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Khandaker MU, Mokhrizal NFB, Shuaibu HK, Sani SFA, Alzimami K, Bradley DA, Issa SAM, Osman H, Naseer KA, Hanfi MY. Radionuclides transfer from soil-to-tea leaves and concomitant doses to the Malaysian populace. Appl Radiat Isot 2024; 212:111474. [PMID: 39146808 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
One of the most well-liked energizing drinks is now tea, which is primarily used in Malaysia. The natural radioactivity in the associated soils where tea plants are cultivated plays a major role in determining the presence of radionuclides in tea leaves. The present study assesses the transfer of radionuclides from soil-to-tea leaves and then estimates the committed effective doses through tea consumption. Tea leaves and the associated soils were obtained from the largest tea plantation area, which is located in the Cameron Highlands, Malaysia. The marketed tea leaves in powdered form were obtained from the supermarkets in Kuala Lumpur. HPGe gamma-ray spectrometry was used to determine the prevailing concentrations of long-lived radioactive materials in tea leaves. Activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in tea soils ranged from 49 to 101.7 Bq kg-1, 74.5-124.1 Bq kg-1 and 79.6-423.2 Bq kg-1, respectively, while the respective values in tea leaves are 14.4-23.8 Bq kg-1, 12.9-29.5 Bq kg-1 and 297-387.5 Bq kg-1. Transfer factors of radionuclides showed typical values (<1.0) except for the 40K. The threshold tea consumption rates suggest that one should not consume more than 67 g of tea leaves per day (around 4 g of tea leaves are needed for making 1 cup of tea, so 17 cups per day) to avoid negative health effects. Committed effective doses due to tea consumption are found to be lower (5.18-6.08 μSv y-1) than the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (2000) reference dose guidance limit of 290 μSv y-1 for foodstuffs; however, it should be noted that the guidance limit is recommended for all foodstuffs collectively. Providing data on natural radioactivity in tea leaves grown in Malaysia, this study may help people manage a healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies Group, CCDCU, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Graduate Studies, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh.
| | | | - Hauwau Kulu Shuaibu
- Nuclear Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Nigerian Defence Academy, PMB 2109, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - S F Abdul Sani
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khalid Alzimami
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - D A Bradley
- Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies Group, CCDCU, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia; School of Physics and Mathematics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Shams A M Issa
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamid Osman
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 2425, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - K A Naseer
- MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan
| | - Mohamed Y Hanfi
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530 El-Maadi, Cairo, Egypt; Ural Federal University, St. Mira, 19, 620002, Yekaterinburg, Russia
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Oladele BB, Ugbede FO, Arogunjo AM. Study of activity concentrations of 40K, 238U and 232Th for assessment of radiation dose in agricultural soils of southwestern Nigeria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:1640-1651. [PMID: 36041221 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2114593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gamma spectrometric measurement of natural radionuclides activity concentrations by HPGe detectors was conducted in 150 agricultural soil samples collected from six states of southwestern Nigeria. The overall activity concentrations of radionuclides ranged from 15.27 to 972.00 Bqkg-1 for 40K, 0.66 to 336.19 Bqkg-1 for 232Th and 1.32 to 123.01 Bqkg-1 for 238U, with mean values of 143.95, 17.02 and 22.92 Bqkg-1, respectively. The overall averages results from this study were generally lower than worldwide average value of 420, 33 and 45 Bqkg-1 for 40K, 238U and 232Th, respectively, thus minimal transfer to plant may be expected. The estimated radiation dose levels of the soil indicated acceptable limits for general public exposure. The radioactivity levels of 40K, 232Th and 238U in the investigated agricultural soil of southwestern Nigeria are within acceptable limits. Therefore, stochastic radiological health effects of radiation exposure by farmers may not be feasible at the current moment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fredrick Oghenebrorie Ugbede
- Department of Physics with Electronics, Evangel University, Akaeze, Nigeria
- Department of Physics, Dennis Sadebay University, Asaba, Nigeria
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Chandra K, Proshad R, Dey HC, Idris AM. A review on radionuclide pollution in global soils with environmental and health hazards evaluation. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:9245-9266. [PMID: 37578560 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01725-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Human populations are being exposed to a wide spectrum of radiation from soils as a result of the availability of radiation sources. Assessing the ecological and health effects of radionuclides in soils is crucial to support the optimal soil management practices but large-scale studies are limited. This study compiled data on radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, 40K, 238U, and 137Cs) in soils located across the world (44 countries and 159 places) between 2008 and 2022 and applied radiological hazards indices and several multivariate statistical approaches. The average activity concentration (Bq/kg) of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, 238U, and 137Cs were 408.56, 144.80, 508.78, 532.78, and 83.12, respectively, whereas 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, and 238U exceeded the standard limits. The principal component analysis explained more than 91% of variation in soils. Based on the geoaccumulation index, 40K posed moderately to heavy contamination whereas 238U and 226Ra posed moderate contamination in soils. Moreover, the mean values of radiological hazards evaluation such as radium equivalent activity (487.17 Bq/kg), external radiation hazard indices (1.32), internal hazard indices (2.15), absorbed dose rate (247.86 nGyh-1), annual effective dose rate (1.82 mSvy-1), activity utilization index (4.54) and excess lifetime cancer risk (63.84 × 10-4) were higher than recommended limit suggesting significant radiological risks in study region soils. The findings indicated that the study area soils were contaminated by radionuclides and unsafe for hazards in terms of the health risks linked with studied radioactive contents. The study is valuable for mapping radioactivity across the globe to determine the level of radioactivity hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishno Chandra
- Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Ram Proshad
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Hridoy Chandra Dey
- Faculty of Agriculture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Sezgin N, Cumali BO, Aysal N, Kajjumba GW, Nemlioglu S. Radiological hazard assessment of natural radioactivity in Avcilar region, Turkey: a case of Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Avcilar Campus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:1443-1455. [PMID: 35794682 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2098259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K can be found in various concentrations in the surface soil. High concentrations of radionuclides in the surface soil may cause radiological risks. This study investigated natural radioactivity levels and artificial radionuclide (137Cs) levels in the Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar region, Istanbul, Turkey. Radioactivity concentrations were analyzed using the gamma-ray spectrometer. The mean activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, and 137Cs is 28.55, 29.57, 385.72, and 3.09 Bq kg-1, respectively. Radiological parameters radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose equivalent, external hazard index, and excess lifetime cancer risk were calculated using activity concentrations. The radiological parameters values were lower than UNSCEAR values, except for the annual gonadal dose equivalent (approximately 10% higher). There is a strong correlation between radiological parameters and radionuclides. Generally, the activities of radionuclides in the region fall within the recommended limits, thus Istanbul-Avcilar region can be considered safe for settlement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naim Sezgin
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bilge Ozdogan Cumali
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Namik Aysal
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Geology Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - George William Kajjumba
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Semih Nemlioglu
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ugbede FO, Agbajor GK, Akpolile AF, Popoola FA, Okoye ONN, Akpobasahan EA, Umeche MA. Ingestion exposure of public to natural radionuclides and committed effective dose and cancer risk through tuber crops cultivated in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1385. [PMID: 37889342 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11992-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Internal exposure of public to radiation arising from ingestion of natural radionuclides in tuber crops of Ebonyi State origin was investigated in this study. Committed effective doses and lifetime cancer risk of 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th in cassava, cocoyam, water yam, and white yam were calculated. The average activity concentrations of 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th determined by gamma spectrometric Na (TI) detector were, respectively, 199.15 ± 23.51, 77.57 ± 7.98, and 118.20 ± 10.72 Bq/kg in cassava; 146.62 ± 40.69, 43.42 ± 7.63, and 75.61 ± 2.89 Bq/kg in cocoyam; 162.81 ± 20.43, 63.17 ± 11.36, and 81.50 ± 10.27 Bq/kg in water yam; and 184.50 ± 20.22, 80.23 ± 10.93, and 116.29 ± 5.93 Bq/kg in white yam. The total committed effective dose via ingestion aligned in this order of cassava (7.05 mSv/year) > white yam (4.38 mSv/year) > water yam (0.42 mSv/year) > cocoyam (0.21 mSv/year) with overall average dose of 3.12 mSv/year. The values of dose were higher than world average of 0.29 mSv/year given by United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR). The lifetime cancer risk values were above tolerance level of >10-4 prescribed by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), suggesting probable evolvement of radiogenic cancer morbidity. The data presented in this study contributes to baseline information on radiological characteristics of tuber crops in Ebonyi, which would be valuable to WHO/FAO food safety policy in Nigeria and rest of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Felix Adegoke Popoola
- Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Glorious Vision University (Formerly Samuel Adegboyega University), Ogwa, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Okechukwu N N Okoye
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Evangel University, Akaeze, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
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Oladele BB, Ugbede FO, Arogunjo AM, Ajayi OS, Pereira A. Gamma spectroscopy study of soil-plant transfer factor characteristics of 40K, 232Th and 226Ra in some crops cultivated in southwestern region of Nigeria. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19377. [PMID: 37662744 PMCID: PMC10474469 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil-plant transfer factor (TF) is one of the vital variables employed in assessing plants uptake of radionuclides and their transfer to food chain for predictive ingestion dose and risk evaluation. To further this goal, the TF characteristics of natural 40K, 232Th and 226Ra were thus investigated in some crops (yam, cassava, rice, maize, groundnut, cowpea, okra, pumpkin leaf, banana and pawpaw) cultivated in southwestern part of Nigeria using HPGe gamma spectroscopy. The obtained results of activity concentration (AC) of the radionuclides across all the cultivated soil samples indicated average values that are less than the global average, whereas in the crops, average values of 226Ra and 232Th, were higher than reference values for different crops group. The overall range of the calculated TF of 40K, 232Th and 226Ra across all the crops was 0.05 (in maize and cowpea) to 15.01 (in banana), 0.01 (in pumpkin leaf and groundnut) to 19.80 (in pawpaw), and 0.04 (in cassava) to 21.30 (in cowpea), respectively. Overall arithmetic mean and geometric mean were estimated as 2.66 and 1.60, 1.11 and 0.43, and 1.10 and 0.54 for 40K, 232Th and 226Ra, respectively. TFs mostly correlated negatively with soil radionuclides, while positive correlation was mostly noticeable in the case of crop. Log normal transform of the TFs data indicated a near normal distribution as against the calculated data. The derived results of this study is here presented as a baseline data suggested for possible radiological risk assessment of food chain of the local population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Oladele Samuel Ajayi
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Alcides Pereira
- Environmental Radioactivity Department, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Şahin Bal S, Kurşat M, Kuluöztürk MF, Karatepe Çelik Ş, Yılmaz E. Soil to plant transfer of 226Ra, 232Th and 137Cs to some medicinal and aromatic plants growing in Bitlis (Turkey). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2023; 257:107089. [PMID: 36538843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2022.107089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants consumed in Bitlis were analysed for 226Ra, 232Th and 137Cs using HPGe gamma spectroscopy system. Both plant samples and the corresponding soils were analysed. Using these values, the transfer factors for 226Ra, 232Th and 137Cs were calculated in the ranges of (0.09-2.18), (0.01-0.19) and (0.01-2.8), respectively. Based on the plant concentrations observed, unless consumed in excessive amounts, these medicinal plants do not have any radiological harm to health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Şahin Bal
- Bitlis Eren University, Department of Physics, TR-13000, Bitlis, Turkey.
| | - Murat Kurşat
- Bitlis Eren University, Department of Biology, TR-13000, Bitlis, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Fatih Kuluöztürk
- Bitlis Eren University, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, TR-13000, Bitlis, Turkey
| | - Şule Karatepe Çelik
- Bitlis Eren University, Vocational School of Hizan, TR-13000, Bitlis, Turkey
| | - Engin Yılmaz
- Bitlis Eren University, Department of Chemistry, TR-13000, Bitlis, Turkey
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Huang WH, Lin CC, Liu YY, Huang CM, Yeh YL, Chen TC. Activity concentrations and bioconcentration factors (BCFs) of natural radionuclides ( 40 K, 226Ra, and 232Th) from cultivated substrates to mushrooms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:82512-82523. [PMID: 35752669 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21638-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study examined 42 mushroom samples and corresponding cultivated substrates. The radionuclide activity concentrations and bioconcentration factor (BCF) from substrate-to-mushroom were determined. The substrate activity concentrations were 59.1-727.5, 4.5-37.6, and 4.0-53.0 Bq/kg dw (dry weight) for 40 K, 226Ra, and 232Th, respectively. The average 40 K concentrations were 1546.5, 1115.7, and 749.3 Bq/kg dw; the BCFs were 2.49, 3.56, and 5.58 for A. bisporus, F. velutipes, and L. edodes, respectively. The 40 K concentrations were insignificantly correlated with each species' corresponding substrate concentration. The 40 K BCFs had a significantly negative correlation with the substrate concentration for each species. Each mushroom species' 40 K concentration was almost stable, suggesting that 40 K has a regulated homeostasis for a given species. The average 226Ra concentrations were 5.5, 5.4, and 3.4 Bq/kg dw; the BCFs were 0.58, 0.17, and 0.50 for L. edodes, A. bisporus, and F. velutipes, respectively. The average 232Th concentrations were 4.7, 4.7, and 3.0 Bq/kg dw; the BCFs were 0.50, 0.11, and 0.53 for L. edodes, A. bisporus, and F. velutipes, respectively. The 226Ra and 232Th concentrations in mushrooms had a weak to moderate correlation with the cultivated substrate concentrations. The absorption of the 226Ra and 232Th from substrate-to-mushroom was similar to the hypothesis of the linear model that mushroom concentration yields a positive correlation with substrate concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsiang Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chung Lin
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yu Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Min Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lung Yeh
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Pingtung University Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chien Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan.
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Abdel Karim M, Gafaar I, Abd El-Halim E, Hanfi M, Walley El-Dine N. Natural radioactivity and radiological implications of granite rocks, El-Sela area, Southeastern Desert, Egypt. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07992-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hanafi MM, Azizi P, Akinbola ST, Ismail R, Sahibin AR, Wan Mohd Razi I, Ismail AF. Valorization of rare earth processing byproducts for agriculture usage. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15234. [PMID: 34315931 PMCID: PMC8316506 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sandy texture soil, a major problem for agriculture requires structure and capacity improvements. However, utilization of soil conditioner may arrest this problem. This research was carried out to investigate the accumulated levels of metal ions and radionuclides in water, soil and plants following phosphogypsum organic (PG organic) added to a sandy soil for 23-month in 3 cropping seasons. The condition in the field was simulated in the laboratory using an open leaching column for 30-day under constant but different pH of leachant. More ions were released at pH < 4.6 and decreases greatly at pH > 5.6. The metal ions measured in the surface and borehole water, and soils were below the target values for respective standard raw drinking water. The metal ions did not accumulate in soil, plant and grain, and water as indicated by biological accumulation coefficients, contamination factors, I-geo index and pollution load index in a sandy soil that received the PG organic. Naturally occurring radionuclide concentrations, such as 226Ra, 228Ra, and 40K, in soil and plant tissue were found to be lower than the average value reported by several earlier studies. Under field condition the pH of water (i.e., rainfall) was greater than pH 5.6, thus renders PG organic became less soluble. There was no leaching of natural occurring radionuclides to the groundwater. Therefore, the application of PG organic to the studied soil had no impact on the soil, plants, and water and suitable as a soil conditioner in sandy texture soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Musa Hanafi
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Laboratory of Plantation Science and Technology, Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Parisa Azizi
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Nuclear Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sheu Tijani Akinbola
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Nuclear Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Roslan Ismail
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Nuclear Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rahim Sahibin
- Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
- Nuclear Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Idris Wan Mohd Razi
- Centre for Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Nuclear Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aznan Fazli Ismail
- Nuclear Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Centre for Frontier Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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11
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Ugbede FO, Osahon OD. Soil-to-plant transfer factors of 238U and 232Th in rice from Ezillo paddy fields, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2021; 233:106606. [PMID: 33812178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The uptake of radionuclides by plants and their subsequent relocation to the human body through ingestion is one major pathway of human internal exposure. Thus, the present study was conducted to examine the levels of natural radionuclides, 238U and 232Th, in soil of Ezillo paddy fields (field 1 and field 2) at depths 0-4 cm and 4-8 cm, their transfer and accumulation in rice grains. The mean concentrations of both radionuclides in the soil were clearly greater than the UNSCEAR estimated worldwide average while that of the rice with values of 11.7 ± 4.3 and 3.0 ± 1.3 Bq/kg in field 1 and 8.5 ± 4.2 and 4.3 ± 1.6 Bq/kg in field 2 for 238U and 232Th respectively, were well below the worldwide average. The radionuclide transfer factors (TFs) across both depths ranged from 0.03 to 0.67 and 0.01 to 1.20 for 238U and 232Th respectively. The overall geometric means and geometric standard deviations of the TF estimated in field 1 were respectively 0.22 and 1.52 for 238U and 0.18 and 4.21 for 232Th (soil,0-4cm); 0.43 and 1.80 for 238U and 0.18 and 3.79 for 232Th (soil,4-8cm) whereas in field 2 the values were respectively 0.12 and 2.62 for 238U and 0.06 and 4.15 for 232Th (soil,0-4cm); 0.11 and 1.85 for 238U and 0.12 and 4.15 for 232Th (soil,4-8cm). The nuclide concentrations in the rice and the present TFs are within the ranges of values in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrick Oghenebrorie Ugbede
- Department of Physics with Electronics, College of Science, Evangel University, Akaeze, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Department of Physics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin-City, Edo State, Nigeria.
| | - Okhuomaruyi David Osahon
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin-City, Edo State, Nigeria
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12
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Ugbede FO, Osahon OD, Agbalagba EO. Radiological Risk Assessment of 238U, 232Th and 40K in Soil and Their Uptake by Rice Cultivated in CAS Paddy Environment of Abakaliki, Nigeria. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-021-00244-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Gamma spectrometric measurement of natural radionuclides and associated radiation hazards in soil of small-scale paddy farms along Enugu-Abakaliki express way, Southeastern Nigeria. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07671-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Alomari AH, Saleh MA, Hashim S, Al-Hada N, Abukashabeh A, Alsayaheen A, Hamad M. Radiological dose and health impact to Jordanian populace due to radioactivity in staple food crops from four representative soils in Jordan. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07461-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Uosif MAM, Alrowaili ZA, Elsaman R, Mostafa AMA. SOIL-SOYBEAN TRANSFER FACTOR OF NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES IN DIFFERENT SOIL TEXTURES AND THE ASSESSMENT OF COMMITTED EFFECTIVE DOSE. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2020; 188:529-535. [PMID: 32052836 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncaa005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
From three different soil textures (clay, silt and sand), 36 soil and soybeans samples were accumulated from the agricultural area of EL-Mynia governorate in Upper Egypt, between (27°36'19.44″N; 30°30'14.14″ E) and (28°48'28.45″ N; 31°00'32.27″ E). Soil textures were prepared by particle size distribution through a pipette method. Its radioactivity measurements were performed with a NaI (Tl) and 3 × 3 inch crystal. The transfer factor (TF) of natural radionuclides from soil to soybeans was calculated. The value of the TF for 226Ra in clay soil ranges from 0.27 ± 0.03 to 0.42 ± 0.05, in sandy soil it ranges from 0.21 ± 0.02 to 0.57 ± 0.07 and in silt soil it ranges from 0.25 ± 0.03 to 0.53 ± 0.06. The TF for 232Th in clay soil ranges from 0.22 ± 0.03 to 0.90 ± 0.12, in sandy soil it ranges from 0.21 ± 0.03 to 1.00 ± 0.13, while in silt soil it ranges from 0.25 ± 0.03 to 0.88 ± 0.12. The TF for 40K in clay soil ranges from 0.95 ± 0.13 to 2.05 ± 0.29, in sandy soil it ranges from 1.21 ± 0.17 to 2.52 ± 0.35 and in silt soil it ranges and from 1.01 ± 0.14 to 1.46 ± 0.26.The results show that the committed effective dose from soybean consumption is between 54.5 and 103.4 μSv y-1 assuming consumption of 20 kg y-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A M Uosif
- Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azher University, Assiut Branch, 71524 Assiut, Egypt
| | - Z A Alrowaili
- Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reda Elsaman
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azher University, Assiut Branch, 71524 Assiut, Egypt
| | - A M A Mostafa
- Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azher University, Assiut Branch, 71524 Assiut, Egypt
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16
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Al Mutairi AMM, Kabir NA. NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES IN SOIL AND ROOT VEGETABLES IN MALAYSIA: TRANSFER FACTORS AND DOSE ESTIMATES. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2020; 188:47-55. [PMID: 31711202 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncz256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tapioca and sweet potato are the fourth and fifth most consumed crops in Malaysia. The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in these vegetables were assessed from two regions in Malaysia (Kedah and Penang) along with soil samples using gamma ray spectroscopy. The transfer factors of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K from soil to vegetables were calculated, and a dose assessment was performed. The activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in soil samples did not show a significant variation with the regions investigated, and the average values obtained, in Bq/kg, (±SD) were as follows: 80 ± 41, 56 ± 12, 516 ± 119, respectively. The respective average activity concentrations in vegetables were as follows, in Bq/kg: (±SD) 2.0 ± 0.5, 6 ± 2, 153 ± 49. The corresponding transfer factors were calculated to be 0.03, 0.11 and 0.31 for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. The average annual effective doses due to the exposure from soil and ingestion of vegetables were found to lie within the worldwide ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Norlaili A Kabir
- School of Physics, University Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
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17
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Spatial variability and radiation assessment of the radionuclides in soils and sediments around a uranium tailings reservoir, south of China. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07077-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Salih NF. Determination of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in teeth by use of gamma spectroscopy. ISOTOPES IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH STUDIES 2019; 55:80-91. [PMID: 30241441 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2018.1520708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study entails the measurement of the specific activity of natural radionuclides (226Ra, 40K and 232Th) in 18 tooth samples obtained from the clinic of the Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, by using an HPGe detector. The specific activity of 226Ra, 40K and 232Th was measured to estimate the hazard index of the radionuclides, radium equivalent activities (Raeq), external, internal hazard indices (Hex, Hin), and absorbed dose (Dout, Din). The maximum values of concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the tooth samples were found to be 60.82, 60.29 and 594.22 Bq kg-1, respectively. Maximum values of Raeq, Hex, Hin, Dout and Din were found to be 192.78 Bq kg-1, 0.520, 0.685, 89.29 and 169.81 nGy h-1, Iγ and Iα as 0.702 and 0.304, respectively. The results were lower than the average world value (UNSCEAR). In addition, a strong correlation was found between the concentrations of 226Ra and Raeq, between energy and net area, as well as between radionuclides (226Ra, 40K and 232Th) in tooth samples and age of volunteers. This study showed that the concentrations and hazard indices of tooth samples are below the recommended safe levels; therefore, the study area is considered safe in terms of radiological health hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najeba F Salih
- a Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Health , Koya University , Koya , Iraq
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19
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Abojassim AA, Dahir DM, Alaboodi AS, Abonasria AH. Annual Effective Dose of Gamma Emitters in Adults and Children for Some Types of Rice Consumed in Iraq. J Food Prot 2016; 79:2174-2178. [PMID: 28221966 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This work studies the activity concentration of natural radioactivity in 20 different types of rice, including imported rice and that produced locally. The rice samples were collected from markets and farms in Iraq, and then a natural radioactivity investigation was done in the environmental laboratory of the Kufa University, using gamma-ray spectrometer systems. The research focused on measuring the activity concentration of natural radioactivity (238U, 232Th, and 40K) to determine the level of the radium equivalent activity, internal hazard indices, and annual effective dose. The results show that all these parameters are within the permissible limits and that radioactivity is present in almost all foodstuffs at levels ranging from 40 to 600 Bq/kg of food. Radioactivity in foodstuffs is attributed to a natural source, potassium-40, and to artificial sources, which include industrial radioactivity, weapons testing, and accidents involving radioactivity. In this article, radionuclides have been identified for most of the common species of rice available in Iraqi markets; in addition, radium equivalent activity, internal hazard indices, and annual effective dose were calculated and compared with the permissible dose to estimate the risk of radioactive isotopes in the rice crop.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dahir Mohammad Dahir
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf 54001, Iraq
| | - Azhar S Alaboodi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf 54001, Iraq
| | - Abbas H Abonasria
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf 54001, Iraq
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