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Li C, Zhou Z, Hou L, Hu K, Wu Z, Xie Y, Ouyang J, Cai X. A novel machine learning model for efficacy prediction of immunotherapy-chemotherapy in NSCLC based on CT radiomics. Comput Biol Med 2024; 178:108638. [PMID: 38897152 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is categorized into two main types: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer. Of these, NSCLC accounts for approximately 85% of all cases and encompasses varieties such as squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. For patients with advanced NSCLC that do not have oncogene addiction, the preferred treatment approach is a combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the progression-free survival (PFS) typically ranges only from about 6 to 8 months, accompanied by certain adverse events. In order to carry out individualized treatment more effectively, it is urgent to accurately screen patients with PFS for more than 12 months under this treatment regimen. Therefore, this study undertook a retrospective collection of pulmonary CT images from 60 patients diagnosed with NSCLC treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. It developed a machine learning model, designated as bSGSRIME-SVM, which integrates the rime optimization algorithm with self-adaptive Gaussian kernel probability search (SGSRIME) and support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Specifically, the model initiates its process by employing the SGSRIME algorithm to identify pivotal image features. Subsequently, it utilizes an SVM classifier to assess these features, aiming to enhance the model's predictive accuracy. Initially, the superior optimization capability and robustness of SGSRIME in IEEE CEC 2017 benchmark functions were validated. Subsequently, employing color moments and gray-level co-occurrence matrix methods, image features were extracted from images of 60 NSCLC patients undergoing immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy. The developed model was then utilized for analysis. The results indicate a significant advantage of the model in predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy for NSCLC, with an accuracy of 92.381% and a specificity of 96.667%. This lays the foundation for more accurate PFS predictions and personalized treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengye Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| | - Zhifeng Zhou
- Wenzhou University Library, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Lingxian Hou
- Rehabilitation Department, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| | - Keli Hu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China; Information Technology R&D Innovation Center of Peking University, Shaoxing, 312000, China.
| | - Zongda Wu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China.
| | - Yupeng Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| | - Jinsheng Ouyang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| | - Xueding Cai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
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2
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Yang D, Li X, Xue X, Jiang L, Shi A, Zhao J. Anlotinib hydrochloride consolidation after concurrent chemoradiotherapy in stage III non-small-cell lung cancer: a truncated, randomized, multicenter, clinical study (ALTER-L029). Anticancer Drugs 2024; 35:680-685. [PMID: 38718190 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Anlotinib is an antiangiogenic drug that shows good efficacy and safety in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of anlotinib for consolidation therapy in patients with stage III locally advanced, unresectable NSCLC after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT). This was a randomized, parallel-controlled, open-label, multicenter, phase II trial of patients with unresectable/nonoperated NSCLC treated with cCRT. The participants were randomized 2:1 to the anlotinib or control group. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints were the disease control rate (DCR) and overall survival. This study was terminated early due to poor recruitment. Nine and two participants were randomly assigned to the anlotinib and control groups, respectively. One participant in the control group was excluded due to taking prohibited medications before the first efficacy evaluation. In the anlotinib group, the median age was 63 (range, 37-74) years. Two participants achieved partial response, six stable disease, and one progressive disease as best response. The DCR was 88.9%. The median PFS was 11.5 months, and the 12-month PFS rate was 33.9%. All related adverse events were grade 1 or 2. Two participants had a dose adjustment during the study. The evaluable data suggest that anlotinib alone was effective and tolerable in consolidation therapy after cCRT in patients with stage III unresectable NSCLC. The results need to be confirmed by a large-sample trial. This clinical trial was registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03743129). Registration date: 6 September 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Thoracic Radiotherapy Ward 2, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan
| | - Xiaoying Xue
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang
| | - Leilei Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing
| | - Anhui Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Oncology I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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3
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Wu Y, Yu G, Jin K, Qian J. Advancing non-small cell lung cancer treatment: the power of combination immunotherapies. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1349502. [PMID: 39015563 PMCID: PMC11250065 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1349502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains an unsolved challenge in oncology, signifying a substantial global health burden. While considerable progress has been made in recent years through the emergence of immunotherapy modalities, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), monotherapies often yield limited clinical outcomes. The rationale behind combining various immunotherapeutic or other anticancer agents, the mechanistic underpinnings, and the clinical evidence supporting their utilization is crucial in NSCLC therapy. Regarding the synergistic potential of combination immunotherapies, this study aims to provide insights to help the landscape of NSCLC treatment and improve clinical outcomes. In addition, this review article discusses the challenges and considerations of combination regimens, including toxicity management and patient selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlin Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guangmao Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ketao Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinchang People’s Hospital, Affiliated Xinchang Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Xinchang, Zhejiang, China
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Jang JY, Song SY, Shin YS, Kim HU, Choi EK, Kim SW, Lee JC, Lee DH, Choi CM, Yoon S, Kim SS. Contribution of Enhanced Locoregional Control to Improved Overall Survival with Consolidative Durvalumab after Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Insights from Real-World Data. Cancer Res Treat 2024; 56:785-794. [PMID: 38228082 PMCID: PMC11261197 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2023.1014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the real-world clinical outcomes of consolidative durvalumab in patients with unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) and to explore the role of radiotherapy in the era of immunotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study assessed 171 patients with unresectable LA-NSCLC who underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with or without consolidative durvalumab at Asan Medical Center between May 2018 and May 2021. Primary outcomes included freedom from locoregional failure (FFLRF), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Durvalumab following CCRT demonstrated a prolonged median PFS of 20.9 months (p=0.048) and a 3-year FFLRF rate of 57.3% (p=0.008), compared to 13.7 months and 38.8%, respectively, with CCRT alone. Furthermore, the incidence of in-field recurrence was significantly greater in the CCRT-alone group compared to the durvalumab group (26.8% vs. 12.4%, p=0.027). While median OS was not reached with durvalumab, it was 35.4 months in patients receiving CCRT alone (p=0.010). Patients positive for programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression showed notably better outcomes, including FFLRF, DMFS, PFS, and OS. Adherence to PACIFIC trial eligibility criteria identified 100 patients (58.5%) as ineligible. The use of durvalumab demonstrated better survival regardless of eligibility criteria. CONCLUSION The use of durvalumab consolidation following CCRT significantly enhanced locoregional control and OS in patients with unresectable LA-NSCLC, especially in those with PD-L1-positive tumors, thereby validating the role of durvalumab in standard care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Yun Jang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Si Yeol Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Seob Shin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ha Un Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-We Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Cheol Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Ho Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Min Choi
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shinkyo Yoon
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Ssan Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Gómez Rueda A, Taus Á, Álvarez Álvarez R, Bernabé-Caro R, Chara L, López-Brea M, Vilà L, Sala González MÁ, Del Barrio Díaz Aldagalán A, Esteban Herrera B, López Castro R, Álvarez Cabellos R, Doménech M, Falagan S, Moreno Vega A, Aguado C, Barba A, Delgado Ureña MT, Isla D, Bellido Hernández L, Fírvida Pérez JL, Juan-Vidal Ó, Massutí B, Mielgo-Rubio X, Ortega AL, Catot S, Dómine M, Escoín-Pérez C, García Navalón F, Gil-Bazo I, Muñoz S, Rodríguez-Abreu D, Villatoro Roldán RM, Alonso-Jáudenes Curbera G, León-Mateos L, Padilla A, Paredes Lario A, Sánchez-Torres JM, Garrido P. The S-REAL study: Spanish real-world data on unresectable stage III NSCLC patients treated with durvalumab after chemoradiotherapy. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:1779-1789. [PMID: 38512450 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03404-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The S-REAL study aimed to assess the effectiveness of durvalumab as consolidation therapy after definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in a real-world cohort of patients with locally advanced, unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) included in a Spanish early access program (EAP). METHODS In this multicentre, observational, retrospective study we analysed data from patients treated in 39 Spanish hospitals, who started intravenous durvalumab (10 mg/kg every 2 weeks) between September 2017 and December 2018. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included patient characterization and adverse events of special interest (AESI). RESULTS A total of 244 patients were followed up for a median of 21.9 months [range 1.2-34.7]. Median duration of durvalumab was 45.5 weeks (11.4 months) [0-145]. Median PFS was 16.7 months (95% CI 12.2-25). No remarkable differences in PFS were observed between patients with programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression ≥ 1% or < 1% (16.7 versus 15.6 months, respectively). However, PFS was higher in patients who had received prior concurrent CRT (cCRT) versus sequential CRT (sCRT) (20.6 versus 9.4 months). AESIs leading to durvalumab discontinuation were registered in 11.1% of patients. CONCLUSIONS These results are in line with prior published evidence and confirm the benefits of durvalumab in the treatment of LA-NSCLC patients in a real-world setting. We also observed a lower incidence of important treatment-associated toxicities, such as pneumonitis, compared with the pivotal phase III PACIFIC clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gómez Rueda
- Medical Oncology Department, IRYCIS, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Carretera Colmenar ViejoKM 9100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Taus
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Álvarez Álvarez
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Luis Chara
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Spain
| | - Marta López-Brea
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Laia Vilà
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació I Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marta Doménech
- Medical Oncology Department, Instituto Catalán de Oncología, Badalona, Spain
- Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Carlos Aguado
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Barba
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Dolores Isla
- Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | | | - Óscar Juan-Vidal
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Bartomeu Massutí
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de Alicante-ISABIAL, Alicante, Spain
| | - Xabier Mielgo-Rubio
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Laura Ortega
- UGC de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Silvia Catot
- Medical Oncology Department Althaia, Xarxa Assistencial Universitària Manresa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Dómine
- Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, IIS-FJD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Corina Escoín-Pérez
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Ribera, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Ignacio Gil-Bazo
- Medical Oncology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Muñoz
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital General de Granollers, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Delvys Rodríguez-Abreu
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular-Materno Infantil de Gran Canaria, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis León-Mateos
- Medical Oncology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Airam Padilla
- Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Alfredo Paredes Lario
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario de Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | - Pilar Garrido
- Medical Oncology Department, IRYCIS, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Carretera Colmenar ViejoKM 9100, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
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Liu H, Wang Q, Lan W, Liu D, Huang J, Yao J. Radiosensitization effect of quinoline-indole-schiff base derivative 10E on non-small cell lung cancer cells in vitro and in tumor xenografts. Invest New Drugs 2024:10.1007/s10637-024-01451-1. [PMID: 38880855 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-024-01451-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Radioresistance is an inevitable obstacle in the clinical treatment of inoperable patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Combining treatment with radiosensitizers may improve the efficacy of radiotherapy. Previously, the quinoline derivative 10E as new exporter of Nur77 has shown superior antitumor activity in hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we aimed to investigate the radiosensitizing activity and acting mechanisms of 10E. In vitro, A549 and H460 cells were treated with control, ionizing radiation (IR), 10E, and 10E + IR. Cell viability, apoptosis, and cycle were examined using CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays. Protein expression and localization were examined using western blotting and immunofluorescence. Tumor xenograft models were established to evaluate the radiosensitizing effect of 10E in vivo. 10E significantly inhibited cell proliferation and increased their radiosensitivity while reducing level of p-BCRA1, p-DNA-PKs, and 53BP1 involved in the DNA damage repair pathway, indicating that its radiosensitizing activity is closely associated with repressing DNA damage repair. A549 cells showed low level of Nur77 and a low response to IR but 10E-treated A549 cells showed high level of Nur77 indicating that Nur77 is a core radiosensitivity factor and 10E restores the expression of Nur77. Nur77 and Ku80 extranuclear co-localization in the 10E-treated A549 cells suggested that 10E-modulated Nur77 nuclear exportation inhibits DNA damage repair pathways and increases IR-triggered apoptosis. The combination of 10E and IR significantly inhibits tumor growth in a tumor xenograft model. Our findings suggest that 10E acts as a radiosensitizer and that combining 10E with radiotherapy may be a potential strategy for NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Liu
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Wanying Lan
- Guixi Community Health Center of the Chengdu Hi-Tech Zone, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Duanya Liu
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Jiangang Huang
- Xingzhi College, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, China.
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Dessai A, Nayak UY, Nayak Y. Precision nanomedicine to treat non-small cell lung cancer. Life Sci 2024; 346:122614. [PMID: 38604287 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a major cause of death worldwide, being often detected at a later stage due to the non-appearance of early symptoms. Therefore, specificity of the treatment is of utmost importance for its effective treatment. Precision medicine is a personalized therapy based on the genomics of the patient to design a suitable drug approach. Genetic mutations render the tumor resistant to specific mutations and the therapy is in vain even though correct medications are prescribed. Therefore, Precision medicine needs to be explored for the treatment of Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nanoparticles are widely explored to give personalized interventions to treat lung cancer due to their various advantages like the ability to reach cancer cells, enhanced permeation through tissues, specificity, increased bioavailability, etc. Various nanoparticles (NPs) including gold nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, aptamer-based NPs etc. were conjugated with biomarkers/diagnostic agents specific to cancer type and were delivered. Various biomarker genes have been identified through precision techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC like EGFR, RET, KRAS, ALK, ROS-1, NTRK-1, etc. By incorporating of drug with the nanoparticle through bioconjugation, the specificity of the treatment can be enhanced with this revolutionary treatment. Additionally, integration of theranostic cargos in the nanoparticle would allow diagnosis as well as treatment by targeting the site of disease progression. Therefore, to target NSCLC effectively precision nanomedicine has been adopted in recent times. Here, we present different nanoparticles that are used as precision nanomedicine and their effectiveness against NSCLC disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Dessai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Usha Yogendra Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
| | - Yogendra Nayak
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
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Patel JS, McCall NS, Thomas M, Zhou J, Higgins KA, Bradley JD, Tian S, McDonald MW, Kesarwala AH, Stokes WA. Immune System Dose With Proton Versus Photon Radiotherapy for Treatment of Locally Advanced NSCLC. Int J Part Ther 2024; 12:100016. [PMID: 38832321 PMCID: PMC11145531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpt.2024.100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Emerging data have illuminated the impact of effective radiation dose to immune cells (EDIC) on outcomes in patients with locally advanced, unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Hypothesizing that intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) may reduce EDIC versus IMRT, we conducted a dosimetric analysis of patients treated at our institution. Materials and Methods Data were retrospectively collected for 12 patients with locally advanced, unresectable NSCLC diagnosed between 2019 and 2021 who had physician-approved IMRT and IMPT plans. Data to calculate EDIC from both Jin et al (PMID: 34944813) and Ladbury et al's (PMID: 31175902) models were abstracted. Paired t tests were utilized to compare the difference in mean EDIC between IMPT and IMRT plans. Results IMPT decreased EDIC for 11 of 12 patients (91.7%). The mean EDIC per the Jin model was significantly lower with IMPT than IMRT (3.04 GyE vs 4.99 Gy, P < .001). Similarly, the mean EDIC per the Ladbury model was significantly lower with IMPT than IMRT (4.50 GyE vs 7.60 Gy, P < .002). Modeled 2-year overall survival was significantly longer with IMPT than IMRT (median 71% vs 63%; P = .03). Conclusion IMPT offers a statistically significant reduction in EDIC compared to IMRT. Given the emergence of EDIC as a modifiable prognostic factor in treatment planning, our dosimetric study highlights a potential role for IMPT to address an unmet need in improving oncologic outcomes in patients with locoregionally advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy S. Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Neal S. McCall
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Matthew Thomas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kristin A. Higgins
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jeffrey D. Bradley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sibo Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Mark W. McDonald
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Aparna H. Kesarwala
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - William A. Stokes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Auliac JB, Greillier L, Martin E, Falcoz PE, Boisselier P, Ano S, Lefrançois M, Cortot A. Profiles, diagnostic process, and patterns of care of patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer: A French national study. Respir Med Res 2024; 85:101087. [PMID: 38657298 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmer.2024.101087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The management of stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains heterogeneous and complex, even after the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors post-chemoradiotherapy (CRT). This observational study from France evaluated real-world practices in managing stage III NSCLC. METHODS Between 2020 and 2022, we conducted a physician practice survey in 41 medical centers across France, and retrospectively analyzed aggregated information from 417 consecutive charts of patients with stage III NSCLC. We collected information on diagnostic and staging procedures, biomarker testing, surgical and non-surgical treatments, and follow-up. RESULTS According to the physician survey, diagnostic workup of stage III NSCLC primarily relied on positron emission tomography/computed tomography and brain magnetic resonance imaging, performed for the majority of patients in 100 % and 78 % of centers, respectively. Of 417 patient charts, 414 were evaluable with 53 % of patients having stage IIIA disease, 37 % IIIB, and 10 % IIIC. The most common node involvement was N2 (59 %). Programmed death-ligand 1 testing was conducted for 98 % of patients. Invasive staging (mediastinoscopy or endobronchial ultrasound) was performed in 41 % of patients, of whom 83 % had N2 or N3 nodal involvement. Surgical resection was offered to 120 patients (29 %), with 85 % achieving R0 resection. In 292 charts of patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC, 190 patients (65 %) were offered CRT followed by consolidation immunotherapy. Within these patients, concurrent CRT was more frequently employed (52 %) than sequential CRT (13 %). CONCLUSIONS Diagnostic procedures and treatment modalities in French medical centers generally align with clinical guidelines for stage III NSCLC, except for invasive staging that was less commonly performed than expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Bernard Auliac
- Pulmonary department, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 40 avenue de Verdun, 94010 Créteil cedex, France.
| | - Laurent Greillier
- Department of Multidisciplinary Oncology and Therapeutic Innovations, Aix-Marseille University, APHM, INSERM, CNRS, CRCM, Hôpital Nord, Chemin des Bourrely, 13015 Marseille, France
| | - Etienne Martin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, 1 Rue du Professeur Marion, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Falcoz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - Pierre Boisselier
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Parc Euromédecine, 208 Av. des Apothicaires, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Sabine Ano
- AstraZeneca Marketing Company, Tour Carpe Diem, 31 Pl. des Corolles, 92400 Courbevoie, France
| | | | - Alexis Cortot
- Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Thoracic Oncology Department, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, INSERM, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-UMR-S 1277-Canther, 1, rue du Professeur Calmette, 59019 Lille cedex, France
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10
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Yin X, Chen H, Sun Y, Xiao L, Lu H, Guo W, Yang H, Zhou J, Fan K, Liang W. Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio change in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with thoracic radiotherapy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11984. [PMID: 38796631 PMCID: PMC11127913 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62662-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In prior investigations, a correlation was established between patient outcomes in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) following thoracic irradiation and parameters, such as pre/post-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and NLR change (ΔNLR). However, these parameters could potentially be influenced by radiation-related variables, such as gross tumor volume (GTV). The primary aim of this study was to elucidate the factors impacting post-treatment NLR and ΔNLR and to further assess their prognostic relevance. In this retrospective study, a cohort of 188 LA-NSCLC patients who underwent thoracic radiation between 2012 and 2017 was assessed. The calculation of pre/post-treatment NLR involved the use of absolute neutrophil and lymphocyte counts. ΔNLR was defined as the difference between post- and pre-treatment NLR values. To assess the relationships between various variables and overall survival (OS), local progression-free survival (LPFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), the Kaplan-Meier technique and Cox proportional hazards regression were employed. Additionally, Spearman's rank correlation analysis was carried out to investigate correlations between the variables. The analysis revealed that both post-treatment NLR (r = 0.315, P < 0.001) and ΔNLR (r = 0.156, P = 0.032) were associated with GTV. However, OS, LPFS, and DMFS were not independently correlated with pre/post-treatment NLR. ΔNLR, on the other hand, exhibited independent associations with OS and DMFS (HR = 1.054, P = 0.020, and P = 0.046, respectively). Elevated ΔNLR values were linked to poorer OS (P = 0.023) and DMFS (P = 0.018) in the Kaplan-Meier analysis. Furthermore, when stratifying by GTV, a higher ΔNLR remained to be associated with worse OS and DMFS (P = 0.047 and P = 0.035, respectively) in the GTV ≤ 67.41 cm3 group, and in the GTV > 67.41 cm3 group (P = 0.028 and P = 0.042, respectively), highlighting ΔNLR as the sole independent predictive factor for survival and metastasis, irrespective of GTV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Hebei Province, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 31, Huanghe West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Haijun Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Yunchuan Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Hebei Province, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 31, Huanghe West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China.
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Hebei Province, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 31, Huanghe West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Hongling Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Hebei Province, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 31, Huanghe West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Hebei Province, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 31, Huanghe West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Hongjuan Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Hebei Province, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 31, Huanghe West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Jianxi Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Hebei Province, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 31, Huanghe West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Kui Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Hebei Province, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 31, Huanghe West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Hebei Province, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 31, Huanghe West Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
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11
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Rotem O, Geiger KR, Hanovich E, Moskovitz M, Kurman N, Reinhorn D, Peretz I, Yerushalmi R, Stemmer SM. Seeing the Trees From the Forest: Challenges in Subgroup Analysis-Based Guidelines in Oncology. Oncol Rev 2024; 18:1355256. [PMID: 38855534 PMCID: PMC11162106 DOI: 10.3389/or.2024.1355256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
As clinical trials in oncology require substantial efforts, maximizing the insights gained from them by conducting subgroup analyses is often attempted. The goal of these analyses is to identify subgroups of patients who are likely to benefit, as well as the subgroups of patients who are unlikely to benefit from the studied intervention. International guidelines occasionally include or exclude novel medications and technologies for specific subpopulations based on such analyses of pivotal trials without requiring confirmatory trials. This Perspective discusses the importance of providing a complete dataset of clinical information when reporting subgroup analyses and explains why such transparency is key for better clinical interpretation of the results and the appropriate application to clinical care, by providing examples of transparent reporting of clinical studies and examples of incomplete reporting of clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofer Rotem
- Davidoff Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Karyn Revital Geiger
- Leumit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Coller School of Management, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Mor Moskovitz
- Davidoff Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Noga Kurman
- Davidoff Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Daniel Reinhorn
- Davidoff Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Idit Peretz
- Davidoff Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Rinat Yerushalmi
- Davidoff Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Salomon M. Stemmer
- Davidoff Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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12
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Yin X, Liu X, Ren F, Meng X. The later-line efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors plus anlotinib in EGFR-mutant patients with EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC: a single-center retrospective study. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:134. [PMID: 38758372 PMCID: PMC11101402 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03712-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective treatment after EGFR-TKI resistance is of great clinical concern. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib in combination with an anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody in later-line therapy for EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients after TKI treatment failure and to explore the independent predictive factors of therapeutic efficacy. METHODS A total of 71 patients with confirmed advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC who progressed after previous standard EGFR-TKI therapy but still failed after multiline treatments were included retrospectively in this study. Most of the patients had previously received at least three lines of treatment. All were treated with anlotinib combined with anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 therapy. The safety of this combined treatment was assessed by the incidence of adverse events. The efficacy of the regimens was evaluated by survival analysis (OS, PFS, ORR, DCR). RESULTS The median follow-up period was 28.6 months (range: 2.3-54.0 months), and the median number of treatment lines was 4. The overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 19.7% and 77.5%, respectively. The median PFS was 5.8 months (95% CI 4.2-7.4 months), and the median OS was 17.1 months (95% CI 12.0-22.3 months). Patients who received immune checkpoint inhibitors plus anlotinib had an encouraging intracranial ORR of 38.5% and a DCR of 80.8%. ECOG performance status < 2 at baseline was independent protective factors of PFS. Metastatic organs and ECOG performance status were independent parameters in predicting OS. Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 66 (93.0%) patients; most of the adverse events were Grade 1-2, and no increase in adverse events was observed compared to monotherapy. CONCLUSION Anlotinib combined with an anti-PD-1/PD-L1-based regimen exhibited promising efficacy and tolerance in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations after previous TKI failure. The efficacy of this combined regimen in patients with EGFR mutations should be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xinchao Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangjiao Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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13
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Liu X, Zhang Z, Yuan J, Yu J, Chen D. Spatial interaction and functional status of CD68 +SHP2 + macrophages in tumor microenvironment correlate with overall survival of NSCLC. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1396719. [PMID: 38799432 PMCID: PMC11116570 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1396719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute a plastic and heterogeneous cell population of the tumor microenvironment (TME) that can regulate tumor proliferation and support resistance to therapy, constituting promising targets for the development of novel anticancer agents. Our previous results suggest that SHP2 plays a crucial role in reprogramming the phenotype of TAMs. Thus, we hypothesized that SHP2+ TAM may predict the treatment efficacy of non-small cell lung cancer NSCLC patients as a biomarker. Methods We analyzed cancer tissue samples from 79 NSCLC patients using multiplex fluorescence (mIF) staining to visualize various SHP-2+ TAM subpopulations (CD68+SHP2+, CD68+CD86+, CD68 + 206+, CD68+ CD86+SHP2+, CD68+ CD206+SHP2+) and T cells (CD8+ Granzyme B +) of immune cells. The immune cells proportions were quantified in the tumor regions (Tumor) and stromal regions (Stroma), as well as in the overall tumor microenvironment (Tumor and Stroma, TME). The analysis endpoint was overall survival (OS), correlating them with levels of cell infiltration or effective density. Cox regression was used to evaluate the associations between immune cell subsets infiltration and OS. Correlations between different immune cell subsets were examined by Spearman's tests. Results In NSCLC, the distribution of different macrophage subsets within the TME, tumor regions, and stroma regions exhibited inconsistency. The proportions of CD68+ SHP2+ TAMs (P < 0.05) were higher in tumor than in stroma. And the high infiltration of CD68+SHP2+ TAMs in tumor areas correlated with poor OS (P < 0.05). We found that the expression level of SHP2 was higher in M2-like macrophages than in M1-like macrophages. The CD68+SHP2+ subset proportion was positively correlated with the CD68+CD206+ subset within TME (P < 0.0001), tumor (P < 0.0001) and stroma (P < 0.0001). Conclusions The high infiltration of CD68+SHP2+ TAMs predict poor OS in NSCLC. Targeting SHP2 is a potentially effective strategy to inhibit M2-phenotype polarization. And it provides a new thought for SHP2 targeted cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zengfu Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jupeng Yuan
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
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14
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Riudavets M, Auclin E, Mosteiro M, Dempsey N, Majem M, Prelaj A, López-Castro R, Bosch-Barrera J, Pilotto S, Escalera E, Tagliamento M, Mosquera J, Zalcman G, Aboubakar Nana F, Ponce S, Albarrán-Artahona V, Dal Maso A, Spotti M, Mielgo X, Mussat E, Reyes R, Benítez JC, Lupinacci L, Duchemann B, De Giglio A, Blaquier JB, Audigier-Valette C, Scheffler M, Nadal E, Lopes G, Signorelli D, Garcia-Campelo R, Menis J, Bluthgen V, Campayo M, Recondo G, Besse B, Mezquita L, Planchard D. Association Between Lung Immune Prognostic Index and Durvalumab Consolidation Outcomes in Patients With Locally Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Lung Cancer 2024; 25:233-243.e8. [PMID: 38105153 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The LIPI, based on pretreatment derived neutrophils/[leukocytes-neutrophils] ratio (dNLR) and LDH, is associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) outcomes in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aimed to assess baseline LIPI correlation with durvalumab consolidation outcomes in the locally advanced setting. MATERIAL AND METHODS Multicentre retrospective study (330 patients) with stage III unresectable NSCLC treated with durvalumab after chemo-radiotherapy between April 2015 and December 2020; 65 patients treated with chemo-radiotherapy only. Baseline LIPI characterized 3 groups: good (dNLR≤3+LDH≤ULN), intermediate (dNLR>3/LDH>ULN) and poor (dNLR>3+LDH>ULN). Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). RESULTS In the durvalumab cohort, median age was 67 years, 95% smokers, 98% with a performance status of 0-1; 60% had nonsquamous histology and 16% a PD-L1 expression <1%. Radiotherapy was delivered concurrently in 81%. LIPI was evaluable in 216 patients: 66% good, 31% intermediate, 3% poor. LIPI significantly correlated with median OS (median follow-up: 19 months): 18.1 months vs. 47.0 months vs. not reached in poor, intermediate and good LIPI groups, respectively (P = .03). A trend between objective response rate and LIPI groups was observed: 0% vs. 41% vs. 45%, respectively (P = .05). The pooled intermediate/poor LIPI group was associated with shorter OS (HR 1.97; P = .03) and higher risk of progressive disease (OR 2.68; P = .047). Survivals and response were not influenced in the control cohort. CONCLUSION Baseline LIPI correlated with outcomes in patients with locally advanced NSCLC treated with durvalumab consolidation, but not in those who only received chemo-radiotherapy, providing further evidence of its prognostic and potential predictive role of ICI benefit in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Riudavets
- Medical Oncology Department, Gustave Roussy cancer campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Edouard Auclin
- Medical Oncology Department, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP Centre, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Miguel Mosteiro
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia - ICO Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Naomi Dempsey
- Medical Oncology Department, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL
| | - Margarita Majem
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arsela Prelaj
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Rafael López-Castro
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Joaquim Bosch-Barrera
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Sara Pilotto
- Medical Oncology Department, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elena Escalera
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marco Tagliamento
- Medical Oncology Department, Gustave Roussy cancer campus, Villejuif, France; Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties Department, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Joaquin Mosquera
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Gérard Zalcman
- Université Paris Cité, Thoracic Oncology Department, CIC Inserm 1425, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
| | | | - Santiago Ponce
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Albarrán-Artahona
- Medical Oncology Department, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Laboratory of Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alessandro Dal Maso
- Medical Oncology Department, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Spotti
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Alemán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Xabier Mielgo
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elodie Mussat
- Medical Oncology Department, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP Centre, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Roxana Reyes
- Medical Oncology Department, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Laboratory of Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose-Carlos Benítez
- Medical Oncology Department, Gustave Roussy cancer campus, Villejuif, France; Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari Mutua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorena Lupinacci
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Italiano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Boris Duchemann
- Medical Oncology Department, Hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny, France
| | - Andrea De Giglio
- Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Juan Bautista Blaquier
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas (CEMIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Matthias Scheffler
- Internal Medicine I Department, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ernest Nadal
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia - ICO Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gilberto Lopes
- Medical Oncology Department, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL
| | - Diego Signorelli
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milan, Milano, Italy; Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Jessica Menis
- Medical Oncology Department, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Virginia Bluthgen
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Alemán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marc Campayo
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari Mutua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Recondo
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas (CEMIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Benjamin Besse
- Medical Oncology Department, Gustave Roussy cancer campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Laura Mezquita
- Medical Oncology Department, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Laboratory of Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - David Planchard
- Medical Oncology Department, Gustave Roussy cancer campus, Villejuif, France
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15
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Weishan H, Donglin Z, Guangmei D, Wenya L, Fasheng W, Jibing C. Immunoradiotherapy for NSCLC: mechanisms, clinical outcomes, and future directions. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:1063-1076. [PMID: 37921958 PMCID: PMC11026276 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03337-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has an extremely low 5-year survival rate, with the only effective treatment being immunoradiotherapy (iRT). Here, we review the progress of clinical research on iRT for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) over 2018-2023, as well as the future directions. We first discuss the synergistic mechanisms of iRT, reflected in three aspects: immune regulation of RT, RT-activated immune-related pathways, and RT-related immune sensitization. iRT may include either external-beam or stereotactic-body RT combined with either immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., immunoglobulins against immune programmed cell death (PD) 1/PD ligand 1 or CD8+ T lymphocyte antigen 4) or traditional Chinese medicine drugs. Regarding clinical effectiveness and safety, iRT increases overall and progression-free survival and tumor control rate among patients with NSCLC but without a considerable increase in toxicity risk. We finally discuss iRT challenges and future directions reported over 2018-2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Weishan
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zheng Donglin
- Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Deng Guangmei
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Liu Wenya
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wu Fasheng
- Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Chen Jibing
- Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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16
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Sridhar A, Khan H, Yohannan B, Chan KH, Kataria N, Jafri SH. A Review of the Current Approach and Treatment Landscape for Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2633. [PMID: 38731161 PMCID: PMC11084624 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13092633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic landscape of the management of stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has drastically evolved with the incorporation of immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Stage III NSCLC accounts for one-third of the cases and the treatment strategy of these locally advanced presentations are diverse, ranging from surgical to non-surgical options; with the incorporation of chemo-immunotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies wherever applicable. The staging of this disease has also changed, and it is essential to have a strong multidisciplinary approach to do justice to patient care. In this article, we aim to navigate the nuanced approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of stage III NSCLC and expand on the evolution of the management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthi Sridhar
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55901, USA
| | - Hina Khan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Binoy Yohannan
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55901, USA
| | - Kok Hoe Chan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nilansh Kataria
- Department of Internal Medicine, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA;
| | - Syed Hasan Jafri
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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17
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Orosz Z, Kovács Á. The role of chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy in stage III NSCLC. Pathol Oncol Res 2024; 30:1611716. [PMID: 38706775 PMCID: PMC11066192 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2024.1611716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Locally advanced non-small lung cancer encompasses a diverse range of tumors. In the last few years, the treatment of stage III unresectable non-small lung cancer has evolved significantly. The PACIFIC trial opened a new therapeutic era in the treatment of locally advanced NSCLC, establishing durvalumab consolidation therapy as the new standard of care worldwide. A careful evaluation of this type of lung cancer and a discussion of the management of these patients within a multidisciplinary team represents a crucial step in defining the best treatment strategy for each patient. For unresectable stage III NSCLC, definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) was historically recommended as a treatment with a 5-year survival rate ranging from 20% to 30%. The PACIFIC study conducted in 2017 compared the use of chemoradiotherapy and maintenance therapy with the anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody durvalumab to a placebo in patients with locally advanced NSCLC who had not experienced disease progression. The study was prospective, randomized, and phase III. The administration of this medication in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has demonstrated a notable improvement in overall survival. Multiple clinical trials are currently exploring various immune checkpoint inhibition regimens to enhance the treatment efficacy in patients with stage III cancer. Our goal is to offer an up-to-date summary of the planned clinical trials for treatment options, focusing on the significant obstacles and prospects in the post-PACIFIC era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Orosz
- Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Árpád Kovács
- Department of Oncoradiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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18
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Alberti A, Gurizzan C, Baggi A, Bossi P. Where do we stand with immunotherapy for nonmelanoma skin cancers in the curative setting? Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 32:89-95. [PMID: 37997885 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC) represent a heterogeneous group of diseases that encompasses among the principal histologies basal cell carcinoma (BCC), cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), and Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). Given the fact that high tumor mutational burden due to ultraviolet mutagenesis represents a common hallmark of NMSCs, immunotherapy has proved to be a promising therapeutic approach in recent years. The aim of this review is to shed light on immunotherapy applications in NMSCs in the curative setting. RECENT FINDINGS Immune checkpoint inhibitors represent the first-line treatment of choice for advanced cSCC and MCC, while in second line for BCC. Given this success, more and more trials are evaluating the use of immune checkpoint blockade in neoadjuvant setting for NMSCs. Clinical trials are still ongoing, with the most mature data being found in cSCC. Also, translational studies have identified promising biomarkers of response. SUMMARY Locoregional treatments of NMSCs can have non negligible functional and cosmetic impacts on patients, affecting their quality of life. As immunogenic diseases, neoadjuvant immunotherapy represents a promising treatment that could change the therapeutic path of these patients. Upcoming results from clinical trials will address these crucial issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Alberti
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia at the Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST)-Spedali Civili, Brescia
| | - Cristina Gurizzan
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia at the Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST)-Spedali Civili, Brescia
| | - Alice Baggi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia at the Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST)-Spedali Civili, Brescia
| | - Paolo Bossi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences - Humanitas University, Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit
- Humanitas Cancer Center - IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano MI, Italy
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19
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Herrmann D, Starova U, Oggiano M, Luta LA, Hamouri S, Ewig S, Hecker E, Scheubel R. Pneumonectomy with Carinal Sleeve Resection in Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 72:242-249. [PMID: 37884031 DOI: 10.1055/a-2199-2164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carinal sleeve resection with pneumonectomy is one of the rarest procedures in thoracic surgery, but for locally advanced central lung cancer with infiltration of the carina, it is an option to achieve complete resection. Additionally, it might be the method of choice for patients with stump insufficiency after pneumonectomy or in the cases with anastomosis dehiscence after sleeve lobectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morbidity and long-term survival of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent sleeve pneumonectomy, either for curative intent or as an option to treat postoperative complications. METHODS All consecutive patients with NSCLC who underwent carinal sleeve pneumonectomy for the aforementioned indications in our department between December 2021 and September 2003 were included in this study. An analysis of demographic characteristics, perioperative variables, and long-term survival was carried out. Data were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS Fifty patients underwent pneumonectomy with carina sleeve resection. Thirty-one cases for curative treatment of NSCLC (primary sleeve pneumonectomy [pSP]) and 19 patients were treated because of postpneumonectomy bronchial stump insufficiency or bronchial anastomosis dehiscence (secondary sleeve pneumonectomy [sSP]). Complications occurred in 30 patients (60%) and the 90-day mortality was 18% (n = 9). Patients with pSP had an estimated overall survival of 39.6 months, compared to estimated overall survival for patients after sSP of 24.5 months (p = 0.01). The N status did not appear to affect outcomes. CONCLUSION Carinal sleeve resection with pneumonectomy is a feasible procedure with limited morbidity and mortality. This procedure is a reasonable therapeutic option for patients with locally advanced central NSCLC after mandatory patient selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Herrmann
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoraxzentrum Ruhrgebiet, Herne, Germany
| | - Urim Starova
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoraxzentrum Ruhrgebiet, Herne, Germany
| | - Melanie Oggiano
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoraxzentrum Ruhrgebiet, Herne, Germany
| | | | - Shadi Hamouri
- Department of General Surgery and Urology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Santiago Ewig
- Department of Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Thoraxzentrum Ruhrgebiet, Herne, Germany
| | - Erich Hecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoraxzentrum Ruhrgebiet, Herne, Germany
| | - Robert Scheubel
- Clinic of Thoracic Surgery, Waldburg-Zeil Clinic, Wangen im Allgäu, Germany
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20
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Tsuji K, Mizugaki H, Yokoo K, Kobayashi M, Kawashima Y, Kimura N, Yokouchi H, Kikuchi H, Sumi T, Kawai Y, Kobashi K, Morita R, Ito K, Kitamura Y, Minemura H, Nakamura K, Aso M, Honjo O, Tanaka H, Takashina T, Tsurumi K, Sugisaka J, Tsukita Y, Konno S, Oizumi S. Durvalumab after chemoradiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutation: A real-world study (HOT2101). Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1273-1282. [PMID: 38287788 PMCID: PMC11006989 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Durvalumab has been administered to patients with unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, it remains unclear whether durvalumab benefits these patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation. We conducted a retrospective, multicenter study of patients with EGFR mutation who received chemoradiotherapy (CRT) between June 2018 and March 2021. We assessed patient characteristics, efficacy of durvalumab, and durvalumab safety before and after targeted therapy. We collected data on a total of 673 patients, of whom 401 (59.6%) underwent EGFR mutation testing. Fifty-one patients were EGFR positive and 311 were EGFR negative. In the EGFR-positive group, there were higher proportions of females, never-smokers, and patients with adenocarcinoma histology. Of the 51 patients in the positive group and 311 in the negative group who received CRT, 45 (88.2%) and 247 (79.4%) received durvalumab, with median progression-free survival of 23.0 and 24.2 months in the positive and negative groups, respectively (hazard ratio 1.03; 95% confidence interval: 0.64-1.67). The main adverse event was pneumonitis (positive group: 62.2%; 4.4% grade 3; negative group: 62.3%; 6.9% grade 3). No treatment-related deaths were observed. Of the 45 patients in the positive group who received durvalumab, 14 (31.1%) received targeted therapy after durvalumab at the data cutoff. One patient discontinued targeted therapy after developing pneumonitis. In patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC with EGFR mutation, durvalumab after CRT is potentially safe and effective. This may be a suitable treatment sequence for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Tsuji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
| | - Hidenori Mizugaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
- Department of Advanced Medical DevelopmentThe Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer ResearchTokyoJapan
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNHO Hokkaido Cancer CenterSapporoJapan
| | - Keiki Yokoo
- Department of Respiratory MedicineTeine Keijinkai HospitalSapporoJapan
| | - Maki Kobayashi
- Department of Respiratory MedicineMiyagi Cancer CenterNatoriJapan
| | - Yosuke Kawashima
- Department of Pulmonary MedicineSendai Kousei HospitalSendaiJapan
| | - Nozomu Kimura
- Department of Respiratory MedicineTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Hiroshi Yokouchi
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNHO Hokkaido Cancer CenterSapporoJapan
| | - Hajime Kikuchi
- Department of Respiratory MedicineObihiro‐Kousei General HospitalObihiroJapan
| | - Toshiyuki Sumi
- Department of Respiratory MedicineHakodate Goryoukaku HospitalHakodateJapan
| | - Yasutaka Kawai
- Department of Respiratory MedicineOji General HospitalTomakomaiJapan
| | - Kenta Kobashi
- Department of Pulmonary MedicineSteel Memorial Muroran HospitalMuroranJapan
| | - Ryo Morita
- Department of Respiratory MedicineAkita Kousei Medical CenterAkitaJapan
| | - Kenichiro Ito
- Department of Respiratory MedicineKKR Sapporo Medical CenterSapporoJapan
| | - Yasuo Kitamura
- Department of Respiratory MedicineKushiro City General HospitalKushiroJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Minemura
- Department of Pulmonary MedicineFukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushimaJapan
| | - Keiichi Nakamura
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNational Hospital Organization Asahikawa Medical CenterAsahikawaJapan
| | - Mari Aso
- Department of Respiratory MedicineYamagata Prefectural Central HospitalYamagataJapan
| | - Osamu Honjo
- Department of Respiratory MedicineSapporo Minami‐Sanjo HospitalSapporoJapan
| | - Hisashi Tanaka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineHirosaki UniversityHirosakiJapan
| | - Taichi Takashina
- Department of Respiratory MedicineIwamizawa Municipal General HospitalIwamizawaJapan
| | - Kyoji Tsurumi
- Department of Respiratory MedicineMiyagi Cancer CenterNatoriJapan
| | - Jun Sugisaka
- Department of Pulmonary MedicineSendai Kousei HospitalSendaiJapan
| | - Yoko Tsukita
- Department of Respiratory MedicineTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Satoshi Konno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
| | - Satoshi Oizumi
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNHO Hokkaido Cancer CenterSapporoJapan
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21
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Thor M, Lee C, Sun L, Patel P, Apte A, Grkovski M, Shepherd AF, Gelblum DY, Wu AJ, Simone CB, Chaft JE, Rimner A, Gomez DR, Deasy JO, Shaverdian N. An 18F-FDG PET/CT and Mean Lung Dose Model to Predict Early Radiation Pneumonitis in Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Chemoradiation and Immunotherapy. J Nucl Med 2024; 65:520-526. [PMID: 38485270 PMCID: PMC10995528 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.266965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiation pneumonitis (RP) that develops early (i.e., within 3 mo) (RPEarly) after completion of concurrent chemoradiation (cCRT) leads to treatment discontinuation and poorer survival for patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer. Since no RPEarly risk model exists, we explored whether published RP models and pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT-derived features predict RPEarly Methods: One hundred sixty patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer treated with cCRT and consolidative immunotherapy were analyzed for RPEarly Three published RP models that included the mean lung dose (MLD) and patient characteristics were examined. Pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT normal-lung SUV featured included the following: 10th percentile of SUV (SUVP10), 90th percentile of SUV (SUVP90), SUVmax, SUVmean, minimum SUV, and SD. Associations between models/features and RPEarly were assessed using area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC), P values, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test (pHL). The cohort was randomly split, with similar RPEarly rates, into a 70%/30% derivation/internal validation subset. Results: Twenty (13%) patients developed RPEarly Predictors for RPEarly were MLD alone (AUC, 0.72; P = 0.02; pHL, 0.87), SUVP10, SUVP90, and SUVmean (AUC, 0.70-0.74; P = 0.003-0.006; pHL, 0.67-0.70). The combined MLD and SUVP90 model generalized in the validation subset and was deemed the final RPEarly model (RPEarly risk = 1/[1+e(- x )]; x = -6.08 + [0.17 × MLD] + [1.63 × SUVP90]). The final model refitted in the 160 patients indicated improvement over the published MLD-alone model (AUC, 0.77 vs. 0.72; P = 0.0001 vs. 0.02; pHL, 0.65 vs. 0.87). Conclusion: Patients at risk for RPEarly can be detected with high certainty by combining the normal lung's MLD and pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT SUVP90 This refined model can be used to identify patients at an elevated risk for premature immunotherapy discontinuation due to RPEarly and could allow for interventions to improve treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Thor
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York;
| | - Chen Lee
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Lian Sun
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Purvi Patel
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Aditya Apte
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Milan Grkovski
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Annemarie F Shepherd
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; and
| | - Daphna Y Gelblum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; and
| | - Abraham J Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; and
| | - Charles B Simone
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; and
| | - Jamie E Chaft
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Andreas Rimner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; and
| | - Daniel R Gomez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; and
| | - Joseph O Deasy
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Narek Shaverdian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; and
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22
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Stewart DJ, Cole K, Bosse D, Brule S, Fergusson D, Ramsay T. Population Survival Kinetics Derived from Clinical Trials of Potentially Curable Lung Cancers. Curr Oncol 2024; 31:1600-1617. [PMID: 38534955 PMCID: PMC10968953 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31030122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Using digitized data from progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival Kaplan-Meier curves, one can assess population survival kinetics through exponential decay nonlinear regression analyses. To demonstrate their utility, we analyzed PFS curves from published curative-intent trials of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) adjuvant chemotherapy, adjuvant osimertinib in resected EGFR-mutant NSCLC (ADAURA trial), chemoradiotherapy for inoperable NSCLC, and limited small cell lung cancer (SCLC). These analyses permit assessment of log-linear curve shape and estimation of the proportion of patients cured, PFS half-lives for subpopulations destined to eventually relapse, and probability of eventual relapse in patients remaining progression-free at different time points. The proportion of patients potentially cured was 41% for adjuvant controls, 58% with adjuvant chemotherapy, 17% for ADAURA controls, not assessable with adjuvant osimertinib, 15% with chemoradiotherapy, and 12% for SCLC. Median PFS half-life for relapsing subpopulations was 11.9 months for adjuvant controls, 17.4 months with adjuvant chemotherapy, 24.4 months for ADAURA controls, not assessable with osimertinib, 9.3 months with chemoradiotherapy, and 10.7 months for SCLC. For those remaining relapse-free at 2 and 5 years, the cure probability was 74%/96% for adjuvant controls, 77%/93% with adjuvant chemotherapy, 51%/94% with chemoradiation, and 39%/87% with limited SCLC. Relatively easy population kinetic analyses add useful information.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Stewart
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (K.C.); (S.B.); (D.F.)
| | - Katherine Cole
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (K.C.); (S.B.); (D.F.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Dominick Bosse
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (K.C.); (S.B.); (D.F.)
| | - Stephanie Brule
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (K.C.); (S.B.); (D.F.)
| | - Dean Fergusson
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (K.C.); (S.B.); (D.F.)
| | - Tim Ramsay
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; (K.C.); (S.B.); (D.F.)
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23
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Ge S, Zhao Y, Liang J, He Z, Li K, Zhang G, Hua B, Zheng H, Guo Q, Qi R, Shi Z. Immune modulation in malignant pleural effusion: from microenvironment to therapeutic implications. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:105. [PMID: 38475858 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03211-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune microenvironment and immunotherapy have become the focus and frontier of tumor research, and the immune checkpoint inhibitors has provided novel strategies for tumor treatment. Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a common end-stage manifestation of lung cancer, malignant pleural mesothelioma and other thoracic malignancies, which is invasive and often accompanied by poor prognosis, affecting the quality of life of affected patients. Currently, clinical therapy for MPE is limited to pleural puncture, pleural fixation, catheter drainage, and other palliative therapies. Immunization is a new direction for rehabilitation and treatment of MPE. The effusion caused by cancer cells establishes its own immune microenvironment during its formation. Immune cells, cytokines, signal pathways of microenvironment affect the MPE progress and prognosis of patients. The interaction between them have been proved. The relevant studies were obtained through a systematic search of PubMed database according to keywords search method. Then through screening and sorting and reading full-text, 300 literatures were screened out. Exclude irrelevant and poor quality articles, 238 literatures were cited in the references. In this study, the mechanism of immune microenvironment affecting malignant pleural effusion was discussed from the perspectives of adaptive immune cells, innate immune cells, cytokines and molecular targets. Meanwhile, this study focused on the clinical value of microenvironmental components in the immunotherapy and prognosis of malignant pleural effusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Ge
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiao Street, Dongzhimen, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yuwei Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Zhongning He
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Kai Li
- Beijing Shijitan Hospital, No.10 Yangfangdiantieyilu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Baojin Hua
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Honggang Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Qiujun Guo
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Runzhi Qi
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Zhan Shi
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiao Street, Dongzhimen, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China.
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24
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Wang X, Meng X, Cai G, Jin P, Bai M, Fu Y, Wang Z, Guo J, Han X. Survival outcomes of targeted and immune consolidation therapies in locally advanced unresectable lung adenocarcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111684. [PMID: 38364745 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) presents unique challenges due to its progression and tumor heterogeneity. The effectiveness of consolidation therapies, particularly in patients with gene mutations, remains an area of active investigation. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we examined data from 3,454 patients with unresectable lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), narrowing our focus to 242 individuals with stage II/III. We gathered patient data, such as demographics, ECOG status, histology, treatment specifics, and gene expression, from patients in China. The study's primary outcome was overall survival (OS), while progression-free survival (PFS) served as the secondary outcome. RESULTS In this study, 50 % of the 242 patients underwent only radical chemoradiotherapy, with 45.87 % (111/242) exhibiting driver gene mutations, predominantly EGFR (58.57 %), followed by KRAS and ALK. Patients with mutations who received either targeted or immune consolidation therapy demonstrated a significantly longer median PFS (42.97 months vs. 24.87 months, p = 0.014) and improved OS (not reached vs. 24.37 months, p = 0.006), compared to those without consolidation therapy. Targeted therapy in mutant patients resulted in an extended median PFS (42.87 months) compared to immune therapy (27.03 months, p = 0.029), with no significant difference in OS. Median PFS and OS were similar between mutant and wild-type patients receiving immune therapy (p = 0.380 and p = 0.928, respectively). CONCLUSION This study underscores the efficacy of targeted consolidation therapy in enhancing PFS in LUAD patients with genetic mutations. It also shows that immune consolidation therapy provides similar survival benefits to mutant and wild-type patients. Future research should focus on optimizing these therapies for improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xue Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guoxin Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Menglin Bai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhehai Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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25
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Wu L, Cheng B, Sun X, Zhang Z, Kang J, Chen Y, Xu Q, Yang S, Yan Y, Ren S, Zhou C, Xu Y. Induction immunochemotherapy followed by definitive chemoradiotherapy for unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a multi-institutional retrospective cohort study. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e501. [PMID: 38434760 PMCID: PMC10908364 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of induction immunochemotherapy followed by definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC). We identified unresectable stage III NSCLC patients who received induction immunochemotherapy. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were the primary endpoints. From February 2019 to August 2022, 158 patients were enrolled. Following the completion of induction immunochemotherapy, the objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 52.5% and 83.5%, respectively. The ORR of CRT was 73.5%, representing 68.4% of the total cohort. The median PFS was 17.8 months, and the median OS was 41.9 months, significantly higher than in patients who received CRT alone (p < 0.001). Patients with concurrent CRT demonstrated markedly improved PFS (p = 0.012) and OS (p = 0.017) than those undergoing sequential CRT. Additionally, those with a programmed-death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression of 50% or higher showed significantly elevated ORRs (72.2% vs. 47.2%, p = 0.011) and superior OS (median 44.8 vs. 28.6 months, p = 0.004) compared to patients with PD-L1 expression below 50%. Hematologic toxicities were the primary severe adverse events (grade ≥ 3) encountered, with no unforeseen treatment-related toxicities. Thus, induction immunochemotherapy followed by definitive CRT demonstrated encouraging efficacy and tolerable toxicities for unresectable LA-NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Wu
- Department of Radiation OncologyShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyCancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital)Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouChina
| | - Bo Cheng
- Department of Radiation OncologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Xiaojiang Sun
- Department of Radiation OncologyCancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital)Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouChina
| | - Zhenshan Zhang
- Department of Radiation OncologyShanghai Proton and Heavy Ion CenterFudan University Cancer HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Jingjing Kang
- Department of Radiation OncologyShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Radiation OncologyShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qinghua Xu
- Department of Radiation OncologyShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shuangyan Yang
- Department of Radiation OncologyShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yujie Yan
- Department of Radiation OncologyShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shengxiang Ren
- Department of Medical OncologyShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Medical OncologyShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yaping Xu
- Department of Radiation OncologyShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
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Terashima Y, Hakozaki T, Uehara Y, Miyanaga A, Kasahara K, Seike M, Hosomi Y. Prognostic significance of initial tumor shrinkage in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer treated with durvalumab following chemoradiotherapy. Int J Clin Oncol 2024; 29:115-123. [PMID: 38032455 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-023-02436-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baseline tumor size (BTS) is one of the prognostic factors of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with immunotherapy. However, its prognostic value in patients with locally advanced NSCLC receiving durvalumab maintenance therapy remains unclear. METHODS The present study retrospectively reviewed 136 patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC who underwent CRT and durvalumab at two institutions in Japan. The maximum diameter of the target lesion (max BTS) before CRT was measured, the best response to CRT before durvalumab was evaluated, and the impact of the response on durvalumab was explored. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were defined as the time from the day of starting durvalumab. RESULTS Of the total cohort, 133 (97.8%) patients had at least one measurable lesion. The best response to CRT resulting in CR, PR, and SD was seen in 0 (0%), 69 (51.9%), and 64 (48.1%) patients, respectively. PFS was significantly longer in the patients with PR than in those with SD after CRT (median not reached vs. 20.0 months; HR: 0.51; P = 0.023). Moreover, the absence of a massive lesion (max BTS < 50 mm) was associated with a superior CRT response (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The best response to induction CRT was associated with better PFS in patients with stage III NSCLC receiving durvalumab following chemoradiotherapy. Although the absence of a massive lesion was associated with a better response to induction CRT in this cohort, this was not translated into PFS and OS benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Terashima
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0021, Japan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Hakozaki
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0021, Japan.
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yuji Uehara
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0021, Japan
| | - Akihiko Miyanaga
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kasahara
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Seike
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Hosomi
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0021, Japan
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Vokes EE, Mornex F, Sezer A, Cheng Y, Fang J, Baz DV, Cil T, Adjei AA, Ahn MJ, Barlesi F, Felip E, Garon EB, Audhuy F, Ito R, Sato M, Eggleton SP, Martin CM, Reck M, Robinson CG, Paz-Ares L. Bintrafusp Alfa With CCRT Followed by Bintrafusp Alfa Versus Placebo With CCRT Followed by Durvalumab in Patients With Unresectable Stage III NSCLC: A Phase 2 Randomized Study. J Thorac Oncol 2024; 19:285-296. [PMID: 37797733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2023.09.1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preclinical evaluation of bintrafusp alfa (BA) combined with radiotherapy revealed greater antitumor effects than BA or radiotherapy alone. In a phase 1 study, BA exhibited encouraging clinical activity in patients with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC who had received previous treatment. METHODS This multicenter, double-blind, controlled phase 2 study (NCT03840902) evaluated the safety and efficacy of BA with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) followed by BA (BA group) versus placebo with cCRT followed by durvalumab (durvalumab group) in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC. The primary end point was progression-free survival according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 as assessed by the investigator. On the basis of the recommendation of an independent data monitoring committee, the study was discontinued before the maturity of overall survival data (secondary end point). RESULTS A total of 153 patients were randomized to either BA (n = 75) or durvalumab groups (n = 78). The median progression-free survival was 12.8 months versus 14.6 months (stratified hazard ratio = 1.48 [95% confidence interval: 0.69-3.17]), in the BA and durvalumab groups, respectively. Trends for overall response rate (29.3% versus 32.1%) and disease control rate (66.7% versus 70.5%) were similar between the two groups. Any-grade treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 94.6% versus 96.1% of patients in the BA versus durvalumab groups, respectively. Bleeding events in the BA group were mostly grade 1 (21.6%) or 2 (9.5%). CONCLUSIONS BA with cCRT followed by BA exhibited no efficacy benefit over placebo with cCRT followed by durvalumab in patients with stage III unresectable NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everett E Vokes
- University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Ahmet Sezer
- Baskent University Adana Application and Research Center, Turkey
| | - Ying Cheng
- Jilin Cancer Hospital, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Fang
- Beijing Cancer Hospital, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Timucin Cil
- Adana City Hospital, Health and Science University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Alex A Adjei
- Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Fabrice Barlesi
- Aix-Marseille University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Marseille (APHM), Marseille, France; Paris-Saclay University, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Enriqueta Felip
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), UVic-UCC, IOB-Quiron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edward B Garon
- David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California
| | - Francois Audhuy
- Merck Serono S.A.S. (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Lyon, France
| | - Rena Ito
- Merck Biopharma Co., Ltd., (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Sato
- Merck Biopharma Co., Ltd., (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Peter Eggleton
- Merck Sereno Ltd. Feltham (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Feltham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Martin Reck
- Lung Clinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Center North, German Center of Lung Research, Grosshansdorf, Germany
| | | | - Luis Paz-Ares
- Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, CNIO-H12o Lung Cancer Unit, Ciberonc, Madrid, Spain; Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
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Mimura K, Ogata T, Nguyen PHD, Roy S, Kared H, Yuan YC, Fehlings M, Yoshimoto Y, Yoshida D, Nakajima S, Sato H, Machida N, Yamada T, Watanabe Y, Tamaki T, Fujikawa H, Inokuchi Y, Hayase S, Hanayama H, Saze Z, Katoh H, Takahashi F, Oshima T, Goel A, Nardin A, Suzuki Y, Kono K. Combination of oligo-fractionated irradiation with nivolumab can induce immune modulation in gastric cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008385. [PMID: 38290769 PMCID: PMC10828861 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-specific CD8(+) T cells are essential for nivolumab therapy, and irradiation has been reported to have the potential to generate and activate TAA-specific CD8(+) T cells. However, mechanistic insights of T-cell response during combinatorial immunotherapy using radiotherapy and nivolumab are still largely unknown. METHODS Twenty patients included in this study were registered in the CIRCUIT trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03453164). All patients had multiple distant metastases and were intolerance or had progressed after primary and secondary chemotherapy without any immune checkpoint inhibitor. In the CIRCUIT trial, eligible patients were treated with a total of 22.5 Gy/5 fractions/5 days of radiotherapy to the largest or symptomatic lesion prior to receiving nivolumab every 2 weeks. In these 20 patients, T-cell responses during the combinatorial immunotherapy were monitored longitudinally by high-dimensional flow cytometry-based, multiplexed major histocompatibility complex multimer analysis using a total of 46 TAAs and 10 virus epitopes, repertoire analysis of T-cell receptor β-chain (TCRβ), together with circulating tumor DNA analysis to evaluate tumor mutational burden (TMB). RESULTS Although most TAA-specific CD8(+) T cells could be tracked longitudinally, several TAA-specific CD8(+) T cells were detected de novo after irradiation, but viral-specific CD8(+) T cells did not show obvious changes during treatment, indicating potential irradiation-driven antigen spreading. Irradiation was associated with phenotypical changes of TAA-specific CD8(+) T cells towards higher expression of killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily G, member 1, human leukocyte antigen D-related antigen, T-cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain, CD160, and CD45RO together with lower expression of CD27 and CD127. Of importance, TAA-specific CD8(+) T cells in non-progressors frequently showed a phenotype of CD45RO(+)CD27(+)CD127(+) central memory T cells compared with those in progressors. TCRβ clonality (inverted Pielou's evenness) increased and TCRβ diversity (Pielou's evenness and Diversity Evenness score) decreased during treatment in progressors (p=0.029, p=0.029, p=0.012, respectively). TMB score was significantly lower in non-progressors after irradiation (p=0.023). CONCLUSION Oligo-fractionated irradiation induces an immune-modulating effect with potential antigen spreading and the combination of radiotherapy and nivolumab may be effective in a subset of patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosaku Mimura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogata
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Souvick Roy
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, California, USA
| | | | - Yate-Ching Yuan
- Division of Translational Bioinformatics, Center for Informatics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
- Department of Computational Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | | | - Yuya Yoshimoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Daisaku Yoshida
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shotaro Nakajima
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hisashi Sato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Nozomu Machida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takanobu Yamada
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yohei Watanabe
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Tamaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hirohito Fujikawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Inokuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Suguru Hayase
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hanayama
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Zenichiro Saze
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Katoh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Takahashi
- Department of Information Science, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Takashi Oshima
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, California, USA
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | | | - Yoshiyuki Suzuki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Koji Kono
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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Han X, Guo Y, Ye H, Chen Z, Hu Q, Wei X, Liu Z, Liang C. Development of a machine learning-based radiomics signature for estimating breast cancer TME phenotypes and predicting anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy response. Breast Cancer Res 2024; 26:18. [PMID: 38287356 PMCID: PMC10823720 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-024-01776-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Since breast cancer patients respond diversely to immunotherapy, there is an urgent need to explore novel biomarkers to precisely predict clinical responses and enhance therapeutic efficacy. The purpose of our present research was to construct and independently validate a biomarker of tumor microenvironment (TME) phenotypes via a machine learning-based radiomics way. The interrelationship between the biomarker, TME phenotypes and recipients' clinical response was also revealed. METHODS In this retrospective multi-cohort investigation, five separate cohorts of breast cancer patients were recruited to measure breast cancer TME phenotypes via a radiomics signature, which was constructed and validated by integrating RNA-seq data with DCE-MRI images for predicting immunotherapy response. Initially, we constructed TME phenotypes using RNA-seq of 1089 breast cancer patients in the TCGA database. Then, parallel DCE-MRI images and RNA-seq of 94 breast cancer patients obtained from TCIA were applied to develop a radiomics-based TME phenotypes signature using random forest in machine learning. The repeatability of the radiomics signature was then validated in an internal validation set. Two additional independent external validation sets were analyzed to reassess this signature. The Immune phenotype cohort (n = 158) was divided based on CD8 cell infiltration into immune-inflamed and immune-desert phenotypes; these data were utilized to examine the relationship between the immune phenotypes and this signature. Finally, we utilized an Immunotherapy-treated cohort with 77 cases who received anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment to evaluate the predictive efficiency of this signature in terms of clinical outcomes. RESULTS The TME phenotypes of breast cancer were separated into two heterogeneous clusters: Cluster A, an "immune-inflamed" cluster, containing substantial innate and adaptive immune cell infiltration, and Cluster B, an "immune-desert" cluster, with modest TME cell infiltration. We constructed a radiomics signature for the TME phenotypes ([AUC] = 0.855; 95% CI 0.777-0.932; p < 0.05) and verified it in an internal validation set (0.844; 0.606-1; p < 0.05). In the known immune phenotypes cohort, the signature can identify either immune-inflamed or immune-desert tumor (0.814; 0.717-0.911; p < 0.05). In the Immunotherapy-treated cohort, patients with objective response had higher baseline radiomics scores than those with stable or progressing disease (p < 0.05); moreover, the radiomics signature achieved an AUC of 0.784 (0.643-0.926; p < 0.05) for predicting immunotherapy response. CONCLUSIONS Our imaging biomarker, a practicable radiomics signature, is beneficial for predicting the TME phenotypes and clinical response in anti-PD-1/PD-L1-treated breast cancer patients. It is particularly effective in identifying the "immune-desert" phenotype and may aid in its transformation into an "immune-inflamed" phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Han
- School of Medicine South, China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Yuan Guo
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Huifen Ye
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Institute of Computing Science and Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qingru Hu
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Xinhua Wei
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China.
| | - Zaiyi Liu
- School of Medicine South, China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Changhong Liang
- School of Medicine South, China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Jiang L, Meng X. Is there role of adjuvant radiotherapy after complete resection of locally advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer? Curr Opin Oncol 2024; 36:44-50. [PMID: 37865829 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000001004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to provide a timely and relevant overview of the role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in completely resected stage IIIA-N2 nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Given the controversy surrounding the use of PORT and the emergence of advanced radiation techniques and therapies, this review provides valuable insight into current and potential treatment strategies. RECENT FINDINGS The Lung ART and PORT-C trials have provided valuable insights into the efficacy of PORT in stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC. While the results have been mixed, studies have shown that advanced radiation techniques, such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and proton therapy, can reduce cardiopulmonary toxicities associated with PORT. Molecular targeted therapies and immunotherapies have also shown potential in improving NSCLC treatment outcomes. SUMMARY The role of radiotherapy becomes smaller and smaller in new era. However, it is too early to abolish radiotherapy for all the patients after complete resection of locally advanced NSCLC. Nowadays, it is recommended to adopt individualized treatment approaches guided by multidisciplinary team consultations. The integration of IMRT, proton therapy, and emerging therapies offers the potential to enhance treatment efficacy while minimizing toxicity. Further research is needed to optimize the use of PORT and explore the method to identify the patients who can really benefit from PORT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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31
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Lu Y, Zhang X, Ning J, Zhang M. Immune checkpoint inhibitors as first-line therapy for non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic evaluation and meta-analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2169531. [PMID: 36715018 PMCID: PMC10038046 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2169531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) present promising application prospects in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to investigate optimal treatment strategy by comparing the first-line treatment strategies with ICIs in NSCLC. We retrieved relevant studies on first-line therapy of NSCLC with ICIs. Primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary outcomes were treatment-related serious adverse events (tr-SAEs) with grade 3 or higher and objective response rate (ORR). We also conducted a Bayesian network meta-analysis. We included 14 studies involving 7,823 patients and compared seven different interventions. In PD-L1 nonselective NSCLC, nivolumab+ipilimumab had good PFS and ORR, pembrolizumab significantly prolonged OS, and nivolumab had the fewest adverse events (AEs). For PD-L1-positive patients, nivolumab remarkably prolonged OS. For those with negative PD-L1, nivolumab+ipilimumab also showed an advantage. In addition, nivolumab+ipilimumab significantly prolonged the PFS in both PD-L1-negative and -positive patients. For patients with PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) within 1-49%, atezolizumab+chemotherapy remarkably prolonged PFS and OS. For those with PD-L1 TPS ≥50%, pembrolizumab prolonged OS and atezolizumab+chemotherapy significantly prolonged PFS. Nivolumab combined with ipilimumab showed advantages in OS, PFS and ORR in most patients. Nivolumab+ipilimumab may be the optimal first-line therapy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lu
- Department of General Practice, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of General Practice, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jiyu Ning
- Department of General Practice, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Manyan Zhang
- Department of Respiration, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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de Oliveira TB, Fontes DMN, Montella TC, Lewgoy J, Dutra C, Miola TM. The Best Supportive Care in Stage III Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Curr Oncol 2023; 31:183-202. [PMID: 38248097 PMCID: PMC10814676 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a major cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents most lung cancer cases, and approximately one-third of patients present with stage III disease at diagnosis. As multiple treatment plans can be adopted for these patients depending on tumor size and nodal staging, stage III NSCLC management is challenging. Over the past decades, multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) have been implemented in healthcare services to coordinate actions among the different health care professionals involved in cancer care. The aim of this review was to discuss real-world evidence of the impact of MDTs on stage III NSCLC management, survival, and quality of life. Here, we performed a literature review to investigate the role of nutrition and navigational nursing in NSCLC care and the influence of MDTs in the choice of treatment plans, including immunotherapy consolidation, and in the management of chemotherapy and radiotherapy-related adverse events. We also performed a mapping review to identify gaps in the implementation of cancer care MDTs in healthcare services around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jairo Lewgoy
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Mãe de Deus, Porto Alegre 90880-481, Brazil;
| | - Carolina Dutra
- Medical Oncology Department, Clínica Soma, Florianópolis 88020-210, Brazil;
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Nuccio A, Viscardi G, Salomone F, Servetto A, Venanzi FM, Riva ST, Oresti S, Ogliari FR, Viganò M, Bulotta A, Cameron R, Esposito A, Hines J, Bianco R, Reni M, Cascone T, Garassino MC, Torri V, Veronesi G, Cinquini M, Ferrara R. Systematic review and meta-analysis of immune checkpoint inhibitors as single agent or in combination with chemotherapy in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer: Impact of clinicopathological factors and indirect comparison between treatment strategies. Eur J Cancer 2023; 195:113404. [PMID: 37948842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.113404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) revolution is rapidly moving from metastatic to early-stage, however, the impact of clinicopathological variables and optimal treatment sequencing remain unclear. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in patients with early-stage NSCLC treated with ICI as single agent or in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy (PCT) were included. Primary outcomes were pathological complete response (pCR), event free survival (EFS) (neoadjuvant/perioperative), and disease-free survival (DFS) (adjuvant). Secondary outcomes were major pathological response (MPR), overall survival (OS), toxicity, surgical outcomes (neoadjuvant/perioperative); OS and toxicity (adjuvant). An additional secondary endpoint was to compare EFS and OS between neoadjuvant and perioperative strategies. RESULTS 8 RCTs (2 neoadjuvant, 4 perioperative, 2 adjuvant) (4661 participants) were included. Neoadjuvant/perioperative ICI+PCT significantly improved pCR, EFS, OS, MPR and R0 resection compared to PCT. Adjuvant ICI significantly improved DFS compared to placebo. There was a significant subgroup interaction by PD-L1 status (χ2 = 10.72, P = 0.005), pCR (χ2 = 17.80, P < 0.0001), and stage (χ2 = 4.46, P = 0.003) for EFS. No difference according to PD-L1 status was found for pCR, with 14% of patients having PD-L1 negative tumors still experiencing a pCR. No interaction by PD-L1 status was found for DFS upon adjuvant ICI. Indirect comparison showed no difference in EFS and OS between neoadjuvant and perioperative ICI+PCT. CONCLUSIONS PD-L1 status, pCR and stage impact on survival upon neoadjuvant/perioperative ICI. The restriction of neoadjuvant/perioperative ICI to PD-L1 + patients could preclude pCR and long-term benefit in the PD-L1- subgroup. Neoadjuvant and perioperative could be equivalent strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Nuccio
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Department of Medical Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viscardi
- Department of Pneumology and Oncology, PO Monaldi-AORN Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Salomone
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Servetto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Sara Oresti
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Department of Medical Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mariagrazia Viganò
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Department of Medical Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bulotta
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Department of Medical Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Robert Cameron
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Oncology Section, Thoracic Oncology Program, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Alessandra Esposito
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Oncology Section, Thoracic Oncology Program, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Jacobi Hines
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Oncology Section, Thoracic Oncology Program, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Roberto Bianco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Reni
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Department of Medical Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Tina Cascone
- Department of Thoracic-Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marina Chiara Garassino
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Oncology Section, Thoracic Oncology Program, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Valter Torri
- Oncology Department, IRCCS-Mario Negri Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Veronesi
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Department of Thoracic Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Ferrara
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Department of Medical Oncology, Milan, Italy.
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McCall NS, Janopaul-Naylor JR, McGinnis HS, Kesarwala AH, Tian S, Stokes WA, Shelton JW, Steuer CE, Carlisle JW, Leal TA, Ramalingam SS, Bradley JD, Higgins KA. Safety and efficacy of durvalumab after concurrent chemoradiation in Black patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer 2023; 129:3713-3723. [PMID: 37354070 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The PACIFIC trial established consolidative durvalumab after concurrent chemoradiation as standard-of-care in patients with stage III or unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Black patients, however, comprised just 2% (n = 14) of randomized patients in this trial, warranting real-world evaluation of the PACIFIC regimen in these patients. METHODS This single-institution, multi-site study included 105 patients with unresectable stage II/III NSCLC treated with concurrent chemoradiation followed by durvalumab between 2017 and 2021. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and grade ≥3 pneumonitis-free survival (PNFS) were compared between Black and non-Black patients using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. RESULTS A total of 105 patients with a median follow-up of 22.8 months (interquartile range, 11.3-37.3 months) were identified for analysis, including 57 Black (54.3%) and 48 (45.7%) non-Black patients. The mean radiation prescription dose was higher among Black patients (61.5 ± 2.9 Gy vs. 60.5 ± 1.9 Gy; p = .031), but other treatment characteristics were balanced between groups. The median OS (not-reached vs. 39.7 months; p = .379) and PFS (31.6 months vs. 19.3 months; p = .332) were not statistically different between groups. Eight (14.0%) Black patients discontinued durvalumab due to toxicity compared to 13 (27.1%) non-Black patients (p = .096). The grade ≥3 pneumonitis rate was similar between Black and non-Black patients (12.3% vs. 12.5%; p = .973), and there was no significant difference in time to grade ≥3 PNFS (p = .904). Three (5.3%) Black patients and one (2.1%) non-Black patient developed grade 5 pneumonitis. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy and tolerability of consolidative durvalumab after chemoradiation appears to be comparable between Black and non-Black patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal S McCall
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James R Janopaul-Naylor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - H Scott McGinnis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Aparna H Kesarwala
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sibo Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - William A Stokes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Joseph W Shelton
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Conor E Steuer
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jennifer W Carlisle
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ticiana A Leal
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Suresh S Ramalingam
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Bradley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kristin A Higgins
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Appel S, Bar J, Saad A, Marom EM, Urban D, Onn A, Gantz-Sorotsky H, Kremer RY, Ben-Nun A, Perelman M, Ofek E, Yacobi R, Daher S, Rasco A, Symon Z, Lawrence YR, Goldstein J. Effects of EGFR driver mutations on pathologic regression in resectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation and completion surgery. Br J Radiol 2023; 96:20220763. [PMID: 37751214 PMCID: PMC10646649 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20220763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that driver mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are associated with decreased pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NA-ChRT) in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC). METHODS Patients with Stage IIB-IIIA NSCLC treated with NA-ChRT, completion surgery, and underwent molecular profile testing were identified in a lung cancer database. Pathologic response was quantified using: (i) major pathologic response (MPR), (ii) complete pathologic response (pCR), and (iii) mean residual viable tumor cells (MRTC). Two groups were formed based on the presence or absence of driver mutations. Clinical and pathological correlations between the groups were studied. RESULTS Forty-seven patients underwent tumor molecular profile testing, NA-ChRT, and completion surgery. Compared to the no-driver mutation group, the driver mutation group had lower MPR (23% vs 71%, p = 0.003), pCR (0% vs 26%, p = 0.02), and higher MRTC (43.4% vs 15.8%, p = 0.009). Univariate analysis showed an increased MPR rate for smokers, squamous cell histology, ChRT-surgery interval >65 days, and no-driver mutations. Multivariate analysis showed that only no-driver mutations (OR 0.39, p = 0.02) remained significant for MPR. PD-L1 status did not affect MPR. At 2 years, the driver mutation group had lower rates of local control (Hazard ration [HR] 0.67, p = 0.17) and disease-free survival (HR 0.5, p = 0.001). Overall survival was similar for both groups (HR = 1.04, p = 0.86). CONCLUSION Following 60 Gray NA-ChRT, tumors with a driver mutation had lower MPR and pCR rates than tumors without a driver mutation. PD-L1 was not associated with tumor regression. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Patients with resectable LA-NSCLC and an EGFR driver mutation treated with neoadjuvant-ChRT and completion surgery have reduced pathologic regression, lower local control rates, and shorter disease-free survival than patients without a driver mutation. Evaluation of molecular testing should be introduced in LA-NSCLC intended for prognostication and treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarit Appel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel- Hashomer, Israel
| | | | - Akram Saad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | | | - Damien Urban
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | | | - Hadas Gantz-Sorotsky
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ran Yosef Kremer
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Alon Ben-Nun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Marina Perelman
- Department of Pathology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Efrat Ofek
- Department of Pathology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Rinat Yacobi
- Department of Pathology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Sameh Daher
- Thoracic Cancer Unit Cancer Division, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Adi Rasco
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | | | - Jeffrey Goldstein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Batra U, Prabhash K, Agarwal JP, Darlong L, Munshi A, Penumadu P, Thangakunam B, Bansal A. Clinical management of stage III non-small cell lung cancer in India: An expert consensus statement. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2023; 19:606-617. [PMID: 36815621 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is considered the most common type of lung cancer (>80% of all lung cancers); patients are often diagnosed at advanced stages of the disease. The management of NSCLC is considered challenging owing to variations in size, an extension of the tumors, involvement patterns, and classification. Although adequate literature and guidelines are available on the management of NSCLC in several countries, an Indian perspective on stage III NSCLC management is lacking. We used the modified Delphi approach to form consensus statements. A thorough literature search was done. The authors then convened and deliberated over published literature, available guidelines, and clinical judgment. Recommendation statements were formed for different clinical scenarios. These statements were sent as a form of survey to other oncologists, and their responses were recorded and mentioned. Evidence-based statements were formed for diagnosing and managing stage III NSCLC. These recommendation statements cover various aspects-surgical, radiation, and medical treatment in various clinical scenarios including adjuvant, neoadjuvant, and consolidation therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ullas Batra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Kumar Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, TATA Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jai Prakash Agarwal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, TATA Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Laleng Darlong
- Department of Oncosurgery, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Anusheel Munshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Manipal Hospitals, Dwarka, Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Abhishek Bansal
- Department of Radiology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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van Rossum PSN, Juan-Cruz C, Stam B, Rossi MMG, Lin SH, Abravan A, Belderbos JSA, Sonke JJ. Severe radiation-induced lymphopenia during concurrent chemoradiotherapy for stage III non-small cell lung cancer: external validation of two prediction models. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1278723. [PMID: 38023221 PMCID: PMC10665840 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1278723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Severe radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) in patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with decreased immunotherapy efficacy and survival. At The Christie and MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC), prediction models for lymphopenia were developed in lung and esophageal cancer patients, respectively. The aim of this study was to externally validate both models in patients with stage III NSCLC. Methods Patients who underwent concurrent CRT for stage III NSCLC in 2019-2021 were studied. Outcomes were grade ≥3 and grade 4 lymphopenia during CRT. The Christie model predictors for grade ≥3 lymphopenia included age, baseline lymphocyte count, radiotherapy duration, chemotherapy, mean heart and lung doses, and thoracic vertebrae V20Gy. MDACC predictors for grade 4 lymphopenia were age, baseline lymphocyte count, planning target volume (PTV), and BMI. The external performance of both models was assessed. Results Among 100 patients, 78 patients (78%) developed grade ≥3 lymphopenia, with grade 4 lymphopenia in 17 (17%). For predicting grade ≥3 lymphopenia, the Christie and MDACC models yielded c-statistics of 0.77 and 0.79, respectively. For predicting grade 4 lymphopenia, c-statistics were 0.69 and 0.80, respectively. Calibration for the Christie and MDACC models demonstrated moderate and good agreement, respectively. Conclusion The PTV-based MDACC prediction model for severe RIL demonstrated superior external performance in NSCLC patients compared to the dosimetry-based Christie model. As such, the MDACC model can aid in identifying patients at high risk for severe lymphopenia. However, to optimize radiotherapy planning, further improvement and external validation of dosimetry-based models is desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter S. N. van Rossum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Celia Juan-Cruz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Barbara Stam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maddalena M. G. Rossi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Steven H. Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Azadeh Abravan
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - José S. A. Belderbos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan-Jakob Sonke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Guo J, Zhang L, Zhang L, Wu J, Xu L, E H, Li C, Wu H, Zhao D, Hu Y, Zhang J, Hu X. The additional radiotherapy to adjuvant chemotherapy improves the prognosis of stage III-N2 with highest mediastinal lymph node metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:13311-13321. [PMID: 37488397 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05101-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The benefits of adjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT) for heterogeneous pathological N2 (pN2) diseases remain unclear in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to investigate suitable pN2 patients for adjuvant CRT. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study retrospectively reviewed the data of patients with pN2 NSCLC in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from January 2012 to December 2016. Included cases were subdivided as highest mediastinal lymph node (HM) (n = 732) metastasis and non-HM metastasis (n = 677) groups according to the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC). Furthermore, the Kaplan-Meier and Cox models were used to evaluate the prognostic benefits of adjuvant CRT in heterogeneous pN2 subgroups. RESULTS A total of 1409 patients were enrolled in this study, with a median follow-up time of 63.8 months. Patients with HM involvement had worse prognoses (p < 0.001 for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS)). Furthermore, the survival improvement of adjuvant CRT was significant for these patients (p < 0.001 for RFS and p = 0.032 for OS), regardless of whether it was single (p < 0.001 for RFS and p = 0.029 for OS) or multiple pN2 (p < 0.001 for RFS and p = 0.026 for OS) diseases. According to multivariable cox analysis, the long-term RFS and OS in the cancerous HM group were independently predicted by pathological N stage (p = 0.002 for RFS and p < 0.001 for OS) and adjuvant CRT (p < 0.001 for RFS and p = 0.011 for OS). CONCLUSION Metastatic HM was associated with a worse prognosis in pN2 disease. Our analysis supported that adjuvant CRT significantly improved both RFS and OS for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Linhai, Zhejiang, 317000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, No. 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqi Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, No. 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, No. 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran E
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, No. 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongwu Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, No. 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Wu
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Deping Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, No. 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumin Hu
- Department of Respiratory, The First People's Hospital of Linhai, Zhejiang, 317000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuefei Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Linhai, Zhejiang, 317000, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, No. 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
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Wang K, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Wu R, Zhou M, Yang W, Wan J, Shen L, Zhang H, Wang Y, Han X, Wang J, Zhang Z, Xia F. RIFLE: a Phase II trial of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy combined with fruquintinib and tislelizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2023; 11:goad063. [PMID: 37842200 PMCID: PMC10568524 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goad063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, the prognosis for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) still remains poor. The management of mCRC has become manifold because of the varied advances in the systemic and topical treatment approaches. For patients with limited number of metastases, radical local therapy plus systemic therapy can be a good choice to achieve long-term tumor control. In this study, we aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of the combination of fruquintinib, tislelizumab, and stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) in mCRC (RIFLE study). Methods RIFLE was designed as a single-center, single-arm, prospective Phase II clinical trial. A total of 68 mCRC patients who have failed the first-line standard treatment will be recruited in the safety run-in phase (n = 6) and the expansion phase (n = 62), respectively. Eligible patients will receive SABR followed by fruquintinib (5 mg, d1-14, once every day) and tislelizumab (200 mg, d1, once every 3 weeks) within 2 weeks from completion of radiation. The expansion phase starts when the safety of the treatment is determined (dose limiting toxicity occur in no more than one-sixth of patients in the run-in phase). The primary end point is the objective response rate. The secondary end points include the disease control rate, duration of response, 3-year progression-free survival rate, 3-year overall survival rate, and toxicity. Conclusions The results of this trial will provide a novel insight into SABR in combination with PD-1 antibody and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor in the systematic treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer, which is expected to provide new therapeutic strategies and improve the prognosis for mCRC patients. Trial registration NCT04948034 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yajie Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ruiyan Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Menglong Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wang Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Juefeng Wan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jiazhou Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Schütte W, Gütz S, Nehls W, Blum TG, Brückl W, Buttmann-Schweiger N, Büttner R, Christopoulos P, Delis S, Deppermann KM, Dickgreber N, Eberhardt W, Eggeling S, Fleckenstein J, Flentje M, Frost N, Griesinger F, Grohé C, Gröschel A, Guckenberger M, Hecker E, Hoffmann H, Huber RM, Junker K, Kauczor HU, Kollmeier J, Kraywinkel K, Krüger M, Kugler C, Möller M, Nestle U, Passlick B, Pfannschmidt J, Reck M, Reinmuth N, Rübe C, Scheubel R, Schumann C, Sebastian M, Serke M, Stoelben E, Stuschke M, Thomas M, Tufman A, Vordermark D, Waller C, Wolf J, Wolf M, Wormanns D. [Prevention, Diagnosis, Therapy, and Follow-up of Lung Cancer - Interdisciplinary Guideline of the German Respiratory Society and the German Cancer Society - Abridged Version]. Pneumologie 2023; 77:671-813. [PMID: 37884003 DOI: 10.1055/a-2029-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The current S3 Lung Cancer Guidelines are edited with fundamental changes to the previous edition based on the dynamic influx of information to this field:The recommendations include de novo a mandatory case presentation for all patients with lung cancer in a multidisciplinary tumor board before initiation of treatment, furthermore CT-Screening for asymptomatic patients at risk (after federal approval), recommendations for incidental lung nodule management , molecular testing of all NSCLC independent of subtypes, EGFR-mutations in resectable early stage lung cancer in relapsed or recurrent disease, adjuvant TKI-therapy in the presence of common EGFR-mutations, adjuvant consolidation treatment with checkpoint inhibitors in resected lung cancer with PD-L1 ≥ 50%, obligatory evaluation of PD-L1-status, consolidation treatment with checkpoint inhibition after radiochemotherapy in patients with PD-L1-pos. tumor, adjuvant consolidation treatment with checkpoint inhibition in patients withPD-L1 ≥ 50% stage IIIA and treatment options in PD-L1 ≥ 50% tumors independent of PD-L1status and targeted therapy and treatment option immune chemotherapy in first line SCLC patients.Based on the current dynamic status of information in this field and the turnaround time required to implement new options, a transformation to a "living guideline" was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Schütte
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Krankenhaus Martha Maria Halle-Dölau, Halle (Saale)
| | - Sylvia Gütz
- St. Elisabeth-Krankenhaus Leipzig, Abteilung für Innere Medizin I, Leipzig
| | - Wiebke Nehls
- Klinik für Palliativmedizin und Geriatrie, Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring
| | - Torsten Gerriet Blum
- Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Klinik für Pneumologie, Lungenklinik Heckeshorn, Berlin
| | - Wolfgang Brückl
- Klinik für Innere Medizin 3, Schwerpunkt Pneumologie, Klinikum Nürnberg Nord
| | | | - Reinhard Büttner
- Institut für Allgemeine Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie, Uniklinik Köln, Berlin
| | | | - Sandra Delis
- Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Klinik für Pneumologie, Lungenklinik Heckeshorn, Berlin
| | | | - Nikolas Dickgreber
- Klinik für Pneumologie, Thoraxonkologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Rheine
| | | | - Stephan Eggeling
- Vivantes Netzwerk für Gesundheit, Klinikum Neukölln, Klinik für Thoraxchirurgie, Berlin
| | - Jochen Fleckenstein
- Klinik für Strahlentherapie und Radioonkologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes und Medizinische Fakultät der Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg
| | - Michael Flentje
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg
| | - Nikolaj Frost
- Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Infektiologie/Pneumologie, Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin
| | - Frank Griesinger
- Klinik für Hämatologie und Onkologie, Pius-Hospital Oldenburg, Oldenburg
| | | | - Andreas Gröschel
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Clemenshospital, Münster
| | | | | | - Hans Hoffmann
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU München, Sektion für Thoraxchirurgie, München
| | - Rudolf M Huber
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V, Thorakale Onkologie, LMU Klinikum Munchen
| | - Klaus Junker
- Klinikum Oststadt Bremen, Institut für Pathologie, Bremen
| | - Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
- Klinikum der Universität Heidelberg, Abteilung Diagnostische Radiologie, Heidelberg
| | - Jens Kollmeier
- Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Klinik für Pneumologie, Lungenklinik Heckeshorn, Berlin
| | | | - Marcus Krüger
- Klinik für Thoraxchirurgie, Krankenhaus Martha-Maria Halle-Dölau, Halle-Dölau
| | | | - Miriam Möller
- Krankenhaus Martha-Maria Halle-Dölau, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Halle-Dölau
| | - Ursula Nestle
- Kliniken Maria Hilf, Klinik für Strahlentherapie, Mönchengladbach
| | | | - Joachim Pfannschmidt
- Klinik für Thoraxchirurgie, Lungenklinik Heckeshorn, Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Berlin
| | - Martin Reck
- Lungeclinic Grosshansdorf, Pneumologisch-onkologische Abteilung, Grosshansdorf
| | - Niels Reinmuth
- Klinik für Pneumologie, Thorakale Onkologie, Asklepios Lungenklinik Gauting, Gauting
| | - Christian Rübe
- Klinik für Strahlentherapie und Radioonkologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Homburg
| | | | | | - Martin Sebastian
- Medizinische Klinik II, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt
| | - Monika Serke
- Zentrum für Pneumologie und Thoraxchirurgie, Lungenklinik Hemer, Hemer
| | | | - Martin Stuschke
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen
| | - Michael Thomas
- Thoraxklinik am Univ.-Klinikum Heidelberg, Thorakale Onkologie, Heidelberg
| | - Amanda Tufman
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V, Thorakale Onkologie, LMU Klinikum München
| | - Dirk Vordermark
- Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie, Universitätsklinikum Halle, Halle
| | - Cornelius Waller
- Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg
| | | | - Martin Wolf
- Klinikum Kassel, Klinik für Onkologie und Hämatologie, Kassel
| | - Dag Wormanns
- Evangelische Lungenklinik, Radiologisches Institut, Berlin
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Wang L, Zhao W, Ning X, Wang C, Liang S. Effect of X-ray irradiation combined with PD-1 inhibitor treatment on lung tissue injury in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110775. [PMID: 37562291 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the effect of X-ray irradiation combined with PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor administration on lung tissue injury in a mouse model and its potential mechanism. METHODS In all, 20 C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups with five mice in each group: control group, PD-1 inhibitor group, irradiation group, and irradiation combined with PD-1 inhibitor group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining of the lung tissue was performed 30 days after the end of irradiation to evaluate the morphological and pathological changes in the tissue. Masson staining and analysis of hydroxyproline were used to evaluate the degree of pulmonary fibrosis. The levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) were evaluated by Enzyme-Linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the lung tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression levels of TGF-β1, Smad3, cGAS, and STING in the lung tissue were evaluated by Western blotting. RESULTS The lung injury scores and pulmonary fibrosis indices in the irradiation group were higher than those in the control group. Meanwhile, lung pneumonia score, pulmonary fibrosis index, percentage of CD4 cells and expression of TGF-β1, p-Smad3, and STING in the lung tissue of mice in irradiation combined with PD-1 inhibitor group were higher than those in the other three groups. CONCLUSION Lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis were induced by whole chest X-ray irradiation in mice, and PD-1 inhibitor could aggravate lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Thus, radiotherapy combined with PD-1 inhibitors may affect the immune inflammatory microenvironment in the lung tissues of mice by activating TGF-β1/Samd3 and cGAS/STING signaling pathways, thus aggravating lung tissue damage induced by radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leili Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Department of Oncology, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Weidong Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xin Ning
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Cailan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shixiong Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
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Jokimäki A, Hietala H, Lemma J, Karhapää H, Rintala A, Kaikkonen JP, Sunela K, Boman E, Jukkola A, Tiainen S, Seppälä J, Rönkä A, Hakkarainen H, Kärnä A, Iivanainen S, Koivunen J, Auvinen P, Hernberg M, Kuusisto M, Selander T, Kuittinen O. Previous radiotherapy improves treatment responses and causes a trend toward longer time to progression among patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-related adverse events. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:3337-3347. [PMID: 37486396 PMCID: PMC10491510 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03494-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are frequently encountered by patients during immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment and are associated with better treatment outcomes. The sequencing of radiotherapy (RT) and ICIs is widely used in current clinical practice, but its effect on survival has remained unclear. METHODS In a real-world multicenter study including 521 patients who received ICI treatment for metastatic or locally advanced cancer, RT schedules and timing, irAEs, time to progression, overall survival, and treatment responses were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS Patients who received previous RT and developed irAE (RT +/AE +) had the best overall response rate (ORR 44.0%). The ORR was 40.1% in the RT -/AE + group, 26.7% in the RT -/AE - group and 18.3% in the RT + /AE - group (p < 0.001). There was a significantly longer time to progression (TTP) in the RT + /AE + group compared to the RT -/AE - and RT + /AE - groups (log rank p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively), but the trend toward longer TTP in the RT + /AE + group did not reach statistical significance in pairwise comparison to that in the RT -/AE + group. Preceding RT timing and intent had no statistically significant effect on TTP. In a multivariate model, ECOG = 0 and occurrence of irAEs remained independent positive prognostic factors for TTP (HR 0.737; 95% CI 0.582-0.935; p = 0.012, and HR 0.620; 95% CI 0.499-0.769; p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Better ORR and a trend toward longer TTP were demonstrated for patients with RT preceding ICI treatment and development of irAEs, which suggests that RT may boost the therapeutic effect of immunotherapy in patients with metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jokimäki
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Henna Hietala
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jasmiini Lemma
- Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Karhapää
- Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Rintala
- Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari-Pekka Kaikkonen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere Cancer Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kaisa Sunela
- Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eva Boman
- Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arja Jukkola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere Cancer Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Satu Tiainen
- Center of Oncology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jan Seppälä
- Center of Oncology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Aino Rönkä
- Center of Oncology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki Hakkarainen
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Central Finland Nova, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Aarno Kärnä
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Central Finland Nova, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Sanna Iivanainen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jussi Koivunen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Päivi Auvinen
- Center of Oncology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Micaela Hernberg
- Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Milla Kuusisto
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Hematology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuomas Selander
- Science Service Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Outi Kuittinen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Center of Oncology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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Zhang Z, Pan Q, Lu M, Zhao B. Intermediate endpoints as surrogates for outcomes in cancer immunotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of phase 3 trials. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 63:102156. [PMID: 37600482 PMCID: PMC10432823 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer immunotherapy shows unique efficacy kinetics that differs from conventional treatment. These characteristics may lead to the prolongation of trial duration, hence reliable surrogate endpoints are urgently needed. We aimed to systematically evaluate the study-level performance of commonly reported intermediate clinical endpoints for surrogacy in cancer immunotherapy. Methods We searched the Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane databases, between database inception and October 18, 2022, for phase 3 randomised trials investigating the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with advanced solid tumours. An updated search was done on July, 15, 2023. No language restrictions were used. Eligible trials had to set overall survival (OS) as the primary or co-primary endpoint and report at least one intermediate clinical endpoint including objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and 1-year overall survival. Other key inclusion and exclusion criteria included: (1) adult patients (>18 years old) with advanced solid tumour; (2) no immunotherapy conducted in the control arms; (3) follow-up is long enough to achieve OS; (4) data should be public available. A two-stage meta-analytic approach was conducted to evaluate the magnitude of the association between these intermediate endpoints and OS. A surrogate was identified if the coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.7 or greater. Leave-one-out cross-validation and pre-defined subgroup analysis were conducted to examine the heterogeneity. Potential publication bias was evaluated using the Egger's and Begg's tests. This trial was registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42022381648. Findings 52,342 patients with 15 types of tumours from 77 phase 3 studies were included. ORR (R2 = 0.11; 95% CI, 0.00-0.24), DCR (R2 = 0.01; 95% CI, 0.00-0.01), and PFS (R2 = 0.40; 95% CI, 0.23-0.56) showed weak associations with OS. However, a strong correlation was observed between 1-year survival and clinical outcome (R2 = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.64-0.83). These associations remained relatively consistent across pre-defined subgroups stratified based on tumour types, masking methods, line of treatments, drug targets, treatment strategies, and follow-up durations. No significant heterogeneities or publication bias were identified. Interpretation 1-year milestone survival was the only identified surrogacy endpoint for outcomes in cancer immunotherapy. Ongoing investigations and development of new endpoints and incorporation of biomarkers are needed to identify potential surrogate markers that can be more robust than 1-year survival. This work may provide important references in assisting the design and interpretation of future clinical trials, and constitute complementary information in drafting clinical practice guidelines. Funding None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishan Zhang
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Qunxiong Pan
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Mingdong Lu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
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Waterhouse D, Yong C, Frankart A, Brannman L, Mulrooney T, Robert N, Aguilar KM, Ndukum J, Cotarla I. Durvalumab real-world treatment patterns and outcomes in patients with stage III non-small-cell lung cancer treated in a US community setting. Future Oncol 2023; 19:1905-1916. [PMID: 37497677 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: For eligible patients with unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer, durvalumab consolidation therapy following chemoradiotherapy is the standard of care. Methods: This was a retrospective study of durvalumab-treated patients diagnosed between 1 August 2017 and 29 February 2020. Electronic health record data were assessed descriptively, with Kaplan-Meier methods used for duration of treatment and overall survival (OS). Results: Among 528 patients (median age 70 years, 51.5% male), the median duration of treatment was 7.1 months (95% CI: 6.0-9.0). Estimated 1- and 2-year OS rates were 83.5 and 64.0%, respectively, with median OS not reached. Conclusion: This study confirmed an OS benefit with durvalumab after chemoradiotherapy in a real-world setting, consistent with the results from the PACIFIC phase III clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Waterhouse
- Oncology Hematology Care, Inc. 5053 Wooster Rd, Cincinnati, OH 45226
| | - Candice Yong
- AstraZeneca, 1 MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878
| | - Andrew Frankart
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Cincinnati, 2600 Clifton Ave. Cincinnati, OH 45221
| | - Lance Brannman
- AstraZeneca, 1 MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878
| | | | | | | | | | - Ion Cotarla
- AstraZeneca, 1 MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878
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Niezink AGH, van der Schaaf A, Wijsman R, Chouvalova O, van der Wekken AJ, Rutgers SR, Pieterman RM, van Putten JWG, de Hosson SM, van der Leest AHD, Ubbels JF, Woltman-van Iersel M, Widder J, Langendijk JA, Muijs CT. External validation of NTCP-models for radiation pneumonitis in lung cancer patients treated with chemoradiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2023; 186:109735. [PMID: 37327975 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models can be used to estimate the risk of radiation pneumonitis (RP). The aim of this study was to externally validate the most frequently used prediction models for RP, i.e., the QUANTEC and APPELT models, in a large cohort of lung cancer patients treated with IMRT or VMAT. [1-2] METHODS AND MATERIALS: This prospective cohort study, included lung cancer patients treated between 2013 and 2018. A closed testing procedure was performed to test the need for model updating. To improve model performance, modification or removal of variables was considered. Performance measures included tests for goodness of fit, discrimination, and calibration. RESULTS In this cohort of 612 patients, the incidence of RP ≥ grade 2 was 14.5%. For the QUANTEC-model, recalibration was recommended which resulted in a revised intercept and adjusted regression coefficient (from 0.126 to 0.224) of the mean lung dose (MLD),. The APPELT-model needed revision including model updating with modification and elimination of variables. After revision, the New RP-model included the following predictors (and regression coefficients): MLD (B = 0.250), age (B = 0.049, and smoking status (B = 0.902). The discrimination of the updated APPELT-model was higher compared to the recalibrated QUANTEC-model (AUC: 0.79 vs. 0.73). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that both the QUANTEC- and APPELT-model needed revision. Next to changes of the intercept and regression coefficients, the APPELT model improved further by model updating and performed better than the recalibrated QUANTEC model. This New RP-model is widely applicable containing non-tumour site specific variables, which can easily be collected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne G H Niezink
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Arjen van der Schaaf
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Robin Wijsman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Olga Chouvalova
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anthonie J van der Wekken
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Steven R Rutgers
- Department of Pulmonology, Treant Hospital Group, Scheper Hospital, Emmen, the Netherlands
| | - Remge M Pieterman
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Ommelander Hospital Groningen, Scheemda, the Netherlands
| | - John W G van Putten
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Martini Hospital Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sander M de Hosson
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Wilhelmina Hospital Assen, Assen, the Netherlands
| | - Annija H D van der Leest
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan F Ubbels
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marleen Woltman-van Iersel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Joachim Widder
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes A Langendijk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Christina T Muijs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Mimura K, Ogata T, Yoshimoto Y, Yoshida D, Nakajima S, Sato H, Machida N, Yamada T, Watanabe Y, Tamaki T, Fujikawa H, Inokuchi Y, Hayase S, Hanayama H, Saze Z, Katoh H, Takahashi F, Oshima T, Suzuki Y, Kono K. Phase I/II clinical trial of nivolumab in combination with oligo-fractionated irradiation for unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric cancer. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2023; 3:111. [PMID: 37582945 PMCID: PMC10427681 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00343-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) targeting for PD-1 axis is a promising approach for advanced gastric cancer (GC) patients, the response rate is still limited. Induction of synergistic effect of irradiation with ICI targeting for the PD-1 axis can be an attractive strategy. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the combination of irradiation with anti-PD-1 therapy for advanced GC. METHODS We conducted a single-arm, phase I/II trial in GC patients treated with a combination of nivolumab and oligo-fractionated irradiation (22.5 Gy/5 fractions/5 days) (NCT03453164). Eligible patients (n = 40) had unresectable advanced or recurrent GC which progressed after primary and secondary chemotherapy with more than one lesion. The primary endpoint is the disease control rate (DCR) of non-irradiated target lesions and the secondary endpoints are the median survival time (MST), safety, and DCR of irradiated lesions. RESULTS We observe that the DCR for the non-irradiated target as the abscopal effect is 22.5% (90% confidence interval (CI), 12.3-36.0), and the DCR for the irradiated lesion is 40.0% (90% CI, 26.9-54.2). The median survival time is 230 days (95% CI, 157-330), and grade 3 and higher adverse events (AEs) are observed in 16 patients (39 %) with no obvious additional AEs when adding irradiation. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that the combination of nivolumab with oligo-fractionated irradiation has the potential to induce a promising anti-tumor effect for advanced GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosaku Mimura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogata
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao Asahi, Yokohama, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Yuya Yoshimoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Daisaku Yoshida
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao Asahi, Yokohama, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Shotaro Nakajima
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Hisashi Sato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Nozomu Machida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao Asahi, Yokohama, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Takanobu Yamada
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao Asahi, Yokohama, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Yohei Watanabe
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Tamaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Hirohito Fujikawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao Asahi, Yokohama, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Inokuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao Asahi, Yokohama, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Suguru Hayase
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hanayama
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Zenichiro Saze
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Katoh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao Asahi, Yokohama, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Takahashi
- Department of Information Science, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Shiwa, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan
| | - Takashi Oshima
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao Asahi, Yokohama, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Suzuki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Koji Kono
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
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Park CK, Oh HJ, Kim YC, Kim YH, Ahn SJ, Jeong WG, Lee JY, Lee JC, Choi CM, Ji W, Song SY, Choi J, Lee SY, Kim H, Lee SY, Park J, Yoon SH, Joo JH, Oh IJ. Korean Real-World Data on Patients With Unresectable Stage III NSCLC Treated With Durvalumab After Chemoradiotherapy: PACIFIC-KR. J Thorac Oncol 2023; 18:1042-1054. [PMID: 37085032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to investigate real-world evidence for efficacy and safety of durvalumab consolidation (DC) after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC. METHODS Patients with stage III NSCLC who started DC after CRT between September 2018 and December 2020 and were treated at five tertiary hospitals in the Republic of Korea were included. The primary end point was real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS). Secondary end points were overall survival, objective response rate, and adverse events including radiation pneumonitis (RP) and immune-related adverse events (irAEs). RESULTS A total of 157 patients were enrolled. At the median follow-up of 19.1 months, median rwPFS of DC was 25.9 months (95% confidence interval: 16.5-35.4) and the 1-, 2-, and 3-year rwPFS rates were 59.4%, 51.8%, and 43.5%, respectively. The median overall survival was not mature, and objective response rate of DC was 51.0%. High programmed death-ligand 1 expression (≥50%) and development of RP requiring steroid treatment were significantly associated with longer (p = 0.043) and shorter rwPFS (p = 0.036), respectively. RP, RP requiring steroid treatment, and irAEs developed in 57 (36.3%), 42 (26.8%), and 53 (33.8%) patients, respectively. Among peripheral blood cell counts at the initiation of DC, a high derived monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio was the most significant risk factor for the development of RP requiring steroid treatment (OR 44.76, 95% CI: 8.89-225.43, p < 0.001) and irAEs (OR 2.85, 95% CI: 1.27-6.41, p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Compared with the outcome of the PACIFIC trial, these real-world data revealed favorable survival benefits of DC after CRT in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC. Blood-based biomarkers could predict higher-grade RP and irAEs before the initiation of DC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol-Kyu Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Joo Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hyub Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ja Ahn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Yeop Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Cheol Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Min Choi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjun Ji
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Yeol Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juwhan Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakyoung Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Yup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmoo Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan Hospital, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Joo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan Hospital, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jae Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
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Rimner A, Moore ZR, Lobaugh S, Geyer A, Gelblum DY, Abdulnour REE, Shepherd AF, Shaverdian N, Wu AJ, Cuaron J, Chaft JE, Zauderer MG, Eng J, Riely GJ, Rudin CM, Vander Els N, Chawla M, McCune M, Li H, Jones DR, Sopka DM, Simone CB, Mak R, Weinhouse GL, Liao Z, Gomez DR, Zhang Z, Paik PK. Randomized Phase 2 Placebo-Controlled Trial of Nintedanib for the Treatment of Radiation Pneumonitis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 116:1091-1099. [PMID: 36889516 PMCID: PMC10751877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is the most common dose-limiting toxicity for thoracic radiation therapy. Nintedanib is used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which shares pathophysiological pathways with the subacute phase of RP. Our goal was to investigate the efficacy and safety of nintedanib added to a prednisone taper compared with a prednisone taper alone in reducing pulmonary exacerbations in patients with grade 2 or higher (G2+) RP. METHODS AND MATERIALS In this phase 2, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, patients with newly diagnosed G2+ RP were randomized 1:1 to nintedanib or placebo in addition to a standard 8-week prednisone taper. The primary endpoint was freedom from pulmonary exacerbations at 1 year. Secondary endpoints included patient-reported outcomes and pulmonary function tests. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate the probability of freedom from pulmonary exacerbations. The study was closed early due to slow accrual. RESULTS Thirty-four patients were enrolled between October 2015 and February 2020. Of 30 evaluable patients, 18 were randomized to the experimental Arm A (nintedanib + prednisone taper) and 12 to the control Arm B (placebo + prednisone taper). Freedom from exacerbation at 1 year was 72% (confidence interval, 54%-96%) in Arm A and 40% (confidence interval, 20%-82%) in Arm B (1-sided, P = .037). In Arm A, there were 16 G2+ adverse events possibly or probably related to treatment compared with 5 in the placebo arm. There were 3 deaths during the study period in Arm A due to cardiac failure, progressive respiratory failure, and pulmonary embolism. CONCLUSIONS There was an improvement in pulmonary exacerbations by the addition of nintedanib to a prednisone taper. Further investigation is warranted for the use of nintedanib for the treatment of RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rimner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Zachary R. Moore
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie Lobaugh
- Department of Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Geyer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Daphna Y. Gelblum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Raja-Elie E. Abdulnour
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annemarie F. Shepherd
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Narek Shaverdian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Abraham J. Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - John Cuaron
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Jamie E. Chaft
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Marjorie G. Zauderer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Juliana Eng
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory J. Riely
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles M. Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas Vander Els
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohit Chawla
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan McCune
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Henry Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - David R. Jones
- Department of Surgery Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Dennis M. Sopka
- Department of Radiation Oncology Lehigh Valley Health Network, MSK Alliance Allentown, PA, USA
| | - Charles B. Simone
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Raymond Mak
- Department of Radiation Oncology Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gerald L. Weinhouse
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhongxing Liao
- Department of Radiation Oncology MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel R. Gomez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul K. Paik
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center New York, NY, USA
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Mundra V, Yang Y, von Itzstein MS, Fattah F, Gonugunta AS, Hannan R, Pop LM, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Sheffield T, Xie Y, Dowell JE, Homsi J, Rashdan S, Park J, Li QZ, Wakeland EK, Gerber DE. Systemic immune parameters after prior radiation therapy in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors. Transl Oncol 2023; 34:101689. [PMID: 37285748 PMCID: PMC10265517 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preclinical studies have demonstrated the ability of radiation therapy (RT) to augment immune response and tumor control by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). However, numerous clinical trials combining RT and ICI have yielded relatively disappointing results. To improve understanding of optimal use of these therapies, we assessed systemic immune effects of prior RT in patients receiving ICI. METHODS AND MATERIALS Pre- and post-ICI blood samples were collected from patients enrolled in a prospective immunotherapy biospecimen protocol. Mutiplex panels of 40 cytokines and 120 autoantibodies (Ab) were analyzed. We identified differences in these parameters according to receipt, timing, and type of prior RT. We calculated P values using the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and false discovery rate (FDR) using the Benjamini-Hochberg Procedure. RESULTS Among 277 total patients, 69 (25%) received RT in the 6 months prior to ICI initiation. Among RT-treated patients, 23 (33%) received stereotactic RT, and 33 (48%) received curative intent RT. There was no significant difference in demographics or type of immunotherapy between patients according to prior RT exposure. Baseline complement C8 Ab and MIP-1d/CCL15 were significantly higher among patients with prior RT. For MIP-1d/CCL15, only prior stereotactic RT was associated with significant differences. CONCLUSIONS Prior RT is associated with few changes in systemic immune parameters in patients receiving ICI. The underlying mechanisms and optimal approach to harnessing the potential synergy of RT and ICI require further prospective clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vatsala Mundra
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Yuqiu Yang
- Peter O'Donnell, Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mitchell S von Itzstein
- Department of Internal Medicine (Division of Hematology-Oncology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Farjana Fattah
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Amrit S Gonugunta
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Raquibul Hannan
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Laurentiu M Pop
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Peter O'Donnell, Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Thomas Sheffield
- Peter O'Donnell, Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yang Xie
- Peter O'Donnell, Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jonathan E Dowell
- Department of Internal Medicine (Division of Hematology-Oncology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jade Homsi
- Department of Internal Medicine (Division of Hematology-Oncology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sawsan Rashdan
- Department of Internal Medicine (Division of Hematology-Oncology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jason Park
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Quan-Zhen Li
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Edward K Wakeland
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America; Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - David E Gerber
- Peter O'Donnell, Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine (Division of Hematology-Oncology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America.
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50
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Tang P, Sun D, Xu W, Li H, Chen L. Long non‑coding RNAs as potential therapeutic targets in non‑small cell lung cancer (Review). Int J Mol Med 2023; 52:68. [PMID: 37350412 PMCID: PMC10413047 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common malignancies with a high morbidity and mortality rate. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be closely associated with the occurrence and progression of NSCLC. In addition, lncRNAs have been documented to participate in the development of drug resistance and radiation sensitivity in patients with NSCLC. Due to their extensive functional characterization, high tissue specificity and sex specificity, lncRNAs have been proposed to be novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for NSCLC. Therefore, in the current review, the functional classification of lncRNAs were presented, whilst the potential roles of lncRNAs in NSCLC were also summarized. Various physiological aspects, including proliferation, invasion and drug resistance, were all discussed. It is anticipated that the present review will provide a perspective on lncRNAs as potential diagnostic molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Tang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016
| | - Dejuan Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016
| | - Wei Xu
- Institute of Structural Pharmacology and TCM Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016
- Institute of Structural Pharmacology and TCM Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016
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