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Guan G, Zhuoga S, Zheng S, Xu K, Weng T, Qian W, Ji D, Yu X. A New Risk Prediction Model for Detecting Endoscopic Activity of Ulcerative Colitis. Gut Liver 2024; 18:834-844. [PMID: 38623059 PMCID: PMC11391131 DOI: 10.5009/gnl230370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an incurable, relapsing-remitting inflammatory disease that increases steadily. Mucosal healing has become the primary therapeutic objective for UC. Nevertheless, endoscopic assessments are invasive, expensive, time-consuming, and inconvenient. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a noninvasive predictive model to monitor endoscopic activity in patients with UC. Methods Clinical data of 198 adult patients with UC were collected from January 2016 to August 2022 at Huadong Hospital, China. Results Patients with UC were randomly divided into the training cohort (70%, n=138) and the validation cohort (30%, n=60). The receiver operating characteristic curve value for the training group was 0.858 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.781 to 0.936), whereas it was 0.845 (95% CI, 0.731 to 0.960) for the validation group. The calibration curve employed the Hosmer-Lemeshow test (p>0.05) to demonstrate the consistency between the predicted and the actual probabilities in the nomogram of these two groups. The decision curve analysis validated that the nomogram had clinical usefulness. Conclusions The nomogram, which incorporated activated partial thromboplastin time, fecal occult blood test, β2-globulin level, and fibrinogen degradation products, served as a prospective tool for evaluating UC activity in clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyu Guan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sangdan Zhuoga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Songbai Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kangqiao Xu
- Department of Respiration, Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingwen Weng
- Department of Cardiology, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wensi Qian
- Department of Hematology, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Danian Ji
- Department of Endoscopy Center, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yu
- Department of General Practice, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Deng Z, Li L. Effect of miR-663 on atherosclerosis by regulating the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells in lipid plaques. Vascular 2023; 31:1240-1252. [PMID: 35599617 DOI: 10.1177/17085381221098826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main cause of coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, and peripheral vascular disease. microRNAs (miRNAs) are widely distributed in the human body and closely related to the pathological progress of AS. This study probed into the function of miR-663 in AS. METHODS The atherosclerotic plaques, cholesterol (CHOL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), inflammatory factors, and miR-663 expression in ApoE-/- mice on high-fat diet were evaluated. The overexpressing miR-663 adenovirus was injected into ApoE-/- mice, followed by measurement of type III collagen (Col III), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, α-SMA, osteopontin, and CD31. miR-663 mimic or inhibitor was introduced into vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL), and cell proliferation and IL-6 and IL-18 secretion were evaluated. The binding relationship between miR-663 and HMGA2 was verified, followed by the determination of HMGA2 role in VSMC proliferation. RESULTS Atherosclerotic plaques appeared in ApoE-/- mice on high-fat diet, with increased CHOL, LDL, osteopontin, MMP-2 and Col III and decreased miR-663, α-SMA and CD31. miR-663 overexpression downregulated osteopontin, MMP-2 and Col III and upregulated α-SMA and CD31 in ApoE-/- mice on high-fat diet. With Ox-LDL concentration increase, VSMC proliferation was promoted and miR-663 was downregulated. miR-663 overexpression inhibited proliferation of Ox-LDL-stimulated VSMCs and reduced levels of inflammatory factor levels, whereas silencing miR-663 did the opposite. miR-663 targeted HMGA2. HMGA2 overexpression partially reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-663 overexpression on VSMC proliferation. CONCLUSION miR-663 targeted HMGA2 to inhibit VSMC proliferation and AS development, which may offer insights into AS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhisheng Deng
- Department of Geriatrics, Nanchang Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University (The First Hospital of Nanchang), Nanchang, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Nanchang Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University (The First Hospital of Nanchang), Nanchang, China
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Wang X, Yang Y, Yu L, Pang C, Sun W, Zang S, Li C. Association between fibrinogen level and length of stay in patients with lower extremity atherosclerotic disease: a retrospective cohort study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11872. [PMID: 37481624 PMCID: PMC10363167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The level of fibrinogen in patients with lower extremity atherosclerosis (LEAD) has been widely identified as a risk factor contributing to adverse outcomes. However, some knowledge gaps remain regarding fibrinogen levels and downstream adverse outcomes, such as length of stay (LOS). We conducted this study to examine the association between fibrinogen level and LOS in LEAD patients. The retrospective cohort study included 1428 LEAD patients between January 2014 and November 2021 in China. Several generalized linear models with a negative binomial link function were used to evaluate the association between fibrinogen level and LOS. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the predicting effect of fibrinogen level on a LOS greater than 10 days (median LOS). The median age of the patients was 70 years old, and 1153 (80.74%) were males. Fibrinogen level was positively associated with LOS (β = 1.14; 95% CI, 0.42-1.86; p = 0.002) in LEAD patients after controlling for age, gender, number of historical hospitalizations, surgical history, vascular disease history, drinking history, smoking history, insurance type, surgical approach, lesion site, weight loss, Fontaine classification, age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index, urea, total protein, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, prothrombin time-international normalized ratio, calcium, triglyceride, albumin/globulin ratio, phosphorus, and D-dimer. The fibrinogen-added prediction model demonstrated good discrimination and calibration, with an AUC value of 0.807. Fibrinogen level was positively associated with LOS in LEAD patients. The fibrinogen level is a widely available and easy-to-measure biochemical indicator, and it could be used as a suitable indicator for the prognosis and prophylaxis of prolonged LOS in patients with LEAD during hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Phase I Clinical Trails Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Chang Pang
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, No. 20 Bei Jiu Road, Heping District, Shenyang, 110002, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, No. 20 Bei Jiu Road, Heping District, Shenyang, 110002, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuang Zang
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
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Teodoro AGF, Rodrigues WF, Farnesi-de-Assunção TS, Borges AVBE, Obata MMS, Neto JRDC, da Silva DAA, Andrade-Silva LE, Desidério CS, Costa-Madeira JC, Barbosa RM, Cunha ACCH, Pereira LQ, de Vito FB, Vaz Tanaka SCS, Helmo FR, Lemes MR, Barbosa LM, Trevisan RO, Mundim FV, Oliveira-Scussel ACM, Junior PRR, Monteiro IB, Ferreira YM, Machado GH, Ferreira-Paim K, Moraes-Souza H, de Oliveira CJF, Rodrigues Júnior V, Silva MVD. Inflammatory Response and Activation of Coagulation after COVID-19 Infection. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040938. [PMID: 37112918 PMCID: PMC10145373 DOI: 10.3390/v15040938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection is responsible for causing a disease with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations. Predisposition to thromboembolic disease due to excessive inflammation is also attributed to the disease. The objective of this study was to characterize the clinical and laboratory aspects of hospitalized patients, in addition to studying the pattern of serum cytokines, and associate them with the occurrence of thromboembolic events. METHODOLOGY A retrospective cohort study with 97 COVID-19 patients hospitalized from April to August 2020 in the Triângulo Mineiro macro-region was carried out. A review of medical records was conducted to evaluate the clinical and laboratory aspects and the frequency of thrombosis, as well as the measurement of cytokines, in the groups that presented or did not present a thrombotic event. RESULTS There were seven confirmed cases of thrombotic occurrence in the cohort. A reduction in the time of prothrombin activity was observed in the group with thrombosis. Further, 27.8% of all patients had thrombocytopenia. In the group that had thrombotic events, the levels of IL1b, IL-10, and IL2 were higher (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In the studied sample, there was an increase in the inflammatory response in patients with thrombotic events, confirmed by the increase in cytokines. Furthermore, in this cohort, a link was observed between the IL-10 percentage and an increased chance of a thrombotic event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Glória Fonseca Teodoro
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Wellington Francisco Rodrigues
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | | | - Anna V Bernardes E Borges
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Malu Mateus Santos Obata
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - José Rodrigues do Carmo Neto
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Djalma A Alves da Silva
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Leonardo E Andrade-Silva
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Chamberttan S Desidério
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Juliana C Costa-Madeira
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Rafaela M Barbosa
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Andrezza C C Hortolani Cunha
- Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-200, Brazil
| | - Loren Q Pereira
- Laboratory of Hematological Research of the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro and Regional Blood Center of Uberaba-Hemominas Foundation, Uberaba 38025-440, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Bernadelli de Vito
- Laboratory of Hematological Research of the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro and Regional Blood Center of Uberaba-Hemominas Foundation, Uberaba 38025-440, Brazil
| | - Sarah Cristina Sato Vaz Tanaka
- Laboratory of Hematological Research of the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro and Regional Blood Center of Uberaba-Hemominas Foundation, Uberaba 38025-440, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R Helmo
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Marcela Rezende Lemes
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Laís M Barbosa
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Rafael O Trevisan
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Fabiano V Mundim
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Roberto Resende Junior
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Ivan B Monteiro
- UNIMED São Domingos Hospital, Uberaba 38025-110, Brazil
- José Alencar Gomes da Silva Regional Hospital, Uberaba 38060-200, Brazil
| | - Yulsef M Ferreira
- José Alencar Gomes da Silva Regional Hospital, Uberaba 38060-200, Brazil
| | | | - Kennio Ferreira-Paim
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Hélio Moraes-Souza
- Laboratory of Hematological Research of the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro and Regional Blood Center of Uberaba-Hemominas Foundation, Uberaba 38025-440, Brazil
| | - Carlo José Freire de Oliveira
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Virmondes Rodrigues Júnior
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinicius da Silva
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-350, Brazil
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Yang X, Wang N, Ren S, Hu Y, Wang H, Ji A, Cao L, Li M, Liu J, Wang H. Phosphorylation regulation of cardiac proteins in Babesia microti infected mice in an effort to restore heart function. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:98. [PMID: 35313969 PMCID: PMC8935697 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05233-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Babesia is a common protozoan parasite that infects red blood cells. In mice infected with Babesia microti, the red blood cells were lysed, resulting in decreased oxygen-carrying capacity. To compensate for low blood oxygen levels, stress on the heart was greatly increased. Babesiosis induces a variety of pathologies; meanwhile, heart tissues initiate self-repair responses to babesiosis-induced tissue damage to restore heart function. Methods To discover the molecular mechanisms of the damage and self-repair in the heart after B. microti infection in mice, we investigated the changes in protein expression and phosphorylation modification levels in heart tissues at 0, 5, 8, 11, and 19 days post-infection using data-independent acquisition (DIA) quantitative proteomics. Results The numbers of global proteins we identified were 1934, 1966, 1984, 1989, and 1955 and of phosphopeptides were 5118, 5133, 5130, 5133, and 5140 at 0, 5, 8, 11, and 19 days, respectively, in heart cells after infection with B. microti. The results showed that after B. microti infection the differentially expressed proteins in mice mainly include fibrinogen α (Fgα), fibrinogen β (Fgβ), Serpina1b, Serpina1c, cathepsin Z, cytochrome c oxidases (COXs), RPS11, and RPS20. The proteins with phosphorylation changes mainly include 20-kDa light chain of myosin II (MLC20), myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14), and Akt1. These proteins were mainly involved in coagulation processes, cell apoptosis, oxidative phosphorylation, and ribosomes. Conclusions The coagulation cascade-related proteins, apoptosis-related proteins, oxidative phosphorylation-related proteins, and other types of proteins are all involved in the damage and self-repair process in the heart after B. microti infection. These results offer a wealth of new targets for further exploration into the causes of heart disease induced by Babesia infection and are of great significance for novel drug development and new opportunities for targeted therapies. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05233-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ningmei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shuguang Ren
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yuhong Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Instrumental Analysis Center, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Han Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Aimeng Ji
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lihui Cao
- Animal Disease Control Center of Zhengding County, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mengxue Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jingze Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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6
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Wang S, Lu M, Zhao Z, Peng X, Li L, Cheng C, Fang M, Xia Y, Liu Y. Plasma levels of D-dimer and fibrin degradation products correlate with bullous pemphigoid severity: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17746. [PMID: 34493780 PMCID: PMC8423823 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97202-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP), the most frequent blistering dermatosis in the elderly, is associated with increased mortality. The severity of BP can be assessed by detecting the anti-BP180 immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration, but the lab test is not available in many community clinics. BP patients are usually in a hypercoagulable state with increased levels of D-dimer and fibrin degradation products (FDPs). We aimed to evaluate the use of D-dimer and FDPs in assessing BP severity. We compared the levels of plasma D-dimer, plasma FDPs, eosinophil counts, eosinophil cationic protein, and serum anti-BP180 IgG concentration between 48 typical BP patients and 33 Herpes zoster (HZ) patients (control group). Correlational analyses were conducted to determine the relationships between the lab values and common BP severity markers. The plasma D-dimer and FDP levels were higher in BP patients than in HZ controls (D-dimer: 3297 ± 2517 µg/L vs. 569.70 ± 412.40 µg/L; FDP: 9.74 ± 5.88 mg/L vs. 2.02 ± 1.69 mg/L, respectively, P < 0.0001). Significant positive correlations were found between D-dimer/FDP levels and BP severity markers (i.e. anti-BP180 IgG concentration [D-dimer: r = 0.3928, P = 0.0058; FDP: r = 0.4379, P = 0.0019] and eosinophil counts [D-dimer: r = 0.3625, P = 0.0013; FDP: r = 0.2880, P = 0.0472]) in BP patients. We also found an association between FDP and urticaria/erythema lesions (r = 0.3016, P = 0.0372), but no other BPDAI components. In 19 BP patients with complete remission after systemic glucocorticoid treatment, D-dimer and FDP levels decreased post-therapy (D-dimer: 5559 ± 7492 µg/L vs. 1738 ± 1478 µg/L; P < 0.0001; FDP: 11.20 ± 5.88 mg/L vs. 5.13 ± 3.44 mg/L; P = 0.0003), whereas they did not in BP patients with treatment resistant. Plasma D-dimer and FDP are convenient markers to evaluate BP severity assistant on BPDAI and eosinophil counts. FDP is also helpful for inflammatory lesions in BP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Mei Lu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zijun Zhao
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xueting Peng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chuantao Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Min Fang
- Department of Health Checkup, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Yale Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Chen JL, Chen DM, Luo C, Sun Y, Zhao YX, Huang CQ, Zhao KX, Xiao Q. Fibrinogen, fibrin degradation products and risk of sarcopenia. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:4830-4837. [PMID: 34358823 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Increasing data suggests that chronic low-grade inflammation plays an important role on development of sarcopenia. The present study was designed to identify the association between fibrinogen, fibrin degradation products (FDP) and sarcopenia risk in hospitalized old patients. METHODS A total of 437 patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study (148 with sarcopenia and 289 without sarcopenia). Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria. Body composition, grip strength and gait speed were performed to participants. Fibrinogen, FDP levels were measured. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to assess the association between fibrinogen and sarcopenia, between FDP and sarcopenia, respectively. RESULTS Compared to non-sarcopenic patients, fibrinogen and FDP levels were found to be higher in the sarcopenic group (3.07 g/L vs 2.79 g/L, 1.75 μg/mL vs 1.00 μg/mL, respectively, p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed a significant negative association between fibrinogen and gait speed (β: -0.164, p = 0.008), and muscle strength (β: -0.231, p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that fibrinogen and FDP were independently associated with sarcopenia (odds ratio 1.32 [95% confidence interval 1.03, 1.70], p = 0.009; odds ratio 1.07 [95% confidence interval 1.01, 1.19], p = 0.049, respectively). ROC curve revealed that the cutoff values of fibrinogen and FDP to predict sarcopenia risk were 2.54 g/L and 1.15 μg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In hospitalized old patients, serum fibrinogen and FDP levels are elevated in sarcopenia patients than those without sarcopenia. Fibrinogen and FDP are associated with sarcopenia in a concentration-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Liang Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Friendship Road 1, Yuan Jiagang, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong-Mei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Karamay Central Hospital, No. 67, Zhunger Road, Karamay District, Karamay City, 834000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Friendship Road 1, Yuan Jiagang, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Friendship Road 1, Yuan Jiagang, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Xing Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Friendship Road 1, Yuan Jiagang, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Chang-Quan Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Friendship Road 1, Yuan Jiagang, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Ke-Xiang Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Friendship Road 1, Yuan Jiagang, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Friendship Road 1, Yuan Jiagang, 400016, Chongqing, China.
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Liu SL, Wu NQ, Shi HW, Dong Q, Dong QT, Gao Y, Guo YL, Li JJ. Fibrinogen is associated with glucose metabolism and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020; 19:36. [PMID: 32192491 PMCID: PMC7081587 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-020-01012-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The present cohort study aims to examine the relationship between fibrinogen (Fib) levels and glucose metabolism [fasting blood glucose (FBG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)] and investigate the impact of high Fib on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with stable CAD and pre-diabetes mellitus (pre-DM) or diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods This study included 5237 patients from March 2011 to December 2015. Patients were distributed into three groups according to Fib levels (low Fib, median Fib, high Fib) and further categorized by glucose metabolism status [normal glucose regulation (NGR), Pre-DM, DM]. All patients were followed up for the occurrences of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), including cardiovascular mortality, nonfatal MI, stroke, and unplanned coronary revascularization. Results Linear regression analyses showed that FBG and HbA1c levels were positively associated with Fib in overall CAD participants, either with or without DM (all P < 0.001). During an average of 18,820 patient-years of follow-up, 476 MACEs occurred. High Fib was independently associated with MACEs after adjusting for confounding factors [Hazard Ratio (HR): 1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26–1.97, P < 0.001]. Furthermore, DM but not pre-DM was a significant predictor of MACEs (P < 0.001 and P > 0.05, respectively). When patients were stratified by both glucose metabolism status and Fib levels, high Fib was associated with a higher risk of MACEs in pre-DM (HR 1.66, 95% CI 1.02–2.71, P < 0.05). Medium and high Fib levels were associated with an even higher risk of MACEs in DM (HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.14–3.05 and HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.42–3.66, all P < 0.05). After adding the combination of Fib and glucose status to the Cox model, the C-statistic was increased by 0.015 (0.001–0.026). Conclusions The present study suggested that Fib levels were associated with FBG and HbA1c in stable CAD patients. Moreover, elevated Fib was independently associated with MACEs in CAD patients, especially among those with pre-DM and DM, suggesting that Fib may provide incremental value in the cardiovascular risk stratification of pre-DM and DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Lin Liu
- Endocrinology & Cardiometabolic Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Na-Qiong Wu
- Endocrinology & Cardiometabolic Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Hui-Wei Shi
- Endocrinology & Cardiometabolic Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Qian Dong
- Endocrinology & Cardiometabolic Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Qiu-Ting Dong
- Endocrinology & Cardiometabolic Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Endocrinology & Cardiometabolic Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yuan-Lin Guo
- Endocrinology & Cardiometabolic Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- Endocrinology & Cardiometabolic Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 167 BeiLiShi Road, XiCheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
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9
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Li T, Wang F, Peng R, Pei S, Hou Z, Lu B, Cong X, Chen X. Sex-related differences in the association between plasma fibrinogen and non-calcified or mixed coronary atherosclerotic plaques. Biol Sex Differ 2018; 9:51. [PMID: 30518417 PMCID: PMC6282270 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-018-0210-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plasma fibrinogen (FIB) has been demonstrated to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Patients with non-calcified plaque (NCP) or mix plaque (MP) have a higher risk of poor outcomes. However, the association between FIB and the presence of NCP or MP (NCP/MP) remains unclear, and if present, whether sex has any impact on this association remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of FIB in predicting the presence of NCP/MP and evaluate whether sex has any impact on this association. Methods A total of 329 subjects were recruited, and the clinical and laboratory data were collected. Plasma FIB was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. According to whether they had coronary atherosclerotic plaques and the characteristics of the most stenotic plaque, we divided them into three groups: no plaque (NP), calcified plaque (CP), and NCP/MP. Results Patients with NCP/MP had significantly higher FIB level in females, but not in males. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that FIB was an independent risk factor for the presence of NCP/MP (odds ratio [OR] = 3.677, 95% CI 1.539–8.785, P = 0.003) in females. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the optimal cut-off value FIB for predicting the presence of NCP/MP was 3.41 g/L (area under curve [AUC] = 0.73, 95% CI 0.63–0.82, P < 0.001) in females. Conclusions FIB is independently associated with the presence of NCP/MP in females, but not in males. These results suggest that the potential significance of FIB-lowering regimens in females with NCP/MP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiewei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Street, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Street, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Rui Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Street, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Shengqiang Pei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Street, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Zhihui Hou
- Department of Radiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Radiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangfeng Cong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Street, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Street, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.
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10
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Hayakawa K, Kato TA, Watabe M, Teo AR, Horikawa H, Kuwano N, Shimokawa N, Sato-Kasai M, Kubo H, Ohgidani M, Sagata N, Toda H, Tateno M, Shinfuku N, Kishimoto J, Kanba S. Blood biomarkers of Hikikomori, a severe social withdrawal syndrome. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2884. [PMID: 29440704 PMCID: PMC5811600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21260-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hikikomori, a severe form of social withdrawal syndrome, is a growing social issue in Japan and internationally. The pathophysiology of hikikomori has not yet been elucidated and an effective treatment remains to be established. Recently, we revealed that avoidant personality disorder is the most common comorbidity of hikikomori. Thus, we have postulated that avoidant personality is the personality underpinning hikikomori. First, we herein show relationships between avoidant personality traits, blood biomarkers, hikikomori-related psychological features, and behavioural characteristics assessed by a trust game in non-hikikomori volunteers. Avoidant personality traits were negatively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and uric acid (UA) in men, and positively associated with fibrin degeneration products (FDP) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in women. Next, we recruited actual individuals with hikikomori, and compared avoidant personality traits, blood biomarkers, and psychological features between individuals with hikikomori and age-matched healthy controls. Individuals with hikikomori had higher avoidant personality scores in both sexes, and showed lower serum UA levels in men and lower HDL-C levels in women compared with healthy controls. This is the first report showing possible blood biomarkers for hikikomori, and opens the door to clarify the underlying biological pathophysiology of hikikomori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Hayakawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiro A Kato
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Motoki Watabe
- School of Business, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Alan R Teo
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon, United States of America.,Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Hideki Horikawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuki Kuwano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Norihiro Shimokawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mina Sato-Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kubo
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ohgidani
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Noriaki Sagata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Toda
- Department of Psychiatry, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masaru Tateno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Naotaka Shinfuku
- International Center for Medical Research, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Junji Kishimoto
- Department of Research and Development of Next Generation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Kanba
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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11
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Cellular and Oxidative Mechanisms Associated with Interleukin-6 Signaling in the Vasculature. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122563. [PMID: 29186034 PMCID: PMC5751166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species, particularly superoxide, promote endothelial dysfunction and alterations in vascular structure. It is increasingly recognized that inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), contribute to endothelial dysfunction and vascular hypertrophy and fibrosis. IL-6 is increased in a number of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. IL-6 is also associated with a higher incidence of future cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. Both immune and vascular cells produce IL-6 in response to a number of stimuli, such as angiotensin II. The vasculature is responsive to IL-6 produced from vascular and non-vascular sources via classical IL-6 signaling involving a membrane-bound IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) and membrane-bound gp130 via Jak/STAT as well as SHP2-dependent signaling pathways. IL-6 signaling is unique because it can also occur via a soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) which allows for IL-6 signaling in tissues that do not normally express IL-6R through a process referred to as IL-6 trans-signaling. IL-6 signaling mediates a vast array of effects in the vascular wall, including endothelial activation, vascular permeability, immune cell recruitment, endothelial dysfunction, as well as vascular hypertrophy and fibrosis. Many of the effects of IL-6 on vascular function and structure are representative of loss or reductions in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. IL-6 has direct effects on endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and expression as well as increasing vascular superoxide, which rapidly inactivates NO thereby limiting NO bioavailability. The goal of this review is to highlight both the cellular and oxidative mechanisms associated with IL-6-signaling in the vascular wall in general, in hypertension, and in response to angiotensin II.
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12
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Lagrange J, Didelot M, Mohamadi A, Walton LA, Bloemen S, de Laat B, Louis H, Thornton SN, Derby B, Sherratt MJ, Fève B, Challande P, Akhtar R, Cruickshank JK, Lacolley P, Regnault V. Implication of Free Fatty Acids in Thrombin Generation and Fibrinolysis in Vascular Inflammation in Zucker Rats and Evolution with Aging. Front Physiol 2017; 8:949. [PMID: 29213245 PMCID: PMC5702631 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) and aging are associated with modifications in blood coagulation factors, vascular inflammation, and increased risk of thrombosis. Objectives: Our aim was to determine concomitant changes in thrombin generation in the blood compartment and at the surface of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and its interplay with adipokines, free fatty acids (FFA), and metalloproteinases (MMPs) in obese Zucker rats that share features of the human MetS. Methods: Obese and age-matched lean Zucker rats were compared at 25 and 80 weeks of age. Thrombin generation was assessed by calibrated automated thrombography (CAT). Results: Endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) was increased in obese rats independent of platelets and age. Clot half-lysis time was delayed with obesity and age. Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-13 were increased with obesity and age respectively. Addition of exogenous fibrinogen, leptin, linoleic, or palmitic acid increased thrombin generation in plasma whereas adiponectin had an opposite effect. ETP was increased at the surface of VSMCs from obese rats and addition of exogenous palmitic acid further enhanced ETP values. Gelatinase activity was increased in aorta at both ages in obese rats and MMP-2 activity was increased in VSMCs from obese rats. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated in MetS an early prothrombotic phenotype of the blood compartment reinforced by procoagulant properties of dedifferentiated and inflammatory VSMCs. Mechanisms involved (1) increased fibrinogen and impaired fibrinolysis and (2) increased saturated fatty acids responsible for additive procoagulant effects. Whether specifically targeting this hypercoagulability using direct thrombin inhibitors would improve outcome in MetS is worth investigating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Lagrange
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mélusine Didelot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Amel Mohamadi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Lucy A Walton
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Directorate of Radiography, School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - Saartje Bloemen
- Synapse Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Bas de Laat
- Synapse Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Huguette Louis
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Simon N Thornton
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Brian Derby
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Sherratt
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Fève
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale-Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR_S 938, Paris, France.,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France.,Assistance-Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Service d'Endocrinologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Challande
- UPMC, University of Paris, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7190, Paris, France
| | - Riaz Akhtar
- Centre for Materials and Structures, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J Kennedy Cruickshank
- Diabetes & Cardiovascular Medicine, Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Lacolley
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.,CHRU Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Véronique Regnault
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.,CHRU Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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13
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Wang J, Pathak R, Garg S, Hauer-Jensen M. Fibrinogen deficiency suppresses the development of early and delayed radiation enteropathy. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:4701-4711. [PMID: 28765691 PMCID: PMC5514635 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i26.4701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine the mechanistic role of fibrinogen, a key regulator of inflammation and fibrosis, in early and delayed radiation enteropathy.
METHODS Fibrinogen wild-type (Fib+/+), fibrinogen heterozygous (Fib+/-), and fibrinogen knockout (Fib-/-) mice were exposed to localized intestinal irradiation and assessed for early and delayed structural changes in the intestinal tissue. A 5-cm segment of ileum of mice was exteriorized and exposed to 18.5 Gy of x-irradiation. Intestinal tissue injury was assessed by quantitative histology, morphometry, and immunohistochemistry at 2 wk and 26 wk after radiation. Plasma fibrinogen level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS There was no difference between sham-irradiated Fib+/+ and Fib+/- mice in terms of fibrinogen concentration in plasma and intestinal tissue, intestinal histology, morphometry, intestinal smooth muscle cell proliferation, and neutrophil infiltration. Therefore, Fib+/- mice were used as littermate controls. Unlike sham-irradiated Fib+/+ and Fib+/- mice, no fibrinogen was detected in the plasma and intestinal tissue of sham-irradiated Fib-/- mice. Moreover, fibrinogen level was not elevated after irradiation in the intestinal tissue of Fib-/- mice, while significant increase in intestinal fibrinogen level was noticed in irradiated Fib+/+ and Fib+/- mice. Importantly, irradiated Fib-/- mice exhibited substantially less overall intestinal structural injury (RIS, P = 0.000002), intestinal wall thickness (P = 0.003), intestinal serosal thickness (P = 0.009), collagen deposition (P = 0.01), TGF-β immunoreactivity (P = 0.03), intestinal smooth muscle proliferation (P = 0.046), neutrophil infiltration (P = 0.01), and intestinal mucosal injury (P = 0.0003), compared to irradiated Fib+/+ and Fib+/- mice at both 2 wk and 26 wk.
CONCLUSION These data demonstrate that fibrinogen deficiency directly attenuates development of early and delayed radiation enteropathy. Fibrinogen could be a novel target in treating intestinal damage.
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14
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Asanuma K, Matsumine A, Nakamura T, Matsubara T, Asanuma Y, Oi T, Goto M, Okuno K, Kakimoto T, Yada Y, Sudo A. Impact of plasma fibrinogen levels in benign and malignant soft tissue tumors. Cancer Biomark 2016; 16:453-8. [PMID: 27062702 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrinogen, a 340 kDa glycoprotein synthesized in the liver, is known to be involved in tumor angiogenesis, enlargement, and metastasis. Elevated plasma fibrinogen levels are associated with tumor progression in many cancer patients. However, there are no reports about differences in fibrinogen levels between benign and malignant soft tissue tumors. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to clarify whether preoperative plasma fibrinogen levels can be used for differential diagnosis of benign or malignant soft tissue tumors. METHODS The plasma fibrinogen levels from 102 primary soft tissue tumor patients were measured before biopsy or treatment. Fibrinogen levels were analyzed and compared to various clinical parameters. RESULTS According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, a threshold of serum fibrinogen of 315 mg/dL identified malignant patients with 60.9% sensitivity and 87.5% specificity. The diagnostic accuracy was evaluated by area under the curve (AUC: 0.805). Over 315 mg/dL of fibrinogen was associated with a significantly increased risk of malignancy by multiple logistic regression analysis (OR: 6.452, p= 0.0004). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that plasma fibrinogen levels have a relationship with tumor malignancy of soft tissue tumors. High fibrinogen levels can be a helpful subsidiary tool for the prediction of malignant soft tissue tumors with other diagnostic tools.
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15
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Menti E, Zaffari D, Galarraga T, Lessa JRDCE, Pontin B, Pellanda LC, Portal VL. Early Markers of Atherosclerotic Disease in Individuals with Excess Weight and Dyslipidemia. Arq Bras Cardiol 2016; 106:457-63. [PMID: 27142650 PMCID: PMC4940144 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20160060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive weight is a cardiovascular risk factor since it generates a chronic inflammatory process that aggravates the endothelial function. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the endothelial function in individuals with excess weight and mild dyslipidemia using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (BAFMD), and the association of endothelial function with anthropometric and biochemical variables. METHODS Cross-sectional study that included 74 individuals and evaluated anthropometric variables (body mass index [BMI], waist-hip ratio [WHR], waist circumference [AC], and percentage of body fat [PBF]), biochemical (blood glucose, insulinemia, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol) and endothelial function (BAFMD, evaluated by ultrasound). The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS, version 16.0. To study the association between the variables, we used chi-square, Student's t and Mann-Whitney tests, and Pearson's correlation. Logistic regression analyzed the independent influence of the factors. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS The participants had a mean age of 50.8 years, and 57% were female. BMI, WC, WHR, and PBF showed no significant association with BAFMD. The male gender (p = 0.02) and higher serum levels of fibrinogen (p = 0.02) were significantly and independently associated with a BAFMD below 8%. CONCLUSIONS In individuals with excess weight and mild untreated dyslipidemia, male gender and higher levels of fibrinogen were independently associated with worse BAFMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Menti
- Instituto de Cardiologia, Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Denise Zaffari
- Instituto de Cardiologia, Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Thais Galarraga
- Instituto de Cardiologia, Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Pontin
- Instituto de Cardiologia, Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucia Campos Pellanda
- Instituto de Cardiologia, Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Portal
- Instituto de Cardiologia, Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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16
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Lu P, Liu J, Pang X. Pravastatin inhibits fibrinogen- and FDP-induced inflammatory response via reducing the production of IL-6, TNF-α and iNOS in vascular smooth muscle cells. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:6145-51. [PMID: 26238934 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory response of the arterial wall to pro‑atherosclerotic factors. As an inflammatory marker, fibrinogen directly participates in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Our previous study demonstrated that fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products (FDP) produce a pro‑inflammatory effect on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) through inducing the production of interleukin‑6 (IL‑6), tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In the present study, the effects of pravastatin on fibrinogen‑ and FDP‑induced expression of IL‑6, TNF‑α and iNOS were observed in VSMCs. The results showed that pravastatin dose‑dependently inhibited fibrinogen‑ and FDP‑stimulated expression of IL‑6, TNF‑α and iNOS in VSMCs at the mRNA and protein level. The maximal inhibition of protein expression of IL‑6, TNF‑α and iNOS was 46.9, 42.7 and 49.2% in fibrinogen‑stimulated VSMCs, and 50.2, 49.8 and 53.6% in FDP‑stimulated VSMCs, respectively. This suggests that pravastatin has the ability to relieve vascular inflammation via inhibiting the generation of IL‑6, TNF‑α and iNOS. The results of the present study may aid in further explaining the beneficial effects of pravastatin on atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases. In addition, they suggest that application of pravastatin may be beneficial for prevention of atherosclerosis formation in hyperfibrinogenemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Juntian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Pang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Andreassen SM, Berg LC, Nielsen SS, Kristensen AT, Jacobsen S. mRNA expression of genes involved in inflammation and haemostasis in equine fibroblast-like synoviocytes following exposure to lipopolysaccharide, fibrinogen and thrombin. BMC Vet Res 2015; 11:141. [PMID: 26116380 PMCID: PMC4483216 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-015-0448-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies in humans have shown that haemostatic and inflammatory pathways both play important roles in the pathogenesis of joint disease. The aim of this study was to assess mRNA expression of haemostatic and inflammatory factors in cultured equine fibroblast-like synoviocytes exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), fibrinogen and thrombin. Synovial membranes were collected from metacarpo-phalangeal joints of 6 skeletally mature horses euthanized for non-orthopaedic reasons. Passage 4 fibroblast-like synoviocytes were left non-treated or treated with either 0.1 μg/ml LPS, 5 mg/ml fibrinogen or 5 U/ml thrombin and harvested at time points 0, 6, 24 and 48 h. mRNA expression of serum amyloid A (SAA), interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), tissue factor (TF), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and protease activator receptor 1 (PAR-1) was assessed using quantitative real time reverse transcriptase PCR. Results LPS caused a significant increase in mRNA expression of SAA, IL-6, MCP-1 and uPA, and a decrease in TF, PAI-1 and PAR-1 when compared to non-treated cells. Treatment with thrombin resulted in increased mRNA expression of SAA, IL-6, MCP-1 and PAI-1, and a decreased PAR-1 expression compared to non-treated cells. The fibrinogen-treated synoviocytes showed significantly increased mRNA expression of IL-6, MCP-1, TF and PAI-1, and decreased PAR-1 expression compared to non-treated cells. Conclusion LPS, fibrinogen and thrombin induced an increased gene expression of inflammatory markers in isolated equine fibroblast-like synoviocytes. LPS caused changes in gene expression promoting increased fibrinolysis, while fibrinogen and thrombin changed the gene expression resulting potentially in reduced fibrinolysis. Overall, it appeared that both inflammatory and haemostatic stimuli affected expression of genes involved in inflammatory and haemostatic pathways, supporting their importance in equine joint diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Mandrup Andreassen
- Department of Large Animal Sciences, Medicine and Surgery group, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegård allé 5, DK-2630, Tåstrup, Denmark.
| | - Lise C Berg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Søren Saxmose Nielsen
- Department of Large Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 8, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Annemarie T Kristensen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Stine Jacobsen
- Department of Large Animal Sciences, Medicine and Surgery group, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegård allé 5, DK-2630, Tåstrup, Denmark.
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18
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Wang S, Liu J, Wu DI, Pang X, Zhao J, Zhang X. Pro-inflammatory effect of fibrinogen on vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating the expression of PPARα, PPARγ and MMP-9. Biomed Rep 2015; 3:513-518. [PMID: 26171158 DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in the vessel. As one of the inflammatory markers, fibrinogen has been indicated in formation and progression of atherosclerosis. However, it is completely unclear whether fibrinogen produces a pro-inflammatory effect on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The purpose of the present study was to observe the effect of fibrinogen on the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-α (PPARα), PPARγ and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in VSMCs. Rat VSMCs were cultured and fibrinogen was used as a stimulant for PPARα, PPARγ and MMP-9 expression. mRNA expression of PPARα, PPARγ and MMP-9 was identified with the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Protein production of PPARα and PPARγ was examined by western blot analysis and the MMP-9 level in the supernatant of VSMCs was measured with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that fibrinogen downregulated mRNA and protein expression of PPARα and PPARγ, and upregulated mRNA and protein generation of MMP-9 in VSMCs in time- and concentration-dependent manners. The maximal inhibition of protein expression of PPARα and PPARγ was 71.8 and 79.9%, respectively. The maximal release of MMP-9 was 4 times over the control. The results suggest that fibrinogen exerts a pro-inflammatory effect on VSMCs through inhibiting the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine PPARα and PPARγ and stimulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokine MMP-9. The findings provide new evidence for the pro-inflammatory and pro-atherosclerotic effects of fibrinogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Juntian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - D I Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Pang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Yan YH, C-K Chou C, Wang JS, Tung CL, Li YR, Lo K, Cheng TJ. Subchronic effects of inhaled ambient particulate matter on glucose homeostasis and target organ damage in a type 1 diabetic rat model. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 281:211-20. [PMID: 25454026 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported associations between particulate matter (PM) and cardiovascular effects, and diabetes mellitus (DM) patients might be susceptible to these effects. The chief chronic injuries resulting from DM are small vascular injuries (micro-vascular complications) or large blood vessel injuries (macro-vascular complications). However, toxicological data regarding the effects of PM on DM-related cardiovascular complications is limited. Our objective was to investigate whether subchronic PM exposure alters glucose homeostasis and causes cardiovascular complications in a type 1 DM rat model. We constructed a real world PM2.5 exposure system, the Taipei Air Pollution Exposure System for Health Effects (TAPES), to continuously deliver non-concentrated PM for subchronic exposure. A type 1 DM rat model was induced using streptozotocin. Between December 22, 2009 and April 9, 2010, DM rats were exposed to PM or to filtered air (FA) using TAPES in Taipei, Taiwan, 24h/day, 7days/week, for a total of 16weeks. The average concentrations (mean [SD]) of PM2.5 in the exposure and control chambers of the TAPES were 13.30 [8.65] and 0.13 [0.05]μg/m(3), respectively. Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was significantly elevated after exposure to PM compared with exposure to FA (mean [SD], 7.7% [3.1%] vs. 4.7% [1.0%], P<0.05). Interleukin 6 and fibrinogen levels were significantly increased after PM exposure. PM caused focal myocarditis, aortic medial thickness, advanced glomerulosclerosis, and accentuation of tubular damage of the kidney (tubular damage index: 1.76 [0.77] vs. 1.15 [0.36], P<0.001). PM exposure might induce the macro- and micro-vascular complications in DM through chronic hyperglycemia and systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Horng Yan
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Charles C-K Chou
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Seng Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Tung
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ru Li
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai Lo
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-Jen Cheng
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Wu D, Liu J, Pang X, Wang S, Zhao J, Zhang X, Feng L. Palmitic acid exerts pro-inflammatory effects on vascular smooth muscle cells by inducing the expression of C-reactive protein, inducible nitric oxide synthase and tumor necrosis factor-α. Int J Mol Med 2014; 34:1706-12. [PMID: 25242580 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in the vessel, and inflammatory cytokines play an important role in the inflammatory process of atherosclerosis. A high level of free fatty acids (FFAs) produced in lipid metabolism disorders are known to participate in the formation of atherosclerosis through multiple bioactivities. As the main saturated fatty acid in FFAs, palmitic acid stimulates the expression of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. However, it is unclear whether palmitic acid exerts a pro-inflammatory effect on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The purpose of the present study was to observe the effect of palmitic acid on the expression of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in VSMCs. Rat VSMCs were cultured, and palmitic acid was used as a stimulant for CRP, TNF-α and iNOS expression. mRNA expression was assayed with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and protein expression was detected with western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry. The results showed that palmitic acid significantly stimulated mRNA and protein expression of CRP, TNF-α and iNOS in VSMCs in time- and concentration-dependent manners, and therefore, palmitic acid is able to exert a pro-inflammatory effect on VSMCs via stimulating CRP, TNF-α and iNOS expression. The findings provide a novel explanation for the direct pro-inflammatory and atherogenic effects of palmitic acid, and for the association with metabolic syndrome, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and atherosclerosis. Therefore, the intervention with anti-inflammatory agents may effectively delay the formation and progression of atherosclerosis in patients with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Juntian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Pang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Shuyue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Liuxin Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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21
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Njaanake KH, Simonsen PE, Vennervald BJ, Mukoko DA, Reimert CM, Gachuhi K, Jaoko WG, Estambale BB. Urinary cytokines in Schistosoma haematobium-infected schoolchildren from Tana Delta District of Kenya. BMC Infect Dis 2014; 14:501. [PMID: 25223302 PMCID: PMC4180153 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathological changes due to infection with Schistosoma haematobium include cytokine-mediated urinary tract inflammation. The involved cytokines may be excreted in urine and their presence in urine may therefore reflect S. haematobium-related urinary tract pathology. The present study, for the first time, reports on the relationship between selected cytokines in urine and infection with S. haematobium in children from an area highly affected by this parasite. METHODS Children aged 5-12 years from two primary schools in Tana Delta District of Kenya were examined for S. haematobium eggs using urine filtration technique, for haematuria using dipstix and for eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), IL-6, IFN- γ, TNF-α and IL-10 levels using ELISA, and for S. haematobium-related urinary tract pathology using ultrasonography. In addition, venous blood was examined for serum IL-6, IFN- γ, TNF-α and IL-10 levels using ELISA. RESULTS There was no significant correlation between urinary and serum levels of IL-6, IFN- γ, TNF-α or IL-10. There was no significant difference in geometric mean intensity (GMI) in any of the serum cytokines, or in urinary TNF-α or IFN-γ, between children with light and heavy S. haematobium infections. However, children with heavy S. haematobium infections had significantly higher GMI of urinary IL-6 (p < 0.001) and lower GMI of urinary IL-10 (p = 0.002) than children with light infections. There was also a significant positive correlation between urinary IL-6 and urinary ECP (p < 0.001) and a significant negative correlation between urinary IL-10 and urinary ECP (p = 0.012). CONCLUSION Urinary IL-6 was positively correlated to and IL-10 was negatively correlated to infection intensity and urinary tract inflammation in S. haematobium-infected children. Urinary IL-6 and IL-10 ELISA may be a useful non-invasive tool to complement the already available tools for studying S. haematobium-related urinary tract pathology in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kariuki H Njaanake
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, P,O, Box 19676 - 00202, Nairobi, Kenya.
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Ge G, Zhang Q, Ma J, Qiao Z, Huang J, Cheng W, Wang H. Protective effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza aqueous extract on myocardium oxidative injury in ischemic-reperfusion rats. Gene 2014; 546:97-103. [PMID: 24831834 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza has strong antioxidative activity. They may have a strong potential as cardioprotective agents in ischemic-reperfusion injury. Experiments were carried out in Sprague-Dawley rats with myocardium ischemia reperfusion (IR). Myocardial injuries during IR were determined by changes in electrocardiogram analysis of arrhythmias, antioxidant enzyme activities, AST, CK-MB, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, and myocyte apoptosis. Results showed that S. miltiorrhiza aqueous extract (SAME) pre-treatment significantly decreased the ST-segment (ΣST120) and myocardium MDA, AST, CK-MB, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, increased myocardium antioxidant enzyme activities, and inhibit myocardium cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the SAME pre-treatment significantly upregulated p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 protein expression, decreased myocardium TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations in IR rats. The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were positively correlated with the changes in myocardium p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 protein expression levels in IR rats. It can be concluded that the SAME pre-treatment has anti-ischemic and anti-apoptosis activity in heart IR rats. SAME pre-treatment protects heart against IR injury, at least in part, through its stimulating effects on injury-induced deactivation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghao Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Fengxian Branch of Shanghai 6th People's Hospital, Shanghai 201400, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Fengxian Branch of Shanghai 6th People's Hospital, Shanghai 201400, China
| | - Jiangwei Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Fengxian Branch of Shanghai 6th People's Hospital, Shanghai 201400, China.
| | - Zengyong Qiao
- Department of Cardiology, Fengxian Branch of Shanghai 6th People's Hospital, Shanghai 201400, China.
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Fengxian Branch of Shanghai 6th People's Hospital, Shanghai 201400, China
| | - Wenbo Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Fengxian Branch of Shanghai 6th People's Hospital, Shanghai 201400, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Fengxian Branch of Shanghai 6th People's Hospital, Shanghai 201400, China
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Levinsson A, Olin AC, Björck L, Rosengren A, Nyberg F. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with coronary heart disease and hypertension in the INTERGENE study. Nitric Oxide 2014; 39:1-7. [PMID: 24713495 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2014.03.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) exists in three distinct isoforms, each encoded by a specific gene: neuronal NOS (NOS1 gene), inducible NOS (NOS2 gene) and endothelial NOS (NOS3 gene). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in NOS genes have been associated with cardiovascular pathology. We aimed to comprehensively investigate which NOS gene variants are most strongly associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) and hypertension, using a set of tagging SNPs with good coverage across the 3 genes. METHOD AND RESULTS CHD cases (n=560) and randomly selected population controls (n=2791) were genotyped at 58 SNPs in the NOS genes. Control individuals with systolic blood pressure ≥140, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 or on antihypertensive medication were defined as hypertensive. A structured stepwise logistic regression approach was used to select the SNPs most strongly associated with CHD and hypertension. NOS1 SNP rs3782218 showed the most consistent association with both phenotypes, odds ratio 0.59 (95% confidence interval 0.44-0.80) and 0.81 (0.67-0.97) per T-allele for CHD and hypertension respectively. For CHD, another NOS1 SNP (rs2682826) and a NOS3 SNP (rs1549758) also showed effect. For hypertension associations were seen for additional SNPs including NOS3 SNP rs3918226, previously associated with hypertension in genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. CONCLUSION We found a previously unreported association between NOS1 SNP rs3782218 and both CHD and hypertension, and confirmed NOS1 as the most important NOS risk gene for CHD. In contrast, variants in all three NOS genes were seen to be associated with hypertension in the same source population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Levinsson
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Anna-Carin Olin
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena Björck
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Annika Rosengren
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Nyberg
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden
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Natorska J, Wypasek E, Grudzień G, Sadowski J, Undas A. Impaired fibrinolysis is associated with the severity of aortic stenosis in humans. J Thromb Haemost 2013; 11:733-40. [PMID: 23289423 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A role of fibrinolysis in the pathogenesis of aortic valve stenosis (AS) is unknown, although fibrinolytic proteins have been detected in aortic stenotic valves. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether impaired fibrinolysis could be associated with AS. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 74 patients with AS (43 male, 31 female, aged 62.7 ± 10.7 years) without documented atherosclerotic valvular disease scheduled for isolated valve replacement and 68 controls. The plasma fibrin clot lysis time (CLT) in the presence of tissue factor (TF) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), along with plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were determined. Valvular expression of fibrin and PAI-1 together with macrophages and mast cells (MC) was evaluated by immunostaining. Patients with AS compared with controls were characterized by a prolonged CLT (median, 110 [54-153] vs. 92.5 [58-115] min, P = 0.0007) and increased plasma PAI-1 (78.6 [35.5-149] vs. 38.5 [18-61] ng mL(-1) , P < 0.0001). CLT was correlated with maximal (r = 0.43, P = 0.0002) and mean (r = 0.38, P = 0.001) transvalvular pressure gradients, and aortic valve area (r = -0.59, P < 0.0001). In AS patients, the CLT was positively correlated with the valve leaflet thickness (r = 0.67, P = 0.003), the degree of valve calcification (r = 0.65, P < 0.00001), valvular fibrin (r = 0.54, P = 0.007) and PAI-1 expression (r = 0.48, P = 0.007). Double-immunostaining revealed colocalization of valvular PAI-1 with MC (87 ± 17% cells) and macrophages (48 ± 11% cells) within stenotic valves. CONCLUSIONS Hypofibrinolysis might be a marker of severe AS and be implicated in AS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Natorska
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Krakow, Poland
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Pereiro P, Balseiro P, Romero A, Dios S, Forn-Cuni G, Fuste B, Planas JV, Beltran S, Novoa B, Figueras A. High-throughput sequence analysis of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) transcriptome using 454-pyrosequencing for the discovery of antiviral immune genes. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35369. [PMID: 22629298 PMCID: PMC3356354 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) is an important aquacultural resource both in Europe and Asia. However, there is little information on gene sequences available in public databases. Currently, one of the main problems affecting the culture of this flatfish is mortality due to several pathogens, especially viral diseases which are not treatable. In order to identify new genes involved in immune defense, we conducted 454-pyrosequencing of the turbot transcriptome after different immune stimulations. Methodology/Principal Findings Turbot were injected with viral stimuli to increase the expression level of immune-related genes. High-throughput deep sequencing using 454-pyrosequencing technology yielded 915,256 high-quality reads. These sequences were assembled into 55,404 contigs that were subjected to annotation steps. Intriguingly, 55.16% of the deduced protein was not significantly similar to any sequences in the databases used for the annotation and only 0.85% of the BLASTx top-hits matched S. maximus protein sequences. This relatively low level of annotation is possibly due to the limited information for this specie and other flatfish in the database. These results suggest the identification of a large number of new genes in turbot and in fish in general. A more detailed analysis showed the presence of putative members of several innate and specific immune pathways. Conclusions/Significance To our knowledge, this study is the first transcriptome analysis using 454-pyrosequencing for turbot. Previously, there were only 12,471 EST and less of 1,500 nucleotide sequences for S. maximus in NCBI database. Our results provide a rich source of data (55,404 contigs and 181,845 singletons) for discovering and identifying new genes, which will serve as a basis for microarray construction, gene expression characterization and for identification of genetic markers to be used in several applications. Immune stimulation in turbot was very effective, obtaining an enormous variety of sequences belonging to genes involved in the defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Balseiro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM, CSIC, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Sonia Dios
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM, CSIC, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Berta Fuste
- Centros Científicos y Tecnológicos de la UB, CCiT-UB, Universitat de Barcelona, Edifici Clúster, Parc Científic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep V. Planas
- Departament de Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona i Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, IBUB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Beltran
- Centros Científicos y Tecnológicos de la UB, CCiT-UB, Universitat de Barcelona, Edifici Clúster, Parc Científic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM, CSIC, Vigo, Spain
| | - Antonio Figueras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM, CSIC, Vigo, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Ye F, Jin XQ, Chen GH, Den XL, Zheng YQ, Li CY. Polymorphisms of interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 genes on the risk of ischemic stroke in a meta-analysis. Gene 2012; 499:61-9. [PMID: 22417897 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2011] [Revised: 02/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Many epidemiological studies have investigated the associations between polymorphisms of interleukin-1 (IL1) and interleukin-6 (IL6) genes and risk of ischemic stroke (IS), but no conclusions are available because of conflicting results. The aim of this study was to assess the relationships by meta-analysis. The databases of Pubmed, Embase and Wangfang, updated to August 1st, 2011, were retrieved. Odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) as effect size were calculated by a fixed- or random-effect model. In total, three case-control studies for IL1α-889C/T, eight studies for IL1β-511C/T, eight studies for IL1-Ra and seven studies for IL6-147G/C were included in this meta-analysis. Combined analysis indicated that IL1β-511C/T polymorphism was not overall associated with risk of IS [OR (95% CI)=1.22 (0.85-1.87) for TT vs. CC]. However, when subgroup analyses for countries were conducted, the results indicated that T allele was associated with increased risk of IS for Polish and associated with a trend of increased risk of IS for Chinese although it did not reach statistical significance [TT vs. CC: OR (95% CI)=1.97 (1.22-3.17) for Polish and 1.40 (0.99-1.99) for Chinese]. In addition, overall and subgroup analyses indicated that IL1α-889C/T, IL1-Ra and IL6-147G/C polymorphisms were also not associated with risk of IS [OR (95% CI)=1.21 (0.86-1.70) for TT vs. CC of IL1α-889C/T, 1.22 (0.85-1.75) for RN2/RN2 vs. RN1/RN1 for IL1-Ra and 1.09 (0.84-1.40) for G carriers vs. C carriers for IL6-147G/C]. This study inferred that IL1β-511C/T polymorphism might be moderately associated with increased risk of IS, but no sufficient evidence was available to support any associations between IL1-Ra and IL6-147G/C polymorphisms and IS. We could not draw a conclusion between IL1α-889C/T polymorphism and risk of IS based on the limited data, and further large sample-sized studies were required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ye
- Department of Neurology of Ren Min Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, PR China
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Glovatchcka V, Ennes H, Mayer EA, Bradesi S. Chronic stress-induced changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines and spinal glia markers in the rat: a time course study. Neuroimmunomodulation 2012; 19:367-76. [PMID: 23051934 PMCID: PMC3535433 DOI: 10.1159/000342092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Spinal glia activation has been proposed as one mechanism underlying visceral hyperalgesia in a rodent model of chronic stress. In order to assess the possible role of changes in circulating cytokines and in blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) permeability in spinal glia activation, we studied the time course of peripheral and spinal pro-inflammatory cytokines and of spinal and satellite glia markers in response to repeated water avoidance (WA) stress. METHODS Spinal cords and dorsal root ganglion cells (DRGs) were collected from control rats, rats exposed to 1-hour WA, or 1-hour WA daily for 5 days or 1-hour WA daily for 10 days. RESULTS We demonstrated a time-dependent change in circulating IL-1β and spinal IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in stressed animals compared with controls. We found altered expression of the astrocyte markers GFAP and Connexin 43 in spinal and DRG samples at different time points. Finally, WA was associated with increased BSCB permeability. CONCLUSIONS These findings confirm the concept that both peripheral and spinal immune markers are altered after chronic WA and suggest a possible link between stress-induced increase of peripheral pro-inflammatory cytokines, changes in satellite glial cells, increase in BSCB permeability and increase in spinal pro-inflammatory mediators suggesting glia activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya Glovatchcka
- Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Digestive Diseases Division, Los Angeles, 90095-7378, CA, USA
- GLA VA HS, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, CA, USA
| | - Helena Ennes
- Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Digestive Diseases Division, Los Angeles, 90095-7378, CA, USA
- GLA VA HS, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, CA, USA
| | - Emeran A Mayer
- Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Digestive Diseases Division, Los Angeles, 90095-7378, CA, USA
| | - Sylvie Bradesi
- Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Digestive Diseases Division, Los Angeles, 90095-7378, CA, USA
- GLA VA HS, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, CA, USA
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Davalos D, Akassoglou K. Fibrinogen as a key regulator of inflammation in disease. Semin Immunopathol 2011; 34:43-62. [PMID: 22037947 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-011-0290-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 621] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of coagulation factors with the perivascular environment affects the development of disease in ways that extend beyond their traditional roles in the acute hemostatic cascade. Key molecular players of the coagulation cascade like tissue factor, thrombin, and fibrinogen are epidemiologically and mechanistically linked with diseases with an inflammatory component. Moreover, the identification of novel molecular mechanisms linking coagulation and inflammation has highlighted factors of the coagulation cascade as new targets for therapeutic intervention in a wide range of inflammatory human diseases. In particular, a proinflammatory role for fibrinogen has been reported in vascular wall disease, stroke, spinal cord injury, brain trauma, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, bacterial infection, colitis, lung and kidney fibrosis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and several types of cancer. Genetic and pharmacologic studies have unraveled pivotal roles for fibrinogen in determining the extent of local or systemic inflammation. As cellular and molecular mechanisms for fibrinogen functions in tissues are identified, the role of fibrinogen is evolving from a marker of vascular rapture to a multi-faceted signaling molecule with a wide spectrum of functions that can tip the balance between hemostasis and thrombosis, coagulation and fibrosis, protection from infection and extensive inflammation, and eventually life and death. This review will discuss some of the main molecular links between coagulation and inflammation and will focus on the role of fibrinogen in inflammatory disease highlighting its unique structural properties, cellular targets, and signal transduction pathways that make it a potent proinflammatory mediator and a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Davalos
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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Vu TT, Stafford AR, Leslie BA, Kim PY, Fredenburgh JC, Weitz JI. Histidine-rich glycoprotein binds fibrin(ogen) with high affinity and competes with thrombin for binding to the gamma'-chain. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:30314-30323. [PMID: 21757718 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.253831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) is an abundant protein that binds fibrinogen and other plasma proteins in a Zn(2+)-dependent fashion but whose function is unclear. HRG has antimicrobial activity, and its incorporation into fibrin clots facilitates bacterial entrapment and killing and promotes inflammation. Although these findings suggest that HRG contributes to innate immunity and inflammation, little is known about the HRG-fibrin(ogen) interaction. By immunoassay, HRG-fibrinogen complexes were detected in Zn(2+)-supplemented human plasma, a finding consistent with a high affinity interaction. Surface plasmon resonance determinations support this concept and show that in the presence of Zn(2+), HRG binds the predominant γ(A)/γ(A)-fibrinogen and the γ-chain elongated isoform, γ(A)/γ'-fibrinogen, with K(d) values of 9 nm. Likewise, (125)I-labeled HRG binds γ(A)/γ(A)- or γ(A)/γ'-fibrin clots with similar K(d) values when Zn(2+) is present. There are multiple HRG binding sites on fibrin(ogen) because HRG binds immobilized fibrinogen fragment D or E and γ'-peptide, an analog of the COOH terminus of the γ'-chain that mediates the high affinity interaction of thrombin with γ(A)/γ'-fibrin. Thrombin competes with HRG for γ'-peptide binding and displaces (125)I-HRG from γ(A)/γ'-fibrin clots and vice versa. Taken together, these data suggest that (a) HRG circulates in complex with fibrinogen and that the complex persists upon fibrin formation, and (b) by competing with thrombin for γ(A)/γ'-fibrin binding, HRG may modulate coagulation. Therefore, the HRG-fibrin interaction may provide a novel link between coagulation, innate immunity, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang T Vu
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada; the Departments of Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada
| | - Alan R Stafford
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada; Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada
| | - Beverly A Leslie
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada; Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada
| | - Paul Y Kim
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada; Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada
| | - James C Fredenburgh
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada; Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada
| | - Jeffrey I Weitz
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada; the Departments of Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada; Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada.
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