1
|
Peng Z, Wang J, Guo J, Li X, Wang S, Xie Y, Jiang H, Wang Y, Wang M, Hu M, Li Q, Wang Y, Mi JQ, Liu Z. All-trans retinoic acid improves NSD2-mediated RARα phase separation and efficacy of anti-CD38 CAR T-cell therapy in multiple myeloma. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-006325. [PMID: 36918219 PMCID: PMC10016253 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapies targeting CD38 have demonstrated salient efficacy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM). However, loss of CD38 antigen and outgrowth of CD38 negative plasma cells have emerged as a major obstacle in clinics. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has been reported to upregulate CD38 expression, but the mechanism and adaptive genetic background remain unexplored. METHODS The efficacy of ATRA in upregulating CD38 expression in MM cells is evaluated by flow cytometry. The interaction between NSD2 and the RARα is analyzed by immunoprecipitation, and the nuclear condensation of RARα is evaluated under laser confocal microscope. A graft model of MM is established in NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl /SzJ mice, and the tumor burden is assessed by in vivo fluorescence imaging. RESULTS We report that ATRA upregulates MM cells CD38 in a non-linear manner, which is t(4;14) translocation dependent, and t(4;14) translocation-induced NSD2 shows positive correlation with ATRA-induced level of, but not with basal level of CD38 expression. Mechanistically, NSD2 interacts with the ATRA receptor, RARα, and protects it from degradation. Meanwhile, NSD2 enhances the nuclear condensation of RARα and modifies the histone H3 dimethylation at lysine 36 on CD38 promoter. Knockdown of NSD2 attenuates the sensitization of MM against ATRA induced CD38 upregulation. Translationally, ATRA is prone to augment the efficacy of anti-CD38 CAR T cells in NSD2high MM cells in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION This study elucidates a mechanism of ATRA in regulating CD38 expression and expands the clinical potential of ATRA in improving immunotherapies against CD38 in patients with MM.Cite Now.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Peng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingya Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meilin Hu
- School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Li
- Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yafei Wang
- Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian-Qing Mi
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China .,Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lewuillon C, Laguillaumie MO, Quesnel B, Idziorek T, Touil Y, Lemonnier L. Put in a “Ca2+ll” to Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030543. [PMID: 35159351 PMCID: PMC8834247 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal disorder characterized by genetic aberrations in myeloid primitive cells (blasts) which lead to their defective maturation/function and their proliferation in the bone marrow (BM) and blood of affected individuals. Current intensive chemotherapy protocols result in complete remission in 50% to 80% of AML patients depending on their age and the AML type involved. While alterations in calcium signaling have been extensively studied in solid tumors, little is known about the role of calcium in most hematologic malignancies, including AML. Our purpose with this review is to raise awareness about this issue and to present (i) the role of calcium signaling in AML cell proliferation and differentiation and in the quiescence of hematopoietic stem cells; (ii) the interplay between mitochondria, metabolism, and oxidative stress; (iii) the effect of the BM microenvironment on AML cell fate; and finally (iv) the mechanism by which chemotherapeutic treatments modify calcium homeostasis in AML cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Lewuillon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (M.-O.L.); (B.Q.); (T.I.); (Y.T.)
| | - Marie-Océane Laguillaumie
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (M.-O.L.); (B.Q.); (T.I.); (Y.T.)
| | - Bruno Quesnel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (M.-O.L.); (B.Q.); (T.I.); (Y.T.)
| | - Thierry Idziorek
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (M.-O.L.); (B.Q.); (T.I.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yasmine Touil
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.L.); (M.-O.L.); (B.Q.); (T.I.); (Y.T.)
| | - Loïc Lemonnier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003—PHYCEL—Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
78495111110.1152/physrev.00046.2020" />
Abstract
This medical review addresses the hypothesis that CD38/NADase is at the center of a functional axis (i.e., intracellular Ca2+ mobilization/IFNγ response/reactive oxygen species burst) driven by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, as already verified in respiratory syncytial virus pathology and CD38 activity in other cellular settings. Key features of the hypothesis are that 1) the substrates of CD38 (e.g., NAD+ and NADP+) are depleted by viral-induced metabolic changes; 2) the products of the enzymatic activity of CD38 [e.g., cyclic adenosine diphosphate-ribose (ADPR)/ADPR/nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate] and related enzymes [e.g., poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase, Sirtuins, and ADP-ribosyl hydrolase] are involved in the anti‐viral and proinflammatory response that favors the onset of lung immunopathology (e.g., cytokine storm and organ fibrosis); and 3) the pathological changes induced by this kinetic mechanism may be reduced by distinct modulators of the CD38/NAD+ axis (e.g., CD38 blockers, NAD+ suppliers, among others). This view is supported by arrays of associative basic and applied research data that are herein discussed and integrated with conclusions reported by others in the field of inflammatory, immune, tumor, and viral diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto L. Horenstein
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; and Centro Ricerca Medicina, Sperimentale (CeRMS) and Fondazione Ricerca Molinette Onlus, Turin, Italy
| | - Angelo C. Faini
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; and Centro Ricerca Medicina, Sperimentale (CeRMS) and Fondazione Ricerca Molinette Onlus, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Malavasi
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; and Centro Ricerca Medicina, Sperimentale (CeRMS) and Fondazione Ricerca Molinette Onlus, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
This medical review addresses the hypothesis that CD38/NADase is at the center of a functional axis (i.e., intracellular Ca2+ mobilization/IFNγ response/reactive oxygen species burst) driven by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, as already verified in respiratory syncytial virus pathology and CD38 activity in other cellular settings. Key features of the hypothesis are that 1) the substrates of CD38 (e.g., NAD+ and NADP+) are depleted by viral-induced metabolic changes; 2) the products of the enzymatic activity of CD38 [e.g., cyclic adenosine diphosphate-ribose (ADPR)/ADPR/nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate] and related enzymes [e.g., poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase, Sirtuins, and ADP-ribosyl hydrolase] are involved in the anti‐viral and proinflammatory response that favors the onset of lung immunopathology (e.g., cytokine storm and organ fibrosis); and 3) the pathological changes induced by this kinetic mechanism may be reduced by distinct modulators of the CD38/NAD+ axis (e.g., CD38 blockers, NAD+ suppliers, among others). This view is supported by arrays of associative basic and applied research data that are herein discussed and integrated with conclusions reported by others in the field of inflammatory, immune, tumor, and viral diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto L Horenstein
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; and Centro Ricerca Medicina, Sperimentale (CeRMS) and Fondazione Ricerca Molinette Onlus, Turin, Italy
| | - Angelo C Faini
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; and Centro Ricerca Medicina, Sperimentale (CeRMS) and Fondazione Ricerca Molinette Onlus, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Malavasi
- Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; and Centro Ricerca Medicina, Sperimentale (CeRMS) and Fondazione Ricerca Molinette Onlus, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
A Novel Aurora Kinase Inhibitor Attenuates Leukemic Cell Proliferation Induced by Mesenchymal Stem Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 18:491-503. [PMID: 32953983 PMCID: PMC7479495 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an essential role in protecting leukemic cells from chemotherapeutic agents through activating a wide range of adhesion molecules and cytokines. Thus, more attention should be paid to attenuate the protection of leukemic cells by MSCs. By examining the gene expression files of MSCs from healthy donors and AML patients through high-throughput microarrays, we found that interleukin (IL)-6 was an important cytokine secreted by AML MSCs to protect leukemic cells, contributing to disease progression. Strikingly, Aurora A (AURKA) was activated by IL-6, offering a new target to interfere with leukemia. Importantly, a novel AURKA inhibitor, PW21, showed excellent AURKA kinase inhibitory activities and attenuated the interaction of leukemic cells and the microenvironment. PW21 inhibited MSC-induced cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration, and it induced cell apoptosis. Mechanically, PW21 could inhibit IL-6 secreted by MSCs. Moreover, we found that PW21 displayed a strong anti-leukemia effect on non-obese diabetic (NOD)-severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and murine MLL-AF9 leukemic models. PW21 significantly prolonged the survival of leukemic mice and eliminated the leukemic progenitor cells. AURKA inhibitor PW21 could provide a new approach for treatment of leukemia through blocking the protection by the leukemic microenvironment in clinical application.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu C, He L, Wei Q, Li Q, Jiang L, Zhao L, Wang C, Li J, Wei M. Bioinformatic profiling identifies a platinum-resistant-related risk signature for ovarian cancer. Cancer Med 2020; 9:1242-1253. [PMID: 31856408 PMCID: PMC6997076 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Most high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients develop resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy and recur. Many biomarkers related to the survival and prognosis of drug-resistant patients have been delved by mining databases; however, the prediction effect of single-gene biomarker is not specific and sensitive enough. The present study aimed to develop a novel prognostic gene signature of platinum-based resistance for patients with HGSOC. The gene expression profiles were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas database. A total of 269 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with platinum resistance were identified (P < .05, fold change >1.5). Functional analysis revealed that these DEGs were mainly involved in apoptosis process, PI3K-Akt pathway. Furthermore, we established a set of seven-gene signature that was significantly associated with overall survival (OS) in the test series. Compared with the low-risk score group, patients with a high-risk score suffered poorer OS (P < .001). The area under the curve (AUC) was found to be 0.710, which means the risk score had a certain accuracy on predicting OS in HGSOC (AUC > 0.7). Surprisingly, the risk score was identified as an independent prognostic indicator for HGSOC (P < .001). Subgroup analyses suggested that the risk score had a greater prognostic value for patients with grade 3-4, stage III-IV, venous invasion and objective response. In conclusion, we developed a seven-gene signature relating to platinum resistance, which can predict survival for HGSOC and provide novel insights into understanding of platinum resistance mechanisms and identification of HGSOC patients with poor prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ce Wu
- Department of PharmacologySchool of PharmacyChina Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti‐Tumor Drug Development and EvaluationChina Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
| | - Linxiu He
- Department of PharmacologySchool of PharmacyChina Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti‐Tumor Drug Development and EvaluationChina Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
| | - Qian Wei
- Department of PharmacologySchool of PharmacyChina Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti‐Tumor Drug Development and EvaluationChina Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
| | - Qian Li
- Liaoning Cancer Hospital and InstituteCancer Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
| | - Longyang Jiang
- Department of PharmacologySchool of PharmacyChina Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti‐Tumor Drug Development and EvaluationChina Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
| | - Lan Zhao
- Department of PharmacologySchool of PharmacyChina Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti‐Tumor Drug Development and EvaluationChina Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Liaoning Cancer Hospital and InstituteCancer Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of PharmacologySchool of PharmacyChina Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti‐Tumor Drug Development and EvaluationChina Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
- Liaoning Blood CenterLiaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Blood Safety ResearchShenyangChina
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of PharmacologySchool of PharmacyChina Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti‐Tumor Drug Development and EvaluationChina Medical UniversityShenyang CityChina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vaisitti T, Arruga F, Guerra G, Deaglio S. Ectonucleotidases in Blood Malignancies: A Tale of Surface Markers and Therapeutic Targets. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2301. [PMID: 31636635 PMCID: PMC6788384 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia develops as the result of intrinsic features of the transformed cell, such as gene mutations and derived oncogenic signaling, and extrinsic factors, such as a tumor-friendly, immunosuppressed microenvironment, predominantly in the lymph nodes and the bone marrow. There, high extracellular levels of nucleotides, mainly NAD+ and ATP, are catabolized by different ectonucleotidases, which can be divided in two families according to substrate specificity: on one side those that metabolize NAD+, including CD38, CD157, and CD203a; on the other, those that convert ATP, namely CD39 (and other ENTPDases) and CD73. They generate products that modulate intracellular calcium levels and that activate purinergic receptors. They can also converge on adenosine generation with profound effects, both on leukemic cells, enhancing chemoresistance and homing, and on non-malignant immune cells, polarizing them toward tolerance. This review will first provide an overview of ectonucleotidases expression within the immune system, in physiological and pathological conditions. We will then focus on different hematological malignancies, discussing their role as disease markers and possibly pathogenic agents. Lastly, we will describe current efforts aimed at therapeutic targeting of this family of enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Vaisitti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Arruga
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Guerra
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bu X, Kato J, Hong JA, Merino MJ, Schrump DS, Lund FE, Moss J. CD38 knockout suppresses tumorigenesis in mice and clonogenic growth of human lung cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:242-251. [PMID: 29228209 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The ectodomain of the plasma membrane ectoenzyme CD38 functions as both an NAD glycohydrolase and an ADP-ribosyl cyclase by catalyzing, respectively, the conversion of NAD to nicotinamide and ADP-ribose or cyclic ADP-ribose. CD38 is attracting particular attention in cancer therapy. An anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (daratumumab) was approved for treatment of patients with multiple myeloma. However, the role of CD38 in non-hematological malignancies has not been explored. Previously, we reported that ADP-ribose-acceptor hydrolase (ARH)-1 deficiency in mice was associated with tumor development. In the present study, we found that in wild-type and ARH1-deficient mice deletion of the CD38 gene reduced tumor formation. Significant reductions in tumor number were observed in lymphomas, adenocarcinomas and hemangio/histolytic sarcomas. Consistent with a role for CD38 in tumorigenesis, CRISPR/Cas9-based knockout of CD38 in A549 human adenocarcinoma cells inhibited anchorage-independent cell growth, cell invasion and xenograft growth in nude mice. CD38 mRNA and protein expression were evaluated in human lung cancer cell lines and in human lung cancer specimens. CD38 overexpression in tumor cells was identified in 11 of 27 patient samples. In addition, some human lung cancer cell lines had dramatically higher CD38 mRNA and protein expression than normal cells. Consistent with these observations, search of the Oncomine database showed that some human lung adenocarcinomas had higher CD38 mRNA levels compared to normal lung tissues. In total, our data are consistent with the conclusion that CD38 plays a role in murine and human lung tumorigenesis and that anti-CD38 treatment may have therapeutic potential in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Bu
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiro Kato
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julie A Hong
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maria J Merino
- Translational Surgical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David S Schrump
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Frances E Lund
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang Y, Hou J, Ge F, Cao F, Li H, Wang P, Xu M, Song P, Li X, Wang S, Li J, Han X, Zhao Y, Su Y, Li Y, Fan S, Li L, Zhou J. Integrating microRNA and mRNA expression profiles of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells to explore the occurrence mechanisms of differentiation syndrome. Oncotarget 2018; 7:73509-73524. [PMID: 27634874 PMCID: PMC5341995 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of therapy-induced differentiation syndrome (DS) in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) remains unclear. In this study, mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) expression profiling of peripheral blood APL cells from patients complicated with vs. without DS were integratively analyzed to explore the mechanisms underlying arsenic trioxide treatment-associated DS. By integrating the differentially expressed data with the data of differentially expressed microRNAs and their computationally predicted target genes, as well as the data of transcription factors and differentially expressed target microRNAs obtained from a literature search, a DS-related genetic regulatory network was constructed. Then using an EAGLE algorithm in clusterViz, the network was subdivided into 10 modules. Using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database the modules were annotated functionally, and three functionally active modules were recognized. The further in-depth analyses on the annotated functions of the three modules and the expression and roles of the related genes revealed that proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and infiltration capability of APL cells might play important roles in the DS pathogenesis. The results could improve our understanding of DS pathogenesis from a more overall perspective, and could provide new clues for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingmei Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinxiao Hou
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fei Ge
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fenglin Cao
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mengyuan Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Song
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuye Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinmei Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueying Han
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanhong Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanhua Su
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yinghua Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shengjin Fan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Limin Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ruggieri S, Orsomando G, Sorci L, Raffaelli N. Regulation of NAD biosynthetic enzymes modulates NAD-sensing processes to shape mammalian cell physiology under varying biological cues. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2015; 1854:1138-49. [PMID: 25770681 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2015.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In addition to its role as a redox coenzyme, NAD is a substrate of various enzymes that split the molecule to either catalyze covalent modifications of target proteins or convert NAD into biologically active metabolites. The coenzyme bioavailability may be significantly affected by these reactions, with ensuing major impact on energy metabolism, cell survival, and aging. Moreover, through the activity of the NAD-dependent deacetylating sirtuins, NAD behaves as a beacon molecule that reports the cell metabolic state, and accordingly modulates transcriptional responses and metabolic adaptations. In this view, NAD biosynthesis emerges as a highly regulated process: it enables cells to preserve NAD homeostasis in response to significant NAD-consuming events and it can be modulated by various stimuli to induce, via NAD level changes, suitable NAD-mediated metabolic responses. Here we review the current knowledge on the regulation of mammalian NAD biosynthesis, with focus on the relevant rate-limiting enzymes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Cofactor-dependent proteins: evolution, chemical diversity and bio-applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silverio Ruggieri
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Orsomando
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sorci
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Nadia Raffaelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Villa G, Zaragoza JJ, Sharma A, Chelazzi C, Ronco C, De Gaudio AR. High cutoff membrane to reduce systemic inflammation due to differentiation syndrome: a case report. Blood Purif 2014; 38:234-8. [PMID: 25531172 DOI: 10.1159/000369379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differentiation syndrome is a life-threatening complication of therapy that is carried out with agents used for acute promyelocytic leukemia. Its physiopathology comprehends the production of inflammatory mediators by differentiating granulocytes, endothelial and alveolar cells due to stimulation by all-trans retinoic acid and leading to sustained systemic inflammation. METHODS Treatment with high cut-off continuous veno-venous hemodialysis (HCO-CVVHD) was performed to reduce the circulating mediators of systemic inflammation. RESULTS After 52 h of treatment, an important reduction was observed in inflammatory mediators (IL-1β: from 10 to 2 pg/ml; IL-8: from 57 to 40 pg/ml; TNF-α: from 200 to 105 pg/ml; IL-6: from 263 to 91 pg/ml), as well as in anti-inflammatory mediators (IL-10: from 349 to 216 pg/ml). CONCLUSIONS HCO-CVVHD should be explored as a part of treatment in systemic inflammation states other than sepsis (e.g., differentiation syndrome). Furthermore, its immunomodulatory effects could be particularly useful in immunocompromised patient treated with corticosteroids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Villa
- International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ectoenzymes in leukocyte migration and their therapeutic potential. Semin Immunopathol 2014; 36:163-76. [PMID: 24638888 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-014-0417-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation causes or accompanies a huge variety of diseases. Migration of leukocytes from the blood into the tissues, in the tissues, and from the tissues to lymphatic vasculature is crucial in the formation and resolution of inflammatory infiltrates. In addition to classical adhesion and activation molecules, several other molecules are known to contribute to the leukocyte traffic. Several of them belong to ectoenzymes, which are cell surface molecules having catalytically active sites outside the cell. We will review here how several ectoenzymes present on leukocytes or endothelial cell surface function as adhesins and/or modulate the extravasation cascade through their enzymatic activities. Moreover, their therapeutic potential as immune modulators in different experimental inflammation models and in clinical trials will be discussed.
Collapse
|
13
|
Quarona V, Zaccarello G, Chillemi A, Brunetti E, Singh VK, Ferrero E, Funaro A, Horenstein AL, Malavasi F. CD38 and CD157: a long journey from activation markers to multifunctional molecules. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2013; 84:207-17. [PMID: 23576305 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
CD38 (also known as T10) was identified in the late 1970s in the course of pioneering work carried out at the Dana-Farber Cancer Center (Boston, MA) that focused on the identification of surface molecules involved in antigen recognition. CD38 was initially found on thymocytes and T lymphocytes, but today we know that the molecule is found throughout the immune system, although its expression levels vary. Because of this, CD38 was considered an "activation marker," a term still popular in routine flow cytometry. This review summarizes the findings obtained from different approaches, which led to CD38 being re-defined as a multifunctional molecule. CD38 and its homologue CD157 (BST-1), contiguous gene duplicates on human chromosome 4 (4p15), are part of a gene family encoding products that modulate the social life of cells by means of bidirectional signals. Both CD38 and CD157 play dual roles as receptors and ectoenzymes, endowed with complex activities related to signaling and cell homeostasis. The structure-function analysis presented here is intended to give clinical scientists and flow cytometrists a background knowledge of these molecules. The link between CD38/CD157 and human diseases will be explored here in the context of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, myeloma and ovarian carcinoma, although other disease associations are also known. Thus CD38 and CD157 have evolved from simple leukocyte activation markers to multifunctional molecules involved in health and disease. Future tasks will be to explore their potential as targets for in vivo therapeutic interventions and as regulators of the immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Quarona
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, University of Torino Medical School, Torino, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
|
15
|
Yang D, Elner SG, Chen X, Field MG, Petty HR, Elner VM. MCP-1-activated monocytes induce apoptosis in human retinal pigment epithelium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011; 52:6026-34. [PMID: 21447688 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.10-7023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The inflammatory response in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is characterized by mononuclear leukocyte infiltration of the outer blood-retina barrier formed by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). A key mechanistic element in AMD progression is RPE dysfunction and apoptotic cell loss. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1-activated monocytes induce human RPE apoptosis and whether Ca(2+) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in this process. METHODS A cell-based fluorometric assay was used to measure intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations ([Ca(2+)](i)) in RPE cells loaded with fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator. Intracellular RPE ROS levels were measured by using the 5- and 6-chloromethyl-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescence diacetate acetyl ester (CM-H(2)DCFDA) assay. RPE apoptosis was evaluated by activated caspase-3, Hoechst staining, and apoptosis ELISA. RESULTS MCP-1-activated human monocytes increased [Ca(2+)](i), ROS levels, and apoptosis in RPE cells, all of which were inhibited by 8-bromo-cyclic adenosine diphosphoribosyl ribose (8-Br-cADPR), an antagonist of cADPR. Although the ROS scavengers pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) significantly inhibited ROS production and apoptosis induced by activated monocytes, they did not affect induced Ca(2+) levels. The induced Ca(2+) levels and apoptosis in RPE cells were inhibited by an antibody against cluster of differentiation antigen 14 (CD14), an adhesion molecule expressed by these cells. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that CD14, Ca(2+), and ROS are involved in activated monocyte-induced RPE apoptosis and that cADPR contributes to these changes. Understanding the complex interactions among CD14, cADPR, Ca(2+), and ROS may provide new insights and treatments of retinal diseases, including AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105-0714, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Uruno A, Noguchi N, Matsuda K, Nata K, Yoshikawa T, Chikamatsu Y, Kagechika H, Harigae H, Ito S, Okamoto H, Sugawara A. All-trans retinoic acid and a novel synthetic retinoid tamibarotene (Am80) differentially regulate CD38 expression in human leukemia HL-60 cells: possible involvement of protein kinase C-delta. J Leukoc Biol 2011; 90:235-47. [PMID: 21393419 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0109025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
ATRA and a synthetic RAR agonist tamibarotene (Am80) induce granulocytic differentiation of human acute leukemia HL-60 cells and have been used in antineoplastic therapy. ATRA induces CD38 antigen during HL-60 cell differentiation, which interacts with CD31 antigen on the vascular EC surface and may induce disadvantages in the therapy. We here examined the mechanisms of the ATRA-mediated CD38 induction and compared the difference between ATRA- and tamibarotene-mediated induction. Tamibarotene-induced HL-60 cell adhesion to ECs was 38% lower than ATRA, and NB4 cell adhesion to ECs by tamibarotene was equivalent to ATRA, which induced CD38 gene transcription biphasically in HL-60 cells, the early-phase induction via DR-RARE containing intron 1, and the delayed-phase induction via RARE lacking the 5'-flanking region. In contrast to ATRA, tamibarotene induced only the early-phase induction, resulting in its lower CD38 induction than ATRA. A PKCδ inhibitor, rottlerin, and siRNA-mediated PKCδ knockdown suppressed the ATRA-induced CD38 promoter activity of the 5'-flanking region, whereas a RAR antagonist, LE540, or RAR knockdown did not affect it. Cycloheximide and rottlerin suppressed the delayed-phase induction of CD38 expression by ATRA but did not affect the early-phase induction. Moreover, ATRA, but not tamibarotene, induced PKCδ expression without affecting its mRNA stability. The diminished effect of tamibarotene on CD38-mediated HL-60 cell adhesion to ECs compared with ATRA is likely a result of the lack of its delayed-phase induction of CD38 expression, which may be advantageous in antineoplastic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Uruno
- Department of Advanced Biological Sciences for Regeneration, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Patton DT, Wilson MD, Rowan WC, Soond DR, Okkenhaug K. The PI3K p110δ regulates expression of CD38 on regulatory T cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17359. [PMID: 21390257 PMCID: PMC3046981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The PI3K pathway has emerged as a key regulator of regulatory T cell (Treg) development and homeostasis and is required for full Treg-mediated suppression. To identify new genes involved in PI3K-dependent suppression, we compared the transcriptome of WT and p110δD910A Tregs. Among the genes that were differentially expressed was the gene for the transmembrane cyclic ADP ribose hydrolase CD38. Here we show that CD38 is expressed mainly by a subset of Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ T cells originating in the thymus and on Tregs in the spleen. CD38high WT Tregs showed superior suppressive activity to CD38low Tregs, which failed to upregulate CD73, a surface protein which is important for suppression. However, Tregs from heterozygous CD38+/− mice were unimpaired despite lower levels of CD38 expression. Therefore, CD38 can be used as a marker for Tregs with high suppressive activity and the impaired Treg function in p110δD910A mice can in part be explained by the failure of CD38high cells to develop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T. Patton
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus D. Wilson
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy C. Rowan
- Tool Monoclonal Antibody Group, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Dalya R. Soond
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus Okkenhaug
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
DePaolo RW, Abadie V, Tang F, Fehlner-Peach H, Hall JA, Wang W, Marietta EV, Kasarda DD, Waldmann TA, Murray JA, Semrad C, Kupfer SS, Belkaid Y, Guandalini S, Jabri B. Co-adjuvant effects of retinoic acid and IL-15 induce inflammatory immunity to dietary antigens. Nature 2011; 471:220-4. [PMID: 21307853 DOI: 10.1038/nature09849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Under physiological conditions the gut-associated lymphoid tissues not only prevent the induction of a local inflammatory immune response, but also induce systemic tolerance to fed antigens. A notable exception is coeliac disease, where genetically susceptible individuals expressing human leukocyte antigen (HLA) HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 molecules develop inflammatory T-cell and antibody responses against dietary gluten, a protein present in wheat. The mechanisms underlying this dysregulated mucosal immune response to a soluble antigen have not been identified. Retinoic acid, a metabolite of vitamin A, has been shown to have a critical role in the induction of intestinal regulatory responses. Here we find in mice that in conjunction with IL-15, a cytokine greatly upregulated in the gut of coeliac disease patients, retinoic acid rapidly activates dendritic cells to induce JNK (also known as MAPK8) phosphorylation and release the proinflammatory cytokines IL-12p70 and IL-23. As a result, in a stressed intestinal environment, retinoic acid acted as an adjuvant that promoted rather than prevented inflammatory cellular and humoral responses to fed antigen. Altogether, these findings reveal an unexpected role for retinoic acid and IL-15 in the abrogation of tolerance to dietary antigens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R W DePaolo
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Augmentation of antibody responses by retinoic acid and costimulatory molecules. Semin Immunol 2008; 21:42-50. [PMID: 18819820 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2008.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 08/13/2008] [Accepted: 08/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Antibody production is crucial for a successful vaccine response. Beyond the ability of vitamin A (VA) and its active metabolite, all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) to restore growth in VA-deficient animals, supplementation with VA and/or treatment with RA can augment antibody responses in both VA-deficient and VA-adequate animals. RA alone, and in combination with stimuli that are ligands for the Toll-like receptor family, can augment the adaptive immune response leading to a heightened primary antibody response, and a stronger recall response upon restimulation. Mechanisms may include regulation of cell populations, type 1/type 2 cytokines, and B cell-related transcription factors, leading to accelerated B cell maturation.
Collapse
|
20
|
Malavasi F, Deaglio S, Funaro A, Ferrero E, Horenstein AL, Ortolan E, Vaisitti T, Aydin S. Evolution and function of the ADP ribosyl cyclase/CD38 gene family in physiology and pathology. Physiol Rev 2008; 88:841-86. [PMID: 18626062 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00035.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 619] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane proteins CD38 and CD157 belong to an evolutionarily conserved family of enzymes that play crucial roles in human physiology. Expressed in distinct patterns in most tissues, CD38 (and CD157) cleaves NAD(+) and NADP(+), generating cyclic ADP ribose (cADPR), NAADP, and ADPR. These reaction products are essential for the regulation of intracellular Ca(2+), the most ancient and universal cell signaling system. The entire family of enzymes controls complex processes, including egg fertilization, cell activation and proliferation, muscle contraction, hormone secretion, and immune responses. Over the course of evolution, the molecules have developed the ability to interact laterally and frontally with other surface proteins and have acquired receptor-like features. As detailed in this review, the loss of CD38 function is associated with impaired immune responses, metabolic disturbances, and behavioral modifications in mice. CD38 is a powerful disease marker for human leukemias and myelomas, is directly involved in the pathogenesis and outcome of human immunodeficiency virus infection and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and controls insulin release and the development of diabetes. Here, the data concerning diseases are examined in view of potential clinical applications in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. The concluding remarks try to frame all of the currently available information within a unified working model that takes into account both the enzymatic and receptorial functions of the molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Malavasi
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Biology, and Biochemistry and Centro di Ricerca in Medicina Sperimentale, University of Torino Medical School, Torino, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides in human monocytic leukemia cells: from gene expression to network construction. BMC Genomics 2007; 8:411. [PMID: 17996095 PMCID: PMC2211495 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2007] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ganoderma lucidum has been widely used as a herbal medicine for promoting health and longevity in China and other Asian countries. Polysaccharide extracts from Ganoderma lucidum have been reported to exhibit immuno-modulating and anti-tumor activities. In previous studies, F3, the active component of the polysaccharide extract, was found to activate various cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-alpha. This gave rise to our investigation on how F3 stimulates immuno-modulating or anti-tumor effects in human leukemia THP-1 cells. RESULTS Here, we integrated time-course DNA microarray analysis, quantitative PCR assays, and bioinformatics methods to study the F3-induced effects in THP-1 cells. Significantly disturbed pathways induced by F3 were identified with statistical analysis on microarray data. The apoptosis induction through the DR3 and DR4/5 death receptors was found to be one of the most significant pathways and play a key role in THP-1 cells after F3 treatment. Based on time-course gene expression measurements of the identified pathway, we reconstructed a plausible regulatory network of the involved genes using reverse-engineering computational approach. CONCLUSION Our results showed that F3 may induce death receptor ligands to initiate signaling via receptor oligomerization, recruitment of specialized adaptor proteins and activation of caspase cascades.
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhao CQ, Liu D, Li H, Jiang LS, Dai LY. Interleukin-1β enhances the effect of serum deprivation on rat annular cell apoptosis. Apoptosis 2007; 12:2155-61. [PMID: 17912642 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-007-0137-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Excessive apoptosis of disc cells is believed to play an important role in intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. It has been shown that interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) is involved in the failure of disc matrix by suppressing the synthesis of matrix components and stimulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases. However, whether IL-1beta induces disc cell apoptosis is still unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of IL-1beta on the apoptosis of rat annular cells cultured with or without serum supplement. First-passage rat annular cells were cultured with 0% or 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) supplement and stimulated with 0, 10, 20 or 50 ng/ml IL-1beta for 12, 24 or 48 h. Apoptotic incidences were quantified by flow cytometry, morphologic changes in apoptotic cells were visualized by Hoechst 33258 staining and phase-contrast microscopy, and caspase-3 activity was also determined. When rat annular cells were cultured with 10% FBS supplement, no significant changes in apoptotic incidences, apoptotic morphology and caspase-3 activity were observed even when cells were stimulated with 50 ng/ml IL-1beta for 48 h. In contrast, serum deprivation for 24 h led to an increase in apoptotic incidences, the number of apoptotic nuclei and caspase-3 activity, and IL-1beta significantly increased the effects of serum deprivation in a dose-dependent manner. Our results indicate that IL-1beta alone is not a sufficient stimulus to induce disc cell apoptosis and that in order to suppress disc cell apoptosis, improving the nutrient supply to the disc may be more effective than antagonizing the adverse effects of IL-1beta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Qing Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gallay N, Anani L, Lopez A, Colombat P, Binet C, Domenech J, Weksler BB, Malavasi F, Herault O. The Role of Platelet/Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule–1 (CD31) and CD38 Antigens in Marrow Microenvironmental Retention of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Cells. Cancer Res 2007; 67:8624-32. [PMID: 17875702 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-0402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), leukemic cell-microenvironment interactions within various niches (stromal/osteoblastic or sinusoidal endothelial cell niches) have a role in leukemia cell survival and drug resistance. The AML leukemic cells express platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) and CD38, two adhesion molecules that could interact with microenvironmental elements, i.e., CD31 on the surface of marrow endothelial cells (CD31/CD31 and CD38/CD31 interactions) and hyaluronate (CD38/hyaluronate interactions). We report a physical association of these two antigens on the plasma membrane of myeloid leukemic cells. In this context, in vitro experiments done using interaction-blocking anti-CD31 and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies (CLB-HEC75 and OKT10, respectively) indicate that an excess of CD31 on the cell membrane of leukemic cells (CD31/CD38 MFI ratio >1) promotes a homotypic interaction with marrow endothelial cells, resulting in higher transendothelial migration. Conversely, an excess of CD38 (CD31/CD38 MFI ratio <1) allows leukemic cells to be entrapped within the bone marrow microenvironment through hyaluronate adhesion. The results obtained in vitro using fluorescence resonance energy transfer, co-capping, and co-immunoprecipitation experiments, and hyaluronate adhesion and transendothelial migration assays, are supported by immunophenotypic characterization of marrow leukemic cells from 78 AML patients on which CD38 expression levels were found to be positively correlated with those of CD31. Importantly, the excess of CD31 in those samples was associated with a higher peripheral WBC count. These findings indicate that bone marrow retention of AML cells depends on CD31 and CD38 coexpression levels.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1/immunology
- ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1/metabolism
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Bone Marrow Cells/immunology
- Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism
- Bone Marrow Cells/pathology
- Cell Adhesion/physiology
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Cell Movement/physiology
- Endothelial Cells/immunology
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
- HL-60 Cells
- Humans
- Hyaluronic Acid
- Immunophenotyping
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/blood
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukocyte Count
- Middle Aged
- Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/immunology
- Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
- U937 Cells
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Gallay
- INSERM ESPRI-EA3855, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
The CD38 molecule is well represented on cell surfaces in many cases of a variety of lymphoid tumors, notably multiple myeloma, AIDS-associated lymphomas, and post-transplant lymphoproliferations. As such, this molecule is a promising target for antibody therapy. After early disappointments, improved anti-CD38 antibodies of strong cytolytic potential have been described by 3 groups. First, a human IgG monoclonal anti-CD38 antibody raised in mice transgenic for human Ig has been found to induce potent complement and cellular cytotoxicities against both myeloma cell lines and fresh harvests from myeloma marrow and leukemic blood. This antibody also exhibits the singular property of inhibiting the CD38 cyclase activity. Second, a series of CD38-specific human antibodies, with high affinities and high ADCC activities against cell lines and primary cultures of myeloma, has been selected from a unique phage-display library. Finally, to enhance specificity for myeloma cells, bispecific domain antibodies targeting both CD38 and CD138 have been developed. As they lack any Fc module, these constructs rely on cytotoxicity for delivering a toxin to tumor cells. The list of candidate CD38-bearing neoplasms as targets for these antibody constructs can now be expanded to include acute promyelocytic leukemia, and possibly other myeloid leukemias, in which surface CD38 can be induced by retinoid treatment. One caveat here is that evidence has been produced to suggest that CD38 promotes pulmonary manifestations of the hazardous retinoic acid syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George T Stevenson
- Tenovus Laboratory, Southampton University Hospitals, Southampton SO16 7AD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Stevenson GT. CD38 as a therapeutic target. MOLECULAR MEDICINE (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2007; 12:345-6. [PMID: 17380203 PMCID: PMC1829201 DOI: 10.2119/2006–00082.stevenson] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2006] [Accepted: 12/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The CD38 molecule is well represented on cell surfaces in many cases of a variety of lymphoid tumors, notably multiple myeloma, AIDS-associated lymphomas, and post-transplant lymphoproliferations. As such, this molecule is a promising target for antibody therapy. After early disappointments, improved anti-CD38 antibodies of strong cytolytic potential have been described by 3 groups. First, a human IgG monoclonal anti-CD38 antibody raised in mice transgenic for human Ig has been found to induce potent complement and cellular cytotoxicities against both myeloma cell lines and fresh harvests from myeloma marrow and leukemic blood. This antibody also exhibits the singular property of inhibiting the CD38 cyclase activity. Second, a series of CD38-specific human antibodies, with high affinities and high ADCC activities against cell lines and primary cultures of myeloma, has been selected from a unique phage-display library. Finally, to enhance specificity for myeloma cells, bispecific domain antibodies targeting both CD38 and CD138 have been developed. As they lack any Fc module, these constructs rely on cytotoxicity for delivering a toxin to tumor cells. The list of candidate CD38-bearing neoplasms as targets for these antibody constructs can now be expanded to include acute promyelocytic leukemia, and possibly other myeloid leukemias, in which surface CD38 can be induced by retinoid treatment. One caveat here is that evidence has been produced to suggest that CD38 promotes pulmonary manifestations of the hazardous retinoic acid syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George T Stevenson
- Tenovus Laboratory, Southampton University Hospitals, Southampton SO16 7AD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yen A. Retinoic acid therapy served by ligands cross linking and masking CD38. Leuk Res 2006; 31:423-5. [PMID: 16914201 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2006.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2006] [Revised: 06/30/2006] [Accepted: 07/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|