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Alkan S, Gürbüz E. Bibliometric Analysis of the Publications on Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Published Between 2012-2022. INFECTIOUS DISEASES & CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2023; 5:221-230. [PMID: 38633555 PMCID: PMC10986682 DOI: 10.36519/idcm.2023.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the global scientific output related to the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) between 2012 and 2022. Materials and Methods The Web of Science database was searched for articles on MERS-CoV published between 2012 and 2022 for bibliometric analysis. The parameters such as publication year, publication type, funding agencies, research institutions, journals, impact factors, language, and citation numbers of articles were analyzed. Results We included 1475 articles on MERS-CoV from 86 countries. The United States was the most published country on MERS-CoV, with 487 articles. The Saudi Ministry of Health (7.53%), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (6.92%), and The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (6.64%) were the most published institutions. The researchers who published the most on MERS-CoV were from Saudi Arabia. One thousand two hundred six funding agencies funded publications on MERS-CoV, most of which were funded by agencies from the United States. Conclusion MERS-CoV remains important because no treatment and no vaccine have been found since it was first detected, and accordingly, it continues to affect the world with new outbreaks and high mortality rates. In addition, experiences with MERS-CoV during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have guided new research on COVID-19, so scientific interest in MERS-CoV is still ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Alkan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine, Çanakkale, Türkiye
| | - Esra Gürbüz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Van Training and Research Hospital, Van, Türkiye
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2
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Mostafa M, Barhoum A, Sehit E, Gewaid H, Mostafa E, Omran MM, Abdalla MS, Abdel-Haleem FM, Altintas Z, Forster RJ. Current trends in COVID-19 diagnosis and its new variants in physiological fluids: Surface antigens, antibodies, nucleic acids, and RNA sequencing. Trends Analyt Chem 2022; 157:116750. [PMID: 36060607 PMCID: PMC9425703 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Rapid, highly sensitive, and accurate virus circulation monitoring techniques are critical to limit the spread of the virus and reduce the social and economic burden. Therefore, point-of-use diagnostic devices have played a critical role in addressing the outbreak of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) viruses. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current techniques developed for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in various body fluids (e.g., blood, urine, feces, saliva, tears, and semen) and considers the mutations (i.e., Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Omicron). We classify and comprehensively discuss the detection methods depending on the biomarker measured (i.e., surface antigen, antibody, and nucleic acid) and the measurement techniques such as lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), microarray analysis, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and biosensors. Finally, we addressed the challenges of rapidly identifying emerging variants, detecting the virus in the early stages of infection, the detection sensitivity, selectivity, and specificity, and commented on how these challenges can be overcome in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menna Mostafa
- NanoStruc Research Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, 11795, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Barhoum
- National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, D09 V209, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ekin Sehit
- Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, 10623, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, 24143, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hossam Gewaid
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin, D02R590, Ireland
| | - Eslam Mostafa
- Borg Pharmaceutical Industries, Refaat Hassan St, Al Abageyah, El-Khalifa, Cairo Governorate, 16, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Omran
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, 11795, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohga S Abdalla
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, 11795, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatehy M Abdel-Haleem
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
- Center for Hazards Mitigation, Environmental Studies and Research (CHMESR), Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Zeynep Altintas
- Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, 10623, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, 24143, Kiel, Germany
| | - Robert J Forster
- National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, D09 V209, Dublin, Ireland
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3
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Strategies to Improve Patient Flow in the Emergency Department during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review of Our Experience. Emerg Med Int 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/2715647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a tremendous strain on the global healthcare system. Emergency departments worldwide have been challenged to the extreme end. This has led clinicians and policy creators to rearrange patient flow pathways for an efficient emergency department (ED). Methods. It was reported according to our experience of utilizing a novel strategy to enhance patient flow while reducing the risk of infection transmission among patients and healthcare staff. This included the development of three layers of triage. First, an outer checkpoint prior to the hospital entrance was established to identify eligible patients for emergency department visits. The second layer of triage is located at the ED entrance to direct patients either to the respiratory or nonrespiratory care area to identify potentially infected patients and the third is the routine full triage activity. Then, after completing a clinical assessment in the ED, physicians determine the need for an inpatient isolation unit, a nonisolation inpatient unit, or discharge. Moreover, examples of additional measures were substantial changes to shift schedules; rerouting ambulance crews with COVID patients to inpatient beds directly bypassing the ED; controlled use of personal protective equipment (PPE); and implementing appropriate COVID-19 screening tests. Results. During the peak of the pandemic, our strategies achieved favorable results and minimized unnecessary ED visits without any patient complications. Conclusion. This current study provides a set of newly developed steps and procedures that can be further control patient flow pathways and maintain a low risk of infection transmission to a manageable level for an efficient ED.
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Oh HK, Kim K, Park J, Im H, Maher S, Kim MG. Plasmon color-preserved gold nanoparticle clusters for high sensitivity detection of SARS-CoV-2 based on lateral flow immunoassay. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 205:114094. [PMID: 35202985 PMCID: PMC8851749 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Lateral flow immunoassays (LFI) have shown great promise for point-of-care (POC) sensing applications, however, its clinical translation is often hindered by insufficient sensitivity for early detection of diseases, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This is mainly due to weak absorption signals of single gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Here, we developed AuNP clusters that maintain the red color of isolated individual AuNPs, but increase the colorimetric readout to improve the detection sensitivity. The plasmon color-preserved (PLASCOP) AuNP clusters is simply made by mixing streptavidin-coated AuNP core with satellite AuNPs coated with biotinylated antibodies. The biotinylated antibody-streptavidin linker forms a gap size over 15 nm to avoid plasmon coupling between AuNPs, thus maintaining the plasmonic color while increasing the overall light absorption. LFI sensing using PLASCOP AuNP clusters composed of 40 nm AuNPs showed a high detection sensitivity for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid proteins with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.038 ng mL−1, which was 23.8- and 5.9-times lower value than that of single 15 nm and 40 nm AuNP conjugates, respectively. The PLASCOP AuNP clusters-based LFI sensing also shows good specificity for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid proteins from other influenza and coronaviruses. In a clinical feasibility test, we demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 particles spiked in human saliva could be detected with an LOD of 54 TCID50 mL−1. The developed PLASCOP AuNP clusters are promising colorimetric sensing reporters that present improved sensitivity in LFI sensing for broad POC sensing applications beyond SARS-CoV-2 detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Kyung Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea; Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GJ, UK
| | - Kihyeun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea; Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jinhee Park
- GMD BIOTECH, INC, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungsoon Im
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Simon Maher
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GJ, UK
| | - Min-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea; GMD BIOTECH, INC, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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The Public Health Governance of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Bibliometric Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10020299. [PMID: 35206913 PMCID: PMC8872432 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2019 global outbreak of COVID-19 has had a huge impact on public health governance systems around the world. In response, numerous scholars have conducted research on public health governance in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper provides a bibliometric analysis of 1437 documents retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) core collection database, with 49,695 references. It analyses the research directions, countries of publications, core journals, leading authors and institutions and important publications. The paper also summarises research trends by analysing the co-occurrence of keywords, frequently cited documents and co-cited references. It summarises the global responses to COVID-19, including public health interventions and a range of supporting policies based on the features and impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper provides comprehensive literary support and clear lines of research for future studies on the governance or regulation of public health emergencies.
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Advanced high-throughput biosensor-based diagnostic approaches for detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2. COMPUTATIONAL APPROACHES FOR NOVEL THERAPEUTIC AND DIAGNOSTIC DESIGNING TO MITIGATE SARS-COV-2 INFECTION 2022. [PMCID: PMC9300484 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-91172-6.00014-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Given the global Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the transmission, and mortality rate increased drastically and affected the healthcare, financial sectors, and livelihood of the common man. The use of conventional diagnostic tools like reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction enabled to screen and detecting the spread at a normal pace that had few limitations embedded into their operation, such as complex operation, slow response time, inaccurate results, single laboratory-based operation, and limited sample processing capacity. Consequently, the biosensors have merits that helped in point of care testing, rapid response, simple operation, and multiplex detection among others. Moreover, other advancements in diagnostic tools provided the ability of multiplexing and multioperation attributes for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2 that enabled the high-throughput diagnosis of the viral infection in real samples with faster and accurate results. Further, modifications in their methodology, design and detection strategy facilitated their high-throughput property to help in the effective management of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Akay M, Subramaniam S, Brennan C, Bonato P, Waits CMK, Wheeler BC, Fotiadis DI. Healthcare Innovations to Address the Challenges of the COVID-19 Pandemic. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2022; 26:3294-3302. [PMID: 35077374 PMCID: PMC9423029 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2022.3144941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We have been faced with an unprecedented challenge in combating the COVID-19/SARS-CoV2 outbreak that is threatening the fabric of our civilization, causing catastrophic human losses and a tremendous economic burden globally. During this difficult time, there has been an urgent need for biomedical engineers, clinicians, and healthcare industry leaders to work together to develop novel diagnostics and treatments to fight the pandemic including the development of portable, rapidly deployable, and affordable diagnostic testing kits, personal protective equipment, mechanical ventilators, vaccines, and data analysis and modeling tools. In this position paper, we address the urgent need to bring these inventions into clinical practices. This paper highlights and summarizes the discussions and new technologies in COVID-19 healthcare, screening, tracing, and treatment-related presentations made at the IEEE EMBS Public Forum on COVID-19. The paper also provides recent studies, statistics and data and new perspectives on ongoing and future challenges pertaining to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Eissa S, Al-Kattan K, Zourob M. Combination of Carbon Nanofiber-Based Electrochemical Biosensor and Cotton Fiber: A Device for the Detection of the Middle-East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:32072-32080. [PMID: 34870028 PMCID: PMC8638009 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The miniaturization of biosensors for point-of-care diagnosis is highly important in infection control. Electrochemical biosensors offer several advantages in diagnosis in terms of cost, disposability, portability, and sensitivity. Here, a miniaturized electrochemical immunosensor combined with cotton fiber for the detection of the Middle-East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is described. Taking advantage of the absorption capability of cotton, the nasal and saliva samples can be collected and directly transferred to the immunosensor surface for detection using a single tool. The immunosensor was fabricated on a disposable screen-printed electrode precoated with carbon nanofibers. The electrodes were functionalized with carboxyphenyl groups that were used for the immobilization of the spike protein of the MERS-CoV. A competitive detection scheme was employed using the antibody for the MERS-CoV spike protein, and the square-wave voltammetry technique was used for measurements. The biosensor tested after the cotton coating of the electrode exhibited excellent performance. The biosensor was capable of detecting the MERS-CoV spike protein within a concentration range from 0.1 pg·mL-1 to 1 μg·mL-1 with a limit of detection of 0.07 pg·mL, implying the high sensitivity of the method. The immunosensor did not exhibit any cross-reactivity against proteins from HCoV and Influenza A, indicating the excellent selectivity of this approach. Testing of the biosensor in nasal samples showed very high recovery percentages. This disposable biosensor can be used as a miniaturized device for the collection of samples and detection of the virus using a portable potentiostat connected to a smartphone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa Eissa
- Department
of Chemistry, Alfaisal University, Al Zahrawi Street, Al Maather, Al
Takhassusi Road, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Al-Kattan
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Al Zahrawi Street, Al Maather, Al Takhassusi Road, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Zourob
- Department
of Chemistry, Alfaisal University, Al Zahrawi Street, Al Maather, Al
Takhassusi Road, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Saad RK, Al Nsour M, Khader Y, Al Gunaid M. Public Health Surveillance Systems in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: Bibliometric Analysis of Scientific Literature. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021; 7:e32639. [PMID: 34723831 PMCID: PMC8593796 DOI: 10.2196/32639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) hosts some of the world's worst humanitarian and health crises. The implementation of health surveillance in this region has faced multiple constraints. New and novel approaches in surveillance are in a constant state of high and immediate demand. Identifying the existing literature on surveillance helps foster an understanding of scientific development and thus potentially supports future development directions. OBJECTIVE This study aims to illustrate the scientific production, quantify the scholarly impact, and highlight the characteristics of publications on public health surveillance in the EMR over the past decade. METHODS We performed a Scopus search using keywords related to public health surveillance or its disciplines, cross-referenced with EMR countries, from 2011 to July 2021. Data were exported and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and Visualization of Similarities Viewer. Quality of journals was determined using SCImago Journal Rank and CiteScore. RESULTS We retrieved 1987 documents, of which 1927 (96.98%) were articles or reviews. There has been an incremental increase in the number of publications (exponential growth, R2=0.80) over the past decade. Publications were mostly affiliated with Iran (501/1987, 25.21%), the United States (468/1987, 23.55%), Pakistan (243/1987, 12.23%), Egypt (224/1987, 11.27%), and Saudi Arabia (209/1987, 10.52%). However, Iran only had links with 40 other countries (total link strength 164), and the biggest collaborator from the EMR was Egypt, with 67 links (total link strength 402). Within the other EMR countries, only Morocco, Lebanon, and Jordan produced ≥79 publications in the 10-year period. Most publications (1551/1987, 78.06%) were affiliated with EMR universities. Most journals were categorized as medical journals, and the highest number of articles were published in the Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal (SCImago Journal Rank 0.442; CiteScore 1.5). Retrieved documents had an average of 18.4 (SD 125.5) citations per document and an h-index of 66. The top-3 most cited documents were from the Global Burden of Diseases study. We found 70 high-frequency terms, occurring ≥10 times in author keywords, connected in 3 clusters. COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, and pandemic represented the most recent 2020 cluster. CONCLUSIONS This is the first research study to quantify the published literature on public health surveillance and its disciplines in the EMR. Research productivity has steadily increased over the past decade, and Iran has been the leading country publishing relevant research. Recurrent recent surveillance themes included COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2. This study also sheds light on the gaps in surveillance research in the EMR, including inadequate publications on noncommunicable diseases and injury-related surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa K Saad
- Global Health Development
- Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohannad Al Nsour
- Global Health Development
- Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yousef Khader
- Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Magid Al Gunaid
- Global Health Development
- Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network, Amman, Jordan
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Can We Return to Our Normal Life When the Pandemic Is under Control? A Preliminary Study on the Influence of COVID-19 on the Tourism Characteristics of Taiwan. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13179589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented destructive impacts and challenges to global industry and has had a wide impact on people’s lives. The threat of the virus has also caused a change in tourist travel consumption behavior. This study preliminarily examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism consumption characteristics of Taiwanese people. The consumption characteristic changes of 393 people regarding their plans for domestic and outbound tourism during the different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as after the pandemic ends were surveyed and collected. This study also examined and attempted to understand the relationship between people’s satisfaction with the government’s revitalization plan, the pandemic prevention policy, and their domestic tourism frequency during the pandemic period, and the results showed that during the pandemic, people’s tourism characteristics have changed and tend to be conservative. Since the pandemic is over, while there were no significant differences between people’s planned travel expenditures in Taiwan and those before the outbreak, their intended travel time was shortened. Regarding the choice of travel equipment, people had reduced the use of public transportation. Regarding outbound tourism, after the pandemic, as people’s planned travel days will be reduced, it is expected that travel expenditures will be significantly higher than before the pandemic, which shows that the COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on people’s outbound tourism consumption characteristics. During the pandemic, compared with the subsidies for tourism, how to make people feel at ease in the process of tourism is of great importance. Therefore, it is suggested that in the short-term, border control and social pandemic prevention policies should be adopted to enhance people’s confidence in government pandemic prevention, and the general public should be supplemented with travel subsidies in order to promote people’s enthusiasm for tourism. The results of this study provide useful suggestions for government units, tour operators, and related research during the pandemic and offer preliminary insights for the recovery of the tourism industry after the pandemic.
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Alnuqaydan AM, Almutary AG, Sukamaran A, Yang BTW, Lee XT, Lim WX, Ng YM, Ibrahim R, Darmarajan T, Nanjappan S, Chellian J, Candasamy M, Madheswaran T, Sharma A, Dureja H, Prasher P, Verma N, Kumar D, Palaniveloo K, Bisht D, Gupta G, Madan JR, Singh SK, Jha NK, Dua K, Chellappan DK. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Virus-Pathophysiological Axis and the Current Treatment Strategies. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:173. [PMID: 34105037 PMCID: PMC8186825 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a lethal respiratory disease with its first case reported back in 2012 (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia). It is a novel, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA beta coronavirus (MERS-CoV) that was isolated from a patient who died from a severe respiratory illness. Later, it was found that this patient was infected with MERS. MERS is endemic to countries in the Middle East regions, such as Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Qatar, Oman, Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates. It has been reported that the MERS virus originated from bats and dromedary camels, the natural hosts of MERS-CoV. The transmission of the virus to humans has been thought to be either direct or indirect. Few camel-to-human transmissions were reported earlier. However, the mode of transmission of how the virus affects humans remains unanswered. Moreover, outbreaks in either family-based or hospital-based settings were observed with high mortality rates, especially in individuals who did not receive proper management or those with underlying comorbidities, such as diabetes and renal failure. Since then, there have been numerous reports hypothesising complications in fatal cases of MERS. Over the years, various diagnostic methods, treatment strategies and preventive measures have been strategised in containing the MERS infection. Evidence from multiple sources implicated that no treatment options and vaccines have been developed in specific, for the direct management of MERS-CoV infection. Nevertheless, there are supportive measures outlined in response to symptom-related management. Health authorities should stress more on infection and prevention control measures, to ensure that MERS remains as a low-level threat to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M Alnuqaydan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed G Almutary
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arulmalar Sukamaran
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Brian Tay Wei Yang
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Xiao Ting Lee
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wei Xuan Lim
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yee Min Ng
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rania Ibrahim
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thiviya Darmarajan
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Satheeshkumar Nanjappan
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER-Kolkata), Chunilal Bhawan, Maniktala, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India
| | - Jestin Chellian
- Department of Life Sciences, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mayuren Candasamy
- Department of Life Sciences, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thiagarajan Madheswaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ankur Sharma
- Department of Life Science, School of Basic Science and Research, Sharda University, Knowledge Park, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Harish Dureja
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Energy Acres, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Nitin Verma
- Chitkara University School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Atal Shiksha Kunj, Atal Nagar, Himachal Pradesh, 174103, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Kishneth Palaniveloo
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies Building, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Dheeraj Bisht
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Bhimtal, Kumaun University Nainital, Uttarakhand, 263136, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, India
| | - Jyotsana R Madan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Yadav S, Sadique MA, Ranjan P, Kumar N, Singhal A, Srivastava AK, Khan R. SERS Based Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Point-of-Care Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Clinical Samples. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2974-2995. [PMID: 35014387 PMCID: PMC7986978 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The current scenario, an ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, places a dreadful burden on the healthcare system worldwide. Subsequently, there is a need for a rapid, user-friendly, and inexpensive on-site monitoring system for diagnosis. The early and rapid diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 plays an important role in combating the outbreak. Although conventional methods such as PCR, RT-PCR, and ELISA, etc., offer a gold-standard solution to manage the pandemic, they cannot be implemented as a point-of-care (POC) testing arrangement. Moreover, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) having a high enhancement factor provides quantitative results with high specificity, sensitivity, and multiplex detection ability but lacks in POC setup. In contrast, POC devices such as lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) offer rapid, simple-to-use, cost-effective, reliable platform. However, LFIA has limitations in quantitative and sensitive analyses of SARS-CoV-2 detection. To resolve these concerns, herein we discuss a unique modality that is an integration of SERS with LFIA for quantitative analyses of SARS-CoV-2. The miniaturization ability of SERS-based devices makes them promising in biosensor application and has the potential to make a better alternative of conventional diagnostic methods. This review also demonstrates the commercially available and FDA/ICMR approved LFIA kits for on-site diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalu Yadav
- Microfluidics & MEMS Centre,
CSIR−Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
(AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
(AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mohd. Abubakar Sadique
- Microfluidics & MEMS Centre,
CSIR−Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
(AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
| | - Pushpesh Ranjan
- Microfluidics & MEMS Centre,
CSIR−Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
(AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
(AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- Microfluidics & MEMS Centre,
CSIR−Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
(AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
(AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ayushi Singhal
- Microfluidics & MEMS Centre,
CSIR−Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
(AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
(AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Avanish K. Srivastava
- Microfluidics & MEMS Centre,
CSIR−Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
(AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
| | - Raju Khan
- Microfluidics & MEMS Centre,
CSIR−Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
(AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
(AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Rabaan AA, Al-Ahmed SH, Sah R, Alqumber MA, Haque S, Patel SK, Pathak M, Tiwari R, Yatoo MI, Haq AU, Bilal M, Dhama K, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. MERS-CoV: epidemiology, molecular dynamics, therapeutics, and future challenges. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2021; 20:8. [PMID: 33461573 PMCID: PMC7812981 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-020-00414-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Severe Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has gained research attention worldwide, given the current pandemic. Nevertheless, a previous zoonotic and highly pathogenic coronavirus, the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), is still causing concern, especially in Saudi Arabia and neighbour countries. The MERS-CoV has been reported from respiratory samples in more than 27 countries, and around 2500 cases have been reported with an approximate fatality rate of 35%. After its emergence in 2012 intermittent, sporadic cases, nosocomial infections and many community clusters of MERS continued to occur in many countries. Human-to-human transmission resulted in the large outbreaks in Saudi Arabia. The inherent genetic variability among various clads of the MERS-CoV might have probably paved the events of cross-species transmission along with changes in the inter-species and intra-species tropism. The current review is drafted using an extensive review of literature on various databases, selecting of publications irrespective of favouring or opposing, assessing the merit of study, the abstraction of data and analysing data. The genome of MERS-CoV contains around thirty thousand nucleotides having seven predicted open reading frames. Spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N) proteins are the four main structural proteins. The surface located spike protein (S) of betacoronaviruses has been established to be one of the significant factors in their zoonotic transmission through virus-receptor recognition mediation and subsequent initiation of viral infection. Three regions in Saudi Arabia (KSA), Eastern Province, Riyadh and Makkah were affected severely. The epidemic progression had been the highest in 2014 in Makkah and Riyadh and Eastern Province in 2013. With a lurking epidemic scare, there is a crucial need for effective therapeutic and immunological remedies constructed on sound molecular investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shamsah H Al-Ahmed
- Specialty Paediatric Medicine, Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ranjit Sah
- Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Mohammed A Alqumber
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing & Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shailesh Kumar Patel
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - Mamta Pathak
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, 281001, India
| | - Mohd Iqbal Yatoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Alusteng Srinagar, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Abrar Ul Haq
- Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine Ethics & Jurisprudence, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher E Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kashmir, Shuhama, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India.
| | - Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales
- Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia. .,Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Americas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia. .,School of Medicine, Universidad Privada Franz Tamayo (UNIFRANZ), Cochabamba, Bolivia.
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