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Ražná K, Harenčár Ľ, Kučka M. The Involvement of microRNAs in Plant Lignan Biosynthesis—Current View. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142151. [PMID: 35883592 PMCID: PMC9323225 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignans, as secondary metabolites synthesized within a phenylpropanoid pathway, play various roles in plants, including their involvement in growth and plant defense processes. The health and nutritional benefits of lignans are unquestionable, and many studies have been devoted to these attributes. Although the regulatory role of miRNAs in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites has been widely reported, there is no systematic review available on the miRNA-based regulatory mechanism of lignans biosynthesis. However, the genetic background of lignan biosynthesis in plants is well characterized. We attempted to put together a regulatory mosaic based on current knowledge describing miRNA-mediated regulation of genes, enzymes, or transcription factors involved in this biosynthesis process. At the same time, we would like to underline the fact that further research is necessary to improve our understanding of the miRNAs regulating plant lignan biosynthesis by exploitation of current approaches for functional identification of miRNAs.
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Liu J, Feng R, Fu X, Zhao J, Zhang S, Wang J, Wang X, Wei J. Lignans dramatically enhance the resistance of Fraxinus velutina Torr. by adjusting the dominant bacterium group of Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:1386-1397. [PMID: 34897966 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Velvet ash (Fraxinus velutina Torr.) is an important wood and ornamental tree species. Emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, is a major wood borer of velvet ash. The aim of this study was to identify the secondary metabolites of velvet ash involved in regulating the dominant bacterium group of EAB. RESULTS The amount of lignans in the phloem of infested trees had increased by 290.96% because of A. planipennis infection. The addition of lignans to the artificial diet significantly reduced the weight of the larvae and decreased the dominant bacterial group in the larval midgut, such as Pseudomonadaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae. The FvPLR1, a key gene for lignan synthesis, was obtained based on the phloem transcriptome of velvet ash. The expression of FvPLR1 in the phloem of the infested tree was significantly higher than that in the noninfested tree. Meanwhile, FvPLR1 silenced by virus-induced gene silencing showed that its expression level and the lignan content were decreased by 69.91% and 31.65%, respectively. Interestingly, silencing FvPLR1 induced alterations in the dominant bacteria group in the larvae, with the reverse trend in the lignan-fed treatment. CONCLUSION The evidence showed that FvPLR1 was a positive regulator. The increasing synthesis of lignans leads to resistance improvement in velvet ash, which will provide comprehensive insights into the tree defense system to wood borer infestation. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Runxia Feng
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaohong Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Sufang Zhang
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Liaoning Academy of Forestry Science, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Jianrong Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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Povkhova LV, Melnikova NV, Rozhmina TA, Novakovskiy RO, Pushkova EN, Dvorianinova EM, Zhuchenko AA, Kamionskaya AM, Krasnov GS, Dmitriev AA. Genes Associated with the Flax Plant Type (Oil or Fiber) Identified Based on Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing Data. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122616. [PMID: 34961087 PMCID: PMC8707629 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As a result of the breeding process, there are two main types of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) plants. Linseed is used for obtaining seeds, while fiber flax is used for fiber production. We aimed to identify the genes associated with the flax plant type, which could be important for the formation of agronomically valuable traits. A search for polymorphisms was performed in genes involved in the biosynthesis of cell wall components, lignans, fatty acids, and ion transport based on genome sequencing data for 191 flax varieties. For 143 of the 424 studied genes (4CL, C3'H, C4H, CAD, CCR, CCoAOMT, COMT, F5H, HCT, PAL, CTL, BGAL, ABC, HMA, DIR, PLR, UGT, TUB, CESA, RGL, FAD, SAD, and ACT families), one or more polymorphisms had a strong correlation with the flax type. Based on the transcriptome sequencing data, we evaluated the expression levels for each flax type-associated gene in a wide range of tissues and suggested genes that are important for the formation of linseed or fiber flax traits. Such genes were probably subjected to the selection press and can determine not only the traits of seeds and stems but also the characteristics of the root system or resistance to stresses at a particular stage of development, which indirectly affects the ability of flax plants to produce seeds or fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liubov V. Povkhova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (L.V.P.); (N.V.M.); (R.O.N.); (E.N.P.); (E.M.D.); (G.S.K.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nataliya V. Melnikova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (L.V.P.); (N.V.M.); (R.O.N.); (E.N.P.); (E.M.D.); (G.S.K.)
| | - Tatiana A. Rozhmina
- Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops, 172002 Torzhok, Russia; (T.A.R.); (A.A.Z.)
| | - Roman O. Novakovskiy
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (L.V.P.); (N.V.M.); (R.O.N.); (E.N.P.); (E.M.D.); (G.S.K.)
| | - Elena N. Pushkova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (L.V.P.); (N.V.M.); (R.O.N.); (E.N.P.); (E.M.D.); (G.S.K.)
| | - Ekaterina M. Dvorianinova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (L.V.P.); (N.V.M.); (R.O.N.); (E.N.P.); (E.M.D.); (G.S.K.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Zhuchenko
- Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops, 172002 Torzhok, Russia; (T.A.R.); (A.A.Z.)
- All-Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery, 115598 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia M. Kamionskaya
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia;
| | - George S. Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (L.V.P.); (N.V.M.); (R.O.N.); (E.N.P.); (E.M.D.); (G.S.K.)
| | - Alexey A. Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (L.V.P.); (N.V.M.); (R.O.N.); (E.N.P.); (E.M.D.); (G.S.K.)
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Andargie M, Vinas M, Rathgeb A, Möller E, Karlovsky P. Lignans of Sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.): A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2021; 26:883. [PMID: 33562414 PMCID: PMC7914952 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Major lignans of sesame sesamin and sesamolin are benzodioxol--substituted furofurans. Sesamol, sesaminol, its epimers, and episesamin are transformation products found in processed products. Synthetic routes to all lignans are known but only sesamol is synthesized industrially. Biosynthesis of furofuran lignans begins with the dimerization of coniferyl alcohol, followed by the formation of dioxoles, oxidation, and glycosylation. Most genes of the lignan pathway in sesame have been identified but the inheritance of lignan content is poorly understood. Health-promoting properties make lignans attractive components of functional food. Lignans enhance the efficiency of insecticides and possess antifeedant activity, but their biological function in plants remains hypothetical. In this work, extensive literature including historical texts is reviewed, controversial issues are critically examined, and errors perpetuated in literature are corrected. The following aspects are covered: chemical properties and transformations of lignans; analysis, purification, and total synthesis; occurrence in Seseamum indicum and related plants; biosynthesis and genetics; biological activities; health-promoting properties; and biological functions. Finally, the improvement of lignan content in sesame seeds by breeding and biotechnology and the potential of hairy roots for manufacturing lignans in vitro are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mebeaselassie Andargie
- Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research, University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 6, 37073 Goettingen, Germany; (A.R.); (E.M.)
| | - Maria Vinas
- Centro para Investigaciones en Granos y Semillas (CIGRAS), University of Costa Rica, 2060 San Jose, Costa Rica;
| | - Anna Rathgeb
- Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research, University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 6, 37073 Goettingen, Germany; (A.R.); (E.M.)
| | - Evelyn Möller
- Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research, University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 6, 37073 Goettingen, Germany; (A.R.); (E.M.)
| | - Petr Karlovsky
- Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research, University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 6, 37073 Goettingen, Germany; (A.R.); (E.M.)
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Hamade K, Fliniaux O, Fontaine JX, Molinié R, Otogo Nnang E, Bassard S, Guénin S, Gutierrez L, Lainé E, Hano C, Pilard S, Hijazi A, El Kak A, Mesnard F. NMR and LC-MS-Based Metabolomics to Study Osmotic Stress in Lignan-Deficient Flax. Molecules 2021; 26:767. [PMID: 33540754 PMCID: PMC7867241 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignans, phenolic plant secondary metabolites, are derived from the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway. Although, being investigated for their health benefits in terms of antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties, the role of these molecules in plants remains incompletely elucidated; a potential role in stress response mechanisms has been, however, proposed. In this study, a non-targeted metabolomic analysis of the roots, stems, and leaves of wild-type and PLR1-RNAi transgenic flax, devoid of (+) secoisolariciresinol diglucoside ((+) SDG)-the main flaxseed lignan, was performed using 1H-NMR and LC-MS, in order to obtain further insight into the involvement of lignan in the response of plant to osmotic stress. Results showed that wild-type and lignan-deficient flax plants have different metabolic responses after being exposed to osmotic stress conditions, but they both showed the capacity to induce an adaptive response to osmotic stress. These findings suggest the indirect involvement of lignans in osmotic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamar Hamade
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratoire BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (K.H.); (O.F.); (J.-X.F.); (R.M.); (E.O.N.); (S.B.)
| | - Ophélie Fliniaux
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratoire BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (K.H.); (O.F.); (J.-X.F.); (R.M.); (E.O.N.); (S.B.)
| | - Jean-Xavier Fontaine
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratoire BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (K.H.); (O.F.); (J.-X.F.); (R.M.); (E.O.N.); (S.B.)
| | - Roland Molinié
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratoire BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (K.H.); (O.F.); (J.-X.F.); (R.M.); (E.O.N.); (S.B.)
| | - Elvis Otogo Nnang
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratoire BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (K.H.); (O.F.); (J.-X.F.); (R.M.); (E.O.N.); (S.B.)
| | - Solène Bassard
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratoire BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (K.H.); (O.F.); (J.-X.F.); (R.M.); (E.O.N.); (S.B.)
| | - Stéphanie Guénin
- CRRBM, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.G.); (L.G.)
| | - Laurent Gutierrez
- CRRBM, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.G.); (L.G.)
| | - Eric Lainé
- USC INRAE 1328, Laboratoire LBLGC, Antenne Scientifique Universitaire de Chartres, University of Orleans, 28000 Chartres, France; (E.L.); (C.H.)
| | - Christophe Hano
- USC INRAE 1328, Laboratoire LBLGC, Antenne Scientifique Universitaire de Chartres, University of Orleans, 28000 Chartres, France; (E.L.); (C.H.)
| | - Serge Pilard
- Plateforme Analytique, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France;
| | - Akram Hijazi
- Platform for Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (PRASE), Lebanese University, Beirut 6573, Lebanon;
| | - Assem El Kak
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Substances Naturelles et Produits de Santé (BSNPS), Lebanese University, Beirut 6573, Lebanon;
| | - François Mesnard
- UMRT INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratoire BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (K.H.); (O.F.); (J.-X.F.); (R.M.); (E.O.N.); (S.B.)
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Chhillar H, Chopra P, Ashfaq MA. Lignans from linseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.) and its allied species: Retrospect, introspect and prospect. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:2719-2741. [PMID: 32619358 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1784840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lignans are complex diphenolic compounds representing phytoestrogens and occur widely across the plant kingdom. Formed by the coupling of two coniferyl alcohol residues, lignans constitute major plant "specialized metabolites" with exceptional biological attributes that aid in plant defence and provide health benefits in humans by reducing the risk of ailments such as cancer, diabetes etc. Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is one of the richest sources of lignans followed by cereals and legumes. Among the various types of lignans, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) is considered as the essential and nutrient rich lignan in linseed. Lignans exhibit established antimitotic, antiviral and anti-tumor properties that contribute to their medicinal value. The present review seeks to provide a holistic view of research in the past and present times revolving around lignans from linseed and its allied species. This review attempts to elucidate sources, structures and functional properties of lignans, along with detailed biosynthetic mechanisms operating in plants. It summarizes various methods for the determination of lignan content in plants. Biotechnological interventions (in planta and in vitro) aimed at enriching lignan content and adoption of integrative approaches that might further enhance lignan content and medicinal and nutraceutical value of Linum spp. have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Chhillar
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Priyanka Chopra
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Ashraf Ashfaq
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Anjum S, Komal A, Drouet S, Kausar H, Hano C, Abbasi BH. Feasible Production of Lignans and Neolignans in Root-derived In Vitro Cultures of Flax ( Linum usitatissimum L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E409. [PMID: 32218181 PMCID: PMC7238537 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Flax lignans and neolignans impart health benefits, particularly in treating different types of cancers, due to their strong phytoestrogenic and antioxidant properties. The present study enhances the comprehension on the biosynthesis of antioxidant lignans and neolignans in root-derived in vitro cultures of flax (both callus and adventitious root). The results presented here clearly showed that the adventitious root culture efficiently produced a higher amount of lignans (at day 40) and neolignans (at day 30) than callus culture of flax. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that the accumulations of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG, 5.5 mg g-1 DW (dry weight)) and dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol glucoside (DCG, 21.6 mg/g DW) were 2-fold higher, while guaiacylglycerol-β-coniferyl alcohol ether glucoside (GGCG, 4.9 mg/g DW) and lariciresinol glucoside (LDG, 11.9 mg/g DW) contents were 1.5-fold higher in adventitious root culture than in callus culture. Furthermore, the highest level of total phenolic production (119.01 mg/L), with an antioxidant free radical scavenging activity of 91.01%, was found in adventitious root culture at day 40, while the maximum level of total flavonoid production (45.51 mg/L) was observed in callus culture at day 30 of growth dynamics. These results suggest that adventitious root culture can be a good candidate for scaling up to industrial level to commercially produce these pharmacologically and nutritionally valuable metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Anjum
- Department of Biotechnology, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore-54000, Pakistan; (A.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Amna Komal
- Department of Biotechnology, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore-54000, Pakistan; (A.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Samantha Drouet
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRA USC1328/Université d’Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France;
| | - Humera Kausar
- Department of Biotechnology, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore-54000, Pakistan; (A.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRA USC1328/Université d’Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France;
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad-45320, Pakistan
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Markulin L, Corbin C, Renouard S, Drouet S, Durpoix C, Mathieu C, Lopez T, Auguin D, Hano C, Lainé É. Characterization of LuWRKY36, a flax transcription factor promoting secoisolariciresinol biosynthesis in response to Fusarium oxysporum elicitors in Linum usitatissimum L. hairy roots. PLANTA 2019; 250:347-366. [PMID: 31037486 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of a WRKY transcription factor in the regulation of lignan biosynthesis in flax using a hairy root system is described. Secoisolariciresinol is the main flax lignan synthesized by action of LuPLR1 (pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductase 1). LuPLR1 gene promoter deletion experiments have revealed a promoter region containing W boxes potentially responsible for the response to Fusarium oxysporum. W boxes are bound by WRKY transcription factors that play a role in the response to stress. A candidate WRKY transcription factor, LuWRKY36, was isolated from both abscisic acid and Fusarium elicitor-treated flax cell cDNA libraries. This transcription factors contains two WRKY DNA-binding domains and is a homolog of AtWRKY33. Different approaches confirmed LuWRKY36 binding to a W box located in the LuPLR1 promoter occurring through a unique direct interaction mediated by its N-terminal WRKY domain. Our results propose that the positive regulator action of LuWRKY36 on the LuPLR1 gene regulation and lignan biosynthesis in response to biotic stress is positively mediated by abscisic acid and inhibited by ethylene. Additionally, we demonstrate a differential Fusarium elicitor response in susceptible and resistant flax cultivars, seen as a faster and stronger LuPLR1 gene expression response accompanied with higher secoisolariciresinol accumulation in HR of the resistant cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucija Markulin
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, EA 1207, INRA USC 1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 Rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Cyrielle Corbin
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, EA 1207, INRA USC 1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 Rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Sullivan Renouard
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, EA 1207, INRA USC 1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 Rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Samantha Drouet
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, EA 1207, INRA USC 1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 Rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Charlène Durpoix
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, EA 1207, INRA USC 1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 Rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Charlotte Mathieu
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, EA 1207, INRA USC 1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 Rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Tatiana Lopez
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, EA 1207, INRA USC 1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 Rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Daniel Auguin
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, EA 1207, INRA USC 1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 Rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, EA 1207, INRA USC 1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 Rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Éric Lainé
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, EA 1207, INRA USC 1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 Rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France.
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Markulin L, Corbin C, Renouard S, Drouet S, Gutierrez L, Mateljak I, Auguin D, Hano C, Fuss E, Lainé E. Pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases, key to the lignan synthesis in plants. PLANTA 2019; 249:1695-1714. [PMID: 30895445 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03137-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This paper provides an overview on activity, stereospecificity, expression and regulation of pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases in plants. These enzymes are shared by the pathways to all 8-8' lignans derived from pinoresinol. Pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases (PLR) are enzymes involved in the lignan biosynthesis after the initial dimerization of two monolignols. They catalyze two successive reduction steps leading to the production of lariciresinol or secoisolariciresinol from pinoresinol. Two secoisolariciresinol enantiomers can be synthetized with different fates. Depending on the plant species, these enantiomers are either final products (e.g., in the flaxseed where it is stored after glycosylation) or are the starting point for the synthesis of a wide range of lignans, among which the aryltetralin type lignans are used to semisynthesize anticancer drugs such as Etoposide®. Thus, the regulation of the gene expression of PLRs as well as the possible specificities of these reductases for one reduction step or one enantiomer are key factors to fine-tune the lignan synthesis. Results published in the last decade have shed light on the presence of more than one PLR in each plant and revealed various modes of action. Nevertheless, there are not many results published on the PLRs and most of them were obtained in a limited range of species. Indeed, a number of them deal with wild and cultivated flax belonging to the genus Linum. Despite the occurrence of lignans in bryophytes, pteridophytes and monocots, data on PLRs in these taxa are still missing and indeed the whole diversity of PLRs is still unknown. This review summarizes the data, published mainly in the last decade, on the PLR gene expression, enzymatic activity and biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Samantha Drouet
- Centre Régional de Ressources en Biologie Moléculaire (CRRBM), Université Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint-Leu, 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Laurent Gutierrez
- Centre Régional de Ressources en Biologie Moléculaire (CRRBM), Université Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint-Leu, 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Ivan Mateljak
- LBLGC, INRA USC 1328 Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Daniel Auguin
- LBLGC, INRA USC 1328 Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | | | - Elisabeth Fuss
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, Hoppe-Seyler-St. 4, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eric Lainé
- LBLGC, INRA USC 1328 Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France.
- LBLGC, INRA USC 1328 Antenne Scientifique Universitaire de Chartres, 21 rue de Loigny, 28000, Chartres, France.
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10
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11
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Wu Y, Xing D, Ma G, Dai X, Gao L, Xia T. A variable loop involved in the substrate selectivity of pinoresinol/lariciresinol reductase from Camellia sinensis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 162:1-9. [PMID: 30844490 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pinoresinol/lariciresinol reductase (PLR), an NADPH-dependent reductase that catalyzes the sequential reduction of pinoresinol into secoisolariciresinol via Lariciresinol, can lead to the structural and stereochemical diversity of lignans. The relationship between substrate-selective reaction of PLR and sequence homology still remains unclear. In this study, we focused on the contribution of the variable region between PLRs in determining substrate selectivity. Here, two CsPLRs (CsPLR1 and CsPLR2) were identified in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis var. sinensis cv. Shuchazao). In vitro enzymatic assays showed that CsPLR1 could convert (+)- and (-)-pinoresinol into lariciresinol or secoisolariciresinol, whereas CsPLR2 catalyzed (+)-pinoresinol enantioselectively into (-)-secoisolariciresinol. Homology modeling and site-directed mutagenesis were used to examine the role of a variable loop in catalysis and substrate selectivity. The L174I mutant in CsPLR1 lost the capacity to reduce either (+)- or (-)-pinoresinol but retained the ability to catalyze the reduction of (-)-lariciresinol. These findings provide a basis for better understanding of the substrate-selective reaction of PLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.
| | - Dawei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.
| | - Guoliang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.
| | - Xinlong Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.
| | - Liping Gao
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.
| | - Tao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.
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12
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Markulin L, Drouet S, Corbin C, Decourtil C, Garros L, Renouard S, Lopez T, Mongelard G, Gutierrez L, Auguin D, Lainé E, Hano C. The control exerted by ABA on lignan biosynthesis in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is modulated by a Ca 2+ signal transduction involving the calmodulin-like LuCML15b. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 236:74-87. [PMID: 30928768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The LuPLR1 gene encodes a pinoresinol lariciresinol reductase responsible for the biosynthesis of (+)-secoisolariciresinol, a cancer chemopreventive lignan, highly accumulated in the seedcoat of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a key role in the regulation of LuPLR1 gene expression and lignan accumulation in both seeds and cell suspensions, which require two cis-acting elements (ABRE and MYB2) for this regulation. Ca2+ is a universal secondary messenger involved in a wide range of physiological processes including ABA signaling. Therefore, Ca2+ may be involved as a mediator of LuPLR1 gene expression and lignan biosynthesis regulation exerted by ABA. To test the potential implication of Ca2+ signaling, a pharmacological approach was conducted using both flax cell suspensions and maturing seed systems coupled with a ß-glucuronidase reporter gene experiment, RT-qPCR analysis, lignan quantification as well as Ca2+ fluorescence imaging. Exogenous ABA application results in an increase in the intracellular Ca2+ cytosolic concentration, originating mainly from the extracellular medium. Promoter-reporter deletion experiments suggest that the ABRE and MYB2 cis-acting elements of the LuPLR1 gene promoter functioned as Ca2+-sensitive sequences involved in the ABA-mediated regulation. The use of specific inhibitors pointed the crucial roles of the Ca2+ sensors calmodulin-like proteins and Ca2+-dependent protein kinases in this regulation. This regulation appeared conserved in the two different studied systems, i.e. cell suspensions and maturing seeds. A calmodulin-like, LuCML15b, identified from gene network analysis is proposed as a key player involved in this signal transduction since RNAi experiments provided direct evidences of this role. Taken together, these results provide new information on the regulation of plant defense and human health-promoting compounds, which could be used to optimize their production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucija Markulin
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA, USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France; Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, GDR 3711 COSMACTIFS, CNRS Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, F-45100 Orléans, France
| | - Samantha Drouet
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA, USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France; Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, GDR 3711 COSMACTIFS, CNRS Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, F-45100 Orléans, France
| | - Cyrielle Corbin
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA, USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France; Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, GDR 3711 COSMACTIFS, CNRS Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, F-45100 Orléans, France
| | - Cédric Decourtil
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA, USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France; Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, GDR 3711 COSMACTIFS, CNRS Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, F-45100 Orléans, France
| | - Laurine Garros
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA, USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France; Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, GDR 3711 COSMACTIFS, CNRS Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, F-45100 Orléans, France
| | - Sullivan Renouard
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA, USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France; Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, GDR 3711 COSMACTIFS, CNRS Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, F-45100 Orléans, France
| | - Tatiana Lopez
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA, USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France; Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, GDR 3711 COSMACTIFS, CNRS Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, F-45100 Orléans, France
| | - Gaëlle Mongelard
- Centre de Ressources Régionales en Biologie Moléculaire (CRRBM), Université Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint-Leu, F-80039 Amiens, France
| | - Laurent Gutierrez
- Centre de Ressources Régionales en Biologie Moléculaire (CRRBM), Université Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint-Leu, F-80039 Amiens, France
| | - Daniel Auguin
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA, USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France; Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, GDR 3711 COSMACTIFS, CNRS Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, F-45100 Orléans, France
| | - Eric Lainé
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA, USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France; Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, GDR 3711 COSMACTIFS, CNRS Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, F-45100 Orléans, France
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA, USC1328, Université d'Orléans, Pôle Universitaire d'Eure et Loir, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, F-28000 Chartres, France; Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, GDR 3711 COSMACTIFS, CNRS Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, F-45100 Orléans, France.
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13
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Ahmad W, Zahir A, Nadeem M, Garros L, Drouet S, Renouard S, Doussot J, Giglioli-Guivarc’h N, Hano C, Abbasi BH. Enhanced production of lignans and neolignans in chitosan-treated flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) cell cultures. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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14
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Nadeem M, Ahmad W, Zahir A, Hano C, Abbasi BH. Salicylic acid-enhanced biosynthesis of pharmacologically important lignans and neo lignans in cell suspension culture of Linum ussitatsimum L. Eng Life Sci 2019; 19:168-174. [PMID: 32624999 PMCID: PMC6999296 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201800095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Linum usitatsimum L. (flax) is a perennial herb with magnitude of medicinal and commercial applications. In the present study, we investigated the effects of salicylic acid (SA) on biosynthesis of lignans (secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) and lariciresinol diglucoside (LDG)) and neolignans (dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol glucoside (DCG) and guaiacylglycerol-β-coniferyl alcohol ether glucoside (GGCG)) in cell cultures of flax. Moderate concentration of SA (50 μM) enhanced biomass accumulation (10.98 g/L dry weight (DW)), total phenolic content (37.81 mg/g DW), and antioxidant potential (87.23%) to two-fold than their respective controls after 72 h of exposure. However, higher levels of total flavonoid content (5.32 mg/g DW) were noted after 48 h of exposure to 50 μM of SA. HPLC analyses revealed that 50 μM SA, significantly enhanced biosynthesis of SDG (7.95 mg/g DW), LDG (7.52 mg/g DW), DCG (54.90 mg/g DW), and GGCG (16.78 mg/g DW), which was almost 2.7, 1.8, 3.88, and 3.98 fold higher than their respective controls after 72 h of exposure time, respectively. These results indicated that moderate concentrations of SA had significant effects on biosynthesis and productivity of lignans and neolignans in cell culture of L. usitatissimum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nadeem
- Department of BiotechnologyQuaid‐i‐Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan
| | - Waqar Ahmad
- Department of BiotechnologyQuaid‐i‐Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan
| | - Adnan Zahir
- Department of BiotechnologyQuaid‐i‐Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC)Plant Lignans TeamUPRES EA 1207Université d'OrléansChartresFrance
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of BiotechnologyQuaid‐i‐Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC)Plant Lignans TeamUPRES EA 1207Université d'OrléansChartresFrance
- EA2106 Biomolecules et Biotechnologies VegetalesUniversite Francois‐Rabelais de ToursToursFrance
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15
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Tashackori H, Sharifi M, Ahmadian Chashmi N, Fuss E, Behmanesh M, Safaie N. RNAi-mediated silencing of pinoresinol lariciresinol reductase in Linum album hairy roots alters the phenolic accumulation in response to fungal elicitor. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 232:115-126. [PMID: 30537598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Lignans are diphenolic compounds produced in plants via coupling of two coniferyl alcohol molecules with the aid of a dirigent protein to form pinoresinol (PINO). The latter is reduced via lariciresinol (LARI) to secoisolariciresinol by the bifunctional pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductase (PLR). In this study, we clarified the consequences of altered lignan biosynthesis on amino acids, phenolics compounds and lignin in the hairy roots of Linum album with an ihpRNAi construct to silence PLR gene expression. Down-regulation of PLR-La1 resulted in up to an 8.3 and 3.3-time increased PINO and LARI content respectively, and reduced levels of podophyllotoxin (PTOX) and 6-methoxy podophyllotoxin (6-MPTOX). By Suppression of PLR expression, the metabolites belonging to shikimate and phenylpropanoid pathways are conducted to phenolic compounds and lignin accumulations. Although PINO and LARI were induced in response to fungal elicitor, the accumulation of PTOX and 6-MPTOX did not occur in PLR down-regulated roots. Our result also demonstrated variation in amino acids, phenolic compounds and lignin levels in presence of the fungal elicitation in PLR down regulated-roots. This data assert the accumulation of aryltetralin lignans in interactions with plant pathogens by PLR activity and the importance this enzyme for defense against pathogens in L. album.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannaneh Tashackori
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-154, Iran
| | - Mohsen Sharifi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-154, Iran.
| | | | - Elisabeth Fuss
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tubingen, Germany
| | - Mehrdad Behmanesh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Safaie
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Garros L, Drouet S, Corbin C, Decourtil C, Fidel T, Lebas de Lacour J, Leclerc EA, Renouard S, Tungmunnithum D, Doussot J, Abassi BH, Maunit B, Lainé É, Fliniaux O, Mesnard F, Hano C. Insight into the Influence of Cultivar Type, Cultivation Year, and Site on the Lignans and Related Phenolic Profiles, and the Health-Promoting Antioxidant Potential of Flax ( Linum usitatissimum L.) Seeds. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102636. [PMID: 30322184 PMCID: PMC6222607 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Flaxseeds are a functional food representing, by far, the richest natural grain source of lignans, and accumulate substantial amounts of other health beneficial phenolic compounds (i.e., flavonols, hydroxycinnamic acids). This specific accumulation pattern is related to their numerous beneficial effects on human health. However, to date, little data is available concerning the relative impact of genetic and geographic parameters on the phytochemical yield and composition. Here, the major influence of the cultivar over geographic parameters on the flaxseed phytochemical accumulation yield and composition is evidenced. The importance of genetic parameters on the lignan accumulation was further confirmed by gene expression analysis monitored by RT-qPCR. The corresponding antioxidant activity of these flaxseed extracts was evaluated, both in vitro, using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and iron chelating assays, as well as in vivo, by monitoring the impact of UV-induced oxidative stress on the lipid membrane peroxidation of yeast cells. Our results, both the in vitro and in vivo studies, confirm that flaxseed extracts are an effective protector against oxidative stress. The results point out that secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, caffeic acid glucoside, and p-coumaric acid glucoside are the main contributors to the antioxidant capacity. Considering the health benefits of these compounds, the present study demonstrates that the flaxseed cultivar type could greatly influence the phytochemical intakes and, therefore, the associated biological activities. We recommend that this crucial parameter be considered in epidemiological studies dealing with flaxseeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurine Garros
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) EA1207 INRA USC1328, Plant LIGNANS Team, Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France.
- COSM'ACTIFS, Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, CNRS GDR3711, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA) UMR7311, Université d'Orléans-CNRS, 45067 Orléans CEDEX 2, France.
| | - Samantha Drouet
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) EA1207 INRA USC1328, Plant LIGNANS Team, Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France.
- COSM'ACTIFS, Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, CNRS GDR3711, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - Cyrielle Corbin
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) EA1207 INRA USC1328, Plant LIGNANS Team, Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France.
- COSM'ACTIFS, Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, CNRS GDR3711, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - Cédric Decourtil
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) EA1207 INRA USC1328, Plant LIGNANS Team, Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France.
- COSM'ACTIFS, Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, CNRS GDR3711, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - Thibaud Fidel
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) EA1207 INRA USC1328, Plant LIGNANS Team, Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France.
- COSM'ACTIFS, Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, CNRS GDR3711, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - Julie Lebas de Lacour
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) EA1207 INRA USC1328, Plant LIGNANS Team, Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France.
- COSM'ACTIFS, Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, CNRS GDR3711, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - Emilie A Leclerc
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) EA1207 INRA USC1328, Plant LIGNANS Team, Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France.
- COSM'ACTIFS, Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, CNRS GDR3711, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - Sullivan Renouard
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) EA1207 INRA USC1328, Plant LIGNANS Team, Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France.
- COSM'ACTIFS, Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, CNRS GDR3711, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - Duangjai Tungmunnithum
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) EA1207 INRA USC1328, Plant LIGNANS Team, Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France.
- COSM'ACTIFS, Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, CNRS GDR3711, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayuthaya Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Joël Doussot
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) EA1207 INRA USC1328, Plant LIGNANS Team, Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France.
- COSM'ACTIFS, Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, CNRS GDR3711, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
- Le CNAM, Ecole Sciences Industrielles et Technologies de l'Information (SITI), Chimie Alimentation Santé Environnement Risque (CASER), 75141 Paris Cedex 3, France.
| | - Bilal Haider Abassi
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) EA1207 INRA USC1328, Plant LIGNANS Team, Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France.
- COSM'ACTIFS, Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, CNRS GDR3711, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Benoit Maunit
- COSM'ACTIFS, Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, CNRS GDR3711, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA) UMR7311, Université d'Orléans-CNRS, 45067 Orléans CEDEX 2, France.
| | - Éric Lainé
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) EA1207 INRA USC1328, Plant LIGNANS Team, Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France.
- COSM'ACTIFS, Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, CNRS GDR3711, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - Ophélie Fliniaux
- Biologie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI) EA 3900, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France.
| | - François Mesnard
- Biologie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI) EA 3900, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France.
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) EA1207 INRA USC1328, Plant LIGNANS Team, Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France.
- COSM'ACTIFS, Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, CNRS GDR3711, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
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17
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Francoz E, Lepiniec L, North HM. Seed coats as an alternative molecular factory: thinking outside the box. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2018; 31:327-342. [PMID: 30056618 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-018-0345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Seed coats as commodities. Seed coats play important roles in the protection of the embryo from biological attack and physical damage by the environment as well as dispersion strategies. A significant part of the energy devoted by the mother plant to seed production is channeled into the production of the cell layers and metabolites that surround the embryo. Nevertheless, in crop species these are often discarded post-harvest and are a wasted resource that could be processed to yield co-products. The production of novel compounds from existing metabolites is also a possibility. A number of macromolecules are already accumulated in these maternal layers that could be exploited in industrial applications either directly or via green chemistry, notably flavonoids, lignin, lignan, polysaccharides, lipid polyesters and waxes. Here, we summarize our knowledge of the in planta biosynthesis pathways of these macromolecules and their molecular regulation as well as potential applications. We also outline recent work aimed at providing further tools for increasing yields of existing molecules or the development of novel biotech approaches, as well as trial studies aimed at exploiting this underused resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Francoz
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Loïc Lepiniec
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Helen M North
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France.
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18
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Behr M, Sergeant K, Leclercq CC, Planchon S, Guignard C, Lenouvel A, Renaut J, Hausman JF, Lutts S, Guerriero G. Insights into the molecular regulation of monolignol-derived product biosynthesis in the growing hemp hypocotyl. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:1. [PMID: 29291729 PMCID: PMC5749015 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1213-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignin and lignans are both derived from the monolignol pathway. Despite the similarity of their building blocks, they fulfil different functions in planta. Lignin strengthens the tissues of the plant, while lignans are involved in plant defence and growth regulation. Their biosyntheses are tuned both spatially and temporally to suit the development of the plant (water conduction, reaction to stresses). We propose to study the general molecular events related to monolignol-derived product biosynthesis, especially lignin. It was previously shown that the growing hemp hypocotyl (between 6 and 20 days after sowing) is a valid system to study secondary growth and the molecular events accompanying lignification. The present work confirms the validity of this system, by using it to study the regulation of lignin and lignan biosynthesis. Microscopic observations, lignin analysis, proteomics, together with in situ laccase and peroxidase activity assays were carried out to understand the dynamics of lignin synthesis during the development of the hemp hypocotyl. RESULTS Based on phylogenetic analysis and targeted gene expression, we suggest a role for the hemp dirigent and dirigent-like proteins in lignan biosynthesis. The transdisciplinary approach adopted resulted in the gene- and protein-level quantification of the main enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of monolignols and their oxidative coupling (laccases and class III peroxidases), in lignin deposition (dirigent-like proteins) and in the determination of the stereoconformation of lignans (dirigent proteins). CONCLUSIONS Our work sheds light on how, in the growing hemp hypocotyl, the provision of the precursors needed to synthesize the aromatic biomolecules lignin and lignans is regulated at the transcriptional and proteomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Behr
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), L-4362 Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie Végétale (GRPV), Earth and Life Institute - Agronomy (ELI-A), Université catholique de Louvain (UcL), 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Kjell Sergeant
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), L-4362 Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Céline C. Leclercq
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), L-4362 Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sébastien Planchon
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), L-4362 Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Cédric Guignard
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), L-4362 Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Audrey Lenouvel
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), L-4362 Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jenny Renaut
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), L-4362 Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jean-Francois Hausman
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), L-4362 Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Stanley Lutts
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie Végétale (GRPV), Earth and Life Institute - Agronomy (ELI-A), Université catholique de Louvain (UcL), 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Gea Guerriero
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), L-4362 Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
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Corbin C, Drouet S, Mateljak I, Markulin L, Decourtil C, Renouard S, Lopez T, Doussot J, Lamblin F, Auguin D, Lainé E, Fuss E, Hano C. Functional characterization of the pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductase-2 gene reveals its roles in yatein biosynthesis and flax defense response. PLANTA 2017; 246:405-420. [PMID: 28451749 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-017-2701-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION This study provides new insights into the biosynthesis regulation and in planta function of the lignan yatein in flax leaves. Pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductases (PLR) catalyze the conversion of pinoresinol into secoisolariciresinol (SECO) in lignan biosynthesis. Several lignans are accumulated in high concentrations, such as SECO accumulated as secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) in seeds and yatein in aerial parts, in the flax plant (Linum usitatissimum L.) from which two PLR enzymes of opposite enantioselectivity have been isolated. While LuPLR1 catalyzes the biosynthesis of (+)-SECO leading to (+)-SDG in seeds, the role(s) of the second PLR (LuPLR2) is not completely elucidated. This study provides new insights into the in planta regulation and function of the lignan yatein in flax leaves: its biosynthesis relies on a different PLR with opposite stereospecificity but also on a distinct expression regulation. RNAi technology provided evidence for the in vivo involvement of the LuPLR2 gene in the biosynthesis of (-)-yatein accumulated in flax leaves. LuPLR2 expression in different tissues and in response to stress was studied by RT-qPCR and promoter-reporter transgenesis showing that the spatio-temporal expression of the LuPLR2 gene in leaves perfectly matches the (-)-yatein accumulation and that LuPLR2 expression and yatein production are increased by methyl jasmonate and wounding. A promoter deletion approach yielded putative regulatory elements. This expression pattern in relation to a possible role for this lignan in flax defense is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrielle Corbin
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Samantha Drouet
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Ivan Mateljak
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Lucija Markulin
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Cédric Decourtil
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Sullivan Renouard
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Tatiana Lopez
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Joël Doussot
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
- Ecole SITI, Département CASER, Le CNAM, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Lamblin
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Daniel Auguin
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Eric Lainé
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Elisabeth Fuss
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, Hoppe-Seyler-St. 4, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, Université d'Orléans, 21 rue de Loigny la Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France.
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20
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Kinetics of the incorporation of the main phenolic compounds into the lignan macromolecule during flaxseed development. Food Chem 2017; 217:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Anjum S, Abbasi BH, Doussot J, Favre-Réguillon A, Hano C. Effects of photoperiod regimes and ultraviolet-C radiations on biosynthesis of industrially important lignans and neolignans in cell cultures of Linum usitatissimum L. (Flax). JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 167:216-227. [PMID: 28088102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Lignans and neolignans are principal bioactive components of Linum usitatissimum L. (Flax), having multiple pharmacological activities. In present study, we are reporting an authoritative abiotic elicitation strategy of photoperiod regimes along with UV-C radiations. Cell cultures were grown in different photoperiod regimes (24h-dark, 24h-light and 16L/8D h photoperiod) either alone or in combination with various doses (1.8-10.8kJ/m2) of ultraviolet-C (UV-C) radiations. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), lariciresinol diglucoside (LDG), dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol glucoside (DCG), and guaiacylglycerol-β-coniferyl alcohol ether glucoside (GGCG) were quantified by using reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Results showed that the cultures exposed to UV-C radiations, accumulated higher levels of lignans, neolignans and other biochemical markers than cultures grown under different photoperiod regimes. 3.6kJ/m2 dose of UV-C radiations resulted in 1.86-fold (7.1mg/g DW) increase in accumulation of SDG, 2.25-fold (21.6mg/g DW) in LDG, and 1.33-fold (9.2mg/g DW) in GGCG in cell cultures grown under UV+photoperiod than their respective controls. Furthermore, cell cultures grown under UV+dark showed 1.36-fold (60.0mg/g DW) increase in accumulation of DCG in response to 1.8kJ/m2 dose of UV-C radiations. Smilar trends were observed in productivity of SDG, LDG and GGCG. Additionally, 3.6kJ/m2 dose of UV-C radiations also resulted in 2.82-fold (195.65mg/l) increase in total phenolic production, 2.94-fold (98.9mg/l) in total flavonoid production and 1.04-fold (95%) in antioxidant activity of cell cultures grown under UV+photoperiod. These findings open new dimensions for feasible production of biologically active lignans and neolignans by Flax cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Anjum
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Joël Doussot
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRA USC1328/Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France; Le CNAM, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, CASER-SITI-CG, 2 rue Conté, 75003 Paris, France
| | - Alain Favre-Réguillon
- Le CNAM, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, CASER-SITI-CG, 2 rue Conté, 75003 Paris, France; Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Catalytiques (UMR 5285), CPE Lyon, 43 boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRA USC1328/Université d'Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France; Bioactifs et Cosmétiques, GDR 3711 COSMACTIFS, CNRS/Université d'Orléans, France
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22
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Ty1-copia elements reveal diverse insertion sites linked to polymorphisms among flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) accessions. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:1002. [PMID: 27927184 PMCID: PMC5142383 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3337-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Initial characterization of the flax genome showed that Ty1-copia retrotransposons are abundant, with several members being recently inserted, and in close association with genes. Recent insertions indicate a potential for ongoing transpositional activity that can create genomic diversity among accessions, cultivars or varieties. The polymorphisms generated constitute a good source of molecular markers that may be associated with phenotype if the insertions alter gene activity. Flax, where accessions are bred mainly for seed nutritional properties or for fibers, constitutes a good model for studying the relationship of transpositional activity with diversification and breeding. In this study, we estimated copy number and used a type of transposon display known as Sequence-Specific Amplification Polymorphisms (SSAPs), to characterize six families of Ty1-copia elements across 14 flax accessions. Polymorphic insertion sites were sequenced to find insertions that could potentially alter gene expression, and a preliminary test was performed with selected genes bearing transposable element (TE) insertions. RESULTS Quantification of six families of Ty1-copia elements indicated different abundances among TE families and between flax accessions, which suggested diverse transpositional histories. SSAPs showed a high level of polymorphism in most of the evaluated retrotransposon families, with a trend towards higher levels of polymorphism in low-copy number families. Ty1-copia insertion polymorphisms among cultivars allowed a general distinction between oil and fiber types, and between spring and winter types, demonstrating their utility in diversity studies. Characterization of polymorphic insertions revealed an overwhelming association with genes, with insertions disrupting exons, introns or within 1 kb of coding regions. A preliminary test on the potential transcriptional disruption by TEs of four selected genes evaluated in three different tissues, showed one case of significant impact of the insertion on gene expression. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that specific Ty1-copia families have been active since breeding commenced in flax. The retrotransposon-derived polymorphism can be used to separate flax types, and the close association of many insertions with genes defines a good source of potential mutations that could be associated with phenotypic changes, resulting in diversification processes.
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23
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Fang J, Ramsay A, Renouard S, Hano C, Lamblin F, Chabbert B, Mesnard F, Schneider B. Laser Microdissection and Spatiotemporal Pinoresinol-Lariciresinol Reductase Gene Expression Assign the Cell Layer-Specific Accumulation of Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside in Flaxseed Coats. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1743. [PMID: 27917190 PMCID: PMC5116464 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) found in flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is higher than that found in any other plant. It exists in flaxseed coats as an SDG-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid oligomer complex. A laser microdissection method was applied to harvest material from different cell layers of seed coats of mature and developing flaxseed to detect the cell-layer specific localization of SDG in flaxseed; NMR and HPLC were used to identify and quantify SDG in dissected cell layers after alkaline hydrolysis. The obtained results were further confirmed by a standard molecular method. The promoter of one pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductase gene of L. usitatissimum (LuPLR1), which is a key gene involved in SDG biosynthesis, was fused to a β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene, and the spatio-temporal regulation of LuPLR1 gene expression in flaxseed was determined by histochemical and activity assays of GUS. The result showed that SDG was synthesized and accumulated in the parenchymatous cell layer of the outer integument of flaxseed coats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Fang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyJena, Germany
| | - Aïna Ramsay
- EA3900 – BioPI Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Picardie Jules VerneAmiens, France
| | - Sullivan Renouard
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, UPRES EA 1207, Antenne Scientifique Universitaire de Chartres, Université d’OrléansChartres, France
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, UPRES EA 1207, Antenne Scientifique Universitaire de Chartres, Université d’OrléansChartres, France
| | - Frédéric Lamblin
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, UPRES EA 1207, Antenne Scientifique Universitaire de Chartres, Université d’OrléansChartres, France
| | - Brigitte Chabbert
- INRA, UMR614 Fractionnement des AgroRessources et EnvironnementReims, France
- UMR614 Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement, Université de Reims Champagne-ArdenneReims, France
| | - François Mesnard
- EA3900 – BioPI Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Picardie Jules VerneAmiens, France
- *Correspondence: François Mesnard,
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24
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Generation of Triple-Transgenic Forsythia Cell Cultures as a Platform for the Efficient, Stable, and Sustainable Production of Lignans. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144519. [PMID: 26641084 PMCID: PMC4671638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesamin is a furofuran lignan biosynthesized from the precursor lignan pinoresinol specifically in sesame seeds. This lignan is shown to exhibit anti-hypertensive activity, protect the liver from damages by ethanol and lipid oxidation, and reduce lung tumor growth. Despite rapidly elevating demand, plant sources of lignans are frequently limited because of the high cost of locating and collecting plants. Indeed, the acquisition of sesamin exclusively depends on the conventional extraction of particular Sesamum seeds. In this study, we have created the efficient, stable and sustainable sesamin production system using triple-transgenic Forsythia koreana cell suspension cultures, U18i-CPi-Fk. These transgenic cell cultures were generated by stably introducing an RNAi sequence against the pinoresinol-glucosylating enzyme, UGT71A18, into existing CPi-Fk cells, which had been created by introducing Sesamum indicum sesamin synthase (CYP81Q1) and an RNA interference (RNAi) sequence against pinoresinol/lariciresinol reductase (PLR) into F. koreanna cells. Compared to its transgenic prototype, U18i-CPi-Fk displayed 5-fold higher production of pinoresinol aglycone and 1.4-fold higher production of sesamin, respectively, while the wildtype cannot produce sesamin due to a lack of any intrinsic sesamin synthase. Moreover, red LED irradiation of U18i-CPi-Fk specifically resulted in 3.0-fold greater production in both pinoresinol aglycone and sesamin than production of these lignans under the dark condition, whereas pinoresinol production was decreased in the wildtype under red LED. Moreover, we developed a procedure for sodium alginate-based long-term storage of U18i-CPi-Fk in liquid nitrogen. Production of sesamin in U18i-CPi-Fk re-thawed after six-month cryopreservation was equivalent to that of non-cryopreserved U18i-CPi-Fk. These data warrant on-demand production of sesamin anytime and anywhere. Collectively, the present study provides evidence that U18i-CP-Fk is an unprecedented platform for efficient, stable, and sustainable production of sesamin, and shows that a transgenic and specific light-regulated Forsythia cell-based metabolic engineering is a promising strategy for the acquisition of rare and beneficial lignans.
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25
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Dalisay DS, Kim KW, Lee C, Yang H, Rübel O, Bowen BP, Davin LB, Lewis NG. Dirigent Protein-Mediated Lignan and Cyanogenic Glucoside Formation in Flax Seed: Integrated Omics and MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:1231-42. [PMID: 25981198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An integrated omics approach using genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics (MALDI mass spectrometry imaging, MSI), and bioinformatics was employed to study spatiotemporal formation and deposition of health-protecting polymeric lignans and plant defense cyanogenic glucosides. Intact flax (Linum usitatissimum) capsules and seed tissues at different development stages were analyzed. Transcriptome analyses indicated distinct expression patterns of dirigent protein (DP) gene family members encoding (-)- and (+)-pinoresinol-forming DPs and their associated downstream metabolic processes, respectively, with the former expressed at early seed coat development stages. Genes encoding (+)-pinoresinol-forming DPs were, in contrast, expressed at later development stages. Recombinant DP expression and DP assays also unequivocally established their distinct stereoselective biochemical functions. Using MALDI MSI and ion mobility separation analyses, the pinoresinol downstream derivatives, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) and SDG hydroxymethylglutaryl ester, were localized and detectable only in early seed coat development stages. SDG derivatives were then converted into higher molecular weight phenolics during seed coat maturation. By contrast, the plant defense cyanogenic glucosides, the monoglucosides linamarin/lotaustralin, were detected throughout the flax capsule, whereas diglucosides linustatin/neolinustatin only accumulated in endosperm and embryo tissues. A putative biosynthetic pathway to the cyanogens is proposed on the basis of transcriptome coexpression data. Localization of all metabolites was at ca. 20 μm resolution, with the web based tool OpenMSI enabling not only resolution enhancement but also an interactive system for real-time searching for any ion in the tissue under analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doralyn S Dalisay
- †Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340, United States
| | - Kye Won Kim
- †Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340, United States
| | - Choonseok Lee
- †Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340, United States
| | - Hong Yang
- †Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340, United States
| | - Oliver Rübel
- ‡Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Benjamin P Bowen
- §Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Laurence B Davin
- †Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340, United States
| | - Norman G Lewis
- †Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340, United States
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Yamauchi S, Ichikawa H, Nishiwaki H, Shuto Y. Evaluation of plant growth regulatory activity of furofuran lignan bearing a 7,9':7',9-diepoxy structure using optically pure (+)- and (-)-enantiomers. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:5224-8. [PMID: 25955149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The plant growth regulatory activity of furofuran lignan (7,9':7',9-diepoxylignan) was evaluated by employing optically pure synthesized (+)- and (-)-enantiomers. (+)-Sesamin possessing a 3,4-methylenedioxy group on the aromatic rings and 7-aryl structure showed growth promotion activity against lettuce roots (EC50 = 0.50 mM); on the other hand, growth inhibitory activity was observed against lettuce shoots (EC50 = 0.38 mM). Against ryegrass shoots, (-)-sesamolin, which has 3,4-methylenedioxy groups on the aromatic rings and a 7-acetal structure, was effective in showing growth inhibitory activity (EC50 = 0.23 mM). Different activity levels were observed between (+)- and (-)-enantiomers. It was assumed that the 3,4-methylenedioxy group on the aromatic ring was more potent for the plant growth regulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamauchi
- †Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
- §South Ehime Fisheries Research Center, 1289-1 Funakoshi, Ainan, Ehime 798-4292, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ichikawa
- †Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
| | - Hisashi Nishiwaki
- †Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Shuto
- †Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
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Essences in metabolic engineering of lignan biosynthesis. Metabolites 2015; 5:270-90. [PMID: 25946459 PMCID: PMC4495373 DOI: 10.3390/metabo5020270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignans are structurally and functionally diverse phytochemicals biosynthesized in diverse plant species and have received wide attentions as leading compounds of novel drugs for tumor treatment and healthy diets to reduce of the risks of lifestyle-related non-communicable diseases. However, the lineage-specific distribution and the low-amount of production in natural plants, some of which are endangered species, hinder the efficient and stable production of beneficial lignans. Accordingly, the development of new procedures for lignan production is of keen interest. Recent marked advances in the molecular and functional characterization of lignan biosynthetic enzymes and endogenous and exogenous factors for lignan biosynthesis have suggested new methods for the metabolic engineering of lignan biosynthesis cascades leading to the efficient, sustainable, and stable lignan production in plants, including plant cell/organ cultures. Optimization of light conditions, utilization of a wide range of elicitor treatments, and construction of transiently gene-transfected or transgenic lignan-biosynthesizing plants are mainly being attempted. This review will present the basic and latest knowledge regarding metabolic engineering of lignans based on their biosynthetic pathways and biological activities, and the perspectives in lignan production via metabolic engineering.
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