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Tsartsapakis I, Chalatzoglidis G, Zafeiroudi A. Investigating Differences in Personality Traits, Self-Esteem, Eating Attitudes, and Body Image among Participants in Indoor and Outdoor Fitness Activities. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 12:47. [PMID: 38200953 PMCID: PMC10778835 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical activity environments influence physical condition, nutrition, individual and social behaviors, and emotional well-being. The aim of the study was to investigate differences in eating attitudes, self-esteem, personality traits, and body image among participants in indoor and outdoor leisure-time fitness programs. Participants included 1747 adults (882 men and 865 women) aged 34 ± 9.2 years, divided into experimental and control groups. All participants completed the Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire, the Eating Attitudes Test 26 (EAT-26), the Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), the Traits Personality Questionnaire 5 (TPQue5), and the Appearance Scales of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ-AS). The results revealed statistically significant differences between groups. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed noteworthy variations in personality trait scores between the groups (neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness) as well as body image factors (self-esteem and eating attitudes). Two-way ANOVA revealed a significant interaction between gender and participation in different types of exercise. Females had lower self-esteem and body area satisfaction scores but higher eating disorder proneness, neuroticism, appearance evaluation, and overweight preoccupation scores than males. These findings add to the current literature focusing on the psychosocial and behavioral mechanisms associated with physical activity and exercise environments. The findings provide an effective supplement to promote public health-focused fitness programs and leisure-time physical activity motivation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Tsartsapakis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62100 Serres, Greece; (I.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Georgios Chalatzoglidis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62100 Serres, Greece; (I.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Aglaia Zafeiroudi
- Department Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece
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2
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Dash S, Bourke M, Parker AG, Trott E, Pascoe MC. Mindfulness is associated with reduced barriers to exercise via decreasing psychological distress in help-seeking young adults: A cross-sectional brief report. Early Interv Psychiatry 2022; 16:1049-1054. [PMID: 34825493 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Mental illness is common among young people. Exercise has benefits for mental health; however, young people experience a range of barriers to engaging in physical activity, one of which is psychological distress. Mindfulness is a modifiable factor that can reduce distress and may, in turn, reduce perceived barriers to physical activity. The aim of this work was to explore associations between dispositional mindfulness, psychological distress and barriers to engaging in physical activity. METHODS We used cross-sectional survey data from young adults aged 15-25 years who attended youth mental health services (headspace centres). Demographic, mindfulness, exercise barriers and wellbeing data were collected. RESULTS Mediation analysis showed that greater dispositional mindfulness reduced perceived barriers to exercise via reductions in psychological distress among 88 help-seeking young Australians. CONCLUSION Interventions to increase dispositional mindfulness may be helpful in reducing psychological distress and lessening barriers to exercise engagement, therefore promoting mental health among young people experiencing mental health symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Dash
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.,IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Matthew Bourke
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alexandra G Parker
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.,Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Emma Trott
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michaela C Pascoe
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
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Gut V, Schmid J, Imbach L, Conzelmann A. Stability of context in sport and exercise across educational transitions in adolescence: hello work, goodbye sport club? BMC Public Health 2022; 22:152. [PMID: 35062941 PMCID: PMC8783455 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12471-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The present study firstly aimed to identify context patterns in sport and exercise among adolescents at lower and upper secondary education. The organisational, social and competitive contexts of leisure-time sport and exercise were included as pattern indicators. The second aim was to examine the stability of these patterns across educational transition. The last aim was to investigate whether a subjective evaluation of the transition influences whether people stay in the same pattern across time. Methods One-year longitudinal data of 392 adolescents were analysed. Results Both before and after the educational transition, four context patterns were identified: the traditional competitive club athletes with friends, the self-organised individualists, the non-club-organised sportspersons and the mostly inactives. More than half of the individuals stayed in the same pattern across time. When individuals changed pattern, their change was most often from the self-organised individualists and the non-club-organised to the mostly inactives. A subjective evaluation of the transition influenced the stability of only the traditional competitive club athletes with friends. The chance of these people staying in the same pattern decreased with increased transitional stress. Conclusions Knowledge about the stability and change of context patterns can be used to make recommendations for policy strategies and to develop more individually-tailored promotion programs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-12471-4.
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Turrell G, Nathan A, Burton NW, Brown WJ, McElwee P, Barnett AG, Pachana NA, Oldenburg B, Rachele JN, Giskes K, Giles-Corti B. Cohort Profile: HABITAT-a longitudinal multilevel study of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and health and functioning in mid-to-late adulthood. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 50:730-731h. [PMID: 33247900 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Turrell
- Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Nicola W Burton
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wendy J Brown
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Paul McElwee
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Adrian G Barnett
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nancy A Pachana
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brian Oldenburg
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jerome N Rachele
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katrina Giskes
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Sydney, Australia.,Heart Research Institute, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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5
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Rajoo Y, Wong J, Raj IS, Kennedy GA. Perceived barriers and enablers to physical activity participation in people with Alopecia Areata: a constructivist grounded theory study. BMC Psychol 2020; 8:132. [PMID: 33303012 PMCID: PMC7731756 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-020-00502-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alopecia Areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease that is characterised by hair loss. Individuals diagnosed with it often describe feelings of trauma and social rejection due to cosmetic repercussions and are at high risk of experiencing psychological distress. Physical activity (PA) participation has been associated with better mental health outcomes in diverse populations. A preliminary study of individuals with AA indicated that severe hair loss is associated with symptomatic depression, anxiety and stress, which negatively impacted PA participation. While strategies to increase PA participation in the general population have been established, little is known about PA participation in people with AA. This study aimed to understand barriers and enablers to PA participation in people with AA to inform the development of evidence-based interventions. METHODS The study used a grounded theory (GT) methodology, relying on an iterative and simultaneous process of data collection, coding, theory development, and data comparisons to explore the perceived barriers and enablers to PA. Data were collected through a focus group (8 participants [33.38 ± 10.81 years]) and individual telephone interviews (8 participants [33.89 ± 11.87 years]). The study was conducted in Melbourne, Australia. Interview data were recorded digitally, transcribed verbatim and analysed. Recruitment continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. RESULTS The constructivist grounded theory method used has assisted to develop an explanatory model which is used to explain the themes for barriers and enablers to PA participation. The four phases in the explanatory model are as follows (1) onset of AA; (2) reaction towards the condition; (3) adjustment; and (4) acceptance. CONCLUSION The findings highlighted perceived barriers and enablers to PA participation in people with AA. Future interventions could consider addressing these barriers specifically to maximise effectiveness and to improve mental health status based on the phases of the explanatory model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamuna Rajoo
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Bundoora Campus, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia.
| | - J Wong
- School of Education, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - I S Raj
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Bundoora Campus, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - G A Kennedy
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Bundoora Campus, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia
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6
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Schebesch-Ruf W, Heimgartner A, Wells JS, Titze S. A Qualitative Examination of the Physical Activity Needs of People with Severe Mental Illness. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2019; 40:861-869. [PMID: 31283360 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2019.1610818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
It is recognised that physical activity has a positive impact on quality of life, social well-being and overall health of people with severe mental illness. However, there is a lack of theory informed programmes that support people with mental illness to adopt regular physical activity behaviour. The aim of this case study was to identify determinants of long-term physical activity among people with severe mental illness that may then inform the development of more suitable physical activity programmes. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 people (13 men and 2 women) with a mean age of 36.7 [standard deviation (SD)=11.8] who had a diagnosed mental illness and were attending a physical activity programme run by a mental health non-governmental organisation. Interview data was analysed using the documentary method to emphasise the perspective of people with severe mental illness. Three participation types were generated in the context of individuals' physical activity orientation and social background-first 'rehabilitative orientated' (physical activity as a supportive measure to re-enter the labour market and develop a daily routine); second 'social-orientated' (social well-being within the group as the primary motive); finally, 'trust-orientated' (a sense of trust that encourages participation). Based on these type-specific categories, it is suggested that different settings (mental health care centres and sport clubs) might be needed to attract and maintain the physical activity engagement of people with severe mental illness. In the context of sport clubs, it is recommended that coaches undergo training in mental health literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Schebesch-Ruf
- German University of Health and Sports, Institute of Sport Science , Berlin , Germany .,Institute of Sport Science, University of Graz , Graz , Austria
| | - Arno Heimgartner
- Department of Educational Science, University of Graz , Graz , Austria
| | - John S Wells
- School of Health Sciences, Waterford Institute of Technology , Waterford , Ireland
| | - Sylvia Titze
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Graz , Graz , Austria
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Rajoo Y, Wong J, Cooper G, Raj IS, Castle DJ, Chong AH, Green J, Kennedy GA. The relationship between physical activity levels and symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in individuals with alopecia Areata. BMC Psychol 2019; 7:48. [PMID: 31337438 PMCID: PMC6651906 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-019-0324-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alopecia Areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition that is characterised by non-scarring hair loss. Its aesthetic repercussions can lead to profound changes in psychological well-being. Although physical activity (PA) has been associated with better mental health outcomes in diverse populations, the association in individuals with AA has not been established. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between PA and mental health outcomes in individuals with AA to inform intervention strategies for this specific population. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals who were diagnosed with AA. A total of 83 respondents aged (40.95 ± 13.24 years) completed a self-report questionnaire consisting of International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and the Depression and Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Three-way contingency Chi-square analyses were used to determine the associations between PA, mental health outcomes and participants with hair loss of more than 50% on the scalp. Results 81.9% of the participants did not meet PA guidelines. Participants with hair loss of more than 50% on the scalp, and who did not meet PA guidelines, were significantly more likely to experience symptoms of severe depression (p = .003), moderate anxiety (p = .04) and mild stress (p = .003) than those who met guidelines Conclusion Findings suggest that increased PA participation in AA individuals with severe hair loss is associated with improved mental health status. Intervention efforts for this specific population should consider barriers and enablers to PA participation as they face challenges that differ from the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Rajoo
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - J Wong
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Education, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - G Cooper
- School of Education, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - I S Raj
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D J Castle
- Department of Psychological Sciences and Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, St. Vincent's Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - A H Chong
- Department of Medicine (Dermatology), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Green
- Western Dermatology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - G A Kennedy
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.,Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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8
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van Uffelen JGZ, Khan A, Burton NW. Gender differences in physical activity motivators and context preferences: a population-based study in people in their sixties. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:624. [PMID: 28676081 PMCID: PMC5496591 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4540-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although regular participation in physical activity (PA) has health benefits across the life span, the proportion of people doing sufficient activity for these benefits decreases with age. The aim of this study was to identify motivating factors and context preferences for PA in people in their sixties, and to examine gender differences in these factors. METHODS Data were used from people aged 60-67 years who responded to a mail survey in Brisbane, Australia, in 2009. Respondents indicated their agreement/disagreement with seven PA motivators and 14 PA context preferences. Data were analyzed using multi-level multinomial logistic regression, adjusted for sociodemographic and health variables, and PA level. RESULTS Of the 1845 respondents, 59% was female. Based on self-reported PA, one in three respondents (35%) did not meet the PA guidelines of at least 150 min of moderate intensity PA per week. The three leading motivating factors for both women and men were to prevent health problems, to feel good and to lose weight. Women were more likely than men to be motivated by improving appearance (OR 2.93, 95%CI 2.07-4.15), spending time with others (1.76, 1.31-2.37), meeting friends (1.76, 1.31-2.36) or losing weight (1.74, 1.12-2.71). The three leading context preferences for both women and men were for activities close to home, at low cost and that could be done alone. Women were more likely than men to prefer activities that are with people of the same sex (OR 4.67, 95%CI 3.14-6.94), supervised (2.79, 1.94-4.02), with people the same age (2.00, 1.43-2.78) and at a fixed time (1.42, 1.06-1.91). Women were less likely than men to prefer activities that are competitive (OR 0.32, 95%CI 0.22-0.46), are vigorous (0.33, 0.24-0.47), require skill and practice (0.40, 0.29-0.55) and done outdoors (0.51, 0.30-0.86). CONCLUSION Although there was overlap in motivating factors and context preferences for PA in women and men aged 60-67 years, there were also marked gender differences. These results suggest that PA options for people in their sixties should be tailored to meet gender specific interests in order to promote PA participation in this rapidly growing population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannique G. Z. van Uffelen
- Victoria University, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL) (office PB140), PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001 Australia
- The University of Queensland, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, QLD, Brisbane, 4072 Australia
- Department of Kinesiology, Physical Activity, Sports and Health Research Group, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Asaduzzaman Khan
- The University of Queensland, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, QLD, Brisbane, 4072 Australia
| | - Nicola W. Burton
- The University of Queensland, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, QLD, Brisbane, 4072 Australia
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9
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Abstract
Schizophrenia is a devastating mental illness that has profound effects on a person's health and quality of life. Exercise represents a promising new treatment option that may supplement current psychosocial and pharmacological interventions for psychosis. A large body of work suggests that exercise can improve cardio-metabolic and health behavior and facilitate neurogenesis in areas of the brain that are notably impacted by psychosis. Recent efforts to incorporate exercise as either stand-alone or adjunctive treatment for individuals with schizophrenia range from yoga and light stretching to moderately intense walking, bike riding, or team sports. These interventions suggest that moderately intense exercise may be beneficial for improving both positive and negative symptomatology, cognition and functioning. Indeed, exercise may be beneficial for decreasing risk factors for a wide range of health problems often observed in patients with schizophrenia, including weight gain and metabolic syndrome as well as tobacco and substance use. Given the positive results from interventions in schizophrenia patients, there is an impetus for incorporating exercise in the early stages of the disorder. Notably, individuals at ultrahigh risk (UHR) for psychosis report more sedentary behavior and perceive less benefit from exercise; interventions prior to the onset of the disorder may be helpful for increasing health behaviors, perhaps delaying or preventing the onset of psychosis. Taken together, for individuals with psychosis, exercise may provide holistic benefits for the neural to the social impairments.
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Subramaniapillai M, Arbour-Nicitopoulos K, Duncan M, McIntyre RS, Mansur RB, Remington G, Faulkner G. Physical activity preferences of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. BMC Res Notes 2016; 9:340. [PMID: 27405745 PMCID: PMC4941008 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-016-2151-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Individuals with a severe mental illness (SMI) are at least two times more likely to suffer from metabolic co-morbidities, leading to excessive and premature deaths. In spite of the many physical and mental health benefits of physical activity (PA), individuals with SMI are less physically active and more sedentary than the general population. One key component towards increasing the acceptability, adoption, and long-term adherence to PA is to understand, tailor and incorporate the PA preferences of individuals. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine if there are differences in PA preferences among individuals diagnosed with different psychiatric disorders, in particular schizophrenia or bipolar disorder (BD), and to identify PA design features that participants would prefer. Methods Participants with schizophrenia (n = 113) or BD (n = 60) completed a survey assessing their PA preferences. Results There were no statistical between-group differences on any preferred PA program design feature between those diagnosed with schizophrenia or BD. As such, participants with either diagnosis were collapsed into one group in order to report PA preferences. Walking (59.5 %) at moderate intensity (61.3 %) was the most popular activity and participants were receptive to using self-monitoring tools (59.0 %). Participants were also interested in incorporating strength and resistance training (58.5 %) into their PA program and preferred some level of regular contact with a fitness specialist (66.0 %). Conclusions These findings can be used to tailor a physical activity intervention for adults with schizophrenia or BD. Since participants with schizophrenia or BD do not differ in PA program preferences, the preferred features may have broad applicability for individuals with any SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehala Subramaniapillai
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, 55 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON, M5S2W6, Canada
| | - Kelly Arbour-Nicitopoulos
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, 55 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON, M5S2W6, Canada
| | - Markus Duncan
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 2146 Health Sciences Mall, Room 4606, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Rodrigo B Mansur
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Gary Remington
- Schizophrenia Program Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 2146 Health Sciences Mall, Room 4606, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Chapman JJ, Fraser SJ, Brown WJ, Burton NW. Physical activity preferences, motivators, barriers and attitudes of adults with mental illness. J Ment Health 2016; 25:448-454. [DOI: 10.3109/09638237.2016.1167847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin J. Chapman
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sarah J. Fraser
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wendy J. Brown
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nicola W. Burton
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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12
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Adam D, Ramli A, Shahar S. Effectiveness of a Combined Dance and Relaxation Intervention on Reducing Anxiety and Depression and Improving Quality of Life among the Cognitively Impaired Elderly. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2016; 16:e47-53. [PMID: 26909213 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2016.16.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cognitive impairment is a common problem among the elderly and is believed to be a precursor to dementia. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of a combined dance and relaxation intervention as compared to relaxation alone in reducing anxiety and depression levels and improving quality of life (QOL) and cognitive function among the cognitively impaired elderly. METHODS This quasi-experimental study was conducted between May and December 2013 in Peninsular Malaysia. Subjects from four government residential homes for older adults aged ≥60 years with mild to moderate cognitive function as assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination were included in the study. Subjects were divided into an intervention group and a control group; the former participated in a combined poco-poco dance and relaxation intervention whilst the latter participated in relaxation exercises only. Both groups participated in two sessions per week for six weeks. Anxiety and depression were self-assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and QOL was self-assessed using the Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 84 elderly subjects were included in the study; 44 were in the intervention group and 40 were in the control group. When compared to control subjects, those in the intervention group showed significantly decreased anxiety (P <0.001) and depression (P <0.001) levels as well as improved QOL (P <0.001) and cognitive impairment (P <0.001). CONCLUSION Dance as a form of participation-based physical exercise was found to reduce anxiety and depression levels and improve QOL and cognitive function among the studied sample of cognitively impaired elderly subjects in Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Adam
- Programme of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia;; Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Cyberjaya University College of Medical Sciences, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
| | - Ayiesah Ramli
- Programme of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Shahar
- Programme of Dietetics, School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
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13
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Fraser SJ, Chapman JJ, Brown WJ, Whiteford HA, Burton NW. Physical activity attitudes and preferences among inpatient adults with mental illness. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2015; 24:413-20. [PMID: 26332079 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The life expectancy of adults with mental illness is worse than that of the general population and is largely due to poor physical health status. Physical activity has been consistently recommended for the prevention and management of many chronic physical health conditions and can also have benefits for mental health. This cross sectional study assessed the attitudes towards and preferences for physical activity among inpatient adults with mental illness, and differences by distress and gender. Self-report questionnaires were completed by 101 patients. Findings indicated that inpatient adults with mental illness are interested in doing physical activity while in hospital, primarily to maintain good physical health and improve emotional wellbeing. Fewer than half of participants agreed that physical activity has benefits for serious mental illness. Participants indicated a preference for walking and physical activity that can be done alone, at a fixed time and with a set routine and format. Major barriers were fatigue and lack of motivation. Females were more likely than males to prefer activities done with others of the same gender (P = 0.001) and at the same level of ability (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences by level of distress. These findings can inform physical activity intervention programming in hospital settings, which may contribute to decreasing the chronic disease burden and improve the psychological wellbeing in adults with mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Fraser
- The School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Justin J Chapman
- The School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wendy J Brown
- The School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Harvey A Whiteford
- The School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicola W Burton
- The School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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