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Cavaco AR, Laureano G, Cunha J, Eiras-Dias J, Matos AR, Figueiredo A. Fatty acid modulation and desaturase gene expression are differentially triggered in grapevine incompatible interaction with biotrophs and necrotrophs. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 163:230-238. [PMID: 33862502 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is prone to fungal and oomycete diseases. Downy and powdery mildews and grey mold, are caused by Plasmopara viticola, Erisiphe necator and Botrytis cinerea, respectively. P. viticola and E. necator are obligatory biotrophs whereas B. cinerea is a necrotroph. In tolerant grapevine cultivars, plant-pathogen interaction induces defence responses, including metabolite and protein accumulation and hypersensitive reaction. Lipid and lipid-derived molecules may have a key role in the activation of defence mechanisms. Previous results suggest that V. vinifera cv Regent tolerance to P. viticola may be mediated in the first hours post inoculation by fatty acid (FA) associated signalling. In the present study we characterized FA modulation in V. vinifera cv Regent leaves upon inoculation with P. viticola, E. necator and B. cinerea and correlated FA modulation with the expression profiles of genes encoding the FA desaturases FAD6 and FAD8. In all the interactions, a progressive desaturation of stearic acid to α-linolenic acid, precursor of jasmonic acid, occurred, which was observed for a longer period against B. cinerea. Our results provide evidence of a distinct FA meditated signalling pattern in grapevine interaction with biotrophs and necrotrophs. While the interaction with the biotrophs may trigger a higher synthesis of polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) at early time-points with a tendency to return to basal levels, the interaction with B. cinerea may trigger a later and more durable induction of PUFA synthesis. In all interactions, membrane fluidity modulation occurred, which may be crucial to maintain cellular function during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Cavaco
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Laureano
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jorge Cunha
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária - Estação Vitivinícola Nacional, Dois Portos, Portugal
| | - José Eiras-Dias
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária - Estação Vitivinícola Nacional, Dois Portos, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Matos
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andreia Figueiredo
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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2
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Liu GT, Wang BB, Lecourieux D, Li MJ, Liu MB, Liu RQ, Shang BX, Yin X, Wang LJ, Lecourieux F, Xu Y. Proteomic analysis of early-stage incompatible and compatible interactions between grapevine and P. viticola. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:100. [PMID: 33931609 PMCID: PMC8087781 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00533-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Wild grapevines can show strong resistance to the downy mildew pathogen P. viticola, but the associated mechanisms are poorly described, especially at early stages of infection. Here, we performed comparative proteomic analyses of grapevine leaves from the resistant genotype V. davidii "LiuBa-8" (LB) and susceptible V. vinifera "Pinot Noir" (PN) 12 h after inoculation with P. viticola. By employing the iTRAQ technique, a total of 444 and 349 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in LB and PN, respectively. The majority of these DEPs were related to photosynthesis, respiration, cell wall modification, protein metabolism, stress, and redox homeostasis. Compared with PN, LB showed fewer downregulated proteins associated with photosynthesis and more upregulated proteins associated with metabolism. At least a subset of PR proteins (PR10.2 and PR10.3) was upregulated upon inoculation in both genotypes, whereas HSP (HSP70.2 and HSP90.6) and cell wall-related XTH and BXL1 proteins were specifically upregulated in LB and PN, respectively. In the incompatible interaction, ROS signaling was evident by the accumulation of H2O2, and multiple APX and GST proteins were upregulated. These DEPs may play crucial roles in the grapevine response to downy mildew. Our results provide new insights into molecular events associated with downy mildew resistance in grapevine, which may be exploited to develop novel protection strategies against this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Tian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- UMR1287 EGFV, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Bian-Bian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - David Lecourieux
- UMR1287 EGFV, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Mei-Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ming-Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Rui-Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bo-Xing Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Li-Jun Wang
- Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fatma Lecourieux
- UMR1287 EGFV, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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3
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Figueiredo J, Cunha J, Eiras-Dias J, Sousa Silva M, Figueiredo A. Pathogen-related specificity of subtilase VVISBT4.19 X1 in the Vitis vinifera defence response. CIÊNCIA E TÉCNICA VITIVINÍCOLA 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/ctv/20203501042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine, Vitis vinifera L., is one of the most cultivated fruit plants worldwide with high economic value. Powdery mildew and gray mold diseases, caused by Erysiphe necator and Botrytis cinerea, respectively, are within the most devastating diseases, which are controlled by using several fungicide applications over a single growing season. A more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative for pest control is associated to the development of breeding programs, in which American and Asian Vitis species, presenting natural resistance characteristics, are crossed with V. vinifera varieties that are susceptible to diseases caused by fungal or oomycete pathogens. As a result, new grapevine varieties that combine the good berry quality with a high degree of resistance to grapevine pathogens are obtained. One example is the Vitis vinifera cv ‘Regent’ that acquired high tolerance degree against E. necator and Plasmopara viticola. To ensure durable resistance introgression in breeding programs, a full understanding of grapevine defence mechanisms is crucial. Previous studies on grapevine-P. viticola pathosystem have suggested the participation of serine proteases in the establishment of the interaction between both organisms, which is the case of VviSBT4.19 X1. The gene expression of this subtilase increases up to 300-fold 6 hours after ‘Regent’ inoculation with P. viticola. Nowadays, no information is available about the participation of subtilases in grapevine response to E. necator and B. cinerea infection. In the present study, the gene expression profile of VviSBT4.19 X1 in the first hours of ‘Regent’ inoculation with E. necator and B. cinerea was analysed to understand its response towards different pathogenic agents.
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Gonçalves MFM, Nunes RB, Tilleman L, Van de Peer Y, Deforce D, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Esteves AC, Alves A. Dual RNA Sequencing of Vitis vinifera during Lasiodiplodia theobromae Infection Unveils Host-Pathogen Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6083. [PMID: 31816814 PMCID: PMC6928909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lasiodiplodia theobromae is one of the most aggressive agents of the grapevine trunk disease Botryosphaeria dieback. Through a dual RNA-sequencing approach, this study aimed to give a broader perspective on the infection strategy deployed by L. theobromae, while understanding grapevine response. Approximately 0.05% and 90% of the reads were mapped to the genomes of L. theobromae and Vitis vinifera, respectively. Over 2500 genes were significantly differentially expressed in infected plants after 10 dpi, many of which are involved in the inducible defense mechanisms of grapevines. Gene expression analysis showed changes in the fungal metabolism of phenolic compounds, carbohydrate metabolism, transmembrane transport, and toxin synthesis. These functions are related to the pathogenicity mechanisms involved in plant cell wall degradation and fungal defense against antimicrobial substances produced by the host. Genes encoding for the degradation of plant phenylpropanoid precursors were up-regulated, suggesting that the fungus could evade the host defense response using the phenylpropanoid pathway. The up-regulation of many distinct components of the phenylpropanoid pathway in plants supports this hypothesis. Moreover, genes related to phytoalexin biosynthesis, hormone metabolism, cell wall modification enzymes, and pathogenesis-related proteins seem to be involved in the host responses observed. This study provides additional insights into the molecular mechanisms of L. theobromae and V. vinifera interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micael F. M. Gonçalves
- Department of Biology, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.F.M.G.); (R.B.N.)
| | - Rui B. Nunes
- Department of Biology, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.F.M.G.); (R.B.N.)
| | - Laurentijn Tilleman
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Campus Heymans, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.T.); (D.D.); (F.V.N.)
| | - Yves Van de Peer
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium;
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Dieter Deforce
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Campus Heymans, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.T.); (D.D.); (F.V.N.)
| | - Filip Van Nieuwerburgh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Campus Heymans, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (L.T.); (D.D.); (F.V.N.)
| | - Ana C. Esteves
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Estrada da Circunvalação, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal;
| | - Artur Alves
- Department of Biology, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.F.M.G.); (R.B.N.)
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Li Y, Feng Y, Lü Q, Yan D, Liu Z, Zhang X. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Plant-Pathogen Interactions in Resistant and Susceptible Poplar Ecotypes Infected with Botryosphaeria dothidea. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2019; 109:2009-2021. [PMID: 31369364 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-12-18-0452-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Poplar are important forestry species in China, but the Botryosphaeria dothidea pathogen causes serious economic losses worldwide. To identify candidate B. dothidea resistance proteins and explore the molecular mechanisms involved in poplar-pathogen interactions, proteomic responses of stem samples from resistant and susceptible poplar ecotypes to B. dothidea were investigated using nanoflow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with label-free quantitative analysis. We identified 588 proteins, divided into 21 biological process categories including 48 oxidoreductases, 72 hydrolytic enzymes, 80 metabolic enzymes, and 29 proteins of unknown function. Differential proteome analysis revealed large differences between resistant Populus tomentosa Carr and susceptible Populus beijingensis Hsu ecotypes before and after inoculation. Among 102 identified proteins, 22 were highly upregulated in the resistant genotype but downregulated in the susceptible genotype. Proteins induced in P. tomentosa Carr in response to B. dothidea are associated with plant defenses including oxidoreductase activity (catalase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and superoxide dismutase), phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism (alcohol dehydrogenase), photosynthesis (ATP synthase subunit alpha, ATP synthase gamma chain, photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A2, photosystem II CP47 chlorophyll apoprotein), carbon fixation (pyruvate kinase, triosephosphate isomerase, malic enzyme, phosphoglycerate kinase, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, and ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain), and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis (fructose-bisphosphate aldolase). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis identified 168 proteins related to metabolic pathways, 41 proteins related to the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids, and 36 proteins related to the biosynthesis of plant hormones, the biosynthesis of alkaloids derived from ornithine, lysine, and nicotinic acid, and photosynthesis in response to B. dothidea. Our findings provide insight into plant-pathogen interactions in resistant and susceptible poplar ecotypes infected with B. dothidea and could assist the development of novel strategies for fighting poplar canker disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxia Li
- Laboratory of Forest Pathogen Integrated Biology, Research Institute of Forestry New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuqian Feng
- Laboratory of Forest Pathogen Integrated Biology, Research Institute of Forestry New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Quan Lü
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Donghui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an 271018, China
| | - Xingyao Zhang
- Laboratory of Forest Pathogen Integrated Biology, Research Institute of Forestry New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Im SH, Klochkova TA, Lee DJ, Gachon CMM, Kim GH. Genetic toolkits of the red alga Pyropia tenera against the three most common diseases in Pyropia farms. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2019; 55:801-815. [PMID: 30897208 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Disease outbreaks devastate Pyropia aquaculture farms every year. The three most common and serious diseases are Olpidiopsis-blight and red-rot disease caused by oomycete pathogens and green-spot disease caused by the PyroV1 virus. We hypothesized that a basic genetic profile of molecular defenses will be revealed by comparing and analyzing the genetic response of Pyropia tenera against the above three pathogens. RNAs isolated from infected thalli were hybridized onto an oligochip containing 15,115 primers designed from P. tenera expressed sequence tags (EST)s. Microarray profiles of the three diseases were compared and interpreted together with histochemical observation. Massive amounts of reactive oxygen species accumulated in P. tenera cells exposed to oomycete pathogens. Heat shock genes and serine proteases were the most highly up-regulated genes in all infection experiments. Genes involved in RNA metabolism, ribosomal proteins and antioxidant metabolism were also highly up-regulated. Genetic profiles of P. tenera in response to pathogens were most similar between the two biotrophic pathogens, Olpidiopsis pyropiae and PyroV1 virus. A group of plant resistance genes were specifically regulated against each pathogen. Our results suggested that disease response in P. tenera consists of a general constitutive defense and a genetic toolkit against specific pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hyun Im
- Department of Biology, Kongju National University, Kongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Tatyana A Klochkova
- Department of Biology, Kongju National University, Kongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Jeoung Lee
- Department of Biology, Kongju National University, Kongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Claire M M Gachon
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, PA37 1QA, UK
| | - Gwang Hoon Kim
- Department of Biology, Kongju National University, Kongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
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Perutka Z, Šufeisl M, Strnad M, Šebela M. High-proline proteins in experimental hazy white wine produced from partially botrytized grapes. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2019; 66:398-411. [PMID: 30715757 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Undesirable effects of the pathogen Botrytis cinerea include reduced quality and quantity of wine grapes. Winemaking is also complicated by the formation of a protein haze in white wines and oxidative browning of red wines. We analyzed proteins in experimental Moravian white wines characterized by their instability and haze formation in bottles during storage despite prior bentonite treatment. To study the relationship of wine proteins and haze, we carried out proteomics on hazy and clear white wines produced with partly or largely botrytized grapes and standard reference wines. Wine proteins were identified after their extraction, electrophoresis, and tryptic digestion by reversed-phase liquid chromatography of peptides, coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Plant defense proteins, yeast glycoproteins, and various enzymes from Botrytis, particularly hydrolases, were found. As the content of the known haze-active thaumatin-like proteins and chitinases was visually low on stained gels (missing bands) compared to previous studies with unfined wines, other proteins are discussed in terms of the haze formation. As the main novelty, this work reveals the role of high proline-containing proteins in the propensity of white wines to turbidity following prior Botrytis damage of grapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Perutka
- Department of Protein Biochemistry and Proteomics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Šebela
- Department of Protein Biochemistry and Proteomics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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8
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Stempien E, Goddard ML, Leva Y, Bénard-Gellon M, Laloue H, Farine S, Kieffer-Mazet F, Tarnus C, Bertsch C, Chong J. Secreted proteins produced by fungi associated with Botryosphaeria dieback trigger distinct defense responses in Vitis vinifera and Vitis rupestris cells. PROTOPLASMA 2018; 255:613-628. [PMID: 29043572 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine trunk diseases (Eutypa dieback, esca and Botryosphaeria dieback) are caused by a complex of xylem-inhabiting fungi, which severely reduce yields in vineyards. Botryosphaeria dieback is associated with Botryosphaeriaceae. In order to develop effective strategies against Botryosphaeria dieback, we investigated the molecular basis of grapevine interactions with a virulent species, Neofusicoccum parvum, and a weak pathogen, Diplodia seriata. We investigated defenses induced by purified secreted fungal proteins within suspension cells of Vitis (Vitis rupestris and Vitis vinifera cv. Gewurztraminer) with putative different susceptibility to Botryosphaeria dieback. Our results show that Vitis cells are able to detect secreted proteins produced by Botryosphaeriaceae, resulting in a rapid alkalinization of the extracellular medium and the production of reactive oxygen species. Concerning early defense responses, N. parvum proteins induced a more intense response compared to D. seriata. Early and late defense responses, i.e., extracellular medium alkalinization, cell death, and expression of PR defense genes were stronger in V. rupestris compared to V. vinifera, except for stilbene production. Secreted Botryosphaeriaceae proteins triggered a high accumulation of δ-viniferin in V. vinifera suspension cells. Artificial inoculation assays on detached canes with N. parvum and D. seriata showed that the development of necrosis is reduced in V. rupestris compared to V. vinifera cv. Gewurztraminer. This may be related to a more efficient induction of defense responses in V. rupestris, although not sufficient to completely inhibit fungal colonization. Overall, our work shows a specific signature of defense responses depending on the grapevine genotype and the fungal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Stempien
- Laboratoire Vigne Biotechnologie et Environnement LVBE EA 3991, Université de Haute-Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, BP 68008, Colmar Cedex, France
| | - M-L Goddard
- Laboratoire Vigne Biotechnologie et Environnement LVBE EA 3991, Université de Haute-Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, BP 68008, Colmar Cedex, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Bio-organique COB EA 4566, Université de Haute-Alsace, 3bis rue Alfred Werner, BP 68093, Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Y Leva
- Laboratoire Vigne Biotechnologie et Environnement LVBE EA 3991, Université de Haute-Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, BP 68008, Colmar Cedex, France
| | - M Bénard-Gellon
- Laboratoire Vigne Biotechnologie et Environnement LVBE EA 3991, Université de Haute-Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, BP 68008, Colmar Cedex, France
| | - H Laloue
- Laboratoire Vigne Biotechnologie et Environnement LVBE EA 3991, Université de Haute-Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, BP 68008, Colmar Cedex, France
| | - S Farine
- Laboratoire Vigne Biotechnologie et Environnement LVBE EA 3991, Université de Haute-Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, BP 68008, Colmar Cedex, France
| | - F Kieffer-Mazet
- Laboratoire Vigne Biotechnologie et Environnement LVBE EA 3991, Université de Haute-Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, BP 68008, Colmar Cedex, France
| | - C Tarnus
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Bio-organique COB EA 4566, Université de Haute-Alsace, 3bis rue Alfred Werner, BP 68093, Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - C Bertsch
- Laboratoire Vigne Biotechnologie et Environnement LVBE EA 3991, Université de Haute-Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, BP 68008, Colmar Cedex, France
| | - J Chong
- Laboratoire Vigne Biotechnologie et Environnement LVBE EA 3991, Université de Haute-Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, BP 68008, Colmar Cedex, France.
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9
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Zaini PA, Nascimento R, Gouran H, Cantu D, Chakraborty S, Phu M, Goulart LR, Dandekar AM. Molecular Profiling of Pierce's Disease Outlines the Response Circuitry of Vitis vinifera to Xylella fastidiosa Infection. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:771. [PMID: 29937771 PMCID: PMC6002507 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Pierce's disease is a major threat to grapevines caused by the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa. Although devoid of a type 3 secretion system commonly employed by bacterial pathogens to deliver effectors inside host cells, this pathogen is able to influence host parenchymal cells from the xylem lumen by secreting a battery of hydrolytic enzymes. Defining the cellular and biochemical changes induced during disease can foster the development of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing the pathogen fitness and increasing plant health. To this end, we investigated the transcriptional, proteomic, and metabolomic responses of diseased Vitis vinifera compared to healthy plants. We found that several antioxidant strategies were induced, including the accumulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and polyamine metabolism, as well as iron and copper chelation, but these were insufficient to protect the plant from chronic oxidative stress and disease symptom development. Notable upregulation of phytoalexins, pathogenesis-related proteins, and various aromatic acid metabolites was part of the host responses observed. Moreover, upregulation of various cell wall modification enzymes followed the proliferation of the pathogen within xylem vessels, consistent with the intensive thickening of vessels' secondary walls observed by magnetic resonance imaging. By interpreting the molecular profile changes taking place in symptomatic tissues, we report a set of molecular markers that can be further explored to aid in disease detection, breeding for resistance, and developing therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo A. Zaini
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Rafael Nascimento
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Hossein Gouran
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Dario Cantu
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Sandeep Chakraborty
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - My Phu
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Luiz R. Goulart
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Abhaya M. Dandekar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Abhaya M. Dandekar,
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Haile ZM, Pilati S, Sonego P, Malacarne G, Vrhovsek U, Engelen K, Tudzynski P, Zottini M, Baraldi E, Moser C. Molecular analysis of the early interaction between the grapevine flower and Botrytis cinerea reveals that prompt activation of specific host pathways leads to fungus quiescence. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:1409-1428. [PMID: 28239986 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Grape quality and yield can be impaired by bunch rot, caused by the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea. Infection often occurs at flowering, and the pathogen stays quiescent until fruit maturity. Here, we report a molecular analysis of the early interaction between B. cinerea and Vitis vinifera flowers, using a controlled infection system, confocal microscopy and integrated transcriptomic and metabolic analysis of the host and the pathogen. Flowers from fruiting cuttings of the cultivar Pinot Noir were infected with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labelled B. cinerea and studied at 24 and 96 hours post-inoculation (h.p.i.). We observed that penetration of the epidermis by B. cinerea coincided with increased expression of genes encoding cell-wall-degrading enzymes, phytotoxins and proteases. Grapevine responded with a rapid defence reaction involving 1193 genes associated with the accumulation of antimicrobial proteins, polyphenols, reactive oxygen species and cell wall reinforcement. At 96 h.p.i., the reaction appears largely diminished both in the host and in the pathogen. Our data indicate that the defence responses of the grapevine flower collectively are able to restrict invasive fungal growth into the underlying tissues, thereby forcing the fungus to enter quiescence until the conditions become more favourable to resume pathogenic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeraye Mehari Haile
- Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, 38010, Trentino, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46,, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Pilati
- Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, 38010, Trentino, Italy
| | - Paolo Sonego
- Computational Biology Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, 38010, Trentino, Italy
| | - Giulia Malacarne
- Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, 38010, Trentino, Italy
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Food Quality and Nutrition Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, 38010, Trentino, Italy
| | - Kristof Engelen
- Computational Biology Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, 38010, Trentino, Italy
| | - Paul Tudzynski
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Michela Zottini
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via U. Bassi 58/B,, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Elena Baraldi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46,, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Moser
- Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, 38010, Trentino, Italy
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11
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Cao X, Fan G, Dong Y, Zhao Z, Deng M, Wang Z, Liu W. Proteome Profiling of Paulownia Seedlings Infected with Phytoplasma. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:342. [PMID: 28344590 PMCID: PMC5344924 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Phytoplasma is an insect-transmitted pathogen that causes witches' broom disease in many plants. Paulownia witches' broom is one of the most destructive diseases threatening Paulownia production. The molecular mechanisms associated with this disease have been investigated by transcriptome sequencing, but changes in protein abundance have not been investigated with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation. Previous results have shown that methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) can help Paulownia seedlings recover from the symptoms of witches' broom and reinstate a healthy morphology. In this study, a transcriptomic-assisted proteomic technique was used to analyze the protein changes in phytoplasma-infected Paulownia tomentosa seedlings, phytoplasma-infected seedlings treated with 20 and 60 mg·L-1 MMS, and healthy seedlings. A total of 2,051 proteins were obtained, 879 of which were found to be differentially abundant in pairwise comparisons between the sample groups. Among the differentially abundant proteins, 43 were related to Paulownia witches' broom disease and many of them were annotated to be involved in photosynthesis, expression of dwarf symptom, energy production, and cell signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xibing Cao
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Guoqiang Fan
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Yanpeng Dong
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenli Zhao
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Minjie Deng
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Wenshan Liu
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
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12
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Mutawila C, Stander C, Halleen F, Vivier MA, Mostert L. Response of Vitis vinifera cell cultures to Eutypa lata and Trichoderma atroviride culture filtrates: expression of defence-related genes and phenotypes. PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:863-879. [PMID: 27352313 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-0997-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell suspension cultures of Vitis vinifera cv. Dauphine berries were used to study the response to the vascular pathogen, Eutypa lata, in comparison with a biological control agent, Trichoderma atroviride, that was previously shown to be effective in pruning wound protection. The expression of genes coding for enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway and pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins was profiled over a 48-h period using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. The cell cultures responded to elicitors of both fungi with a hypersensitive-like response that lead to a decrease in cell viability. Similar genes were triggered by both the pathogen and biocontrol agent, but the timing patterns and magnitude of expression was dependent on the specific fungal elicitor. Culture filtrates of both fungi caused upregulation of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), 4-coumaroyl Co-A ligase (CCo-A) and stilbene synthase (STS), and a downregulation of chalcone synthase (CHS) genes. The pathogen filtrate caused a biphasic pattern in the upregulation of PAL and STS genes which was not observed in cells treated with filtrates of the biocontrol agent. Analytical assays showed significantly higher total phenolic content and chitinolytic enzyme activity in the cell cultures treated with the T. atroviride filtrate compared to the pathogen filtrate. These results corresponded well to the higher expression of PAL and chitinase class IV genes. The response of the cell cultures to T. atroviride filtrate provides support for the notion that the wound protection by the biocontrol agent at least partially relies on the induction of grapevine resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mutawila
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - C Stander
- Institute of Wine Biotechnology, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa
| | - F Halleen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
- Plant Protection Division, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbji, Private Bag X5026, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa
| | - M A Vivier
- Institute of Wine Biotechnology, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa
| | - L Mostert
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
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13
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Jiao L, Zhang Y, Lu J. Overexpression of a stress-responsive U-box protein gene VaPUB affects the accumulation of resistance related proteins in Vitis vinifera 'Thompson Seedless'. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 112:53-63. [PMID: 28039816 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Many U-box proteins have been identified and characterized as important factors against environmental stresses such as chilling, heat, salinity and pathogen attack in plant. Our previous research reported the cloning of a novel U-box protein gene VaPUB from Vitis amurensis 'Zuoshanyi' grape and suggested a function of it in related to cold stress in the model plant Arabidopsis system. In this study, the role of VaPUB in response to biotic and abiotic stress was further analyzed in the homologous grapevine system by studying the transcript regulation and the protein accumulation in VaPUB transgenic vines. The expression analysis assay shown that VaPUB was significantly up-regulated 6 h after cold treatment and as early as 2 h post inoculation with Plasmopara viticola, a pathogen causing downy mildew disease in grapevine. Over-expressing VaPUB in V. Vinifera 'Thompson Seedless' affected the microstructure of leaves. The proteome assay shown that the accumulation of pathogenesis-related protein PR10 and many proteins involved in carbon and energy metabolism, oxidation reaction and protein metabolism were significantly altered in transgenic vines. In comparison with wild type plants, the expression level of PR10 family genes was significantly decreased in VaPUB transgenic vines under P. viticola treatment or cold stress. Results from this study showed that the U-box protein gene PUB quickly responded to both biotic stress and abiotic stress and significantly influenced the accumulation of resistance related proteins in grapevine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiao
- The Viticulture and Enology Program, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Center for Viticulture and Enology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- The Viticulture and Enology Program, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jiang Lu
- The Viticulture and Enology Program, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Center for Viticulture and Enology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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14
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El Rabey HA. Proteome of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Date Palm. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1638:355-363. [PMID: 28755234 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7159-6_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This protocol describes the analysis of date palm proteome under salinity and drought stress conditions to possibly identify proteins involved in stress tolerance. Three-month-old date palm seedlings are subjected to drought (27.5 g/L polyethylene glycol 6000) and salinity stress conditions (16 g/L NaCl) for 1 month prior to leaf sample analysis. Differential in gel electrophoresis (DIGE) analysis of protein extracts identifies the sensitive proteins that respond to abiotic stress. Mass spectrometric analysis identifies the significantly changed proteins under both salt and drought stress. This chapter provides techniques for analyzing the proteome of date palm under salinity and drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haddad A El Rabey
- Bioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Sadat City University, Sadat City, Minufiya, Egypt.
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15
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El Rabey HA, Al-Malki AL, Abulnaja KO. Proteome Analysis of Date Palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) under Severe Drought and Salt Stress. Int J Genomics 2016; 2016:7840759. [PMID: 27840818 PMCID: PMC5093262 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7840759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Date palm cultivars differently tolerate salinity and drought stress. This study was carried out to study the response of date palm to severe salinity and drought based on leaf proteome analysis. Eighteen-month-old date palm plants were subjected to severe salt (48 g/L NaCl) and drought (82.5 g/L PEG or no irrigation) conditions for one month. Using a protein 2D electrophoresis method, 55 protein spots were analyzed using mass spectrometry. ATP synthase CF1 alpha chains were significantly upregulated under all three stress conditions. Changes in the abundance of RubisCO activase and one of the RubisCO fragments were significant in the same spots only for salt stress and drought stress with no irrigation, and oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 2 was changed in different spots. Transketolase was significantly changed only in drought stress with PEG. The expression of salt and drought stress genes of the chosen protein spots was either overexpressed or downexpressed as revealed by the high or low protein abundance, respectively. In addition, all drought tolerance genes due to no irrigation were downregulated. In conclusion, the proteome analysis of date palm under salinity and drought conditions indicated that both salinity and drought tolerance genes were differentially expressed resulting in high or low protein abundance of the chosen protein spots as a result of exposure to drought and salinity stress condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haddad A. El Rabey
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Bioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Sadat City University, Sadat City, Minufiya, Egypt
| | - Abdulrahman L. Al-Malki
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid O. Abulnaja
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Luti S, Caselli A, Taiti C, Bazihizina N, Gonnelli C, Mancuso S, Pazzagli L. PAMP Activity of Cerato-Platanin during Plant Interaction: An -Omic Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060866. [PMID: 27271595 PMCID: PMC4926400 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerato-platanin (CP) is the founder of a fungal protein family consisting in non-catalytic secreted proteins, which work as virulence factors and/or as elicitors of defense responses and systemic resistance, thus acting as PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns). Moreover, CP has been defined an expansin-like protein showing the ability to weaken cellulose aggregates, like the canonical plant expansins do. Here, we deepen the knowledge on CP PAMP activity by the use of a multi-disciplinary approach: proteomic analysis, VOC (volatile organic compound) measurements, and gas exchange determination. The treatment of Arabidopsis with CP induces a differential profile either in protein expression or in VOC emission, as well changes in photosynthetic activity. In agreement with its role of defense activator, CP treatment induces down-expression of enzymes related to primary metabolism, such as RuBisCO, triosephosphate isomerase, and ATP-synthase, and reduces the photosynthesis rate. Conversely, CP increases expression of defense-related proteins and emission of some VOCs. Interestingly, CP exposure triggered the increase in enzymes involved in GSH metabolism and redox homeostasis (glutathione S-transferase, thioredoxin, Cys-peroxiredoxin, catalase) and in enzymes related to the “glucosinolate-myrosinase” system, which are the premise for synthesis of defence compounds, such as camalexin and some VOCs, respectively. The presented results are in agreement with the accepted role of CP as a PAMP and greatly increase the knowledge of plant primary defences induced by a purified fungal elicitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Luti
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Università di Firenze, viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Anna Caselli
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Università di Firenze, viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Cosimo Taiti
- Department of Agri-Food and Environmental Science, Università di Firenze, via delle Idee 30, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Nadia Bazihizina
- Department of Agri-Food and Environmental Science, Università di Firenze, via delle Idee 30, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Cristina Gonnelli
- Department of Biology, Università di Firenze, via Micheli 1, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Stefano Mancuso
- Department of Agri-Food and Environmental Science, Università di Firenze, via delle Idee 30, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Luigia Pazzagli
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Università di Firenze, viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy.
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17
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Armijo G, Schlechter R, Agurto M, Muñoz D, Nuñez C, Arce-Johnson P. Grapevine Pathogenic Microorganisms: Understanding Infection Strategies and Host Response Scenarios. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:382. [PMID: 27066032 PMCID: PMC4811896 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most important fruit crop worldwide. Commercial cultivars are greatly affected by a large number of pathogenic microorganisms that cause diseases during pre- and/or post-harvest periods, affecting production, processing and export, along with fruit quality. Among the potential threats, we can find bacteria, fungi, oomycete, or viruses with different life cycles, infection mechanisms and evasion strategies. While plant-pathogen interactions are cycles of resistance and susceptibility, resistance traits from natural resources are selected and may be used for breeding purposes and for a sustainable agriculture. In this context, here we summarize some of the most important diseases affecting V. vinifera together with their causal agents. The aim of this work is to bring a comprehensive review of the infection strategies deployed by significant types of pathogens while understanding the host response in both resistance and susceptibility scenarios. New approaches being used to uncover grapevine status during biotic stresses and scientific-based procedures needed to control plant diseases and crop protection are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Patricio Arce-Johnson
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago, Chile
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18
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Shiratake K, Suzuki M. Omics studies of citrus, grape and rosaceae fruit trees. BREEDING SCIENCE 2016; 66:122-38. [PMID: 27069397 PMCID: PMC4780796 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.66.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent advance of bioinformatics and analytical apparatuses such as next generation DNA sequencer (NGS) and mass spectrometer (MS) has brought a big wave of comprehensive study to biology. Comprehensive study targeting all genes, transcripts (RNAs), proteins, metabolites, hormones, ions or phenotypes is called genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, hormonomics, ionomics or phenomics, respectively. These omics are powerful approaches to identify key genes for important traits, to clarify events of physiological mechanisms and to reveal unknown metabolic pathways in crops. Recently, the use of omics approach has increased dramatically in fruit tree research. Although the most reported omics studies on fruit trees are transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, and a few is reported on hormonomics and ionomics. In this article, we reviewed recent omics studies of major fruit trees, i.e. citrus, grapevine and rosaceae fruit trees. The effectiveness and prospects of omics in fruit tree research will as well be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Shiratake
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University,
Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601,
Japan
- Corresponding author (e-mail: )
| | - Mami Suzuki
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University,
Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601,
Japan
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