) and might induce the release of reactive volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can quench O3, and thereby partly ameliorate O3 stress. Water stress reduces stomatal conductance (gs) and O3 uptake and can affect VOC release and O3 quenching by VOC, but the interactive effects of O3 exposure and water stress, as possibly mediated by VOC, are poorly understood. Well-watered (WW) and water-stressed (WS) Brassica nigra plants were exposed to 250 and 550 ppb O3 for 1 h, and O3 uptake rates, photosynthetic characteristics and VOC emissions were measured through 22 h recovery. The highest O3 uptake was observed in WW plants exposed to 550 ppb O3 with the greatest reduction and poorest recovery of gs and A, and elicitation of lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway volatiles 10 min-1.5 h after exposure indicating cellular damage. Ozone uptake was similar in 250 ppb WW and 550 ppb WS plants and, in both treatments, O3-dependent reduction in photosynthetic characteristics was moderate and fully reversible, and VOC emissions were little affected. Water stress alone did not affect the total amount and composition of VOC emissions. The results indicate that drought ameliorated O3 stress by reducing O3 uptake through stomatal closure and the two stresses operated in an antagonistic manner in B. nigra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaia Kask
- Chair of Crop Science and Plant Biology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (E.K.); (E.T.); (A.K.); (Ü.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Eve Kaurilind
- Chair of Crop Science and Plant Biology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (E.K.); (E.T.); (A.K.); (Ü.N.)
| | - Eero Talts
- Chair of Crop Science and Plant Biology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (E.K.); (E.T.); (A.K.); (Ü.N.)
| | - Astrid Kännaste
- Chair of Crop Science and Plant Biology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (E.K.); (E.T.); (A.K.); (Ü.N.)
| | - Ülo Niinemets
- Chair of Crop Science and Plant Biology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (E.K.); (E.T.); (A.K.); (Ü.N.)
- Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, 10130 Tallinn, Estonia
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Khaling E, Agyei T, Jokinen S, Holopainen JK, Blande JD. The phytotoxic air-pollutant O 3 enhances the emission of herbivore-induced volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and affects the susceptibility of black mustard plants to pest attack. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:115030. [PMID: 32806411 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Stress-induced changes to plant biochemistry and physiology can influence plant nutritional quality and subsequent interactions with herbivorous pests. However, the effects of stress combinations are unpredictable and differ to the effects of individual stressors. Here we studied the effects of exposure to the phytotoxic air-pollutant ozone (O3), feeding by larvae of the large cabbage white butterfly (Pieris brassicae), and a combination of the two stresses, on the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by black mustard plants (Brassica nigra) under field and laboratory conditions. Field-grown B. nigra plants were also measured for carbon-nitrogen (C-N) content, net photosynthetic activity (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs) and biomass. The effects of O3 on interactions between plants and a herbivorous pest were addressed by monitoring the abundance of wild diamondback moth larvae (Plutella xylostella) and feeding-damage to B. nigra plants in an O3-free air concentration enrichment (O3-FACE) field site. Herbivore-feeding induced the emission of VOCs that were not emitted by undamaged plants, both under field and laboratory conditions. The combination of O3 and herbivore-feeding stresses resulted in enhanced emission rates of several VOCs from field-grown plants. Short-term O3 exposure (of 10 days) and P. brassicae-feeding did not affect C-N content, but chronic O3 exposure (of 34 and 47 days) and P. brassicae-feeding exacerbated suppression of Pn. Ozone exposure also caused visible injury and decreased the plant biomass. Field-grown B. nigra under elevated O3 were infested with fewer P. xylostella larvae and received significantly less feeding damage. Our results suggest that plants growing in a moderately polluted environment may be of reduced quality and less attractive to foraging herbivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliezer Khaling
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Thomas Agyei
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Simo Jokinen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jarmo K Holopainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - James D Blande
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland
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Maina S, Misinzo G, Bakari G, Kim HY. Human, Animal and Plant Health Benefits of Glucosinolates and Strategies for Enhanced Bioactivity: A Systematic Review. Molecules 2020; 25:E3682. [PMID: 32806771 PMCID: PMC7464879 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSs) are common anionic plant secondary metabolites in the order Brassicales. Together with glucosinolate hydrolysis products (GSHPs), they have recently gained much attention due to their biological activities and mechanisms of action. We review herein the health benefits of GSs/GSHPs, approaches to improve the plant contents, their bioavailability and bioactivity. In this review, only literature published between 2010 and March 2020 was retrieved from various scientific databases. Findings indicate that these compounds (natural, pure, synthetic, and derivatives) play an important role in human/animal health (disease therapy and prevention), plant health (defense chemicals, biofumigants/biocides), and food industries (preservatives). Overall, much interest is focused on in vitro studies as anti-cancer and antimicrobial agents. GS/GSHP levels improvement in plants utilizes mostly biotic/abiotic stresses and short periods of phytohormone application. Their availability and bioactivity are directly proportional to their contents at the source, which is affected by methods of food preparation, processing, and extraction. This review concludes that, to a greater extent, there is a need to explore and improve GS-rich sources, which should be emphasized to obtain natural bioactive compounds/active ingredients that can be included among synthetic and commercial products for use in maintaining and promoting health. Furthermore, the development of advanced research on compounds pharmacokinetics, their molecular mode of action, genetics based on biosynthesis, their uses in promoting the health of living organisms is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Maina
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, Gangwon 25451, Korea;
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania; (G.M.); (G.B.)
- SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania
| | - Gerald Misinzo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania; (G.M.); (G.B.)
- SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania
| | - Gaymary Bakari
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania; (G.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Ho-Youn Kim
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, Gangwon 25451, Korea;
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Pawłowska B, Feder-Kubis J, Telesiński A, Biczak R. Biochemical Responses of Wheat Seedlings on the Introduction of Selected Chiral Ionic Liquids to the Soils. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:3086-3095. [PMID: 30802050 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, new chiral ionic liquids (CILs) were obtained from the natural-origin material (1 R,2 S,5 R)-(-)-menthol. The physicochemical characteristics of the studied imidazolium salts were investigated. The obtained 3-ethyl-1-[(1 R,2 S,5 R)-(-)-menthoxy-methyl]imidazolium salts are nonvolatile, nonflammable, and stable in air, in contact with water, and in commonly used organic solvents. The influences of the obtained chiral salts on physiological and biochemical parameters were determined for wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. Both salts led to changes in plant metabolism, which resulted in decreased assimilation pigments, decreased fresh weight, and increased dry weight and proline in wheat seedlings. Moreover, the growth of the above-ground parts and roots was inhibited. Additionally, there was a drop in the potential and germination capacity of wheat seeds after using the highest concentrations of the ionic liquids. The salts caused oxidative stress in wheat seedlings, which was demonstrated by increased malondialdehyde content. In response, the plants engaged their defensive system against free oxygen radicals, which resulted in increased catalase and peroxidase activity and decreased H2O2 levels in the plants. There were no changes in the activity of superoxide dismutase. All of the changes observed in the levels of determined biomarkers of oxidative stress in the plants were linearly correlated with the increase in the concentrations of the chiral ionic liquids in the soil. The salt with hexafluorphosphate anion exhibited slightly higher toxicity toward wheat seedlings than the other salt. The CILs led to premature aging of plants, which was demonstrated by the increase in peroxidase activity and a decrease of chlorophyll in the seedlings. The experiment also showed good correlation between the increase in peroxidase activity and the decrease in chlorophyll level, which proves that the decrease in chlorophyll content resulted from not only the increase in CILs concentration in the soil but also the increased POD activity, which leads to the damage of chlorophyll particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pawłowska
- The Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences , Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa , 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av. , 42-200 Częstochowa , Poland
| | - Joanna Feder-Kubis
- Faculty of Chemistry , Wrocław University of Science and Technology , Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 , 50-370 Wrocław , Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- The Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture , West Pomeranian University of Technology , Juliusza Słowackiego st. 17 , 71-434 Szczecin , Poland
| | - Robert Biczak
- The Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences , Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa , 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av. , 42-200 Częstochowa , Poland
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Agathokleous E, Belz RG, Calatayud V, De Marco A, Hoshika Y, Kitao M, Saitanis CJ, Sicard P, Paoletti E, Calabrese EJ. Predicting the effect of ozone on vegetation via linear non-threshold (LNT), threshold and hormetic dose-response models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 649:61-74. [PMID: 30172135 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The nature of the dose-response relationship in the low dose zone and how this concept may be used by regulatory agencies for science-based policy guidance and risk assessment practices are addressed here by using the effects of surface ozone (O3) on plants as a key example for dynamic ecosystems sustainability. This paper evaluates the current use of the linear non-threshold (LNT) dose-response model for O3. The LNT model has been typically applied in limited field studies which measured damage from high exposures, and used to estimate responses to lower concentrations. This risk assessment strategy ignores the possibility of biological acclimation to low doses of stressor agents. The upregulation of adaptive responses by low O3 concentrations typically yields pleiotropic responses, with some induced endpoints displaying hormetic-like biphasic dose-response relationships. Such observations recognize the need for risk assessment flexibility depending upon the endpoints measured, background responses, as well as possible dose-time compensatory responses. Regulatory modeling strategies would be significantly improved by the adoption of the hormetic dose response as a formal/routine risk assessment option based on its substantial support within the literature, capacity to describe the entire dose-response continuum, documented explanatory dose-dependent mechanisms, and flexibility to default to a threshold feature when background responses preclude application of biphasic dose responses. CAPSULE The processes of ozone hazard and risk assessment can be enhanced by incorporating hormesis into their principles and practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenios Agathokleous
- Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Forest Research and Management Organization, 7 Hitsujigaoka, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8516, Japan; Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
| | - Regina G Belz
- University of Hohenheim, Agroecology Unit, Hans-Ruthenberg Institute, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Vicent Calatayud
- Instituto Universitario CEAM-UMH, Charles R. Darwin 14, Parc Tecnològic, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Alessandra De Marco
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and the Environment (ENEA), C.R. Casaccia, S. Maria di Galeria, Rome 00123, Italy.
| | - Yasutomo Hoshika
- National Council of Research, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy.
| | - Mitsutoshi Kitao
- Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Forest Research and Management Organization, 7 Hitsujigaoka, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8516, Japan.
| | - Costas J Saitanis
- Lab of Ecology and Environmental Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece.
| | - Pierre Sicard
- ARGANS, 260 route du Pin Montard, BP 234, Sophia Antipolis Cedex 06904, France.
| | - Elena Paoletti
- National Council of Research, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy.
| | - Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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Lee EJ, Khan MSI, Shim J, Kim YJ. Roles of oxides of nitrogen on quality enhancement of soybean sprout during hydroponic production using plasma discharged water recycling technology. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16872. [PMID: 30443039 PMCID: PMC6237935 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35385-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to assess the effect of plasma-discharged water recycling technology as irrigation water on soybean sprout production. Two different types of irrigation water were used individually for cultivation, including plasma discharged water as a source of oxides of nitrogen and tap water, irrigation water was recycled for every 30 minutes. Plasma discharged irrigation water reduced overall 4.3 log CFU/ml aerobic microbe and 7.0 log CFU/ml of artificially inoculated S. Typhimurium within 5 minutes and 2 minutes, respectively, therefore sprout production occurs in a hygienic environment. Using of plasma-discharged water for cultivation, increases the amount of ascorbate, asparagine, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) significantly (p < 0.05), in the part of cotyledon and hypocotyl of soybean sprout during 1 to 4 days of farming. A NO scavenger, 2-(4-carboxy-phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxy-3-oxide (cPTIO), was added in irrigation water to elucidate the roles of the oxides of nitrogen such as NO3-, NO2- generated in plasma discharged water. It was observed that all three nutrients decreased in the cotyledon part, whereas ascorbate and GABA contents increased in the hypocotyl and radicle part of bean sprout for the same duration of farming. The addition of NO scavenger in the irrigation water also reduced growth and overall yield of the soybean sprouts. A recycling water system with plasma-discharged water helped to reduce the amount of water consumption and allowed soybean sprouts growth in a hygienic environment during the hydroponic production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Lee
- Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Saiful Islam Khan
- Division of Food Safety and Distribution, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-Do, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Shim
- Division of Food Safety and Distribution, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-Do, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Ji Kim
- Division of Food Safety and Distribution, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-Do, 55365, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 305-350, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Biczak R, Telesiński A, Pawłowska B. Oxidative stress in spring barley and common radish exposed to quaternary ammonium salts with hexafluorophosphate anion. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 107:248-256. [PMID: 27318798 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Quaternary ammonium salts (QAS), including ionic liquids (ILs), constitute a huge group of substances, which due to their desirable physical and chemical properties still attracts great interest in many industrial sectors. An increased concentration of this compound in the environment may lead to the contamination of the natural environment and may pose a potential threat to all organisms, including terrestrial higher plants. The present study demonstrates the interaction of three QAS with PF6(-) anions - tetramethylammonium [TMA][PF6], tetrabutylammonium [TBA][PF6], and tetrahexylammonium [THA][PF6] hexafluorophosphates - and its impact on the physiological and biochemical changes in spring barley seedlings and common radish plants. A similar study was also carried out by introducing the inorganic salt - ammonium hexafluorophosphate [A][PF6] to the soil; the results showed the soil became highly toxic to both plants. All the salts used led to significant changes in the metabolism of both spring barley and common radish which can be evidenced, for example, by a decrease in the content of chlorophyll a (Chla), chlorophyll b (Chlb), and total chlorophyll (Chla + b), as well as carotenoids (Car). The decrease in assimilation pigments was linearly correlated with an increasing concentration of QAS in the soil. QAS and [A][PF6] led to the formation of oxidative stress in both experimental plants, as evidenced by an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) content in their cells and the changes in H2O2 level. In response to stress, the plants synthesized enzymatic free radicals (ROS) scavengers that lead to changes in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as significantly increased peroxidase (POD) activity. A decrease in the content of assimilation pigments and an increased POD activity are the most reliable indices of oxidative stress, and concurrently the signs of premature plants aging. Common radish proved to be more resistant to the presence of QAS in the soil compared to spring barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Biczak
- Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa, The Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- West Pomeranian University of Technology, Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Juliusza Słowackiego St. 17, 71-374, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Barbara Pawłowska
- Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa, The Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland
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13
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Rozpądek P, Rąpała-Kozik M, Wężowicz K, Grandin A, Karlsson S, Ważny R, Anielska T, Turnau K. Arbuscular mycorrhiza improves yield and nutritional properties of onion (Allium cepa). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 107:264-272. [PMID: 27318800 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Improving the nutritional value of commonly cultivated crops is one of the most pending problems for modern agriculture. In natural environments plants associate with a multitude of fungal microorganisms that improve plant fitness. The best described group are arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). These fungi have been previously shown to improve the quality and yield of several common crops. In this study we tested the potential utilization of Rhizophagus irregularis in accelerating growth and increasing the content of important dietary phytochemicals in onion (Allium cepa). Our results clearly indicate that biomass production, the abundance of vitamin B1 and its analogues and organic acid concentration can be improved by inoculating the plant with AM fungi. We have shown that improved growth is accompanied with up-regulated electron transport in PSII and antioxidant enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Rozpądek
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Rąpała-Kozik
- Department of Comparative Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wężowicz
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Grandin
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Stefan Karlsson
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Rafał Ważny
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Teresa Anielska
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Turnau
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.
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14
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Surówka E, Dziurka M, Kocurek M, Goraj S, Rapacz M, Miszalski Z. Effects of exogenously applied hydrogen peroxide on antioxidant and osmoprotectant profiles and the C3-CAM shift in the halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 200:102-10. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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15
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Tiwari S, Grote R, Churkina G, Butler T. Ozone damage, detoxification and the role of isoprenoids - new impetus for integrated models. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2016; 43:324-336. [PMID: 32480464 DOI: 10.1071/fp15302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
High concentrations of ozone (O3) can have significant impacts on the health and productivity of agricultural and forest ecosystems, leading to significant economic losses. In order to estimate this impact under a wide range of environmental conditions, the mechanisms of O3 impacts on physiological and biochemical processes have been intensively investigated. This includes the impact on stomatal conductance, the formation of reactive oxygen species and their effects on enzymes and membranes, as well as several induced and constitutive defence responses. This review summarises these processes, discusses their importance for O3 damage scenarios and assesses to which degree this knowledge is currently used in ecosystem models which are applied for impact analyses. We found that even in highly sophisticated models, feedbacks affecting regulation, detoxification capacity and vulnerability are generally not considered. This implies that O3 inflicted alterations in carbon and water balances cannot be sufficiently well described to cover immediate plant responses under changing environmental conditions. Therefore, we suggest conceptual models that link the depicted feedbacks to available process-based descriptions of stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and isoprenoid formation, particularly the linkage to isoprenoid models opens up new options for describing biosphere-atmosphere interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Tiwari
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Rüdiger Grote
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Kreuzeckbahnstr. 19, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
| | - Galina Churkina
- Institute of Advanced Sustainable Studies, Berliner St. 130, 14467 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Tim Butler
- Institute of Advanced Sustainable Studies, Berliner St. 130, 14467 Potsdam, Germany
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16
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Khaling E, Papazian S, Poelman EH, Holopainen JK, Albrectsen BR, Blande JD. Ozone affects growth and development of Pieris brassicae on the wild host plant Brassica nigra. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 199:119-29. [PMID: 25645061 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
When plants are exposed to ozone they exhibit changes in both primary and secondary metabolism, which may affect their interactions with herbivorous insects. Here we investigated the performance and preferences of the specialist herbivore Pieris brassicae on the wild plant Brassica nigra under elevated ozone conditions. The direct and indirect effects of ozone on the plant-herbivore system were studied. In both cases ozone exposure had a negative effect on P. brassicae development. However, in dual-choice tests larvae preferentially consumed plant material previously fumigated with the highest concentration tested, showing a lack of correlation between larval preference and performance on ozone exposed plants. Metabolomic analysis of leaf material subjected to combinations of ozone and herbivore-feeding, and focussing on known defence metabolites, indicated that P. brassicae behaviour and performance were associated with ozone-induced alterations to glucosinolate and phenolic pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliezer Khaling
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Stefano Papazian
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Erik H Poelman
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8031, NL-6700, EH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jarmo K Holopainen
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Benedicte R Albrectsen
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - James D Blande
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland
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17
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Rozpądek P, Nosek M, Ślesak I, Kunicki E, Dziurka M, Miszalski Z. Ozone fumigation increases the abundance of nutrients in Brassica vegetables: broccoli ( Brassica oleracea var. italica) and Chinese cabbage ( Brassica pekinensis). Eur Food Res Technol 2014; 240:459-462. [PMID: 26074727 PMCID: PMC4461185 DOI: 10.1007/s00217-014-2372-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Brassicaceae vegetables, among them broccoli and Chinese cabbage, are well recognized due to the nutritional properties. Four-week-old Chinese cabbage and broccoli seedlings were fumigated with O3 for 3 days before being transplanted into the field. The effect of O3 treatment was determined after reaching marketable quality (ca. 10 weeks). The inflorescences of O3-treated broccoli were enriched in vitamin E (α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol), whereas Chinese cabbage heads had an increased content of anthocyanins and β-carotene. Ozone treatment did not significantly affect the productivity of both examined vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Rozpądek
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Nosek
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University, ul. Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Kraków, Poland
| | - Irenusz Ślesak
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Edward Kunicki
- Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, University of Agriculture, al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
| | - Michał Dziurka
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Miszalski
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
- Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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18
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Rozpądek P, Wężowicz K, Stojakowska A, Malarz J, Surówka E, Sobczyk Ł, Anielska T, Ważny R, Miszalski Z, Turnau K. Mycorrhizal fungi modulate phytochemical production and antioxidant activity of Cichorium intybus L. (Asteraceae) under metal toxicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 112:217-24. [PMID: 25048909 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cichorium intybus (common chicory), a perennial plant, common in anthropogenic sites, has been the object of a multitude of studies in recent years due to its high content of antioxidants utilized in pharmacy and food industry. Here, the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites and the activity of enzymatic antioxidants under toxic metal stress was studied. Plants inoculated with Rhizophagus irregularis and non-inoculated were grown on non-polluted and toxic metal enriched substrata. The results presented here indicate that AMF improves chicory fitness. Fresh and dry weight was found to be severely affected by the fungi and heavy metals. The concentration of hydroxycinnamates was increased in the shoots of mycorrhizal plants cultivated on non-polluted substrata, but no differences were found in plants cultivated on metal enriched substrata. The activity of SOD and H2O2 removing enzymes CAT and POX was elevated in the shoots of mycorrhizal plants regardless of the cultivation environment. Photochemical efficiency of inoculated chicory was significantly improved. Our results indicate that R. irregularis inoculation had a beneficial role in sustaining the plants ability to cope with the deleterious effects of metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rozpądek
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland; Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland.
| | - K Wężowicz
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Stojakowska
- Department of Phytochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - J Malarz
- Department of Phytochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - E Surówka
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ł Sobczyk
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - T Anielska
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - R Ważny
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Z Miszalski
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - K Turnau
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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