1
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Ma Y, Yang X, Pan P, Yang J, Wu X, Wang D, Gao H. Bestatin attenuates breast cancer stemness by targeting puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:197. [PMID: 38814491 PMCID: PMC11139817 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01063-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a prevalent malignant tumor among women with an increasing incidence rate annually. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are integral in impeding tumor advancement and addressing drug resistance. Bestatin serves as an adjuvant chemotherapy, triggering apoptosis in cancer cells. In this study, the effects of bestatin on sorted BCSCs from breast cancer cell lines have been studied. Our results indicated that bestatin inhibits the migration and proliferation of breast cancer cells by reducing the stemness of BCSCs both in vitro and in vivo. Puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase is implicated in the process through the regulation of cell cycle, resulting in heightened cell apoptosis and diminished cell proliferation of BCSCs. Our study suggest that targeting cancer stem cell may offer a promising approach in breast cancer treatment, presenting noval therapeutic strategies for patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xintong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengge Pan
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Wu
- Shengzhou Food and Drug Testing Center, Shaoxing, 312400, China
| | - Danhan Wang
- The 2nd Afflicated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Ahmad A, Tiwari RK, Siddiqui S, Chadha M, Shukla R, Srivastava V. Emerging trends in gastrointestinal cancers: Targeting developmental pathways in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 385:41-99. [PMID: 38663962 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal carcinomas are a group of cancers associated with the digestive system and its accessory organs. The most prevalent cancers related to the gastrointestinal tract are colorectal, gall bladder, gastric, hepatocellular, and esophageal cancers, respectively. Molecular aberrations in different signaling pathways, such as signal transduction systems or developmental pathways are the chief triggering mechanisms in different cancers Though a massive advancement in diagnostic and therapeutic interventions results in improved survival of patients with gastrointestinal cancer; the lower malignancy stages of these carcinomas are comparatively asymptomatic. Various gastrointestinal-related cancers are detected at advanced stages, leading to deplorable prognoses and increased rates of recurrence. Recent molecular studies have elucidated the imperative roles of several signaling pathways, namely Wnt, Hedgehog, and Notch signaling pathways, play in the progression, therapeutic responsiveness, and metastasis of gastrointestinal-related cancers. This book chapter gives an interesting update on recent findings on the involvement of developmental signaling pathways their mechanistic insight in gastrointestinalcancer. Subsequently, evidences supporting the exploration of gastrointestinal cancer related molecular mechanisms have also been discussed for developing novel therapeutic strategies against these debilitating carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afza Ahmad
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Clinical Research, Sharda School of Allied Health Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saleha Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
| | - Muskan Chadha
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sharda School of Allied Health Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ratnakar Shukla
- Department of Clinical Research, Sharda School of Allied Health Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Sharda School of Basic Sciences & Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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3
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Dong H, Chen S, Liang X, Cai Q, Zhang X, Xie J, Sun Z. Vitamin D and Its Receptors in Cervical Cancer. J Cancer 2024; 15:926-938. [PMID: 38230221 PMCID: PMC10788714 DOI: 10.7150/jca.87499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Several studies have investigated the relationship between vitamin D (VD) and its receptors (VDR) and the risk of cervical cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms that underpin these associations remain incompletely comprehended. In this review, we analyzed the impacts of VD and VDR on cervical cancer and related mechanisms, and discussed the effects of VD, calcium, and other vitamins on cervical cancer. Our literature research found that VD, VDR and their related signaling pathways played indispensable roles in the occurrence and progression of cervical cancer. Epidemiological studies have established associations between VD, VDR, and cervical cancer susceptibility. Current studies have shown that the inhibitory effect of VD and VDR on cervical cancer may be attributed to a variety of molecules and pathways, such as the EAG potassium channel, HCCR-1, estrogen and its receptor, p53, pRb, TNF-α, the PI3K/Akt pathway, and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. This review also briefly discussed the association between VDR gene polymorphisms and cervical cancer, albeit a comprehensive elucidation of this relationship remains an ongoing research endeavor. Additionally, the potential ramifications of VD, calcium, and other vitamins on cervical cancer has been elucidated, yet further exploration into the precise mechanistic underpinnings of these potential effects is warranted. Therefore, we suggest that further studies should focus on explorations into the intricate interplay among diverse molecular pathways and entities, elucidation of the mechanistic underpinnings of VDR polymorphic loci changes in the context of HPV infection and VD, inquiries into the mechanisms of VD in conjunction with calcium and other vitamins, as well as investigations of the efficacy of VD supplementation or VDR agonists as part of cervical cancer treatment strategies in the clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Dong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research in Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiyue Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research in Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoshan Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research in Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiliang Cai
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xumei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research in Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juan Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research in Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhuoyu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research in Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
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4
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Ajmeera D, Ajumeera R. Drug repurposing: A novel strategy to target cancer stem cells and therapeutic resistance. Genes Dis 2024; 11:148-175. [PMID: 37588226 PMCID: PMC10425757 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is an effortless and frequently used approach in cancer therapy. However, in most cases, it can only prolong life expectancy and does not guarantee a complete cure. Furthermore, chemotherapy is associated with severe adverse effects, one of the major complications of effective cancer therapy. In addition, newly published research outputs show that cancer stem cells are involved in cancer disease progression, drug resistance, metastasis, and recurrence and that they are functional in the trans-differentiation capacity of cancer stem cells to cancer cells in response to treatments. Novel strategies are therefore required for better management of cancer therapy. The prime approach would be to synthesize and develop novel drugs that need extensive resources, time, and endurance to be brought into therapeutic use. The subsequent approach would be to screen the anti-cancer activity of available non-cancerous drugs. This concept of repurposing non-cancer drugs as an alternative to current cancer therapy has become popular in recent years because using existing anticancer drugs has several adverse effects. Micronutrients have also been investigated for cancer therapy due to their significant anti-cancer effects with negligible or no side effects and availability in food sources. In this paper, we discuss an ideal hypothesis for screening available non-cancerous drugs with anticancer activity, with a focus on cancer stem cells and their clinical application for cancer treatment. Further, drug repurposing and the combination of micronutrients that can target both cancers and cancer stem cells may result in a better therapeutic approach leading to maximum tumor growth control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Ajmeera
- Cell Biology Department, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
| | - Rajanna Ajumeera
- Cell Biology Department, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
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5
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Bhat Y, Thrishna MR, Banerjee S. Molecular targets and therapeutic strategies for triple-negative breast cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:10535-10577. [PMID: 37924450 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08868-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is known for its heterogeneous complexity and is often difficult to treat. TNBC lacks the expression of major hormonal receptors like estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 and is further subdivided into androgen receptor (AR) positive and AR negative. In contrast, AR negative is also known as quadruple-negative breast cancer (QNBC). Compared to AR-positive TNBC, QNBC has a great scarcity of prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. QNBC shows excessive cellular growth and proliferation of tumor cells due to increased expression of growth factors like EGF and various surface proteins. This study briefly reviews the limited data available as protein biomarkers that can be used as molecular targets in treating TNBC as well as QNBC. Targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors have recently changed cancer treatment. Many studies in medicinal chemistry continue to focus on the synthesis of novel compounds to discover new antiproliferative medicines capable of treating TNBC despite the abundance of treatments currently on the market. Drug repurposing is one of the therapeutic methods for TNBC that has been examined. Moreover, some additional micronutrients, nutraceuticals, and functional foods may be able to lower cancer risk or slow the spread of malignant diseases that have already been diagnosed with cancer. Finally, nanomedicines, or applications of nanotechnology in medicine, introduce nanoparticles with variable chemistry and architecture for the treatment of cancer. This review emphasizes the most recent research on nutraceuticals, medication repositioning, and novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashasvi Bhat
- School of Bio Science and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - M R Thrishna
- School of Bio Science and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Satarupa Banerjee
- School of Bio Science and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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6
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Nautiyal R, Bhatnagar P. Deciphering the role of vitamin D on skin cancers and tumour microenvironment. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2023; 0:1-10. [PMID: 37609744 DOI: 10.25259/ijdvl_1236_2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Skin cancer is a significant health burden being the fourth most common cancer globally and accounts for 6.2% of the total combined cancer cases. However, mortality rates due to skin cancer are less when compared with other cancers, but it is significantly high in the Asian population (43%). DNA mutations and environmental and genetic factors are linked with skin cancer prognosis; however, long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation remains one of the leading factors worldwide. Sun exposure is a major environmental risk factor for skin cancers but is also an essential source of vitamin D. On the other hand, studies exploring the relationship between skin cancer risk and vitamin D show mixed, somewhat conflicting results. This study investigates the role of vitamin D and skin carcinogenesis to clarify the associations. Moreover, in addition to suppressing cancer stem cells, it has been observed that vitamin D also regulates tumor initiation and metastasis. In conclusion, the incorporation of well-designed studies on the metabolism of vitamin D from a genotypic and phenotypic perspective is required to understand the intricate mechanisms linking the role of vitamin D in skin carcinogenesis. These new findings will open up new pathways in targeting the disease and lead to novel opportunities for its treatment and cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Nautiyal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Priyanka Bhatnagar
- Disease Biology Segment, Quick IsCool, Aitele Research LLP, Bihar, India
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7
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Dillman RO, Nistor GI, Keirstead HS. Autologous dendritic cells loaded with antigens from self-renewing autologous tumor cells as patient-specific therapeutic cancer vaccines. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023:2198467. [PMID: 37133853 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2198467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A promising personal immunotherapy is autologous dendritic cells (DC) loaded ex vivo with autologous tumor antigens (ATA) derived from self-renewing autologous cancer cells. DC-ATA are suspended in granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor at the time of each subcutaneous injection. Previously, irradiated autologous tumor cell vaccines have produced encouraging results in 150 cancer patients, but the DC-ATA vaccine demonstrated superiority in single-arm and randomized trials in metastatic melanoma. DC-ATA have been injected into more than 200 patients with melanoma, glioblastoma, and ovarian, hepatocellular, and renal cell cancers. Key observations include: [1] greater than 95% success rates for tumor cell cultures and monocyte collection for dendritic cell production; [2] injections are well-tolerated; [3] the immune response is rapid and includes primarily TH1/TH17 cellular responses; [4] efficacy has been suggested by delayed but durable complete tumor regressions in patients with measurable disease, by progression-free survival in glioblastoma, and by overall survival in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel I Nistor
- Research and Development, AIVITA Biomedical Inc, Irvine, CA, USA
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8
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Erzurumlu Y, Aydogdu E, Dogan HK, Catakli D, Muhammed MT, Buyuksandic B. 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 induced vitamin D receptor signaling negatively regulates endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) and androgen receptor signaling in human prostate cancer cells. Cell Signal 2023; 103:110577. [PMID: 36567009 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Steroid hormone signaling is critical in the tumor progression and the regulation of physiological mechanisms such as endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) and unfolded protein response (UPR) in prostate cancer. 1,25(OH)2 D3 is an active metabolite of vitamin D classified as a steroid hormone. It exhibits anti-tumor effects, including angiogenesis and suppression of cell cycle progression. Moreover, progressively reducing expression levels of vitamin D receptor (VDR) are observed in many cancer types, including the prostate. In the present study, we investigated the molecular action of 1,25(OH)2 D3 on ERAD, UPR and androgenic signaling. We found that 1,25(OH)2 D3 negatively regulated the expression level of ERAD components and divergently controlled the inositol-requiring enzyme 1⍺ (IRE1⍺) and protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK) branches of UPR in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. Also, similar results were obtained with another human prostate cancer cell line, 22Rv1. More strikingly, we found that androgenic signaling is negatively regulated by VDR signaling. Also, molecular docking supported the inhibitory effect of 1,25(OH)2 D3 on AR signaling. Moreover, we found VDR signaling suppressed tumor progression by decreasing c-Myc expression and reducing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Additionally, 1,25(OH)2 D3 treatment significantly inhibited the 3D-tumor formation of LNCaP cells. Our results suggest that further molecular characterization of the action of VDR signaling in other cancer types such as estrogenic signal in breast cancer will provide important contributions to a better understanding of the roles of steroid hormone receptors in carcinogenesis processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalcin Erzurumlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Esra Aydogdu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Institute of Health Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey
| | - Hatice Kubra Dogan
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Science, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Deniz Catakli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Muhammed Tilahun Muhammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Buket Buyuksandic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey
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9
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Li Y, Wang D, Ge H, Güngör C, Gong X, Chen Y. Cytoskeletal and Cytoskeleton-Associated Proteins: Key Regulators of Cancer Stem Cell Properties. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1369. [PMID: 36355541 PMCID: PMC9698833 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cancer cells possessing stemness characteristics that are closely associated with tumor proliferation, recurrence and resistance to therapy. Recent studies have shown that different cytoskeletal components and remodeling processes have a profound impact on the behavior of CSCs. In this review, we outline the different cytoskeletal components regulating the properties of CSCs and discuss current and ongoing therapeutic strategies targeting the cytoskeleton. Given the many challenges currently faced in targeted cancer therapy, a deeper comprehension of the molecular events involved in the interaction of the cytoskeleton and CSCs will help us identify more effective therapeutic strategies to eliminate CSCs and ultimately improve patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Heming Ge
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cenap Güngör
- Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Xuejun Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yongheng Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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10
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Marigoudar JB, Sarkar D, Yuguda YM, Abutayeh RF, Kaur A, Pati A, Mitra D, Ghosh A, Banerjee D, Borah S, Barman K, Das B, Khairnar SJ, Šeherčehajić E, Kumar S. Role of vitamin D in targeting cancer and cancer stem cell populations and its therapeutic implications. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 40:2. [PMID: 36308576 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01855-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is recognized globally as the second-most dominating and leading cause of morbidities. Fighting the global health epidemic threat posed by cancer requires progress and improvements in imaging techniques, surgical techniques, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The existence of a small subpopulation of undifferentiated cells known as cancer stem cells has been supported by accumulating evidence and ongoing research. According to clinical data, cancer recurrence, tumor development, and metastasis are thought to be caused by CSCs. Nutritional or dietary supplements can help you to fight against cancer and cope with the treatment side effects. Vitamin D, sometimes known as the sunshine vitamin, is produced in the skin in reaction to sunlight. Vitamin D deficiency is hazardous to any degree, increasing the risk of diseases such as cancer and disorders like osteoporosis. Bioactive vitamin D, or calcitriol, regulates several biological pathways. Many modes of action of Vitamin D might be helpful in protecting somatic stem cells (e.g., DNA damage repair and oxidative stress protection) or restricting cancer stem cell growth (e.g., cell cycle arrest, cell apoptosis). Researchers have recently begun to investigate the inhibitory effects of dietary vitamin D on cancer stem cells. In this review, we investigated the therapeutic impact of vitamin D and its molecular processes to target cancer and cancer stem cells as well.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diptendu Sarkar
- Department of Microbiology, Ramakrishna Mission Vidyamandira, Belur Math, Haora, West Bengal, 711202, India
| | - Yakubu Magaji Yuguda
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Sciences, Federal Polytechnic, Kaltungo, Gombe State, Nigeria
| | - Reem Fawaz Abutayeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, 11931, Jordan
| | - Avneet Kaur
- SGT College of Pharmacy SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122505, India
| | - Ankita Pati
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology (IMS & SUM HOSPITAL), Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Jagamara, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, India
| | - Disha Mitra
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Calcutta, 700073, India
| | - Animikha Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University Barasat, Calcutta, 700126, India
| | - Debashis Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Atmiya University, "Yogidham Gurukul", Kalawad Road, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360005, India
| | - Sudarshana Borah
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Baridua, Meghalaya, 793101, India
| | - Kamallochan Barman
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Baridua, Meghalaya, 793101, India
| | - Bhanita Das
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Baridua, Meghalaya, 793101, India
| | | | - Emir Šeherčehajić
- Faculty of Health Studies, University of Sarajevo, 71000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Shivam Kumar
- School of Biological Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DY, England.
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11
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Avery JT, Zhang R, Boohaker RJ. GLI1: A Therapeutic Target for Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:673154. [PMID: 34113570 PMCID: PMC8186314 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.673154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
GLI1 is a transcriptional effector at the terminal end of the Hedgehog signaling (Hh) pathway and is tightly regulated during embryonic development and tissue patterning/differentiation. GLI1 has low-level expression in differentiated tissues, however, in certain cancers, aberrant activation of GLI1 has been linked to the promotion of numerous hallmarks of cancer, such as proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, metastasis, metabolic rewiring, and chemotherapeutic resistance. All of these are driven, in part, by GLI1’s role in regulating cell cycle, DNA replication and DNA damage repair processes. The consequences of GLI1 oncogenic activity, specifically the activity surrounding DNA damage repair proteins, such as NBS1, and cell cycle proteins, such as CDK1, can be linked to tumorigenesis and chemoresistance. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms driving GLI1 dysregulation can provide prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers to identify a patient population that would derive therapeutic benefit from either direct inhibition of GLI1 or targeted therapy towards proteins downstream of GLI1 regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin T Avery
- Oncology Department, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Ruowen Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Rebecca J Boohaker
- Oncology Department, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, United States
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12
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Zhang A, Cui Q, Wang X, Zhao XH. Effect of temperature of preheated soy protein isolate on the structure and properties of soy protein isolate heated-vitamin D 3 complex. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13733. [PMID: 33890679 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, soy protein isolate (SPI) was preheated and combined with vitamin D3 (VD3 ) to study the protective effect of modified SPI on VD3 . The structure and properties of the SPI with heat treatment-VD3 (SPI(H)-VD3 ) complex were determined. The secondary and tertiary structure of SPI(H)-VD3 results showed that the content of α-helix decreased and the content of random coil increased, indicating that the rigid structure of the protein decreased, the flexibility increased, and the maximum fluorescence intensity wavelength was red shifted. When the heat treatment temperature was 85°C, the embedding rate of SPI(H)-VD3 composite was the highest. As the heat treatment temperature increased, the internal hydrophobic groups of SPI were exposed, and the average particle size decreased significantly. The light stability results showed that the content of VD3 in the SPI(H)-VD3 composite at a heat treatment temperature of 85°C was significantly increased compared with the unheated SPI. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This article mainly discusses the structure and properties of modified soy protein isolates bound to VD3 by preheating soy protein isolates at different temperatures. It provides more possibilities for the application of VD3 in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Zhang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiang Cui
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xibo Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin-Huai Zhao
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, China
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Yu X, Liu B, Zhang N, Wang Q, Cheng G. Immune Response: A Missed Opportunity Between Vitamin D and Radiotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:646981. [PMID: 33928081 PMCID: PMC8076745 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.646981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is a mainstay treatment in several types of cancer and acts by mediating various forms of cancer cell death, although it is still a large challenge to enhance therapy efficacy. Radiation resistance represents the main cause of cancer progression, therefore, overcoming treatment resistance is now the greatest challenge for clinicians. Increasing evidence indicates that immune response plays a role in reprogramming the radiation-induced tumor microenvironment (TME). Intriguingly, radiation-induced immunosuppression possibly overwhelms the ability of immune system to ablate tumor cells. This induces an immune equilibrium, which, we hypothesize, is an opportunity for radiosensitizers to make actions. Vitamin D has been reported to act in synergistic with RT by potentiating antiproliferative effect induced by therapeutics. Additionally, vitamin D can also regulate the TME and may even lead to immunostimulation by blocking immunosuppression following radiation. Previous reviews have focused on vitamin D metabolism and epidemiological trials, however, the synergistic effect of vitamin D and existing therapies remains unknown. This review summarizes vitamin D mediated radiosensitization, radiation immunity, and vitamin D-regulated TME, which may contribute to more successful vitamin D-adjuvant radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Guanghui Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Soltanian S, Sheikhbahaei M. Effect of Menadione and Combination of Gemcitabine and Cisplatin on Cancer Stem Cells in Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Cell Line A549. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:105-117. [PMID: 34400945 PMCID: PMC8170754 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.112373.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. Chemotherapy-induced adverse effects and resistance of NSCLC to conventional drugs reduce the efficacy of current therapies. Tumors contain a small population of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that play a critical role in tumor initiation, maintenance, and drug resistance that finally lead to cancer recurrence. Therefore, CSC-targeting therapies can offer the best hope for developing curative cancer therapies. Vitamins have a high potential for cancer prevention and treatment. Vitamins also ameliorate the side effects which occur in chemo-radio therapy. Menadione (2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone/vitamin-K3) is a synthetic form of vitamin K that indicated antitumor activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-CSCs effect of menadione and combination of cisplatin and gemcitabine as a first-line treatment in patients with NSCLC on the NSCLC cell line A549. MTT results displayed decreased cell survival after treatment with cisplatin/gemcitabine for 48 h treatment (IC50 values 0.25 µM for cisplatin and 5 µM for gemcitabine). Menadione also inhibited the cell growth in A549 cells (IC50: 16 µM). Quantitative RT-PCR showed significant downregulation of CSC markers (Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, Aldh1, Abcb1, CD44, and CD133) and Snail, epithelial-mesenchymal transition marker, after treatment with menadione and cisplatin/gemcitabine. Flow cytometry showed CD44-positive cells that constitute a high percentage (70%) of A549 cells reduced significantly after treatment with cisplatin/gemcitabine or menadione. However, A549 cells did not show a significant population positive for CD133 and ABCB1 (less than 0.05%), and these fractions did not change after treatment with two agents.
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Chowdhury S, Ghosh S. Cancer Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-1638-9_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Ávalos-Moreno M, López-Tejada A, Blaya-Cánovas JL, Cara-Lupiañez FE, González-González A, Lorente JA, Sánchez-Rovira P, Granados-Principal S. Drug Repurposing for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. J Pers Med 2020; 10:E200. [PMID: 33138097 PMCID: PMC7711505 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10040200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive type of breast cancer which presents a high rate of relapse, metastasis, and mortality. Nowadays, the absence of approved specific targeted therapies to eradicate TNBC remains one of the main challenges in clinical practice. Drug discovery is a long and costly process that can be dramatically improved by drug repurposing, which identifies new uses for existing drugs, both approved and investigational. Drug repositioning benefits from improvements in computational methods related to chemoinformatics, genomics, and systems biology. To the best of our knowledge, we propose a novel and inclusive classification of those approaches whereby drug repurposing can be achieved in silico: structure-based, transcriptional signatures-based, biological networks-based, and data-mining-based drug repositioning. This review specially emphasizes the most relevant research, both at preclinical and clinical settings, aimed at repurposing pre-existing drugs to treat TNBC on the basis of molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways such as androgen receptor, adrenergic receptor, STAT3, nitric oxide synthase, or AXL. Finally, because of the ability and relevance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) to drive tumor aggressiveness and poor clinical outcome, we also focus on those molecules repurposed to specifically target this cell population to tackle recurrence and metastases associated with the progression of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ávalos-Moreno
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.Á.-M.); (A.L.-T.); (J.L.B.-C.); (F.E.C.-L.); (A.G.-G.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Araceli López-Tejada
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.Á.-M.); (A.L.-T.); (J.L.B.-C.); (F.E.C.-L.); (A.G.-G.); (J.A.L.)
- UGC de Oncología Médica, Complejo Hospitalario de Jaén, 23007 Jaén, Spain;
| | - Jose L. Blaya-Cánovas
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.Á.-M.); (A.L.-T.); (J.L.B.-C.); (F.E.C.-L.); (A.G.-G.); (J.A.L.)
- UGC de Oncología Médica, Complejo Hospitalario de Jaén, 23007 Jaén, Spain;
| | - Francisca E. Cara-Lupiañez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.Á.-M.); (A.L.-T.); (J.L.B.-C.); (F.E.C.-L.); (A.G.-G.); (J.A.L.)
- UGC de Oncología Médica, Complejo Hospitalario de Jaén, 23007 Jaén, Spain;
| | - Adrián González-González
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.Á.-M.); (A.L.-T.); (J.L.B.-C.); (F.E.C.-L.); (A.G.-G.); (J.A.L.)
- UGC de Oncología Médica, Complejo Hospitalario de Jaén, 23007 Jaén, Spain;
| | - Jose A. Lorente
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.Á.-M.); (A.L.-T.); (J.L.B.-C.); (F.E.C.-L.); (A.G.-G.); (J.A.L.)
- Department of Legal Medicine, School of Medicine—PTS—University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Sergio Granados-Principal
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.Á.-M.); (A.L.-T.); (J.L.B.-C.); (F.E.C.-L.); (A.G.-G.); (J.A.L.)
- UGC de Oncología Médica, Complejo Hospitalario de Jaén, 23007 Jaén, Spain;
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Vitamin D Signaling in Inflammation and Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143219. [PMID: 32679655 PMCID: PMC7397283 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D and its active metabolites are important nutrients for human skeletal health. UV irradiation of skin converts 7-dehydrocholesterol into vitamin D3, which metabolized in the liver and kidneys into its active form, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Apart from its classical role in calcium and phosphate regulation, scientists have shown that the vitamin D receptor is expressed in almost all tissues of the body, hence it has numerous biological effects. These includes fetal and adult homeostatic functions in development and differentiation of metabolic, epidermal, endocrine, neurological and immunological systems of the body. Moreover, the expression of vitamin D receptor in the majority of immune cells and the ability of these cells to actively metabolize 25(OH)D3 into its active form 1,25(OH)2D3 reinforces the important role of vitamin D signaling in maintaining a healthy immune system. In addition, several studies have showed that vitamin D has important regulatory roles of mechanisms controlling proliferation, differentiation and growth. The administration of vitamin D analogues or the active metabolite of vitamin D activates apoptotic pathways, has antiproliferative effects and inhibits angiogenesis. This review aims to provide an up-to-date overview on the effects of vitamin D and its receptor (VDR) in regulating inflammation, different cell death modalities and cancer. It also aims to investigate the possible therapeutic benefits of vitamin D and its analogues as anticancer agents.
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Negri M, Gentile A, de Angelis C, Montò T, Patalano R, Colao A, Pivonello R, Pivonello C. Vitamin D-Induced Molecular Mechanisms to Potentiate Cancer Therapy and to Reverse Drug-Resistance in Cancer Cells. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061798. [PMID: 32560347 PMCID: PMC7353389 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing interest in studying the role of vitamin D in cancer has been provided by the scientific literature during the last years, although mixed results have been reported. Vitamin D deficiency has been largely associated with various types of solid and non-solid human cancers, and the almost ubiquitous expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) has always led to suppose a crucial role of vitamin D in cancer. However, the association between vitamin D levels and the risk of solid cancers, such as colorectal, prostate and breast cancer, shows several conflicting results that raise questions about the use of vitamin D supplements in cancer patients. Moreover, studies on vitamin D supplementation do not always show improvements in tumor progression and mortality risk, particularly for prostate and breast cancer. Conversely, several molecular studies are in agreement about the role of vitamin D in inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, growth and invasiveness, cell cycle arrest and inflammatory signaling, through which vitamin D may also regulate cancer microenvironment through the activation of different molecular pathways. More recently, a role in the regulation of cancer stem cells proliferation and short non-coding microRNA (miRNAs) expression has emerged, conferring to vitamin D a more crucial role in cancer development and progression. Interestingly, it has been shown that vitamin D is able not only to potentiate the effects of traditional cancer therapy but can even contribute to overcome the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance—often triggering tumor-spreading. At this regard, vitamin D can act at various levels through the regulation of growth of cancer stem cells and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as through the modulation of miRNA gene expression. The current review reconsiders epidemiological and molecular literature concerning the role of vitamin D in cancer risk and tumor development and progression, as well as the action of vitamin D supplementation in potentiating the effects of drug therapy and overcoming the mechanisms of resistance often triggered during cancer therapies, by critically addressing strengths and weaknesses of available data from 2010 to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarosaria Negri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Annalisa Gentile
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Cristina de Angelis
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Tatiana Montò
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Roberta Patalano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
- Unesco Chair for Health Education and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Pivonello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Claudia Pivonello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Attia YM, Hammam OA, Ammar RA, Mansour MT, Elmazar MM. Crosstalk between aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 and chemoresistance in breast cancer: Insights into the role of vitamin D3. Life Sci 2020; 253:117733. [PMID: 32360127 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH-1) is considered a signature of breast cancer stem cells and is linked to poor outcomes in breast cancer patients. This study aimed at investigating the effect of vitamin D3 on enhancing the tumor responsiveness to different conventional chemotherapeutic agents, viz., cisplatin, methotrexate, and doxorubicin. MAIN METHODS In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed using combinations of vitamin D3 and chemotherapeutic agents. Cell cycle analysis and apoptosis assays were performed. Moreover, ALDH-1 expression levels were estimated in cancer cell lines and solid tumors. For solid tumors, tumor volume and histopathological necrotic indices were estimated. Leukocyte presence was also evaluated in tumors using leukocyte common antigen (LCA). KEY FINDINGS Results showed a synergistic interaction between vitamin D3 and each of the chemotherapeutic agents on breast cancer cell lines as well as cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. A decrease in ALDH-1 levels was reported in both breast cancer cells and in tumor tissues. Reductions in tumor volume were also observed in the groups which received the combination therapy. An influence on necrosis rather than apoptosis was also reported, as evidenced by necrotic indices and Bcl-2 expression in tumor sections, respectively. Increased local leukocytes in tumors was also evident, as indicated by increased expression of leukocyte common antigen (LCA). SIGNIFICANCE Overall, the present study shows that vitamin D3 has an impact on resistance to different chemotherapeutic agents which could be due to the inhibition of ALDH-1, suggesting its use as an adjuvant therapy in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen M Attia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt; The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Olfat A Hammam
- Pathology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham A Ammar
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt; The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T Mansour
- Virology and Immunology Department, Children's Cancer Hospital, 57357 Cairo, Egypt; Virology and Immunology Department, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Elmazar
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt; The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
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Mengozzi M, Hesketh A, Bucca G, Ghezzi P, Smith CP. Vitamins D3 and D2 have marked but different global effects on gene expression in a rat oligodendrocyte precursor cell line. Mol Med 2020; 26:32. [PMID: 32272884 PMCID: PMC7146914 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-020-00153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) but it is unclear whether vitamin D supplementation improves the clinical course of MS, and there is uncertainty about the dose and form of vitamin D (D2 or D3) to be used. The mechanisms underlying the effects of vitamin D in MS are not clear. Vitamin D3 increases the rate of differentiation of primary oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), suggesting that it might help remyelination in addition to modulating the immune response. Here we analyzed the transcriptome of differentiating rat CG4 OPCs treated with vitamin D2 or with vitamin D3 at 24 h and 72 h following onset of differentiation. Methods Gene expression in differentiating CG4 cells in response to vitamin D2 or D3 was quantified using Agilent DNA microarrays (n = 4 replicates), and the transcriptome data were processed and analysed using the R software environment. Differential expression between the experimental conditions was determined using LIMMA, applying the Benjamini and Hochberg multiple testing correction to p-values, and significant genes were grouped into co-expression clusters by hierarchical clustering. The functional significance of gene groups was explored by pathway enrichment analysis using the clusterProfiler package. Results Differentiation alone changed the expression of about 10% of the genes at 72 h compared to 24 h. Vitamin D2 and D3 exerted different effects on gene expression, with D3 influencing 1272 genes and D2 574 at 24 h. The expression of the vast majority of these genes was either not changed in differentiating cells not exposed to vitamin D or followed the same trajectory as the latter. D3-repressed genes were enriched for Gene Ontology (GO) categories including transcription factors and the Notch pathway, while D3-induced genes were enriched for the Ras pathway. Conclusions This study shows that vitamin D3, compared with D2, changes the expression of a larger number of genes in OLs. Identification of genes affected by D3 in OLs should help to identify mechanisms mediating its action in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Mengozzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, BN1 9PS, UK.,Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Andrew Hesketh
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Giselda Bucca
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Pietro Ghezzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, BN1 9PS, UK. .,Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK.
| | - Colin P Smith
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
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Low pretreatment serum concentration of vitamin D at breast cancer diagnosis in postmenopausal women. Menopause 2020; 26:293-299. [PMID: 30234730 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the rate of and risk factors for low pretreatment vitamin D (VitD) levels in postmenopausal breast cancer (BC) women, compared with postmenopausal women without BC. METHODS A cross-sectional clinical study was conducted to compare 209 women with BC (case group) to 418 women without BC (control group), age range: 45 to 75 years. The case group consisted of women diagnosed with BC, amenorrhea ≥12 months, aged ≥45 years, without use of medication or clinical conditions that might interfere with VitD levels. The control group consisted of women with amenorrhea ≥12 months, aged ≥45 years, without BC. The groups were matched for age and time since menopause, at a case: control ratio of 1:2. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D [25(OH)D] concentration was measured in all women 10 to 20 days after BC diagnosis and before the proposed treatment. Serum levels ≥30 ng/mL were defined as sufficient. The Student's t test or gamma distribution, χ test, and logistic regression (odds ratio, OR) were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The BC group had a higher body mass index (BMI) and higher percentage of obesity than the control group (57.4% vs 40.2%, P < 0.0001). In addition, rates of insufficient (20-29 ng/mL) and deficient (<20 ng/mL) 25(OH)D levels were higher in BC patients than in controls (55.6% vs 49.3%, P = 0.039 and 26.2% vs 20.3%, P = 0.018), respectively. In risk analysis (adjusted for age, time since menopause, and BMI), BC patients had a 1.5-fold higher risk of developing low VitD levels (OR = 1.52, 95% CI, 1.04-2.22, P = 0.029) than women without BC. CONCLUSIONS Postmenopausal women had an increased risk of VitD deficiency at the time of BC diagnosis, associated with a higher rate of obesity, than women of the same age group without cancer.
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Vishlaghi N, Lisse TS. Exploring vitamin D signalling within skin cancer. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2020; 92:273-281. [PMID: 31889334 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sunlight exposure of the skin is associated with both risks and benefits. On one hand, sunlight ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause skin cancer through signature DNA mutations. On the other hand, it can be absorbed in the skin by 7-dehydrocholesterol to instigate endogenous synthesis of vitamin D to regulate anticancer effects. Thus, protecting one's skin from sunlight to avoid skin cancer may lead to impaired vitamin D levels arguing for sensible sun exposure practices. To limit cancer, vitamin D metabolites can promote uncharacterized and diverse sets of events such as repair responses to DNA damage, apoptosis of malignant cells, and suppression of immune surveillance, proliferation and angiogenesis. Recent findings also suggest that part of the anticancer effects of vitamin D within squamous cell carcinoma-a type of skin cancer most directly linked to sun exposure-involves the DDIT4-mTOR catabolic signalling pathway to enhance cell autophagy. As mTOR activity and cellular metabolism are modulated as part of the DNA damage response, insights into the means by which mTOR can be controlled by vitamin D to suppress cancer is of molecular and clinical importance. Overall, the research so far suggests that presence of vitamin D through sunlight exposure and supplementation are beneficial for human health in the face of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Vishlaghi
- Cox Science Center, Biology Department, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Thomas S Lisse
- Cox Science Center, Biology Department, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Activity of Vitamin D3 in Malignant Gliomas: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.94542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Attia YM, El-Kersh DM, Ammar RA, Adel A, Khalil A, Walid H, Eskander K, Hamdy M, Reda N, Mohsen NE, Al-Toukhy GM, Mansour MT, Elmazar MM. Inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 and p-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance by curcumin and vitamin D3 increases sensitivity to paclitaxel in breast cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 315:108865. [PMID: 31628941 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of breast cancer by paclitaxel (PAX) often encounters therapeutic failure most likely caused by innate/acquired resistance. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) and multidrug resistance complex (MDR-1 or P-glycoprotein) overexpression are main mechanisms implicated in chemoresistance. Increased aldehyde dehrogenase-1 (ALDH-1) was previously correlated with the stemness features of CSCs and hence is used as a marker for identification and CSCs targeting. The present study, therefore, aimed at investigating the effect of both curcumin (CUR) and vitamin D3 (D3) on MDR-1 and ALDH-1 expression and consequently the resistance to PAX both in vitro and in vivo. CUR was isolated from Turmeric rhizomes and identified using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. For in vitro studies, the antiproliferative effect of PAX, CUR, 1,25(OH)2D3 (the active form of D3, also known as calcitriol) was determined, each alone and combined (PAX+CUR, PAX+1,25(OH)2D3, and PAX+CUR+1,25(OH)2D3) on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Ehrlich ascites carcinoma solid tumor animal model was also used for in vivo studies. Combining CUR and/or 1,25(OH)2D3 to PAX showed synergistic cytotoxic interaction on MCF-7 cells. The apoptotic potential was also enhanced, as evidenced by a significant increase in caspase-7 and -9 as well as the pro-apoptotic Bax whereas a decrease in Bcl-2 levels was reported. Combining CUR and 1,25(OH)2D3 to PAX caused a downregulation in both MDR-1 and ALDH-1 gene expression in MCF-7 besides a decrease in their protein levels. In vivo, the triple therapy group (PAX+CUR+D3) showed the least tumor size. It also showed the lowest levels of MDR-1 and ALDH-1. PAX alone, however, showed increased levels of MDR-1 and ALDH-1 compared to control. Overall, the present study showed that PAX, as a monotherapy, demonstrated acquired resistance possibly by increasing MDR-1 expression and enriching CSCs population, as evidenced by increased ALDH-1. However, using CUR and D3 enhanced tumor response to PAX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen M Attia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt; The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Dina M El-Kersh
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt; The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham A Ammar
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aliaa Adel
- Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya Khalil
- Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hoda Walid
- Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kirullos Eskander
- Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hamdy
- Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada Reda
- Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nour Elhoda Mohsen
- Senior Students, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Al-Toukhy
- Virology and Immunology Department, Children's Cancer Hospital, 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Tarek Mansour
- Virology and Immunology Department, Children's Cancer Hospital, 57357, Cairo, Egypt; Virology and Immunology Department, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Elmazar
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt; The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
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Tuyaerts S, Van Nuffel AMT, Naert E, Van Dam PA, Vuylsteke P, De Caluwé A, Aspeslagh S, Dirix P, Lippens L, De Jaeghere E, Amant F, Vandecasteele K, Denys H. PRIMMO study protocol: a phase II study combining PD-1 blockade, radiation and immunomodulation to tackle cervical and uterine cancer. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:506. [PMID: 31138229 PMCID: PMC6537207 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5676-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapeutic approaches have revolutionized oncological practice but are less evaluated in gynecological malignancies. PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in gynecological cancers showed objective responses in 13-17% of patients. This could be due to immunosuppressive effects exerted by gynecological tumors on the microenvironment and an altered tumor vasculature. In other malignancies, combining checkpoint blockade with radiation delivers benefit that is believed to be due to the abscopal effect. Addition of immune modulation agents has also shown to enhance immune checkpoint blockade efficacy. Therefore we designed a regimen consisting of PD-1 blockade combined with radiation, and different immune/environmental-targeting compounds: repurposed drugs, metronomic chemotherapy and a food supplement. We hypothesize that these will synergistically modulate the tumor microenvironment and induce and sustain an anti-tumor immune response, resulting in tumor regression. METHODS PRIMMO is a multi-center, open-label, non-randomized, 3-cohort phase 2 study with safety run-in in patients with recurrent/refractory cervical carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma or uterine sarcoma. Treatment consists of daily intake of vitamin D, lansoprazole, aspirin, cyclophosphamide and curcumin, starting 2 weeks before the first pembrolizumab dose. Pembrolizumab is administered 3-weekly for a total of 6 cycles. Radiation (3 × 8 Gy) is given on days 1, 3 and 5 of the first pembrolizumab dose. The safety run-in consists of 6 patients. In total, 18 and 25 evaluable patients for cervical and endometrial carcinoma respectively are foreseen to enroll. No sample size is determined for uterine sarcoma due to its rarity. The primary objective is objective response rate at week 26 according to immune-related response criteria. Secondary objectives include safety, objective response rate at week 26 according to RECIST v1.1, best overall response, progression-free survival, overall survival and quality of life. Exploratory, translational research aims to evaluate immune biomarkers, extracellular vesicles, cell death biomarkers and the gut microbiome. DISCUSSION In this study, a combination of PD-1 blockade, radiation and immune/environmental-targeting compounds is tested, aiming to tackle the tumor microenvironment and induce anti-tumor immunity. Translational research is performed to discover biomarkers related to the mode of action of the combination. TRIAL REGISTRATION EU Clinical Trials Register: EudraCT 2016-001569-97 , registered on 19-6-2017. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03192059 , registered on 19-6-2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Tuyaerts
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Eline Naert
- Division of Medical Oncology, UZ Gent, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Gent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter A. Van Dam
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology and Senology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter Vuylsteke
- Division of Oncology, CHU UCL Namur, Sainte Elisabeth, Namur, Belgium
| | - Alex De Caluwé
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Aspeslagh
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Piet Dirix
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Iridium Cancer Network, Antwerp, Belgium
- Division of Molecular Imaging, Pathology, Radiotherapy & Oncology (MIPRO), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lien Lippens
- Division of Medical Oncology, UZ Gent, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Gent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emiel De Jaeghere
- Division of Medical Oncology, UZ Gent, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Gent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Amant
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Gynecology & Obstetrics, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Katrien Vandecasteele
- Cancer Research Institute Gent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Division of Radiation Oncology, UZ Gent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hannelore Denys
- Division of Medical Oncology, UZ Gent, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Gent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
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Vitamin D-induced vitamin D receptor expression induces tamoxifen sensitivity in MCF-7 stem cells via suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180595. [PMID: 30314996 PMCID: PMC6435469 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for the drug resistance of breast cancers. Vitamin D deficiency promotes tumor resistance. The present study examined the effect of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression on the tamoxifen resistance of CSCs. Methods: MCF-7 cells were treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 and their levels of VDR expression, viability, and apoptosis were detected. CD133+ MCF-7 stem cells were identified and transfected with a VDR-overexpression plasmid. The tamoxifen concentration that reduced MCF-7 cell viability by 50% (IC50) was determined. The activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling was also investigated. Results: Vitamin D reduced the viability of MCF-7 cells and promoted their apoptosis. Vitamin D enhanced VDR expression and induced DNA damage. When CD133+ stem cells were separated from MCF-7 cells, the IC50 of tamoxifen for stem cells was significantly higher than that of parental MCF-7 cells, suggesting a higher tamoxifen resistance in MCF-7 stem cells. Levels of VDR expression and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in CD133+ cells were markedly lower and higher than those in CD133− cells, respectively. Stem cells transfected with VDR overexpression plasmids showed decreased tamoxifen IC50 values, viability, spheroid formation, and expression of Wnt and β-catenin proteins when compared with control cells. Cell apoptosis was increased by transfection with a VDR overexpression plasmid. Finally, the inhibitory effects induced by VDR overexpression could be reversed by the VDR inhibitor, calcifediol. Conclusion: Stem cells contributed to the tamoxifen resistance of MCF-7 cells. Vitamin D-induced VDR expression increased the sensitivity of MCF-7 stem cells to tamoxifen by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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27
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McConnell DD, McGreevy JW, Williams MN, Litofsky NS. Do Anti-Oxidants Vitamin D 3, Melatonin, and Alpha-Lipoic Acid Have Synergistic Effects with Temozolomide on Cultured Glioblastoma Cells? MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 5:E58. [PMID: 29925764 PMCID: PMC6023526 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5020058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cancer patients often take over-the-counter anti-oxidants as primary treatment or in combination with chemotherapy. Data about such use in glioblastoma is limited. Methods: Cultured U87-MG cells, a primary glioblastoma cell line (MU1454), U87-MG derived stem-like cells (scU87), and MU1454 derived stem-like cell lines (scMU1454) were pre-treated with one of three anti-oxidants—Vitamin D₃, Melatonin, and alpha-lipoic acid (LA)—for 72 h, followed by a 72 h treatment with temozolomide (TMZ). MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assessed cell proliferation. DCFDA Cellular ROS Detection Assay and Glutathione peroxidase (GP×1) activity assessed the anti-oxidant effect of TMZ +/− an anti-oxidant drug. Results: Vitamin D₃ did not affect MU1454, but had slight TMZ synergism for U87-MG. Melatonin 1 mM decreased U87-MG and MU1454 cell proliferation. As pretreatment to TMZ, melatonin 1 mM and 50 nM significantly reduced proliferation. LA 1 mM had a significant effect alone or with TMZ on U87-MG and MU1454. LA 250 uM also reduced proliferation by almost 50%. Melatonin and LA significantly enhanced the responsiveness of scMU1454 to TMZ, while Melatonin 50 nM exerted similar effects on scU87. The anti-oxidants were associated with generally decreased reactive oxygen species and limited GP×1 effects. Conclusions: Anti-oxidants may have synergistic effects with TMZ. LA offers the most promise, followed by melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane D McConnell
- Division of Neurological Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, One Hospital Drive, MC 321, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
| | - Joe W McGreevy
- Division of Neurological Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, One Hospital Drive, MC 321, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
| | - Macy N Williams
- Division of Neurological Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, One Hospital Drive, MC 321, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
| | - N Scott Litofsky
- Division of Neurological Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, One Hospital Drive, MC 321, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
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28
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Tommie JL, Pinney SM, Nommsen-Rivers LA. Serum Vitamin D Status and Breast Cancer Risk by Receptor Status: A Systematic Review. Nutr Cancer 2018; 70:804-820. [PMID: 29781719 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1470653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between vitamin D status and breast cancer risk is equivocal. No systematic reviews or meta-analyses have examined this association stratified by receptor status. Our objective is to conduct a systematic review to answer the question, "Is there a relationship between lower serum/plasma vitamin D levels and increased risk of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) specifically?" METHODS We systematically searched Embase and PubMed databases for published original research studies examining the risk of a breast cancer diagnosis according to vitamin D status. We excluded studies that did not provide risk estimates stratified by receptor status. RESULTS Fourteen studies met our criteria, including case-control, nested case-control, and case-series studies, reflecting the cumulative results of 13,135 breast cancer cases. When grouped by relevancy to TNBC, the proportion of analyses across all study types showing a significant association between vitamin D status and breast cancer diagnosis was 37% for non-TNBC analyses, 48% for analyses that included some TNBC cases, and 88% for TNBC analyses. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that low vitamin D status may particularly increase the risk of TNBC, although more research is needed to determine if this association is causative. Women should be routinely screened for 25(OH)D deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Tommie
- a Department of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutritional Sciences , College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio , USA
| | - Susan M Pinney
- b Department of Environmental Health , College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio , USA
| | - Laurie A Nommsen-Rivers
- a Department of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutritional Sciences , College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio , USA
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29
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Chen Y, Sun Z, Xu J, Wang P, Tang J, Shi X, Liu J, Ren F, Xu L. Vitamin D and DDX4 regulate the proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:905-909. [PMID: 29963162 PMCID: PMC6019908 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most commonly occurring types of cancer and one of the most common causes of cancer-associated mortality in women. Diagnosis of ovarian cancer at an early stage is difficult due to the lack of specific symptoms. In the present study, it is demonstrated that active vitamin D treatment prohibited the proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer cells, and the expression level of a germ cell specific marker DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp)-box helicase 4 (DDX4), which is overexpressed in ovarian cancer, was downregulated by active vitamin D treatment. Knockdown of DDX4 by siRNA could also suppress the invasive ability of ovarian cancer cells. Therefore, DDX4 may be considered as a diagnostic marker of ovarian cancer, and vitamin D may be a candidate drug for ovarian cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youguo Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Ziqian Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jingbo Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Peifang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Juan Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Xiaorui Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Ren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Lan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
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30
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Lin JW, Wang H. Progress in research of cancer stem cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2017; 25:2776-2781. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v25.i31.2776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells are a class of malignant cancer cells characterized by self-renewal, high tumorigenicity, differentiation potential, and drug resistance. They not only retain the characteristics of normal stem cells, but also possess their unique features. The study of cancer stem cells can help us develop new strategies for targeted therapy of cancer. In this paper, we will discuss the definition of cancer stem cells, their surface markers, detection methods, and separation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Wang Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liuyang People's Hospital, Liuyang Hospital Affiliated to Changsha Medical University, Liuyang 410300, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liuyang People's Hospital, Liuyang Hospital Affiliated to Changsha Medical University, Liuyang 410300, Hunan Province, China
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31
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Shan NL, Wahler J, Lee HJ, Bak MJ, Gupta SD, Maehr H, Suh N. Vitamin D compounds inhibit cancer stem-like cells and induce differentiation in triple negative breast cancer. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 173:122-129. [PMID: 27923595 PMCID: PMC5459680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer is one of the least responsive breast cancer subtypes to available targeted therapies due to the absence of hormonal receptors, aggressive phenotypes, and the high rate of relapse. Early breast cancer prevention may therefore play an important role in delaying the progression of triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer stem cells are a subset of cancer cells that are thought to be responsible for tumor progression, treatment resistance, and metastasis. We have previously shown that vitamin D compounds, including a Gemini vitamin D analog BXL0124, suppress progression of ductal carcinoma in situ in vivo and inhibit cancer stem-like cells in MCF10DCIS mammosphere cultures. In the present study, the effects of vitamin D compounds in regulating breast cancer stem-like cells and differentiation in triple-negative breast cancer were assessed. Mammosphere cultures, which enriches for breast cancer cells with stem-like properties, were used to assess the effects of 1α,25(OH)2D3 and BXL0124 on cancer stem cell markers in the triple-negative breast cancer cell line, SUM159. Vitamin D compounds significantly reduced the mammosphere forming efficiency in primary, secondary and tertiary passages of mammospheres compared to control groups. Key markers of cancer stem-like phenotype and pluripotency were analyzed in mammospheres treated with 1α,25(OH)2D3 and BXL0124. As a result, OCT4, CD44 and LAMA5 levels were decreased. The vitamin D compounds also down-regulated the Notch signaling molecules, Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, JAG1, JAG2, HES1 and NFκB, which are involved in breast cancer stem cell maintenance. In addition, the vitamin D compounds up-regulated myoepithelial differentiating markers, cytokeratin 14 and smooth muscle actin, and down-regulated the luminal marker, cytokeratin 18. Cytokeratin 5, a biomarker associated with basal-like breast cancer, was found to be significantly down-regulated by the vitamin D compounds. These results suggest that vitamin D compounds may serve as potential preventive agents to inhibit triple negative breast cancer by regulating cancer stem cells and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naing Lin Shan
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, NJ, USA
| | - Joseph Wahler
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, NJ, USA
| | - Hong Jin Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
| | - Min Ji Bak
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, NJ, USA
| | - Soumyasri Das Gupta
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, NJ, USA
| | - Hubert Maehr
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, NJ, USA
| | - Nanjoo Suh
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, NJ, USA; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
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32
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Wu C, Zhu X, Liu W, Ruan T, Tao K. Hedgehog signaling pathway in colorectal cancer: function, mechanism, and therapy. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:3249-3259. [PMID: 28721076 PMCID: PMC5501640 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s139639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers worldwide. It is a complicated and often fatal cancer, and is related to a high disease-related mortality. Around 90% of mortalities are caused by the metastasis of CRC. Current treatment statistics shows a less than 5% 5-year survival for patients with metastatic disease. The development and metastasis of CRC involve multiple factors and mechanisms. The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays an important role in embryogenesis and somatic development. Abnormal activation of the Hh pathway has been proven to be related to several types of human cancers. The role of Hh signaling in CRC, however, remains controversial. In this review, we will go through previous literature on the Hh signaling and its functions in the formation, proliferation, and metastasis of CRC. We will also discuss the potential of targeting Hh signaling pathway in the treatment, prognosis, and prevention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqing Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weizhen Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tuo Ruan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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33
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Uchida K, Tanaka Y, Ichikawa H, Watanabe M, Mitani S, Morita K, Fujii H, Ishikawa M, Yoshino G, Okinaga H, Nagae G, Aburatani H, Ikeda Y, Susa T, Tamamori-Adachi M, Fukusato T, Uozaki H, Okazaki T, Iizuka M. An Excess of CYP24A1, Lack of CaSR, and a Novel lncRNA Near the PTH Gene Characterize an Ectopic PTH-Producing Tumor. J Endocr Soc 2017; 1:691-711. [PMID: 29264523 PMCID: PMC5686629 DOI: 10.1210/js.2017-00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Thus far, only 23 cases of the ectopic production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) have been reported. We have characterized the genome-wide transcription profile of an ectopic PTH-producing tumor originating from a retroperitoneal histiocytoma. We found that the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) was barely expressed in the tumor. Lack of CaSR, a crucial braking apparatus in the presence of both intraparathyroid and, probably, serendipitous PTH expression, might contribute strongly to the establishment and maintenance of the ectopic transcriptional activation of the PTH gene in nonparathyroid cells. Along with candidate drivers with a crucial frameshift mutation or copy number variation at specific chromosomal areas obtained from whole exome sequencing, we identified robust tumor-specific cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1 (CYP24A1) overproduction, which was not observed in other non–PTH-expressing retroperitoneal histiocytoma and parathyroid adenoma samples. We then found a 2.5-kb noncoding RNA in the PTH 3′-downstream region that was exclusively present in the parathyroid adenoma and our tumor. Such a co-occurrence might act as another driver of ectopic PTH-producing tumorigenesis; both might release the control of PTH gene expression by shutting down the other branches of the safety system (e.g., CaSR and the vitamin D3–vitamin D receptor axis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Uchida
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan.,Department of General Practice, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 359-0042, Japan
| | - Yuji Tanaka
- Department of General Practice, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 359-0042, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ichikawa
- Genetics Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Masato Watanabe
- Department of Pathology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Mitani
- Genetics Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Koji Morita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Hiroko Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo 154-8532, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ishikawa
- Diabetes and Arteriosclerosis, Nippon Medical School, Musashikosugi Hospital, Kanagawa 211-8533, Japan
| | - Gen Yoshino
- Center for Diabetes, Shinsuma General Hospital, Hyogo 654-0047, Japan
| | - Hiroko Okinaga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Genta Nagae
- Genome Science Laboratory Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Genome Science Laboratory Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Ikeda
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Takao Susa
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Mimi Tamamori-Adachi
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Toshio Fukusato
- Department of Pathology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Uozaki
- Department of Pathology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Tomoki Okazaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Iizuka
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
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34
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Gao J, Long B, Wang Z. Role of Notch signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:173-186. [PMID: 28337369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 09/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the highly aggressive malignancies in the United States. It has been shown that multiple signaling pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of PC, such as JNK, PI3K/AKT, Rho GTPase, Hedgehog (Hh) and Skp2. In recent years, accumulated evidence has demonstrated that Notch signaling pathway plays critical roles in the development and progression of PC. Therefore, in this review we discuss the recent literature regarding the function and regulation of Notch in the pathogenesis of PC. Moreover, we describe that Notch signaling pathway could be down-regulated by its inhibitors or natural compounds, which could be a novel approach for the treatment of PC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Gao
- Sichuan College of Tranditional Chinese Medicine Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Long
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mianyang 404 Hospital Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123, China; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolMA 02215, USA
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Effects of 1,25(OH)₂D₃ on Cancer Cells and Potential Applications in Combination with Established and Putative Anti-Cancer Agents. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9010087. [PMID: 28124999 PMCID: PMC5295131 DOI: 10.3390/nu9010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The diverse effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (1,25(OH)₂D₃), the bio-active form of vitamin D, on cancer cell metabolism and proliferation has made it an interesting candidate as a supporting therapeutic option in cancer treatment. An important strategy in cancer therapy is the use of combination chemotherapy to overcome drug resistance associated with numerous anti-cancer agents and to provide better means of avoiding undesirable side effects. This complex strategy is widely adopted by oncologists and several established "cocktails" of chemotherapeutics are routinely administered to cancer patients. Among the principles followed in designing such treatment regimens is the use of drugs with different mechanisms of action to overcome the issue of tumor heterogeneity and to evade resistance. In light of the profound and diverse effects of 1,25(OH)₂D₃ reported by in vitro and in vivo studies, we discuss how these effects could support the use of this molecule in combination with "classical" cytotoxic drugs, such as platins and anti-metabolites, for the treatment of solid and hematological tumors. We also examine recent evidence supporting synergistic activities with other promising anti-cancer drug candidates, and postulate mechanisms through which 1,25(OH)₂D₃ may help evade chemoresistance.
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Guo J, Yu W, Su H, Pang X. Genomic landscape of gastric cancer: molecular classification and potential targets. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2016; 60:126-137. [PMID: 27460193 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-0034-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer imposes a considerable health burden worldwide, and its mortality ranks as the second highest for all types of cancers. The limited knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying gastric cancer tumorigenesis hinders the development of therapeutic strategies. However, ongoing collaborative sequencing efforts facilitate molecular classification and unveil the genomic landscape of gastric cancer. Several new drivers and tumorigenic pathways in gastric cancer, including chromatin remodeling genes, RhoA-related pathways, TP53 dysregulation, activation of receptor tyrosine kinases, stem cell pathways and abnormal DNA methylation, have been revealed. These newly identified genomic alterations await translation into clinical diagnosis and targeted therapies. Considering that loss-of-function mutations are intractable, synthetic lethality could be employed when discussing feasible therapeutic strategies. Although many challenges remain to be tackled, we are optimistic regarding improvements in the prognosis and treatment of gastric cancer in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Weiwei Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Hui Su
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xiufeng Pang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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The Effect of Analogues of 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₂ on the Regrowth and Gene Expression of Human Colon Cancer Cells Refractory to 5-Fluorouracil. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060903. [PMID: 27314328 PMCID: PMC4926437 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of hypocalcemic analogues of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₂ (1,25D2) and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (1,25D3) to inhibit regrowth and regulate the stemness-related gene expression in colon cancer cells undergoing renewal after exposure to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). All of the tested analogues of 1,25D2 equally potently decreased the clonogenicity and the proliferative activity of HT-29 cells which survived the exposure to 5-FU, but differently regulated gene expression of these cells during their renewal. 1,25D2 and analogues (PRI-1907 and PRI-1917), as well as 1,25D3 and analogue PRI-2191, decreased the relative expression level of several stemness-related genes, such as NANOG, OCT3/4, PROM1, SOX2, ALDHA1, CXCR4, in HT-29/5-FU cells during their renewal, in comparison to untreated HT-29/5-FU cells. The other 1,25D2 analogues (PRI-1906 and PRI-1916) were not capable of downregulating the expression of these stemness-related genes as the analogues PRI-1907 and PRI-1917 did. All of the tested vitamin D analogues upregulated CDH1, the gene encoding E-cadherin associated with epithelial phenotype. Out of the series of analogues studied, side-chain branched analogues of 1,25D2 (PRI-1907, PRI-1917) and the analogue of 1,25D3 (PRI-2191) might be used to target cancer cells with stem-like phenotypes that survive conventional chemotherapy.
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Nucleotide Excision Repair and Vitamin D--Relevance for Skin Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:372. [PMID: 27058533 PMCID: PMC4848881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is involved in almost all skin cancer cases, but on the other hand, it stimulates the production of pre-vitamin D3, whose active metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25VD3), plays important physiological functions on binding with its receptor (vitamin D receptor, VDR). UV-induced DNA damages in the form of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers or (6-4)-pyrimidine-pyrimidone photoproducts are frequently found in skin cancer and its precursors. Therefore, removing these lesions is essential for the prevention of skin cancer. As UV-induced DNA damages are repaired by nucleotide excision repair (NER), the interaction of 1,25VD3 with NER components can be important for skin cancer transformation. Several studies show that 1,25VD3 protects DNA against damage induced by UV, but the exact mechanism of this protection is not completely clear. 1,25VD3 was also shown to affect cell cycle regulation and apoptosis in several signaling pathways, so it can be considered as a potential modulator of the cellular DNA damage response, which is crucial for mutagenesis and cancer transformation. 1,25VD3 was shown to affect DNA repair and potentially NER through decreasing nitrosylation of DNA repair enzymes by NO overproduction by UV, but other mechanisms of the interaction between 1,25VD3 and NER machinery also are suggested. Therefore, the array of NER gene functioning could be analyzed and an appropriate amount of 1.25VD3 could be recommended to decrease UV-induced DNA damage important for skin cancer transformation.
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Swami S, Krishnan AV, Williams J, Aggarwal A, Albertelli MA, Horst RL, Feldman BJ, Feldman D. Vitamin D mitigates the adverse effects of obesity on breast cancer in mice. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:251-64. [PMID: 26817629 PMCID: PMC4889430 DOI: 10.1530/erc-15-0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is an established risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer (BCa), insulin resistance, and vitamin D deficiency, and all contribute to increased synthesis of mammary estrogens, the drivers of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) BCa growth. As both dietary vitamin D and calcitriol treatments inhibit breast estrogen synthesis and signaling, we hypothesized that vitamin D would be especially beneficial in mitigating the adverse effects of obesity on ER+BCa. To assess whether obesity exerted adverse effects on BCa growth and whether vitamin D compounds could reduce these unfavorable effects, we employed a diet-induced obesity (DIO) model in ovariectomized C57BL/6 mice. Breast tumor cells originally from syngeneic Mmtv-Wnt1 transgenic mice were then implanted into the mammary fat pads of lean and obese mice. DIO accelerated the initiation and progression of the mammary tumors. Treatments with either calcitriol or dietary vitamin D reduced the adverse effects of obesity causing a delay in tumor appearance and inhibiting continued tumor growth. Beneficial actions of treatments with vitamin D or calcitriol on BCa and surrounding adipose tissue included repressed Esr1, aromatase, and Cox2 expression; decreased tumor-derived estrogen and PGE2; reduced expression of leptin receptors; and increased adiponectin receptors. We demonstrate that vitamin D treatments decreased insulin resistance, reduced leptin, and increased adiponectin signaling and also regulated the LKB1/AMPK pathway contributing to an overall decrease in local estrogen synthesis in the obese mice. We conclude that calcitriol and dietary vitamin D, acting by multiple interrelated pathways, mitigate obesity-enhanced BCa growth in a postmenopausal setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srilatha Swami
- Department of Medicine-EndocrinologyStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aruna V Krishnan
- Department of Pediatrics-EndocrinologyStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jasmaine Williams
- Department of Pediatrics-EndocrinologyStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA Cancer Biology ProgramStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Abhishek Aggarwal
- Department of Pediatrics-EndocrinologyStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Megan A Albertelli
- Department of Comparative MedicineStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Brian J Feldman
- Department of Pediatrics-EndocrinologyStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA Cancer Biology ProgramStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative MedicineStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA Stanford Cancer InstituteStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David Feldman
- Department of Medicine-EndocrinologyStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA Stanford Cancer InstituteStanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Papi A, Orlandi M. Role of nuclear receptors in breast cancer stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2016; 8:62-72. [PMID: 27022437 PMCID: PMC4807310 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v8.i3.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The recapitulation of primary tumour heterogenity and the existence of a minor sub-population of cancer cells, capable of initiating tumour growth in xenografts on serial passages, led to the hypothesis that cancer stem cells (CSCs) exist. CSCs are present in many tumours, among which is breast cancer. Breast CSCs (BCSCs) are likely to sustain the growth of the primary tumour mass, as well as to be responsible for disease relapse and metastatic spreading. Consequently, BCSCs represent the most significant target for new drugs in breast cancer therapy. Both the hypoxic condition in BCSCs biology and pro-inflammatory cytokine network has gained increasing importance in the recent past. Breast stromal cells are crucial components of the tumours milieu and are a major source of inflammatory mediators. Recently, the anti-inflammatory role of some nuclear receptors ligands has emerged in several diseases, including breast cancer. Therefore, the use of nuclear receptors ligands may be a valid strategy to inhibit BCSCs viability and consequently breast cancer growth and disease relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Papi
- Alessio Papi, Marina Orlandi, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science (BiGea), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marina Orlandi
- Alessio Papi, Marina Orlandi, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science (BiGea), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Tume L, Paco K, Ubidia-Incio R, Moya J. CD133 in breast cancer cells and in breast cancer stem cells as another target for immunotherapy. GACETA MEXICANA DE ONCOLOGÍA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gamo.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Garg M. Emerging role of microRNAs in cancer stem cells: Implications in cancer therapy. World J Stem Cells 2015; 7:1078-1089. [PMID: 26435768 PMCID: PMC4591786 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i8.1078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A small subset of cancer cells that act as tumor initiating cells or cancer stem cells (CSCs) maintain self-renewal and growth promoting capabilities of cancer and are responsible for drug/treatment resistance, tumor recurrence and metastasis. Due to their potential clinical importance, many researchers have put their efforts over decades to unravel the molecular mechanisms that regulate CSCs functions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) which are 21-23 nucleotide long, endogenous non-coding RNAs, regulate gene expression through gene silencing at post-transcriptional level by binding to the 3’-untranslated regions or the open reading frames of target genes, thereby result in target mRNA degradation or its translational repression and serve important role in several cellular, physiological and developmental processes. Aberrant miRNAs expression and their implication in CSCs regulation by controlling asymmetric cell division, drug/treatment resistance and metastasis make miRNAs a tool of great therapeutic potential against cancer. Recent advancements on the biological complexities of CSCs, modulation in CSCs properties by miRNA network and development of miRNA based treatment strategies specifically targeting the CSCs as an attractive therapeutic targets for clinical application are being critically analysed.
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Zhao J, Du F, Luo Y, Shen G, Zheng F, Xu B. The emerging role of hypoxia-inducible factor-2 involved in chemo/radioresistance in solid tumors. Cancer Treat Rev 2015; 41:623-33. [PMID: 25981453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The hypoxic condition is a common feature that negatively impacts the efficacy of radio- and chemotherapy in solid tumors. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1, 2, 3) predominantly regulate the adaptation to hypoxia at the cellular or organismal level. HIF-2 is one of the three known alpha subunits of HIF transcription factors. Previous studies have shown that HIF-1 is associated with chemotherapy failure. Accumulating evidence in recent years suggests that HIF-2 also contributes to chemo/radioresistance in solid tumors. Despite sharing similar structures, HIF-1α and HIF-2α had highly divergent and even opposing roles in solid tumors under hypoxic conditions. Recent studies have also implied that HIF-2α had a role in chemo/radioresistance through different mechanisms, at least partly, compared to HIF-1α. The present paper summarizes the function of HIF-2 in chemo/radioresistance in solid tumors as well as some of its novel mechanisms that contributed to this pathological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuda Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China; Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Feng Du
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Guoshuang Shen
- Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Fangchao Zheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Binghe Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
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Possible role of vitamin D3 on the adipocyte/fibroblast trans-differentiation mediated by pancreas cancer. CURRENT HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 2015; 41:5-10. [PMID: 30151244 PMCID: PMC6057533 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.41.01.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In pancreatic tumors, white adipose tissue and metabolic disorders related to
adipocytes, are recently reviewed as important co-factors in pancreas pathology.
Cell differentiation in pancreatic cancer might involve therefore adipose tissue
and factors released by adipocytes should play a fundamental role both in cancer
onset and in its progression. Among these molecules, a great interest has been
devoted quite recently to the hormonal role exerted by vitamin D3 in pancreatic
cancer, particularly its active 1,25 dihydroxylated form. Despite the wide bulk
of evidence reporting the chemopreventive role of vitamin D, the mechanism by
which active vitamin D3 is able to counteract cancer progression and malignancy
is yet far to be elucidated.
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45
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Nishi Y, Hatano S, Aihara K, Kihara M. [Significance of copper analysis in clinical tests]. Mol Nutr Food Res 1990; 60:119-33. [PMID: 2622002 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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