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Weiser M, Frenkel O, Fenchel D, Tzur D, Sandin S, Janecka M, Levi L, Davidson M, Laor L, Fruchter E, Reichenberg A. Familial clustering of psychiatric disorders and low IQ. Psychol Med 2023; 53:2878-2884. [PMID: 34911593 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721004852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the ICD and DSM differentiate between different psychiatric disorders, these often share symptoms, risk factors, and treatments. This was a population-based, case-control, sibling study examining familial clustering of all psychiatric disorders and low IQ, using data from the Israel Draft-Board Registry on all Jewish adolescents assessed between 1998 and 2014. METHODS We identified all cases with autism spectrum disorder (ASD, N = 2128), severe intellectual disability (ID, N = 9572), attention-deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) (N = 3272), psychotic (N = 7902), mood (N = 9704), anxiety (N = 10 606), personality (N = 24 816), or substance/alcohol abuse (N = 791) disorders, and low IQ (⩾2 SDs below the population mean, N = 31 186). Non-CNS control disorders were adolescents with Type-1 diabetes (N = 2427), hernia (N = 29 558) or hematological malignancies (N = 931). Each case was matched with 10 age-matched controls selected at random from the Draft-Board Registry, with replacement, and for each case and matched controls, we ascertained all full siblings. The main outcome measure was the relative recurrence risk (RRR) of the sibling of a case having the same (within-disorder RRR) or a different (across-disorder RRR) disorder. RESULTS Within-disorder RRRs were increased for all diagnostic categories, ranging from 11.53 [95% confidence interval (CI): 9.23-14.40] for ASD to 2.93 (95% CI: 2.80-3.07) for personality disorders. The median across-disorder RRR between any pair of psychiatric disorders was 2.16 (95% CI: 1.45-2.43); the median RRR between low IQ and any psychiatric disorder was 1.37 (95% CI: 0.93-1.98). There was no consistent increase in across-disorder RRRs between the non-CNS disorders and psychiatric disorders and/or low IQ. CONCLUSION These large population-based study findings suggest shared etiologies among most psychiatric disorders, and low IQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Weiser
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Or Frenkel
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Daphna Fenchel
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Dorit Tzur
- Medical Corps, Israel Defense Force, Israel
| | - Sven Sandin
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Magdalena Janecka
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Linda Levi
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | | | - Eyal Fruchter
- Medical Corps, Israel Defense Force, Israel
- Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
- Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Abraham Reichenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Zhang R, Kuja-Halkola R, Birgegård A, Larsson H, Lichtenstein P, Bulik CM, Bergen SE. Association of family history of schizophrenia and clinical outcomes in individuals with eating disorders. Psychol Med 2023; 53:371-378. [PMID: 33926592 PMCID: PMC9899560 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721001574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial co-aggregation studies of eating disorders (EDs) and schizophrenia reveal shared genetic and environment factors, yet their etiological and clinical relationship remains unclear. We evaluate the influence of schizophrenia family history on clinical outcomes of EDs. METHODS We conducted a cohort evaluation of the association between family history of schizophrenia and ED clinical features, psychiatric comorbidities, and somatic and mental health burden in individuals born in Sweden 1977-2003 with anorexia nervosa (AN) or other EDs (OED: bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, and ED not otherwise specified). RESULTS Of 12 424 individuals with AN and 20 716 individuals with OED, 599 (4.8%) and 1118 (5.4%), respectively, had a family history of schizophrenia (in up to third-degree relatives). Among individuals with AN, schizophrenia in first-degree relatives was significantly associated with increased comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [HR(95% CI) 2.26 (1.27-3.99)], substance abuse disorder (SUD) [HR (95% CI) 1.93 (1.25-2.98)], and anxiety disorders [HR (95% CI) 1.47 (1.08-2.01)], but higher lowest illness-associated body mass index (BMI) [1.14 kg/m2, 95% CI (0.19-2.10)]. Schizophrenia in any relative (up to third-degree) in AN was significantly associated with higher somatic and mental health burden, but lower ED psychopathology scores [-0.29, 95% CI (-0.54 to -0.04)]. Schizophrenia in first-degree relatives in individuals with OED was significantly associated with increased comorbid ADHD, obsessive-compulsive disorder, SUD, anxiety disorders, somatic and mental health burden, and suicide attempts. CONCLUSIONS We observed different patterns of ED-related outcomes, psychiatric comorbidity, and illness burden in individuals with EDs with and without family histories of schizophrenia and provide new insights into the diverse manifestations of EDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyue Zhang
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ralf Kuja-Halkola
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Birgegård
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrik Larsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Paul Lichtenstein
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cynthia M. Bulik
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Sarah E. Bergen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Traumatic Brain Injury Induced Secondary Psychosis in a Young African American Male. Cureus 2022; 14:e30416. [PMID: 36407181 PMCID: PMC9669816 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an intricate process in which the chemical balance and physical structure of the brain are altered. This medical condition's effects range from altered mental status to an irreversible comatose state, and in severe cases even death. TBI affects millions of individuals worldwide on an annual basis. In the United States, approximately 2.87 million TBI-related emergency department (ED) visits were reported in 2014, and nearly 43% of these cases will experience long-term disabilities. These disabilities have both short- and long-term consequences on health, ranging from physical, emotional, and psychosocial changes in an individual. The goal of this case report is to highlight the morbidity of patients with TBI, with a key focus on TBI-induced secondary psychosis. While many patients recover from their symptoms of TBI within weeks to months, a subdivision of patients with TBI has permanent damage that will significantly affect the quality of their daily lives. TBI-induced secondary psychosis is the new onset of psychosis that can comprise visual, auditory, and tactile hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thoughts. In this case report, the patient is a 22-year-old African American male who suffered a TBI at the age of 16. Prior to the patient's TBI sustained in 2016, the patient did not have a hospital record of past psychiatric illness. In addition, the patient's family history did not show evidence of schizophrenia, bipolar, or depression in close or distant relatives. The patient presented to the ED for a psychiatric evaluation due to psychotic behavior. In this case report, we will discuss the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and other secondary causes of TBI-induced secondary psychosis.
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Léger M, Wolff V, Kabuth B, Albuisson E, Ligier F. The mood disorder spectrum vs. schizophrenia decision tree: EDIPHAS research into the childhood and adolescence of 205 patients. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:194. [PMID: 35300648 PMCID: PMC8932125 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03835-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The early detection of patients at risk of developing schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and more broadly mood spectrum disorder, is a public health concern. The phenotypical overlap between the prodromes in these disorders calls for a simultaneous investigation into both illness trajectories. METHOD This is an epidemiological, retrospective, multicentre, descriptive study conducted in the Grand-Est region of France in order to describe and compare early symptoms in 205 patients: 123 of which were diagnosed with schizophrenia and 82 with bipolar disorder or mood spectrum disorder. Data corresponding to the pre-morbid and prodromal phases, including a timeline of their onset, were studied in child and adolescent psychiatric records via a data grid based on the literature review conducted from birth to 17 years of age. RESULTS Two distinct trajectories were highlighted. Patients with schizophrenia tended to present more difficulties at each developmental stage, with the emergence of negative and positive behavioural symptoms during adolescence. Patients with mood spectrum disorder, however, were more likely to exhibit anxiety and then mood-related symptoms. Overall, our results corroborate current literature findings and are consistent with the neurodevelopmental process. We succeeded in extracting a decision tree with good predictability based on variables relating to one diagnosis: 77.6% of patients received a well-indexed diagnosis. An atypical profile was observed in future mood spectrum disorder patients as some exhibited numerous positive symptoms alongside more conventional mood-related symptoms. CONCLUSION The combination of all these data could help promote the early identification of high-risk patients thereby facilitating early prevention and appropriate intervention in order to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Léger
- Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent [University Department of Childhood and Adolescent Psychiatry], Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy [Nancy Psychotherapy Centre], F-54520 Laxou, France
| | - Vanessa Wolff
- Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent [University Department of Childhood and Adolescent Psychiatry], Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy [Nancy Psychotherapy Centre], F-54520 Laxou, France
| | - Bernard Kabuth
- Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent [University Department of Childhood and Adolescent Psychiatry], Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy [Nancy Psychotherapy Centre], F-54520 Laxou, France ,grid.29172.3f0000 0001 2194 6418EA 4432, PRISME, Université de Lorraine [Lorraine University], Laxou, France
| | - Eliane Albuisson
- grid.410527.50000 0004 1765 1301DRCI UMDS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Nancy University Hospital, Laxou, France
| | - Fabienne Ligier
- Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent [University Department of Childhood and Adolescent Psychiatry], Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy [Nancy Psychotherapy Centre], F-54520, Laxou, France. .,EA 4360 APEMAC, Université de Lorraine, Laxou, France.
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5
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Chaudhury S, Dhamija S, Davis S, Gupta N, Mujawar S, Saldanha D. Prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women with schizophrenia: A prospective study. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF DR. D.Y. PATIL VIDYAPEETH 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_917_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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6
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Law S, Andermann L, Chow W, Luo XW, Wang X. Experiences of Family Burden in Caring for the Severely Mentally Ill in a Foreign Land: A Qualitative Study of Chinese Immigrant Families in Toronto, Canada. Transcult Psychiatry 2021; 58:745-758. [PMID: 33757329 PMCID: PMC8673937 DOI: 10.1177/13634615211000552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
There is a relative dearth of qualitative studies on the actual experiences of families caring for members suffering from serious mental illness, and even less is known about disadvantaged ethnic minority immigrant families. This explorative qualitative study examines the burden experienced by 15 family members of Chinese immigrant background in Toronto, Canada. Six common themes emerged from the study: 1) significant worries about not being able to take care of ill members in the future; 2) on-going strain and changed family life; 3) pervasive social stigma, discrimination and lack of resources; 4) general appreciation of Canadian health and welfare systems and opportunities; 5) cultural factors and beliefs uniquely shape families' support and caring commitment; and 6) families find various ways to cope and help themselves. Opportunities for improved care delivery based on these understandings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Law
- Community Mental Health Services, Mount Sinai
Hospital, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto,
Canada
| | - Lisa Andermann
- Community Mental Health Services, Mount Sinai
Hospital, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto,
Canada
| | - Wendy Chow
- Community Mental Health Services, Mount Sinai
Hospital, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto,
Canada
| | - Xing Wei Luo
- Medical Psychological Institute, Second Xiangya
Hospital of Central South University, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Medical Psychological Institute, Second Xiangya
Hospital of Central South University, P.R. China
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7
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Familial co-aggregation of schizophrenia and eating disorders in Sweden and Denmark. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:5389-5397. [PMID: 32382133 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0749-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Eating disorders and schizophrenia are both moderately to highly heritable and share significant genetic risk despite distinct diagnostic criteria. Large-scale family studies on the co-aggregation of these disorders are lacking. Thus, we aimed to estimate the co-occurrence and familial co-aggregation of these disorders within the entire Swedish and Danish population. The proband cohort consisted of individuals born in Sweden (1977-2003) and Denmark (1984-2006) and still residing in their respective country at age six (NSweden = 2,535,191, NDenmark = 1,382,367). Probands were linked to their biological parents, siblings, grandparents, uncles/aunts, and cousins. Diagnoses for anorexia nervosa (AN) and other eating disorders (OED: bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, and eating disorder not otherwise specified) for probands and schizophrenia diagnoses for both probands and relatives were obtained. The likelihood of having schizophrenia in those with AN or OED and their relatives was compared with individuals without eating disorder diagnoses and their relatives. Probands with AN or OED were more likely to have schizophrenia than probands without these disorders. All relatives of probands with AN or OED (except parents and uncles/aunts of probands with AN) were at increased risk of schizophrenia. In general, the magnitude of odds ratios attenuated with decreasing genetic relatedness. These results suggest familial liability contributes to the association between eating disorders and schizophrenia. Clinicians should be mindful of this comorbid and co-aggregation pattern as it may influence case conceptualization and treatment decisions.
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8
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Liu N, Zhou H, Xiong X, Li Q, Jiang X, Zhao J, Yang X, Zhang M, Wang X, Wang G, Yang F, Hu J, Zhang X, Du L, Li H, Feng B, Hu Z, Chen Z, Wang C, Wang X, Zhang J, Liu T, Jia F, Sun X, Xu X, Meng H, Wang G, Zhang N, Mei Q, Tan Q, Peng C, Li J, Lu Z. Clinical characteristics of familial schizophrenia. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2021; 13:e12422. [PMID: 33053613 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A family history of psychiatric disorders is one of the strongest risk factors for schizophrenia. The characteristics of patients with a family history of psychiatric disorders have not been systematically evaluated. METHODS This multicenter study (26 centers, 2425 cases) was performed in a Chinese population to examine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of schizophrenia patients with a family history of psychotic disorders in comparison with those of patients with sporadic schizophrenia. RESULTS Nineteen percent of patients had a family history of mental disease. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that ≥4 hospitalizations (OR = 1.78, P = .004), tobacco dependence (OR = 1.48, P = .006), alcohol dependence (OR = 1.74, P = .013), and physical illness (OR = 1.89, P = .001) were independently and significantly associated with a family history of mental disease. CONCLUSION Patients with a family history of mental disorders present different demographics and clinical features than patients without a family history of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Tongji Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyu Xiong
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Tongji Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefeng Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoxin Yang
- Editorial Office, Chinese Journal of Psychiatry, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyuan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangqun Wang
- Beijing Mental Health Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fude Yang
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical Universtiy, Harbin, China
| | - Xinjun Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tianjing Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingyang Du
- Department of Psychiatry, Xiaoshan Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huichun Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Feng
- Department of Psychiatry, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Zuoming Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chunxia Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao Seventh People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Xilin Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangzhou Psychiatric Hospital, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinbei Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiebang Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fujun Jia
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangdong Mental Health Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Xueli Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiufeng Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Huaqing Meng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gaohua Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiyi Mei
- Department of Psychiatry, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Qingrong Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunqing Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Tongji Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Taylor JH, Asabere N, Calkins ME, Moore TM, Tang SX, Xavier RM, Merikangas AK, Wolf DH, Almasy L, Gur RC, Gur RE. Characteristics of youth with reported family history of psychosis spectrum symptoms in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort. Schizophr Res 2020; 216:104-110. [PMID: 31883930 PMCID: PMC7239716 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the impact of family history of psychosis on youth from community samples. To fill this gap, we compared youth with a first-degree relative with psychosis spectrum symptoms (i.e. family history of psychosis spectrum symptoms, FHPS) to youth without FHPS in a cross-sectional analysis of the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (PNC). The PNC is a racially diverse community sample of 9498 youth ages 8-21 years old, of whom 8928 completed the Family Interview for Genetic Studies to determine FHPS status. Polygenic risk score for schizophrenia (PRSS) was available for a subsample of 4433 European Americans. FHPS youth (n = 489) constituted 5.5% of the analytic sample. After adjusting for environmental risk factors (sociodemographic variables and traumatic stressful events), FHPS youth had lower functioning on the Children's Global Assessment Scale and elevated psychosis spectrum, mood, externalizing, and fear symptoms compared to non-FHPS youth (all p < .001). In the European-American subsample, FHPS status was associated with poorer functioning and greater symptom burden in all four psychopathology domains (all p < .001), even after covarying for PRSS. Thus, ascertaining FHPS is important because it is uniquely associated with symptoms and functional impairment in community youth beyond PRS-S and the environmental risk factors we investigated. Future research identifying environmental causes of FHPS-associated impairment could inform the development of interventions for the broad array of symptoms observed in FHPS youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome H Taylor
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Perelman School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Nana Asabere
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Perelman School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Monica E Calkins
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Perelman School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tyler M Moore
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Perelman School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sunny X Tang
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Perelman School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rose Mary Xavier
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alison K Merikangas
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Perelman School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel H Wolf
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Perelman School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laura Almasy
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Perelman School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Perelman School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Perelman School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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10
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Dolz M, Tor J, De la Serna E, Pardo M, Muñoz-Samons D, Rodríguez-Pascual M, Puig O, Sugranyes G, Usall J, Sánchez-Gistau V, Baeza I. Characterization of children and adolescents with psychosis risk syndrome: The Children and Adolescents Psychosis Risk Syndrome (CAPRIS) study. Early Interv Psychiatry 2019; 13:1062-1072. [PMID: 30478873 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM Despite the interest in psychosis risk syndrome (PRS) in children and adolescents, information on the syndrome in this population is scarce. METHODS Prospective naturalistic multi-site study in which 10- to 17-year-old help-seeking subjects who met PRS criteria (positive or negative attenuated symptoms; brief limited intermittent psychotic symptoms; genetic risk or schizotypal personality disorder plus impairment in functioning) were included, along with 45 age and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). All subjects were clinically and functionally assessed. RESULTS Ninety-one PRS subjects (PRSS) with a mean age of 15.5 ± 1.4 met inclusion criteria (IC). Compared with HC, PRSS presented worse global and academic functioning in the previous year, had experienced more psychiatric and psychological problems, and presented gestational ages outside the normal range. More than 80% of PRSS met ≥2 IC, with 65.9% having one Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Text Revision diagnosis, and 61.7% of those having ≥2 diagnoses. Some 49.5% of PRSS had a first- or second-degree family history (FH) of psychosis. Patients with first- and second-degree FH do not differ in their clinical expression. CONCLUSIONS Children and adolescents with PRS are a patient group with a pattern of neurodevelopmental impairment and clinical complexity similar to patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, highlighting the importance of assessing these variables in child and adolescent samples. PRSS with first- and second-degree relatives with FH do not present differences in their clinical presentation, suggesting that including these two groups of patients in the genetic risk criteria would enrich knowledge of these criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Dolz
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Sant Joan de Déu Research Insitute, CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Barcelona, Spain.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordina Tor
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Sant Joan de Déu Research Insitute, CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Barcelona, Spain.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena De la Serna
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Universitari of Barcelona. CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), (2014SGR489), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut Clinic of Neurosciences, CERCA-IDIBAPS. (Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer), Hospital Clínic Universitari of Barcelona, Department of Psychiatry and Psychobiology, Health Sciences Division, University of Barcelona, CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Pardo
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Sant Joan de Déu Research Insitute, CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Barcelona, Spain.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Muñoz-Samons
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Sant Joan de Déu Research Insitute, CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Barcelona, Spain.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Pascual
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Sant Joan de Déu Research Insitute, CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Puig
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Universitari of Barcelona. CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), (2014SGR489), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gisela Sugranyes
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Universitari of Barcelona. CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), (2014SGR489), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut Clinic of Neurosciences, CERCA-IDIBAPS. (Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer), Hospital Clínic Universitari of Barcelona, Department of Psychiatry and Psychobiology, Health Sciences Division, University of Barcelona, CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Usall
- Research Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Sánchez-Gistau
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Universitari of Barcelona. CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), (2014SGR489), Barcelona, Spain.,Early Intervention Service, Pere Mata Institut Universitary Hospital, IISPV (Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Vigili), Rovira Virgili University and CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Reus, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Baeza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Universitari of Barcelona. CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), (2014SGR489), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut Clinic of Neurosciences, CERCA-IDIBAPS. (Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer), Hospital Clínic Universitari of Barcelona, Department of Psychiatry and Psychobiology, Health Sciences Division, University of Barcelona, CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Popovic D, Goldberg S, Fenchel D, Frenkel O, Reichenberg A, Yoffe R, Davidson M, Weiser M. Risk of hospitalization for psychiatric disorders among siblings and parents of probands with psychotic or affective disorders: A population-based study. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 28:436-443. [PMID: 29275842 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Relatives of people diagnosed with psychotic and affective disorders have a higher risk of developing psychiatric disorders compared to the general population. This study examined the risk of hospitalization for psychiatric disorders among siblings and parents of patients affected with major psychiatric disorders. In this large population-based case-control study, 17,895 siblings and parents of 7671 hospitalized subjects with a diagnosis of narrowly defined schizophrenia (SZ), broadly defined SZ, schizoaffective disorder (SAD), bipolar disorder (BD) or unipolar depression (UD) were identified from the Israeli Psychiatric Hospitalization Registry and compared to 71,580 age and gender-matched controls from the Israeli Population Registry. Results indicated that siblings of people diagnosed with broadly defined SZ had a significantly higher risk of hospitalization for broadly (OR=11.06, 95% CI=7.93-15.41) and narrowly defined SZ (OR=10.59, 95% CI=6.8-16.33), SAD (OR=9.69, 95% CI=4.76-19.73), BD (OR=7.46, 95% CI=21.8-25.52), UD (OR=2.84, 95% CI=1.01-8.00), and other psychiatric disorders (OR=1.85, 95% CI=1.16-2.93), compared to controls. Siblings of patients with BD had a significantly higher risk of hospitalization for broadly defined SZ (OR=2.92, 95% CI=1.11-7.71) and for other psychiatric disorders (OR=6.67, 95% CI=2.17-20.50), compared to controls. Parents of probands with SZ were at significantly increased risk for all disorders examined, except for UD and ¨other psychiatric disorders¨, which was not significant in parents of probands with BD. This large, population-based study provides evidence for common genetic risk across different psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Popovic
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Israel
| | | | | | - Or Frenkel
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Israel
| | - Abraham Reichenberg
- Departments of Psychiatry and Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rinat Yoffe
- Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Israel
| | - Michael Davidson
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Mark Weiser
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
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12
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Paruk S, Jhazbhay K, Singh K, Sartorius B, Burns JK. The clinical impact of a positive family history of psychosis or mental illness in psychotic and non-psychotic mentally ill adolescents. J Child Adolesc Ment Health 2017; 29:219-229. [PMID: 29092669 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2017.1389741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A family history of psychosis is associated with negative clinical characteristics of psychosis. AIM We aimed to determine the relationship between a family history (in first-degree relatives) of psychosis (FHP) or of any mental illness (FHM), and the clinical features (including cannabis use) of first episode early onset psychosis (EOP). METHOD Forty-five adolescents with first episode EOP presenting to psychiatric services were assessed by clinical interview with the following tools: socio-demographic questionnaire, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Symptom Onset in Schizophrenia (SOS) inventory, and the World Health Organisation's (WHO) Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) for cannabis misuse. Forty-five gender and age matched controls with incident non-psychotic mental illness were recruited from the same clinical sites. RESULTS While there was evidence of trend associations, EOP adolescents and controls did not differ in terms of either FHP or FHM. However, adolescents with a non-psychotic mental illness (controls) were significantly more likely to have a family history of non-psychotic mental illness (EOP = 13%; controls = 47%, p = 0.001). In EOP adolescents, a positive FHP was associated with a significantly lower mean PANSS positive score (p = 0.009), but not with other clinical features. CONCLUSION FHP may be a diagnostic clue in adolescents and is not necessarily associated with negative clinical characteristics at disease onset in EOP. However, this requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeeda Paruk
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban , South Africa
| | - Khatija Jhazbhay
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban , South Africa
| | - Keshika Singh
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban , South Africa
| | - Benn Sartorius
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban , South Africa
| | - Jonathan K Burns
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban , South Africa
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13
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Hernandez M, Barrio C. Perceptions of Subjective Burden Among Latino Families Caring for a Loved One with Schizophrenia. Community Ment Health J 2015; 51:939-48. [PMID: 25952273 PMCID: PMC4619132 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-015-9881-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore perceptions of subjective burden among Latino family members providing care for a loved one with schizophrenia. Data were collected from outpatient community mental health centers and featured 64 Latino family members who were primarily Spanish speaking and of Mexican origin. We used qualitative methods to examine subjective burden based on an open section of the Family Burden Interview Schedule. Five salient themes emerged capturing family members' subjective burden experience: (a) interpersonal family relationships, (b) emotional and physical health, (c) loss of role expectations, (d) religion and spirituality, and (e) stigma. Overall, findings illustrated that families perceived numerous challenges in their caregiving. Implications for research and practice among Latino family members are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Hernandez
- School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Montgomery Ross Fisher Building, 669 W. 34th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Concepción Barrio
- School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Montgomery Ross Fisher Building, 669 W. 34th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
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14
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Seeman MV. Eating disorders and psychosis: Seven hypotheses. World J Psychiatry 2014; 4:112-119. [PMID: 25540726 PMCID: PMC4274583 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v4.i4.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychotic disorders and eating disorders sometimes occur in the same person, and sometimes, but not always, at the same time. This can cause diagnostic confusion and uncertainty about treatment. This paper examines seven ways in which symptoms of both conditions can co-exist. The literature on this topic consists to a large extent of case reports, so that firm conclusions cannot be drawn from their examination. There is no consistent sequence in the co-occurrence of the two conditions-eating disorders sometimes precede, and sometimes follow the onset of psychosis. The advent of the psychosis, and sometimes the treatment of the psychosis can cure the eating disorder, but it can sometimes aggravate it. Psychosis is not necessarily a mark of severity in the course of an eating disorder, and food refusal can occur independent of severity in psychotic illness, but it can be a cause of death. There is some genetic association and some overlap of physiologic, cognitive and brain structure deficits in the two types of disorder. The connection between the two, however, remains speculative. The area of comorbidity and overlapping symptoms in psychiatry requires more research. Clinical recommendations include attention to the different individual ways in which these two disparate conditions often overlap.
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15
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DeVylder JE, Burnette D, Yang LH. Co-occurrence of psychotic experiences and common mental health conditions across four racially and ethnically diverse population samples. Psychol Med 2014; 44:3503-13. [PMID: 25065632 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714000944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research with racially/ethnically homogeneous samples has demonstrated widespread co-occurrence of psychotic experiences (PEs) and common mental health conditions, particularly multi-morbidity, suggesting that psychosis may be related to the overall severity of psychiatric disorder rather than any specific subtype. In this study we aimed to examine whether PEs are associated with the presence of specific disorders or multi-morbidity of co-occurring disorders across four large racially/ethnically diverse samples of adults in the USA. METHOD Data were drawn from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R), the National Survey of American Life (NSAL) and separately from the Asian and Latino subsamples of the National Latino and Asian American Study (NLAAS). Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between PEs and individual subtypes of DSM-IV disorder, and to test for a linear dose-response relationship between the number of subtypes and PEs. RESULTS Prevalence of PEs was moderately greater among individuals with each subtype of disorder in each data set [odds ratios (ORs) 1.8-3.8], although associations were only variably significant when controlling for clinical and demographic variables. However, the sum of disorder subtypes was related to odds for PEs in a linear dose-response fashion across all four samples. CONCLUSIONS PEs are related primarily to the extent or severity of psychiatric illness, as indicated by the presence of multiple psychiatric disorders, rather than to any particular subtype of disorder in these data. This relationship applies to the general population and across diverse racial/ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E DeVylder
- Columbia University School of Social Work,New York, NY,USA
| | - D Burnette
- Columbia University School of Social Work,New York, NY,USA
| | - L H Yang
- Mailman School of Public Health,Columbia University,New York, NY,USA
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16
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Thermenos HW, Keshavan MS, Juelich RJ, Molokotos E, Whitfield-Gabrieli S, Brent BK, Makris N, Seidman LJ. A review of neuroimaging studies of young relatives of individuals with schizophrenia: a developmental perspective from schizotaxia to schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2013; 162B:604-35. [PMID: 24132894 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to identify the developing abnormalities preceding psychosis, Dr. Ming T. Tsuang and colleagues at Harvard expanded Meehl's concept of "schizotaxia," and examined brain structure and function in families affected by schizophrenia (SZ). Here, we systematically review genetic (familial) high-risk (HR) studies of SZ using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), examine how findings inform models of SZ etiology, and suggest directions for future research. Neuroimaging studies of youth at HR for SZ through the age of 30 were identified through a MEDLINE (PubMed) search. There is substantial evidence of gray matter volume abnormalities in youth at HR compared to controls, with an accelerated volume reduction over time in association with symptoms and cognitive deficits. In structural neuroimaging studies, prefrontal cortex (PFC) alterations were the most consistently reported finding in HR. There was also consistent evidence of smaller hippocampal volume. In functional studies, hyperactivity of the right PFC during performance of diverse tasks with common executive demands was consistently reported. The only longitudinal fMRI study to date revealed increasing left middle temporal activity in association with the emergence of psychotic symptoms. There was preliminary evidence of cerebellar and default mode network alterations in association with symptoms. Brain abnormalities in structure, function and neurochemistry are observed in the premorbid period in youth at HR for SZ. Future research should focus on the genetic and environmental contributions to these alterations, determine how early they emerge, and determine whether they can be partially or fully remediated by innovative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Thermenos
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Division of Public Psychiatry, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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17
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Bosanac P, Mancuso S, Castle D. Anxiety symptoms in psychotic disorders. CLINICAL SCHIZOPHRENIA & RELATED PSYCHOSES 2013:1-22. [PMID: 24047760 DOI: 10.3371/csrp.boma.091313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BackgroundThe prevalence of anxiety symptoms among Australians with psychotic disorders was examined as part of the Survey of High Impact Psychosis (SHIP).MethodsA two-phase design was used. Of 7,955 people who were screen positive for psychosis and eligible, 1825 participants (18-34 years and 35-64 years) were interviewed. Data were collected on symptomatology, substance use, cognitive ability, functioning, disability, physical health, mental health service utilisation, medication use, education, employment and housing. Anxiety symptomatology was divided into generalized anxiety, panic, phobic, social anxiety and obsessive-compulsive symptoms.ResultsThe most common ICD-10 diagnoses were schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (63.0%) and bipolar (mania) disorder (17.5%). Overall, 59.8% (n = 1092) of participants reported experiencing anxiety symptoms in the previous 12 months. Female gender was highly associated with all domains of anxiety. Smoking was significantly associated with all domains of anxiety, except generalized anxiety. The presence of any depressive symptoms in the previous 12 months was significantly associated with all anxiety symptoms. Medication side-effects were associated with phobic and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Social dysfunction was associated with social anxiety, and less so for obsessive-compulsive symptoms.ConclusionsAnxiety symptoms are common in people with psychotic disorders. Appropriate screening and treatment should be a clinical priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bosanac
- St Vincent's Mental Health, University of Melbourne, PO Box 2900, Fitzroy 3065, Melbourne Australia
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18
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Ding S, Chen B, Zheng Y, Lu Q, Liu L, Zhuge QC. Association study of OPRM1 polymorphisms with Schizophrenia in Han Chinese population. BMC Psychiatry 2013; 13:107. [PMID: 23560613 PMCID: PMC3641981 DOI: 10.1186/1471-244x-13-107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression of μ-opioid receptor has important role in cognitive dysfunction in Schizophrenia (SZ). The results of studies about the association of polymorphisms of μ-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) with SZ were inconsistent. METHODS We conducted a case-control study to investigate the genetic association between OPRM1 polymorphisms and SZ among the Han chinese population. 264 SZ patients and 264 age-matched control subjects were recruited. Four SNPs of OPRM1 were successfully genotyped by using PCR-RFLP. RESULTS Of four polymorphisms, rs1799971 and rs2075572 were shown to associate with SZ. Compared with the A allele of rs1799971 and C allele of rs2075572, the G allele of rs1799971 and rs2075572 was associated with an almost 0.46-fold risk (OR=0.46, 95% CI: 0.357-0.59, P<0.01) and 0.7-fold risk (OR=0.707, 95% CI: 0.534-0.937, P=0.015) of the occurrence of SZ,. When subjects were divided by gender, rs1799971 remained significant difference only in males (OR=0.309, 95% CI: 0.218-0.439 for G allele, P<0.01), and rs2075572 only in females (OR=0.399, 95% CI: 0.246-0.648 for G allele, P<0.01). In secondary analysis with subsets of patients, the G allele of rs1799971 (compared to the A allele) was associated with a decreased risk of all patients and male patients with apathy symptoms (OR=0.086, 95% CI: 0.048-0.151, P=0.01; OR=0.083, 95% CI: 0.045-0.153, P<0.01), and the G allele of rs2075572 (compared to the C allele) was associated with a decreased risk of all patients and female patients with positive family history (OR=0.468, 95% CI: 0.309-0.71, P<0.01; OR=0.34, 95% CI: 0.195-0.593, P<0.01). In addition, haplotype analysis revealed that two SNP haplotypes (A-C-C-G and G-C-C-A) were associated with decreased risks of SZ (P<0.01). The other two (G-C-C-G and G-G-C-G) with increased risks of SZ (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated for the first time that the OPRM1 polymorphism may be a risk factor for schizophrenia in the Han Chinese. Further studies are needed to give a global view of this polymorphism in pathogenesis of schizophrenia in a large-scale sample, family-based association design or well-defined subgroups of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saidan Ding
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disease Research, Department of Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disease Research, Department of Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Zheng
- Clinical Laboratory, the Fifth People’s Hospital of Ruian city, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qin Lu
- Neurosurgery Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Leping Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disease Research, Department of Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qǐ -Chuan Zhuge
- Neurosurgery Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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