1
|
Wang Z, Ma K, Zhu Y, Li Z, Li S. Predictive Value of Myocardial Markers for Early Postoperative Mortality in Children with Congenital Heart Disease. Pediatr Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00246-024-03404-0. [PMID: 38363311 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-024-03404-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the influencing factors of postoperative creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) elevation in children with congenital heart disease and its peak value in predicting early postoperative mortality. The clinical data of 521 children with congenital heart disease under the age of 14 who underwent elective surgery in Beijing Children's Hospital from December 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Stepwise multiple linear regression was used to analyze independent risk factors for postoperative CK-MB elevation, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the predictive value of postoperative CK-MB peak, CK peak, and LDH peak on mortality, and linear correlation and regression analysis were used to analyze the interdependence among postoperative CK-MB peak, CK peak, and LDH peak, and multivariate Logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for early postoperative mortality. Preterm birth (P = 0.004), ventriculotomy (P = 0.009), the re-establish of bypass (P = 0.007), cardiopulmonary bypass time (P = 0.024), deep hypothermic circulatory arrest time (P = 0.000), assisted ventilation time (P = 0.049), CK peak (P = 0.000), and LDH peak (P = 0.000) were independently associated with increased postoperative CK-MB elevation. The ROC curve showed that CK-MB peak had the strongest predictive value for death (AUC = 0.924), followed by LDH peak (AUC = 0.864) and CK peak (AUC = 0.758). The cut-off value of the postoperative CK-MB peak was 144.5 IU/L, with a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 97%. CK-MB peak was moderately correlated with CK peak (Pearson Correlation coefficient r = 0.514, P = 0.000) and strongly correlated with LDH peak (Pearson Correlation coefficient r = 0.601, P = 0.000). Multivariate analysis showed that delayed chest closure (OR = 4.865, P = 0.004) and postoperative CK-MB peak (OR = 1.031, P = 0.000) were independent risk factors for postoperative mortality. The postoperative CK-MB peak has a certain predictive value for the early postoperative mortality of children with congenital heart disease. It is affected by many factors, and the risk of mortality is significantly increased in children with severely elevated postoperative CK-MB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangwei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, No.167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, No.167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yaobin Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Children's Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Children's Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shoujun Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, No.167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pollak U, Zemmour H, Shaked E, Magenheim J, Fridlich O, Korach A, Serraf AE, Mishaly D, Glaser B, Shemer R, Dor Y. Novel cfDNA Methylation Biomarkers Reveal Delayed Cardiac Cell Death after Open-heart Surgery. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2023; 16:199-208. [PMID: 35978264 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10295-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is thought to cause delayed cardiac damage. DNA methylation-based liquid biopsies are novel biomarkers for monitoring acute cardiac cell death. We assessed cell-free DNA molecules as markers for cardiac damage after open-heart surgery. Novel cardiomyocyte-specific DNA methylation markers were applied to measure cardiac cfDNA in the plasma of 42 infants who underwent open-heart surgery. Cardiac cfDNA was elevated following surgery, reflecting direct surgery-related tissue damage, and declined thereafter in most patients. The concentration of cardiac cfDNA post-surgery correlated with the duration of CPB and aortic cross clamping. Strikingly, cardiac cfDNA at 6 h predicted duration of mechanical ventilation and maximal vasoactive-inotropic score better than did maximal troponin levels. Cardiac cfDNA reveals heart damage associated with CPB, and can be used to monitor cardiac cell death, to predict clinical outcome of surgery and to assess performance of cardioprotective interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uri Pollak
- Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.,Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Edmond J. Safra International Congenital Heart Center, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hai Zemmour
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Elior Shaked
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Judith Magenheim
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ori Fridlich
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Amit Korach
- Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alain E Serraf
- Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Edmond J. Safra International Congenital Heart Center, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - David Mishaly
- Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Edmond J. Safra International Congenital Heart Center, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Benjamin Glaser
- Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Service, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ruth Shemer
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Yuval Dor
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Holcomb RM, Ündar A. Are outcomes in congenital cardiac surgery better than ever? J Card Surg 2022; 37:656-663. [PMID: 35023592 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.16225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY Congenital heart disease is the most common congenital defect among infants born in the United States. Within the first year of life, 1 in 4 of these infants will need surgery. Only one generation removed from an overall mortality of 14%, many changes have been introduced into the field. Have these changes measurably improved outcomes? METHODS The literature search was conducted through PubMed MEDLINE and Google Scholar from inception to October 31, 2021. Ultimately, 78 publications were chosen for inclusion. RESULTS The outcome of overall mortality has experienced continuous improvements in the modern era of the specialty despite the performance of more technically demanding surgeries on patients with complex comorbidities. This modality does not account for case-mix, however. In turn, clinical outcomes have not been consistent from center to center. Furthermore, variation in practice between institutions has also been documented. A recurring theme in the literature is a movement toward standardization and universalization. Examples include mortality risk-stratification that has allowed direct comparison of outcomes between programs and improved definitions of morbidities which provide an enhanced framework for diagnosis and management. CONCLUSIONS Overall mortality is now below 3%, which suggests that more patients are surviving their interventions than in any previous era in congenital cardiac surgery. Focus has transitioned from survival to improving the quality of life in the survivors by decreasing the incidence of morbidity and associated long-term effects. With the transformation toward standardization and interinstitutional collaboration, future advancements are expected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Holcomb
- Penn State Hershey Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center, Departments of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.,Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Akif Ündar
- Penn State Hershey Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center, Departments of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.,Biomedical Engineering, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Drennan SE, Burge KY, Szyld EG, Eckert JV, Mir AM, Gormley AK, Schwartz RM, Daves SM, Thompson JL, Burkhart HM, Chaaban H. Clinical and Laboratory Predictors for the Development of Low Cardiac Output Syndrome in Infants Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10040712. [PMID: 33670210 PMCID: PMC7916966 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac surgery employing cardiopulmonary bypass exposes infants to a high risk of morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to assess the utility of clinical and laboratory variables to predict the development of low cardiac output syndrome, a frequent complication following cardiac surgery in infants. We performed a prospective observational study in the pediatric cardiovascular ICU in an academic children’s hospital. Thirty-one patients with congenital heart disease were included. Serum levels of nucleosomes and a panel of 20 cytokines were measured at six time points in the perioperative period. Cardiopulmonary bypass patients were characterized by increased levels of interleukin-10, -6, and -1α upon admission to the ICU compared to non-bypass cardiac patients. Patients developing low cardiac output syndrome endured longer aortic cross-clamp time and required greater inotropic support at 12 h postoperatively compared to bypass patients not developing the condition. Higher preoperative interleukin-10 levels and 24 h postoperative interleukin-8 levels were associated with low cardiac output syndrome. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated a moderate capability of aortic cross-clamp duration to predict low cardiac output syndrome but not IL-8. In conclusion, low cardiac output syndrome was best predicted in our patient population by the surgical metric of aortic cross-clamp duration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Drennan
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (S.E.D.); (K.Y.B.); (E.G.S.); (J.V.E.)
| | - Kathryn Y. Burge
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (S.E.D.); (K.Y.B.); (E.G.S.); (J.V.E.)
| | - Edgardo G. Szyld
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (S.E.D.); (K.Y.B.); (E.G.S.); (J.V.E.)
| | - Jeffrey V. Eckert
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (S.E.D.); (K.Y.B.); (E.G.S.); (J.V.E.)
| | - Arshid M. Mir
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Andrew K. Gormley
- Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Randall M. Schwartz
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (R.M.S.); (S.M.D.)
| | - Suanne M. Daves
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (R.M.S.); (S.M.D.)
| | - Jess L. Thompson
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.L.T.); (H.M.B.)
| | - Harold M. Burkhart
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.L.T.); (H.M.B.)
| | - Hala Chaaban
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (S.E.D.); (K.Y.B.); (E.G.S.); (J.V.E.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yoo SJ, Hussein N, Peel B, Coles J, van Arsdell GS, Honjo O, Haller C, Lam CZ, Seed M, Barron D. 3D Modeling and Printing in Congenital Heart Surgery: Entering the Stage of Maturation. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:621672. [PMID: 33614554 PMCID: PMC7892770 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.621672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
3D printing allows the most realistic perception of the surgical anatomy of congenital heart diseases without the requirement of physical devices such as a computer screen or virtual headset. It is useful for surgical decision making and simulation, hands-on surgical training (HOST) and cardiovascular morphology teaching. 3D-printed models allow easy understanding of surgical morphology and preoperative surgical simulation. The most common indications for its clinical use include complex forms of double outlet right ventricle and transposition of the great arteries, anomalous systemic and pulmonary venous connections, and heterotaxy. Its utility in congenital heart surgery is indisputable, although it is hard to "scientifically" prove the impact of its use in surgery because of many confounding factors that contribute to the surgical outcome. 3D-printed models are valuable resources for morphology teaching. Educational models can be produced for almost all different variations of congenital heart diseases, and replicated in any number. HOST using 3D-printed models enables efficient education of surgeons in-training. Implementation of the HOST courses in congenital heart surgical training programs is not an option but an absolute necessity. In conclusion, 3D printing is entering the stage of maturation in its use for congenital heart surgery. It is now time for imagers and surgeons to find how to effectively utilize 3D printing and how to improve the quality of the products for improved patient outcomes and impact of education and training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Joon Yoo
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics–Division of Cardiology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Center for Image Guided Innovation and Therapeutic Intervention, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nabil Hussein
- Center for Image Guided Innovation and Therapeutic Intervention, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery-Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brandon Peel
- Center for Image Guided Innovation and Therapeutic Intervention, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John Coles
- Department of Surgery-Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Glen S. van Arsdell
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Mattel Children's Hospital at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Osami Honjo
- Department of Surgery-Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christoph Haller
- Department of Surgery-Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher Z. Lam
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mike Seed
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics–Division of Cardiology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Barron
- Department of Surgery-Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Verdesoto Rodriguez MC, Spenceley N, Ilina M, Danton MH. A Prospective Randomized Blinded Trial of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning in Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 32:313-322. [DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
7
|
Atallah MMM, Saber HI, Mageed NA, Motawea AA, Alghareeb NA. Feasibility of adding magnesium to intrathecal fentanyl in pediatric cardiac surgery. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egja.2011.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Magdy Mamdouh M. Atallah
- Anesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care Department, Faculty of Medicine , Mansoura University , Egypt
| | - Hosam I. Saber
- Anesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care Department, Faculty of Medicine , Mansoura University , Egypt
| | - Nabil A. Mageed
- Anesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care Department, Faculty of Medicine , Mansoura University , Egypt
| | - Abdelaziz A. Motawea
- Anesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care Department, Faculty of Medicine , Mansoura University , Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ponomarev D, Boboshko V, Shmyrev V, Kornilov I, Bondarenko I, Soynov I, Voytov A, Polyanskih S, Strunin O, Bogachev A, Landoni G, Neto CN, Nicolau GO, Wen Z, Evdokimov M, Sulejmanov S, Chernogrivov A, Karaskov A, Lomivorotov V. Dexamethasone in pEdiatric Cardiac Surgery (DECiSion): Rationale and design of a randomized controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2018; 72:16-19. [PMID: 30016720 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Ponomarev
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, 15 Rechkunovskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630055, Russian Federation.
| | - Vladimir Boboshko
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, 15 Rechkunovskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630055, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Shmyrev
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, 15 Rechkunovskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630055, Russian Federation
| | - Igor Kornilov
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, 15 Rechkunovskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630055, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya Bondarenko
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, 15 Rechkunovskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630055, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya Soynov
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Centre, 15 Rechkunovskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630055, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Voytov
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Centre, 15 Rechkunovskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630055, Russian Federation
| | - Stanislav Polyanskih
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, 15 Rechkunovskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630055, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg Strunin
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, 15 Rechkunovskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630055, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Bogachev
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Centre, 15 Rechkunovskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630055, Russian Federation
| | - Giovanni Landoni
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Caetano Nigro Neto
- Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, Doutor Dante Pazzanese avenue, 500 - 6 andar/COREME, 04012180 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gretel Oliveira Nicolau
- Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, Doutor Dante Pazzanese avenue, 500 - 6 andar/COREME, 04012180 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Zhang Wen
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center (SCMC) Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 101 Beiyuan Rd, TangQiao, Pudong Xinqu, Shanghai Shi 200000, China
| | - Mikhail Evdokimov
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Federal Centre of Cardiovascular Surgery, 6 Stasova Street, Penza 440071, Russian Federation
| | - Shahrijar Sulejmanov
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Federal Centre of Cardiovascular Surgery, 6 Stasova Street, Penza 440071, Russian Federation
| | - Aleksei Chernogrivov
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Federal Centre of Cardiovascular Surgery, 6 Stasova Street, Penza 440071, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Karaskov
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Centre, 15 Rechkunovskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630055, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Lomivorotov
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, 15 Rechkunovskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630055, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tan W, Zhang C, Liu J, Li X, Chen Y, Miao Q. Remote Ischemic Preconditioning has a Cardioprotective Effect in Children in the Early Postoperative Phase: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Pediatr Cardiol 2018; 39:617-626. [PMID: 29302715 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-017-1802-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this updated meta-analysis, we assessed the cardioprotective effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) in pediatric patients undergoing congenital heart surgery. A total of 9 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 793 pediatric patients under 18 years old were identified. RIPC obviously reduced the release of troponin I at 6 h after surgery [standard mean difference (SMD) -0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.14 to -0.04; p = 0.03], mitigated the inotropic scores within 4-6 h (SMD -0.43, 95% CI -0.72 to -0.14; p = 0.004) and within 12 h (SMD -0.26, 95% CI -0.50 to -0.02; p = 0.03) and shortened the ventilator support time (SMD -0.28, 95% CI -0.49 to -0.07; p = 0.01) as well as the duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay (SMD -0.21, 95% CI -0.35 to -0.06; p = 0.004). Our meta-analysis determined that RIPC had cardioprotective effects in the early postoperative phase. Additional RCTs focused on the cardiac benefits from RIPC in pediatric patients are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chaoji Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jianzhou Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yuzhi Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Qi Miao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Evers ES, Walavalkar V, Pujar S, Balasubramanian L, Prinzen FW, Delhaas T, Vanagt WY, Maiya S. Does heart-type fatty acid-binding protein predict clinical outcomes after pediatric cardiac surgery? Ann Pediatr Cardiol 2017; 10:245-247. [PMID: 28928610 PMCID: PMC5594935 DOI: 10.4103/apc.apc_33_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The early identification of vulnerable pediatric cardiac surgery patients can help clinicians provide them with timely support. Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein. (H-FABP) is an early biomarker of myocardial injury in acute myocardial infarction in adults. In this study, we evaluated the correlations between postoperative H-FABP, creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), troponin-I, total bypass time, and clinical outcomes. Methods: In 32 pediatric patients that underwent ventricular septal defect. closure we measured H-FABP, troponin-I and CK-MB preoperatively and 1, 3, and 6 h after aortic declamping. Spearman's Rho correlations were calculated between laboratory and clinical parameters including inotropic support duration, aortic cross-clamp time, total bypass time, ventilation-weaning-time, and total Intensive Care Unit stay. Results: H-FABP, CK-MB, troponin-I, and total bypass time have a similarly weak to moderate correlation with clinical outcome measures. Conclusions: The predictive value of H-FABP for clinical outcome is not stronger than that of CK-MB, Troponin-I, or bypass times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Egmond S Evers
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Varsha Walavalkar
- Department of Pedicatric Cardiology, Narayana Institute of Cardiac Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Suresh Pujar
- Department of Pedicatric Cardiology, Narayana Institute of Cardiac Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Latha Balasubramanian
- Department of Pedicatric Cardiology, Narayana Institute of Cardiac Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Frits W Prinzen
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tammo Delhaas
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ward Y Vanagt
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Shreesha Maiya
- Department of Pedicatric Cardiology, Narayana Institute of Cardiac Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Belanger M, Tan L, Wittnich C. Does young age really put the heart at risk? Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28628748 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in the management and treatment of heart disease in children, there continue to be patients who have worse outcomes than might be expected. A number of risk factors that could be responsible have been identified. Evidence-based findings will be reviewed, including whether young age and (or) reduced body weight exacerbate these responses. For example, newborn children undergoing congenital cardiac surgery are known to have worse outcomes than older children. Evidence exists that newborn hearts do not tolerate ischemia as well as adult hearts, developing irreversible injury sooner and exhibiting at-risk metabolic profiles. As well, in response to the administration of heparin, elevations in free fatty acids occur during congenital heart surgery in children, which can have detrimental effects on the heart. Furthermore, myocardial energetic state has also been suggested to impact outcomes. Unfavourable energetic profiles were correlated to lower body weights in the same age healthy newborn piglet model. Newborn children suffering from congenital heart disease, with lower body weights, also had lower myocardial energetic state and this correlated with longer postoperative ventilatory support as well as a trend to longer intensive care unit stay. These findings imply that unfavourable myocardial metabolic profiles could contribute to postoperative complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Belanger
- b Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Luke Tan
- b Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Carin Wittnich
- a Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L5, Canada.,b Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pesonen E, Keski-Nisula J, Passov A, Vähätalo R, Puntila J, Andersson S, Suominen PK. Heart-Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein and High-Dose Methylprednisolone in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2017; 31:1952-1956. [PMID: 29066147 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Corticosteroids possess cardioprotection in experimental cardiac ischemia/reperfusion. The authors hypothesized that if cardioprotection of corticosteroids occured during pediatric cardiac surgery, then methylprednisolone used in cardiopulmonary bypass prime would reduce postoperative concentrations of heart-type fatty-acid-binding protein, a cardiac biomarker. DESIGN A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. SETTING Operating room and pediatric intensive care unit of a university hospital. PARTICIPANTS Forty-five infants and young children undergoing ventricular or atrioventricular septal defect correction. INTERVENTIONS The patients received one of the following: 30 mg/kg of methylprednisolone intravenously after anesthesia induction (n = 15), 30 mg/kg of methylprednisolone in cardiopulmonary bypass prime solution (n = 15), or placebo (n = 15). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Plasma heart-type fatty-acid-binding protein (hFABP) was measured. Preoperatively, hFABP did not differ among the study groups. Methylprednisolone administered preoperatively and in the cardiopulmonary bypass prime solution reduced hFABP by 44% (p = 0.010) and 38% (p = 0.033) 6 hours postoperatively. hFABP significantly correlated with concomitant troponin T after protamine administration (R = 0.811, p < 0.001) and 6 hours postoperatively (R = 0.806, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Methylprednisolone in cardiopulmonary bypass prime solution administered only a few minutes before cardiac ischemia confered cardioprotection of the same magnitude as preoperative methylprednisolone as indicated by hFABP concentrations. Rapid cardioprotective actions of corticosteroids in pediatric heart surgery observed previously experimentally may have occurred.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eero Pesonen
- Division of Anaesthesiology, Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Juho Keski-Nisula
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; Division of Anaesthesiology, Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arie Passov
- Division of Anaesthesiology, Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raisa Vähätalo
- Division of Anaesthesiology, Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital
| | - Juha Puntila
- Department of Paediatric Cardiac and Transplantation Surgery, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sture Andersson
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pertti K Suominen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital; Division of Anaesthesiology, Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Parra V, Rothermel BA. Calcineurin signaling in the heart: The importance of time and place. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 103:121-136. [PMID: 28007541 PMCID: PMC5778886 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The calcium-activated protein phosphatase, calcineurin, lies at the intersection of protein phosphorylation and calcium signaling cascades, where it provides an essential nodal point for coordination between these two fundamental modes of intracellular communication. In excitatory cells, such as neurons and cardiomyocytes, that experience rapid and frequent changes in cytoplasmic calcium, calcineurin protein levels are exceptionally high, suggesting that these cells require high levels of calcineurin activity. Yet, it is widely recognized that excessive activation of calcineurin in the heart contributes to pathological hypertrophic remodeling and the progression to failure. How does a calcium activated enzyme function in the calcium-rich environment of the continuously contracting heart without pathological consequences? This review will discuss the wide range of calcineurin substrates relevant to cardiovascular health and the mechanisms calcineurin uses to find and act on appropriate substrates in the appropriate location while potentially avoiding others. Fundamental differences in calcineurin signaling in neonatal verses adult cardiomyocytes will be addressed as well as the importance of maintaining heterogeneity in calcineurin activity across the myocardium. Finally, we will discuss how circadian oscillations in calcineurin activity may facilitate integration with other essential but conflicting processes, allowing a healthy heart to reap the benefits of calcineurin signaling while avoiding the detrimental consequences of sustained calcineurin activity that can culminate in heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Parra
- Advanced Centre for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago,Chile; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas, Universidad de Chie, Santiago, Chile
| | - Beverly A Rothermel
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Myocardial Injury in Children with Unoperated Congenital Heart Diseases. Cardiol Res Pract 2015; 2015:104818. [PMID: 26649223 PMCID: PMC4663296 DOI: 10.1155/2015/104818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Children with congenital heart diseases (CHDs) may have a risk of developing myocardial injury caused by volume and pressure overload. Objective. To evaluate the incidence of myocardial injury in children with cyanotic and acyanotic CHDs using cTnI assay and to correlate it with different hemodynamic parameters. Methods. This study included 80 children with CHDs (40 acyanotic and 40 cyanotic) as well as 40 healthy children (control group). Serum cTnI levels were measured for patients and control. Pulmonary to systemic blood flow (Qp/Qs) and pulmonary to systemic arterial pressure (Pp/Ps) ratios were measured for children with CHDs during cardiac catheterization. Results. Sixty-four out of 80 patients with CHDs had myocardial injury as evidenced by increased cTnI. Serum cTnI was significantly higher in both cyanotic and acyanotic groups compared to control group (p < 0.05). Serum cTnI level significantly correlated with oxygen saturation (SpO2), ejection fraction (EF), Qp/Qs, and Pp/Ps ratios. Conclusion. The incidence of myocardial injury was high in children with CHDs. The use of cTnI for follow-up of children with CHDs may help early detection of myocardial injury and help early management of these cases.
Collapse
|
15
|
Lee Y, Kubli DA, Hanna RA, Cortez MQ, Lee HY, Miyamoto S, Gustafsson ÅB. Cellular redox status determines sensitivity to BNIP3-mediated cell death in cardiac myocytes. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 308:C983-92. [PMID: 25810259 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00273.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The atypical BH3-only protein Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) is an important regulator of hypoxia-mediated cell death. Interestingly, the susceptibility to BNIP3-mediated cell death differs between cells. In this study we examined whether there are mechanistic differences in BNIP3-mediated cell death between neonatal and adult cardiac myocytes. We discovered that BNIP3 is a potent inducer of cell death in neonatal myocytes, whereas adult myocytes are remarkably resistant to BNIP3. When exploring the potential underlying basis for the resistance, we discovered that adult myocytes express significantly higher levels of the mitochondrial antioxidant manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) than neonatal myocytes. Overexpression of MnSOD confers resistance to BNIP3-mediated cell death in neonatal myocytes. In contrast, the presence of a pharmacological MnSOD inhibitor, 2-methoxyestradiol, results in increased sensitivity to BNIP3-mediated cell death in adult myocytes. Cotreatment with the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoTEMPO or the MnSOD mimetic manganese (III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin chloride abrogates the increased cell death by 2-methoxyestradiol. Moreover, increased oxidative stress also restores the ability of BNIP3 to induce cell death in adult myocytes. Taken together, these data indicate that redox status determines cell susceptibility to BNIP3-mediated cell death. These findings are clinically relevant, given that pediatric hearts are known to be more vulnerable than the adult heart to ischemic injury. Our studies provide important insight into why pediatric hearts are more sensitive to ischemic injury and may help in the clinical management of childhood heart disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youngil Lee
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Dieter A Kubli
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Rita A Hanna
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Melissa Q Cortez
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Hwa-Youn Lee
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Åsa B Gustafsson
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; and Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cabigas EB, Liu J, Boopathy AV, Che PL, Crawford BH, Baroi G, Bhutani S, Shen M, Wagner MB, Davis ME. Dysregulation of catalase activity in newborn myocytes during hypoxia is mediated by c-Abl tyrosine kinase. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2014; 20:93-103. [PMID: 24831254 DOI: 10.1177/1074248414533746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In the adult heart, catalase (CAT) activity increases appropriately with increasing levels of hydrogen peroxide, conferring cardioprotection. This mechanism is absent in the newborn for unknown reasons. In the present study, we examined how the posttranslational modification of CAT contributes to its activation during hypoxia/ischemia and the role of c-Abl tyrosine kinase in this process. Hypoxia studies were carried out using primary cardiomyocytes from adult (>8 weeks) and newborn rats. Following hypoxia, the ratio of phosphorylated to total CAT and c-Abl in isolated newborn rat myocytes did not increase and were significantly lower (1.3- and 4.2-fold, respectively; P < .05) than their adult counterparts. Similarly, there was a significant association (P < .0005) between c-Abl and CAT in adult cells following hypoxia (30.9 ± 8.2 to 70.7 ± 13.1 au) that was absent in newborn myocytes. Although ubiquitination of CAT was higher in newborns compared to adults following hypoxia, inhibition of this did not improve CAT activity. When a c-Abl activator (5-(1,3-diaryl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)hydantoin [DPH], 200 µmol/L) was administered prior to hypoxia, not only CAT activity was significantly increased (P < .05) but also phosphorylation levels were also significantly improved (P < .01) in these newborn myocytes. Additionally, ischemia-reperfusion (IR) studies were performed using newborn (4-5 days) rabbit hearts perfused in a Langendorff method. The DPH given as an intracardiac injection into the right ventricle of newborn rabbit resulted in a significant improvement (P < .002) in the recovery of developed pressure after IR, a key indicator of cardiac function (from 74.6% ± 6.6% to 118.7% ± 10.9%). In addition, CAT activity was increased 3.92-fold (P < .02) in the same DPH-treated hearts. Addition of DPH to adult rabbits in contrast had no significant effect (from 71.3% ± 10.7% to 59.4% ± 12.1%). Therefore, in the newborn, decreased phosphorylation of CAT by c-Abl potentially mediates IR-induced dysfunction, and activation of c-Abl may be a strategy to prevent ischemic injury associated with surgical procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Bernadette Cabigas
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jie Liu
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Archana V Boopathy
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Pao Lin Che
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Brian H Crawford
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Emory+Children's Center for Cardiovascular Biology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gitangali Baroi
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Emory+Children's Center for Cardiovascular Biology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Srishti Bhutani
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ming Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Emory+Children's Center for Cardiovascular Biology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mary B Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Emory+Children's Center for Cardiovascular Biology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael E Davis
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Emory+Children's Center for Cardiovascular Biology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ota N, Murata M, Tosaka Y, Ide Y, Tachi M, Ito H, Sugimoto A, Sakamoto K. Is routine rapid-staged bilateral pulmonary artery banding before stage 1 Norwood a viable strategy? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013; 148:1519-25. [PMID: 24472315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We adopted a policy of rapid-staged bilateral pulmonary artery banding (bPAB) before the Norwood (NW) procedure for all patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. We hypothesized that this strategy might mitigate some of the traditional risk factors and that postponing a major bypass procedure beyond the newborn period could have both short- and long-term benefits. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of this strategy with respect to the short-term outcomes. METHODS From 2008 to 2010, 14 patients underwent bPAB and maintenance of ductal patency with prostaglandin E1 infusion before stage 1 NW. For reference, we also reviewed the data from patients who had undergone the primary NW procedure in the 2 years immediately before the study period. RESULTS The bPAB was performed at a median age of 6 days (range, 2-39), gestational age of 38.5 weeks (range, 36-41), and weight of 2.75 kg (range, 2.3-3.6). The subsequent NW was performed at a gestational age of 43.5 weeks (range, 41-51) and weight of 3.2 kg (range, 2.2-4.9). When the NW procedure was eventually performed on the pBAB group, the maximum blood lactate levels within the first 24 hours after the NW were lower than those in the earlier primary NW group (2.8±0.9 vs 10.1±6.5 mmol/dL, P=.0002) and the urine output in the first 24 hours after the NW was greater in the pPAB group (4.1±2.1 vs 2.2±1.5 mL/kg/h; P=.0051). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that rapid-staged bPAB before NW can reduce the challenge of postoperative management in the early postoperative period after the NW procedure and have potential to improve the outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noritaka Ota
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mt. Fuji Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
| | - Masaya Murata
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mt. Fuji Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yuko Tosaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mt. Fuji Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yujiro Ide
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mt. Fuji Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Maiko Tachi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mt. Fuji Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ito
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mt. Fuji Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ai Sugimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mt. Fuji Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kisaburo Sakamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mt. Fuji Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
Chen T, Jin X, Crawford BH, Cheng H, Saafir TB, Wagner MB, Yuan Z, Ding G. Cardioprotection from oxidative stress in the newborn heart by activation of PPARγ is mediated by catalase. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:208-15. [PMID: 22609424 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of catalase (CAT) by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) was investigated to determine if PPARγ activation provides cardioprotection from oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) in an age-dependent manner. Left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) was measured in Langendorff perfused newborn or adult rabbit hearts, exposed to 200μM H(2)O(2), with perfusion of rosiglitazone (RGZ) or pioglitazone (PGZ), PPARγ agonists. We found: (1) H(2)O(2) significantly decreased sarcomere shortening in newborn ventricular cells but not in adult cells. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release occurred earlier in newborn than in adult heart, which may be due, in part, to the lower expression of CAT in newborn heart. (2) RGZ increased CAT mRNA and protein as well as activity in newborn but not in adult heart. GW9662 (PPARγ blocker) eliminated the increased CAT mRNA by RGZ. (3) In newborn heart, RGZ and PGZ treatment inhibited release of LDH in response to H(2)O(2) compared to H(2)O(2) alone. GW9662 decreased this inhibition. (4) LVDP was significantly higher in both RGZ+H(2)O(2) and PGZ+H(2)O(2) groups than in the H(2)O(2) group. Block of PPARγ abolished this effect. In contrast, there was no effect of RGZ in adult. (5) The cardioprotective effects of RGZ were abolished by inhibition of CAT. In conclusion, PPARγ activation is cardioprotective to H(2)O(2)-induced stress in the newborn heart by upregulation of catalase. These data suggest that PPARγ activation may be an effective therapy for the young cardiac patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Emory-Children's Center for Cardiovascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Clarizia NA, Manlhiot C, Schwartz SM, Sivarajan VB, Maratta R, Holtby HM, Gruenwald CE, Caldarone CA, Van Arsdell GS, McCrindle BW. Improved Outcomes Associated With Intraoperative Steroid Use in High-Risk Pediatric Cardiac Surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2011; 91:1222-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2010.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Revised: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
21
|
Aĝirbaşli M, Nguyen ML, Win K, Kunselman AR, Clark JB, Myers JL, Ündar A. Inflammatory and Hemostatic Response to Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Pediatric Population: Feasibility of Seriological Testing of Multiple Biomarkers. Artif Organs 2010; 34:987-95. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2010.01133.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
22
|
|
23
|
Significance of hemolysis on extracorporeal life support after cardiac surgery in children. Pediatr Nephrol 2009; 24:589-95. [PMID: 19002722 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-008-1047-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2008] [Revised: 09/20/2008] [Accepted: 10/17/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hemolysis is common during extracorporeal life support (ECLS). Elevated levels of circulating plasma free hemoglobin (FHb) has been linked to the development of hemoglobinuria nephropathy. Its clinical significance in patients receiving ECLS remains unknown. Medical records of 104 children <3 years old who required ECLS after repair of congenital heart disease were reviewed. Forty-two patients required continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) during ECLS (CRRT group), and 62 patients did not (no-CRRT group). For all patients, FHb level and the degree of fluid overload at the end of ECLS predicted the mortality rate during ECLS. Compared with the no-CRRT group, the CRRT group had a higher mortality rate during ECLS, a higher peak FHb level during ECLS, a higher FHb level at the end of ECLS, and more days of ECLS. In the CRRT group, the FHb level at the end of ECLS predicted death during ECLS. In the no-CRRT group, the peak FHb level was associated with a worse renal function. In conclusion, elevated FHb levels were associated with renal dysfunction and death during ECLS in children undergoing cardiac surgery. Further studies are needed to elucidate the cause-effect relationship in our findings.
Collapse
|
24
|
Surgical management of multiple ventricular septal defects: the role of the felt sandwich technique. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008; 137:924-8. [PMID: 19327519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2008.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2008] [Revised: 07/20/2008] [Accepted: 08/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently, the felt sandwich technique has been widely used to close muscular ventricular septal defects. We evaluated the early and midterm results of our strategy (a combination of the sandwich technique and direct closures) and assessed the role of the sandwich technique in the treatment of multiple ventricular septal defects. METHODS Twenty-nine consecutive patients underwent an operation for multiple ventricular septal defects and associated cardiac malformations. They included 17 boys and 12 girls with a median age of 6.0 months. Thirteen patients had 4 or more ventricular septal defects (Swiss cheese septum). RESULTS There was no surgical or follow-up mortality, and no reoperations were required. There were no cases of heart block and no significant residual shunts in the latest follow-up study. Two patients with Swiss cheese septum had postoperative congestive heart failure. Three muscular ventricular septal defects were closed with the sandwich technique in these 2 patients, whereas 1 or fewer ventricular septal defects were closed with the sandwich technique in the other 27 patients. Seven (77.8%) of 9 patients who underwent the sandwich procedure had septal dysfunction, whereas 5 (25.0%) of the other 20 patients showed septal dysfunction (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS The outcome of the surgical repair of multiple ventricular septal defects was satisfactory. Although the sandwich technique is simple and effective, the use of numerous felt patches disturbed the movement of the interventricular septum. An effort should be made to close the muscular ventricular septal defect directly to avoid postoperative cardiac dysfunction. Large apical ventricular septal defects, especially those located just underneath the moderator band, are considered suitable for the sandwich technique.
Collapse
|
25
|
Risk stratification in neonates and infants submitted to cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a multimarker approach combining inflammatory mediators, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and troponin I. Cytokine 2008; 42:317-24. [PMID: 18417355 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2008.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2007] [Revised: 02/22/2008] [Accepted: 03/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) is a common problem following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in neonates and infants, and its early recognition remains a challenging task. We aimed to test whether a multimarker approach combining inflammatory and cardiac markers provides complementary information for prediction of LCOS and death in children submitted to cardiac surgery with CPB. Forty-six children younger than 18 months with congenital heart defects were prospectively enrolled. No intervention was made. Blood samples were collected pre-operatively, during CPB and post-operatively (PO) for measurement of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). Clinical data and outcome variables were recorded. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of LCOS and death. Multivariate logistic regression identified pre-operative NT-proBNP and IL-8 4h PO as independent predictors of LCOS, while cTnI 4h PO and CPB length were independent predictors of death. The use of inflammatory and cardiac markers in combination improved sensitivity, negative predictive value and accuracy of the models. In conclusion, the combined assessment of inflammatory and cardiac biochemical markers can be useful for identifying young children at increased risk for LCOS and death after heart surgery with CPB.
Collapse
|
26
|
Pavlovic M, Schaller A, Ammann RA, Pfammatter JP, Berdat P, Carrel T, Gallati S. Sodium pump reduction correlates with aortic clamp time in pediatric heart surgery. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2006; 231:1300-5. [PMID: 16946398 DOI: 10.1177/153537020623100803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial depression after cardiac surgery is modulated by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and the underlying heart disease. The sodium pump is a key component for myocardial function. We hypothesized that the change in sodium pump expression during CPB correlates with intraoperative and postoperative laboratory and clinical parameters in neonates and children with various congenital heart defects. Sodium pump isoforms alpha1 (ATP1A1) and alpha3 (ATP1A3) mRNA expression in right atrial myocardium, excised before and after CPB, was quantified. Groups were assigned according to presence (VO group, n = 8) or absence (NO group, n = 8) of right atrial volume overload. CPB and aortic clamp time correlated with postoperative troponin-I values and ICU stay. ATP1A1 (P = 0.008) and ATP1A3 (P = 0.038) mRNA expression were significantly reduced during CPB. Longer aortic clamp times were associated with lower postoperative ATP1A1 (P = 0.045) and ATP1A3 (P = 0.002) mRNA expression. Low postoperative ATP1A1 (P = 0.043) and ATP1A3 (P = 0.002) expressions were associated with high troponin-I values. These results were restricted to the VO group. No correlation of sodium pump mRNA expression was found with the duration of ICU stay or ventilation. The postoperative troponin-I and clinical parameters correlated with the length of CPB, regardless of volume overload. In contrast, only dilated right atrium seemed to be susceptible to CPB in terms of sodium pump expression, showing a reduction during the operation and a correlation of sodium pump with postoperative troponin-I values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mladen Pavlovic
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Freiburgstrasse 23, 3010 Berne, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
McGuinness J, Neilan TG, Sharkasi A, Bouchier-Hayes D, Redmond JM. Myocardial protection using an omega-3 fatty acid infusion: Quantification and mechanism of action. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006; 132:72-9. [PMID: 16798305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2005] [Revised: 09/25/2005] [Accepted: 10/11/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Omega-3 fatty acids exhibit anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and antiarrhythmic properties. We investigated the extent and underlying mechanism of protection conferred by a pre-emptive omega-3 infusion in a model of regional cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS New-Zealand White rabbits received either the omega-3 infusion or a control infusion of 0.9% saline (n = 14 in each group). The large marginal branch of the left coronary artery was occluded for 30 minutes, cardiac function was assessed during 3 hours of reperfusion, and infarct size was measured. Pretreatment-induced alterations in myocardial membrane fatty acid composition and intramyocardial heat shock protein 72 were additionally assessed (n = 5 in each group). Serum markers of myocardial membrane oxidative stress, malonaldehyde and 8-isoprostane, were also determined. Results are expressed as means +/- standard error of the mean and significance was tested with analysis of variance. RESULTS Pretreatment increased myocardial membrane omega-3 fatty acid content 5-fold, from 0.94% +/- 0.07% in controls to 5.38% +/- 0.44% in the omega-3 group (P < .01), and it produced a 225% elevation of levels of heat shock protein 72 (P = .019) before ischemia-reperfusion. This was associated with a 40% reduction in infarct size (P < .01). Whereas the reperfusion-induced rise in malonaldehyde levels was higher with omega-3 pretreatment, 10.2 +/-1.5 micromol/L versus 6.1 +/- 0.7 micromol/L in controls (P = .04), 8-isoprostanes showed a 9-fold reduction, 679 +/- 190 pg/mL in controls vs 74 +/- 45 pg/mL in the omega-3 group (P = .0077). CONCLUSIONS A pre-emptive omega-3 infusion significantly reduces infarct size through the dual mechanisms of upregulation of heat shock protein 72, a key preconditioning protein, and a dramatic increase in the omega-3 content of myocardial membranes, which appears to facilitate a shift in oxidant ischemia-reperfusion injury. Further study to optimally shorten the pretreatment regimen for this potentially acceptable infusion will now be pursued.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J McGuinness
- Department of Surgery, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bacha EA, Daves S, Hardin J, Abdulla RI, Anderson J, Kahana M, Koenig P, Mora BN, Gulecyuz M, Starr JP, Alboliras E, Sandhu S, Hijazi ZM. Single-ventricle palliation for high-risk neonates: the emergence of an alternative hybrid stage I strategy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 131:163-171.e2. [PMID: 16399308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2005] [Revised: 07/14/2005] [Accepted: 07/19/2005] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival after stage I palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome or related anomalies remains poor in high-risk neonates. We hypothesized that a less invasive hybrid approach would be beneficial in this patient population. METHODS The hybrid stage I procedure was performed in the catheterization laboratory. Via a median sternotomy, both branch pulmonary arteries were banded, and a ductal stent was delivered via a main pulmonary artery puncture and positioned under fluoroscopic guidance. RESULTS Between October 2003 and June 2005, 14 high-risk neonates underwent a hybrid stage I procedure. Eleven of 14 had hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Two also underwent peratrial atrial septal stenting, and 5 required percutaneous atrial stenting later. Two neonates with an intact or highly restrictive atrial septum had emergency percutaneous atrial stent placement. Hospital survival was 11 (78.5%) of 14. One patient required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for intraoperative cardiac arrest. He underwent cardiac transplantation but died later of sepsis. One patient died of ductal stent embolization, and a third died of progressive cardiac dysfunction. The first 4 patients required pulmonary artery band revisions. There were none after we modified our technique and added branch pulmonary artery angiograms. There were 2 interstage deaths from atrial stent occlusion and from preductal retrograde coarctation. Eight patients underwent stage II procedures, consisting of aortic arch reconstruction, atrial septectomy, and cavopulmonary shunt. Two patients died after stage II. One patient is awaiting stage II. CONCLUSIONS The hybrid stage I palliation is a valid option in high-risk neonates. As experience is accrued, it may become the preferred alternative. However, in aortic atresia, the development of preductal retrograde coarctation is a significant problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emile A Bacha
- Department of Congenital and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, The University of Chicago Children's Hospital, Chicago, Ill, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Pavlovic M, Schaller A, Ammann RA, Sanz J, Pfammatter JP, Carrel T, Berdat P, Gallati S. Cardiopulmonary bypass reduces atrial Na+-K+-ATPase expression in children. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 335:700-4. [PMID: 16087159 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.07.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2005] [Accepted: 07/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may induce serious side effects, potentially leading to myocardial failure. The Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase is a key component for myocardial function. Due to its developmental regulation, results from adult studies cannot be adopted to the situation in childhood. Right atrial myocardium from patients with left-to-right shunts at atrial level (VO, n=8) and those without (NO, n=8) was excised during heart surgery before and after CPB. Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase isoforms ATP1A1 (p=0.008) and ATP1A3 (p=0.038) decreased during CPB, which decrease was restricted to the VO group. This study highlights the importance of the underlying heart defect for susceptibility to the effects of CPB, showing a reduced Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase mRNA expression only in patients with left-to-right shunts on the atrial level. This seemed to be an early molecular event, as apart from one, none of the patients showed heart failure before or after surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mladen Pavlovic
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, 3010 Berne, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|