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Ali DE, El-Shiekh RA, El Sawy MA, Khalifa AA, Elblehi SS, Elsokkary NH, Ali MA. In vivo anti-gastric ulcer activity of 7-O-methyl aromadendrin and sakuranetin via mitigating inflammatory and oxidative stress trails. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118617. [PMID: 39053715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Eucalyptus genus has been used for a very long time in conventional treatment as an anti-ulcer remedy. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed to explore the gastroprotective potential of 7-O-methyl aromadendrin (7-OMA), and sakuranetin (SKN) in comparison with omeprazole. The study tackled the contribution of their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic capabilities to their anti-gastric ulcer effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS An ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in rats was adopted and the consequences were confirmed by a molecular docking study. RESULTS The oral pretreatment of rats 1 h before ethanol using omeprazole (20 mg/kg) or 7-OMA (20 or 40 mg/kg) or SKN (20 or 40 mg/kg) exhibited gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties to different extents. These amendments witnessed as restorations in the stomach histological architecture in H and E-stained sections, mucus content in periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stained sections with increased cellular proliferation, as demonstrated by increased immunohistochemical staining of PCNA, and increments in stomach COX-1 activity and eNOS. The highest dose of SKN showed the best corrections to reach 4.8, 1.8, and 2.1 folds increase in PAS, COX-1 and eNOS, respectively as compared to the untreated ethanol-induced gastric ulcer group; effects that were comparable to that of omeprazole. Moreover, reductions in COX-2 activity, and the protein expression of NF-κB, IL-6, TNF-α and NOx, in addition to the gene expression of inducible iNOS were also noted. Moreover, the antioxidant and antiapoptotic capabilities of omeprazole, 7-OMA, and SKN were perceived. SKN (40 mg/kg) succeeded to show the unsurpassed results to reach 293.6%, 237.1%, 274.7%, 248.2%, and 175.4% in total and reduced GSH, catalase, SOD, and Bcl2, respectively, as well as 50.0%, 46.8%, and 52.1 % in oxidized GSSG, TBARS and caspase-3, respectively. The gastroprotective potential of the tested compounds can be assigned to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties.7-OMA and SKN were studied using molecular docking into the binding sites of the most significant inflammatory targets, including COX-2, TNF-α, iNOS, and NF-κB. Pharmacokinetic and physicochemical parameters in silico were appropriate. CONCLUSION The prophylactic use of 7-OMA and SKN could be considered as an add-on to recurrent gastric ulcers and might influence its therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia E Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Riham A El-Shiekh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Maged A El Sawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A Khalifa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samar S Elblehi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nahed H Elsokkary
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mennatallah A Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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Lima A, Arruda F, Janeiro A, Medeiros J, Baptista J, Madruga J, Lima E. Biological activities of organic extracts and specialized metabolites from different parts of Cryptomeria japonica (Cupressaceae) - A critical review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 206:113520. [PMID: 36544302 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Forest operations and wood industry generate large amounts of residues that are discarded in the field and cause environmental pollution. However, these biomass residues are still raw materials to obtain value-added products, such as essential oils, organic/aqueous extracts and resins that are among the great natural sources of bioactive metabolites. Thus, in recent years, the scientific community is giving special attention to their valorization. To date, different uses of biomass residues have been proposed, such as a source of renewable energy, fertilizers, animal feed and bioactive molecules. In this context, Cryptomeria japonica biomass residues (e.g., bark and its exudate, heartwood, sapwood, leaves, cones and roots) represent a source of diverse specialized metabolites (e.g., sesqui-, di-, tri- and sesquarterpenes, flavonoids, lignans and norlignans) with potential application in different fields, particularly in the agrochemical, food, cosmeceutical, pharmaceutical, phytomedicine and esthetic, due to their valuable multi-bioactivities determined over the last decades. Thus, this review provides an overview of the reported biological activities of organic extracts/fractions and their specialized metabolites obtained from different parts of C. japonica, in order to encourage the alternative uses of C. japonica wastes/byproducts, and implement a sustainable and circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lima
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, São Miguel, Azores, Portugal; Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Technology (IITAA), University of Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Azores, Portugal
| | - Filipe Arruda
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Technology (IITAA), University of Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Azores, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, São Miguel, Azores, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Janeiro
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Technology (IITAA), University of Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Azores, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, São Miguel, Azores, Portugal
| | - Jorge Medeiros
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, São Miguel, Azores, Portugal; Biotechnology Centre of Azores (CBA), University of Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Azores, Portugal
| | - José Baptista
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, São Miguel, Azores, Portugal; Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Technology (IITAA), University of Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Azores, Portugal
| | - João Madruga
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Technology (IITAA), University of Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Azores, Portugal; Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Azores, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Lima
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, São Miguel, Azores, Portugal; Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Technology (IITAA), University of Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Terceira, Azores, Portugal.
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Evaluation of Ulcer Protective Activity of Morus alba L. Extract-Loaded Chitosan Microspheres in Ethanol-Induced Ulcer in Rat Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4907585. [PMID: 36212972 PMCID: PMC9546716 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4907585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Due to an unhealthy lifestyle, gastric ulcers have become a very common disease these days. Moreover, the side effects linked with the prolonged use of conventional treatments have shifted the paradigm towards herbal therapies. The leaves of Morus alba L. (Family-Moraceae) have been traditionally used for a large number of metabolic diseases. In the present research, we focused on the development of chitosan microspheres using extracts of leaves of Morus alba L. and their evaluation for gastroprotective efficacy against ethanol-induced ulcers in experimental rats. The process of development of M. alba extract microsphere (MEM) is also optimized using the Box-Behnken design. The formulation was prepared at optimized conditions (chitosan concentration (1.66% w/w), volume of glutaraldehyde (4.69 mL), and stirrer rotation per minute, RPM, 854.8), and the percentage yield (Y 1) of the resulted microspheres is ∼95% with an encapsulation efficiency (EE) of (Y 2(rutin)) ∼86%, Y 2(quercetin)) ∼85%, and particle size (Y 3) of ∼40 µm. The MEM prepared at optimized conditions can also be characterized for various parameters to ensure the uniformity of parameters. Also, the drug release studies indicated that the percentage release of rutin and quercetin from MEM was enhanced as compared to M. alba extract (ME) alone. Furthermore, in vivo analysis of the antiulcer potential of pretreatment with ME and MEM (500 mg/kg p.o.) in rats indicated that mucosal lesions, gastric juice volume, and total acidity were significantly altered as compared to ethanol-treated animals. Histopathology of tissue sections also confirmed the protection of gastric mucosa on pretreatment with MEM at 500 mg/kg p.o. On the basis of these findings, we can conclude that prepared microspheres can be used to develop a sustained release formulation of extract for the management of gastric ulcers. However, additional research is needed to establish the specific mechanisms of M. alba's antiulcer efficacy.
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Liao HR, Kao YY, Leu YL, Liu FC, Tseng CP. Larixol inhibits fMLP-induced superoxide anion production and chemotaxis by targeting the βγ subunit of Gi-protein of fMLP receptor in human neutrophils. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 201:115091. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Surekha C, Srikanth R, Thupurani MK, Neelapu NRR, Peddireddy V. Antimicrobial Activities of Salacia oblonga Wall Leaf and Root Extracts Against Different Bacterial Strains and Fungal Isolates. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:204. [PMID: 35612657 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02888-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance and the hazardous nature of synthetic drugs is threatening issue in the health sector. The alternative for this problem is to focus on plants that attribute to various compounds that exhibit therapeutic properties. Therefore, the study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of Salacia oblonga leaf and root extracts against tested human pathogens. The S. oblonga extracts showed a significant zone of inhibition against bacteria and fungi. The leaf and root extracts of S. oblonga are prepared using low polar to high polar solvents in the Soxhlet apparatus and tested on the selected bacterial and fungal strains. Agar well diffusion and broth dilution methods evaluate antibacterial activity, antifungal activity, and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of extracts. Among the extracts tested, the ethyl acetate extract of root showed more antimicrobial activity against the tested bacterial and fungal strains. The most susceptible bacterial and fungal species against ethyl acetate extract are Micrococcus luteus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Microsporum canis, Trichophyton interdigitale, and Microsporum gypseum. The MIC for bacteria ranged from 13.0 to > 200 µg/ml, whereas for fungi, the MIC ranged from 25.9 to > 200 µg/ml. Ethyl acetate extract of root with 100 µg/ml concentration showed 29.1 mm and 28.7 mm zone of inhibition against bacterial strains M. luteus and M. tuberculosis, respectively. The ethyl acetate extract of root with a 100 µg/ml concentration showed 15.8, 15.2, and 15.6 mm zone of inhibition against fungal isolates M. canis, T. interdigitale, and M. gypseum, respectively. The activity of root and leaf extracts increased in a concentration-dependent manner, and further, the compounds isolated from the crude extracts of leaf and root showed antimicrobial activity. Structural elucidation of isolated compounds Lambertic acid and Ferruginol was done using NMR spectroscopy. Reports indicate that Lambertic acid was isolated previously, but the isolation of hydroxy Ferruginol from S. oblonga leaf extract was reported unprecedented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Challa Surekha
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India.
| | - Racha Srikanth
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India
| | - Murali Krishna Thupurani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chaitanya (Deemed to be University), Kishanpura, Hanamkonda, Warangal, Telangana, India
| | - Nageswara Rao Reddy Neelapu
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India
| | - Vidyullatha Peddireddy
- Department of Microbiology and Food Science & Technology, Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), 530045, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Department of Nutrition Biology, School of Interdisciplinary & Applied Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, Mahendergarh, Haryana, 123031, India
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Murti Y, Agrawal KK, Semwal BC, Singh S. Lead phytomolecules for gastroprotective drug development. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-022-00633-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wahabi S, Rtibi K, Abidi C, Tounsi H, Ouerghui A, Sebai H. Prophylactic Protective Action of Aqueous Extract of Green Oak Acorns on Ethanol-Induced Acute Injury to Rat Gastroduodenal Mucosa. J Med Food 2022; 25:303-312. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soumaya Wahabi
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Kaïs Rtibi
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Chaima Abidi
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Haifa Tounsi
- Laboratory of Human and Experimental Pathological Anatomy, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abid Ouerghui
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
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Li W, Cao J, Wang X, Zhang Y, Sun Q, Jiang Y, Yao J, Li C, Wang Y, Wang W. Ferruginol Restores SIRT1-PGC-1α-Mediated Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Fatty Acid Oxidation for the Treatment of DOX-Induced Cardiotoxicity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:773834. [PMID: 34899332 PMCID: PMC8652228 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.773834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Doxorubicin (DOX), a broad-spectrum chemotherapy drug, has life-threatening cardiotoxicity. Therefore, searching cardioprotective drugs for DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) is urgently needed. Objectives: This study aimed to explore cardioprotective effect and specific mechanism by which Ferruginol (FGL) attenuated DIC in vivo and in vitro. Methods: We evaluated the cardioprotection of FGL and performed high-throughput RNA-Seq on a DIC mouse. Whereafter, multiple methods, including western blot, RT-qPCR, a transmission electron microscope, CO-IP, immunofluorescence, and other staining methods, and antagonist of SIRT1 and PGC-1α were utilized to confirm the cardioprotection and molecular mechanism of FGL. Results: FGL-exerted cardioprotection manifested as enhanced cardiac function and reduced structural damage and apoptosis. The transcriptome and other results revealed that FGL facilitated PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation (MB and FAO) by increasing the expression of PGC-1α and concurrently promoting the expression of SIRT1-enhancing deacetylase SIRT1 deacetylating and activating PGC-1α. Conclusions: These results documented that FGL exerted cardioprotective effects restoring MB&FAO via the SIRT1–PGC-1α axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Cao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qianbin Sun
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junkai Yao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Siwe GT, Maharjan R, Amang AP, Mezui C, Zondegoumba NE, Enow-Orock GE, Choudhary MI, Tan PV. Eremomastax speciosa (Hochst.) Cufod. counteracts the delaying effect of indomethacin on Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic gastric ulcers healing. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 279:114374. [PMID: 34181961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Information collected from local traditional healers reported that Eremomastax speciosa (Hochst.) Cufod. has for a long time been used to manage gastric ulcers in many regions of Cameroon and beyond. This traditional use is supported by numerous studies. However, efficacy of this plant has never been tested in case of chronic gastric ulcers associating Helicobacter pylori infection. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to investigate curative effects of the aqueous extract of E. speciosa leaves (AEESL) against chronic gastric ulcers associated to Helicobacter pylori infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two experimental methods of chronic gastric ulcers, involving H. pylori infection, were performed using Wistar rats, namely: acetic acid-induced ulcers and "unhealed ulcers". E. speciosa extract was tested at three doses (100; 200; 400 mg/kg) and at the end of experiments, some in vivo antioxidant parameters were measured, bacterial load in stomach tissue calculated and histopathological examinations performed. RESULTS E. speciosa reduced ulcer index at all the doses and significantly increased mucus production as well as antioxidant (mainly SOD and GSH) level. Bacterial load in stomach significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in extract-treated groups (200 and 400 mg/kg) as confirmed by histopathological observations. The extract was found to be non toxic to healthy and cancerous cells (IC50 > 1000 μg/mL). CONCLUSIONS E. speciosa accelerated healing of gastric ulcers even in presence of indomethacin, while decreasing bacterial loads in rats' stomachs. These results provide supplementary support to the use of E. speciosa in ethnomedicine and open new perspectives regarding development of a herbal-based monotherapy able to efficiently replace/supplement standard antiulcer tri/quadritherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Tchokomeni Siwe
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, P.O. Box 75270, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Rukesh Maharjan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, P.O. Box 75270, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - André Perfusion Amang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Christophe Mezui
- Department of Animal Biology, Higher Teacher Training College, ENS, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - George Enonchong Enow-Orock
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, P.O. Box 75270, Karachi, Pakistan; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paul Vernyuy Tan
- Department of Animal Biology & Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Wang X, Cao G, Ding D, Li F, Zhao X, Wang J, Yang Y. Ferruginol prevents degeneration of dopaminergic neurons by enhancing clearance of α-synuclein in neuronal cells. Fitoterapia 2021; 156:105066. [PMID: 34678438 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.105066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lewy bodies are characteristic spherical inclusions in Parkinson's disease (PD) that are formed by α-synuclein fibrils. Ferruginol (Fer) is an amonomeric compound isolated from a traditional Chinese herb. Here, we show that Fer exerted potent neuroprotective effects in both in vitro and in vivo PD models. Neuronal cells transfected with A53T mutant (A53T) α-synuclein plasmids and treated with Fer exhibited attenuated the cytotoxicity induced by pathogenic A53T α-synuclein overexpression. Further, when we transfected neuronal cells with siRNA-SNCA (alpha-synuclein) plasmids and incubated them with Fer, the protective role of Fer decreased. We also found that Fer was a potent α-synuclein inhibitor in neuronal cells, which promotes the clearance of αsynuclein in dopaminergic neurons exposed to 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP +). Fer could inhibit abnormal α-synuclein aggregation and dopaminergic neuron depletion in A53T-Tg mice, suggesting that a role for Fer in α-synuclein accumulation and nigrostriatal pathway injury. Our study revealed that Fer strongly alleviated neurodegeneration by promoting α-synuclein clearance, indicating a neuroprotective role against α-synuclein oligomer-induced neurodegeneration, which makes it a promising candidate for the treatment of PD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Guiyun Cao
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Dongyi Ding
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Fei Li
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xuesong Zhao
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiahua Wang
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Sisay W, Andargie Y, Molla M, Norahun A. Hydromethanolic Crude Extract of the Leaf of Urtica simensis Hochst. ex. A. Rich. (Urticaceae) Acquires Appreciable Antiulcer Effect: Validation for In Vivo Antiulcer Activity. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:6591070. [PMID: 34335831 PMCID: PMC8318768 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6591070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urtica simensis has been used for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease in Ethiopian folkloric medicine by drinking its juice after boiling the semicrushed leaf. To our latest understanding, no in vivo study was available regarding its antiulcer activity. The present study was done to appraise the ulcer-protective and ulcer healing activity of hydromethanolic crude extract of leaf of U. simensis in rats. METHODS Preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening and oral acute toxicity were carried out using a standard protocol. To validate U. simensis in vivo antiulcer potential pyloric ligature, cold restraint stress and acetic acid-induced ulcer models were employed. The extracts (100, 200, and 400 mg per kg of body weight per day), standard treatment (omeprazole 20 mg/kg/day), and vehicle (distilled water 10 ml/kg/day) were given to treatment, positive, and negative controls by oral gavage, respectively. Parameters were then evaluated accordingly after the humane scarification of rats. RESULTS Any sign of toxicity was not observed in the oral acute toxicity test. The crude extracts exerted a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition of ulcer risk compared to the negative control. In the pylorus ligation-induced ulcer model, its antisecretory activity was in a dose-dependent manner. The highest gastroprotective effect (67.68%) was exhibited by the 400 mg/kg/day dose of 80% methanolic crude extract. Regarding the chronic ulcer model, treatment at a dosage of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day cures ulcers by 33.54%, 58.33%, and 67.07%, respectively, as compared to the negative control groups remarkably. CONCLUSION The findings of the present study confirmed the safety and a promising in vivo ulcer healing and antiulcerogenic activity of U. simensis, thus supporting the traditional claim. In-depth investigations on the plant, however, are highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woretaw Sisay
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Yared Andargie
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Molla
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Alefe Norahun
- Department of Pharmacy, Teda Health Science College, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Baker DA. Plants against Helicobacter pylori to combat resistance: An ethnopharmacological review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 26:e00470. [PMID: 32477900 PMCID: PMC7248673 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is regarded as the major etiological agent of peptic ulcer and gastric carcinoma. Claiming about 50 percent of the world population is infected with H. pylori while therapies for its eradication have failed because of many reasons including the acquired resistance against its antibiotics. Hence, the need to find new anti-H.pylori medications has become a hotspot with the urge of searching for alternative, more potent and safer inhibitors. In the recent drug technology scenario, medicinal plants are suggested as repositories for novel synthetic substances. Hitherto, is considered as ecofriendly, simple, more secure, easy, quick, and less toxic traditional treatment technique. This review is to highlight the anti-H. pylori medicinal plants, secondary metabolites and their mode of action with the aim of documenting such plants before they are effected by cultures and traditions that is expected as necessity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doha Abou Baker
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Dept., Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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13
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Andean Prumnopitys Andina (Podocarpacae) Fruit Extracts: Characterization of Secondary Metabolites and Potential Cytoprotective Effect. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224028. [PMID: 31703314 PMCID: PMC6891447 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The fruits from the Chilean Podocarpaceae Prumnopitys andina have been consumed since pre-Hispanic times. Little is known about the composition and biological properties of this fruit. The aim of this work was to identify the secondary metabolites of the edible part of P. andina fruits and to assess their antioxidant activity by means of chemical and cell-based assays. Methanol extracts from P. andina fruits were fractionated on a XAD7 resin and the main compounds were isolated by chromatographic means. Antioxidant activity was determined by means of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), ferric reducing power (FRAP), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays. The cytoprotective activity of the extract against oxidative and dicarbonyl stress was evaluated in human gastric epithelial cells (AGS). The total intracellular antioxidant activity (TAA) of the extract was determined in AGS cells. The inhibition of meat lipoperoxidation was evaluated under simulated gastric digestion conditions. Rutin, caffeic acid β-glucoside and 20-hydroxyecdysone were identified as major components of the fruit extract. Additional compounds were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography diode-array detector mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MSn) and/or co-injection with standards. Extracts showed dose-dependent cytoprotective effects against oxidative and dicarbonyl-induced damage in AGS cells. The TAA increased with the pre-incubation of AGS cells with the extract. This is the first report on the composition and biological activity of this Andean fruit.
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Abstract
Background:
Peptic ulcer is a deep gastrointestinal erosion disorder that involves
the entire mucosal thickness and can even penetrate the muscular mucosa. Nowadays, several
plants and compounds derived from it have been screened for their antiulcer activity. In
the last few years, there has been an exponential growth in the field of herbal medicine. This
field has gained popularity in both developing and developed countries because of their natural
origin and less side effects.
Objective:
This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of currently available
knowledge of medicinal plants and phytoconstituents reported for their anti-ulcer properties.
Methods:
The worldwide accepted database like SCOPUS, PUBMED, SCIELO, NISCAIR,
ScienceDirect, Springerlink, Web of Science, Wiley, SciFinder and Google Scholar were
used to retrieve available published literature.
Results:
A comprehensive review of the present paper is an attempt to list the plants with
antiulcer activity. The review narrates the dire need to explore potential chemical moieties
that exert an antiulcer effect, from unexploited traditional plants. Furthermore, the present
study reveals the intense requirement to exploit the exact mechanism through which either
the plant extracts or their active constituents exhibit their antiulcer properties.
Conclusion:
This article is the compilation of the plants and its constituents reported for the
treatment of peptic ulcers. The Comprehensive data will surely attract the number of investigators
to initiate further research that might lead to the drugs for the treatment of ulcers. As
sufficient scientific data is not available on plants, most of the herbals cannot be recommended
for the treatment of diseases. This can be achieved by research on pure chemical
structures derived from plants or to prepare new lead compounds with proven beneficial
preclinical in vitro and in vivo effects. However, a lot remains to be done in further investigations
for the better status of medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minky Mukhija
- Ch. Devi Lal College of Pharmacy, Buria Road, Bhagwangarh, Jagadhri-135003, India
| | - Bhuwan Chandra Joshi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sardar Bhagwan Singh Post Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research, Balawala, Dehradun-248001, India
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15
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Du H, Kuang TT, Qiu S, Xu T, Gang Huan CL, Fan G, Zhang Y. Fecal medicines used in traditional medical system of China: a systematic review of their names, original species, traditional uses, and modern investigations. Chin Med 2019; 14:31. [PMID: 31528199 PMCID: PMC6743172 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-019-0253-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In China, the medical use of fecal matter (fresh fecal suspension or dry feces) can be dated back to the fourth century, approximately 1700 years ago. In long-term clinical practice, Chinese doctors have accumulated unique and invaluable medical experience in the use of fecal materials. In view of their good curative effect and medicinal potential, fecal medicines should be paid much attention. This study aimed to provide the first comprehensive data compilation of fecal medicines used in various Chinese traditional medical systems by bibliographic investigation of 31 medicine monographs and standards. A total of 54 fecal medicines were found to be used in 14 traditional Chinese medical systems. Their names, original species, medicinal forms, and traditional uses were described in detail. These fecal medicines were commonly used to treat gastrointestinal, nervous system, skin, and gynecological diseases. Commonly used fecal medicines include Wu-Ling-Zhi, Jiu-Fen and Hei-Bing-Pian. The information summarized in this study can provide a good reference for the development and utilization of fecal medicines. Further studies are necessary to prove their medicinal value, identify their active ingredients, and elucidate their mechanisms of action so that more people can accept these special medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Du
- 1School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Ting-Ting Kuang
- 2School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- 3School of Foreign Language, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Tong Xu
- 2School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Chen-Lei Gang Huan
- 2School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Gang Fan
- 2School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Yi Zhang
- 2School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137 China
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16
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MEIm XD, Cao YF, Che YY, Li J, Shang ZP, Zhao WJ, Qiao YJ, Zhang JY. Danshen: a phytochemical and pharmacological overview. Chin J Nat Med 2019; 17:59-80. [PMID: 30704625 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(19)30010-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Danshen, the dried root or rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., is a traditional and folk medicine in Asian countries, especially in China and Japan. In this review, we summarized the recent researches of Danshen in traditional uses and preparations, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities and side effects. A total of 201 compounds from Danshen have been reported, including lipophilic diterpenoids, water-soluble phenolic acids, and other constituents, which have showed various pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, anti-atherogenesis, and anti-diabetes. This article intends to provide novel insight information for further development of Danshen, which could be of great value to its improvement of utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dan MEIm
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yan-Feng Cao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yan-Yun Che
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Zhan-Peng Shang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yan-Jiang Qiao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Jia-Yu Zhang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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17
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Zolezzi JM, Lindsay CB, Serrano FG, Ureta RC, Theoduloz C, Schmeda-Hirschmann G, Inestrosa NC. Neuroprotective Effects of Ferruginol, Jatrophone, and Junicedric Acid Against Amyloid-β Injury in Hippocampal Neurons. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 63:705-723. [PMID: 29660932 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers have been recognized as early neurotoxic intermediates with a key role in the synaptic dysfunction observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ oligomers block hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and impair rodent spatial memory. Additionally, the presence of Aβ oligomers is associated with imbalanced intracellular calcium levels and apoptosis in neurons. In this context, we evaluated the effects of three diterpenes (ferruginol, jatrophone, and junicedric acid) that are found in medicinal plants and have several forms of biological activity. The intracellular calcium levels in hippocampal neurons increased in the presence of ferruginol, jatrophone, and junicedric acid, a result that was consistent with the observed increase in CA1 synaptic transmission in mouse hippocampal slices. Additionally, assays using Aβ peptide demonstrated that diterpenes, particularly ferruginol, restore LTP and reduce apoptosis. Recovery of the Aβ oligomer-induced loss of the synaptic proteins PSD-95, synapsin, VGlut, and NMDA receptor subunit 2A was observed in mouse hippocampal slices treated with junicedric acid. This cascade of events may be associated with the regulation of kinases, e.g., protein kinase C (PKC) and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), in addition to the activation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway and could thus provide protection against Aβ oligomers, which trigger synaptic dysfunction. Our results suggest a potential neuroprotective role for diterpenes against the Aβ oligomers-induced neurodegenerative alterations, which make them interesting molecules to be further studied in the context of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Zolezzi
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Carolina B Lindsay
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe G Serrano
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roxana C Ureta
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristina Theoduloz
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Nibaldo C Inestrosa
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center of Healthy Brain Aging, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
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18
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Sistani Karampour N, Arzi A, Rezaie A, Pashmforoosh M, Kordi F. Gastroprotective Effect of Zingerone on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2019; 55:E64. [PMID: 30862060 PMCID: PMC6473471 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55030064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Zingerone is an ingredient of ginger (Zingiber officinale) with different pharmacological activities. Several studies have investigated the effect of zingerone on various gastrointestinal diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome and diarrhea. This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of zingerone on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Materials and Methods: Gastric ulcers were induced by ethanol (96%, 5 mL/kg, po) in male wistar rats and zingerone (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) was administrated orally. Normal saline and ranitidine were used as negative and positive control, respectively. In this study, the number and length of ulcers, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in stomach tissues were determined. Results: The findings showed that the mean number and length of gastric ulcers were significantly lower in zingerone-received groups than ethanol group (P < 0.05). The level of malondialdehyde was decreased in the stomach of zingerone groups (P < 0.05) compared to the ethanol group. In addition, zingerone treatment prevented the decrease of nitric oxide level by ethanol in the stomach tissue. Conclusions: The present study showed that zingerone has a protective effect on the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer, which may be due to its free radical scavenging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Sistani Karampour
- Department of Pharmacology, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 6135715794, Iran.
| | - Ardeshir Arzi
- Department of Pharmacology, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 6135715794, Iran.
| | - Anahita Rezaie
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 6135783151, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Pashmforoosh
- Department of Pharmacology, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 6135715794, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Kordi
- Department of Pharmacology, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 6135715794, Iran.
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19
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Gastroprotective Effects of Pistacia atlantica Extract on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.13635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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20
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Stobiecka A. A DFT Study on the Radical-Scavenging Properties of Ferruginol-Type Diterpenes. FOOD BIOPHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11483-018-9550-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Selmi S, Rtibi K, Grami D, Sebai H, Marzouki L. Protective effects of orange (Citrus sinensis L.) peel aqueous extract and hesperidin on oxidative stress and peptic ulcer induced by alcohol in rat. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:152. [PMID: 28806973 PMCID: PMC5556677 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0546-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Massive alcohol drinking can lead to gastric ulcer. In the present study we investigated the gastroprotective effect of Citrus sinensis peel aqueous extract (CSPE) and Hesperidin (H) in ethanol (EtOH) induced oxidative stress and peptic ulcer in rats. METHODS Seventy adult male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups of 10 each: control, EtOH (4 g/kg b.w.), EtOH + various doses of CSPE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, b.w.), EtOH + Hesperidin (50 mg/kg, p.o.) and EtOH + Omeprazole (OM, 20 mg/kg, p.o.). Animals were perorally (p.o.) pre-treated with CSPE during 15 days and intoxicated with a single oral administration of EtOH (4 g/kg b.w.) during 2 h. Gastric ulcer was induced in rats with a single dose of ethanol (EtOH). Ulcer index, gene expression of gastric cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), malondialdhyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide H2O2 and Thiol groups (-SH) content in stomach and antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and gluthation peroxidise (GPx) were measured. Furthermore, histopathological examinations were performed. RESULTS The results showed that ethanol induced gastric damage, improving oxidative stress markers level such as MDA (121 ± 4.45 nmol/mg proteins) and H2O2 (24.62 ± 1.04 μmol/mg proteins), increased pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α level), as well as the expression of COX-2 in the ethanol group. However, a significant depletion of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were observed, such as, GPx (72%), SOD (57.5%), CAT (41.6%) and -SH (50%). The lesions were associated with severe histopathological damage. The both Citrus sinensis peel aqueous extract (CSPE) and hesperidin significantly protect against all gastric damages caused by ethanol administration in rats. CONCLUSIONS We propose that CSPE and hesperidin exhibit protective effects in EtOH-induced peptic ulcer in rat. This protection might be related in to part its antioxidant properties as well as its opposite effects on some studied intracellular mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slimen Selmi
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Laboratory Functional Physiology and Bio-resources Valorisation, University of Jendouba, Avenue Habib Bourguiba, BP, 382, 9000, Beja, Tunisia.
| | - Kais Rtibi
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Laboratory Functional Physiology and Bio-resources Valorisation, University of Jendouba, Avenue Habib Bourguiba, BP, 382, 9000, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Dhekra Grami
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Laboratory Functional Physiology and Bio-resources Valorisation, University of Jendouba, Avenue Habib Bourguiba, BP, 382, 9000, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Laboratory Functional Physiology and Bio-resources Valorisation, University of Jendouba, Avenue Habib Bourguiba, BP, 382, 9000, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Lamjed Marzouki
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Laboratory Functional Physiology and Bio-resources Valorisation, University of Jendouba, Avenue Habib Bourguiba, BP, 382, 9000, Beja, Tunisia
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Quantification of Barbatusin and 3 β-Hydroxy-3-deoxybarbatusin in Plectranthus Species by HPLC-DAD. Int J Anal Chem 2017; 2017:2397131. [PMID: 28757871 PMCID: PMC5512052 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2397131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The concentration of diterpenes barbatusin (1) and 3β-hydroxy-3-deoxybarbatusin (2) in the extracts from leaves of Plectranthus grandis, P. barbatus, P. ornatus, and P. amboinicus was evaluated by HPLC-DAD analysis on a Luna C-18 column, using isocratic mixtures of water and acetonitrile as eluents. The regression equations were obtained with good linearity (r2 > 0.99) and limit of quantifications was higher than 0.1 µg/mL. The precision (lower than 3.5%, within day) and accuracy (higher than 81.7% and lower than 107.6%) of the methods were adequate. Barbatusin (1) was detected in P. grandis (15.432 ± 2.28 mg/g) and P. barbatus (5.198 ± 3.45 mg/g) extracts, while compound 2 was detected in P. grandis (4.068 ± 3.34 mg/g), P. barbatus (0.654 ± 5.86 mg/g), P. amboinicus (0.160 ± 7.25 mg/g), and P. ornatus (0.763 ± 5.10 mg/g). The evaluated validation parameters were satisfactorily achieved, and the developed methodology represents a suitable tool for application in the quantification of barbatusin (1) and 3β-hydroxy-3-deoxybarbatusin (2) in Plectranthus species.
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El-Meligy RM, Awaad AS, Soliman GA, Kenawy SA, Alqasoumi SI. Prophylactic and curative anti-ulcerogenic activity and the possible mechanisms of action of some desert plants. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:387-396. [PMID: 28344494 PMCID: PMC5357099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-ulcerogenic activities and the possible mechanisms of action of seven desert plants from different families. Conyza dioscoridis (L.) Desf. (Asteraceae), Euphorbia hirta L. (Euphorpiaceae), Origanum syriacum L., Salvia lanigera L. (Lamiaceae), Sisymbrium irio L., Solanum nigrum Linn. (Solanaceae) and Solenostemma arghel (Del.) Hayne. (Asclepiadaceae), were tested using prophylactic and curative models of absolute ethanol-induced ulcer, at three doses (125, 250 & 500 mg/kg) of each extract. The investigated extracts possessed dose dependent anti-ulcerogenic activities in both models, with LD50 higher than 5 g/kg. The most effective extracts were C. dioscoridis and S. irio with percent protection of control ulcer; 91.1% and 85.4% respectively. The antisecretory activity of both C. dioscoridis and S. irio appears to be mainly related to the suppression of gastrin release. The in vitro potential radical (DPPH) scavenging activities of the investigated extracts were well supported with the reduction in gastric MDA (50.6% and 43.3%) and enhancing the level of reduced GSH (2.84, 2.59 mg/g tissue) for C. dioscoridis and S. irio respectively. In addition, suppression of the inflammatory mediator TNF-α may be one of the possible mechanisms of action. The alcohol extracts of C. dioscoridis and S. irio showed no alteration on liver and kidney functions. Phytochemical screening of the investigated extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins and sterols which could be related to the activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham M El-Meligy
- Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amani S Awaad
- Department Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A Soliman
- Pharmacology Dept., College of Pharmacy, Al-Kharj University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanaa A Kenawy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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Jabri MA, Rtibi K, Tounsi H, Hosni K, Marzouki L, Sakly M, Sebai H. Fatty acid composition and mechanisms of the protective effects of myrtle berry seed aqueous extract in alcohol-induced peptic ulcer in rat. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 95:510-521. [PMID: 28134570 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the antiulcer and antioxidant activities of myrtle berry seed aqueous extract (MBSAE) in a peptic ulcer model induced by ethanol in male Wistar rats. MBSAE is rich in total polyphenols, total flavonoids, and unsaturated fatty acids, particularly linoleic (18:2) and oleic (18:1) acids. MBSAE also exhibited in vitro antioxidant activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (IC50 = 172.1 μg/mL) and superoxide anion (IC50 = 200.24 μg/mL) scavenging activities. In vivo, MBSAE provided dose-dependent protection against ethanol-induced gastric and duodenal macroscopic and histological alterations. Also, it inhibited secretory profile disturbances and lipid peroxidation, and preserved normal antioxidant enzyme activities and nonenzymatic antioxidant levels. More importantly, we showed that acute alcohol intoxication increased gastric and duodenal calcium, hydrogen peroxide, and free iron levels, whereas MBSAE treatment protected against intracellular mediator deregulation. In conclusion, we suggest that MBSAE has potent protective effects against alcohol-induced peptic ulcer in rat. This protection might be related in part to its antioxidant properties as well as its opposite effects on some studied intracellular mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Amine Jabri
- a Laboratoire de Physiologie Intégrée, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Université de Carthage, Tunisia.,b Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, Avenue Habib Bourguiba - B.P. 382 - 9000 Béja, Tunisia
| | - Kais Rtibi
- b Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, Avenue Habib Bourguiba - B.P. 382 - 9000 Béja, Tunisia
| | - Haifa Tounsi
- c Laboratoire d'anatomie pathologique humaine et expérimentale, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, Place Pasteur, Tunis 1002, BP-74, Tunisia
| | - Karim Hosni
- d Laboratoire des substances naturelles, Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-chimique, Sidi Thabet, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Lamjed Marzouki
- b Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, Avenue Habib Bourguiba - B.P. 382 - 9000 Béja, Tunisia
| | - Mohsen Sakly
- a Laboratoire de Physiologie Intégrée, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Université de Carthage, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- a Laboratoire de Physiologie Intégrée, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Université de Carthage, Tunisia.,b Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, Avenue Habib Bourguiba - B.P. 382 - 9000 Béja, Tunisia
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Topical Anti-inflammatory Activity of New Hybrid Molecules of Terpenes and Synthetic Drugs. Molecules 2015; 20:11219-35. [PMID: 26096431 PMCID: PMC6272242 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200611219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess changes in the activity of anti-inflammatory terpenes from Chilean medicinal plants after the formation of derivatives incorporating synthetic anti-inflammatory agents. Ten new hybrid molecules were synthesized combining terpenes (ferruginol (1), imbricatolic acid (2) and oleanolic acid (3)) with ibuprofen (4) or naproxen (5). The topical anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds was assessed in mice by the arachidonic acid (AA) and 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) induced ear edema assays. Basal cytotoxicity was determined towards human lung fibroblasts, gastric epithelial cells and hepatocytes. At 1.4 µmol/mouse, a strong anti-inflammatory effect in the TPA assay was observed for oleanoyl ibuprofenate 12 (79.9%) and oleanoyl ibuprofenate methyl ester 15 (80.0%). In the AA assay, the best activity was observed for 12 at 3.2 µmol/mouse, with 56.8% reduction of inflammation, in the same range as nimesulide (48.9%). All the terpenyl-synthetic anti-inflammatory hybrids showed better effects in the TPA assay, with best activity for 6, 12 and 15. The cytotoxicity of the compounds 8 and 10 with a free COOH, was higher than that of 2. The derivatives from 3 were less toxic than the triterpene. Several of the new compounds presented better anti-inflammatory effect and lower cytotoxicity than the parent terpenes.
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Božić D, Papaefthimiou D, Brückner K, de Vos RCH, Tsoleridis CA, Katsarou D, Papanikolaou A, Pateraki I, Chatzopoulou FM, Dimitriadou E, Kostas S, Manzano D, Scheler U, Ferrer A, Tissier A, Makris AM, Kampranis SC, Kanellis AK. Towards Elucidating Carnosic Acid Biosynthesis in Lamiaceae: Functional Characterization of the Three First Steps of the Pathway in Salvia fruticosa and Rosmarinus officinalis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124106. [PMID: 26020634 PMCID: PMC4447455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosic acid (CA) is a phenolic diterpene with anti-tumour, anti-diabetic, antibacterial and neuroprotective properties that is produced by a number of species from several genera of the Lamiaceae family, including Salvia fruticosa (Cretan sage) and Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary). To elucidate CA biosynthesis, glandular trichome transcriptome data of S. fruticosa were mined for terpene synthase genes. Two putative diterpene synthase genes, namely SfCPS and SfKSL, showing similarities to copalyl diphosphate synthase and kaurene synthase-like genes, respectively, were isolated and functionally characterized. Recombinant expression in Escherichia coli followed by in vitro enzyme activity assays confirmed that SfCPS is a copalyl diphosphate synthase. Coupling of SfCPS with SfKSL, both in vitro and in yeast, resulted in the synthesis miltiradiene, as confirmed by 1D and 2D NMR analyses (1H, 13C, DEPT, COSY H-H, HMQC and HMBC). Coupled transient in vivo assays of SfCPS and SfKSL in Nicotiana benthamiana further confirmed production of miltiradiene in planta. To elucidate the subsequent biosynthetic step, RNA-Seq data of S. fruticosa and R. officinalis were searched for cytochrome P450 (CYP) encoding genes potentially involved in the synthesis of the first phenolic compound in the CA pathway, ferruginol. Three candidate genes were selected, SfFS, RoFS1 and RoFS2. Using yeast and N. benthamiana expression systems, all three where confirmed to be coding for ferruginol synthases, thus revealing the enzymatic activities responsible for the first three steps leading to CA in two Lamiaceae genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Božić
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Papaefthimiou
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kathleen Brückner
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ric C. H. de Vos
- Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Constantinos A. Tsoleridis
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Katsarou
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antigoni Papanikolaou
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Irini Pateraki
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Vallés, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fani M. Chatzopoulou
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Dimitriadou
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stefanos Kostas
- Laboratory of Floriculture, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - David Manzano
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Vallés, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ulschan Scheler
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Albert Ferrer
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Vallés, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alain Tissier
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Antonios M. Makris
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thermi Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sotirios C. Kampranis
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, 710 03 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Angelos K. Kanellis
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Peptic ulcers are open sores or erosions in the lining of either the duodenum (duodenal ulcers) or the stomach (gastric ulcers). Peptic ulcer, which is mainly caused by bacterial attack or excess of acid secretion, can be cured effectively by these isolated plant compounds. In this present scenario, demand for herbal medicines are increasing due to easy availability in surrounding place at low cost. This review article is all about such isolated plant compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids. Various plants have been used as folk medicine by the people of rural area, which shows significant effect against peptic ulcer. Further study should be conducted upon these herbal plants because there is possibility for minimising the adverse effect caused by the present antiulcer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parag Jain
- a Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya , Koni, Bilaspur , Chhattisgarh 495009 , India
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Pinheiro MDA, Magalhães RM, Torres DM, Cavalcante RC, Mota FSX, Oliveira Coelho EMA, Moreira HP, Lima GC, Araújo PCDC, Cardoso JHL, de Souza ANC, Diniz LRL. Gastroprotective effect of alpha-pinene and its correlation with antiulcerogenic activity of essential oils obtained from Hyptis species. Pharmacogn Mag 2015; 11:123-30. [PMID: 25709221 PMCID: PMC4329611 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.149725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Alpha-pinene (α-pinene) is a monoterpene commonly found in essential oils with gastroprotective activity obtained from diverse medicinal plants, including Hyptis species. The genus Hyptis (lamiaceae) consists of almost 400 species widespread in tropical and temperate regions of America. In the north and northeastern Brazil, some Hyptis species are used in traditional medicine to treat gastrointestinal disturbances. Objective: The present study has investigated the gastoprotective effect of purified α-pinene in experimental gastric ulcer induced by ethanol and indomethacin in mice. Materials and Methods: Gastric ulcers were induced in male Swiss mice (20-30 g) by oral administration of absolute ethanol or indomethacin 45 min after oral pretreatment with vehicle, standard control drugs or α-pinene (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg). One hour after the ulcerative challenges, the stomach were removed, and gastric lesions areas measured. The effects of α-pinene on the gastric juice acidity were determined by pylorus ligation model. The gastrointestinal motility and mucus depletion were determined by measuring the gastric levels of phenol red and alcian blue, respectively. Hematoxylin and eosin stained sections of gastric mucosa of the experimental groups were used for histology analysis. Results: α-pinene pretreatment inhibited ethanol-induced gastric lesions, reduced volume and acidity of the gastric juice and increased gastric wall mucus (P < 0.05). Furthermore, we showed an interesting correlation between concentration of α-pinene and gastroprotective effect of Hyptis species (P Pearson = 0.98). Conclusion: Our data showed that the α-pinene exhibited significant antiulcerogenic activity and a great correlation between concentration of α-pinene and gastroprotective effect of Hyptis species was also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo de Almeida Pinheiro
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Centro Universitário Unichristus, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Rafael Matos Magalhães
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Centro Universitário Unichristus, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Danielle Mesquita Torres
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Centro Universitário Unichristus, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Cardoso Cavalcante
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Centro Universitário Unichristus, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Henrique Pires Moreira
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Centro Universitário Unichristus, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Glauber Cruz Lima
- Department of Physiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - José Henrique Leal Cardoso
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Centro Universitário Unichristus, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Lúcio Ricardo Leite Diniz
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Centro Universitário Unichristus, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Saijo H, Kofujita H, Takahashi K, Ashitani T. Antioxidant activity and mechanism of the abietane-type diterpene ferruginol. Nat Prod Res 2015; 29:1739-43. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.997233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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González MA. Aromatic abietane diterpenoids: their biological activity and synthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2015; 32:684-704. [DOI: 10.1039/c4np00110a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the biological properties of abietane-type diterpenoids with an aromatic C ring are reviewed. The review contains about 160 references.
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Bi WP, Man HB, Man MQ. Efficacy and safety of herbal medicines in treating gastric ulcer: A review. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:17020-17028. [PMID: 25493014 PMCID: PMC4258570 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i45.17020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric ulcer is a common disorder of the digestive system. Current therapeutic regimens largely rely on Western medicine. However, numerous studies have demonstrated that herbal medicines can effectively treat gastric ulcer in humans and various animal models via divergent mechanisms. This review updates the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines in treating gastric ulcer, and the mechanisms of their action in humans and animal models. Studies have demonstrated that the efficacy of herbal medicines is comparable or superior to that of drugs such as omeprazole or cimetidine in humans and animal models, and herbal medicines display fewer adverse effects. The mechanisms by which herbal medicines benefit gastric ulcer include stimulation of mucous cell proliferation, anti-oxidation, and inhibition of gastric acid secretion and H(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity. Some herbal medicines also exhibit antimicrobial properties. Utilization of herbal medicines could be a valuable alternative to treat gastric ulcer in humans effectively, with few adverse effects.
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González MA. Synthetic derivatives of aromatic abietane diterpenoids and their biological activities. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 87:834-42. [PMID: 25440884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring aromatic abietane diterpenoids (dehydroabietanes) exhibit a wide range of biological activities. A number of synthetic studies aimed at modifying the abietane skeleton in order to obtain new potential chemotherapeutic agents have been reported. In this study, the biological activities of synthetic derivatives of aromatic abietane diterpenoids are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A González
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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González MA, Clark J, Connelly M, Rivas F. Antimalarial activity of abietane ferruginol analogues possessing a phthalimide group. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:5234-7. [PMID: 25316317 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The abietane-type diterpenoid (+)-ferruginol, a bioactive compound isolated from New Zealand's Miro tree (Podocarpus ferruginea), displays relevant pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial, cardioprotective, anti-oxidative, anti-plasmodial, leishmanicidal, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer. Herein, we demonstrate that ferruginol (1) and some phthalimide containing analogues 2-12 have potential antimalarial activity. The compounds were evaluated against malaria strains 3D7 and K1, and cytotoxicity was measured against a mammalian cell line panel. A promising lead, compound 3, showed potent activity with an EC50 = 86 nM (3D7 strain), 201 nM (K1 strain) and low cytotoxicity in mammalian cells (SI>290). Some structure-activity relationships have been identified for the antimalarial activity in these abietane analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A González
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Julie Clark
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Michele Connelly
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Fatima Rivas
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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Gastroprotective mechanisms of action of semisynthetic carnosic acid derivatives in human cells. Molecules 2014; 19:581-94. [PMID: 24399049 PMCID: PMC6270983 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19010581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosic acid (CA) and its semisynthetic derivatives display relevant gastroprotective effects on HCl/ethanol induced gastric lesions in mice. However, little is known on the mechanisms of action of the new compounds. The aim of the present work was to assess the gastroprotective action mechanisms of CA and its derivatives using human cell culture models. A human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (AGS) and lung fibroblasts (MRC-5) were used to reveal the possible mechanisms involved. The ability of the compounds to protect cells against sodium taurocholate (NaT)-induced damage, and to increase the cellular reduced glutathione (GSH) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) content was determined using AGS cells. Stimulation of cell proliferation was studied employing MRC-5 fibroblasts. Carnosic acid and its derivatives 10–18 raised GSH levels in AGS cells. While CA did not increase the PGE2 content in AGS cells, all derivatives significantly stimulated PGE2 synthesis, the best effect being found for the 12-O-indolebutyrylmethylcarnosate 13. A significant increase in MRC-5 fibroblast proliferation was observed for the derivatives 7 and 16–18. The antioxidant effect of the compounds was assessed by the inhibition of lipid peroxidation in human erythrocyte membranes, scavenging of superoxide anion and DPPH discoloration assay. The new CA derivatives showed gastroprotective effects by different mechanisms, including protection against cell damage induced by NaT, increase in GSH content, stimulation of PGE2 synthesis and cell proliferation.
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Theoduloz C, Bravo I, Pertino MW, Schmeda-Hirschmann G. Diterpenylquinone hybrids: synthesis and assessment of gastroprotective mechanisms of action in human cells. Molecules 2013; 18:11044-66. [PMID: 24025455 PMCID: PMC6270338 DOI: 10.3390/molecules180911044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A modern approach in the search for new bioactive molecules is the synthesis of novel chemical entities combining molecules of different biosynthetic origin presenting biological effects as single compounds. Gastroprotective compounds from South American medicinal plants, namely quinones and diterpenes, were used as building blocks to obtain hybrid diterpenylquinones. Starting from the labdane diterpene junicedric acid and two isomers, as well as from three quinones, including lapachol, 18 hybrid molecules were synthesized. Six of them are described for the first time. The potential gastroprotective mechanisms of action of the compounds were assessed in dose-response experiments using human gastric epithelial cells (AGS) and human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5). The following studies were carried out: stimulation of cell proliferation, cytoprotection against sodium taurocholate (NaT)-induced damage, synthesis of PGE2 and total reduced sulfhydryl (GSH) content. The antioxidant capacity of the compounds was determined on the inhibition of the lipoperoxidation in human erythrocyte membranes. Hybrid compounds presented activities different from those shown by the starting compounds, supporting the potential of this approach in the search for new bioactive molecules. The effects might be modulated by selective modification in the terpene or quinone moieties of the new molecules. Structure-activity relationships are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Theoduloz
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, 3460000 Talca, Chile
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +56-71-2200-262; Fax: +56-71-2201-573
| | - Ivanna Bravo
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, 3460000 Talca, Chile; E-Mails: (I.B.); (M.W.P.); (G.S.-H.)
| | - Mariano Walter Pertino
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, 3460000 Talca, Chile; E-Mails: (I.B.); (M.W.P.); (G.S.-H.)
| | - Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, 3460000 Talca, Chile; E-Mails: (I.B.); (M.W.P.); (G.S.-H.)
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Gupta PC, Rao CV, Sharma N. Protective effect of standardized extract of Cleome viscosa against experimentally induced gastric lesions in the rat. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:595-600. [PMID: 23350708 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.753918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cleome viscosa Linn. (Capparidaceae) is used traditionally in the Indian system of medicine as a carminative, anthelmintic, and diuretic, and used for healing wounds, ulcers and diarrhea. OBJECTIVE A 70% ethanol (EtOH) extract of the aerial parts of Cleome viscosa extract (CVE) was investigated for gastroprotective activity in different gastric ulcer models in order to validate ethnobotanical claims regarding the plant use in ulcers. MATERIALS AND METHODS CVE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) was administered orally, twice daily for 5 d, for prevention from EtOH, pylorus ligation (PL) and cold restraint stress (CRS)-induced ulcers in rats. Estimation of H(+)K(+)ATPase activity and gastric wall mucous were performed in EtOH-induced ulcer, antioxidant enzyme activities in supernatant mitochondrial fraction of CRS-induced ulcer, and gastric secretion parameters were estimated in PL-induced ulcer model. RESULTS CVE showed significant (p < 0.01) dose-dependent inhibition of lesion index in EtOH 15.93-42.30%, PL 26.34-59.28% and CRS 22.58-54.03%, respectively. CVE prevents the oxidative damage of gastric mucosa by blocking lipid peroxidation and by a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in superoxide dismutase, and an increase in catalase activity. A significant (p < 0.01) decrease occurred in the level of H(+)K(+)ATPase, volume of gastric juice and total acidity. Simultaneously, the level of gastric wall mucus and pH were increased significantly (p < 0.05). High performance thin layer chromatography analysis showed the presence of quercetin and gallic acid (0.3% and 0.25% w/w, respectively) in CVE. CONCLUSIONS Results of our study showed that C. viscosa possesses significant gastroprotective activity, probably due to free radical scavenging activity, and validates the folklore claim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Chandra Gupta
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, India.
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Awaad AS, El-Meligy RM, Soliman GA. Natural products in treatment of ulcerative colitis and peptic ulcer. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Regulated expressions of MMP-2, -9 by diterpenoids from Euphorbia formosana Hayata. Molecules 2012; 17:2082-90. [PMID: 22354186 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17022082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new abietane type diterpenoids, namely seco-helioscopinolide (1) and 3b,7b-dihydroxy-ent-abieta-8,13-diene-12,16-olide (2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Euphorbia formosana Hayata together with helioscopinolide A (3), helioscopinolide B (4), helioscopinolide C (5) and ent-(5b,8a,9b,10a,12a)-12-hydroxyatis-16-ene-3,14-dione (6). The structures of compounds 1-6 were elucidated by analyzing their spectroscopic data and comparison with the literature. Further biological tests by gelatin zymographic analysis revealed that 3-5 significantly up-regulated the expressions and activation of MMP-2 and -9 in human fibrosarcoma cell line HT1080.
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Pertino MW, Theoduloz C, Palenzuela JA, del Mar Afonso M, Yesilada E, Monsalve F, González P, Droguett D, Schmeda-Hirschmann G. Synthesis and pharmacological activity of diterpenylnaphthoquinone derivatives. Molecules 2011; 16:8614-28. [PMID: 21996716 PMCID: PMC6264310 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16108614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Revised: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
New diterpenylquinones, combining a diterpene diacid and a naphthoquinone, were prepared from junicedric acid and lapachol. The new derivatives were assessed as gastroprotective agents by the HCl-EtOH-induced gastric lesions model in mice as well as for basal cytotoxicity on the following human cell lines: Normal lung fibroblasts (MRC-5), gastric epithelial adenocarcinoma (AGS), and hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep G2). Several of the new compounds were significantly active as antiulcer agents and showed selective cytotoxicity against AGS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Walter Pertino
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Cristina Theoduloz
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Jose Antonio Palenzuela
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio Gonzalez G., Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife 38206, Spain
| | - Maria del Mar Afonso
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio Gonzalez G., Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife 38206, Spain
| | - Erdem Yesilada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul 34755, Turkey
| | - Francisco Monsalve
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Paulo González
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Daniel Droguett
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +56-71-200288; Fax: + 56-71-201573
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Protective effect of Polyalthia longifolia var. pendula leaves on ethanol and ethanol/HCl induced ulcer in rats and its antimicrobial potency. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2011; 4:673-9. [DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(11)60172-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 06/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Caldas GFR, do Amaral Costa IM, da Silva JBR, da Nóbrega RF, Rodrigues FFG, da Costa JGM, Wanderley AG. Antiulcerogenic activity of the essential oil of Hyptis martiusii Benth. (Lamiaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:886-892. [PMID: 21774910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2010] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hyptis martiusii (Lamiaceae), popularly known as "cidreira-do-mato" or "cidreira-brava", grows in abundance in the Northeast region of Brazil, where its leaves are traditionally used in folk medicine in the treatment of intestinal and stomach diseases. The aim of this study was to characterize the chemical constituents and to evaluate the anti-ulcerogenic activity of the essential oil of the leaves of Hyptis martiusii (EOHM) in in vivo models of experimental ulcers in rodents. MATERIALS AND METHODS EOHM was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Acute gastric ulcer was induced using absolute ethanol, HCl/ethanol and indomethacin. The volume, pH and total acidity of gastric secretion were determined by the pyloric ligature method and gastrointestinal motility using gastric emptying and intestinal transit. RESULTS Chemical analysis revealed the presence of 24 components that account for 92.13% of the essential oil of dried leaves, indicating the occurrence of mono and sesquiterpenes. Oral administration of EOHM (100, 200 and 400mg/kg) inhibited ethanol-, HCl/ethanol- and indomethacin-induced ulcers. In the case of pylorus ligature, the oil reduced the volume of gastric juices and total acidity, and increased gastric pH. The EOHM reduced the rate of gastric emptying with only the highest doses, but did not show any effect on intestinal transit at any of the three doses. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that the essential oil of leaves of Hyptis martiusii has an antiulcerogenic activity, as evidenced by its significant inhibition of the formation of ulcers in various models. This effect could be related to an increase of gastric mucosal defensive factors. Further pharmacological studies are being undertaken in order to provide more precise elucidation of the action mechanism involved in this activity.
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Abdillahi HS, Finnie JF, Van Staden J. Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase and phenolic contents of four Podocarpus species used in traditional medicine in South Africa. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 136:496-503. [PMID: 20633623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Species of Podocarpus are used traditionally in their native areas for the treatment of fevers, asthma, coughs, cholera, chest complaints, arthritis, rheumatism, venereal diseases and distemper in dogs. AIMS OF THE STUDY To investigate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tyrosinase activities of four Podocarpus species, Podocarpus elongatus, Podocarpus falcatus, Podocarpus henkelii and Podocarpus latifolius, used in traditional medicine in South Africa. Phytochemical analysis to determine the phenolic contents was also carried out. MATERIALS AND METHODS DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene-linoleic acid assays were used to determine the antioxidant/radical scavenging activities of these species. Anti-inflammatory activity of these species was assayed against two cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2). Tyrosinase inhibition activity was analysed using the modified dopachrome method with l-DOPA as the substrate. Phenolics were quantitatively determined using spectrophotometric methods. RESULTS Stems of Podocarpus latifolius exhibited the lowest EC(50) (0.84 μg/ml) inhibition against DPPH. The percentage antioxidant activity based on the bleaching rate of β-carotene ranged from 96% to 99%. High ferric reducing power was observed in all the extracts. For COX-1, the lowest EC(50) value was exhibited by stem extracts of Podocarpus elongatus (5.02 μg/ml) and leaf extract of Podocarpus latifolius showed the lowest EC(50) against COX-2 (5.13 μg/ml). All extracts inhibited tyrosinase activity in a dose-dependent manner with stem extract of Podocarpus elongatus being the most potent with an EC(50) value of 0.14 mg/ml. The total phenolic content ranged from 2.38 to 6.94 mg of GAE/g dry sample. CONCLUSION The significant pharmacological activities observed support the use of these species in traditional medicine and may also be candidates in the search for modern pharmaceuticals in medicine, food and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Abdillahi
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Scottsville, South Africa
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Sathish R, Vyawahare B, Natarajan K. Antiulcerogenic activity of Lantana camara leaves on gastric and duodenal ulcers in experimental rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 134:195-197. [PMID: 21129476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2010] [Revised: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 11/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae), a widely growing shrub has been used in the traditional medicine for treating many ailments. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of methanolic extract of Lantana camara leaves on gastric and duodenal ulcers. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antiulcerogenic effect of methanolic extract of Lantana camara was evaluated in aspirin induced gastric ulcerogenesis in pyloric ligated rats, ethanol induced gastric ulcer, and cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer models. The extract was administered orally at two different doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg. The lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione levels of ethanol induced gastric ulcer model and inhibition zone in diameter against Helicobacter pylori also determined. RESULTS The L. camara extract significantly (P<0.01) reduced ulcer index, total acidity and significantly (P<0.01) increased the gastric pH of aspirin+pylorus-ligation induced ulcerogenesis and ethanol induced gastric ulcer models. The extract also significantly (P<0.01) reduced the ulcer index of cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer. The L. camara showed significant (P<0.01) reduction in lipid peroxidation and increase in reduced glutathione levels. The inhibition zone in diameter of extract against H. pylori was 20mm. CONCLUSION The methanolic extract of Lantana camara leaves shown healing of gastric ulcers and also prevents development of duodenal ulcers in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sathish
- Department of Pharmacology, Ultra College of Pharmacy, Madurai, India.
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Areche C, Theoduloz C, Yáñez T, Souza-Brito ARM, Barbastefano V, de Paula D, Ferreira AL, Schmeda-Hirschmann G, Rodríguez JA. Gastroprotective activity of ferruginol in mice and rats: effects on gastric secretion, endogenous prostaglandins and non-protein sulfhydryls. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 60:245-51. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.2.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The gastroprotective mechanism of the natural diterpene ferruginol was assessed in mice and rats. The involvement of gastric prostaglandins (PGE2), reduced glutathione, nitric oxide or capsaicin receptors was evaluated in mice either treated or untreated with indometacin, N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or ruthenium red, respectively, and then orally treated with ferruginol or vehicle. Gastric lesions were induced by oral administration of ethanol. The effects of ferruginol on the parameters of gastric secretion were assessed in pylorus-ligated rats. Gastric PGE2 content was determined in rats treated with ferruginol and/or indometacin. The reduction of gastric glutathione (GSH) content was determined in rats treated with ethanol after oral administration of ferruginol, lansoprazole or vehicle. Finally, the acute oral toxicity was assessed in mice. Indometacin reversed the gastroprotective effect of ferruginol (25 mg kg−1) but not NEM, ruthenium red or L-NAME. The diterpene (25 mg kg−1) increased the gastric juice volume and its pH value, and reduced the titrable acidity but was devoid of effect on the gastric mucus content. Ferruginol (25, 50 mg kg−1) increased gastric PGE2 content in a dose-dependent manner and prevented the reduction in GSH observed due to ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats. Single oral doses up to 3 g kg−1 ferruginol did not elicit mortality or acute toxic effects in mice. Our results showed that ferruginol acted as a gastroprotective agent stimulating the gastric PGE2 synthesis, reducing the gastric acid output and improving the antioxidant capacity of the gastric mucosa by maintaining the GSH levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Areche
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Cristina Theoduloz
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Tania Yáñez
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Alba R M Souza-Brito
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Biologia, CP 6109, CEP 13083-970, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Víctor Barbastefano
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Biologia, CP 6109, CEP 13083-970, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Débora de Paula
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Biologia, CP 6109, CEP 13083-970, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Anderson L Ferreira
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Biologia, CP 6109, CEP 13083-970, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Jaime A Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
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Areche C, Rodríguez JA, Razmilic I, Yáñez T, Theoduloz C, Schmeda-Hirschmann G. Gastroprotective and cytotoxic effect of semisynthetic ferruginol derivatives. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 59:289-300. [PMID: 17270082 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.59.2.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The gastroprotective abietane diterpene ferruginol has been shown to present high cytotoxicity. In order to obtain active compounds with less cytotoxicity, 18 semisynthetic ferruginol derivatives and totarol were assessed for their gastroprotective effects in the HCl/ethanol-induced gastric lesion model in mice, as well as for cytotoxicity in human gastric epithelial cells (AGS) and human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5). At 20 mg kg−1, the greatest gastroprotective effects were provided by abieta-8,11,13-triene (1), abieta-8,11,13-trien-12-yl-2-chloropropanoate (8), abieta-8,11,13-trien-12-yl propenoate (9), 12-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-abieta-8,11,13-triene (17) and 12-(β-D-galactopyranosyloxy)-abieta-8,11,13-triene (18), all of which were as active as the reference drug lansoprazole at 20 mg kg−1, reducing gastric lesions by 69, 76, 67, 72 and 61%, respectively. No relation was observed between lipophilicity and the gastroprotective effect. Compounds that showed the greatest cytotoxicity towards AGS cells were ferruginol (2), the corresponding formate (5), acetate (6), propionate (7), 8, 9, 12-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-abieta-8,11,13-triene (16), 18 and totarol (20) (IC50 18–44 μM). Ferruginol and compounds 5–9, 16, 18 and 20 were the most toxic compounds against fibroblasts (IC50 19–56 μM), with a correlation to AGS cells. The derivative 19 was much more active against AGS cells than towards fibroblasts. The best activity/cytotoxicity ratio was found for compound 17, with a lesion index comparable with lansoprazole at 20 mg kg−1 and cytotoxicity >1000 μM towards MRC-5 and AGS cells, respectively. In conclusion, some derivatives showed a better gastroprotective effect/cytotoxicity ratio than the parent compound ferruginol. A total of 13 new compounds are reported here for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Areche
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
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Rodrigues PDA, de Morais SM, de Souza CM, Silva ARA, de Andrade GM, Silva MGV, Albuquerque RL, Rao VS, Santos FA. Gastroprotective effect of barbatusin and 3-beta-hydroxy-3-deoxibarbatusin, quinonoid diterpenes isolated from Plectranthus grandis, in ethanol-induced gastric lesions in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 127:725-730. [PMID: 20025953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Revised: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Validate the popular use of Plectranthus grandis in gastric disorders through the active components. AIMS Isolation of barbatusin (BB) and 3beta-hydroxy-3-deoxibarbatusin (BBOH), diterpenes from Plectranthus grandis, and evaluation of their gastroprotective effect and possible mechanisms of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS Isolation and chemical characterization of diterpenes from Plectranthus grandis by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods and evaluation of gastroprotective action of the diterpenes through ethanol-induced gastric injury in mice model. It was evaluated the effect of capsazepine, indomethacin and the role of nitric oxide and K(ATP-) channels on the gastroprotective effect of BBOH and BB. Additionally it was measured the concentrations of gastric mucus, non-proteic-sulfhydryl groups and total thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. RESULTS Orally administered BBOH and BB at doses of 5 and 10mg/kg, markedly reduced the gastric lesions by 59 and 96%, and 32 and 76%, respectively, with superior results as compared to N-acetylcysteine (150 mg/kg, i.p.), reference compound that caused 85% lesion suppression. Although BBOH presented a higher gastroprotection than BB they act by similar mechanisms in relation to N-acetylcysteine, and prevent the depletion of gastric mucus, gastric mucosal non-proteic-sulfhydryl groups as well as the increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive species. Moreover, the gastroprotective effect of BB was effectively blocked in mice pretreated with TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine, by the non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin, or by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME but not by K(+)(ATP) channel inhibitor glibenclamide. In contrast, the gastroprotective effect of BBOH was blocked only by indomethacin and glibenclamide pretreatments. CONCLUSION The protective role for BBOH and BB affording gastroprotection against gastric damage induced by ethanol indicates that these compounds contribute for the activity of Plectranthus species. The different modes of action are probably related to differences in their chemical structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia de Araújo Rodrigues
- State University of Ceará, Post-Graduate Programme of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Areche C, Schmeda-Hirschmann G, Theoduloz C, Rodríguez JA. Gastroprotective effect and cytotoxicity of abietane diterpenes from the Chilean Lamiaceae Sphacele chamaedryoides (Balbis) Briq. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.61.12.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this report was to isolate, identify and assess the gastroprotective effect and cytotoxicity of abietane diterpenes from the Chilean medicinal plant Sphacele chamaedryoides (Balbis) Briq. (Lamiaceae).
Methods
The isolated compounds were identified by spectroscopic means. The gastroprotective effect of the compounds was studied on the HCl/EtOH-induced gastric lesions model in mice. The cytotoxicity of the compounds was assessed on human normal lung fibroblasts (MRC-5) and gastric adenocarcinoma cells (AGS).
Key findings
From the aerial parts of the plant, five phenolic and five p-quinone abietanes, the sesquiterpene spathulenol and two flavonoids were obtained. The main diterpene from the plant was carnosol (7). Lansoprazole at 20 mg/kg reduced gastric lesions by 64.7% (P < 0.01), being statistically similar to carnosol at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg; the percent lesion reduction with 7 at 5 mg/kg was 49.3%. At a single oral dose of 5 mg/kg, the diterpenes bearing a p-quinone moiety −6,7-dehydroroyleanone (1), royleanone (2), 7,20-epoxyroyleanone (3), taxoquinone (5) and horminone (6) - presented a gastroprotective effect of 54.4, 70.8, 65.0, 35.8 and 52.7%, respectively. Of the C-7 hydroxy derivatives, the activity was much lower for the 7β-OH isomer. The phenolic diterpenes 7 and 7-oxo-11,12,14-trihydroxy-8,11,13-abietatrien-20-al (8) inhibited gastric lesions by 49.3 and 53.0%, respectively. Royleanone (2), 7,20-epoxyroyleanone (3), horminone (6), 8 and spathulenol proved to be cytotoxic with IC50 values in the range of 11–67 μM. The selective cytotoxicity of compounds 1 (IC50: 61 and 366 μM) and 5 (IC50: 310 and 27 μM) against AGS cells and fibroblasts, respectively, merit additional studies.
Conclusions
All the abietanes obtained from S. chamaedryoides present either one or two phenolic OH groups, a quinone system, or both. Several compounds present in the plant showed higher gastroprotective effect than lansoprazole. The cytotoxic effect of most compounds was found at fairly high concentrations and lacked cell specificity. Further studies are required using different tumour cell lines and viability/proliferation assays to assess the specificity of the isolated compounds. The selective cytotoxicity of compounds 1 and 5 against AGS cells and fibroblasts, respectively, merit additional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Areche
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad deTalca, Talca, Chile
| | - Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad deTalca, Talca, Chile
| | - Cristina Theoduloz
- Depto. de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad deTalca, Talca, Chile
| | - Jaime A Rodríguez
- Depto. de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad deTalca, Talca, Chile
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Wei Y, He J, Qin H, Wu X, Yao X. Determination of ferruginol in rat plasma via high-performance liquid chromatography and its application in pharmacokinetics study. Biomed Chromatogr 2009; 23:1116-20. [PMID: 19444795 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ferruginol, a diterpene phenol, has recently received attention for its extensive pharmacological properties, including anti-tumor, antibacterial, cardio-protective and gastroprotective effects. In the present study, a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for determination of ferruginol in rat plasma and applied for the pharmacokinetics study. The HPLC assay was performed with a VP ODS-C(18) column. The mobile phaseconsisted of methanol and 1% acetic acid solution (90:10, v/v). The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, and the wavelength was set at 270 nm. This method was linear over the studied range of 0.1-10.0 microg/mL( )for ferruginol. The correlation coefficient was 0.9998. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were better than 4 and 5%, respectively. The extraction recovery and accuracy were greater than 97 and 96%, respectively. The detection limit was 30 ng/mL. The mean maximum concentration of ferruginol in rat plasma was 3.14 microg/mL at 40 min after oral administration at a dose of 20 mg/kg. Ferruginol was absorbed quickly p.o. with t(1/2)ka = 14.86 min and had a high rate of elimination with t(1/2) = 41.73 min. The pharmacokinetic process of ferruginol in rat was well described with a one-compartment model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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Souza MDC, Beserra AMS, Martins DC, Real VV, Santos RAND, Rao VS, Silva RMD, Martins DTDO. In vitro and in vivo anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Calophyllum brasiliense Camb. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 123:452-458. [PMID: 19501278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2008] [Revised: 03/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/14/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
AIMS OF THE STUDY Calophyllum brasiliense (Camb.) is a medicinal tree that grows particularly in the hilly and forested regions of Brazil. Preparations from its stem bark are popular remedies for the treatment of chronic ulcers. Since earlier investigations on bark extracts evidenced gastroprotective and gastric acid inhibitory properties, this study evaluated the effects of hydroethanolic extract (HEECb) and the dichloromethanic fraction (DCMF), from Calophyllum brasiliense stem bark, against Helicobacter pylori, in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS The in vitro assays were performed using the disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. The test substances were evaluated in vivo taking into account the delay in the gastric ulcer healing in Wistar rats, infected with Helicobacter pylori. RESULTS DCMF appeared the most active and potent in vitro against Helicobacter pylori growth with an MIC of 31 microg/mL. In the in vivo assays, rats ulcerated by acetic acid, and inoculated with Helicobacter pylori showed a marked delay in ulcer healing. Treatment with HEECb (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) and DCMF (100 and 200 mg/kg) reduced the ulcerated area in a dose-dependent manner. While DCMF, at 200 mg/kg, increased the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) level, both HEECb and DCMF decreased the number of urease-positive animals, as confirmed by the reduction of Helicobacter pylori presence in histopathological analysis. CONCLUSION The results suggest that the antiulcer activity of Calophyllum brasiliense is due, in part, to its anti-Helicobacter pylori action, validating the popular use of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria do Carmo Souza
- Department of Basic Science in Health, Faculty of Medical Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Correa da Costa s/n, Coxipó, Cuiabá, MT CEP: 78060-900, Brazil.
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